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Academic literature on the topic 'Collapsible Soils'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Collapsible Soils"

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AL-Rawas, A. A. "State-of-the-Art-Review of Collapsible Soils." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 5 (December 1, 2000): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol5iss0pp115-135.

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Collapsible soils are encountered in arid and semi-arid regions. Such soils cause potential construction problems due to their collapse upon wetting. The collapse phenomenon is primarily related to the open structure of the soil. Several soil collapse classifications based on parameters such as moisture content, dry density, Atterberg limits and clay content have been proposed in the literature as indicators of the soil collapse potential. Direct measurement of the magnitude of collapse, using laboratory and/or field tests, is essential once a soil showed indications of collapse potential. Treatment methods such as soil replacement, compaction control and chemical stabilization showed significant reduction in the settlement of collapsible soils. The design of foundations on collapsible soils depends on the depth of the soil, magnitude of collapse and economics of the design. Strip foundations are commonly used when collapsing soil extends to a shallow depth while piles and drilled piers are recommended in cases where the soil extends to several meters. This paper provides a comprehensive review of collapsible soils. These include the different types of collapsible soils, mechanisms of collapse, identification and classification methods, laboratory and field testing, treatment methods and guidelines for foundation design.

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Mashhour, Ibrahim, and Adel Hanna. "Drag load on end-bearing piles in collapsible soil due to inundation." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 53, no. 12 (December 2016): 2030–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2015-0548.

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Collapsible soils may experience sudden and excessive settlement when inundated. The use of pile foundations that penetrate the collapsible soil layer to reach a firm stratum is widely used in practice. However, when the ground is inundated, large and sudden settlement of the surrounding soil may take place, causing negative skin friction on the pile’s shaft, which may lead to catastrophic failure. In the literature, research dealing with negative skin friction for piles in collapsible soil is lagging due to the complexity of modeling collapsible soil analytically. Alternatively, results of sophisticated experimental investigation may produce valuable information to predict the negative skin friction and accordingly the drag load on these piles. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on a single end-bearing pile in collapsible soil. The investigation is tailored to measure the soil collapse before and during inundation and the associated drag load on the pile. The theory proposed by Hanna and Sharif in 2006 for predicting negative skin friction on piles due to consolidation of the surrounding soft clay was extended to predict the negative skin friction for these piles in collapsible soils. A proposed design procedure is presented.

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Culshaw, M. G., K. J. Northmore, I. Jefferson, A. Assadi-Langroudi, and F. G. Bell. "Chapter 6 Collapsible Soils in the UK." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 29, no. 1 (2020): 187–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/egsp29.6.

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AbstractMetastable soils may collapse because of the nature of their fabric. Generally speaking, these soils have porous textures, high void ratios and low densities. They have high apparent strengths at their natural moisture content, but large reductions of void ratio take place upon wetting and, particularly, when they are loaded because bonds between grains break down upon saturation. Worldwide, there is a range of natural soils that are metastable and can collapse, including loess, residual soils derived from the weathering of acid igneous rocks and from volcanic ashes and lavas, rapidly deposited and then desiccated debris flow materials such as some alluvial fans; for example, in semi-arid basins, colluvium from some semi-arid areas and cemented, high salt content soils such as some sabkhas. In addition, some artificial non-engineered fills can also collapse. In the UK, the main type of collapsible soil is loess, though collapsible non-engineered fills also exist. Loess in the UK can be identified from geological maps, but care is needed because it is usually mapped as ‘brickearth’. This is an inappropriate term and it is suggested here that it should be replaced, where the soils consist of loess, by the term ‘loessic brickearth’. Loessic brickearth in the UK is found mainly in the south east, south and south west of England, where thicknesses greater than 1 m are found. Elsewhere, thicknesses are usually less than 1 m and, consequently, of limited engineering significance. There are four steps in dealing with the potential risks to engineering posed by collapsible soils: (1) identification of the presence of a potentially collapsible soil using geological and geomorphological information; (2) classification of the degree of collapsibility, including the use of indirect correlations; (3) quantification of the degree of collapsibility using laboratory and/or in situ testing; (4) improvement of the collapsible soil using a number of engineering options.

