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Academic literature on the topic 'Colemanite'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Colemanite"

1

Bessmertnyy, V., M. Bondarenko, O. Puchka, et al. "THE STUDY OF DEHYDRATION OF COLEMANITE IN NON-ISOTHERMAL CONDITIONS." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 6, no. 3 (2021): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2021-6-3-97-106.

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The regularities of colemanite dehydration under non-isothermal conditions are investigated. It is established that colemanite, supplied to the Russian Federation from Turkey, has calcite in its composition. The chemical composition of colemanite is determined using the X-ray fluorescence analysis method. It is shown that the processes of dehydration of colemanite under non-isothermal conditions at a heating rate of 10 °С / min are accompanied by two endothermic effects at 660,7 K and 675,7 K with a total mass loss of 17,3 %. The rate of mass loss of colemanite from the temperature at heating up to 773 K, at which colemanite dehydrates and passes into the amorphous phase, is also studied. The regularities of changes in the rate of dehydration of colemanite are established. It is shown that the maximum values of the dehydration rate of colemanite are observed in the temperature range of 653–678 K. The activation energy of colemanite dehydration is determined to be 86,000 J/mol. Based on the experimentally obtained data, the rate constant of the colemanite dehydration process is calculated. The process of dehydration of colemanite is adequately described by the formal equation of kinetics. Most of the kinetic curve is adequately described by the resulting kinetic equation. It is proposed to describe the mechanism of dehydration of colemanite by a two-stage process, accompanied at the first stage by the removal of crystallization water, and at the second stage-by the removal of hydroxyl groups

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2

Ucbeyiay, Havvanur, and Alper Ozkan. "Effects of Some Multivalent Ions on Coagulation and Electrokinetic Behaviours of Colemanite Particles." Australian Journal of Chemistry 66, no. 1 (2013): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch12340.

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The effects of magnesium, barium, aluminium, and ferric cations as multivalent ions on the coagulation and electrokinetic behaviours of colemanite have been investigated in relation to pH and cation concentration. The zero point of charge for colemanite was determined to be at pH 10.2. The positive surface charge of colemanite increased in the presence of multivalent ions at pH values below the zero point of charge. Also, these ions changed the zeta potential of colemanite from negative to positive within the pH range 10.2 to 12. In the experiments, the coagulation of colemanite with ferric ions was more efficient than with the other ions and the effect of ferric ions varied considerably depending on the concentration and pH. The coagulation recovery values of colemanite suspension increased quickly up to 2.5 × 10–3 M concentration of ferric ions and the maximum value (~93 %) was obtained at a pH of 11.5. It was also found that the coagulation behaviour of the colemanite suspension in the presence of multivalent cations was in good agreement with the electrokinetic characteristics.

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3

Zhong, Jian Chu, Yun Xia Cui, Jun Zhu, and Hong Zhi Wang. "Preparation and Application of Colemanite Matrix Complex Flame Retardant." Materials Science Forum 852 (April 2016): 670–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.852.670.

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In this paper, stearic acid, titanate coupling agent (NDZ-311) and silane coupling agent (KH-570) were selected as modifiers to modify colemanite powder and the resulted products were characterized by XRD and FT-IR. The results show that the surfaces of colemanite particles were effectively modified by stearic acid and coupling agents. The modified colemanite /EVA composites were then prepared and the effect of coupling agent addition on the mechanical properties and flame retardancy of EVA composites was investigated. The EVA composite doped with 40% of modified colemanite (coupling agent accounting for 1% of colemanite mass) exhibits a tensile strength of 9.80MPa, a breaking elongation of 696.5% and a limit oxygen index of 29.6%. The complex flame retardant was obtained by means of grafting amine polyphosphate onto the surface of colemanite using polyphosphoric acid (PPA) and laurylamine as raw materials. The obtained product was analyzed by XRD and FT-IR. The EVA composite doped with 40% of the complex flame retardant has a tensile strength of 8.57MPa, a breaking elongation of 671.3% and a limit oxygen index of 32.6%.

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Kahraman, Merve, and Nilgün Kızılcan. "Investigation of flame retardancy properties of polypropylene-colemanite and intumescent flame retardant additive blends." Synthesis and Sintering 2, no. 3 (2022): 110–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2022.2397.

