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Novak, Jasminko. "Collaborative knowledge visualisation for cross community knowledge exchange." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=981809944.
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Schmitz, Christoph. "Self-organized collaborative knowledge management." Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2007. http://www.uni-kassel.de/hrz/db4/extern/dbupress/publik/abstract.php?978-3-89958-325-0.
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Choudhary, Alok K. "Knowledge discovery for moderating collaborative projects." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2009. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8138.
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In today's global market environment, enterprises are increasingly turning towards collaboration in projects to leverage their resources, skills and expertise, and simultaneously address the challenges posed in diverse and competitive markets. Moderators, which are knowledge based systems have successfully been used to support collaborative teams by raising awareness of problems or conflicts. However, the functioning of a moderator is limited to the knowledge it has about the team members. Knowledge acquisition, learning and updating of knowledge are the major challenges for a Moderator's implementation. To address these challenges a Knowledge discOvery And daTa minINg inteGrated (KOATING) framework is presented for Moderators to enable them to continuously learn from the operational databases of the company and semi-automatically update the corresponding expert module. The architecture for the Universal Knowledge Moderator (UKM) shows how the existing moderators can be extended to support global manufacturing. A method for designing and developing the knowledge acquisition module of the Moderator for manual and semi-automatic update of knowledge is documented using the Unified Modelling Language (UML). UML has been used to explore the static structure and dynamic behaviour, and describe the system analysis, system design and system development aspects of the proposed KOATING framework. The proof of design has been presented using a case study for a collaborative project in the form of construction project supply chain. It has been shown that Moderators can "learn" by extracting various kinds of knowledge from Post Project Reports (PPRs) using different types of text mining techniques. Furthermore, it also proposed that the knowledge discovery integrated moderators can be used to support and enhance collaboration by identifying appropriate business opportunities and identifying corresponding partners for creation of a virtual organization. A case study is presented in the context of a UK based SME. Finally, this thesis concludes by summarizing the thesis, outlining its novelties and contributions, and recommending future research.
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Wan, Ngai-teck Alice, and 溫艾狄. "Collaborative interactions in knowledge building process." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31256697.
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Schmitz, Christoph [Verfasser]. "Self-organized collaborative knowledge management / Christoph Schmitz." Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2007. http://d-nb.info/993479081/34.
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Vatcharaphun, Rajsiri Ávila López Enrique. "Knowledge-based system for collaborative process specification." S. l. : INPT, 2009. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000808/01/rajsiri.pdf.
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Cheung, Mei Ling Lisa. "Merging corpus linguistics and collaborative knowledge construction." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/464/.
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This study relates corpus-driven discourse analysis to the concept of collaborative knowledge construction. It demonstrates that the traditional synchronic perspective of meaning in corpus linguistics needs to be complemented by a diachronic dimension. The fundamental assumption underlying this work is that knowledge is understood not within the traditional epistemological framework but from a radical social epistemological perspective, and that incremental knowledge about an object of the discourse corresponds to continual change of meaning of the lexical item that stands for it. This stance is based on the assumption of the discourse as a self-referential system that uses paraphrase as a key device to construct new knowledge. Knowledge is thus seen as the result of collaboration between the members of a discourse community. The thesis presents, in great detail, case studies of asynchronous computer-mediated communication that allow a comprehensive categorisation of a wide range of paraphrase types. It also investigates overt and covert signs of intertextuality linking a new paraphrase to previous contributions. The study then discusses ways in which these new insights concerning the process of collaborative knowledge construction can have an impact on teaching methodologies.
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Stange, Dominic, Andreas Nürnberger, and Holger Heyn. "Collaborative Knowledge Acquisition and Explorationin Technology Search." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-181723.
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This article is about technology search as an example of a knowledge acquisition task in industry. Technology search is about finding technology related information in structured as well as unstructured sources. This information is needed to support optimal decision making in business processes. There are new opptortunities for technology search and challenges that need to be addressed. This article outlines some of these challenges and presents two concepts to address them in a search system.
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Rajsiri, Vatcharaphun. "Knowledge-based system for collaborative process specification." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT014G/document.
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Le marché industriel est aujourd’hui de plus en plus dynamique et compétitif. Cette tendance évolutive de l’écosystème amène les entreprises à prendre part à un nombre croissant de réseaux industriels, dans l’optique de maintenir leur activité et d’accroître leur compétitivité. La qualité d’interaction et de collaboration de partenaires de ces réseaux dépend grandement de la capacité de leurs systèmes d’information (SIs) respectifs à gérer et à partager les informations. Le projet MISE (Mediation Information System Engineering) relève pleinement de cette problématique en proposant une approche de conception d’une solution (conceptuelle et technologique) pour le support de l’interopérabilité d’entreprises au travers de leurs SIs. Ce projet s’appuie sur la notion de MDE (Model-Driven Engineering) et s’articule autour de trois niveaux : métier, logique et technologique. Les travaux de! thèse dont il est ici question relèvent du niveau métier en présentant une démarche d’obtention d’un modèle indépendant de toute implémentation (CIM pour Computer Independent Model). Il s’agit en particulier de s’appuyer sur un système basé sur la gestion de connaissance pour concevoir des processus collaboratifs en BPMN (Business Process Modelling Notation). En se positionnant à un niveau d’abstraction au dessus de celui du CIM, on peut capitaliser, manipuler et raisonner une connaissance permettant d’une part de caractériser des collaborations et d’autre part de mettre en place des mécanismes de déduction pour descendre au niveau de CIM. Ces principes sont en outre illustrés par le biais d’un prototype développé pour valider l’approcheEnterprises are now operating in an environment where market is more open, globalized, and competitive. Changes in market conditions are obliging enterprises to become involved in various kinds of industrial networks in order to maintain their business efficiency. The integration of business partners depends deeply on the ability to capture and share information seamlessly amongst the information systems (ISs) of different enterprises. The MISE (Mediation Information System Engineering) project was evolved in order to tackle this problem by providing an information technology solution for supporting the enterprise interoperability through ISs. It is developed on the basis of the MDE (Model Driven Engineering). This dissertation addresses the business level of the interoperability, and the CIM (Computer Independent Model) of the MDE. Its main objective is to develop a knowledge-based system for supporting the design of collabora! tive processes that conform to the BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation). We propose to work at the upper level of the CIM to capture knowledge that allows us to characterize collaboration by basing on the perspectives and experiences of business partners. We use this knowledge together with the existing knowledge (instances about business processes) from the MIT Process Handbook for moving down to the CIM level. The prototype of our knowledge-based system is also developed in order to validate and evaluate the approach
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Fu, Lai-fan, and 傅麗芬. "Characterizing the discourse patterns of collaborative knowledge building." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197113.
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This study aimed to develop a holistic understanding of knowledge-building discourse supported by Knowledge Forum among primary-and secondary-school students in Hong Kong. It is argued that prior studies of knowledge building did not adequately address the important question of how ideas are progressively improved because these studies employed cognitively oriented approaches that discarded the sequential, structural, and situational information about the process of group interactions. To better understand this question, the author applied methods from qualitative traditions to the study of knowledge-building discourse.
The study was part of a five-year professional development project, “Developing a teacher community for classroom innovation through knowledge building”. The author and other project members collaboratively analyzed more than hundreds of Knowledge Forum views to gain an initial understanding of productive group interactions. The selection of data set for the study utilized purposive sampling. The author evaluated the online discourses of several dozens of classes, with the criteria of productive group interactions. Three classes from different schools were selected: Grade 5 Science, Grade 10 Liberal Studies, and Grade 10 Visual Art. These classes offered diverse examples to enhance the transferability of the findings. The data set comprised 764 Knowledge Forum messages, which were examined in great detail by a four-stage qualitative method.
The first stage was a thematic analysis at the thread level to pre-process the online discourses for the subsequent analyses. The second stage was a qualitative coding at the action level to characterize the discourse components of the threads. The coding utilized 7 main codes that were adapted from van Aalst (2009): community, information, question, idea, linking, agency, and meta-discourse. This coding scheme formed a foundation of the data analysis, and this study extended the scheme in two ways. First, it gave the main codes a more theoretically solid foundation by conducting a literature review to further conceptualize or re-conceptualize the main codes. Second, it went beyond conducting the qualitative coding to seek for general patterns of interactions in the third-stage analysis. The third stage was a narrative analysis at the episode level to identify discourse patterns. Eleven patterns were identified to demonstrate productive and unproductive group interactions. The findings from the three stages of analysis were then interpreted to provide a comprehensive profile of the class discourses in the final-stage analysis. The relationship between the discourse profiles and idea improvement was explained. Finally, a validity check was conducted and the findings suggested that the discourse patterns could be used as a heuristic device to provide a basis for understanding other discourses.
The implications of this study are threefold. Methodologically, the study has identified eleven discourse patterns that can be conceived as an extensive classification scheme allowing researchers to understand different types of group interaction in asynchronous online discussion forums. Theoretically, the discourse patterns contribute to the literature concerning the process of computer-mediated group interactions. Pedagogically, it is hoped that the discourse patterns can be used as conceptual tools for scaffolding students toward productive group interaction and can be used in teacher professional development.published_or_final_version
Education
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Tennison, Jeni. "Living ontologies : collaborative knowledge structuring on the Internet." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13382/.