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Isidro, Miguel, Pablo Trejo, and Marko López. "Soil water characteristic curve parameters of collapsible sand in Lambayeque, Peru." MATEC Web of Conferences 337 (2021): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133701005.

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Several structures are built on collapsible soils in the mining and petroleum industries and on civil sites. In order to analyze the stability of such structures, one must properly study the unsaturated soil behavior. Collapsible soils are frequent sand soil that are susceptible to a significant and sudden reduction in volume upon wetting. An important factor is matric suction, which es related to moisture content through the soil water Characteristic Curve (SWCC), the SWCC is obtained through a filter paper technique and provides a valuable relationship between suction and water content unique to soils. This measures the influence of parameters on the behavior of the structure of collapsible soil. Interactions between structure and soil must be properly evaluated as the bearing capacities of shallow and deep foundations are linked to properties of soil suction, moisture, and grade saturation. This work has experimentally measured the parameters of suction and moisture on the behavior of collapsible sands, where an oil storage tank will be built in the city of Lambayeque in Peru. Undisturbed soil specimens obtained from geotechnical exploration campaigns were used. The filter paper method used in this study was that proposed by models of Brooks-Corey and Van Genuchten. Results show consistent values near reported values from literature.

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Krutov, V. I. "Foundation construction on collapsible soils." Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering 24, no. 6 (November 1987): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01707265.

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Vilar, Orencio Monje, and Roger Augusto Rodrigues. "Collapse behavior of soil in a Brazilian region affected by a rising water table." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 48, no. 2 (February 2011): 226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t10-065.

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Collapsible soils are usually nonsaturated, low density, and metastable-structured soils that are known to exhibit a volume reduction following an episode of moisture increase or suction reduction. This paper describes the collapsible behavior of clayey sand based on controlled soil suction tests carried out on undisturbed samples from the city of Pereira Barreto, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Foundation settlements due to soil collapse are common in this region and occurred during the filling of the reservoir of the Três Irmãos Dam, which induced the elevation of the groundwater table in different parts of Pereira Barreto. This paper shows that collapse strains depend on the stress and soil suction acting in the sample and that saturation is not necessary for a collapse to occur. The influence of soil suction, gradual wetting, and the wetting and drying cycle on the collapsible behavior of the soil is also shown and discussed.

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Fagundes, Luiza P., Jhaber D. Yacoub, Andrey C. Lima, Flávia R. Nakatsuchi, José A. Lollo, Jorge L. Akasaki, and Mauro M. Tashima. "Improvement of Collapsible Soil Behavior of a Lateritic Soil Using Rice Husk Ash." Key Engineering Materials 668 (October 2015): 290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.668.290.

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Great areas of Brazil present lateritic soils, such as the northeast and the south. Some of these soils have, as main characteristic, instable structures that can present considerable volumetric deformation in the presence of water. This behavior, also named collapse, is responsible for several problems on the building construction such as cracks and fractures that can damage the safety of structures. The aim of this paper is to assess the possibility of improvement of collapsible behavior of a lateritic soil using rice husk ash (RHA). A previous characterization of soil and RHA was performed in order to assess the combined effect of soil/RHA. The results are so promising, showing a new alternative to reduce the collapsible behavior of soils using an environmental friendly technology.

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Juang, C. H., and David J. Elton. "Predicting Collapse Potential of Soils with Neural Networks." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1582, no. 1 (January 1997): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1582-04.

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Collapsible soils are known to experience a dramatic decrease in volume upon wetting. This can be very detrimental to structures founded on collapsible soils. Whereas field testing might be the most reliable way to determine collapse potential, the engineer often sees it as the last resort. Neural network models for predicting the collapse potential of soils on the basis of basic index properties are presented. Field data, consisting of index properties and collapse potential, are used to train and test neural networks. Various network architectures and training algorithms are examined and compared. The trained networks are shown to be able to identify the collapsible soils and predict the collapse potential.

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Kalantari, Behzad. "Foundations on collapsible soils: a review." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Forensic Engineering 166, no. 2 (May 2013): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/feng.12.00016.

