Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Colesteatoma da orelha média'
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Rosito, Leticia Petersen Schmidt. "Colesteatoma adquirido da orelha média : observações a propósito de 356 pacientes." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/110305.
Full textSilva, Maurício Noschang Lopes da. "Avaliação tomográfica da orelha contralateral de pacientes com otite média crônica severa." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/52952.
Full textIntroduction: Some studies indicate a bilateral tendency of chronic otitis media. It is believed that the contralateral ear (CLE) can provide evidences of the route of formation of ear disease in the major (most affected), be a parameter of Eustachian tube function and predict successful treatment. The CT scan is an excellent test to evaluate the structures of the temporal bone and the changes resulting from otitis media. Objective: To evaluate Temporal Bone Computed Tomography of patients with chronic otitis media and describe changes in the contralateral ear. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Evaluation of CT scans of 75 patients with chronic otitis media from Clinicas Hospital of Porto Alegre by a neuroradiologist. Results: Population was consisted of 50.6% males with a mean age of 36 years. We found 48% of changes in the tympanic membranes of the contralateral ears. About ossicular chain, there was 9.3% of changes in malleus, 10.7% in incus and 25.3% in stapes. Mastoid antrum were veiled on 28%. Conclusions: The prevalence of radiographic changes in the contralateral ears of patients with chronic otitis media corroborates with clinical, histopathological and functional resources that this disease has a bilateral feature.
Dornelles, Cristina de Carvalho. "Colesteatomas adquiridos : análise comparativa da perimatriz entre pacientes pediátricos e adultos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/6220.
Full textIntroduction: Cholesteatoma may occur either in children or in adults; in children, however, they have a more aggressive and extensive growth. Collagenases may play a role in this set. Objective: To compare, histologically, adults and children's cholesteatomas. Methods: A total of 74 cholesteatomas (35 of children) obtained from othologic surgeries were included. They were fixed in formol 10% and processed by usual histologic techniques. Two laminas were performed for each cholesteatoma, one stained with HE and other with Picrossisius. Images were obtained at the optic microscope and were digitally processed using Image Pro-Plus software. For statistical analysis were used Pearson and Spearman's correlation coefficient, t test and chi square test. The analysis was blind. Differences were considered statistically significant if P<0,05. Results: We obtained 74 cholesteatomas, but 17 (7 pediatrics and 10 adults) were excluded because of the absence of their matrix and perimatrix in the microscopic images. Mean age ± sd was 12,85 ± 3,63 in children and 33,69 ± 13,1 in adults. Histologically, mean number of matrix epithelial cell layers was 8 in both groups. Sixty percent of samples showed a moderate-to-severe inflammation. In the children group, 71,4% of samples contained fibrosis and, between adults, 62,1% contained it; granuloma appears in 10,7% and in 13,8%, respectively. The presence of simple cuboidal epithelium around the perimatrix was found in 29% of children´s and in 14 % of adult´s laminas. No statistical difference was found in these variables between the two groups (P>0,05). In the pediatric group, perimatrix mean thickness was 79 (41 - 259), median = 77 (40-265), sum = 1588 (831 - 5185), delta = 82 (44 - 248), minimum = 53 (16 - 165) and maximum = 127 (64 - 398). In the adult group, perimatrix mean thickness was 83 (26 - 174), median = 68 (30 - 265), sum = 1801 (558 - 3867), delta = 92 (45 - 190), minimum = 27 (12 - 100) and maximum = 136 (53 - 280). Spearman correlation coefficient showed an inverse weak correlation between the perimatrix thickness and age. There was also a moderate correlation between perimatrix thickness and the number of matrix layers, but there wasn’t a correlation between matrix layers and age. Conclusions: At the optic microscope, children´s and adult´s acquired cholesteatoma perimatrix appears as a dense conjunctive tissue of variable thickness. It exhibits an infiltrate consisting by plasma cells and lymphocytes and/or a granulation tissue and foreign body reactions. It is delimited at the profound plan by simple cuboidal epithelium. We found some evidence that there is an inverse weak-to-moderate correlation between the acquired cholesteatoma perimatrix thickness and the age of the patient at the occasion of surgery. The degree of perimatrix inflammation presents a moderate-to-strong correlation with the perimatrix thickness. Matrix and perimatrix thickness have a strong correlation.
Silveira, Netto Luciana Fick. "Impacto das otites médias crônicas supurativas na audição de crianças e adolescentes." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10851.
Full textIn chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), hearing loss is a marking and almost ubiquitous feature. It is estimated that the degree to which hearing is compromised is directly proportional to the damage caused to the structures of the middle ear. We believe that hearing thresholds may be influenced by factors such as the size and location of the tympanic perforation, presence of ossicular chain erosion or disarticulation as well as presence of cholesteatoma and its growth patterns. Objective: To compare air conduction thresholds, bone conduction thresholds and air-bone gaps between children and teenagers with chronic otitis media with (CCOM) and without cholesteatoma (NCCOM). Compare air-bone gap values between cholesteatoma’s growth patterns. Check the relation between number of perforated quadrants and size of air-bone gaps. Compare air-bone gap between tympanic perforations in posterior quadrants against those in anterior quadrants. Methods: Transversal study with 202 children and teenagers (287 ears), aged between 6 and 18, with chronic suppurative otitis media with or without cholesteatoma, submitted to digital videotoscopy and pure tone audiometry. Results and Conclusions: Air and bone conduction thresholds as well as air-bone gaps in children and teenagers with CCOM are significantly larger in all frequencies. There were no significative differences in air-bone gaps between epitympanic and posterior mesotympanic cholesteatomas. In NCCOM, gap value is positively correlated to number of quadrants with tympanic perforation. There was no significative difference between the airbone gaps in tympanic perforations affecting the posterior and anterior quadrants.