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This thesis discusses the issues involving the support of Living Ontologies: collaborating in the construction and maintenance of ontologies using the Internet. Ontologies define the concepts used in describing a domain: they are used by knowledge engineers as reusable components of knowledge-based systems. Knowledge engineers create ontologies by eliciting information from domain experts. However, experts often have different conceptualisations of a domain and knowledge engineers often have different ways of formalising their conceptualisations. Taking a constructivist perspective, constructing ontologies from multiple conflicting conceptualisations can be seen as a design activity, in which knowledge engineers make choices according to the context in which the representation will be used. Based on this theory, a methodology for collaboratively constructing ontologies might involve comparing differing conceptualisations and using these comparisons to initiate discussion, changes to the conceptualisations and the development of criteria against which they can be evaluated. APECKS (Adaptive Presentation Environment for Collaborative Knowledge Structuring) is designed to support this methodology. APECKS aims not only to support the collaborative construction of ontologies but also to use ontologies to present information to its users adaptively within a virtual environment. It demonstrates a number of innovations over conventional ontology servers, such as prompted knowledge elicitation from domain experts, automated comparisons between ontologies, the creation of design rationales and change tracking. A small evaluation of APECKS has shown that it is usable by domain experts and that automated comparisons between ontologies can be used to initiate alterations, investigations of others' conceptualisations and as a basis for discussion. Possible future development of APECKS includes tighter integration with a virtual environment and with other networked knowledge-based tools. Further research is also needed to develop the methodology on which APECKS is based, by investigating ways of comparing, combining and discussing ontologies.
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Chang, Winston Dali 1981. "A knowledge base approach to assisting collaborative relationships." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87401.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-76).
by Winston Dali Chang.
M.Eng.
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Barthel, Ralph. "Collaborative knowledge building through multi-path video creation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537827.
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Eslami, Mohammad H. "Knowledge integration with customers in collaborative product developmentproject." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Projekt, innovationer och entreprenörskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-133964.
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Driven by rapid technological developments, greater customer expectations, and increased product complexity,product development processes increasingly rely on the integration of dispersed specialist knowledge.Consequently, many industrial firms are changing the way they approach product development. Productdevelopment increasingly relies on knowledge integration across firm boundaries. Customers are one of the mostindispensable sources of knowledge, and their knowledge needs to be integrated during product development.However, little is known about the processes and mechanisms used to integrate customer knowledge in productdevelopment.Therefore, firms must devise processes and mechanisms that support knowledge integration withcustomers. This thesis aims to investigate knowledge integration with customers in collaborative productdevelopment. The work described in this thesis combines a case study with a survey approach. More specifically, five casestudies were conducted at three industrial manufacturing firms. Data were collected in 46 interviews, along withinformal discussions, workshops, and secondary material. The case studies revealed the role of knowledgeintegration, knowledge integration mechanisms, and the importance of contextual factors related to the customer’stechnical capability, and the locus of initiative for the product development project. A cross-sectional survey wasperformed in order to ascertain the role of knowledge integration and its effect on innovation performance and theeffect of firms and customers’ technical capability and locus of initiative on knowledge integration withcustomers. The survey study generated 216 responses from firms operating in the Swedish manufacturingindustry. This thesis consists of a compiled summary and five appended papers. The results in these provide the basis formodelling knowledge integration with customers. The findings confirm that integrating knowledge withcustomers in product development is associated with better innovation performance. Further, the results point tothe dynamic characteristics of knowledge integration in product development processes. More specifically, firmstend to apply different combinations of mechanisms in different phases, depending on the intended content of theknowledge contribution of the customer and the requirements of each phase in the development process. Inaddition, the degree of technical capability, internal integration capability, and locus of initiative are importantfactors influencing knowledge integration processes. This thesis sheds new light on collaborative productdevelopment with customers by demonstrating that knowledge, and particularly the integration of knowledgeacross firm boundaries, is a central property of product development. The study focuses on industrial andmanufacturing firms, complementing current perspectives on the role of customers in other sectors. In thisparticular sector, complexity and system-wide implications need to be resolved together with customers throughknowledge integration activities. An important implication of the thesis is that firms need to devise mechanismsfor knowledge integration with customers, and be prepared to redevise these as the firm progresses through theproduct development phases.
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Ng, Siu-kai, and 吳少階. "Collaborative learning in Knowledge Forum: a study of the process of knowledge building." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31256673.
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Laval, Ernesto. "Shared construction of knowledge through electronic mail communication." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268712.
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Monty, Desiree A. "Biotechnology bingo modularity, knowledge processes, and the collaborative experience." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050309.104348/index.html.
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Cheung, Wai Ming. "Distributed and collaborative product development and manufacturing knowledge management." Thesis, Durham University, 2007. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2489/.
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A major challenge facing industry nowadays is the adoption of current information sharing and collaboration technologies for early design and manufacturing phases to enable collaboration for product development through information distribution. Furthermore, product development process displays ever growing complexity and dynamic behaviour due to both increasing product complexity and distributive and collaborative engineering demands. in order to overcome these issues, advanced strategic corporate alliances must share knowledge, expertise and resources in an increasingly competitive global market. The principal hypothesis of the research is that, at present there is a disconnection between the early stages of communicating design concepts and potential manufacturing scenarios which could be bridged by using internet-based Product Data Management (PDM) systems with techniques and methods for design conceptualisation, aggregate factory modelling and manufacturing knowledge management. The main objective of this research is therefore to investigate and develop methods for the effective management of the internet-based process of communicating new product requirements and manufacturing performance evaluations. In particular, the investigation is focused on the early stages of product development throughout the product life cycle using PDM, Enterprise Resource Planning systems and Web-based technologies. The tools used to explore the feasibility are the utilisation of Web-centric supporting technologies such as extensible Markup Language, Resource Description Framework and ontologies for manufacturing knowledge management. The Unified Modelling Language and Object- Oriented based Java Programming Language are used to further develop and facilitate an early process planning evaluation system. In addition, a new framework using Peer- to-Peer technology as a subset of the product development integration architecture to support smaller companies and large corporations has also been developed. This thesis presents the contributions and the development of novel methods which include: 1. The aggregate manufacturing models, 2. New methods in relation to knowledge management of design and manufacturing,3. A client/server product development integration architecture, and 4. A decentralised production network for smaller and larger companies using 'open source' solutions. These will facilitate the communication of early design and product development within a distributed and collaborative environment. Two case studies are presented to verify the demonstrations. The first case study replicates a centralised client/server environment supporting the design of steel panel bridges for rapid assembly on-site. The second case study is focused on creating a virtual enterprise collaboration to compare the applications of a centralised PDM and decentralised open source solutions. Overall results have indicated that: 1. The opportunity of early collaboration in product design can be maximised, prevent poor decisions, enable the design to be right first time, and2. Elimination of bottlenecks in bandwidth and resources, reduce centralised administration cost and empowering of collaborators within networks to control the knowledge they create. Therefore, with proper technologies, methods and techniques to share knowledge, expertise and resources, can enhanced the three critical factors in product development, namely: reduction of cost, time-to-market and quality of product.
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Ho, Wing-sze Teresa, and 何詠詩. "Facilitating students collaborative learning of physics using Knowledge Forum." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29401136.
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Rosell, David T. "Buyer-Supplier Innovation : Managing Supplier Knowledge in Collaborative Innovation." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Projekt, innovationer och entreprenörskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-122506.
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As David Rosell’s dissertation represents all parts; the articles are finalized, onlya quite limited amount of work remained on the extended summary, and it can beconsidered as a thorough academic work, we (his main advisor AssociateProfessor Nicolette Lakemond and second advisor Assistant Professor CeciliaEnberg) have decided to publish the dissertation in order to make it available tothe research community. The dissertation has not been defended and is notapproved posthumous but only published making it available for the researchcommunity.
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Sarmiento-Klapper, Johann W. Stahl Gerry. "Sustaining collaborative knowledge building : continuity in virtual math teams /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3038.
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Distanont, A. (Anyanitha). "Knowledge transfer in requirements engineering in collaborative product development." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2013. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526200545.
