Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cold chain system'

With the surging of cold-chain logistics industry, people pay more and more attention to the quality of cold-chain control. There emerge many approaches monitoring the dynamic situation along all the phases of the whole cold supply chain including processing, storage, transportation and selling. Here in iPack Center, KTH, a RFID real-time cold-chain monitoring system is presented. The system is aiming to track and monitor the situation of goods in-transit in real-time including the position, temperature, relative humidity as basic monitoring issue, gas concentration and shock parameters as optional. To know in which way and toward whom this product can position itself, a deeper investigation and knowledge of the current cold-chain logistics industry is essential. Some field interviews are conducted towards companies that are involved in cold-chain logistics industry at different segmentations majorly in pharmaceuticals and foods. The companies are chosen elaborately that they are considered that they can represent the market environment of cold-chain monitoring to some extent. The real thought and expectations from them are valuable as a useful reference to improve iPack’s own RFID tracking system in some detail or specification way as well as identify the real business opportunity, deduce the business model towards different parties that involved in this industry for the future work.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 63).
The Vaccines & Diagnostics (V&D) division of Novartis recently developed a global automation strategy that highlights the need to implement a manufacturing execution system (MES). Benefits of an MES (electronic production records) include enhancing the compliance position of the organization, reducing production delays, and improving process flexibility; however, implementing an MES at global manufacturing sites presents unique logistical challenges that need to be overcome. The goal of this thesis is to investigate cold chain management as an expanded functionality for an MES. The thesis attempts to identify best practices for the strategic implementation of an MES in the management of cold chain vaccine products. While the concepts presented in this thesis are in the context of managing the cold chain for vaccine products, the best practices can be applied to a variety of cold chain management scenarios. In order to generate best practice recommendations for the strategic implementation of a cold chain management MES, a thorough understanding of the manufacturing process will need to be acquired. The first tool used to gain this understanding was value-stream mapping (VSM). VSM provided some insight into the current paper-based cold chain management system; however, the tool was not applicable for understanding the flow of information generated within the cold chain management system. Another tool was used to enable the organization to focus on the data generated by a process, the information product map (IP-Map). Current-state IP-Maps of the cold chain at the Rosia, Italy, site were generated and numerous areas for improving the data quality were identified. Future-state IP-Maps of the cold chain at the Rosia, Italy, site were generated to demonstrate how the implementation of a cold chain MES could improve the shortcomings of the current system. The future-state IP-Maps were based on underlying assumptions that directly lead to recommendations for the cold chain MES implementation. First, a unit of measurement smaller than lot size must be selected for tracking material data in the MES. Second, data capture technology for material entering or leaving cold storage must be integrated with the MES.
by Todd Andrew Waldron.
S.M.
M.B.A.

The study aims to identify which performance appraisal system is currently used in The Cold Chain, how this system compare with the fundamental requirements of a successful appraisal system and what requirements can be adopted to make the way in which Team Leaders are appraised more effective. An introduction into The Cold Chain, the identification of the problem and the relevance of the study is followed by a literature overview of performance management, the role of performance appraisals and the requirements for a successful performance appraisal system. Various appraisal systems, problems associated with performance appraisals and a framework for the development of an efficient system is discussed. Research conducted using a questionnaire sent to Team Leaders in The Cold Chain, delivered results which were analysed and discussed in Chapter four. In addition to biographical information, the function, effectiveness, evaluator involvement, objectives and criteria, requirements for performance appraisals, organisational alignment and evaluator faults were discussed. It was found that the current performance appraisal system in use at Mercor is a trait scale system. A trait scale method of performance appraisals does not reflect measurement against clearly defined job criteria and is difficult to legally defend. The essential elements for successful appraisal systems such as reliability, relevance, sensitivity, uncontaminated information, acceptability, practicality and legality will be present in a 360-degree approach and the implementation of such a system in Mecor was recommended.