Dornelles, Cristina de Carvalho. "Angiogênese e metaloproteinases 2 e 9 : estudo comparativo entre colesteatomas adquiridos de pacientes pediátricos e adultos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/17782.
Full textCholesteatoma is an epidermal cyst with three distinct components: matrix, perimatrix and cystic content. The clinical significance of cholesteatoma lies in its association with potential intracranial complications due to bone destruction. Objective: To compare histological and immunohistochemistry analysis between pediatric and adult acquired. Methods: Cross-sectional study. The patients were divided in two groups, according to their age: 60 adults(>18 years old) and 60 children(until 18 years old). The cholesteatomas were fixed in formalin 10%. Five slides from each sample were prepared using standard histology techniques. Slides were analyzed according to average number of blood vessels (CD31), MMP2 and MMP9 positivity and thickness of the perimatrix. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Fisher's exact tests and Spearmann coeficient, with P values<0.05 considered significant. Results: Perimatrix thickness was 78(34-217); CD31 was 6(0-11), cytoplasmic MMP2 positivity was 0(0-2), nuclear MMP2 positivity was 0(0-1); MMP9 positivity was 2(0-4). Statistical difference, between children and adults, was found in perimatrix thickness(P=0.014); blood vessels(P=0.044); cytoplasmic MMP2(P=0.006), nuclear MMP2(P=0.056); MMP9(P=0.049). Conclusions: Pediatric cholesteatomas have a thicker perimatrix, a greater degree of inflammation, and produce more metalloproteinases than those of adult patients, we can suggest, with the combination of these factors, that cholesteatoma is more aggressive in children than in adults.
Silva, Denis Lessa da. "Estudo da orelha contralateral na otite média crônica : avaliação auditiva." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/67520.
Full textOtitis media (OM) is one of the leading causes of hearing loss in childhood. Due to its high prevalence and worldwide distribution, OM is still regarded as a public health issue. Nevertheless, few studies have assessed involvement of the contralateral ear (CLE) in patients with chronic otitis media (COM). To demonstrate the bilateral nature of COM, we designed three distinct studies, which focused on histopathology and anatomy, clinical findings and physiology (both previously published), and, finally, auditory function. Objective: To measure auditory function in the CLE in a sample of COM patients by means of air-conduction thresholds, bone-conduction thresholds, and the air-bone gap, and to compare CLE audiometry findings in patients with non-cholesteatomatous (NC-COM) or cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media (CCOM). Methods: This was a cross-sectional, contemporary and comparative study of 1000 patients with a diagnosis of COM. Clinical ear examination, video otoscopy, and pure-tone audiometry (PTA) were performed. Results: The overall prevalence rate of air-bone gap was approximately 40%, both in the total sample and after stratification by type of OM (393 [39.2%] patients overall, 279 [40.3%] in the NC-COM group, 113 [37.17%] in the CCOM group). Conclusions: As did clinical and histopathology findings in previous studies, audiological evaluation revealed a substantial prevalence of CLE involvement, providing evidence of the bilateral nature of COM.
Francesco, Renata Cantisani Di. "Correlação entre a morfologia craniofacial e doença da orelha média em adultos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-19022004-164620/.
Full textThere are thousand types of faces and each one is unique. Individual faces are the result from the combination of different kinds of maxillas, mandibles, and orbits. The face proportions, in children, are distinct of adult ones. Craniofacial growth and development depends on a diversity of factors, such as: genetic, metabolic, nasal breathing, teeth development, etc. The auditory tube is part of middle ear and extends from temporal bone to nasopharynx. It has a more horizontal position in children than in adults; therefore otitis media is more frequent in this age group. The type of cranial base and the displacement of the maxilla during craniofacial growth influence the growth of the auditory tube. The lower frequency of otitis media in adults relates to the development of auditory tube during craniofacial growth. So, there should be a correlation between caniofacial morphology and otitis media. The aims of this study are to correlate facial types and cephalometric measurement morphology to otitis media and suggest which measurements can be used as a prediction of the evolution of otitis media. Sixty-four patients, 18 to 40 years old, were selected from the Outpatient Center of the Department of Otolaryngology of the University of São Paulo Medical School. They were divided into two groups: 32 with otitis media and 34 controls. We excluded patients with personal or familiar history of cleft palate, previous buccal, maxillar, pharyngeal, facial or nasal surgery, orthodontic treatment or obstructive process of the auditory tube ostia. All subjects underwent to complete ENT physical examination, videotoscopy, fibernasalendoscopy and lateral cephalograms. Statistical analysis of the cephalometric measurements showed significant differences of cranial base; projection of maxilla and facial height, in patients with otitis media when compared to the control group or to the ideal measures of the harmonic face. There was no predominance of any facial type. The following measures were found to be predictive of the evolution of otitis media: N-S (anterior cranial base), N-S.Ba (angle between anterior and medial cranial base), PMax (projection of the maxilla) and N-ANS(superior anteior facial height).'
MELO, Antonio Antunes. "Efeito da Mitomicina C intratimpânica no desenvolvimento do colesteatona e da otite média em ratos." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2007. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/3224.
