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Journal articles on the topic 'Cola millenii'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Lawin, Iboukoun Fidèle, Kolawolé Valère Salako, Adandé Belarmain Fandohan, Achille Ephrem Assogbadjo, and Christine Adjokè Ifètayo Nougbodé Ouinsavi. "Phénologie de Cola millenii K.Schum. au Bénin." BASE, no. 3 (2021): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.19095.

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Description du sujet. La compréhension des facteurs influençant les phénophases des plantes d’importance socio-économique est essentielle pour leur gestion durable. Cola millenii est un arbre dont les fruits sont comestibles. Objectifs. La présente étude a analysé les différentes phénophases de l’espèce le long d’un gradient climatique au Bénin. Méthode. Les évènements de feuillaison, floraison et fructification ont été observés au milieu et à la fin de chaque mois (environ chaque 15 jours) durant deux ans dans huit phytodistricts distribués entre la zone guinéenne et la zone soudano-guinéenne

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2

Nwokocha, Louis M., and Peter A. Williams. "Characterization of the polysaccharide from Cola millenii seeds." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 161 (October 2020): 643–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.068.

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3

Ogbe, Kingsley, Emmanuel Ojonugwa Ogbe, Simon Sani Ocholi, et al. "Assessment of the Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, and GC-MS Evaluation of Methanolic Leaf Extract of an Antidiabetic Plant, Cola millenii." Sahel Journal of Life Sciences FUDMA 3, no. 2 (2025): 55–63. https://doi.org/10.33003/sajols-2025-0302-07.

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The phytochemicals present in Cola millenii have been described in different reports as an effective anti-diabetic plant. This study evaluated the phytochemical contents and antioxidant potential of Cola millenii leaves. Using methanol, the phytochemicals in the leaves were extracted, and the methanol was distilled from the Cola millenii extract using a rotary evaporator. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined spectrophotometrically. Using the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay, the in-vitro antioxida

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B., L. Adewumi, and C. Arije O. "Preliminary Investigation of Bio-preservative Effect of Cola millenii Extracts on the Shell-Life of "Kunu-Zaki"." Journal of Advances in Microbiology 4, no. 1 (2017): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.9734/JAMB/2017/33518.

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<strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the potentials of <em>Cola</em> <em>millenii</em> seed and pulp extracts as a possible bio-preservative agent for kunu-zaki, a Nigerian fermented beverage. <strong>Methodology:</strong> The plant materials were grinded mechanically and macerated in solvent (acetone and ethanol) for 72 hrs. Kunu-zaki was produced using traditional procedures and the reconstituted extracts were aseptically introduced into it. Thereafter, the samples were stored at room temperature and in the refrigerator for 15 days. <strong>Results:</strong> The pH

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5

F.B, Borokini, Abitogun A, and Olumayede E.G. "Nutritional, Antinitritional and Antimicrobial Activities Of Seed and Pulp of Cola Millenii." IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry 7, no. 5 (2014): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/5736-0752113118.

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6

Oyemitan, Idris, Fatimat Kolawole, Luqman Abass, and Adebola Oyedeji. "Neuropharmacological Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Cola millenii Dried Leaf in Rats." European Journal of Medicinal Plants 16, no. 2 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ejmp/2016/28718.

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7

Akinnibosun, Faith Iguodala, and Bolorunduro Lanre Adewumi. "Evaluation of phytochemical components of various parts of Cola millenii K. Schum." Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry 29, no. 1 (2018): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2018-0004.

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AbstractThis study is aimed at evaluating the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical composition of various parts (leaf, stem bark, root, seed and pulp) of Cola millenii a medicinal plant of southwestern Nigeria. The bioactive ingredients were extracted using water, ethanol and n-hexane in a solvent-percolation protocol. The qualitative phytochemical screening result revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins and tannins in all the parts of the plant analyzed. Glycosides was found in only the seed and pulp extracts while only the seed, leaf and stem bark contain terpenoids. Also, flavono

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Lawin, Iboukoun Fidèle, Towanou Houètchégnon, Adandé Belarmain Fandohan, Valère Kolawolé Salako, Achille Ephrem Assogbadjo, and Christine Adjokè Ifètayo Nougbodé Ouinsavi. "Connaissances et usages de Cola millenii K. Schum. (Malvaceae) en zones guinéenne et soudano-guinéenne au Bénin." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 339 (April 17, 2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2019.339.a31716.