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Abstract At present, collaborative strategies are an important part of developing the capabilities to be able to compete in the 21st Century since knowledge or innovations cannot develop entirely within a single firm. Collaboration provides invaluable resources that a firm cannot create through knowledge transfer mechanisms. The purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to enhance understanding of knowledge transfer in requirements engineering in the context of collaborative product development. The research is qualitative by nature and utilises the case study methodology. Data collection was conducted through interviews and surveys with informants in high-tech enterprises. The results indicate that collaboration in product development is very important and acts as a means of obtaining external resources, especially knowledge. However, collaboration is not an easy practice; it involves many challenges. In order to improve the practice of collaboration, it is necessary to manage and leverage the transfer of knowledge. According to the results, in order to increase the effectiveness of knowledge transfer over enterprise interfaces, each knowledge type needs to be transferred through the suitable transfer channel at the right time. The results also indicate that the individual relationships among buyers and suppliers are an essential element for long-term collaboration and common platforms or tools need to be developed to support collaborative product development over enterprise interfacesTiivistelmä Kiristyvän kilpailun tilanteessa yritykset etsivät keinoja tehostaakseen toimintaansa. Yksi keino tähän on yhteistyökumppanina toimivien yritysten hyödyntäminen tuotekehityksessä. Yhteistyökumppanien hyödyntämisellä yritykset pyrkivät muun muassa tukemaan innovatiivisuutta ja täydentämään tuotekehityksessä tarvittavia kyvykkyyksiä. Tähän pyritään hankkimalla lisää resursseja, erityisesti tietämystä ja osaamista, jota yrityksellä ei itsellään ole tai joka on ulkoistettu aiemmin. Tässä väitöskirjassa perehdytään yritysyhteistyötä hyödyntävään tuotekehitystoimintaan ja tutkimuksen tavoitteena on lisätä ymmärrystä osaamisen siirrosta erityisesti vaatimusten hallinnan prosessissa. Tämä väitöskirjatyö on laadullinen tapaustutkimus. Tutkimuksen empiirinen aineisto on hankittu haastatteluilla ja kyselyillä korkeanteknologian yrityksistä. Tutkimustulosten mukaan yritysten välinen yhteistyö tuotekehityksessä on merkittävässä roolissa moderneissa yrityksissä. Tällöin voidaan puhua ulkopuolisten resurssien, erityisesti ulkoisen osaamisen hyödyntämisestä tuotekehityksessä. Tulosten mukaan on kuitenkin huomioitava, että yritysyhteistyö on varsin monimutkaista ja haastavaa toteuttaa. Yritysten tulee paremmin johtaa osaamisen siirtoa yhteistyökumppaneiden välillä ja panostaa osaamisen siirtoon liittyviin toimintatapoihin ja työkaluihin. Yritysten välisen osaamisen siirron tehokkuuden lisäämiseksi tulee huomioida, että erityyppinen osaaminen tulee siirtää sille ominaisen kanavan kautta juuri oikeaan aikaan. Tulosten mukaan yrityksissä toimivien henkilöiden väliset suhteet ovat keskeisessä roolissa pitkän aikavälin yritysyhteistyölle. Tukeakseen paremmin yritysyhteistyötä tuotekehityksessä yritysten tulisi kehittää yhteisiä alustoja tai työkaluja osaamisen siirtoon
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Alaieri, Fahad. "Knowledge Management in Collaborative Environment and Service Oriented Organizations." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31187.
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In this research, we propose a knowledge management architecture in a collaborative environment and service oriented organization. The architecture contains five components, including partners, knowledge bases, portals, pipes, and cloud. Each segment of knowledge which is created in partners’ portals will be displayed in the cloud. The cloud contains knowledge from portals. Portals and the cloud will be linked by a specific type of connections (pipes), which presents the knowledge to the cloud without copying them.
We implement the proposed architecture online to prove its validity. The prototype that we examine has three partners including finance, insurance, and transportation. Each partner creates knowledge by using its portal and saving it in its own knowledge base (KB). Likewise, each partner has an access to other partners’ portals to ask questions or perform inquiries. The answered questions are saved in the KBs and displayed in the cloud. For implementation, we use Joomla as CMS portals, K2 as KB in each portal, Yahoo Pipes as connections between the portals and the cloud. Finally, the cloud is a webpage that displays knowledge from different portals.
We demonstrate that the proposed architecture facilitates sharing knowledge among the partners in the VO, and prevents knowledge duplications in different KBs. Moreover, we could move the stored knowledge from KB to another by using backup feature the CMS portal if any partner want to leave or the VO decides to terminate.
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Schlaepfer-Miller, Juanita. "Defining new knowledge produced by collaborative art-science research." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/6500.
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This thesis takes a theoretical framework constructed for transdisciplinary research within different natural science disciplines and investigates what kind of new knowledge is produced when this framework is applied to projects at the interface of art and natural science. The main case study is “Sauti ya Wakulima – The Voice of the Farmers”, which involves collaboration with another intervention artist, and with natural scientists and farmers. This is a collaborative knowledge project with small-scale urban as well as rural farmers in Tanzania who have created an online community archive of their farming practices by using mobile phones to upload images and sounds onto a website. The research uses an open-ended participatory methodology that gives the participants as much creative agency as possible within the given power structures and practical and technical parameters. A second work examined is the Climate Hope Garden, an installation by the author in collaboration with ecologists and climate scientists at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich (ETHZ). The installation consisted of a garden grown in climate-controlled chambers based on the climatic conditions proposed by IPCC climate scenarios. The project aimed to enact these scenarios on a spatial and temporal scale to which visitors could relate. Transdisciplinary research has become a key reference point in funding proposals. Despite many references in the literature, and calls for research involving both the natural sciences and humanities to solve complex world problems such as adaptation to climate change, there seems to be little consensus about exactly what kind of knowledge might be produced from such projects, and how transdisciplinary research proposals might be evaluated, especially those at the interface of art and the natural sciences. Several theoretical frameworks have been suggested for designing transdisciplinary research between and within scientific disciplines, or between the natural and social sciences and humanities. The present study applies the framework proposed by Christian Pohl and Gertrude Hirsch Hadorn (2007) to a real-world transdisciplinary art-science project in a development context in order to examine the balance between the collective, locally embodied experience and the nomothetic knowledge that arises from it. This thesis found that transdisciplinarity is a different question from that of types of knowledge on the nomothetic-idiographic scale. Transdisciplinarity is a pragmatic question of definitions and inherited boundaries of disciplines. The framework categories do not differentiate between nomothetic and idiographic, just to which part of the problem-solving puzzle they fit. This is perfectly valid for goal-oriented, problem-solving research and can be applied to art-science research, but there are other ways of describing this work, such as using a philosophical description of the knowing process which comes closer to encompassing the richness of the knowledge produced. It is in this sense that the new type of knowledge generated by the transdisciplinary projects required an expansion of the given theoretical framework.
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Bogers, Toine, Willem Thoonen, and den Bosch Antal van. "Expertise classification: Collaborative classification vs. automatic extraction." dLIST, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105709.
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Social classification is the process in which a community of users categorizes the resources in that community for their own use. Given enough users and categorization, this will lead to any given resource being represented by a set of labels or descriptors shared throughout the community (Mathes, 2004). Social classification has become an extremely popular way of structuring online communities in recent years. Well-known examples of such communities are the bookmarking websites Furl (http://www.furl.net/) and del.icio.us (http://del.icio.us/), and Flickr (http://www.flickr.com/) where users can post their own photos and tag them.
Social classification, however, is not limited to tagging resources: another possibility is to tag people, examples of which are Consumating (http://www.consumating.com/), a collaborative tag-based personals website, and Kevo (http://www.kevo.com/), a website that lets users tag and contribute media and information on celebrities.
Another application of people tagging is expertise classification, an emerging subfield of social classification. Here, members of a group or community are classified and ranked based on the expertise they possess on a particular topic. Expertise classification is essentially comprised of two different components: expertise tagging and expert ranking. Expertise tagging focuses on describing one person at a time by assigning tags that capture that person's topical expertise, such as â speech recognition' or â small-world networks'. information request, such as, for instance, a query submitted to a search engine. Methods are developed to combine the information about individual members' expertise (tags), to provide on-the-fly query-driven rankings of community members.
Expertise classification can be done in two principal ways. The simplest option follows the principle of social bookmarking websites: members are asked to supply tags that describe their own expertise and to rank the other community members with regard to a specific request for information. Alternatively, automatic expertise classification ideally extracts expertise terms automatically from a user's documents and e-mails by looking for terms that are representative for that user. These terms are then matched on the information request to produce an expert ranking of all community members. In this paper we describe such an automatic method of expertise classification and evaluate it using human expertise classification judgments. In the next section we will describe some of the related work on expertise classification, after which we will describe our automatic method of expertise classification and our evaluation of them in sections 3 and 4. Sections 5.1 and 5.1 describe our findings on expertise tagging and expert rankings, followed by discussion and our conclusions in section 6 and recommendations for future work in section 7.
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Vazey, Megan Margaret. "Case-driven collaborative classification." Doctoral thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/264.
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Thesis (PhD) -- Macquarie University, Division of Information and Communication Sciences, Department of Computing, 2007."Submitted January 27 2007, revised July 27 2007".
Bibliography: p. 281-304.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
xiv, 487 p., bound ill. (some col.)
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Gaignard, Alban. "Distributed knowledge sharing and production through collaborative e-Science platforms." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00838796.