Full textIntrodução: O colesteatoma da orelha média é uma doença inflamatória crônica associada muitas vezes à destruição do osso temporal. Há bastante tempo é conhecida a possibilidade de indução de colesteatomas pela introdução de certos agentes irritantes na orelha média, como misturas de talco e fibrina ou quinino. O propilenoglicol foi, recentemente, considerado uma droga eficaz na indução experimental do colesteatoma e é bastante usada, atualmente, com este objetivo. A mitomicina C tem uma ação antiproliferativa sobre os fibroblastos e apresenta efeitos de diminuição do tecido cicatricial após as cirurgias otorrinolaringológica e oftalmológica. Objetivos: Determinar se a administração da mitomicina C poderia evitar que a exposição ao propilenoglicol induzisse na orelha média de ratos o colesteatoma e a otite média. Métodos: O estudo foi experimental controlado e pareado. Vinte e quatro ratos albinos da linhagem Wistar foram submetidos a um total de três injeções intratimpânicas a cada semana nas suas orelhas direitas (grupo controle) e esquerdas (grupo experimental). A solução injetada na orelha média direita continha 0,2 mL de propilenoglicol a 50%, 0,1 mL de sulfato de gentamicina (40 mg/mL) e 0,1 mL de soro fisiológico a 0,9%. A solução injetada na orelha média esquerda continha 0,2 mL de propilenoglicol a 50%, 0,1 mL de sulfato de gentamicina (40 mg/mL) e 0,1 mL de mitomicina C (0,5 mg/mL). Os animais foram mortos após dez semanas para exames otomicroscópico e de microscopia de luz. Resultados : Houve diferença com significância estatística entre os grupos controle e experimental, em relação ao espessamento da mucosa (p = 0,004) e à distribuição do espessamento da mucosa na bula timpânica (p = 0,038). Não houve diferenças com significância estatística entre os grupos controle e experimental, no que se relaciona à espessura da membrana timpânica (p = 0,371), à distribuição da espessura da membrana timpânica (p = 0,223), à distribuição da integridade da membrana timpânica (p = 0,219), à distribuição dos achados otomicroscópicos (p = 0,262), à presença do exsudato (p = 0,125), da fibrose (p = 1,000) e do colesteatoma (p = 0,687). Conclusão: A mitomicina C intratimpânica não foi eficaz para impedir na orelha média de ratos a formação de colesteatoma e otite média
Schmidt, Viviane Bom. "Comportamento audiológico de pacientes com timpanoestapedopexia e os achados da orelha contralateral." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/52953.
Full textLopes, Bunzen Mayer Débora. "Avaliação da resposta inflamatória da bula timpânica do biopolímero da cana-de-açúcar." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/2956.
Full textIntrodução: A membrana de biopolímero da cana-de-açúcar tem sido utilizada experimentalmente em diversas áreas. Na Otologia existe a possibilidade da mesma ser utilizada como enxerto, na substituição da fáscia do músculo temporal. Objetivos: Analisar os resultados da interação da membrana de biopolímero da cana-de-açúcar com a bula timpânica do rato, comparada com a fáscia autóloga. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado estudo experimental, prospectivo, pareado com 24 ratos Wistar. Na orelha direita foi inoculada a membrana do biopolímero da cana-de-açúcar, e na orelha esquerda, a fáscia autóloga. Os ratos foram sacrificados com 4, 8 e 12 semanas após a cirurgia. As bulas timpânicas foram submetidas à análise histológica descritiva e histomorfométrica. O índice de absorção dos materiais foi analisado. Resultados: A análise histomorfométrica obtida através das médias das mensurações da membrana timpânica e da espessura da mucosa foi semelhante em ambas as orelhas. A análise descritiva evidenciou que o biopolímero causou mais exsudato que a fáscia precocemente, porém após 12 semanas, não havia mais reação inflamatória. Houve absorção total do biopolímero em três casos ao final do experimento. Conclusão: O biopolímero tem a capacidade de produzir exsudato precocemente, comparado com a fáscia, mas isso não influenciou o resultado final. O biopolímero é biocompatível, sendo absorvido completamente na bula timpânica. A membrana do bipolímero da cana-de-açúcar apresentou características que a capacitam como enxerto futuro na cirurgia otológica
Silva, Daniela Preto da. "Repercussões da disfunção velofaríngea na orelha média de pacientes com fissura palatina corrigida." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15236.
Full textCampos, Ualace de Paula. "Função da orelha média e das curvas de crescimento nas respostas das emissões otoacústicas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5162/tde-22072011-141615/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: The Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions Input/Output function (DPOAE I/O function) is a subdivision of DPOAE, where the response amplitude is recorded such as a systematic growth function in the primary tones. The DPOAE I/O function provides specific parameters about the DPOAEs threshold and non-linearity. However, the response variability reduces the measure reliability to evaluate the cochlear robustness and the relationship between robustness and hearing thresholds. OBJECTIVE: This research studied the interaction between the tympanometric measures and cochlear functions measures in young adults without hearing complaints, considering the variables: middle-ear alteration antecedents, gender and right / left ear. METHODS: 69 normal hearing subjects, aged from 18 to 34 years participated of the study. From the total, 21 were men and 48 women. To reach the proposed objectives, the middle ear conditions were assessed by anamneses and 226 and 1000 Hz admittance probe-tone tympanometry. The audiometric thresholds were searched with 01 dBHL resolution to enable refined comparisons among pure-tone audiometry and DP-Gram amplitude and DPOAE I/O function thresholds. The gender and ear interference were also evaluated in all analyses. RESULTS/DISCUSSION: The results showed that the variables gender, antecedents and ear affected the I/O functions responses, but only the middle-ear alterations antecedents presented a constant modification pattern. In other words, the group with antecedents presented mainly reduced responses in comparison with no antecedents group. The audiometric thresholds also presented high correlation with DPOAE amplitudes and DPOAE I/O functions thresholds, after the detection of the variables affecting the results. As the background noise was controlled during this study, the results confirmed the importance of monitoring these variables in the normal hearing group compositions to perform researches with DPOAE. Regarding the DPOAE I/O functions (slope and threshold), the growth pattern was modified according the middle ear conditions, verified by the antecedents of middle ear alterations and 1000 Hz admittance probe-tone tympanometry. CONCLUSION: The DPOAE I/O function threshold studied presented positive correlation with audiometric thresholds and negative correlation with DP-Gram. The DPOAE I/O functions slope also showed high correlation with antecedents of middle ear alterations, denoting the potential value of this measure in the study of the healthy and damaged cochlear function and, hence, it possible application in amplification prescriptive measures
Flores, Daniel Meyne. "BRUXISMO E ALTERAÇÃO DE ORELHA MÉDIA: ESTUDO EM ESCOLARES DA REGIÃO OESTE DE SANTA MARIA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6534.