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Polypropylene (PP) represents a considerable proportion of polyolefins (PO) used in different industrial applications such as automobile components, textiles, packaging, insulation, medical devices, various housewares and household appliances due to its efficient cost, desirable mechanical, thermal and electrical properties, easy processability and recyclability. Because of its carbonaceous structure, PP is a highly flammable material with a LOI value of 18 that presents serious fire hazard. In this research, Intumescent flame retardant (IFR) and colemanite were added to polypropylene to compose 30% of the total mass of the polymeric compounds and the synergistic effect of colemanite with intumescent flame retardant (IFR) additive in PP was investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), glow wire test (GWT), UL-94 test and mechanical properties measurements. The LOI, UL 94 and glow wire test results showed that colemanite had a significant effect on flame retardancy and LOI value which can reach to 37.6 % with loading level of 2 wt.% colemanite at the total amount of flame retardant additives kept constant at 30 wt.%. Additionally, the PP/IFR compounds passed UL 94 V0 rating and both 750 °C and 850 °C glow wire tests and with 2-8 wt.% colemanite loading. According to TGA analyses, the results indicated that colemanite improved the thermal stability of PP/IFR compounds and also promoted the formation of char layer. When colemanite mineral added to polypropylene without IFR system, it has no effect on flame retardancy properties of polypropylene. When all properties have been taken into consideration, colemanite can be used up to 6 wt% in IFR.

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5

Sugozu, ilker, ibrahim mutlu, and Kezban Banu Sugozu. "The effect of colemanite on the friction performance of automotive brake friction materials." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 68, no. 1 (2016): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-04-2015-0044.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate use of colemanite (C) upon friction and wear performance of automotive brake lining. Brake lining production with the boron product colemanite addition and braking characterization investigated for development of non-asbestos organic (NAO) brake lining because of negative effects on human health and environmental hazard of asbestos containing linings. During the braking, brake lining is warmed up extremely due to friction, and the high temperature causes to decreasing of breaking performance. Colemanite has high melting temperature, and this makes this material valuable for brake lining. Design/methodology/approach – This study investigated the effect of colemanite (C) upon friction and wear performance of automotive brake lining. Based on a simple experimental formulation, different amounts of boron product colemanite were used and then evaluated using a friction assessment and screening test. In these specimens, half of the samples (shown with H indices) were heat treated in 4 h at 180°C temperature. Friction coefficient, wear rate and scanning electron microscope for friction surfaces were used to assess the performance of these samples. Findings – The results of test showed that colemanite can substantially improve properties of friction materials. The friction coefficient of friction materials modified with colemanite varies steadily with the change of temperature, and the wearing rate of friction materials is relatively low by using colemanite. Heat treatment-applied samples (CH) have provided a higher and stable friction coefficient. These results indicate that colemanite has ideal application effect in various friction materials. Originality/value – This paper fulfils an identified information and offers practical help to the industrial firms working with brake lining and also to the academicians working on wear of materials. Parallel results have been presented between previously reported and present study, in view of brake characteristics and wear resistance. Use of the lower cost and productive organic sources of material are the main improvement of the present study.

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Kantiranis, N., A. Filippidis, M. Stamatakis, E. Tzamos, and A. Drakoulis. "A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE COLEMANITE-RICH TUFF LAYER FROM THE SOURIDES AREA, KARLOVASSI BASIN, SAMOS ISLAND, HELLAS." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 40, no. 2 (2007): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16717.

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Representative 3 kg sample of a colemanite-bearing tuffaceous layer from Sourides village of Samos Island have been investigated for its mineralogical and chemical composition using Light Microscopy, X-Ray Powder Diffraction and Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy methods. The studied sample contains 68 wt. % colemanite, consisting of 31.1 wt. % B203 and 28.4 wt. % CaO. The mineralogical and chemical composition of the sample, after calcination could produce a concentrate containing 43-44 wt. % B203, fulfill at least one of the commercial specifications for the calcined colemanite concentrates.

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Keskinkilic, E., S. Pournaderi, A. Geveci, and Y. A. Topkaya. "Use of colemanite in ferronickel smelting." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 55, no. 1 (2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb181009007k.

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Use of colemanite in metal-slag systems aims primarily to decrease the viscosity of slag and, therefore, achieve better metal-slag separation. Enhanced metal-slag separation is helpful to decrease the number of suspended metal/alloy droplets in slag, i.e. the physical losses. In the literature, successful use of colemanite was reported both in steelmaking and copper matte smelting processes. Ferronickel smelting slags contain nickel in the range of 0.1-0.2% and correspondingly, metal-slag distribution ratio values of nickel are reported even above 200. On the contrary, nickel recoveries are hard to exceed 95%. This can be mostly attributed to the physical losses of nickel due to very high slag volume in ferronickel smelters; for 1 ton of ferronickel, 10-15 tonnes of slag are generated regardless of the type of the laterite, which contains significant quantity of gangue components. The authors thought that use of colemanite could be a solution to decrease physical losses. Therefore, the use of colemanite in ferronickel smelting was investigated in the present work. Laboratory-scale smelting experiments were conducted using calcined and prereduced laterites in a vertical tube furnace under different gas atmospheres. The amount of colemanite added was in the range of 0 - 2.5% of the total charge. The experiments were also performed using ferronickel and slag samples obtained from a ferronickel smelter.