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This thesis addresses the issues of coherent distributed knowledge production and sharing in the Life-science area. In spite of the continuously increasing computing and storage capabilities of computing infrastructures, the management of massive scientific data through centralized approaches became inappropriate, for several reasons: (i) they do not guarantee the autonomy property of data providers, constrained, for either ethical or legal concerns, to keep the control over the data they host, (ii) they do not scale and adapt to the massive scientific data produced through e-Science platforms. In the context of the NeuroLOG and VIP Life-science collaborative platforms, we address on one hand, distribution and heterogeneity issues underlying, possibly sensitive, resource sharing ; and on the other hand, automated knowledge production through the usage of these e-Science platforms, to ease the exploitation of the massively produced scientific data. We rely on an ontological approach for knowledge modeling and propose, based on Semantic Web technologies, to (i) extend these platforms with efficient, static and dynamic, transparent federated semantic querying strategies, and (ii) to extend their data processing environment, from both provenance information captured at run-time and domain-specific inference rules, to automate the semantic annotation of ''in silico'' experiment results. The results of this thesis have been evaluated on the Grid'5000 distributed and controlled infrastructure. They contribute to addressing three of the main challenging issues faced in the area of computational science platforms through (i) a model for secured collaborations and a distributed access control strategy allowing for the setup of multi-centric studies while still considering competitive activities, (ii) semantic experiment summaries, meaningful from the end-user perspective, aimed at easing the navigation into massive scientific data resulting from large-scale experimental campaigns, and (iii) efficient distributed querying and reasoning strategies, relying on Semantic Web standards, aimed at sharing capitalized knowledge and providing connectivity towards the Web of Linked Data.
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Lee, Yeung-chun Eddy, and 李揚真. "Assessing and fostering collaborative knowledge building among Chinesehigh-school students." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43944358.
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Ogunlade, Jacob Olusola. "Assessing the collaborative knowledge management of the market dominant organization." ScholarWorks, 2009. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/683.
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Dominant firms enjoy economic strengths which enable them to compete effectively in relevant markets through the use of collaborative knowledge management (CKM). While the literature is replete with general guiding principles for companies to adopt successful business strategies, there is very limited empirical research on effectively using CKM to improve company performance and market domination. The purpose of this study was to evaluate strategies for information sharing by companies to achieve better operations management and control, a wider range of customers, and stronger competitive edge in the global economy. Epistemological foundation for the study was provided by the literature on knowledge management and organizational dynamics. Data were collected by an electronically self-administered questionnaire on a convenience sample of 80 employees of three small businesses in Memphis, Tennessee. A quantitative method using Poisson regression was applied to test the hypotheses about relationships between six independent variables of value proposition, culture building, responsibilities, information technology, approaches and assessment and the dependent variable, collaborative knowledge management. Results indicate that value proposition, information technology, and building an organizational culture of responsibilities and best practices play significant roles in effective CKM. Social change implications of the study suggest that high-intensity collaborative knowledge management would produce creative leaders and workers, improved leader-worker collaboration, and more effective use of information technologies in organizational intelligence and decision making.
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Chen, Wenting. "How Knowledge and Attitude Affect ESL Students’ Collaborative Writing Outcomes." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1438696895.
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Gaspar, Tiago Manuel dos Santos. "Methodology for collaborative enterprise reference ontology building." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5708.
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Dissertation presented at Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia of Universidade Nova de Lisboa to obtain the Master degree in Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceIn the actual competitive world, doing business globally has become critical to the survival of most enterprises. It is becoming each day more and more difficult for small enterprises to grow by operating alone in the market. Hence, most companies started feeling the need for joining collaborative environments becoming easier to manage their products and services, and where they can offer better products with low production costs. To achieve this, enterprises require the establishment of cooperation agreements among each other with the idea of expanding their business networks. Consequently there is a demand for intelligent solutions capable of reinforcing partnerships and collaborations between enterprises, organised groups or singular people. However, due to the worldwide diversity of communities, a high number of knowledge representation elements, such as ontologies, which are not semantically coincident, have appeared representing the same segment of reality. Even operating in the same domain, enterprises do not understand each other, making the communication among various systems parties more difficult and sometimes impracticable. This dissertation responds to the needs identified above, proposing a collaborative methodology for ontology building, enriched with qualitative information collection methods, to effectively improve the approach to elicit knowledge from business domain experts, towards interoperable intelligent systems. This methodology allows different individuals from enterprises or organisations working on the same field or area, to join a collaborative environment for building a common ontology specific to their ―Domain of Discourse‖. To accomplish this, several steps are taken including terms and definitions gathering, glossary and thesaurus building, and ontology mappings
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Nätti, S. (Satu). "Customer-related knowledge utilisation in the collaborative relationships of professional service organisation." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2005. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514279123.
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to describe customer-related knowledge utilisation in the collaborative relationships of professional service organisations. Within this specific context, knowledge transfer capabilities are emphasised as an important prerequisite in the utilisation process.
Effective organisation-level knowledge utilisation is crucial in collaborative relationships of professional service organisations. In order to formulate a coherent service offering across different areas of expertise, for instance, it is beneficial to transfer customer knowledge between professionals, business units and functions. Knowledge utilisation across different expertise areas may also be an important prerequisite for an organisation's innovativeness and proactiveness in customer cooperation.
Customer-related knowledge utilisation and related knowledge transfer processes are in this study approached from a relationship management perspective, and literature from organisation research, resource-based view and knowledge management is used as a theoretical basis. Empirically this study is based on a descriptive case study of two professional service firms in the field of business-to-business education and consultancy services. In the first case, an in-depth analysis of an organisation developing a collaborative relationship in the outsourcing situation is described. In the second case, additional views are given on organisational practices potentially facilitating customer-related knowledge transfer.
Empirical results show that internal fragmentation in the professional service organisation seems to be, to a large extent, inherent in this type of organisation, and may cause many problems in customer-related knowledge transfer and thus in effective utilisation of that knowledge. These knowledge transfer inhibitors rise from an organisation's characteristics; its dominant logic, culture, structure and systems. These organisational characteristics are bound to the characteristics of knowledge itself: its tacitness, non-observability and complexity, and can have an inhibiting influence on knowledge transfer.
However, in spite of the inherent forces causing internal fragmentation and inhibiting knowledge transfer, moderating practices of a well-planned relationship coordination system, customer knowledge and expertise codification, and cooperative working practices among the experts seem to help to maintain customer knowledge transfer and utilisation, and thus also continuity and value creation in the long-term relationships. This value creation can be seen to be based on accessing and integrating a wide variety of knowledge resources in order to create innovative, flexible and multifaceted service offerings. Value creation can also be based on organisational ability for generative learning in order to change prevailing organisational assumptions and to develop the operations model needed in collaborative relationship.
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Lee, Yeung-chun Eddy. "Assessing and fostering collaborative knowledge building among Chinese high-school students." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43944358.
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Lei, Chunlin, and 雷春林. "Fostering collaborative knowledge building through reflective assessment among Chinese tertiary students." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197099.
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This study examines the design, processes and instructional effects of principle-based, student-directed reflective assessments on students’ conceptual understanding and collaborative inquiry in a computer-supported knowledge building environment. Premised on socio-constructivism, knowledge building and classroom learning theories, this study (1) designs a knowledge building environment, informed by knowledge building principles and reflective assessments, and evaluates its effects on students’ conceptual understanding, approaches to learning, and conceptions of collaboration; (2) investigates the role of engagement in Knowledge Forum on students’ conceptual understanding; (3) examines the role of portfolio assessment and other reflective assessment strategies in facilitating deep learning and knowledge building; and (4) characterizes the socio-cognitive dynamics of collaborative knowledge building.
Participants of the study were 60 first-year Chinese tertiary students enrolled in a Sino-British joint educational program at a university in Shanghai, China. In a quasi-experimental design, one group of students experienced a knowledge building environment which was informed by knowledge building principles and highlighted concurrent, transformative assessment (reflective assessment strategies). The other group was exposed to a technology-based environment without the mediation of knowledge building principles.
Multiple source of data were employed, including surveys, domain tests, academic performance assessments, Knowledge Forum engagement indices, e-portfolio notes, online inquiry threads, student classroom reflective presentations, and end-of-program interviews. Major findings include (1) students in the principle-based environment outperformed their peers in terms of conceptual understanding and deep approaches to learning; (2) student online participation and community connectedness increased over time, and contributed to students’ conceptual understanding over and above their prior domain knowledge; (3) qualitative e-portfolio analyses identified different kinds of student reflection strategies that were correlated with academic performance; (4) analysis of online inquiry threads showed students’ different levels of engagement with four knowledge building principles and suggested knowledge building might be manifested by meta-discourse; (5) Student reflective presentation and interview study further addressed the role of epistemic reflection and collective assessments in scaffolding collaborative knowledge building.
This study addresses the problem of aligning social-constructivist theories of learning and assessment. Assessment takes on a new meaning of both assessing and scaffolding group learning and knowledge building. This study may advance current literature on how socio-cognitive principles and social-constructivist assessment can be designed and aligned with learning, collaboration and instruction to promote conceptual understanding and knowledge building. This study also has pedagogical implications for how computer-supported knowledge building inquiry can be designed in the context of 21st century Chinese tertiary classrooms.published_or_final_version
Education
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Schutte, C. S. L. "Executing innovation projects using the collaborative nature of integrated knowledge networks." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1284.