Full textNo Brasil se dá muita ênfase em saúde na utilização de uma metodologia de trabalho inovadora com a utilização de equipes multiprofissionais na prevenção. Porém, sabe-se que tal fato na realidade não ocorre. Nos programas de saúde coletiva os escolares são praticamente esquecidos. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi de verificar a presença de bruxismo e alterações timpanométricas em escolares e suas relações. Para tal utilizamos escolares da Escola Estadual Castelo Branco e da Escola Municipal Leduvina Rossi onde se elaborou a seguinte metodologia: Exames clínicos visuais e odontológicos para evidenciar o bruxismo, exames timpanométricos e questionários específicos para a criança, pais ou responsáveis e para os professores. Através de dados estatísticos observou-se que em relação ao bruxismo a probabilidade de aparecimento desta patologia na primeira escola é de 7,13 a 11,45% e da segunda escola de 17,31% a 35,43% sendo que o universo da região é de 9,05% a 13,47%. Os escolares mostram um perfil de comportamento satisfatório com relação à audição, sendo que 75% das crianças apresentam audição normal. Nossos achados não demonstram que os bruxômalos apresentavam alteração audiológica. Porém pode-se sugerir como hipótese que a não prevenção de alterações em parafunções odontológicas à audiológicas poderão levar a problemas graves nestes sistemas
Pereira, Maria Beatriz Rotta. "Determinação de prevalência de bactérias na efusão da orelha média de crianças submetidas à mmiringotomia." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/2907.
Full textBackground: The etiology of otitis media with effusion is still unclear but infective agents may contribute to its pathogenesis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been shown to have a superior ability in detecting bacterial species, when compared to conventional culture methods. The knowledge of the bacteriological epidemiology of otitis media with effusion in different geographical areas is crucial for the implementation of rational treatment in selected cases. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Alloiococcus otitidis in the middle ear effusion of children with recurrent otitis media and chronic otitis media with effusion undergoing miryngotomy, to compare the results obtained by culture and PCR, to compare the bacteriological findings in children younger and older than two years of age, and to determine the susceptibility to penicillin of the bacterial isolates. Methods: A total of 128 middle ear effusion samples from 75 children aged 11 months to 9 years and 4 months (mean = 34.7 months) were analyzed. Patients with recurrent otitis media had documented middle ear effusion for ≥ 6 weeks, and chronic otitis media with effusion for ≥ 3 months. Patients had no signs of acute otitis media or respiratory tract infection and were not on antibiotics. Aspiration was done through tympanocentesis with an Alden-Senturia trap. Bacteriological studies were initiated in less than 15 minutes after acquisition of the effusion and a part of the sample was stored frozen at -20oC for latter PCR analysis. Multiplex PCR methods for the detection of four pathogens were used. Statistical analyses were done using McNemar´s χ2 test, χ2 test with Yates’ correction, and Fisher’s exact test, when appropriate. Results: Bacteria were cultured in 32 (25.1%) of the 128 samples and the major pathogens were found in 25 (19.6%). A. otitidis was not detected by culture. PCR yielded positive for bacteria in 110 (85.9%) of the samples and these positive PCR results were: 67 (52.3%) for A. otitidis, 50 (39.1%) for H. influenzae, 16 (12.5%) for S. pneumoniae, and 13 (10.2%) for M. catarrhalis. All the culture-positive samples were PCR-positive but 85 (77.2%) of the PCR-positive specimens were culture-negative. PCR was significantly more sensitive than culture (P<0.01). S. pneumoniae was more frequently found in samples from recurrent otitis media when compared to chronic otitis media with effusion (P=0.038) and H. influenzae was more prevalent in children younger than two years when compared to the older group (P=0.049). The resistance to penicillin was: M. catarrhalis = 100%; S. pneumoniae = 62.5% and H. influenzae = 23% of the isolates. Conclusions: The prevalence of bacteria in otitis media with effusion in a group of Brazilian children is similar to that reported from other countries, and H. influenzae is the most frequently found microorganism among the main middle ear pathogens. This prevalence suggests that bacteria may play a role in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion. Also PCR is more sensitive in detecting bacteria in the middle ear effusion, compared to conventional culture methods, and is essential for the detection of A. otitidis. The high recovery rate of A. otitidis warrants further investigation of its role in initiating or prolonging middle ear disease. S. pneumoniae was more frequently found in recurrent otitis media compared to chronic otitis media with effusion and H. influenzae was more prevalent in children younger than two years of age. Pneumococcal and moraxella´s resistance to penicillin is similar to but hemophillus’ β-lactamase production is lower than that reported from other countries when bacteria isolated from middle ear effusion samples of otitis media with effusion were analyzed.
Lima, Marco Antônio Rios. "Análise dos fatores de risco do barotrauma da orelha média em pacientes submetidos à oxigenoterapia hiperbárica." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2013. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/13164.