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Houston, Sandra L., and Mostafa El‐Ehwany. "Sample Disturbance of Cemented Collapsible Soils." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 117, no. 5 (May 1991): 731–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1991)117:5(731).

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Collapsible Soils"

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Al-Janabi, Ahmed [Verfasser]. "Hydro-Mechanical Analysis of Unsaturated Collapsible Soils and their Stabilization / Ahmed Al-Janabi." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1155166043/34.

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Al-Obaidi, Qasim Abdulkarem Jassim Verfasser], Tom [Gutachter] Schanz, and Achim [Gutachter] [Hettler. "Hydro-mechanical behaviour of collapsible soils / Qasim Abdulkarem Jassim Al-Obaidi ; Gutachter: Tom Schanz, Achim Hettler." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1133361552/34.

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Al-Obaidi, Qasim [Verfasser], Tom [Gutachter] Schanz, and Achim [Gutachter] Hettler. "Hydro-mechanical behaviour of collapsible soils / Qasim Abdulkarem Jassim Al-Obaidi ; Gutachter: Tom Schanz, Achim Hettler." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-42805.

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Revanasiddappa, K. "Collapse Behaviour Of Red Soils Of Bangalore District." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/220.

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Collapse phenomenon is exhibited by two types of residual soils. The first category of collapsing residual soils is believed to be transported soils that have undergone post-depositional pedogenesis. The second category of collapsing residual soils is highly weathered and leached soils formed by in-situ weathering of parent rock. Residual red soils occur in Bangalore District of Karnataka State. Physical and chemical weathering of the gneissic parent rock formed the residual soils of Bangalore District. The red soils of Bangalore District are generally moderate to very highly porous (porosity range 35-50%). These soils are also unsaturated owing to presence of alternate wet and dry seasons and low ground water table. Moderately to highly porous, unsaturated red soils occur in Pernambuco State of Brazil. These residual soils formed by weathering of gneissic rock significantly collapse on wetting under external pressures. Kaolinite is predominant clay mineral in the red soils of Bangalore and Pernambuco Districts. Similarities exist in the mode of soil formation, clay mineralogy, porosity and degree of saturation (Sr) values of the red soils from Pernambuco State, Brazil, and Bangalore District. Given the collapsible nature of red soils from Pernambuco State, Brazil, the red soils from Bangalore District also deserve to be examined for their potential to collapse in the compacted and undisturbed conditions. The roles of initial dry density, compaction water content, clay content and flooding pressure (the external stress at which a laboratory specimen is inundated is termed as flooding pressure in this thesis) in determining the collapse behaviour of compacted soils are well recognized. However, the influences of above parameters on the collapse behaviour of compacted red soil specimens from Bangalore District are lacking. Such studies are essential as they help to identify the critical compaction parameters (dry density and water content), soil composition, and applied stress level that needs to be controlled by the fill designer in order to minimize wetting-induced collapse. The importance of matric suction in the collapse behaviour of unsaturated soils is well recognized. Yet, the influence of matric suction in the collapse behaviour of compacted soils has only been indirectly examined by varying the compaction water content/degree of saturation of the soil specimens. The climate of Bangalore District is characterized by alternate wet and dry seasons which affects the soil microstructure and the matric suction. Both these parameters have a significant influence on collapse behaviour of unsaturated soils. Cyclic wetting and drying is expected to have a significant bearing on the collapse behaviour of residual soils and is therefore examined. The red soil deposits of Bangalore District are important from foundation engineering view point as they are subjected to structural loading. Owing to the presence of alternate wet and dry seasons and low ground water table, red soil deposits of Bangalore District are more often than not unsaturated. These foundation soils would however be susceptible to increase in moisture content from causes such as infiltration of rainwater, leakage of pipes or watering of lawns and plants. Given the porous and unsaturated nature of undisturbed red soils from Bangalore district, their collapsible nature deserves to be examined for reliable estimation of foundation settlements. To achieve the above objectives, experiments are performed that study: 1.The influence of variations in compaction dry density, initial water content and matric suction, clay content and flooding pressure on the collapse behaviour of a representative red soil sample from Bangalore District. 2.The influence of repeated wetting and drying on the collapse behaviour of compacted red soil specimens. 