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Thesis (PhD (Industrial Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Innovation is important for competitiveness. It thrives on the availability of novel public and private domain knowledge. Thus the ability to access, analyze, synthesize, share, and re-use knowledge is paramount to enabling innovation within the different partners of the supply chain. These activities grow the available pool of knowledge. It also facilitates learning from mistakes, as well as capturing and enhancing opportunities for future innovation. Proactively networking resources within a formal and informal structure improve the ability of any participating enterprise to use/re-use knowledge, in a concurrently growing knowledge base. Such a "Knowledge Network” (KN) enhances knowledge sharing between and among individuals, groups and organizations in informal and formal ways. This network is also scalable in the sense that more individuals and enterprise may join the network as success cases are reported on. It is clear that knowing how to design, deploy and operate a Knowledge Network could be highly beneficial. How to successfully design and deploy a KN is a challenge and has been widely researched to a limited extent within in the past decade. The design, deploy and operate functions require understanding of social processes and how people learn and share knowledge. KN management requires a proactive, systematic approach to the planning and deployment of a formalized network for knowledge creation and transfer. It addresses promoting and improving conditions to cultivate informal and formal networking within a larger collaborative network of enterprises. This dissertation presents a refined methodology for initiating, deploying, managing and operating an Innovation Project based on the available research reported in this domain. It incorporates concepts of generic, partial and specific roadmaps, best practices, templates and examples and allows individual teams to capture knowledge about specific projects and expertise in context for later re-use.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Om mededingend te kan wees, is innovasie belangrik. Laasgenoemde floreer op die beskikbaarheid van nuwe publieke, sowel as private domein kennis. Dus is die kundigheid om kennis te assesseer, te analiseer, saam te vat, uit te ruil met ander en dan weer te gebruik van die uiterste belang om innovasie moontlik te maak vir die onderskeie vennote in die voorsieningsketting. Hierdie genoemde aktiwiteite vergroot die beskikbare poel van kennis. Daarbenewens fasiliteer dit ook leer uit foute, sowel as die vasvang en versterking van geleenthede vir toekomstige innovasie. Deur pro-aktief en vindingryk van netwerk bronne gebruik te maak, binne ʼn formele sowel as informele struktuur, word die moontlikheid van enige deelnemende onderneming om kennis te gebruik of te hergebruik, vergroot in ʼn gelyktydig groeiende kennisbasis. So ʼn “Kennis Netwerk” (KN) versterk die uitruil van kennis tussen individue, groepe en organisasies op informele sowel as formele maniere. Hierdie netwerk is ook meetbaar in die sin dat hoe meer suksesse aangekondig word, deur individue en organisasies wat aansluit, hoe meer ondernemings wil aansluit. Dit is duidelik dat kennis ten opsigte van die ontwerp, ontplooiing en bestuur van ʼn Kennis Netwerk uiters voordelig kan wees. Dit is ʼn uitdaging om ʼn Kennis Netwerk suksesvol te ontwerp en te ontplooi en daar is die afgelope dekade op ʼn wye front beperkte navorsing op hierdie terrein gedoen. Die ontwerp, ontplooiing en bestuursfunksies vereis ʼn goeie begrip van sosiale prosesse met beklemtoning van hoe mense leer en kennis uitruil. Die bestuur van ʼn Kennis Netwerk moet pro-aktief en sistematies benader word, ten opsigte van die beplanning en ontplooiing van ʼn geformaliseerde netwerk vir die skep en oordrag van kennis. Die bevordering en verbetering van omstandighede kan formele sowel as informele netwerkbeoefening binne ʼn groter samewerkende netwerk van ondernemings vestig. Hierdie proefskrif bied ʼn verfynde metodologie vir die inisiëring, ontplooiing en bestuur van ʼn Innovasie Projek wat gebaseer is op die beskikbare navorsing wat in hierdie domein gerapporteer is. Dit behels konsepte van generiese, gedeeltelike en spesifieke padkaarte, asook die beste praktyke, patrone en voorbeelde en gee geleentheid vir individuele spanne om kennis ten opsigte van spesifieke projekte en kundigheid in konteks te bekom vir latere hergebruik.
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Aziz, H. "A methodology for the distributed and collaborative management of engineering knowledge." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443350.
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Tokode, Olukayode. "Collaborative knowledge construction in problem-based learning : a corpus-based study." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/42602/.
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Background Effective disease diagnosis and treatment relies on a conceptual knowledge base that is both expansive and well-networked. The problem-based learning (PBL) curriculum is considered as being well-suited to creating this kind of knowledge. The facilitator plays a crucial role in establishing and maintaining the knowledge construction discourse as students interact to resolve case problems. An exploration of tutorial talk could provide opportunities to understand and improve verbal interactions of this nature. Many of the previous studies have only analysed a small amount of tutorial talks owing to methodological constraints, and the existing literature on the subject matter only scarcely touches upon the utility of lexicogrammatical methods for the development of an understanding of knowledge construction in medical PBL tutorials. In this research, a blend of corpus linguistics methodology and a lexicogrammatical approach was employed for the analysis of talk in 8 PBL tutorial groups in order to deepen our understanding of how students jointly construct knowledge and how the facilitator guides the process. Aims In this study, a corpus of 2,37,820 comprising eight PBL students’ and facilitators’ tutorial talk was created to achieve the following aims: I. To use the students’ subcorpus to answer the research question (1) by measuring the frequencies and describing the functions of the frequently occurring (1) referring expression indicators; (2) shared knowledge indicators; (3) knowledge extension indicators; and (4) knowledge enhancement indicators. II. To use the facilitators’ subcorpus to answer the research question (2) by measuring the frequencies and describing the functions of the commonly occurring (1) facilitators’ questions; (2) facilitators’ directive expression indicators; and (3) facilitators’ probability indicators. III: To make recommendations based on the results of the study. Methodology Wmatrix 3 was used to retrieve defined linguistic indicators relating to the research questions. A quantitative analysis of the indicators was performed through word frequency computation and a keyword-in-context analysis. Descriptive statistics with SPSS version 22 was used to computer frequency profile of the indicator functions, and the Log likelihood calculator was used to determine the variation of the functions across the eight PBL groups. Extracts from the dataset were provided to illustrate the indicators’ functions. I. Results of Students’ talk analysis The subcorpus contained 2,10,077 words. The most frequent contents of the students’ talk comprised biomedical science and cause-effect vocabularies. 1. Analysis of referring indicators There were 2,325 referring expression indicators. They were used to mark verbal expressions, amounting to 44.04%; mental expressions, amounting to 42.24%; and learning situation and materials, amounting to 13.72%. The referring expressions were used for providing peer commendation, sharing knowledge, fostering social and cognitive regulation, and for constructing knowledge; the mental referring expressions were used to generate hypotheses, achieve mutual understanding, and define group tasks; and learning referring expressions were used to share learning resources, explain concepts, as well as guide discussions and resolve conflicts. 2. Analysis of shared knowledge indicators There were 3,437 shared knowledge expression indicators, which are the following: affirmation (73%), negation (17%), and non-lexical content (10%). Affirmative indicators were mostly used for integration-oriented knowledge sharing (42.31%); negation affirmation expressions were mostly used for conflict-oriented knowledge sharing (70%); and non-content indicators were mainly used for idea and information orientation. Shared knowledge was commonly achieved among group members through information addition, repetition and rephrasing, paraphrasing, causal and noncausal elaboration, correction of ideas and information recollection, and by establishing orientation to ideas and information from the group members. 3. Analysis of knowledge extension indicators There were 6,520 retrieved knowledge extension indicators, which comprised the following: additive 4,227 (63.54%), alternative 1,001 (15.05%), and adversative 1,424 (21.41%). Adversative indicators were more frequently used for knowledge construction compared to additive (33% versus 16%; LL 32.58, p < 0.01) and alternative indicators (33% versus 13%; LL 95.74, p < 0.01). The students commonly used additive indicators for simple, temporal, causal-conditional, elaborate, contrastive, and indefinite additions. Alternative indicators were commonly used for offering alternative questions and ideas while adversative indicators were frequently used to link elaborative, contrastive, concessional, and causal-conditional clauses. 4. Analysis of knowledge enhancement indicators A total of 6,402 indicators were retrieved. The most frequent among the retrieved 6,402 indicators were because, so, as, when, and that. Between 16.94% and 29.24% of the indicators were used for knowledge co-construction. The most frequent indicators’ functions were conditional, extension, report, consequence, inference, and feature specification. The reporting functions regularly concerned biomedical theory, previous peer knowledge, research evidence, professional opinion, as well as cognitive tools and criticism; extension function related to biomedical knowledge; and feature specification functions involved biomedical attributes and explanation; the conditional functions were frequently used to state logical conditions for disease presence, manifestation, and treatments; the inferential functions were more consistently used to link biomedical deductions to their premise; and the consequential functions commonly related to the linking of physiological mechanism and organ function to their respective consequences. II: Results of facilitators’ talk analysis The subcorpus contained 27,743 words. The most frequent content comprised biomedical science and cause-effect vocabularies. 1. Facilitators’ questions There were 35 types of question indicators. The facilitators asked 0.78 lower-order questions per 100 tokens, and 0.25 higher-order questions problem-based per 100 tokens. The questions functioned to stimulate elaboration, elicit information, prompt students, and the offering of suggestions. 2. Analysis of directive expressions ‘Should’, ‘have to’, ‘need’, ‘supposed’, ‘would’, and ‘can’ directive expression indicators were found to be most frequent. They were used to mark expectation, indirect question, and they were commonly used to preface requirement, exhortation, and intention. The indicators functioned frequently to facilitate group process (53.45%) and direct learning (42.00%). 3. Analysis of probability expression indicators There were of 27 types, out of which 9 were frequently occurring. The probability expression indicators were frequently used to mark possibility, prediction, hedging, and logical deductions. The indicators functioned to preface content information given to the students, to mark process facilitation remarks, and to mark facilitators’ questions. Discussion and conclusion The study demonstrated the feasibility of using corpus linguistics to study medical students’ knowledge construction talk; provided evidence of knowledge construction through prior knowledge mobilisation, knowledge extension, and enhancement; and signified the attainment of shared knowledge. The facilitators frequently asked lower-order questions; the directive expressions indicators were used to mark content-related and learning behaviour expectations and requirements; and the probability expression indicators were frequently used to mark content information given to the students. This study shows that students construct knowledge in their PBL tutorials. The pedagogic issues that emerged from the study relates to subversion of the PBL facilitation principles. A wholistic understanding of the factors that affect the behaviours of the facilitators in the classroom is important to resolve this problem. This may involve tutor pedagogic education and recalibration of administrative policies and institutional culture to provide an enabling environment for PBL instructional approach.
