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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cold Isostatic Pressing

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Academic literature on the topic 'Cold Isostatic Pressing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cold Isostatic Pressing"

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Yang, H. C., J. K. Kim, and K. T. Kim. "Rubber isostatic pressing and cold isostatic pressing of metal powder." Materials Science and Engineering: A 382, no. 1-2 (September 2004): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2004.04.056.

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KANDA, Takeshi. "Cold and Hot Isostatic Pressing." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 89, no. 817 (1986): 1348–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.89.817_1348.

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Du, Yan Ying, Yu Sheng Shi, and Qing Song Wei. "Finite Element Simulation of Combined Forming of Selective Laser Sintering and Cold Isostatic Pressing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 26-28 (June 2010): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.26-28.60.

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Selective Laser Sintering could manufacture high complex metal parts in short time but with high porosity and low strength. The components from Cold Isostatic Pressing have excellent performance with uniform organizational structure, high size precision, and high density. It, however, could not form high complex parts because of the difficulties of bag manufacture. So it will be a good method to combine Selective Laser Sintering and Cold Isostatic Pressing to make complicated metal parts. In this paper, the specimens of stainless steel were made by the combined Selective Laser Sintering and Cold Isostatic Pressing forming route. And the simulation of Cold Isostatic Pressing was carried out by finite element method and Drucker-Prager-Cap constitutive model in ABAQUS/Explicit computer program. The property of metal powder was measured by experiments. The effects of bag on Cold Isostatic Pressing have been discussed. It is different from the Cold Isostatic Pressing of metal powder that the bag has little influence on both shape and size of the specimen. The results of simulation show a good agreement between the experimental results and the calculated results. The simulation can give a useful direction to dimension and shape designs of the combined forming of Selective Laser Sintering and Cold Isostatic Pressing.

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Kim, H. G., H. M. Lee, and K. T. Kim. "Near-Net-Shape Forming of Ceramic Powder Under Cold Combination Pressing and Pressureless Sintering." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 123, no. 2 (January 15, 2001): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1354991.

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Near-net-shape forming of zirconia powder was investigated under the combination of cold die and isostatic pressing and pressureless sintering. A combination pressing technique, i.e., die compaction under cold isostatic pressing, allowed the forming of a complex shaped ceramic powder body with better dimensional control than that achieved by cold isostatic pressing and more uniform density distribution than that by die pressing. The constitutive models proposed by Kim and co-workers were implemented into a finite element program (ABAQUS) to simulate densification of ceramic powder under cold compaction and pressureless sintering. Finite element calculations were compared with experimental data for density distribution and deformation of zirconia powder compacts under cold combination pressing and pressureless sintering. Finite element results agreed well with experimental data.

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Gao, Hong Xia, Meng Wang, Jiang Lei Fan, Shen Wu, Yan Wang, and Ying Li. "The Effect of Cold Isostatic Pressing on the Microstructure and Properties of Aluminium Matrix Composite Reinforced with Nano/Micro SiC Particles." Key Engineering Materials 815 (August 2019): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.815.167.

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Nano sized of 4wt.% and micro sized of 15wt.% SiC particles reinforced aluminum mental matrix composites fabricated by powder metallurgy vacuum hot pressing sintering were treated by cold-isostatic pressing. The effects of cold isostatic pressing on microstructure, density, hardness and wear resistance were investigated and analyzed. The experimental results showed that in the composites reinforced with hybrid SiC particles after cold isostatic pressing treatment, the agglomeration phenomenon and overlap phenomenon around the micron SiC particles disappeared and the surrounding defects were obviously improved, the grains were flattened, and the material was more densely. The composite is characterized by abrasive wear.

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SHI, XIAOLIANG, GANGQIN SHAO, XINGLONG DUAN, and RUNZHANG YUAN. "RESEARCH ON SHAPING TECHNOLOGY OF NANOCOMPOSITE WC-6Co POWDER AND PROPERTIES OF SINTERED COMPACTS." International Journal of Nanoscience 05, no. 02n03 (April 2006): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x06004292.