3.The collapsible nature of undisturbed red soil samples from different locations in Bangalore District. The organization of this thesis is as follows: After the first introductory chapter, a detailed review of literature highlighting the need to study the collapse behaviour of unsaturated red soils of Bangalore District, Karnataka in the compacted and undisturbed states comprises Chapter 2. Chapter 3 presents a detailed experimental programme of the study. Details of representative and undisturbed red soil samples from Bangalore District, Karnataka State, India were used in the study are provided. Determination of collapse potential of compacted and undisturbed soil specimens using conventional oedometer is discussed. Determination of matric suction of compacted and undisturbed specimens by ASTM Filter paper method and pore size distributions by mercury intrusion porosimetry is detailed. Methods to perform cyclic wetting and drying of compacted red soil specimens in modified oedometer assemblies is detailed. These experiments are performed to examine the influence of cyclic wetting and drying on the collapse behaviour of compacted red soil specimens. Chapter 4 examines the collapse behaviour of a compacted red soil from Bangalore District. The influence of variations in compaction dry density, initial water content and matric suction, flooding pressure and clay content on the collapse behaviour of the representative red soil from Bangalore District are examined. Besides measuring the initial matric suction of the compacted red soil specimens, mercury intrusion porosimetry was performed on selected compacted red soil specimens. Experimental results showed that compacted red soils from Bangalore District exhibited tendency to swell and collapse at the experimental range of densities and water contents. Red soil specimens compacted to relative compactions > 90 % at water contents below OMC swelled at flooding pressures lower than 200 kPa. Red soil specimens compacted to relative compactions < 90 % at water contents below OMC significantly collapsed at flooding pressures larger than 200 kPa. Hence maintenance of the design water content during construction of compacted red soil fills is essential to minimize wetting induced volume changes. Experiments showed that the relative abundance of coarse pores (60 to 6 μm, pore radius) were mainly affected on increasing the relative compaction of the specimens from 84 % (dry density = 1.49 Mg/m3) to 100 % (dry density = 1.77 Mg/m3). The relative abundance of the coarse and fine (0.01 to 0.002 μm) pores were both affected on increasing the compaction water content from 10.6 to 26.4 %. These variations in pore size distributions provided better insight into the variations of collapse potential with variations in compaction parameters. ASTM filter paper method showed that for the selected compaction conditions the initial matric suction of the compacted red soil specimens varied between 60 and 10,000 kPa. Further, variations in degree of saturation at a constant relative compaction or variations in relative compaction at a constant degree of soil saturation notably affected the matric suction of the compacted soil specimens. It was also inferred that a clay soil with a higher liquid limit is characterized by a higher matric suction at a given water content. Variations in clay content affected the collapse potentials of soil specimens compacted to dry densities of 1.49 and 1.66 Mg/m3. These specimens exhibited maximum collapse at about 26 % clay content. It is suggested that greater destabilization of inter-particle contacts caused by loss of matric suction on flooding was primarily responsible for the soil specimen containing the critical clay content of 26 % to exhibit maximum collapse potential. Increase in initial dry density, initial water content, clay content of the soil specimen and flooding pressure increased the time-duration of collapse of the compacted soil specimens. The time-duration of collapse was observed to range between 3 and 100 minutes for the tested specimens. Chapter 5 examines the influence of alternate wetting and drying on the collapse behaviour of compacted red soil specimens of Bangalore District. The compacted specimens were subjected to alternate wetting and drying cycles at surcharge pressures of 6.25 and 50 kPa in modified oedometer assemblies. Studies were also performed to examine whether the initial placement conditions have any bearing on the collapse behaviour of red soil specimens subjected to four cycles of wetting and drying. Mercury intrusion porosimetry was performed on a few desiccated red soil specimens. Experimental results showed that cyclic wetting and drying caused the desiccated specimens to exhibit similar or lower swell and collapse potentials than the compacted specimens. Such a behaviour resulted despite the desiccated specimens (specimens subjected to four cycles of wetting and drying are termed as desiccated specimens) possessing similar void ratios but much lower water contents than the compacted specimens. The restraining influence of the desiccation bonds and alteration of soil structure is considered responsible for the reduced swell and collapse tendencies of the desiccated specimens. The desiccation bonds imparted higher apparent preconsolidation pressures to the desiccated specimens. The initial compaction conditions also have a strong bearing on the collapse potentials of the desiccated specimens. Compacted red soil specimens subjected to cyclic wetting and drying under a higher surcharge pressure of 50 kPa exhibited larger swell potentials and lower collapse potentials than specimens desiccated at 6.25 kPa. Besides their lower void ratios, the presence of stronger desiccation bonds also contributed to their lower collapse potentials. The presence of stronger desiccation bonds in specimens desiccated under higher surcharge pressure was indicated by their higher apparent preconsolidation pressures. Chapter 6 examines the collapse behaviour of undisturbed red soil specimens from three locations in Bangalore District at a range of flooding pressures. Studies on the variations in initial water content and effect of remoulding on the collapse behaviour of the undisturbed specimens is supplemented by measuring the initial matric suction and performing mercury intrusion porosimetry experiments. Experimental results showed that based on their collapse potential at 200 kPa, the undisturbed red soils of Bangalore District classified as troublesome to moderately troublesome foundation soils. The bonded structure of the undisturbed red soil specimens imparted them higher apparent preconsolidation pressures and lower swell/collapse potentials than their remoulded counterparts. Variations in in-situ dry density, degree of saturation and relative distribution of pore sizes affected the matric suction and collapse potentials of the undisturbed specimens Chapter 7 summarizes the conclusions of this thesis.