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Keel, Paul E. (Paul Erich). "Knowledge trading : computational support for individual and collaborative sense-making activities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28807.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-132).
(cont.) outlined. 2. Demonstration that computer systems can use the discovered relations among data items to help users search for relevant information, prioritize the data exchange between collaborating users, and visualize data in various ways. This investigation looks at how a human's increasing knowledge about a problem space is influential in the subsequent accumulation of new data. The findings are converted into computational equivalents that can support individual and collaborative sense-making processes.
This dissertation explores the potential for computational systems to analyze and support individual and collaborative human sense-making activities. In this context human sense-making refers to the act of mentally and physically relating pieces of information so as to develop an understanding of a particular situation. Human sense-making activities such as brainstorming, decision-making, and problem solving sessions often produce a lot of data such as notes, sketches, and documents. The participants of sense-making activities usually develop a good understanding of the relations among these individual data items. These relations define the context. Because the relations remain within the minds of the participants they are neither accessible to outsiders and computational systems nor can they be recorded or backed up. This dissertation outlines a first set of computational mechanisms that construct relations from the spatial arrangement, use, and storage of data items. A second set of computational mechanisms takes advantage of these relations by helping users to keep track of, search for, exchange, arrange, and visualize data items. The computational mechanisms are both adaptive and evocative, meaning that the computational mechanisms dynamically adapt to users and changing circumstances while also trying to influence the human sense-making process. Contributions: 1. Demonstration that computer systems can discover probable relations among data items from their spatial arrangement and use by users. This work identifies and analyzes various human mental processes involved in the determination of possible relations among data items such as documents on a work desk or files in a computer system. A computational equivalent is proposed for every mental process
by Paul Erich Keel.
Ph.D.
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Barbosa, Ana Paula Franco Paes Leme. "Managing collaborative R&D with different types of knowledge sources." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-12062018-121650/.
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While several studies have shown the existence of dissimilarities among diverse types of external knowledge sources, little attention has been given to identifying the project management success factors that are most suitable for each of them. Based on a quantitative exploratory approach, this study examines the relationship between Success Factors is Collaborative R&D project management and project performance, examining evidence on the dichotomy of Science-based and Market-based knowledge sources. Performance here is a multidimensional construct bringing together several dimensions: Budget, Time Schedule, Technical Quality, Patents, Publications and Overall Success Performance. The Project Management set of success factors evaluated were related to Clearly Planning the Project, Mutually Agreeing on Project Plans, Progress Monitoring and Effective Communication. To optimize performance, our findings strongly suggest the need for an R&D project management approach contingent on external knowledge source. More specifically, Clearly Defining Expectations, Objectives and Responsibilities and Jointly Agreeing on Human Resources Characteristics improve the Technical Quality of the projects with Science-based sources. In projects with Market-based sources, Discussing the Sources of Conflict, Defining Appropriation Issues and Milestones, and doing these together improve the Schedule performance. No association of performance improvement with Project Progress Monitoring was identified in projects made exclusively with Science-based sources. Success factors for Effective Communication also show some different effects on performance by knowledge sources. Informal Communication is positively and significantly correlated to the Technical Quality of the project for Science-based sources; however, Having Pre-Defined Communication Strategies is correlated to performance only for Market-based sources. These findings contribute to practice in Collaborative Project Management, identifying success factors to be emphasized, depending on the type of knowledge source involved in the project.Enquanto diversos estudos identificaram que existem dissimilaridades entre os vários tipos de fontes externas de conhecimento, pouca atenção foi dada a identificação dos fatores de sucesso em gestão de projetos que são mais adequados a cada uma delas. Com base em uma abordagem exploratória quantitativa, este estudo examina a relação entre os fatores de sucesso em gestão de projetos de P&D em colaboração e o desempenho desses projetos, evidenciando o dicotomia entre projetos realizados em colaboração com fontes de conhecimento de base científica e de base de mercado. Nesse estudo, Performance é um construto multidimensional que reúne várias dimensões: Custo, Prazo, Qualidade Técnica, Patentes, Publicações e uma Avaliação Geral de sucesso do resultado do projeto. O conjunto de fatores de sucesso em Gestão de Projetos avaliados estão relacionados a: Clareza no planejamento do projeto, Acordo conjunto sobre os planos do projeto, Monitoramento do progresso do projeto e a Eficácia na comunicação. Para otimizar a performance, nossos resultados reforçam a necessidade de uma abordagem contingencial em gestão de projetos. Mais especificamente, em projetos realizados em colaboração com fontes de conhecimento de base científica, a Clara definição de Expectativas, Objetivos e Responsabilidades e o Acordo conjunto sobre as características dos recursos humanos melhora a Qualidade Técnica do projeto. Em projetos realizados com fontes de conhecimento base de mercado, Discutir a fonte do conflito, Definir assuntos de apropriação e metas e fazer isso conjuntamente, melhora a performance relacionada ao tempo planejado para o projeto. Nenhuma associação de melhoria de performance relacionada ao uso de Monitoramento do Progresso do Projeto foi identificada em projetos feitos exclusivamente com fontes de base científica. Ações para a Eficácia da comunicação também apresentam alguns efeitos diferentes na performance segundo a fonte de conhecimento envolvida, já que Comunicação informal é positiva e significantemente correlacionada à Qualidade técnica do projeto na amostra de projetos realizados com fontes científicas; entretanto, ter Estratégias de comunicação pré-definidas é o que se correlaciona com a performance apenas em fontes de base de mercado. Tais resultados contribuem para a prática de gestão de projetos em colaboração, auxiliando a identificar fatores de sucesso a serem enfatizados considerando a fonte de conhecimento como variável moderadora.
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Horvath, Gregory Michael. "Collaborative Spaces for Increased Traceability in Knowledge-Intensive Document-Based Processes." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1249923218.
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Keel, Paul Erich. "Knowledge trading : computational support for individual and collaborative sense-making activities." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1201.
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This dissertation explores the potential for computational systems to analyze and support individual and collaborative human sense-making activities. In this context human sense-making refers to the act of mentally and physically relating pieces of information so as to develop an understanding of a particular situation. Human sense-making activities such as brainstorming, decision-making, and problem solving sessions often produce a lot of data such as notes, sketches, and documents. The participants of sense-making activities usually develop a good understanding of the relations among these individual data items. These relations define the context. Because the relations remain within the minds of the participants they are neither accessible to outsiders and computational systems nor can they be recorded or backed up. This dissertation outlines a first set of computational mechanisms that construct relations from the spatial arrangement, use, and storage of data items. A second set of computational mechanisms takes advantage of these relations by helping users to keep track of, search for, exchange, arrange, and visualize data items. The computational mechanisms are both adaptive and evocative, meaning that the computational mechanisms dynamically adapt to users and changing circumstances while also trying to influence the human sense-making process.
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Culver, Diane M. "Enriching knowledge: A collaborative approach between sport coaches and a consultantfacilitator." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29091.