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Bien que plusieurs fruitiers sauvages aient été étudiés au Bénin, d’autres, dont Cola millenii K. Schum., y demeurent peu documentés. Cette étude avait pour objectif d’inventorier les connaissances ethnobotaniques de C. millenii par les groupes socioculturels béninois. Des entretiens individuels structurés ont été menés auprès de 1 009 personnes. La fréquence relative de citation et l’indice d’efficacité ont été utilisés pour apprécier respectivement l’importance relative de chaque utilisation et le niveau d’efficacité de la plante dans le traitement d’une maladie donnée. C. millenii relève de

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9

Itoandon, E. E., V. A. Nwachukwu, O. L. Erukainure, O. O. Lasore, and P. N. Nwagala. "Cola millenii Leaf Ethyl Acetate Extract: Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy; Modulatory Effect on Serum Indices and Redox Biomarkers." European Pharmaceutical Journal 63, no. 2 (2016): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afpuc-2016-0016.

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AbstractThe ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of Cola millenii were investigated for it secondary metabolites as well as its effect on serum indices and antioxidant status in normal male albino rats. Fresh leaves of C. millenii were air dried, extracted with ethyl acetate and concentrated. The extract was analysed for its secondary metabolites using the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Three concentrates consisting of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) of the extract were prepared. Groups of five rats were intraperitoneally injected with each of the doses, whilst a fourth

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10

J., Akinloye A., Illoh H. C., and Olagoke O. A. "Significance of Wood Anatomical Features to the Taxonomy of Five Cola Species." Sustainable Agriculture Research 1, no. 2 (2012): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v1n2p21.

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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p>Wood anatomy of five <em>Cola</em> species was investigated to identify and describe anatomical features in search of distinctive characters that could possibly be used in the resolution of their taxonomy. Transverse, tangential and radial longitudinal sections and macerated samples were prepared into microscopic slides. Characteristic similarity and disparity in the tissues arrangement as well as cell inclusions were noted for description and delimitation. All the five <em>Cola</em&

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11

ADEWUMI, Lanre B., and Faith I. AKINNIBOSUN. "Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicity of Cola millenii Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts in Albino Rats." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 11, no. 4 (2019): 358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb11410548.

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In the present study, the toxicity of monkey kola (Cola millenii) leaf and stem bark extracts were investigated in laboratory animals. The rats were orally administered with the plant extracts at gradual doses of 10 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 1,000 mg/kg, 2,500 mg/kg, 3,500 mg/kg and 5,000 mg/kg b.w. and were closely monitored for 24 h. In sub-acute toxicity, the animals were given 1,000 mg/kg b.w. and 2,500 mg/kg b.w. for 28 days. Thereafter, the effect of the extracts on the weight and haematological parameters of the rats were determined. The rats did not show any symptoms of toxicity throughout the

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12

Lawin, Iboukoun Fidèle, Adandé Belarmain Fandohan, Kisito Gandji, Achille Ephrem Assogbadjo, and Christine Adjokè Ifètayo Nougbodé Ouinsavi. "Cola millenii K. Schum : Etat des connaissances et perspectives de recherche." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 12, no. 3 (2018): 1494. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v12i3.34.

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13

Aliyu, A. M., S. J. Oluwafemi, and S. Kasim. "Assessment of antimicrobial activity of Cola milleni seed and pulp extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Penicillium notatum." Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (2020): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v12i1.12s.

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All over the world, hundreds of plants have been identified based on researchers and experimental evidence as good sources of medicinal agents. The bioactive components (phytochemicals) of both the seeds and pulp of Cola milleni were extracted using ethanol as solvent. The bioactive components detected were alkaloids, tanins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrates, sterols, resins and terpenes while Flavonoids, anthraquinones, anthracyanides and phenol were not detected for both the seed and pulps. Antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract (Seed and pulp) against Staphylococcus aureus

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14

K., Koudouvo, Denou A., Esseh K., et al. "Ethnobotanical Survey of Endangered Antimalarial and Analgesic Plants of Togo for the Safeguard of the Medicinal Biodiversity." Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International 12, no. 2 (2017): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.9734/JAERI/2017/29303.