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Gavrilova, N. D., A. M. Lotonov, and A. A. Antonenko. "Ferroelectric properties of colemanite." Inorganic Materials 42, no. 7 (2006): 777–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020168506070156.

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Gavrilova, N. D., A. M. Lotonov, and A. A. Kornilova. "Dielectric properties of colemanite." Inorganic Materials 44, no. 2 (2008): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020168508020167.

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Waclawska, I., L. Stoch, J. Paulik, and F. Paulik. "Thermal decomposition of colemanite." Thermochimica Acta 126 (April 1988): 307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(88)87276-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Colemanite"

1

Sozen, Gulgun. "The autocausticizing of sodium carbonate with colemanite." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25138.

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Autocausticizing, a new method to regenerate sodium hydroxide from the sodium carbonate, is intended to replace the conventional Kraft Recovery System which uses calcium hydroxide produced in a lime kiln for this purpose. It is defined as the self-induced expulsion of carbon dioxide bound in the smelt by using certain amphoteric oxides. Thus autocausticizing can eliminate the need for a lime cycle and hence reduce the Kraft process capital and operating costs. The reactions between sodium carbonate and a number of amphoteric oxides have been reported in the literature. Patents have been issued on the use of titanium dioxide, iron oxide and sodium borates for this purpose. The sodium borates have the advantage of a high reaction rate, but are totally soluble and must be carried throughout the whole Kraft cycle. In this research colemanite (calcium borate) which is mined as a cheap mineral in California and in Turkey was studied as an autocausticizing agent. Since it is partially soluble and most likely can be recycled, it would eliminate the problems associated with the use of soluble borates. Experiments were performed both isothermally and under constant heating rate conditions. Isothermal studies were made with Ti0₂, alumina and colemanite to compare their performances as autocausticizing agents at 900°C and 1000°C for various reaction times in an electric furnace. The second group of experiments was made using a differential Chermogravimetric (TG) analyzer. In these experiments mixtures with 20 to 80 weight percent colemanite in sodium carbonate were heated at a constant heating rate of 10°K/min in the range of 190-1000°C. The results indicate that two reaction were involved. Above the stoichiometric colemanite concentration the colemanite and sodium carbonate had reacted completely by a temperature of about 700°C. Above that temperature the impurities in the colemanite appeared to catalyze the decomposition of sodium carbonate if the colemanite concentration was less than the stoichiometric amount needed. TG data were analyzed for the first and second reactions between the temperature ranges of 190-700°C and 700-1000°C respectively. Kinetic models were developed In terms of the reaction order, activation energy and frequency factor. The first reaction was found to be zero order on sodium carbonate concentration. The results also showed that the activation energy and frequency factor were functions of the colemanite concentration in the mixtures. As a result the rate was affected by the amount of colemanite used. The same was true for the second reaction except the reaction was first order. The concentrations predicted for the isothermal tests by the model were compared with the results of the isothermal study for various colemanite concentrations. Reasonable agreement was found except for the values at lower conversions, which might be due to the Increased importance of the diffusion of CO₂ from the mixtures in the case of Isothermal runs. It was also found that it is possible to obtain conversions as high as 85 percent with 40 percent colemanite in 20 minutes. Promising results were obtained from the recycle tests as well.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of<br>Graduate

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Kahramansoy, Eylem. "Production Of Hexagonal Boron Nitride By Carbothermic Reduction Of Colemanite-boric Oxide Mixtures." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613595/index.pdf.

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Carbothermic production of hexagonal BN by using boric acid and ground colemanite mined from Bigadi&ccedil<br>Region in Turkey was investigated by subjecting pellets prepared from B2O3, activated carbon and colemanite mixtures to nitrogen gas at 1500&deg<br>C. Similar to CaCO3 addition, colemanite addition to the B2O3-C mixtures resulted in higher amounts of h-BN in the final products. As a result of the experiments conducted with colemanite and CaCO3 additions providing the same quantity of CaO to the initial mixtures, similar amounts of hexagonal BN in the reaction products were observed. As a result of the experiments conducted with different compositions of colemanite- B2O3- C mixtures, 5 wt % colemanite addition was determined to be the optimum composition giving the highest amount of hexagonal BN in the reaction products. Increasing duration of the experiments increased the amount and particle size of h-BN formed in the products. Optimum amount of colemanite addition resulted in higher amounts and coarser particles of h-BN in the products than the optimum amounts of CaCO3 addition.

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Erdogdu, Anil. "Dissolution Of Colemanite And Crystallization Of Gypsum During Boric Acid Production In A Batch Reactor." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605048/index.pdf.