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The purpose of this research project was to explore how knowledge can be enriched when a sport pedagogy and psychology consultant/facilitator collaborated with sport coaches to help them learn through their everyday coaching experiences. A collaborative inquiry approach was used. As the initiating researcher, I acted as a consultant/facilitator, working with coaches of two sports, athletics and alpine skiing. Data were mostly generated using interviews (semi-structured and on-going informal), participant observation, my journal, and, in Study Two, group meetings. In Study One, I made myself available as a consultant to six coaches from one athletics club, if they wanted to share any coaching issues with me. For six months I visited the coaches while they worked. The coaches mostly shared issues relating to sport psychology. Interactions among these coaches were mostly one-on-one, with little sharing of coaching issues between themselves. My work with them was of the same individual nature. The first two parts of Study Two involved two contexts in which I acted as a facilitator with groups of ski coaches (Part One, seven coaches and Part Two, six coaches). My role was to nourish knowledge creation within the coaches' community of practice (CoP). A series of round table meetings were the site for much of the negotiation of meaning that was the result of coaches sharing knowledge about coaching issues. The coaches found they learned a lot, that communication between them was improved, they enjoyed the process, and that their athletes benefited from all of this. In Part Three of this study, I stepped back and observed what happened to the CoPs without a facilitator. Two groups were involved in this study. One group was partially successful but found it difficult to keep up the learning in the CoP without a person responsible for coordinating the process. The other group had leadership problems and never met with the purpose of learning through negotiation of issues relating to their practice. Knowledge sharing in this group was mostly one-on-one. Recommendations are made concerning coach education, especially in relation to how this approach to learning through participation can compliment existing formal education.
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Gallaher, Patrick O'Rourke Julie. "Effective use of collaborative information technology to enhance group performance /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FGallaher.pdf.
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O'Rourke, Julie, and Patrick Gallaher. "Effective use of collaborative information technology to enhance group performance." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1427.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThis research was inspired by the need to create a universal net-centric environment to enable collaborative defense capabilities and deliver knowledge dominance to the DoD. Since superior information management and the use of collaborative IT technologies is fundamental to building intelligence capabilities, this study aims to contribute to the optimization of collaborative system use by military groups and organizations. The proposed research model illustrates and explains the direct relationships between collaborative IT competence and collaborative functionalities, which can be used not only to assess current technologies but also aid in requirements generation for designing the ideal collaborative tool suite. Central to the research model we introduce the concept of collaborative IT competence, defined as the effective use of collaborative functionalities, and explore its relationship to performance outcomes. Having pre-tested and validated the proposed research model by means of empirical data collection in the form of an end-user survey instrument we recommend further research be conducted on a Navy-wide scale to evaluate the 181 collaborative technology tools currently in use. End-user/warfighter insight will dramatically influence future CIT investment decisions by providing decision makers critical information regarding the pragmatic versus the advertised attributes of the application/tool suite. Additionally, this model is designed to provide the road map to the ideal combination of core functionalities and required collaborative IT competence.
Major, United States Marine Corps
Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy
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Cianbroni, Samuel Henrique da Silva. "Perspectivas e impasses na mobilização de conhecimentos em música de graduandos em situações de colaboração pianística : estudos exploratórios." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/134043.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar perspectivas e impasses de mobilização de conhecimentos musicais em graduandos nas situações de colaboração pianística. Três bacharelandos em piano foram investigados em três diferentes modalidades de colaboração: instrumental, coral e vocal solo. A metodologia qualitativa se valeu do estudo de caso para a descrição dos dados, coletados através de entrevistas, registro de ensaios, aulas, exames institucionais e performances públicas. Os conceitos de Charlot (2000) sobre mobilização de conhecimentos e o modelo de Santos (2007) foram os fundamentos que nortearam a pesquisa. O modelo de Santos (2007) revelou-se passível de ser empregado no estudo, principalmente no que se refere às diferenças apontadas acerca do ciclo de investigação e de autorregulação, que se revelou distinto entre os participantes investigados. As perspectivas e impasses de mobilização de conhecimentos revelaram-se nas diferentes maneiras de perceber e abordar a atividade de colaboração com as quais os participantes estavam envolvidos, imbuídos tanto de suas crenças como de valores demonstrados. O estudo colocou em evidência dois fatores: (i) a influência que experiências prévias sistematizadas (ou seja, já aprendidas) e formas de interesse pessoal exercem nesta vertente de prática musical e (ii) a importância de se investigar o que já existe em termos de conhecimentos vivenciados (e sistematizados) nas experiências dos estudantes de graduação a fim de se buscar relacionar formas de conhecimento com maneiras de aprender.The present work aimed to investigate perspectives and deadlocks of musical knowledge mobilization in undergraduate at pianistic collaboration situations. Three piano bachelors were investigated in three different types of collaboration: instrumental, choral and vocal solo. Qualitative methodology relied on case study for the data description, collected through interviews, rehearses registration, classes, institutional exams and performances. Charlot’s (2000) concepts about knowledge mobilization and Santos’ (2007) model were guide references of this research. Santos’ (2007) model proved to be capable of being employed in this study, mainly for the differences pointed out about research and self-regulation cycle, which proved to be distinct among the investigated participants. The knowledge mobilization perspectives and impasses was revealed at the different ways to understand and address the collaboration activity to which the participants were involved, imbued of their beliefs and stated values. The study showed two factors: (i) the influence exercised by former experiences (already learned) and personal interest in this aspect of musical practice and (ii) the importance of investigating what is already known in terms of experienced knowledge (systematized) of undergraduate students in order to relate forms of knowledge and ways of learning.
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Fourie, Colin Ralph. "Collaborative regional organisational networks : cultivating regional knowledge diffusion to become globally competitive." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97096.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The thesis takes as its focus collaborative regional organisational networks. It is argued that in knowledge intensive sectors, such collaboration clusters are an important factor for being competitive in a global economy. To substantiate this claim, both a regional case study of the KwaZulu-Natal Information and Communications and Electronics Technology (ICTE) cluster forum is undertaken and a single firm case of MicroVision Software, a member of the cluster forum. The introductory chapter provides background about the global extent of collaborative activity especially in the high technology and knowledge-intensive sectors. Chapter 2 examines how regions across the world have developed strategies to grow and maintain their economic strengths in the knowledge economy. This is primarily described through two reference cases studies. The case of the Humberside Training and Enterprise Council (TEC) conducted by Fryer, comprising around 70 organisations, is an example of how the principles of complexity theory can be implemented to yield a network model based on autonomy, connectivity, feedback, community and leadership. This case provides a reference model for how to provide an enabling environment for collaborative knowledge networks. The flat panel display (FPD) research done by Spencer demonstrates the effectiveness of successful regional strategies for convergent, knowledge-diffusion networks. Spencer’s work shows that whilst most FPD technologies were initially invented in US laboratories in the 1960s, all portable computers produced after 1989 contained Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screens that were primarily manufactured in Asia. Spencer found that regions were most competitive when the regional knowledge-diffusion networks are at their highest density levels and when guided by a strategic centre. Chapter 3 turns to the macro case study of the KZN ICTE Cluster Forum. The forum was established to address factors identified in a study commissioned by the KZN DEDT, which found that whilst the electronics sector in KZN has many innovative firms and skilful graduates, knowledge diffusion networks are virtually non-existent. The case study shows how this forum tried to encourage collaboration, but failed to accomplish most of its goals. Chapter 4 provides a micro case study of a particular organisation, MicroVision Software, that participated in the KZN ICTE Cluster Forum. The case takes the form of participatory or action research, because it is about the author's own journey as an entrepreneur. The case study shows the critical role that network ties and networked organisation played in the projects undertaken. It is shown how the organisation underwent many phases of re-invention as a result of changes in the ICT environment. It is argued that the various education management systems developed, which involve large systems integration challenges, can only succeed if a clustered organisation is developed around it. The concluding chapter considered how the ICTE Cluster Forum could be re-invigorated, given the lessons from the reference case studies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis fokus op organisatoriese streeksamewerkingsnetwerke. Hierin word daar argumenteer dat in kennis intensiewe sektore in die globale ekonomie sulke samewerkingsnetwerke ‘n sentrale kompeterende faktor is. Om hierdie stelling te bevestig word twee gevallestudies ondersoek, naamlik die KwaZulu-Natal Information and Communications and Electronics Technology (ICTE) groepsforum en ‘n enkele firma, MicroVision Software, wat ‘n lid is van hierdie forum. Die inleidende hoofstuk skets die agtergrond van die globale omvang van samewerkingsnetwerke met die klem op die hoë tegnologie- en kennis- intensiewe sektore. Hoofstuk 2 ondersoek hoe streke wêreldwyd strategieë ontwikkel het om hulle ekonomieë te groei en hulle ekonomiese voordeel te handhaaf in die kennis- ekonomie. Dit word hoofsaaklik beskryf met die hulp van twee gevallestudies wat as verwysingspunt dien vir die latere gevallestudies wat uitgevoer is. Die geval van Humberside Training and Enterprise Council (TEC), ‘n ondersoek van ongeveer 70 organisasies deur Fryer, is ‘n voorbeeld van hoe die beginsels van kompleksiteitsteorie geimplimenteer kan word om ‘n netwerkmodel te vestig wat geskoei is op outonomie, konneksies, terugvoerlusse, en leierskap. Die geval bied ‘n verwysingsraamwerk vir die skep van ‘n vrugbare omgewing vir samewerkende kennisnetwerke. Die platpaneelskerm (Flat Panel Display) industrie navorsing deur Spencer demonsteer die effektiwiteit van suksesvolle streekstrategieë vir uiteenlopende, kennisgebaseerde verspreidingsnetwerke. Spencer se werk illustreer dat alhoewel die meeste platpaneelskerm-navorsing aanvanklik in Amerikaanse laboratoria plaasgevind het, alle skootrekenaars wat na 1989 vervaardig is, vloeikristalskerms (LCD) wat van Asië afkomstig was bevat het. Spencer het bevind dat areas hoogs kompeterend was wanneer kennisgebaseerde verspreidingsnetwerke op sy hoogste digtheidsvlakke was en deur ‘n strategiese sentrum bestuur is. Hoofstuk 3 fokus op die makro gevallestudie van die KZN ICTE groepsforum. Die forum is gestig om kwessies wat geїdentifiseer is in ‘n studie aangevra deur die KZN DEDT aan te spreek. Dié studie het bevind dat alhoewel die elektronika sektor in KZN bestaan uit baie innoverende firmas en bedien is deur bekwame graduandi, het kennisgebaseerde verspreidingsnetwerke feitlik nie bestaan nie. Die studie toon hoe hierdie forum samewerking aangemoedig het, maar tog gefaal het in die meeste van sy doelwitte. Hoofstuk 4 bied ‘n mikro gevallestudie van ‘n spesifieke maatskappy, Microvision Software, wat deel was van die KZN ICTE groepsforum. Dit handel oor die outeur se eie wedervaringe as ‘n entrepreneur en is dus aksie navorsing. Dié gevallestudie belig die kritiese rol wat netwerke gespeel het in die sukses van die projekte wat die maatskappy onderneem het. Dit wys hoe die maatskappy verskillende fases van herontdekking en herposisionering as gevolg van voortdurende verandering in die inligtingstegnologie-landskap ondergaan het. Daar word geargumenteer dat die verskeie opvoedkundige bestuurstelsels ,wat grootskaalse integrasieuitdagings bied, slegs suksesvol kan wees wanneer daar ‘n samewerkingsnetwerk daar rondom gevestig word. Die finale hoofstuk oorweeg die moontlikhede van herlewing en bemagtiging van die ICTE groepsforum.