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The influences of powder extrusion molding (PEM), die pressing and cold isostatic pressing (CIP) on the green compacts and the sintered compacts of nanocrystalline WC-6 Co composite powder produced by spray pyrogenation-continuous reduction and carburization technology were researched. The results showed that the pore volume distribution, density and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphologies of fractured surface of powder extrusion molding or die pressing followed by the cold isostatic pressing consolidation green compacts were better than that of powder extrusion molding or die pressing. The green compacts were sintered by using vacuum sintering plus hot isostatic pressing (HIP), the sintered specimens were characterized by testing density, Rockwell A hardness, saturated magnetization, coercivity force, transverse rupture strength (TRS) and atomic force microscope (AFM) images, the results showed that sintered specimen of the green body that prepared by powder extrusion molding or die pressing followed by cold isostatic pressing had excellent properties of high strength and high hardness, transverse rupture strength of sintered specimen was more than 3100 MPa, Rockwell A hardness of sintered body was more than 93. Ultrafine WC-6 Co cemented carbide rods with excellent mechanical properties and fine microstructure were obtained.

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Henderson, R. J., H. W. Chandler, A. R. Akisanya, H. Barber, and B. Moriarty. "Finite element modelling of cold isostatic pressing." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 20, no. 8 (July 2000): 1121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0955-2219(99)00280-0.

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Matuła, Izabela, Grzegorz Dercz, Maciej Zubko, Joanna Maszybrocka, Justyna Jurek-Suliga, Sylwia Golba, and Izabela Jendrzejewska. "Microstructure and Porosity Evolution of the Ti–35Zr Biomedical Alloy Produced by Elemental Powder Metallurgy." Materials 13, no. 20 (October 13, 2020): 4539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204539.

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In the present study, the structure and porosity of binary Ti–35Zr (wt.%) alloy were investigated, allowing to consider powder metallurgy as a production method for new metallic materials for potential medical applications. The porous Ti–Zr alloys were obtained by milling, cold isostatic pressing and sintering. The pressure during cold isostatic pressing was a changing parameter and was respectively 250, 500, 750 and 1000 MPa. The X-ray diffraction study revealed only the α phase, which corresponds to the Ti–Zr phase diagram. The microstructure of the Ti–35Zr was observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. These observations revealed that the volume fraction of the pores decreased from over 20% to about 7% with increasing pressure during the cold isostatic pressing. The microhardness measurements showed changes from 137 HV0.5 to 225 HV0.5.

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Kim, K. T., J. H. Cho, and J. S. Kim. "Cold Compaction of Composite Powders." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 122, no. 1 (July 16, 1999): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.482775.

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Densification behavior of composite powders was investigated under cold compaction. Experimental data were obtained for mixed copper and tungsten powders with various volume fractions of tungsten powder under cold isostatic pressing and die compaction. A model was also proposed for densification of mixed—soft and hard—metal powders under cold compaction. Theoretical predictions from the proposed model and models in the literature were compared with experimental data. The agreements between experimental data and theoretical predictions from the proposed model are very good for composite powders at initial stage under cold isostatic pressing. Theoretical predictions, however, underestimate experimental data under cold die compaction. [S0094-4289(00)01901-0]

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Al Bakri, A. M. Mustafa, Mohd Noor Ahmad Fauzi, H. Kamarudin, M. N. Norazian, M. A. A. Salleh, and A. Alida. "Mechanical Properties of ZTA Composite Using Cold Isostatic Pressing and Uniaxial Pressing." Advanced Materials Research 740 (August 2013): 728–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.740.728.

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Alumina-zirconia composite is an engineering material with a great potential to be develop for application as high temperature resistance structural material. In this research, zirconia toughness alumina (ZTA) was produced by physical interaction between Al2O3powder and Y2O3-ZrO2powder. Two composition of powder with different Al2O3: Y2O3-ZrO2ratio was used, 70:30 and 80:20 by weight. Two different compaction methods, i.e. uniaxial pressing and cold isostatic pressing (CIP) with a maximum load of 150 MPa were used in this research to investigate the differences in properties of composites. Sintering process was done at four different temperatures with the heating rate is 5 o C/ min with a soaking time of five hours. Mechanical testing, i.e. compressive strength and hardness was performed to all samples. The microstructure analysis using a Scanning Electron Microscope SEM was also studied. From the result, the composite with the ratio of 70:30 showed better mechanical properties as compared to 80:20 composite. Addition of zirconia in the composite gave an increased in toughness due to transformation toughening mechanism of tetragonal to monoclinic phase. As a conclusion the composites produced high compaction green density will improved the sintering process, resulting in improved mechanical properties.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cold Isostatic Pressing"

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Derguti, Fatos. "Low cost route to compaction of Ti-6A1-4v powders using cold and hot isostatic pressing." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509794.

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Gajdowski, Caroline. "Élaboration de spinelle MgAl2O4 transparent par frittage naturel et post-HIP pour des applications en protections balistiques." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018VALE0022/document.