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One of the most commonly used boron compounds, boric acid, is produced by dissolving colemanite (2CaO&times<br>3B2O3&times<br>5H2O) in aqueous sulfuric acid whereby gypsum (CaSO4&times<br>2H2O) is formed as a byproduct and must be separated from the main product. This process consists of two steps, dissolution of colemanite and formation of gypsum. The amount of boric acid formed depends on the first step, dissolution of colemanite. In the latter step, gypsum crystals are formed and stay in the reaction mixture to grow up to a size large enough to be filtered out of the solution. Filtration of gypsum crystals is a crucial process in boric acid production because it affects the purity and crystallization of boric acid. In this study it is aimed to investigate the effects of particle size of colemanite, stirring rate and reaction temperature on the dissolution of colemanite, gypsum formation and particle size distribution of gypsum formed in the reaction of boric acid production. Colemanite, sulfuric acid and distilled water were used as reactants for the boric acid production reaction in this study.The colemanite minerals were provided from a region of Emet, Kutahya, Turkey. Three types of colemanite minerals having different chemical composition and particle size were used. The sulfuric acid was supplied by Eti Holding A.S. Hisarcik 1 and Hisarcik 2 colemanites were crushed in a jaw crusher, ground in a hammer mill and then sieved. The sieve analysis was performed to learn the size distribution of Hisarcik 1 and Hisarcik 2 colemanite. Hisarcik 3 colemanite was brought from Emet Boric Acid Plant. The maximum diameter of the colemanite minerals was 150 &amp<br>#956<br>m. The experiments were performed at different particle sizes of colemanite (0-150, 0-250 and 250-1000 &amp<br>#956<br>m), temperatures (70- 90 &amp<br>#61616<br>C) and stirring rates (350-500 rpm). The photographs of gypsum crystals were taken. The boric acid and calcium ion concentrations were determined for each experiment. Also, the solid content of the solution in the reactor were measured. The dissolution of colemanite can be followed by monitoring the boric acid concentration change in the slurry. The crystallization of gypsum from the solution can be found from the calcium ion concentration in the solution. The crystallization kinetics of calcium sulfate dihydrate was studied. The growth of the gypsum crystals were examined under the light microscope and the particle size distribution of gypsum crystals were analyzed by of the laser diffraction instrument.

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Dervisoglu, Ozgecan. "Inferential Control Of Boric Acid Production System." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12608766/index.pdf.

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Inferential control of boric acid production system using the reaction of colemanite with sulfuric acid in four continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR) connected in series is aimed. In this control scheme, pH of the product is measured on-line instead of boric acid concentration for control purposes. An empirical correlation between pH and boric acid concentration is developed using the collected data in a batch reacting system in laboratory-scale and this correlation is utilized in the control system for estimator design. The transfer function model of the 4-CSTR system previously obtained is used in the MPC controller design. In the experiments done previously for the modelling of 4-CSTR system, it was observed that the reaction goes complete within the first reactor. Therefore, the control is based on the measurements of pH of the second reactor by manipulating the flow rate of sulfuric acid given to the first reactor, while the flow rate of colemanite fed to the system is considered as disturbance. The designed controller&rsquo<br>s performance is tested for set point tracking, disturbance rejection and robustness issues using a simulation program. It is found that, the designed controller is performing satisfactorily, using the inferential control strategy for this complex reacting system.

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Rusen, Aydin. "Usage Of Boron Compounds In Copper Production." Phd thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615560/index.pdf.

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Copper losses to slag are generally between 0.7-2.3% during the copper matte smelting stage. In this study, the aim was to reduce these losses in the slag phase. For this purpose, usage of some additives (especially calcined colemanite labeled as CC, boric oxide-B2O3 and calcium oxide-CaO as well) as flux material was investigated. The flash furnace matte-slag (FFM-FFS) obtained from Eti Copper Inc. and a master matte-slag (MM-MS) produced synthetically were used as starting materials. Additives were tested in various amounts under two different atmospheres (N2 and low Po2 obtained by mixture of CO2/CO gases). Temperature and duration were also used as experimental variables. Experimental results have indicated that 2 hours was sufficient to obtain a low copper content in slag about 0.3% and 0.4% for FFS and MS, respectively. It was also seen that the copper content in slag decreased with increasing CC addition at all oxygen partial pressures and at all temperatures. Furthermore, the addition of all additives up to 4% had great influence in lowering the copper content in the final slags (~0.3%Cu). From FactSage calculations, it could be concluded that the colemanite addition decreased the liquidus temperature which led to early melting of slag and allowed enough duration for settling of matte particles within the slag without substantial changing its viscosity, which resulted in less mechanical copper losses to the slag. By using colemanite in copper production, it was possible that a new application area for boron compounds which are produced in Turkey could be created.

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Yucel, Cakal Gaye O. "Dynamic Behavior Of Continuous Flow Stirred Slurry Reactors In Boric Acid Production." Phd thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605047/index.pdf.