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The correlation between the threat of species and the use of medicinal plants is necessary for the preservation of this biodiversity. However, in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Togo, where the majority of the population use herbal medicines as first health care recourse, few actions are undertaken to make available the medicinal plants. This study aims for the identification of endangered antimalarial and analgesic medicinal plants. Ethnobotanical surveys were realized with Togolese traditional medicine practitioners of Maritime and Lomé-Commune Health Regions. Semi structured interview,

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15

Adewumi, B., and O. Arije. "Preliminary Investigation of Bio-preservative Effect of Cola millenii Extracts on the Shell-Life of “Kunu-Zaki”." Journal of Advances in Microbiology 4, no. 1 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2017/33518.

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16

Haastrup, N. O., I. Agboje, M. O. Lawal, et al. "Composition of tree species in Onigambari Forest Reserve, Oyo State, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 10 (2020): 1815–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i10.16.

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The tree composition of Onigambari Forest Reserve in Oyo State was evaluated by laying out a plot size of 50 x 50 m2 resulting to four plots per hectare. 104 and 93 stems per hectare were recorded. A total of 197 tree stands were encountered in the two compartments studied with family Sterculiaceae with species Cola gigantean, Cola millenii, Sterculia africana, Sterculia oblonga, Sterculia tragacantha, Triplochiton scleroxylon, Pterogota macrocarpa and Nesogordonia papaverifera.as the most abundant having 34 stands, followed by the family Papilionoideae with species Baphia nitida with 20 stand

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17

Gloria Chinenye, Nwanisobi, Aghanwa Charles Ifeanyi, Odika Ifeoma Maryrose, Ezechi Chigozie Ejikeme, and Okeke Chinelo Uzoma. "Fatty Acid Composition of Red Monkey Kola (Cola Millenii K. Schum) Fruit and Bark Obtained in Gariki, Enugu State, Nigeria." American Journal of Applied Chemistry 10, no. 2 (2022): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20221002.14.

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18

Kola-Mustapha, Adeola T., and Fahd A. Khalid-Salako. "Herbal emulgels incorporated with Cola millenii K. Schum stem bark ethanol extract potentially for the management of rheumatoid arthritis in-vitro." Phytomedicine Plus 1, no. 2 (2021): 100033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phyplu.2021.100033.

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19

Hounto, G., B. Tente, F. Yabi, and I. Yabi. "Diversité et connaissance ethnobotanique des espèces végétales de la forêt sacrée de Badjamè et zones connexes au sud-ouest du Benin." Revue Scientifique et Technique Forêt et Environnement du Bassin du Congo 7 (October 11, 2016): 28–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.160047.

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<strong>Résumé</strong> <em>La forêt sacrée de Badjamè (Aplahoué, Couffo) ne bénéficie presque d’aucune mesure de protection et de gestion malgré son importance écologique. La présente étude met un accent sur la diversité des espèces végétales de cette forêt au Bénin en vue de proposer les stratégies de gestion et de conservation durable de cette forêt sacrée. Une prospection de terrain nous a permis d’observer la physionomie générale de la forêt sacrée et de ses zones connexes. Des sites d’inventaire floristique ont été retenus. Les relevés phytosociologiques ont été faits dans 35 placeaux de

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SESTRAS, Radu E. "Introduction Pages." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 11, no. 4 (2019): I—VIII. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb11410626.

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Notulae Scientia Biologicae (http://www.notulaebiologicae.ro), Issue 4, Volume 11, 2019: The papers published in this issue represent interesting novelties in different topics of life science. Among the exciting researches, we invite readers to find news about: anticancer activity of water and methanol extracts of Hypericum scabrum L. on different cancer cell lines; curcumin alleviates potassium bromate-induced hepatic damage by repressing CRP Induction through TNF-α and IL-1β and by suppressing oxidative stress; evaluation of leukocyte mobilization and platelet aggregatory effects of ciproflo

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21

Adiji, A. O., S. E. Areghan, A. A. Ademola, L. T. Orire, and A. A. Adebisi. "Assessment of choice of wood species for construction purpose by smallholder furniture makers and carpenters in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State." Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and the Social Sciences 19, no. 1 (2022): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/joafss.v19i1.4.