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Cette étude s’intéresse à l’amélioration et l’allégement des protections balistiques transparentes. L’utilisation conventionnelle de verre assure une haute efficacité face à un projectile, cependant associée à une masse élevée et à une forte épaisseur du blindage. Le remplacement de la face avant par une céramique polycristalline, telle que le spinelle MgAl2O4, assure un gain de performance et une réduction du volume de l’assemblage. L’élaboration de ce matériau requiert la combinaison d’une haute qualité optique dans le domaine du visible et de propriétés mécaniques élevées. Dans ce travail, l’application d’un frittage naturel sous vide d’une poudre commerciale de haute pureté a permis de limiter l’introduction d’impuretés néfastes à la transparence et la croissance granulaire. Une étape supplémentaire de pressage isostatique à chaud s’est montrée nécessaire à l’élimination des pores résiduels et à l’obtention de spinelles transparents de haute qualité optique (80% à 400-800 nm, e = 2 mm, Ø21 mm). Une étude de la microstructure avant et après post-traitement a permis de mettre en relation la taille des grains et des pores avant post-frittage avec la croissance granulaire observée pendant ce traitement. Une optimisation du procédé a ainsi pu être mise en place afin de limiter l’augmentation de la taille des grains et obtenir une microstructure homogène (~ 12 μm). Après un changement des dimensions des échantillons réussi (e = 4 mm, Ø60 mm), différents spinelles à propriétés microstructurales et mécaniques distinctes ont été sélectionnés pour une évaluation en conditions balistiques
This work focuses on the improvement and the lightening of transparent ballistic armours. The conventional use of glass provides high efficiency against a projectile, however associated with a heavy and thick armour. The replacement of the strike face by a polycrystalline ceramic, such as MgAl2O4 spinel, leads to a performance gain and a decrease of the protection volume. The development of this material requires the combination of a high optical quality in the visible domain and high mechanical properties. In this work, pressureless sintering under vacuum of a high purity commercial powder allowed to minimize the addition of impurities, detrimental to the transparency, and the grain growth phenomenon. An additional step of hot isostatic pressing was necessary to eliminate residual porosity and to obtain transparent spinel with high optical quality (80% at 400-800 nm, t = 2 mm, Ø21 mm). An analysis of the microstructure before and after the post-treatment made it possible to determine the link between the grain and pore sizes before post-sintering and the observed grain growth during this treatment. An optimisation of the process was established in order to restrain the grain size increase, and thus to obtain a homogeneous microstructure (~ 12 μm). After a successful up-scaling of the samples (t = 4 mm, Ø60 mm), several spinel samples with distinctive microstructural and mechanical properties were selected in order to evaluate their performances through ballistic tests

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Chua, Allison Sueyi. "Development of Aluminum Powder Metallurgy Alloys for Aerospace Applications." 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/47619.

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Currently, there is a high demand for lightweight aerospace materials, driven by the desire to provide enhanced fuel efficiency by reducing vehicular weight. Aluminum alloys are attractive due to their excellent mechanical properties and high strength to weight ratios. Powder metallurgy (PM), which converts metal powder into a high performance product, presents an alternative to traditional forming techniques, which are often unable to provide adequate dimensional tolerances. The challenge is to determine if aluminum PM alloys and technologies can be successfully employed within aerospace applications. This research focuses on the PM processing technologies (die compaction, cold isostatic pressing (CIP), and spark plasma sintering (SPS)) of two alloys, PM2024 and PM7075. Processing parameters were assessed using attributes such as density, hardness, and tensile properties. Both powders showed comparable densities and tensile properties to their wrought equivalents. Ultimately, the groundwork was laid for future research into these alloys and their processing methods.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cold Isostatic Pressing"

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Naoi, Toshikatsu, Noriyuki Nakai, and Takeshi Kanda. "Recent Trends in Cold Isostatic Pressing." In Hot Isostatic Pressing— Theory and Applications, 573–79. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2900-8_78.

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Ittner, Helmut. "Cold Isostatic Pressing with the RTS System." In Materials & Equipment/Whitewares: Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings, Volume 7, Issue 11/12, 1391–405. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470320365.ch31.

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Tan, Chou Yong, S. Ramesh, A. S. Hamdi, and I. Sopyan. "Sinterability Of Hydroxyapatite Compacts Prepared By Cold Isostatic Pressing For Clinical Applications." In 3rd Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering 2006, 137–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68017-8_35.

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Morris, K. J. "Cold Isostatic Pressing." In Concise Encyclopedia of Advanced Ceramic Materials, 84–88. Elsevier, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-034720-2.50031-9.