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Gutierrez, Nelcí Helena Maia. "Influências de aspectos estruturais no colapso de solos do norte do Paraná." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-28042006-095725/.

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Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o comportamento colapsível, sob o aspecto estrutural, de três perfis de solos tropicais típicos, que ocorrem na região norte do Paraná e que podem ser considerados representativos do território brasileiro. Dois desses perfis são classificados pela pedologia como Latossolos Vermelhos, um de textura argilosa e outro de textura média e o terceiro perfil, de textura argilosa, como Nitossolo Vermelho. Tem por objetivo, também, em função da abordagem pedológica adotada para a caracterização dos solos, poder associar comportamentos característicos observados para as diferentes classes estudadas, visando a extrapolação e aplicação desses conhecimentos a outros solos de ocorrência em zona tropical que se enquadrem nas mesmas classes dos materiais estudados. Ensaios edométricos simples e duplos foram conduzidos para a avaliação da colapsibilidade dos solos. O acompanhamento da evolução da macro e da microestrutura dos solos, antes e após colapso, através de análises micromorfológicas, permitiu estabelecer correlações com a dinâmica do colapso. Os resultados apontam um comportamento colapsível em todos os níveis dos perfis dos Latossolos enquanto que, para o horizonte característico do Nitossolo, as deformações volumétricas por inundação não foram suficientes para classificá-lo como colapsível. Os resultados ressaltam, ainda, a influência da tensão de pré-adensamento virtual e dos fatores pedogenéticos na variabilidade das características físicas dos solos analisados e na magnitude do colapso. Os maiores coeficientes de colapso parecem estar associados principalmente à presença, em maior proporção, de plasma microagregado com porosidade intermicroagregado fortemente comunicante; porosidade total elevada e existência de macroporos
Collapsible soils behavior, under the structural aspect, of three typical tropical soil profiles that occur in the region of North Paraná, considered representative in the national territory, are analysed at this thesis. Two of these profiles are classified by the pedology as Red Oxisoil, one of clayey texture and the other of medium texture. The third profile, of clayey texture is classified as Red Nitosols. The objective of this study is also to be able to extrapolate the result and behavior observed at this soil profiles for other sites which present similar characteristics on a pedological point of view. Double and simple oedometric tests were conducted for soil collapsibility evaluation. The evolution of the macro and microstructure of the soil were observed, before and after the collapse, through micromorphological analysis, allowing the establishment of correlations with the collapse dynamics. Test results point out to a collapsible behavior in all the levels of Oxisoil profile while for the characteristics horizon on Nitosol the volumetric deformation because of soaking was not sufficient to classify it as collapsible. Test results also highlight the influence of virtual pre-consolidation and pedogenetic factors in the variability of the physical characteristics of soil and in collapse magnitude. Highest collapsibility coefficient may to be mainly associated to the presence, in greater proportion, of microaggregate plasma with strongly communicating intermicroagregated void; high total porosity and the presence of macropores

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Baytar, Ali Ozgur. "Effects Of Fly Ash And Desulphogypsum On Geotechnical Properties Of Cayirhan Soil." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606083/index.pdf.