Development of temperature controlled packaging (TCP) systems involves a significant lead-time and cost as a result of the large number of tests that are carried out to understand system performance in different internal and external conditions. This MPhil project aims at solving this problem through the development of a transient spreadsheet based model using lumped system approach that predicts the performance of packaging systems under a wide range of internal configurations and dynamically changing environmental thermal conditions. Experimental tests are conducted with the aim of validating the predictive model. Testing includes monitoring system temperature in a wide range of internal configurations and external thermal environments. A good comparison is seen between experimental and model predicted results; increasing the mass of the chilled phase change material (PCM) in a system reduces the damping in product performance thereby reducing the product fluctuations or amplitude of the product performance curve. Results show that the thermal mathematical model predicts duration to failure within an accuracy of +/- 15% for all conditions considered.

Thesis: M. Eng. in Logistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-73).
A challenging part of E-Commerce for perishable consumer packaged goods (PCPG) is the fulfillment. Given the fragile nature of the items shipped, they require a low cost, effective cold chain fulfillment method so as to keep integrity, ensure speed at an affordable low cost for the end consumer. Our research, in partnership with one of the big PCPG items, addressed four aspects of the fulfillment process: Shipments routing, return process, competitive research and packaging techniques. Through a research process, we looked at shipment routing techniques for network optimization and density solutions, return process through different nodes in the supply chain, competitive research looking E-Commerce websites that sell PCPG products and comparing each of them to understand their underlying pricing methods and looked at current packaging techniques, current available and future technologies in packaging. We scored each of the aspects based on three KPIs, speed, quality and cost; we put forth several combinations that focused on each KPI by itself and aimed at maximizing speed or quality or minimizing cost. This research serves to direct focus based on the KPI desired on the aspects that help optimize said KPI and can be generalized to other E-Commerce products requiring cold chain delivery.
by Mounir Yakzan and Jordan Nelson.
M. Eng. in Logistics

Idag transporteras kylda livsmedel, i Sverige, inom ett temperaturintervall på +2 °C - +8 °C. I vilken temperatur som animaliska livsmedel ska hanteras i regleras i lagstiftningen och varierar mellan +2 °C - +7 °C. Många kylskåp, både hos butik och konsument, är inställda på+8 °C. Till följd av detta är den stora majoriteten livsmedel, på förpackningen, markerade med en förvaringstemperatur på +8 °C. På senare år har diskussioner förts angående en sänkt temperatur i kylkedjan. Anledningen till detta är att överkomma matsvinnet. Forskning pekar på att ett livsmedels hållbarhet är starkt beroende av dess förvaringstemperatur. Hastigheten på mikrobiell tillväxt sjunker nämligen med lägre temperaturer. År 2020 träder en ny förordning om fluorerade växthusgaser (fgasförordningen)i kraft som förbjuder installation och påfyllning av kommersiell utrustning innehållande köldmedier med högre Global Warming Potential-faktor än 2500. Detta innebär att butiksledet i stor utsträckning kommer tvingas byta ut sina äldre kylsystem. Med nya kylsystem kan en lägre temperatur garanteras. För att vara väl förberedda ställer sig transportbranschen frågan vilka konsekvenser en sänkttemperatur kan tänkas föra med sig i deras del av kedjan. Problematiken grundar sig i att en del livsmedel kan ta skada av temperaturer nära fryspunkten. För att skydda dessa livsmedelkan transportören använda sig av produktskydd på kylkänsliga livsmedel. En annan beprövad metod är att dela in livsmedlen i flera temperaturzoner. Arbetets teoretiska bidrag är att det sammanställer tidigare forskning på områden inom livsmedelsegenskaper vid nedkylning, multitemperatursystem och produktskydd samt semistrukturerade intervjuer med experter inom sina respektive områden. Vidare undersöksäven kylkedjans uppbyggnad och dess aktörer. Perspektivet i rapporten utgår från ett av de större transportföretagen inom tempererad logistik i Sverige. Arbetets praktiska bidrag är baserat på en fallstudie som tillsammans med det teoretiska bidraget ligger till grund för en redogörelse över tänkbara konsekvenser. Analysen visar på att en del livsmedel, för att inte komma till skada och riskera kassation, måste skyddas. Antingen genom flera temperaturzoner eller genom produktskydd. Bådaalternativen kommer med för- och nackdelar. Att addera flera temperaturzoner för med sig investeringar i form av mellanväggar och kylsystem samt komplicerar livsmedelshanteringen. Flera temperaturzoner kan emellertid säkra ett livsmedels kvalitet. För produktskydden existerar det inget returlogistiksystem och ett system kan bli mycket kostnadsdrivande att upprätthålla. Slutsatsen är att en kombination av de båda lösningarna är att föredra men att branschöverskridande samarbete krävs för att samtliga parter ska gynnas.