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"Cold Isostatic Pressing." In Powder Metallurgy, 255–59. ASM International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006074.

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Govindarajan, R. M., and N. Aravas. "Finite Element Analysis of Cold- and Hot-Isostatic Pressing." In Hot Isostatic Pressing '93, 29–36. Elsevier, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-89959-0.50008-6.

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Shen, F. M., and T. H. Aizawa. "Finite element analysis of cold isostatic pressing with consideration of cracking." In Powders and Grains 2001, 619–22. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077497-152.

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Curkovic, L., and M. Lalic. "Indentation Size Effect of Al2O3 Ceramics Made by Cold Isostatic Pressing and Slip Casting." In DAAAM International Scientific Book 2008, 249–56. DAAAM International, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2507/daaam.scibook.2008.22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cold Isostatic Pressing"

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Esaki, Y., T. Matsushima, and C. Adachi. "Compression of Organic Thin-films by Cold Isostatic Pressing for Enhanced Device Properties." In 2017 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2017.b-1-04.

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Indla, Srinivas, Arout Chelvane, and Dibakar Das. "Magnetic and magneto elastic properties of cobalt ferrite ceramic compacted through cold isostatic pressing." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER AND APPLIED PHYSICS (ICC 2015): Proceeding of International Conference on Condensed Matter and Applied Physics. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4946551.

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Ramudu, M., and D. M. Rajkumar. "Role of aging time on the magnetic properties of Sm2Co17 permanent magnets processed through cold isostatic pressing." In DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2017. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5029120.

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Awano, Toshihiko, Takeshi Kanno, Susumu Kawakami, Hiroyoshi Ueda, and Takahiro Kimoto. "Manufacturing and Handling Techniques of the Monolithic Buffer Material for HLW Disposal." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1293.

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Abstract Small and large scale tests were performed to evaluate technical feasibility of the monolithic buffer material, defined as a large block of bentonite formed by the cold isostatic pressing, for geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Trial manufacturing tests up to approximately 70 [%]-scale of a Japanese disposal concept were carried out and emplacement tests were carried out by vacuum lifting and forklift-type methods for vertical and horizontal emplacement concepts, respectively. Based on the large engineering-scale tests, technical feasibility of the monolithic buffer was demonstrated.

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Burakov, B., V. Gribova, A. Kitsay, M. Ojovan, N. C. Hyatt, and M. C. Stennett. "Synthesis of Crystalline Ceramics for Actinide Immobilisation." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7047.

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Methods for the synthesis of ceramic wasteforms for the immobilization of actinides are common to those for non-radioactive ceramics: hot uniaxial pressing (HUP); hot isostatic pressing (HIP); cold pressing followed by sintering; melting (for some specific ceramics, such as garnet/perovskite composites). Synthesis of ceramics doped with radionuclides is characterized with some important considerations: all the radionuclides should be incorporated into crystalline structure of durable host-phases in the form of solid solutions and no separate phases of radionuclides should be present in the matrix of final ceramic wasteform; all procedures of starting precursor preparation and ceramic synthesis should follow safety requirements of nuclear industry. Synthesis methods that avoid the use of very high temperatures and pressures and are easily accomplished within the environment of a glove-box or hot cell are preferable. Knowledge transfer between the V. G. Khlopin Radium Institute (KRI, Russia) and Immobilisation Science Laboratory (ISL, UK) was facilitated in the framework of a joint project supported by UK Royal Society. In order to introduce methods of precursor preparation and ceramic synthesis we selected well-known procedures readily deployable in radiochemical processing plants. We accounted that training should include main types of ceramic wasteforms which are currently discussed for industrial applications.

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Takatori, K., T. Honma, N. Kamiya, H. Masaki, S. Sasaki, and S. Wada. "Fabrication and Testing of Ceramic Turbine Wheels." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-142.

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Silicon nitride (Si3N4) radial inflow turbine wheels were fabricated by injection molding at Toyota Central R & D Labs. The wheel was 142mm in outer diameter and had 14 blades. The radial wheel was too bulky to manufacture as a homogeneous and defect-free body in one piece. It was divided into two pieces for injection molding and put together into one body by a cold isostatic pressing step after binder removal. Spin testing was executed at room temperature and the resulting photographs taken from three directions provided useful information about the fracture mode of the wheels. The maximum burst speed of the wheels at room temperature was 98,900 rpm, which corresponded to 145% of the design speed. In a hot rig test, one of the wheels survived 75,000rpm for ten minutes at a turbine inlet temperature of 1,050°C.

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Ohnsorg, R. W., and G. V. Srinivasan. "Development and Characterization of High Strength SiC Rotors." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-191.