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One of the most important boron minerals, colemanite is reacted with sulfuric acid to produce boric acid. During this reaction, gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate) is formed as a byproduct. In this study, the boric acid production was handled both in a batch and four continuously stirred slurry reactors (4-CFSSR&rsquo<br>s) in series system. In this reaction system there are at least three phases, one liquid and two solid phases (colemanite and gypsum). In a batch reactor all the phases have the same operating time (residence time), whereas in a continuous reactor all the phases may have different residence time distributions. The residence time of both the reactant and the product solids are very important because they affect the dissolution conversion of colemanite and the growth of gypsum crystals. The main aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic behavior of continuous flow stirred slurry reactors. By obtaining the residence time distribution of the solid and liquid components, the non-idealities in the reactors can be found. The experiments performed in the continuous flow stirred slurry reactors showed that the reactors to be used during the boric acid production experiments approached an ideal CSTR in the range of the stirring rate (500-750 rpm) studied. The steady state performance of the continuous flow stirred slurry reactors (CFSSR&rsquo<br>s) in series was also studied. During the studies, two colemanites having the same origin but different compositions and particle sizes were used. The boric acid production reaction consists of two simultaneous reactions, dissolution of colemanite and crystallization of gypsum. The dissolution of colemanite and the gypsum formation was followed from the boric acid and calcium ion concentrations, respectively. The effect of initial CaO/ SO42- molar ratio (1.00, 1.37 and 2.17) on the boric acid and calcium ion concentrations were searched. Also, at these initial molar ratios the colemanite feed rate was varied (5, 7.5, 10 and 15 g/min) to change the residence time of the slurry. Purity of the boric acid solution was examined in terms of the selected impurities, which were the magnesium and sulfate ion concentrations. The concentrations of them were compared at the initial molar ratios of 1.00 and 1.37 with varying colemanite feed rates. It was seen that at high initial CaO/ SO42- molar ratios the sulfate and magnesium ion concentrations decreased but the calcium ion concentration increased. The gypsum crystals formed in the reaction are in the shape of thin needles. These crystals, mixed with the insolubles coming from the mineral, are removed from the boric acid slurry by filtration. Filtration of gypsum crystals has an important role in boric acid production reaction because it affects the efficiency, purity and crystallization of boric acid. These crystals must grow to an appropriate size in the reactor. The growth process of gypsum crystals should be synchronized with the dissolution reaction. The effect of solid hold-up (0.04&ndash<br>0.09), defined as the volume of solid to the total volume, on the residence time of gypsum crystals was investigated and the change of the residence time (17-60 min) on the growth of the gypsum was searched. The residence time at each reactor was kept constant in each experiment as the volumes of the reactors were equal. The growth of gypsum was examined by a laser diffraction particle size analyzer and the volume weighted mean diameters of the gypsum crystals were obtained. The views of the crystals were taken under a light microscope. It was observed that the high residence time had a positive effect on the growth of gypsum crystals. The crystals had volume weighted mean diameters of even 240 &micro<br>m. The gypsum crystal growth model was obtained by using the second order crystallization reaction rate equation. The residence time of the continuous reactors are used together with the gypsum growth model to simulate the continuous boric acid reactors with macrofluid and microfluid models. The selected residence times (20-240 min) were modeled for different number of CSTR&rsquo<br>s (1-8) and the PFR. The simulated models were, then verified with the experimental data. The experimentally found calcium ion concentrations checked with the concentrations found from the microfluid model. It was also calculated that the experimental data fitted the microfluid model with a deviation of 4-7%.

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Sivrikaya, Osman. "Use Of Boron Based Binders In Pelletization Of Iron Ores." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613323/index.pdf.