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This study assessed the preference of wood species used for furniture making and roofing in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. A cross-sectional assessment study, which employed questionnaire and on-site observations, was used. A sample of 100 respondents was ramdomly selected from wood users comprising mixtures of active furniture makers and carpenters in five local government areas out of the 11 local government areas of Ibadan metropolis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation to establish relationship between education, year of experience and choice of wood species. From

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Kabutey, Felix Tetteh, and Daniel Wodah. "Forest Structure and Tree Species Diversity of the Abasumba Globally Significant Biodiversity Area, Ghana." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 8, no. 1 (2023): 76354. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.76354.

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We studied the forest structure and tree species diversity with diameter-at-breast-height (dbh) ≥ 10 cm in the Abasumba Globally Significant Biodiversity Area Ghana. Sixteen 25 m * 25 m plots were demarcated and trees with dbh ≥ 10 cm were inventoried following International Plant Nomenclature Index. The characteristic three–storey structure of tropical forests was shown, 68.7% of trees were in the lower 4.5–18 m and middle 18–30 m storeys. A majority 91.4% of 342 trees was in the dbh of 10–30 cm and a least 8.6% of 32 trees in 31–60 cm had dbh ˃ 60 cm. Total of 46 species, 38 genera and 17 fa

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Kakpo, Sunday Berlioz, Donald R. Yehouenou Tessi, Alain Jaures Gbetoho, Augustin K. N. Aoudji, and Jean C. Ganglo. "Répartition spatiale de Cola millenii K. Schum., Dialium guineense Wild. et Afzelia africana Smith ex Pers. dans les forêts secondaires du Sud Benin (Afrique de l’Ouest)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 12, no. 1 (2018): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v12i1.28.

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Ojeilua, Courage Humphrey, Ezinne Lerato Okaah, and Daniel Unogbo Osigbemen. "Practical Approaches to Germination and Conservation of Endangered Plants." African Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research 19, no. 1 (2025): 113–38. https://doi.org/10.62154/ajasfr.2025.019.01018.

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The germination and conservation of endangered and under-documented plant species in Nigeria are hindered by several practical challenges, particularly during the seedling and early developmental stages. Most of these species exhibit low germination percentages and weak seedling vigor when cultivated outside their native ecosystems. This difficulty is compounded by limited ecological and physiological data, especially on dormancy behavior and moisture sensitivity. Given the mounting pressures from deforestation, unsustainable harvesting, and habitat degradation, improving early-stage propagati

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Lagnika, Hamirath O., Adandé A. Medjigbodo, Oswald Y. Djihinto, et al. "Beninese Plant Extracts with Antiplasmodial Activity Select New Allele Variants Msp1 and Msp2 in Plasmodium falciparum." Journal of Parasitology Research 2024 (March 20, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/9980715.

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Background. Natural medicinal products are commonly used as a remedy against malaria infections in African populations and have become a major source of information for the screening of new and more effective antiplasmodial molecules. Therefore, in vitro studies are needed to validate the efficacy of these medicinal products and to explore the potential effects of such drugs on the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum. The current study has investigated the impact of some Beninese plant extracts with antiplasmodial activity on the genetic diversity of P. falciparum. Method. Five (5) etha

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Olabinjo, Oyebola Odunayo, and Foluso Hassan Ganiyu. "Investigation of Inhibitory Potential of Monkey Cola (Cola Milleni) against some Microorganisms." International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 6, no. 4 (2021): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.64.16.

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27

Orisakeye,, O. T., and A. A. Ojo,. "Antimicrobial and antioxidant evaluation of various parts of Cola milleni K. Schum plant." African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 8, no. 2 (2014): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajpp12.685.