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Introdução: O barotrauma da orelha média (BTOM) é o efeito colateral mais comum da oxigenoterapia hiperbárica (OHB). Objetivo: Analisar os fatores de risco do BTOM em pacientes submetidos à OHB. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo analítico prospectivo realizado em pacientes admitidos no Setor de Medicina Hiperbárica no período de maio de 2011 à julho de 2012. As avaliações ocorreram: antes da 1ª sessão, após a 1ª e 15ª sessões e após sessões com sintomas. Durante as avaliações foram realizados: otoscopia com Manobras de Valsalva e Toynbee, otoscopia pneumática, questionário específico, audiometria tonal, imitanciometria e testes de função tubária. Realizou-se ainda endoscopia nasal e tomografia computadorizada de ossos temporais em única ocasião. O BTOM foi graduado pela escala modificada de Edmonds. Resultados: Das 82 orelhas incluídas no estudo, 32 (39%) apresentaram barotrauma (BT) após a 1ª sessão. Das 45 orelhas com capacidade de auto-insuflação, 26,7% apresentaram BT; ao contrário das 37 orelhas sem essa capacidade, 54% BT. Achados de endoscopia nasal, imitanciometria e tomografia de mastoides não evidenciaram diferença significativa entre os grupos com e sem BT. Conclusão: Manobras de Valsalva e Toynbee positivas antes da 1ª sessão, isoladamente ou associadas foram fatores protetores para BTOM por orelha após a 1ª sessão. O teste de Toynbee positivo antes da 1ª sessão isolado ou associado ao teste de Valsalva positivo foi fator protetor para BTOM por orelha após a 1ª sessão. Não houve associação entre as manobras e testes de Valsalva e Toynbee com o BTOM por paciente. Não houve associação significativa entre antecedentes clínicos, otoscopia pneumática, desvio septal obstrutivo, hipertrofia de cornetos, tipo de curva de Jerger, área e volume da mastoide com o BTOM. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Introduction: The middle ear barotrauma (MEB) is the most common side effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Aim: To analyze the risk factors of MEB in patients undergoing HBOT. Materials and Methods: A prospective analytical study performed in patients admitted to the Department of Hyperbaric Medicine from May 2011 to July 2012. Assessments occurred: before the 1st session, after the 1st and 15th sessions and after sessions with symptoms. During the evaluations were performed: otoscopy with Valsalva and Toynbee maneuvers, specific questionnaire, tonal audiometry, tympanometry and tubal function tests. Held even nasal endoscopy and computed tomography of the temporal bones on one occasion. The MEB was a graduate of the modified Edmond’s scale. Results: Of the 82 ears included in the study, 32 (39%) had barotrauma after the 1st session. Of the 45 ears with capacity for self-inflation, 26.7% had barotrauma, unlike the 37 ears without this ability, 54% barotrauma. Findings of nasal endoscopy and impedance showed no significant difference between the groups with and without barotrauma. Conclusion: Positive Valsalva and Toynbee maneuvers before the 1st session, alone or associated were protective factors for BTOM by ear after the 1st session. The positive Toynbee test before the 1st session alone or associated with the positive Valsalva test was protective factor for BTOM by ear after the 1st session. There was no association between maneuvers and tests of Valsalva and Toynbee with BTOM per patient. There was no significant association between clinical history, pneumatic otoscopy, obstructive septal deviation, turbinate hypertrophy, Jerger curve type, area and volume of the mastoid with BTOM.
Castanho, Rosicler Moreno [UNESP]. "Escolares com malformação de orelha externa e/ou média: avaliação do desempenho escolar e dos comportamentos sociais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102232.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Os defeitos estruturais de orelhas externa, média e interna representam uma classe significativa de anomalias congênitas, pouco descrita em suas consequências sociais e de aprendizagem na infância. Em função disso, esta pesquisa compõe-se de dois estudos e tem, como objetivos, descrever o perfil de uma amostra de escolares que apresentam malformação de orelhas externa e/ou média, quanto aos aspectos sociodemográficos, audiológicos, cognitivos, comportamentais e de desempenho escolar e comparar o desempenho escolar, social e comportamental destes, sem e com malformação de orelhas externa e/ou média, sob a ótica de diferentes interlocutores, correlacionando os resultados dos instrumentos de avaliação utilizados em cada um dos estudos. O Estudo 1 foi realizado na Divisão de Saúde Auditiva (DSA), pertencente ao Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais (HRAC) da Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Após selecionados 44 escolares com malformação de orelha e idade entre sete e 13 anos, foram aplicados, nos mesmos, o Teste de Matrizes Progressivas Coloridas de Raven - RAVEN (Escala Especial e Geral) e o Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE), além do Questionário de Capacidades e Dificuldades (SDQ) para pais e professores. Os resultados mostram, dentre outros aspectos, o nível socioeconômico baixo desses escolares e que a DA condutiva foi bilateral, de grau moderado, para a maioria, com capacidade intelectual preservada e desempenho escolar inferior à média. O Estudo 2 ocorreu nas escolas de Bauru/SP e região e dele participaram sete escolares (GP) com malformação de orelha, selecionados do Estudo 1 e 14 escolares sem malformação de orelha, sendo sete escolhidos pelos professores (GPE) e sete sorteados (GPS). Aqui, foram aplicados, nos escolares, o TDE...
The structural defects of external, middle and inner ears represent a significant class of congenital anomalies, little described in their socials impacts as well as in the learning process in childhood. Thus, this research comprises two studies which aim at describing the profile of a sample of school children, with and without external and/or middle ear malformation, in terms of socio-demographic, audiological, cognitive and school accomplishment aspects, comparing their school, social and behavioral performances, from the view of different interlocutors, by correlating the results of the assessment instruments utilized in each study. Study # 1 was carried out at the Hearing Health Division (DSA), with the Craniofacial Anomalies Rehabilitation Hospital (HRAC), University of São Paulo - USP. Forty-four school children presented with ear malformation, in the age range 7-13 yrs, were selected to take the Raven´s test (Colored Progressive Matrices – Special and General Scales), and the SAT (School Accomplishment Test). The questionnaire Skills and Difficulties (SDQ) was applied to parents and teachers as well. The results show, among other aspects, the low socioeconomic level of these schoolchildren and that the conductive hearing impairment was a bilateral one, in a moderate degree for most of them, with a preserved intellectual capacity and school accomplishment inferior to the mean. Study # 2 took place in the school system of Bauru and nearby towns, with the participation of seven schoolchildren (GP) with ear malformation, selected from Study 1, and 14 schoolchildren with no ear malformation, being 7 chosen by the teachers (GPE) and 7 drawn (GPS). Here, TDE and the Multimedia Inventory of Children´s Social Skills (IMHSC) were applied to the schoolchildren, and the SDQ and semi-structured questionnaires... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Oliveira, Valdéia Vieira de. "Jovem doutor: promoção da saúde auditiva e inclusão do deficiente auditivo com malformação de orelha externa e/ou média." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-25042013-104127/.