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Bentonite is the most preferred silicate-based binder in iron ore pelletizing. However, it is considered as an impurity due to its high SiO2 and Al2O3 content. The iron-making economy is adversely affected by the addition of bentonite or other silicate-based binders. In recent years, impurity-free alternative binders have been tested in order to replace bentonite or to lower the bentonite dosage. Organic binders yield good quality green and dry pellets. However, they fail to impart enough mechanical strength to the preheated and fired pellets as a result of insufficient slag bonding. Thus, they have not found widespread application in the industry. The addition of boron compounds into pellet mix is proposed as a potential solution to overcome the insufficient compressive strengths of preheated and fired pellets produced with organic binders. During the experiments, some organic binders and boron compounds were tested as alternative binders to bentonite either alone or in combination, for both magnetite and hematite pellets. The performances of the tested binders on pellet qualities: balling, wet pellet moisture content, drop number, pellet compressive strengths (wet - dry - preheated - fired), dustiness, porosity, mineralogy, morphology, chemical contents, reducibility and swelling index have been compared with the performances of reference bentonite binder. The results of the tests showed that, the quality of pellets are insufficient when organic binders or calcined colemanite used as binder alone. The former failed to provide sufficient preheated and fired pellet strengths, the latter failed in terms of wet and dry pellet quality. However, good quality wet, dry, preheated and fired pellets could be produced with combination of these two binders. Calcined colemanite addition into pellets made with organic binders was tested in different dosages (0.25-1.00%). Results showed that with increasing dosage of calcined colemanite both strengths of preheated and fired pellets increased linearly. It was found that as low as 0.50% calcined colemanite addition equally-performed on magnetite fired magnetite pellets at 1300oC when compared with the performance of the reference bentonite binder. However, its performance was better on hematite pellets in order to improve the pellet compressive strengths. In addition, stronger pellets could be produced at lower firing temperatures like 1100oC with the addition of calcined colemanite. The reason of the improved preheated and fired compressive strengths of pellets bonded with calcined colemanite was due to the physical melting of calcined colemanite at the contact point of iron oxide grains during thermal treatment. It was found that bentonite bonded pellets fired at 1300oC were more reducible than those of produced with calcined colemanite addition. Swelling indices of these pellets were determined in the industrially acceptable limits. The chemical and mineralogical analyses results showed that the combined binders did not contaminate the pellet composition since the organic binders burnt-out without residue and colemanite does not contain much impurity.

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8

Toussidou, Asimoula. "Foraging behaviour of Aphidus colemani at different spatial scales." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397945.

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9

Robert, Pierre Emmanuel. "The arrestment response of the parasitoid Aphidius colemani to aphid honeydew." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7336.

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10

Valério, Elsa de Jesus Centeio. "Estudo da dinâmica populacional e caracterização da biodiversidade de afídeos, seus parasitóides e predadores em culturas hortícolas." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/22634.

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Com o objectivo de estudar a dinâmica populacional de afídeos e seus inimigos naturais em três culturas com importância económica, na região do Ribatejo e Oeste, nomeadamente, morango (estufa e ar livre)1 pimento (estufa) e tomate para indústria (ar livre), realizaram-se estudos entre 1998 e 2006. Os resultados permitiram identificar oito espécies de afídeos nas culturas em estudo, nomeadamente, Aphis craccivora, Aphis fabae, Aphis gossypii, Aphis ruborum, Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Myzus persicae e Pentatrichopus fragaefolii, sendo todas polífagas, com excepção de A. ruborum e P. fragaefolii. As espécies de parasitóides primários pertencem aos afidiíneos, nomeadamente, Aphidius colemani, Aphidius ervi, Aphidius matricariae, Aphidius sp., Ephedrus sp., Lysiplebus fabarum, Lysiphlebus testaceipes, Praon gallicum, Praon volucre e Trioxys angelicae e aos afelinídeos. Os afidiíneos do género Aphidius sp. foram aqueles que se mostraram mais activos a limitar as espécies de afídeos da cultura de pimento. A. gallicum foi pela primeira vez referenciado para Portugal. A percentagem de hiperparasitismo foi elevada em todas as culturas, tendo atingido mais de 70% nos anos 2002 e 2003 e mais de 30% em 20041 na cultura protegida de pimento. No grupo dos predadores identificaram-se sirfídeos, nomeadamente, Episyrphus balteatus, Eupeodes corollae, Meliscaeva auricollis, Melanostoma scalare, Paragus quadifasciatus, Sphaerophoria rueppelli, Sphaerophoria scripta, seis espécies de coccinelídeos, nomeadamente, Adalia bipunctata, Coccinella septempunctata, Hippodamia variegata, Propylea quattuordecimpunctata, Scymnus interruptus, Stethorus punctillum, Antocorídeos (Orius sp.), cecidomiídeos (Aphidoletes aphidimyza), crisopídeos (Chrysoperla carnea) e aracnídeos. O estudo genético-populacional permitiu a diferenciação de nove genótipos nas amostras de A. colemani. O genótipo dominante de A. colemani foi encontrado a parasitar quatro espécies de afídeos: A. craccivora, A. gossypii, A. ruborum e Myzus persicae. Para limitar afídeos com baixos níveis populacionais, o parasitismo parece ser a melhor opção a considerar, enquanto, para limitar espécies com taxas reprodutivas muito elevadas, deverão ser largados predadores. ⓿⓿⓿ ABSTRACT: With the purpose of studying aphid and their natural enemies, population dynamics in three crops of economic importance, in the Ribatejo and Oeste region, namely strawberry (greenhouse and field), sweet pepper (greenhouse) and processing tomato (field), studies were performed between 1996 and 2006. Results allowed for the identification of eight aphid species, namely Aphis craccivora, Aphis fabae, Aphis gossypii, Aphis ruborum, Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Myzus persicae and Pentatrichopus fragaefolii, ali of which are polyphagous with the exception of A. ruborum and P. fragaefolii. The primary parasitoid species identified were the aphidiines Aphidius colemani, Aphidius ervi, Aphidius matricariae, Aphidius sp., Ephedrus sp., Lysiplebus fabarum, Lysiphlebus testaceipes, Praon gallicum, Praon volucre and Trioxys angelicae and aphelinids. Parasitoids belonging to the genus Aphidius were the most active in the limitation of aphid species in sweet pepper crop. A. gallicum was reported for the first time in Portugal. Hyperparasitism rates were high, reaching over 70% in 2002 and 2003, and over 30% in 2004, in sweet pepper. Among the predator species identified, seven were syrphids, namely Episyrphus balteatus, Eupeodes corollae, Meliscaeva auricollis, Melanostoma scalare, Paragus quadifasciatus, Sphaerophoria rueppelli and Sphaerophoria scripta; six were coccinelids, namely Adalia bipunctata, Coccinella septempunctata, Hippodamia variegata, Propylea quattuordecimpunctata, Scymnus interruptus and Stethorus punctillum; and one species belonged to each of the families Anthocoridae (Orius sp.), Cecidomiidae (Aphidoletes aphidimyza) and Chrysopidae (Chrysoperla carnea). Some unidentified arachnids were also found. The population-genetics study allowed for the differentiation of nine genotypes among the A. colemani samples. The dominant A. colemani genotype was found parasitizing four aphid species: A. craccivora, A. gossypii, A. ruborum and M. persicae. For low aphid population densities, parasitism seems to be the best option to consider, whereas in order to control aphid species with high reproductive rates, predators should be released.