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Sintered α-SiC (Hexoloy® SA*) turbine engine components have been fabricated by Carborundum for the Advanced Gas Turbine (AGT) Program and, more recently, for the Advanced Turbine Technology Applications Project (ATTAP) using three primary forming procedures — injection molding, cold isostatic pressing (CIP) followed by green machining, and slip casting. The near net-shape fabrication of injection molded AGT-100 radial rotors for the Allison Gas Turbine Division (AGTD) of General Motors Corporation and, more recently, AGT-5 axial rotors, has been demonstrated. The current emphasis at Carborundum is to refine the injection molding process, bringing it to a performance and reproducibility level sufficient for production needs. The process changes leading to increases in component strength from approximately 380 MPa (55 ksi) to 595 MPa (86 ksi) will be discussed, as well as investigation of the failure mechanism and proposed process modifications to enhance properties even further.

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Bobba, Dhanooj, Seyed A. Tabei, Miguel Pando, and Harish P. Cherukuri. "DEM As a Tool for Optimizing Powder Metallurgy Processes." In ASME 2020 15th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2020-8457.

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Abstract Powder metallurgy processes such as cold and hot isostatic pressing and powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing are being extensively used to produce metallic and ceramic parts due to several significant benefits these techniques provide, including reduction in wasted material, more precise handling of complicated shapes and requirement of fewer steps to achieve the final geometry and tolerance. Often the quality of the products obtained through these processes is greatly affected by the homogeneity of the feedstock powders used. But the presence of particles of different shapes and sizes in the powders may lead to inhomogeneous distribution which give rise to segregation of particles. In this study, discrete element method was used to investigate the degrees of segregation of a binary mixture in a cylindrical die with sharp stepped features. To study the effect of the composition of the binary mixture, three different mass ratios are considered in the study. In addition, vibrations are applied to the cylindrical die to increase the compaction of the particles in the stepped regions of the die. The effects of vibration amplitude and vibration frequency on the size segregation of the particles in the die are studied. At higher amplitude location dependent segregation patterns were observed.

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Gabrielsson, Rolf, and Göran Holmqvist. "Progress on the European Gas Turbine Program: AGATA." In ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-gt-362.

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The four-year European Gas Turbine Program “AGATA” was started in Jan 1993 with the objective to develop three critical components aimed at a 60 kW turbogenerator in an hybrid electric vehicle — a catalytic combustor, a radial turbine wheel and a static heat exchanger. The AGATA partners represent car manufacturers as well as companies and research institutes in the turbine, catalyst and ceramic material fields in both France and Sweden. This paper outlines the main results of the AGATA project for the first three year period. During the third year of the program, the experimental verification of the components has started. A high pressure/temperature test rig for the combustor and the heat exchanger tests has been built and is now being commissioned. A high temperature turbine spin rig will be ready late 1995. The turbine wheel design is completed and ceramic Si3N4 spin discs have been manufactured by injection moulding and Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP). A straight blade design has been selected and FEM calculations have indicated that stress levels which occur during a cold start are below 300 MPa. The catalytic combustor final design for full scale testing has been defined. Due to the high operating temperature, 1350°C, catalyst pilot tests have included ageing, activity and strength tests. Based on these tests, substrate and active materials have been selected. Initial full scale tests including LDV measurements in the premix duct will start late 1995. The heat exchanger design has also been defined. This is based on a high efficiency plate recuperator design. One critical item is the ceramic thermoplastic extrusion manufacturing method for the extremely thin exchanger plates another is the bonding technique: ceramic to ceramic and ceramic to metal. Significant progress on these two items has been achieved. The manufacturing of quarter scale prototypes is now in process.

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Bateman, Kenneth J., Richard H. Rigg, and James D. Wiest. "Hot Isostatic Pressing of Ceramic Waste From Spent Nuclear Fuel." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22199.

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Argonne National Laboratory has developed a process to immobilize waste salt containing fission products, uranium, and transuranic elements as chlorides in a glass-bonded ceramic waste form. This salt was generated in the electrorefining operation used in electrometallurgical treatment of spent Experimental Breeder Reactor-II fuel. The ceramic waste process culminated with a hot isostatic pressing operation. This paper reviews the installation and operation of a hot isostatic press in a radioactive environment. Processing conditions for the hot isostatic press are presented for non-irradiated material and irradiated material. Sufficient testing was performed to demonstrate that a hot isostatic press could be used as the final step of the processing of ceramic waste for the electrometallurgical spent fuel treatment process.

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