Full textThe ear malformations are abnormalities that occur during embryonic development and can affect the outer ear, middle and/or internal, may be unilateral or bilateral. At school age children with ear malformations may be impaired by lack of appropriate incentives to its potential cognitive, socio-emotional, linguistic, political and cultural, causing considerable damage in the development of learning. In this context, this study aimed to develop a program for elementary school students using the interactive tele-education Project Young Doctor aiming to promote hearing health and the inclusion of deaf ear malformation with external and / or middle ear in the school. The study was divided into two phases. The first phase was formed by the construction of an educational content (screenplay), evaluation by judges from the area of Audiologist, through two questionnaires and adequacy in accordance with the suggestions of the judges. The second phase consisted of applying content to 18 students without craniofacial malformations, hearing impairment, visual or intellectual, using the methodology of the project and Dr. Young was divided into: classroom activity informing the dynamics of the course and introduction to the subject; step without attending, online presentation of the script and stage presence to establish strategies to pass content to colleagues and community. Before and after the implementation of the training program the students responded to the \"Questionário Situação Problema - (QSP)\" with the objective of measuring the theoretical knowledge acquired prior and during the program. And then the other two called \"Questionário Opinião (QO)\" with the aim of expressing student opinion about the distance course and \"Ficha de Pesquisa Motivacional (FMP)\" to subjectively evaluate the motivational aspects of the training program. Teachers also evaluated whether there were changes in student behavior through the \"Crenças e Sentimentos do Professor (CSP).\" The results show that most of the judges had positive assessments, considering the quality of the script as \"excellent\" (1789 responses) and \"very good\" (911 responses). Regarding the QSP results indicate that, comparing statistically the before (pretest) and after (post-test) results showed that half of respondents agreed and 40% in the pre-test and half to hit 80% in post-test. Thus, the data presented show that the implementation of the program has produced positive effect in relation to the increased knowledge of the students. In response to QO, most students showed a positive opinion about the course, revealing high approval rate. The analysis of FMP pointed motivational high level of satisfaction with the program, by the students, considering it as \"impressive\". In the questionnaire CSP teachers assigned high importance to the repertoire of social skills as much as possible factor in socio-emotional development of students as performance. It was concluded that the implementation of the program aimed at promoting hearing health and the inclusion of deaf ear malformation with external and / or average in the school was viable for those students, but it is suggested reapplying to other schools.
Canali, Inesângela. "Estudo da função da tuba de eustáquio em pacientes com retrações da membrana timpânica e em indivíduos normais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/79581.
Full textIntroduction: The diagnosis of Eustachian tube dysfunctions is essential for better understanding the pathogenesis of chronic otitis media. The literature describes a series of tests to assess tube function; however, there is methodological diversity between them, which varies from application protocols to standardization of tests and their results. Objective: To evaluate the variation in middle ear pressure in patients with tympanic membrane retraction and in normal subjects during tube function tests, as well as to evaluate intra-individual variation between these tests. This study also aimed to evaluate the number of tympanic membrane movements of the contralateral ear during the tests. Methods: An observational contemporary cross-sectional study was conducted, in which the factor under study was the variation in middle ear pressure during tube function tests (Valsalva maneuver, Sniff Test, Toynbee maneuver) in normal subjects and in patients with mild and moderate/severe tympanic retraction. A total of 38 patients (76 ears) were included in the study. Patients underwent tube function tests at two different time points, in order to determine the measure of pressure after each maneuver. During the tests, videotoscopy was performed concomitantly in the contralateral ear, in order to observe tympanic membrane movement. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 18.0, considering p values < 0.05 as statistically significant. Results: Mean ± standard deviation for age was 11 ± 2.72 years; 55.3% of patients were male and 44.7% female. The prevalence of type A tympanogram was higher in the groups with normal ears and mild retraction, while type C tympanogram was higher in the group with moderate/severe retraction. An increase in middle ear pressure was observed during Valsalva maneuver at the first time point evaluated in the three groups of ears (p= 0.012). The variation in pressure was not significant either for the Sniff Test or for Toynbee maneuver at the two time points evaluated (p≥0.05). The agreement of the measures at the two different time points was from weak to moderate for the tests in the tree groups of ears, and the variations in discrepancy between measures were higher in ears with moderate/severe retraction. Although it had not reached statistical significance, the number of tympanic membrane movements was higher during the Valsalva maneuver in the tree groups of ears. Conclusion: In this study population, mean pressure in the middle ear showed a significant variation only during the Valsalva maneuver at the first time point evaluated in the three groups of ears. Normal ears and those with mild retraction behaved similarly in all tests. The maneuvers used showed intra-individual variation from weak to moderate, with the higher variation occurring in ears with moderate/severe retraction. The number of tympanic membrane movements was higher during the Valsalva maneuver in the three groups of ears.
Melo, Alana Ribeiro de. "Padrão de análise da timpanometria com sonda de 226 Hz na criança considerando a pressão do pico de máxima compliância e a compliância estática." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25143/tde-29092017-143119/.
