Academic literature on the topic 'Cola nitida'

Cola species constitute an important non-timber forest product. Besides the food value, Cola is rich in numerous phytochemicals, making it more important for its use in both African traditional medicine and potentials in industrial pharmacopoeia. Knowledge about genetic diversity is essential for conservation. In this paper, we reported genetic variability of Cola acuminata and C. nitida germplasm across the Cola - producing states (the rain forest and derived savannah zones) in Nigeria using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Fifteen primers which gives an average of 6.5 bands per primer were selected for both species. C. acuminata exhibited a higher level of variation with 71.5% of the detected markers being polymorphic (223 polymorphic alleles), whereas C. nitida presented 58.3% variation with 182 polymorphicalleles. Inter-population differentiation was measured as Jaccard?s similarity coefficient. The mean similarity index amounted to 42.5% in C. acuminata and 46.7% in C. nitida respectively. Results reveal the genetic structure of both species and conservation strategies are suggested.

This study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical and antibacterial properties of Garcina kola (Orogbo) and Cola nitida (Obi) extracts. Fresh seeds of Cola nitida and Garcinia kola were collected from Ago-Iwoye market, Ogun State. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the test plants were used against selected test organisms, Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas euriginosa and Escherichia coli. Disc diffusion method was adopted to test for susceptibility of the selected test bacteria to the extracts. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. Bioassay data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The result of the phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoid, phenol, alkaloid, saponins, tannins and phlobatanins. The result of the antibacterial activity showed that the ethanolic extract of the test plants recorded highest antimicrobial activity against test isolates compared to aqueous extracts. The tested plant seeds of both plants posses reasonable antibacterial activity but to varied zones of inhibition, with Staphylococcus aureus isolate having the highest inhibitory zones (21.33) mm while Pseudomonas aeuruginosa had the least inhibitory zone (6.00) mm. The antibacterial activity were however found to be concentration dependent (Fvalue= 3.996, Pvalue= < 0.05). All tested organisms were found to have definite MIC and MBC activities which ranges between 125 and 1000μg/ml for MIC except for Kola nitida that has no definite MBC below 1000μg/ml. The result confirms the potential of antibacterial activity of Garcinia kola and Cola nitida extracts.
 Keywords: Antimicrobial, Cola nitida, Garcinia kola, Phytochemical, Plant extracts

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p>Wood anatomy of five <em>Cola</em> species was investigated to identify and describe anatomical features in search of distinctive characters that could possibly be used in the resolution of their taxonomy. Transverse, tangential and radial longitudinal sections and macerated samples were prepared into microscopic slides. Characteristic similarity and disparity in the tissues arrangement as well as cell inclusions were noted for description and delimitation. All the five <em>Cola</em> species studied had essentially the same anatomical features, but the difficulty posed by the identification of <em>Cola acuminata </em>and <em>Cola nitida</em> when not in fruit could be resolved using anatomical features. <em>Cola acuminata</em> have extensive fibre and numerous crystals relative to <em>Cola nitida</em>,<em> </em>while<em> Cola hispida </em>and <em>Cola millenii</em> are the only species having monohydric crystals. <em>Cola gigantica </em>is the only species that have few xylem fibres while other species have extensive xylem fibre. These features have proved very functional and strongly of diagnostic value in the classification and delimitation of the studied <em>Cola </em>species.</p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>

Malgré son importance socioéconomique, la production ivoirienne de noix de cola est confrontée à plusieurs difficultés. Le manque de techniques culturales éprouvées constitue une des contraintes pour la domestication et la culture du colatier. Il est donc nécessaire de mettre au point des techniques adaptées à l’espèce cultivée. L’objectif de cette étude est d’optimiser la méthode de bouturage sous tunnel du colatier (Cola nitida), face aux inconvénients de la multiplication générative. Le dispositif expérimental utilisé est un Split-Splot avec deux facteurs : le génotype avec cinq modalités (5 génotypes) et le nombre de feuilles avec cinq (05) modalités (1, 2, 3, 4 et 5 feuilles diminuées de moitié). Nous avons le génotype en grande parcelle et le nombre de feuilles en petite parcelle. L’aptitude des génotypes au bouturage a été évaluée à six mois à travers le taux de survie et la mesure des paramètres de croissance et de développement. Le génotype L18A1D9 a montré la meilleure aptitude au bouturage avec un taux de survie de 41,7%. Les boutures avec 4 feuilles diminuées de moitié ont eu le meilleur taux de survie (41,7%), un bon enracinement des boutures vivantes (88,9%), une biomasse totale fraîche (4,2 g) et totale sèche (1,7 g) élevée. Le succès du bouturage sous tunnel du colatier est tributaire du génotype et du nombre de feuilles. Le nombre de feuilles recommandé par bouture est de quatre (4) pour le bouturage du colatier sous tunnel.Mot clés : Bouturage, nombre de feuilles, Cola nitida, génotype. Englsih Title: Influence of genotype and number of leaves on the growth in nurseries of cola cuttings (Cola nitida [Wind.] Schott and Endlicher.)Despite its socio-economic importance, kola nut production faces several challenges. Domestication and cultivation of kola requires the adoption of propagation techniques adapted to the crop species. The objective of this study is to optimize kola (Cola nitida) vegetative propagation by cutting under tunnel. The experimental design used was a split-splot with two factors: genotype with five modalities (5 genotypes,) and leave number with five (05) modalities (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 leaves cut in half). The ability of genotype to cutting propagation was assessed by measuring growth parameters. The survival rate of the cuttings was evaluated at six months. Root growth, number of new leaves, height gain and biomass were subsequently measured. Genotype L18A1D9 has the best ability for vegetative propagation by cuttings with a survival rate of 41.7%. To optimize vegetative propagation by cuttings under tunnel, 4 leaves cut in half by cuttings must be used for acceptable success rate (41.7%), good rooting (88.9%), a high total fresh biomass (4.2 g) and total biomass (1.7g). The success of kola vegetative propagation depends of genotype and the leave number per cutting. The number of leaves per cuttings recommended per cuttings is four (4) for kola vegetative propagation.Keywords: Cuttings, number of leaves, Cola nitida, genotype.

Kola nut (Cola nitida) is chewed in many West African cultures and it is used ceremonially, industrially, medicinally and economically. The aim of this study was to assess the phytochemical properties and antibacterial activity of Cola nitida seeds. The seeds were purchased, dried and then powdered for phytochemical screening and extraction. Ethanol and aqueous (hot water) extracts were used for this study. The antibacterial activity of each extract at 30 mg/ml and 60 mg/ml was tested on four bacterial isolates; Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli using the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar. The results revealed the presence of various potent phytochemicals such as alkaloids, polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids and glycosides. The zones of inhibition ranged from 0.0 mm to 28.0 mm for both concentrations of the ethanol extract and from 0.0 mm to 31.0 mm for both concentrations of the aqueous extract. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ranged from 7.5 mg/ml to 30.0 mg/ml for the ethanol extract and 3.75 mg/ml to 30.0 mg/ml for the aqueous extract. No minimum bactericidal concentration was recorded. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed on the data showed that there were significant differences in the zones of inhibition for each concentration of the extracts (P<0.05). The purified extract of Cola nitida seeds can be used to treat infections caused by these selected bacterial species.