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Books on the topic "Colemanite"

1

Ozkan, Safak Gokhan. Flotation studies of colemanite ores from the Emet deposits of Turkiye. University of Birmingham, 1994.

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Yildiran, Dogan. The concentration of Turkish colemanite ore by attrition scrubbing and differential sizing. University of Birmingham, 1985.

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Castor, Stephen B. Borates in the Muddy Mountains, Clark County, Nevada. Mackay School of Mines, University of Nevada, Reno, 1993.

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Garrett, Donald E. Borates: Handbook of deposits, processing, properties, and use. Academic Press, 1998.

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Coleman, Les. Colemania. Hardware Gallery, 1995.

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Garrett, Donald E. Borates Handbook of Deposits, Processing, Properties, & Use. Academic Press, 1998.

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Garrett, Donald E. Borates Handbook of Deposits, Processing, Properties, & Use. Academic Press, 1998.

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Garrett, Donald E. Borates: Handbook of Deposits, Processing, Properties, and Use. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 1998.

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BIG, Dream. RONNIE COLEMANE WORKOUT LOG . Everybody Wants to Be a Bodybuilder, but Don't Nobody Wanna Lift No Heavy Ass Weight: Notebook Paperback. Independently Published, 2021.

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Book chapters on the topic "Colemanite"

1

Wie-Addo, G., A. H. Jones, S. Palmer, V. Starinieri, J. Renshaw, and P. A. Bingham. "Reformulating Ceramic Body Composition to Improve Energy Efficiency in Brick Manufacture." In Springer Proceedings in Energy. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63916-7_32.

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AbstractThe influence of inorganic minerals (colemanite and nepheline syenite) as additives for sustainable clay brick manufacture has been examined. Each additive was added at 4 wt% to 96 wt% brick clay and samples were fired to 950 °C and 1040 °C and then compared with samples of 100% brick clay. Multiple analytical techniques (X-ray fluorescence, dilatometry, boiling water absorption, volumetric shrinkage, and mercury porosimetry) were used for analysis. Dilatometry shows that the additives influenced the temperature at which shrinkage began and the extent of that shrinkage. The use of colemanite reduced the temperature at which the shrinkage began by 120 °C and nepheline syenite reduced it by 20 °C. A linear shrinkage in dilatometry of 1% (from the maximum expanded length) was achieved at 1000 °C for 100% clay, 875 °C for colemanite additions and 970 °C for nepheline syenite additions. However, for samples fired at 1040 °C for 2 h colemanite containing samples had significantly lower volumetric shrinkage and higher water absorption than 100% clay and nepheline syenite samples, suggesting the presence of higher amounts of open porosity caused by the decomposition of the colemanite on heating. Samples containing nepheline syenite had a lower volumetric shrinkage but also a marginally lower water absorption than the 100% clay. The further optimisation of these or similar additives could potentially provide energy saving opportunities and reductions in CO2 emissions for brick manufacturers.

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Moral, Cagatay, Tugba Basargan, and Gülhayat Nasun-Saygih. "Production of Apatitic Material Using Turkish Colemanite Mineral." In Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118371305.ch29.