Full textAccurate analysis of tympanometry results is essential to determine the condition of the middle ear, especially in children in their first years of life. Thus, this study aimed at presenting a standard analysis of tympanometry with a 226 Hz probe for the age range six months to three years, taking into account the pressure of the peak of maximum compliance and static compliance. The records of 6-month to three-year old children assisted from October 2012 to February 2016 at the Audiology Research Center - Cochlear Implant Section of the Craniofacial Anomalies Rehabilitation Hospital and at the Children\'s Audiology Clinic of the Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Clinic of the Bauru Dentistry School, both of the University of São Paulo, were analyzed. The sample was divided into two groups: a group with no middle ear alteration comprising 224 ears and the group with middle ear alteration composed of 59 ears. For analysis, the pressure values of the maximum compliance peak (daPa) and static compliance (ml) obtained in the tympanometry with a 226Hz probe were considered. In the group with no alteration, the Mann Whitney Correlation Test showed no significant difference between the genders for the maximum compliance peak pressure (p = 0.782) and for static compliance (p = 0.085). No difference was seen, either, for pressure (p = 0.678) and compliance (p = 0.079) values, according to age, by using the Spearman Correlation Test. Considering the interval between percentiles 2,5 and 97,5 obtained for pressure and compliance in the groups without and with alteration, a range of values common for the two groups was observed, that is, the values contained in this range could not classify the Middle ear as normal or altered. According to percentiles 2,5 and 97,5, it was possible to establish a range of normality for the pressure of the maximum compliance peak, from +52 daPa to -100 daPa, and for static compliance, from 0.20 ml to 0.68 ml, while in the alteration range, values ranged from -259 to 17,52 daPa for pressure and from 0,04 to 0,41 ml for compliance. Thus, an intersection range was identified, corresponding to the interval of -100 to 17,52 daPa for the pressure of the maximum compliance peak and 0,2 to 0,41 ml for the static compliance. Data analysis showed that tympanometry with a 226 Hz probe presented high sensitivity and low specificity in the 6-month to 3-year age range.
MAYER, Débora Lopes Bunzen. "Materiais de suporte na orelha média: comparação entre a esponja de gelatina absorvível e a esponja do biopolímero da cana-de-açúcar em ratos." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11987.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2015-03-11T17:41:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 TESE Débora Lopes Bunzen Mayer.pdf: 1856994 bytes, checksum: 870192a00563975a8a3f55f7f3a1c8e5 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-21
Existem diversos biomateriais que podem ser utilizados na cirurgia otológica para preencher a cavidade da orelha média ou dar suporte a enxertos. A esponja de gelatina absorvível é a mais utilizada, mas pode provocar fibrose e prejudicar a ventilação da orelha média. O biopolímero da cana-de-açúcar é um biomaterial, em forma de esponja, produzido na Estação Experimental da Cana-de-açúcar da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Investigar os efeitos da reação inflamatória provocada pela esponja do biopolímero da cana-de-açúcar (BP) comparada a esponja de gelatina absorvível (EGA) na mucosa da orelha média de ratos. Estudo experimental prospectivo. A esponja do BP foi implantada na orelha direita e a EGA na orelha esquerda de 30 ratos Wistar fêmeas. Os animais foram sacrificados com 4 e 12 semanas após o procedimento. Avaliação histológica qualitativa foi realizada para verificar a reação inflamatória na bula timpânica. A esponja do BP provocou exsudato inflamatório mais intenso e persistente que a EGA. Foi encontrado exsudato polimorfonuclear e linfomononuclear nas bulas em contato com o BP que persistiram na luz da bula até 12 semanas, o que caracterizou uma reação inflamatória crônica com sinais de agudização. No grupo da EGA, o exsudato foi linfomononuclear, leve, mas com observação de traves de fibrose. A EGA foi, em grande parte, absorvido ao final do experimento. O BP não foi absorvido durante o tempo de observação. Houve espessamento da mucosa e neoangiogênese no grupo da EGA, o que provavelmente está envolvido com o processo de fibrose. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa quanto ao grau de fibrose entre os biomateriais. O BP apresentou reação inflamatória mais intensa que a EGA, no entanto, provocou menos neoangiogênese. O presente experimento evidenciou que a esponja do BP não apresentou as características necessárias para o uso como material de suporte dentro da bula timpânica, em contato direto com a mucosa. Contudo, é possível que essa esponja possa ser utilizada em contato com a face epidérmica da membrana timpânica e com o conduto auditivo externo, pois se comportou como um material de preenchimento não-absorvível a curto prazo.
Pichelli, Tathiany Silva. "Efeito da estimulação contralateral nas medidas de reflectância acústica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5162/tde-04022014-150945/.
Full textIntroduction: The acoustic reflectance is a procedure introduced more recently in audiology, which diagnostic scope can be further explored. Its measurements have been cited as an important instrument in the evaluation of middle ear affections, as a method considered advantageous in relation to tympanometry. There has been growing interest in the study of contralateral acoustic stimulation and its effect on activation of the auditory efferent pathway. Studies have shown that the introduction of simultaneous stimulation in the contralateral ear generates changes in the pattern of auditory responses in both measures of otoacoustic emissions as in acoustic impedance. Therefore, emerged the interest in investigating the occurrence of changes in the response pattern of the reflectance curve when studied with the application of broadband noise in the contralateral ear. Objective: Investigate the influence of contralateral stimulation on acoustic reflectance measurements of the middle ear in young adults. Methods: The sample consisted of 30 participants of both genders, aged 18-30 years. Procedures: Inspection of the external acoustic meatus; imitanciometry; pure tone audiometry threshold; threshold research of White Noise; acoustics reflectance research in two steps: (a) obtaining of reflectance curve in the frequency range 200-6000 Hz in the intensity of 60dB SPL using chirp stimuli and pure tone, and (b) repeating the procedure with the same parameters and stimuli with contralateral noise simultaneously through insert earphones at 30 dBNS over the white noise threshold. Results: The results presented no difference compared genres. The analysis performed separately by ear presented differences between chirp stimuli and pure tone at frequencies of 1.5 and 2 kHz in the right ear. Between test and retest conditions the statistical differences in frequencies were at frequencies of 0.25 and of 0.5 kHz in the right ear for pure tone. Analysis of the conditions of test, retest and test with contralateral noise presented statistical difference at the frequency of 2 kHz (pvalue on test 0.011 and 0.002 on retest) for chirp stimulus in the right ear. The comparison between left and right ears identified statistical differences at the frequencies of 3 and 4 kHz for the two types of stimuli used. Conclusion: This study shows that the activation of the efferent auditory pathway by contralateral acoustic stimulation with white noise produces changes in response patterns of acoustic reflectance, increasing their responses and modifying the transfer of sound energy from the middle ear
Pittoli, Siulan Vendramini Paulovich. "Investigação radiológica e tomográfica da mandíbula de indivíduos com anomalias de 1º e 2º arcos faríngeos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-05072011-104925/.