Chilled foodstuffs are today transported within a temperature interval of +2 °C - +8 °C in Sweden. The correct temperatures in which foodstuffs with animal origin should be handled in are regulated by law and diverges between +2 °C - +7 °C. Many refrigeration systems in grocery stores and consumer’s homes are set at +8 °C. The great majority of foodstuffs are, as a result of this, on the packaging marked with a storage temperature of +8 °C. To be well prepared, the transport industry ask themselves which consequences might occur in case of a reduced temperature in the cold chain. The main reason for this is to overcome food waste. Research shows that foodstuffs durability is highly dependent on its storage temperature. The rate in which microbial growth occur drops with falling temperatures. In2020 a new EU regulation enters in to force which regulates the use of refrigerants with higher Global Warming Potential factor than 2500. The grocery stores have to, as a result of this, replace many of their older refrigeration systems. Regulating lower temperatures won’t be an issue with new modern equipment. As a result of this they can guarantee lower temperatures on foodstuff. To be prepared for what might come, the transport industry wants to know what consequences a lower temperature might bring along in their part of the cold chain. The main issue is that some foodstuff might be harmed in temperatures close to the freezing point. The use of protective coatings could offer shelter for cold sensitive products. One other proven method is to allocate foodstuff in different temperature zones. This thesis theoretical contribution compiles earlier research in areas such as foodstuffs characteristics when refrigerated, multi temperature systems, protective coatings and semi structured interviews with experts within their fields. It further examines the cold chain and the stakeholders within it. The focus of the thesis is thru the perspective of one of the major transport companies within cold chain logistics in Sweden. The practical contribution is based on a case-study together with the theoretical contribution which states consequences that possibly can occur along the transport company’s part of the cold chain. The analysis shows that, to minimize the risk of cassation, some foodstuffs need protection. Either thru multiple temperature zones or with protective covers. Both alternatives comes with advantages and disadvantages. To add temperature zones are associated with investments in the form of separable walls and cooling systems together with an increase in logistic complexity. Multi temperature systems can however secure the quality in a foodstuffs quality. The issue with protective covers is that there’s no return logistics system in place and such a system can be very expensive to uphold. The covers do however offer protection from outer temperature influence. The conclusions states that a combination of both solutions might be suitable. To accomplish this however requires collaboration over company and industry borders if all stakeholders are to be beneficial.

Thesis (M. Eng. in Logistics)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 66).
This thesis discusses the tradeoff between transportation cost and the level of service in cold chain transportation. Its purpose is to find the relationship between transportation cost and the level of service in cold chain transportation. Regression models are built to quantify the additional cost of superior quality cold chain for both Chiquita and its carriers, and analyze the relationship between such cost and customer service level. In order to guarantee the freshness of salads and fruits, cold chain transportation has to meet strict quality standards and additional costs occur due to efforts required to maintain and monitor the transportation performance. The thesis takes quantitative approach to demonstrate the relationships among the quality standards required, the cost associated, and the customer service level reached. The temperature quality standards are mainly measured by monitoring data from RFID monitor Sensitech. The cost data are collected from Chiquita's historical carrier rates. The customer service level is measured in two dimensions, on time drop-off, and on time pick-up. The thesis also takes qualitative approach by a survey on carriers' additional cost of offering superior cold chain transportation among Chiquita's carriers. No correlation is found between transportation cost and the level of service in cold chain transportation. Therefore carriers with best cold chain management don't necessarily charge the highest.
by Saiqi Liu.