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Collapse in soils occur when a partially unstable, partially saturated open fabric under high enough stress causing a metastable structure with large soil suction, or in the presence of a bonding or cementing agent, is allowed to free access to additional water. Such excess water reduces soil suction and weakens or destroys the bonding, this causing shear failure at the interaggregate or intergranular contacts, consequently, the soil collapses. In this study, the collapsible soils found in the Ç
ayirhan Thermal Power Plant area has been stabilized by using the desulphogypsum, and fly ash obtained from the Ç
ayirhan Thermal Power Plant. An extensive laboratory testing program has been undertaken to provide information on the geotechnical properties of collapsible soil treated by Ç
ayirhan fly ash and desulphogypsum. At the end of the test program, it has been seen that the collapsible soil (compacted) can be stabilized by adding fly ash and desulphogypsum. Although a significant change on the collapse potential was not observed when fly ash and desulphogypsum added samples were compared with compacted sample without stabilization, but there is an increase in unconfined compressive strength values due to stabilization.

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Zhang, Xiong. "Consolidation theories for saturated-unsaturated soils and numerical simulation of residential buildings on expansive soils." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2747.

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The coupled and uncoupled consolidation theories for saturated-unsaturated soils have been discussed. A new method for constructing the constitutive surfaces for saturated-unsaturated soils has been proposed. The consolidation processes for saturated-unsaturated soils have been explained by thermodynamic analogue. One dimensional consolidation theory for saturated-unsaturated soils is presented and a new method is proposed to calculate the immediate settlement, total settlement and the time history of the consolidation settlement manually in the same way as what we have done for saturated soils with a higher accuracy. It makes the consolidation theory of unsaturated soils as applicable as that of saturated soils. This method can also be used to perform uncoupled two or three dimensional consolidation calculation for both expansive soils and collapsible soils. From the analysis, the equivalent effective stress and excessive pore water pressure can be easily calculated. At the same time, the physical meanings for the parameters in the constitutive laws for saturated-unsaturated are illustrated. A new set of the differential equations for the coupled two or three dimensional consolidation of saturated-unsaturated soils are proposed, together with the corresponding method to solve the differential equations. It is also proved numerically and analytically that during the consolidation process the Mandel-Cryer effect exists for unsaturated expansive soils and there is a ??reverse?? Mandel-Cryer effect for unsaturated collapsible soils. A new method is proposed to estimate the volume change of expansive soils. A complete system is proposed for the numerical simulation of residential buildings on expansive soils. The strength of this method lies in its use of simple and readily available historic weather data such as daily temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, wind speed and rainfall as input. Accurate three dimensional predictions are obtained by integrating a number of different analytical and numerical techniques: different simulation methods for different boundary conditions such as tree, grass, and bare soils, coupled hydro-mechanical stress analysis to describe deformation of saturated-unsaturated soils, jointed elements simulation of soil-structure interaction, analysis of structure stress moment by general shell elements, and to assess structural damage by the smeared cracking model. The real-time and dynamic simulation results are consistent with filed measurements.

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Freitas, Milena Cardoso de. "Avaliação de técnica de melhoria de solos colapsíveis por meio de colunas de solo laterítico compactado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-28112016-095823/.