Full textIntroduction: The first and second pharingeal arches contribute to craniofacial development and interferences in normal development of these structures can result in maxillary, mandibular, and ear abnormalities. Mandible hypoplasia, epibulbar dermoids, and spinal vertebral defects are the most frequent anomalies combined with ear anomalies and this group has been called oculoauriculovertebral spectrum. This is a heterogeneous and complex condition that includes isolated microtia until other cranial and extracranial anomalies. Purpose: To analyze and describe the morphology of the mandible, with special approach to the temporomandibular joint and to investigate the middle and inner ear in patients with first and second pharyngeal arches involvement. Methods: Clinical genetics evaluation, radiological and CT scan evaluation with main focus in middle and inner ear structures as well as in mandible. This study was performed in fifty six patients at the Hospital of the Rehabilitation of the craniofacial anomalies USP. Minimal diagnostic criteria were the presence of preauricular tags or mild external ear anomaly associated to facial asymmetry. Results and Conclusions: Condyle and/or mandible and middle ear anomalies showed high frequency (87.5% and 96.1%) for the patients of the present study. Predictive relation between the occurrence and the gravity for condyle anomalies and/or mandible with involvement of the external ear was observed. Other predictive relation was observed between the occurrence of condyle anomalies with involvement of structural anomalies of middle and inner ear. CT scan proved to be the most appropriated tool for temporomandibular joint evaluation. Evaluation of condyle structures, middle and inner ear should be included in protocols for evaluation of conditions with first and second pharingeal arches involvement.
Faccini, Vanessa Chisté Guimarães. "Miringotomia pelo método de microeletrocautério por radiofreqüência associado à mitomicina C em modelo animal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13675.
Full textIntroduction. The present study describes the myringotomy by radiofrequency, isolated or associated to mitomycin C, an alternative surgical technique to the insertion of a ventilation tube through the tympanic membrane, and emphasizes the value of this easier surgical procedure requiring no general anesthesia and avoiding the complications that can occur with the ventilation tube. Method. Randomized and compared study in Wistar rats. The time elapsed for tympanic membrane recovery was compared between the myringotomy with microlancet and the myringotomy by radiofrequency (0.3mm and 0.7mm tip) isolated or associated to mitomycin C. Results. There was a statistically significant difference between the procedures. Analysis (Wilcoxon Test) of the myringotomy with 0.7mm tip radiofrequency associated to mitomycin C revealed P <0,001. The longest time for membrane recovery was 44 days with a mean of 14 days. Conclusion. Myringotomy by radiofrequency lasts longer than myringotomy with microlancet. The association of the radiofrequency with 0.7mm tip to mitomycin C enhances the patency of the myringotomy.
Michel, Selena Dutra. "ESTUDO DA INCIDÊNCIA DE CÁRIE DENTÁRIA E ALTERAÇÕES DE ORELHA MÉDIA EM CRIANÇAS DE SEIS A DEZ ANOS DE IDADE DE UMA ESCOLA ESTADUAL EM SANTA MARIA, RS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6424.
Full textEste estudo teve como objetivo relacionar achados timpanométricos e cárie dentária em escolares de seis a dez anos de idade. A amostra refere-se à avaliação timpanométrica e odontológica de 245 crianças, da Escola Estadual de 1° e 2° Graus Augusto Ruschi da cidade de Santa Maria, RS no decorrer do ano letivo de 2004. As crianças foram examinadas em uma sala silenciosa, não tratada acusticamente, mas com nível de ruído compatível com as exigências legais .Todas elas foram submetidas à avaliação otorrinolaringológica, audiológica e odontológica. A avaliação otorrinolaringológica foi realizada com o objetivo de excluir qualquer comprometimento que impedisse a realização da timpanometria. A avaliação audiológica constituiu no exame de imiciantometria (Padrão ANSI-69), apresentando resultados de acordo com os tipos de curvas timpanométricas: tipo A, B e C (JEGER,1970). O exame odontológico foi realizado através da inspeção dos dentes molares decíduos de todas as crianças, possibilitando a marcação em um odontograma quais dentes encontravam-se cariados. Os resultados encontrados foram analisados de acordo com: exames timpanométricos alterados ou não; presença ou ausência de cárie dental, faixa etária e gênero. Concluiu-se que há um alto incide de cárie de 56,23% e de timpanometria alterada de 32,25% nas crianças avaliadas. Em relação as duas patologias houve um índice de 19,18%, porém não podemos afirmar que exista relação entre estas duas doenças uma vez que observou-se que nas crianças que possuíam maior numero de dentes cariados a incidência de timpanometria alterada é menor.
Nery, Claudio de Gois. "Relação da otite média secretora com o crescimento craniofacial e as características oclusais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-13102008-155702/.
Full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate the craniofacial growth/morphology and dental occlusion in 100 patients (male and female) from 4 to 10 years old and tonsils and adenoid enlargement. There were two groups: with and without otitis media with effusion (OME). We used the cephalometric analyses and dental casts. It was not observed significant differences between the two groups, in relationship to the linear and angular measurements adopted, except for the measurement corresponding to the palate bone length, which had shown correlation with age and OME. It was not found a facial pattern predominance. It was observed a discreet predominance of deep bite, posterior cross bite and midline deviation to OME, however without statistical significance. The maxillary narrowing might be associated to OME as well as its reduction may be related to the craniofacial growth and development