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Mariam Taiwo, Oloye-Akorede, Labunmi Lajide, Jamiu Mosebolatan, Jabar, et al. "Antimicrobial activities of modified and unmodified pectin obtained from peels of Irvingia gabonensis, Cola milleni, and Theobroma cacao on specific pathogenic organisms." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 28, no. 3 (2024): 091–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2024.28.3.0325.

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The antibacterial and antifungal activities of ethanolic extracts of pectin derived from the peels of Theobroma cacao, Cola milleni, and Irvingia gabonensis were investigated against phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi. The agar diffusion method was employed to test the extracts against Staphylococus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Chromobacterium violaceum, Streptococcus feacalis, Xanthomonas axonopodis, Erwinia carotovora, Sclerotium rulfsii, Pythophthora palmivora, and Pyricularia oryzae. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in all control groups. The extracts inoculated with St

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Mariam, Taiwo Oloye-Akorede, Lajide Labunmi, Mosebolatan Jabar Jamiu, et al. "Antimicrobial activities of modified and unmodified pectin obtained from peels of Irvingia gabonensis, Cola milleni, and Theobroma cacao on specific pathogenic organisms." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 28, no. 3 (2024): 091–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14709222.

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The antibacterial and antifungal activities of ethanolic extracts of pectin derived from the peels of <em>Theobroma</em> <em>cacao</em>, <em>Cola milleni</em>, and <em>Irvingia gabonensis</em> were investigated against phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi. The agar diffusion method was employed to test the extracts against <em>Staphylococus aureus</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeroginosa</em>, <em>Chromobacterium</em> <em>violaceum</em>, <em>Streptococcus feacalis, Xanthomonas axonopodis, Erwinia carotovora, Sclerotium rulfsii, Pythophthora palmivora, an

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Gunawan, Dhani. "PERBANKAN SYARIAH INDONESIA MENUJU MILLENIUM BARU Suatu Tinjauan Pengembangan, Pengawasan, dan Prospek." Buletin Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan 2, no. 3 (2003): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v2i3.276.

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Sejak awal abad pertengahan hingga awal abad ke-20 konsep bank syariah yang berintikan kepada bagi hasil masih merupakan kajian akademis oleh para ilmuwan muslim, dalam hal ini lebih banyak para ekonom atau bankir yang meragukan sistem perbankan syariah dapat diterapkan dalam sistem perekonomian. Sementara itu perbankan konvensional yang kita kenal dewasa ini merupakan suatu proses evolusi dan uji coba yang telah berjalan dengan mapan selama berabad-abad dalam masyarakat. Dengan perjalanan waktu yang cukup panjang tersebut, maka tidaklah mengherankan apabila persepsi hampir sebagian besar masy

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Ojukunle, O. O., N. A. Oyebamiji, A. A. Olaniyi, M. O. Majolagbe, and J. A. Akinrotimi. "Assessing the Carbon Sequestration Potentials of Indigenous Trees among Academic Parks in Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 27, no. 9 (2023): 2021–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i9.19.

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Air quality, cool air temperatures, as well as captured carbon are enhanced by trees on campus. Human activities in and around academic areas within the university indicate possible high level of Carbon dioxide in thoe specific areas. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assess the Carbon capture potentials of indigenous trees in selected academic area parks (COLAMRUD Park, COLANIM Park, COLERM Park, Motion Ground Park and Multi-purpose Building Park) of Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria using a non-destructive sampling technique. Results show that there are a total o

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BAYARD, Caroline. "Épistémologie du corps et postmodernité: de l’apocalypse de Baudrillard à l’ Einfühlung de Maffesoli." Sociologie et sociétés 24, no. 1 (2002): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/001029ar.

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Résumé Baudrillard et Maffesoli ont tenté de pratiquer de par leurs écrits une épistémologie du corps et de la postmodernité qui prenne acte des renversements paradigmatiques qui caractérisent la décennie des années 1980. Le premier en aura une vision essentiellement apocalyptique et nihiliste, qui lui donnera parfois et surtout le rôle de fossoyeur de la modernité, le deuxième nous en fournira une analyse infiniment plus optimiste, situationniste, relativiste, minimaliste. Baudrillard fonde ¡¡on analyse sur un Catastrophisme prophétique, Maffesoli sur une empathie (Elnfühlung), une effusion h

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Myglan, Vladimir S., Anna V. Taynik, Valentin V. Barinov, et al. "New methods in dendroarchaeology: possibilities for studying charcoals from archaeological sites (the case of the Kara-Dyt II site, Republic of Tyva)." Rossiiskaia arkheologiia, no. 1 (July 1, 2024): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869606324010066.