M.Eng.in Logistics

This master thesis is a part of a project initiated by the energy technology department at KTH. The project aims to provide useful insights on the Swedish cold chain for food and evaluate the potential of refrigeration systems using carbon dioxide in a food processing and storage facility. This thesis includes a detailed description of the main parts necessary to sustain a typical cold chain and an analysis of a facility that employs CO2 as its only refrigerant. The facility has the complete instrumentations necessary to measure temperatures, pressures, and the energy consumed by the compressors and the fans in the storage rooms. The instruments have been installed at the beginning of 2018, but only the first semester of 2020 is thoroughly analyzed in this thesis. The measurements collected throughout this period were good enough for the evaluation of such a system. Because of the multi-functionality of the units, different performances were calculated, thus providing the tools for a meaningful and complete analysis. Particular attention was directed towards the overall COP and the heat recovery COP to better understand the improvements that the units can undergo. The potential to recover “free” heat from the desuperheater and the intercooler is demonstrated and discussed in the final chapters of this paper. The experimental and theoretical studies reported in this thesis prove that CO2 based systems can be employed as efficient solutions in food processing and storage facilities. However, comparison with other systems is needed and this work will be presented in publications that follow the ongoing project.
Detta examensarbete är en del av ett projekt initierat av KTH:s energitekniska avdelning. Projektet syftar till att ge användbar insikt i den svenska kylkedjan för livsmedel, och utvärdera potentialen i kylsystem som använder koldioxid i en livsmedelstillverknings- och lagringsanläggning. Avhandling innehåller en detaljerad beskrivning av de viktigaste delarna som är nödvändiga för att upprätthålla en typisk kylkedja och en analys av en anläggning som använder CO2 som enda köldmedium. Anläggningen har kompletta instrument som krävs för att mäta temperaturer och tryck samt energiförbrukningen av kompressorerna och fläktarna i förrådsutrymmena. Instrumenten installerades i början av 2018, men endast den första terminen av 2020 analyseras noggrant i denna avhandling. Mätningarna som samlats in under denna period var tillräckligt bra för utvärderingen av ett sådant system. Tack vare enheternas multifunktionalitet kunde olika prestationer beräknas, vilket gav verktygen för en meningsfull och fullständig analys. Särskild uppmärksamhet riktades mot den totala prestandakoefficienten (COP) och COP-talet för värmeåtervinning för att bättre förstå de förbättringar som enheterna kan genomgå. Potentialen för att återvinna ”fri” värme från överhettaren (desuperheater) och laddluftkylaren (intercooler) demonstreras och diskuteras i de sista kapitlen i denna uppsats. De experimentella och teoretiska studier som rapporterats i denna avhandling visar att CO2-baserade system kan användas som effektiva lösningar i livsmedelstillverknings- och lagringsanläggningar. Jämförelse med andra system behövs dock och detta arbete kommer att presenteras i publikationer som följer det pågående projektet.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
A Escherichia coli enteroagregativa (EAEC) é um patotipo emergente e heterogêneo que causa a diarréia aguda ou persistente em indivíduos de diferentes faixas etárias e em pacientes imunocomprometidos. Além disso, EAEC é um dos principais agentes etiológicos da diarréia dos viajantes. O padrão de aderência agregativa de EAEC está associado ao plasmídeo de aderência agregativa (pAA). Genes presentes no plasmídeo e no cromossomo codificam proteínas envolvidas na secreção extracelular de fatores de virulência na superfície ou diretamente na célula hospedeira. A capacidade de produção de muco e biofilme, elaboração de toxinas, aderência e indução de inflamação intensa na mucosa intestinal são importantes características da patogenicidade de EAEC. Nesse estudo, determinamos o perfil genotípico de genes do sistema de secreção Tipo V (SST5) e sistema de secreção Tipo VI (SST6) em cepas de EAEC. Os genes do SST5 ocorreram com mais frequência que os genes do SST6. A presença de pelo menos um gene do SST5 foi detectada em 79% das cepas, enquanto que os genes relacionados ao SST6 foram detectados em apenas 42% das cepas analisadas. A produção de biofilme foi observada em teste quantitativo e verificamos que 67% das cepas produziram biofilme. No teste qualitativo, o tipo de biofilme que predomina é o biofilme moderado (11 cepas), seguido do biofilme forte (9 cepas) e do biofilme discreto (4 cepas). A presença ou ausência de genes do SST5 e SST6 não parece interferir com a capacidade de produção de biofilme, nem com o tipo de biofilme formado. Em ensaios de citotoxicidade, apenas 25% das cepas EAEC (sobrenadante) causaram redução significativa na viabilidade de células T84 avaliada pelo teste de redução com MTT. Nossos resultados mostram que as cepas EAEC isoladas de crianças com diarréia aguda ou de grupo controle são invasoras para células T84. Ao compararmos a capacidade invasora das cepas clinicas e controle, observamos que a média do índice de internalização obtido nas 15 cepas do grupo clinico foi de 5,7% 1,7 e para as 9 cepas do grupo controle foi de 2.4 % 0,7; entretanto essa diferença observada não foi estatisticamente significativa. Não foi possível correlacionar o perfil genotípico dos genes do SST5 e SST6 com o perfil fenotípico analisado (formação de biofilme, citotoxicidade e invasão).O que pode ser atribuído a heterogeneidade genotípica e fenotípica, uma característica relevante de cepas EAEC.
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an emerging and heterogeneous pathotype that causes acute or persistent diarrhea in individuals of different age groups and HIV-positive patients. In addition, EAEC is a major etiologic agent of travelers' diarrhea. The pattern of aggregative adherence of EAEC is associated with the aggregative adherence plasmid (pAA). Genes present in the plasmid and chromosome encode proteins involved in extracellular secretion of virulence factors on the surface or directly into the host cell. The production of mucus, biofilm and toxins; and induction of intense inflammation in the intestinal mucosa and mucosal adherence are major features of EAEC pathogenesis. In this study, we determined the genotypic profile of type V secretion system (T5SS) and type VI secretion system (T6SS) genes in EAEC strains. T5SS genes occurred more frequently than T6SS genes. The presence of at least one T5SS gene was detected in 79% of the strains, while genes related with T6SS were detected in only 42% of the strains tested. The biofilm production was observed in quantitative test, we have found that 67% of strains produced biofilm. In the qualitative test, we detected three distinctive patterns of biofilm formation: moderate (11 strains), strong (9 strains) and discrete biofilm (4 strains). The presence or absence of T5SS and T6SS genes do not interfere with the ability to produce biofilm, neither with biofilm pattern. In cytotoxicity assays, only 25% of EAEC strains (supernatant)resulted in significant reduction of T84 cells activity as evaluated by MTT reduction test. Our results show that EAEC strains isolated from children with acute diarrhea or the control group are able to invade T84 cells. When comparing the invasive ability of clinical and control strains, we observed that the average rate of internalization obtained in 15 clinical strains was 5.7% 1.7, for the nine strains of control group was 2.4% 0. 7, however this difference was not statistically significant. It was not possible to correlate the genotypic profile of T5SS and T6SS genes with the phenotypic profile analysed (biofilm formation, cytotoxicity and invasion), which can be attributed to genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity, an important characteristic of EAEC strains

碩士
朝陽科技大學
資訊與通訊系
107