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Angelo, Raymond Fontana. "Collaborative Group Learning and Knowledge Building to Address Information Systems Project Failure." NSUWorks, 2011. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/79.
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Approximately half of the information systems (IS) projects implemented each year are considered failures. These failed projects cost billions of dollars annually. Failures can be due to projects being delivered late, over-budget, abandoned after significant time and resource investment, or failing to achieve desired results. More often than not, the failure of a project is not due to technical issues, but due to social and business-related problems. These issues can include a communication breakdown and lack of participation by project stakeholders; lack of a business case and success criteria for a project; failure to review project status, delays and revisions; and unrealistic schedules.
While educators cannot address the issue of project failure in information systems directly, they can target the need to build collaboration skills and sensitivity to project business and social issues in students. The building of these skills and sensitivities can lead to more effective project team members and managers. Conversely, there is little evidence that higher education prepares students to be collaborators.
One goal of this research was to determine to what extent students demonstrated group knowledge construction through online discussion of project issues presented in a real-world business scenarios. The Interaction Analysis Model for Examining Social Construction of Knowledge in Computer Conferencing (IAM) was chosen to measure group knowledge construction through discussions in a series of project problem scenarios. A second goal was to determine to what extent the knowledge construction through group discussion increases students' perceived level of awareness of information systems projects' social and business issues.
Both goals of this research were realized to some extent. This study demonstrated that by the use of scenarios to expose students to typical social and business causes of failure in information systems projects, awareness of these issues could be enhanced between the pre-test and post-test groups. This study also demonstrated that through participation in discussion groups, individuals can demonstrate significant growth in collaboration skills.
Further research should examine a population that has more balance with regard to gender of the participants, and should consider the influence of "guided reflection" provided by instructors.
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Qin, Hao. "Design knowledge capture and reuse in an integrated and collaborative working environment." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2016. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/design-knowledge-capture-and-reuse-in-an-integrated-and-collaborative-working-environment(f2a2c8c0-2475-401b-b475-e089aa3f5a89).html.
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Capturing engineering designers’ knowledge and experience on the design of an artefact is important as this knowledge can explain why the artefact has been designed as it is, how key decisions have been made and what important issues have been considered. This tacit design knowledge enables designers to make informed decisions and improve efficiency in similar projects in the future. However, the capture and reuse of this kind of knowledge reminds to be great challenge, as it often exists in designers’ brains and is difficult to codify. Previous research is predominantly focused on the explicit knowledge of design objects that can be codified rather than the underlying tacit knowledge which explains the problem-solving strategies and decision-making processes. Additionally, engineering design is increasingly conducted in a collaborative working environment enable by the state-of-the-art information technologies. This trend has highly influenced the ways of knowledge capture and reuse, while is not well addressed by existing research. To fill these gaps, this research aims to explore new systematic methods and knowledge models for the capture and reuse of design knowledge as well as for the development of the next-generation knowledge management systems for engineering design. The development and application of these systematic methods and knowledge models requires a good understanding of the new requirements of knowledge management for engineering design, involving interdisciplinary research work across engineering and computing science. Thus, a comprehensive methodology is employed in this research, which consists of three parts. Firstly, a requirement analysis is undertaken through a literature review and a survey study to identify designers’ information needs and information-seeking behaviours within the new context. Secondly, the characteristics of engineering design knowledge are analysed, and on this basis a knowledge framework and a knowledge representation model are developed to support knowledge categorisation and representation. Thirdly, a methodology for applying these methods is analysed in order to design and develop a prototype system for implementation. Through the evaluation of both the proposed methods and system in a number of engineering design projects, the models have been proved to be capable and efficient in capturing design knowledge for better reuse, while the system not only proves the feasibility of the proposed methods but also provides the prototype of the next-generation collaborative knowledge management system.
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Jiahui, Yu. "Research on collaborative filtering algorithm based on knowledge graph and long tail." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18828.
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Background: With the popularization of the Internet and the development of information technology, the network information data has shown an explosive growth, and the problem of information overload [1] has been highlighted. In order to help users, find the information they are interested in from a large amount of information, and help information producers to let their own information be concerned by the majority of users, the recommendation system came into being. Objectives: However, the sparseness problem, the neglect of semantic information, and the failure to consider the coverage rate faced by the traditional recommendation system limit the effect of the recommendation system to some extent. So in this paper I want to deal with these problems. Methods: This paper improves the performance of the recommendation system by constructing a knowledge graph in the domain and using knowledge embedding technology (openKE), combined with the collaborative filtering algorithm based on the long tail theory. And I use 3 experiments to verify this proposed approach’s performance of recommendation and the ability to dig the long tail information, I compared it with some other collaborative filtering algorithms. Results: The results show that the proposed approach improves the precision, recall and coverage and has a better ability to mine the long tail information. Conclusion: The proposed method improves the recommended performance by reducing the sparsity of the matrix and mining the semantic information between the items. At the same time, the long tail theory is considered, so that users can be recommended to more items that may be of interest.
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Lin, Chih-Wei, and 林志偉. "Establishing Knowledge-Flow View Model for Collaborative Knowledge Support." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99477851780602877425.
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博士國立交通大學
資訊管理研究所
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In knowledge-intensive working environments, workers need task-relevant knowledge and documents to support their task performance. Thus, how to effectively fulfill workers’ knowledge-needs is an important issue in realizing knowledge management in organizations. From a knowledge-needs perspective, a knowledge flow (KF) represents a flow of individual’s or group members’ knowledge-needs and referencing behavior of codified knowledge in conducting tasks. The flow has been utilized to facilitate organizational knowledge support by illustrating workers’ knowledge-needs systematically and precisely. However, conventional knowledge-flow models cannot work well in cooperative teams, which team members usually have diverse knowledge-needs in terms of task functions and roles. The reason is that those conventional models only provide one single view to all participants and do not reflect individual knowledge-needs in teams. Hence, the novel concepts and theoretical model of knowledge flow view (KFV) are proposed in this dissertation. The KFV model builds virtual knowledge flows derived from a base KF to provide abstracted knowledge to serve different workers’ knowledge-needs from task function and role perspectives. This dissertation uses domain ontology as the base of knowledge node abstraction. Hence, base knowledge flows are built to represent workers’ knowledge-needs systematically. Based on the base knowledge flows, a theoretical model of KFV is investigated and developed for discovering virtual knowledge nodes and virtual knowledgeflows. The KFV model abstracts the knowledge nodes of partial base knowledge flow to generate virtual knowledge nodes according to task functions, through knowledge concept induction and generalization. In addition, this dissertation proposes a role-based KFV model to investigate different knowledge-needs of distinct roles. The model exploits the relevance degrees between roles and knowledge nodes to derive virtual knowledge nodes and analyzes roles’ required knowledge concept level and operation required knowledge concept level to derive knowledge concepts of virtual knowledge nodes. The models of KFV and the concept of virtual knowledge flow are innovative, which extends the scope of knowledge flow research and enhances the efficiency of cooperative knowledge support in organizations.