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A fundação direta é limitada em solos colapsíveis pois o efeito do colapso é mais acentuado nas camadas superficiais do terreno. Diante deste cenário, nesta pesquisa foi avaliada uma nova técnica de reforço de solo com a finalidade de viabilizar o uso de fundações diretas para controlar e reduzir o recalque das fundações devido ao colapso. A técnica proposta consiste na execução de colunas de solo laterítico compactado, inseridas na camada colapsível. O processo de compactação das colunas provoca a densificação do solo ao seu entorno, e consequentemente reduz a compressibilidade da massa de solo reforçado. Neste trabalho também foi verificado se a compactação radial do solo em torno da coluna estava relacionada com a geometria do pilão utilizado. Para compreender estes efeitos, foram realizados ensaios em laboratório, em escala reduzida, para avaliar qualitativamente duas geometrias de pilões diferentes, uma cônica e outra cilíndrica (tradicionalmente utilizada na engenharia de fundações). Como resultado desta análise, concluiu-se que a geometria cônica apresentou uma maior compactação lateral do solo no entorno da coluna, comparando-se com a geometria cilíndrica. Para analisar a eficiência do método de reforço proposto, foram executadas e ensaiadas colunas em escala real no solo colapsível do Campo Experimental de Fundações da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos da Universidade de São Paulo. Para esta análise, foram realizadas provas de carga em placa em solo com e sem reforço. Os ensaios foram realizados com e sem a inundação do terreno para se verificar o efeito da inundação no comportamento do solo reforçado. Desta forma, foi possível avaliar o ganho de capacidade de carga e a redução dos recalques devido à execução dos elementos de reforço ensaiados. Por meio dos resultados obtidos nas provas de carga em placa constatou-se a eficiência do método na redução do recalque e no aumento da capacidade de carga. Comparando-se as curvas dos ensaios de placa com e sem reforço, observou-se um aumento da capacidade de carga de quatro vezes em consequência da instalação do reforço.
The use of shallow foundation is limited on collapsible soils due to the collapse effect pronounced in superficial layers. Considering this scenario, this research presents a new soil reinforcement technique in order to reduce the settlement of foundations due to the collapse. The proposed technique involves the execution of compacted lateritic soil columns inserted into the collapsible soil. The compaction of these columns causes the densification of the surrounding soil and consequently reduces compressibility of the reinforced soil mass. In this work, it was also evaluated the effect of the hummer geometry on the radial compaction of the soil around the column. For this evaluation, laboratory tests were conducted using two different geometries of hammer, one conical and other cylindrical (traditionally used in foundation engineering). The results showed that the conical geometry provided greater lateral compaction of the soil around the column compared to the cylindrical geometry. The efficacy of the compacted lateritic soil columns was evaluated by the results of plate load tests performed on the collapsible soil of the Experimental Field of the University of São Paulo in São Carlos city. The tests were carried out on a plate installed in the ground with and without reinforcement. The gain on bearing capacity and settlement reductions due to the reinforcement were verified by using these tests results. The tests were performed in natural and in flooded condition to verify the efficiency of the soil reinforcement in the flooding situation. Based on the results of the plate load tests, it was verified the efficacy of the method to reduce the effect of collapse. The load-displacement curves of the load tests showed that the solution evaluated provided an increase of 400% on the ultimate capacity of the plate installed on the collapsible soil tested in this investigation.

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9

Costa, Yuri Daniel Jatobá. "Estudo do comportamento de solo não saturado através de provas de carga em placa." Universidade de São Paulo, 1999. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-21032007-100535/.

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Abstract:

Este trabalho apresenta resultados de provas de carga em placa com monitoramento do teor de umidade e da sucção matricial do solo, realizadas a 1,5 m de profundidade em um solo não saturado e colapsível, considerado representativo da região centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo. Foram executados ensaios com e sem inundação da cava, do tipo lento (SML), rápido (QML) e misto (lento até um determinado estágio, passando a rápido a partir de então). O acompanhamento do teor de umidade e da sucção durante os ensaios foi realizado através de pesagem de amostras, com a utilização da técnica de reflectometria no domínio do tempo (TDR) e com o auxílio de tensiômetros. A partir dos dados obtidos, procedeu-se a uma análise da influência da sucção na resposta do sistema solo-placa. Foi observado que o aumento da sucção provoca um crescimento substancial da capacidade de carga do solo. Comparando-se ensaios inundados com não inundados, observou-se que o colapso do solo mostra-se mais proeminente com o aumento da sucção. Com respeito à técnica de reflectometria no domínio do tempo, a mesma demonstrou um desempenho satisfatório para medidas de teor de umidade in situ.
This work presents results of plate load tests with measurements of soil moisture content and matric suction, carried out at a 1.5 m depth in an unsaturated collapsible soil, considered as representative of the middle-west region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The tests were performed with and without the wetting of the pit. Three test methods were used: slow maintained load (SML), quick maintained load (QML), and mixed tests (SML up to a certain stage, switched to QML from there on). Soil moisture content and suction were measured through gravimetric determination on samples, the time domain reflectometry technique (TDR), and tensiometers. The gathered data allowed an assessment of the influence of the soil suction over the soil-plate system response. It was observed that the increase in suction causes a substantial increase in soil bearing capacity. Comparisons between wet and non-wet tests showed that soil collapse is higher when suction rises. The time domain reflectometry technique showed a promising performance with respect to in situ water content measurements.