To clarify the responsibility of food spoilage, the general cold chain logistics would install the terminal on the vehicle to record the temperature, speed, time, and route of the transport. Therefore, this study is mainly commissioned by the manufacturer to develop a customized monitoring system for cold chain logistics vehicles. The terminals of cold chain logistics vehicles are based on the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ control boards, which are connected to the temperature sensors, GPS receivers, and 4G modules to collect and record the sensing and positioning data. Besides, in the system, the Python is the main compilation language through Python multi-core compilation features. And, we adopt the Multiprocessing mechanism to establish different subsystems to the calculate latitude and longitude, address, speed, dwell time, vehicle flameout, and freezing and refrigerating temperatures. Then, the data is transmitted to the back-end database via the 4G module. Furthermore, users can monitor the conditions of cold chain logistics vehicles at any time by using the responsive website. Through the actual installation test, we can get the real-time freezing and refrigerating temperatures, current situations, and positions of logistics vehicles. When the food is spoiled, all the information of a the day can be printed out to the entrusted food merchants and logistics providers to facilitate their clarifications

碩士
國立臺北科技大學
工業工程與管理系碩士班
100
The vaccines which protect our health should be joined to the cold chain to insure its safety and keeps it at a low temperature. Although the vaccines technique is better than before, it still leads to harm sometimes such as discomfort or the effect is fruitless. Even worse, it results in death. 　　By way of this research, we can realize that vaccines should be monitored in all the processes of transportation, preservation, use and so on strictly. This research is mainly aimed at monitor and temperature of the cold chain, we set up a supervisory control apparatus of vaccines system to simulate operations process. Through communicating and sharing of information to each other that cold chain will be continuous,and avoid "vaccine failure but we don’t know".We can protect the vaccine safety through control system and circular system. Furthermore,about cold chain standard in Taiwan that’ not yet defined, forasmuch in this research we use CCQI and questionnaire to assess cold chain member and cause medicines safety in Taiwan.

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas apresentado à Faculdade de Farmácia
Vaccination coverage has increased over the years, but in last years this growth has decreased in developing countries, many of them in Africa, with this continent being one of the most affected by this reality. Understanding the causes of this problem is the only way to obtain the necessary solutions. Over the years, several entities have supported vaccination programs and made available several guidelines and guides for health professionals, among them the World Health Organization. The major cause of the problem then seems to be the break of the cold chain in distributed vaccines. The main objective of the cold chain is to maintain the temperature at the recommended range for maintaining the potency of vaccines from their production and storage to their distribution to the final consumer. This is extremely important because the process of loss of potency of a vaccine is irreversible and thus the loss of a unique opportunity for vaccination can occur. Several factors have been addressed as possible causes for this process, including factors affecting the level of knowledge of health professionals at the various levels involved, equipment available for storage and delivery and distribution processes that are often inadequate and with many intermediate steps that increase the likelihood of errors. Several attempts have been made to circumvent these problems already identified, from sessions and projects to professionalize and improve the leadership of the human resources involved, to the development of techniques in the best form of vaccine distribution, reducing to a minimum the risk of exposure to very high or freezing temperatures. One of the most expected solutions is the development of techniques to obtain more stable vaccines to temperature changes such as lyophilization. The advances that have been made over the last few years are to be noted, but investment and an even greater focus on research are still needed to solve this problem and protect people from diseases that would be easily preventable through vaccination.