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Ayok, T., N. Örs, E. Ekinci, and R. Tolun. "Reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand of Kestelek Colemanite by Chemically Enhanced Decrepitation." In Flash Reaction Processes. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0309-1_16.

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Alpaydın, Şükran Gizem, and Yeliz Yukselen-Aksoy. "The Effects of Colemanite and Ulexite Additives on the Geotechnical Index Properties of Bentonite and Sand-Bentonite Mixtures." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97112-4_174.

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Aghajanian, Ali, Carlos Thomas, Jose Sainz-Aja, and A. Cimentada. "Colemanite filler from wastes in recycled concrete." In The Structural Integrity of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Produced with Fillers and Pozzolans. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-824105-9.00007-x.

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Özkan, Ş. G. "Investigation of solubility parameters prior to processing of Kestelek colemanite." In Mineral Processing on the Verge of the 21st Century. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203747117-95.

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Alp, İ., and H. Özdağ. "Investigation of the processing of colemanite tailings by ultrasonic sound waves." In Mineral Processing on the Verge of the 21st Century. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203747117-121.

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Girgin, S., S. Yiğit, N. Acarkan, and A. A. Sirkeci. "Effect of thermal treatment on the removal of clay from colemanite." In Mineral Processing on the Verge of the 21st Century. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203747117-24.

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Gürer, C., and G. Selman. "Using tincal and colemanite wastes in bituminous hot mixtures as filler." In Bituminous Mixtures and Pavements VI. CRC Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18538-72.

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Conference papers on the topic "Colemanite"

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Kawai, Masayoshi, Masao Yonemura, Takashi Kamiyama, Koichi Okuno, and Koji Niita. "Development of Neutron Shielding Concrete Containing Colemanite and Peridotite." In Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Spallation Materials Technology. Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.28.081007.

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Özkan, Ş. "Investigation of solubility parameters prior to processing of Kestelek colemanite." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-104.

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Alp, İ., and H. Özdağ. "Investigation of the processing of colemanite tailings by ultrasonic sound waves." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-132.

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Girgin, S., S. Yiğit, N. Acarkan, and A. Sirkeci. "Effect of thermal treatment on the removal of clay from colemanite." In The 8th International Mineral Processing Symposium. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203747117-27.

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Uzun Duran, Selcen, Ümit Alver, Brunilda Mucogllava, Bilge Demirköz, and Fatih Özkalaycı. "Determination of neutron absorption rates of 5% colemanite, ulexite, B2O3 doped HDPE materials." In RAD Conference. RAD Centre, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21175/rad.sum.abstr.book.2022.24.3.

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Ciftci, Hasan. "DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMUM CONDITIONS FOR THE LEACHING OF COLEMANITE IN AMMONIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTIONS." In SGEM2011 11th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference and EXPO. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2011/s04.109.

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Payton Miller, Tracey L. "Evaluation of theAphidius colemani-Rhopalosiphum padibanker plant system in Oklahoma greenhouse production." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.111097.

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"Toxicity of Herbal Insecticides on Aphis gossypii and Its Natural Enemy (Aphidius colemani) in Laboratory and Greenhouse Conditions." In International Conference on Biological, Environment and Food Engineering. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c814054.

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Reports on the topic "Colemanite"

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Cozzi, A. D., D. R. Best, and M. M. Reigel. Analytical Results Of MOX Colemanite Concrete Sample PBC-44.2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1053585.

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Best, D., A. Cozzi, and M. Reigel. ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF MOX COLEMANITE CONCRETE SAMPLE PBC-44.2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1059387.

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Reigel, Marissa M. Analytical Results For MOX Colemanite Concrete Samples Received On November, 2013. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1111410.

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Reigel, M., and D. Best. ANALYTICAL RESULTS FOR MOX COLEMANITE SAMPLES RECEIVED ON JULY 22, 2013. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1132256.

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Reigel, M., and D. Best. ANALYTICAL RESULTS FOR MOX COLEMANITE SAMPLES RECEIVED ON JULY 22, 2013. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1090362.

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Cozzi, A., D. Best, and M. Reigel. ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF MOX COLEMANITE CONCRETE SAMPLE POURED MAY 4, 2012. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1043261.

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Cozzi, A., D. Best, and M. Reigel. ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF MOX COLEMANITE CONCRETE SAMPLES POURED AUGUST 29, 2012. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1053993.

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Best, D., A. Cozzi, and M. Reigel. ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF MOX COLEMANITE CONCRETE SAMPLES POURED AUGUST 29, 2012. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1059386.

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Reigel, M. ANALYTICAL RESULTS FOR MOX COLEMANITE CONCRETE SAMPLES RECEIVED ON JANUARY 15, 2013. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1132255.

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Reigel, M. ANALYTICAL RESULTS FOR MOX COLEMANITE CONCRETE SAMPLES RECEIVED ON SEPTEMBER 4, 2013. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1132257.

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