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Traditionally, charcoal from archaeological sites was considered an unsuitable material for dendrochronological dating. The authors examined 23 coal samples from the Kara-Dyt II site (Republic of Tyva, Russia). An analysis of existing solutions for sample preparation of such material showed their low speed and efficiency. This article uses the approach developed by the authors, which allows for quick and high-quality sample preparation of a large number of charcoals with minimal labour costs. As a result, it was possible to construct a 138-year tree-ring chronology using archaeological charcoa

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Roy, Prodipto. "Degradation due to mining: The Piparwar Case Study and problems of estimating costs of degradation." Social Change 31, no. 1-2 (2001): 144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004908570103100211.

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Mining has two broad side-effects which may be considered degrading to the environment. The first is the environmental effects of the change on the land-use from forest or cropland to degraded wasteland due to the improper dumping of overburden; and the second, which is partially linked to the first, is the displacement of whole villages comprised of families who have husbanded their crops and animals, and lived symbiotically with the forest for centuries if not millenia. This paper is concerned mainly with the first and only partially with the second as this is the subject of a separate paper

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Roque Bravo, Rita, Ana Carolina Faria, Andreia Machado Brito-da-Costa, et al. "Cocaine: An Updated Overview on Chemistry, Detection, Biokinetics, and Pharmacotoxicological Aspects including Abuse Pattern." Toxins 14, no. 4 (2022): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14040278.

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Cocaine is one of the most consumed stimulants throughout the world, as official sources report. It is a naturally occurring sympathomimetic tropane alkaloid derived from the leaves of Erythroxylon coca, which has been used by South American locals for millennia. Cocaine can usually be found in two forms, cocaine hydrochloride, a white powder, or ‘crack’ cocaine, the free base. While the first is commonly administered by insufflation (‘snorting’) or intravenously, the second is adapted for inhalation (smoking). Cocaine can exert local anaesthetic action by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium chann

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Snoeck, C., F. Brock, and R. J. Schulting. "Carbon Exchanges between Bone Apatite and Fuels during Cremation: Impact on Radiocarbon Dates." Radiocarbon 56, no. 2 (2014): 591–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/56.17454.

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An important advance in the radiocarbon dating of archaeological material occurred in the late 1990s, with direct dating of cremated human remains. A crucial part of the argument was the demonstration that comparable results could be obtained from paired dates of charcoal and calcined bone from the same contexts. Recent studies, however, have noted the influence of carbon from the fuel sources, raising a question over the interpretation of the paired charcoal/bone dates. Here, fleshed modern animal joints were burned with “old” fuel of known age, providing experimental evidence under natural c

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Snoeck, C., F. Brock, and R. J. Schulting. "Carbon Exchanges between Bone Apatite and Fuels during Cremation: Impact on Radiocarbon Dates." Radiocarbon 56, no. 02 (2014): 591–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003382220004964x.

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An important advance in the radiocarbon dating of archaeological material occurred in the late 1990s, with direct dating of cremated human remains. A crucial part of the argument was the demonstration that comparable results could be obtained from paired dates of charcoal and calcined bone from the same contexts. Recent studies, however, have noted the influence of carbon from the fuel sources, raising a question over the interpretation of the paired charcoal/bone dates. Here, fleshed modern animal joints were burned with “old” fuel of known age, providing experimental evidence under natural c

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Parkhomenko, V. D., O. V. Parkhomenko, and S. Seki. "Energy paradigm as the basis of modern socio and economic development." Science, technologies, innovation, no. 3(15) (2020): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35668/2520-6524-2020-3-07.