A cobertura vacinal tem vindo a sofrer um aumento ao longo dos anos, mas este crescimento tem abrandado nos países em desenvolvimento. Em particular, o continente africano é um dos mais afetados por esta realidade. Perceber as causas deste problema é a única forma de obtermos as soluções necessárias. Ao longo dos anos, diversas entidades, entre elas destaca-se a Organização Mundial da Saúde, têm apoiado os programas de vacinação e disponibilizado diretrizes e guias para os profissionais de saúde. Um dos problemas parece ser a quebra da cadeia de frio nas vacinas distribuídas e consequentemente perda de potência das mesmas. O grande objetivo da cadeia de frio reside na manutenção da temperatura no intervalo recomendado desde a sua produção, passando pelo seu armazenamento, até à sua distribuição ao consumidor final. Esta adquire extrema importância pois o processo de perda de potência de uma vacina está associado a uma ineficaz imunização e, por conseguinte, a uma perda de eficaz cobertura vacinal. Vários fatores foram abordados como possíveis causas para este ineficiente processo, entre eles destacam-se os fatores que afetam o grau de formação dos profissionais de saúde, os equipamentos disponíveis para armazenamento e entrega de vacinas e os processos de distribuição muitas vezes desadequados e com muitos passos intermédios que aumentam a probabilidade da ocorrência de erros. Várias abordagens têm vindo a ser tentadas para contornar estes problemas, desde sessões e projetos de profissionalização e melhoria da liderança dos recursos humanos envolvidos, até ao desenvolvimento de técnicas sob a melhor forma de distribuição das vacinas reduzindo ao mínimo o risco da sua exposição a temperaturas muito elevadas ou muito baixas, de congelamento. Uma das soluções mais esperadas consiste no desenvolvimento de técnicas para a obtenção de vacinas mais estáveis, como a liofilização. É de ressalvar os avanços que têm vindo a ser feitos ao longo dos últimos anos, mas ainda é necessário investimento e uma aposta ainda maior na investigação de modo a tornar possível a proteção das pessoas, de doenças para as quais existem vacinas.

碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
電子工程系碩士班
101
In response to higher living standards and changes in lifestyle, the demands on cold fresh foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and so forth, keep increasing. Consumers also have more and more concern on the safety of commercial products. With the incorporation of modern sensing and communication technologies, this study contributes to the design and implementation of a new generation “Cold Chain” logistic system, with improved real-time monitoring/control, feasibility, and reliability. In our design, ZigBee wireless sensor network is deployed for the sensing and collecting of target data, such as temperature. Collected data is then routed, via 3G network, to server located at the administration center. Operators can have access to the real-time status of cargo at any point of the delivery process, and be alerted by the system according to certain preset conditions. We had achieved a fully functional prototype system. Operator can react immediately upon the reception of system alarm. The frequency of report messages can be set according to the particular need of goods in process. Our measurement reveals that 3G network can achieve reliability of 98.8% in typical applications. In addition, we also apply the technique of finite state machine in the design of our system, which leads to higher reliability and lower the manpower requirement in system management.

博士
國立交通大學
工業工程與管理系所
103
Cold chain management is of importance for manufacturers in the food industry since they face the dilemma of having to choose between frozen storage and cool storage in delivering products to retailers or end-consumers. Frozen storage incurs high-energy consumption for the preservation of food products, whereas cool storage involves the constant threat of bacterial decay. Contemporary cold chain development in temperature control tends to focus on single logistic chain rather than serving multiple channels. In order to overcome the aforementioned deficiency, this study proposes an innovative cold chain time-temperature indicator (TTI) system, which uses wireless sensors for the collection of temperature data and implements the formulation of Critical Control Point (CCP) criteria throughout the entire delivery process. Basically, this approach is based on an Internet-of-Things (IoT) architecture as well as international food standards named ISO 22,000. In particular, the proposed IoT solution embedded service design thinking was applied to a prestigious food franchise in Taiwan to help this company switch a number of products from frozen storage to cool storage. The proposed framework expected can efficiently increase product sales, distribution channels, and effectively reduce energy consumption.