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Human life activity was based on the material paradigm of development for two millennia, therefore, the methodological base and practice of its application were developed and implemented on the understanding of matter as the fundamental basis of development. The human was not considered as an integrated system at this stage of the civilizational movement. Today, the material paradigm has almost exhausted its capabilities, therefore all modern components of development have moved to the stage of formation and implementation of the energy paradigm, which provides that the basis for further progr

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Nurilah, Yusrolana, Muslihati Muslihati, and Triyono Triyono. "Pengembangan Konten Website tentang Informasi Karier Berbasis 4C’s Bagi Siswa SMKN 2 Malang." Jurnal Pembelajaran, Bimbingan, dan Pengelolaan Pendidikan 1, no. 1 (2021): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um065v1i12021p11-20.

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Abstract: The research was intended to produce a website content about career information for students of SMKN 2 Malang. This creative and innovative website content is student-centered. Today’s millennial generation also need to develop 4C’s skills in everyday life to prepare for education and employment in the 21st century. Development research adapted into the five steps of Borg and Gall (1983). Trials consist of an initial product trials and limited field trials. An initial product trials were conducted by BK material experts and media experts, while limited field trials were carried out b

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Balfour, Thuthula. "SS31-04 THE JOURNEY OF AFRICA IN MINING AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0199.

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Abstract Introduction The African continent has a long history of mining and is a major producer of many minerals and metals such as gold, diamond, cobalt, bauxite, iron ore, coal, and copper, among others. Mining as an occupation is very high risk and there is significant morbidity and mortality from occupational diseases and injuries in the sector. Notable diseases are asbestosis, silicosis and mercury poisoning. Occupational health and safety services are not well developed in Africa, leaving workers exposed to significant risks. Methods This is a narrative of Africa's journey in occupation

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Hidayat, Budi. "Mengenal Rancang Bangun Program Keluarga Harapan Kesehatan." Kesmas: National Public Health Journal 4, no. 6 (2010): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v4i6.162.

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Pemerintah Indonesia sedang melakukan uji coba program bantuan tunai bersyarat (BTB), yakni Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH). Program ini memberikan bantuan tunai kepada rumah tangga miskin dengan mensyaratkan mereka melakukan investasi sumber daya manusia. Pelaksanaan BTB di berbagai negara selalu diikuti upaya sistematis untuk mengukur efektivitas dan memahami dampak yang lebih luas dari program pada perilaku rumah tangga. Artikel ini menyajikan bukti nyata bahwa BTB telah meningkatkan kehidupan penduduk miskin. BTB dipuji sebagai cara untuk mengurangi kesenjangan terutama di sejumlah negara A

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Zhilich, S. V., and N. A. Rudaya. "Reconstruction of Fire Activity in Kulunda Steppe for the Last 3500 Years Based on the Data from the Bottom Sediments of Lake Maloe Yarovoe." Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories 27 (2021): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0433-0440.

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For several millennia, Kulunda has been inhabited by the peoples with different types of economy, but the paleoecological aspect of their habitation has remained understudied. The most promising source of paleoecological information is natural archives of lake sediments. This article presents the first results of studying macro-charcoals in the sediment core from Lake Maloe Yarovoe. Fire conditions for the last 3500 years and type of fuel (wood or grasses) are reconstructed for each period, based on macro-charcoal analysis. Data on the type of fuel and distribution of charcoals by depth in the

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Acemoglu, Daron, and Simon Johnson. "Power and Progress: Our Thousand-Year Struggle over Technology and Prosperity." Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith 77, no. 1 (2025): 65–67. https://doi.org/10.56315/pscf3-25acemoglu.

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POWER AND PROGRESS: Our Thousand-Year Struggle over Technology and Prosperity by Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson. PublicAffairs, 2024. 560 pages. Paperback; $21.99. ISBN: 9781541702547. *In this book, two highly acclaimed MIT economists, and Nobel prize winners, make the bold claim that technological progress does not automatically result in prosperity for all. This is contrary to the claims of what they call the "technology bandwagon," founded on the economic dogma arising from the rise in productivity and wages that occurred over the 20th century. Put simply, this dogma states that "when bu

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"Cola millenii." CABI Compendium CABI Compendium (January 7, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.14813.

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Johnny, Imoh I., Uwemedimo F. Umoh, Romanus A. Umoh, et al. "Pharmacognostic Characterization of Cola millenii K. Schum. (Malvaceae)." Asian Journal of Biology, January 10, 2022, 6–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2022/v14i130202.

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Background: Cola millenii K. Schum. is a member of Cola which is lesser-known in the family Malvaceae. The leaf is used in the treatment of ringworm, scabies, gonorrhoea, diarrhoea, cough and ophthalmia by the locals. Aim: The study determines various taxonomic, pharmacognostic and phytochemical standards helpful to ensure the identity, purity, safety and efficacy of the medicinal plant, C. millenii. Methodology: The pharmacognostic characterization was determined following the guidelines given by the World Health Organization (WHO). Parameters determined included macroscopy, micro

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Wood, ThankGod Timipanipiri, and Elijah Ige Ohimain. "Molecular and Morphological Diversity Studies of Five Cola (Schott and Endl.) Species in Ibadan, Nigeria." Annual Research & Review in Biology, August 22, 2020, 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2020/v35i930266.

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Intra- and inter-species genetic diversity study was carried out comparing the molecular and morphological characters of five Cola species namely Cola acuminata, Cola nitida, Cola millenii, Cola lepidota and Cola gigantea collected from five locations in Ibadan, Nigeria. Sixteen Cola accessions were analysed based on 7 quantitative characters, 12 qualitative characters and 8 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA primers. From the quantitative characters studied, high significant difference across the location and species was recorded as leaf length had the strongest variability while the species ob

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Joshua Akinropo, Oyetade, Bello Lukman Abidemi, and Adesiyan Blessing Adedayo. "Determination of Nutritional Composition of Ackee’s Apple Blighia sapida and Monkey Kola Cola millenii." Earthline Journal of Chemical Sciences, December 7, 2020, 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.34198/ejcs.5121.127136.

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The proximate analysis of the fruit sample that homogenously sampled from the wild was taken and quartered to get appreciable weight fit for analysis. Due to it perishable nature the quartered sample for each of the fruit was stored in an air tight container and kept in the refrigerator at a temperature of about 4°C. For the determination of the nutritional composition, parameters which include their proximate, minerals, and vitamin C were quantitatively determined while the anti-nutrient composition were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Compared to ackee’s apple, monkey cola was fou

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"EVALUATION OF TOXIC POTENTIALS OF Cola millenii K. Schum SEED AND PULP FLOUR IN FOOD FORMULATIONS." Carpathian Journal of Food Science and Technology, February 28, 2021, 144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34302/crpjfst/2020.12.5.11.

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Tiko, Gerard Hodeve, Abdou Madjid O. Amoussa, Rafiou Adamou, Adande A. Medjigbodo, Luc S. Djogbenou, and Latifou Lagnika. "Assessment of Antiplasmodial and Antioxidant Activities, Total Phenolics and Flavonoids Content, and Toxicological Profile of Cola millenii K. shum (Malvaceae)." International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review, June 15, 2020, 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijbcrr/2020/v29i530191.

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Aims: This study was designed to assess antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities in relation to phytochemical contents and toxicological profile of crude extracts of Cola millenii leaves. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out from April 2015 to November 2018 at University of Abomey-Calavi, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Bioactives Natural Products and Laboratory of Infectious Vector-borne Diseases. Methodology: Phytochemical screening of aqueous and ethanolic crude extracts was performed using standard methods. Estimation of total phenolics contains (TPC) and tota

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Ige, P. O., and O. A. Adebayo. "ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL REGENERATION POTENTIALS AND STAND STRUCTURES OF AGO-OWU FOREST RESERVE, OSUN STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Forest Science and Environment, April 7, 2025, 23–32. https://doi.org/10.63693/jfse.v10i1.028.

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This study investigated the natural regeneration potentials and stand structures of Ago-Owu Forest Reserve, Osun State, Nigeria. The forest is a critical ecosystem facing pressures such as illegal logging and agricultural encroachment. Through cluster sampling, 15 temporary sample plots (35m x 35 m) were systematically laid. All trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm were identified, and parameters such as DBH, height, crown diameter, and regeneration status were measured. Diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, and Pielou’s Evenness) and structural parameters like tree density

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