碩士
正修科技大學
電機工程研究所
106
This study provides an IoT system applied for the after-sales maintenance monitoring of refrigeration unit in cold-chain transportation. This system includes an intelligent monitoring module, an user system and a manufacturer system. the monitoring module controlled by the Arduino, can monitor the operation state of detached refrigeration units and collect the data, which can be transmitted to the user system and the manufacturer system by the wireless communication technology. Especially, the monitoring module can send the short messages of maintenance appointment or instant failure to the maintenance engineers via 3G network when the refrigeration unit is malfunction or the time of maintenance is up. Furthermore, the maintenance engineers can search the specific information of customers equipment from the database of manufacturer system and evaluate the equipment in order to arrange maintenance time to maintain the equipement operation in maxium efficiency as well as promoting quality of service. Moreover, the system can be apply to any brand of detached refrigeration unit and offer manufacturer to have a mechanism of protection. This system can overall enhance after-sales service and reach the goal of proactive service.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
系統工程暨造船學系
98
Improper temperature control for cold or frozen storage food may lead to food spoiling and cause food borne poisoning event. Thus, ensuring food quality through “Cold Chain” become a valued subject. Also, a complete monitoring in “Cold Chain” is an important target to ensure good qualities. In this study, WSN（Wireless Sensor Network）, GPS and GSM\GPRS technologies are utilized to contribute a real-time monitoring system able to query the temperature, location, in storing, distribution and check & accept process. In distribution, WSN was utilized to monitor environment temperature. During distributing process, WSN, GPS and GSM\GPRS technology are integrated into a motive monitoring equipment to monitor the whole temperature and location information. The whole process monitoring can ensure good qualities and fulfill the request of “Cold Chain”.

碩士
輔仁大學
生命科學系碩士班
98
Abstract Groupers are the sub-tropical and tropical fish. The importance of cultivation in Taiwan and Southeast Asia is tremendous. The groupers is fresh and delicious and the production is increasing year by year yet short in supply.Due to the high density of cultivation methods, it has led to the existence and spread of some diseases. In recent years, marine fish nervous necrosis virus has been identified as one of the most severe virus to the infantile fish. In 1986, viral nervous necrosis disease was first discovered on the Oplegnathus fasciatus of Nagasaki in Japan. Researchers today are still unable to fully understand the mechanism of NNV infection. Viral infection of groupers in southern Taiwan outbroke the first time in 1994, resulting in up to 90% infantile death. Nervous necrosis virus transmits the disease not only by a horizontal mode, but also carries on to the next generation in a vertical mode. In the treatment of nervous necrosis virus to the mother fish is then becoming very important in preventing the infection by vertical spreading to the next generation, which could result in a large number of infantile death. Ozone cleaning and disinfecting the fertilized eggs are the current method to prevent the viral nervous necrosis disease, which have reduced the incidence of the disease. Although the method could reduce the death rate, once the infantile fish is infected, it would cause a massive infection and death. Tossing the medication directly to the pond cannot be a proper way to treat the viral diseases. The main direction in researching to fight against the necrosis would be undergoing immunization. In the larval stage, fish immune system has not yet fully developed, active immunization cannot be used to prevent pathogen infection. Passive immunity at this time is the best way to solve the problem. We have produced the mouse monoclonal antibody of anti-nervous necrosis virus which has been cloned the anti-nervous necrosis virus mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) heavy chain and light chain gene in our laboratory. In this study, we've designed the specific primers, and amplified the anti-nervous necrosis virus mouse immunoglobulin light chain and heavy chain genes by polymerase chain reaction. The amplified DNA fragments were cleaved by restriction enzymes and inserted into pET20b(+) expression vector. The obtained anti-NNV-heavy chain and anti-NNV-light chain expression plasmids were transformated into Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)pLysS to express anti-NNV-heavy chain recombinant protein with 469 amino acids and anti-NNV-light chain recombinant protein with 234 amino acids. The IPTG-induced recombinant proteins were purified by affinity chromatography through nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) agarose column via 6-histidines on its C-terminal. By SDS-PAGE analysis, the molecular mass of the purified recombinant proteins were 26 kDa and 52 kDa, which is consistent with our expectation. The purpose of this study is to advance the expression and purification of the IgG heavy chain and light chain recombinant proteins, and then to experiment on the possibility of reducing the death rate by reducing the infection.