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10

Macacari, Marcos Fernando. "Variação da capacidade de carga com a sucção e profundidade em ensaios de placa em solo colapsível." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-29012016-122933/.

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Abstract:

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de provas de carga em placa com monitoramento da sucção e do teor de umidade, realizadas nas profundidades de 1,5, 4,0, 6,0 e 8,0 m no Campo Experimental de Fundações da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, cujo perfil geotécnico é representativo da região centro-oeste do Estado de São Paulo. Para cada profundidade também se realizou ensaios com pré-inundação do terreno, representando a condição de sucção de matricial nula. Constatou-se que a profundidade e a sucção matricial média no solo sob a placa influem significativamente na capacidade de carga no sistema solo-placa. As curvas tensão x recalque obtidas não se caracterizam ruptura nítida nem indicam o modelo de ruptura física, exigindo assim, a adoção de critérios de ruptura convencional. Devido à semelhança dessas curvas com as curvas e x log\'sigma\' de ensaios de adensamento e, por isso, utilizou-se o método de PACHECO SILVA (1970) como um critério ruptura convencional, comparando-se com valores da tensão de pré-adensamento obtidos em laboratório. Também se utilizou o recalque de 25 mm para obter a correspondente ruptura convencional.
This work presents the results of plate load tests with measurements of soil matric suction and moisture content, carried out in the depths of 1,5 , 4,0 , 6,0 and 8,0 m at the Experimental Field of Foundations of School of Engineering of São Carlos, whose soil profile is representative of the middle-west region of the State of São Paulo. For each depth tests with previous flooding of the land, representing the condition of null matric suction. Were also carried out It was verified that the depth and the average matric suction in the soil under the plate influence significantly in the load capacity of the soil-plate system. The stress settlement curve obtained does not characterize clear rupture nor indicate the model of physical rupture, demanding the adoption of approaches of conventional rupture. Due to the similarity of those curves with the e x log\'sigma\' curves from consolidation tests and, to put that, PACHECO SILVA (1970) method was used as an approach to conventional rupture, being compared with values of the preconsolidation stress obtained in laboratory. It was also used settlement of 25 mm to obtain the corresponding conventional rupture.

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Books on the topic "Collapsible Soils"

1

White, Jonathan L. Collapsible soils in Colorado. Denver, Colo: Colorado Geological Survey, 2008.

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Derbyshire, Edward, Tom Dijkstra, and Ian J. Smalley, eds. Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0097-7.

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Grigori︠a︡n, A. A. Pile foundations for buildings and structures in collapsible soils. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1997.

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Derbyshire, E. Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils. Ingramcontent, 2012.

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D, Derbyshire Edward, Dijkstra Tom, Smalley Ian J, North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division., and NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils (1994 : Loughborough, England), eds. Genesis and properties of collapsible soils. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995.

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(Editor), Kyle M. Rollins, and Russell L. Owens (Editor), eds. Collapsible Soil Hazard Map for the Southern Wasatch Front, Utah. Utah Geological Survey, 1991.

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Collapsible soil hazard map for the Cedar City, Utah area. Utah Geological Survey, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/cr-91-10.

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Collapsible soil hazard map for the Southern Wasatch Front, Utah. Utah Geological Survey, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/mp-90-1.

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Book chapters on the topic "Collapsible Soils"

1

Culshaw, Martin, and I. Jefferson. "Collapsible Soils." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 162–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73568-9_61.

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Culshaw, MG, and I. Jefferson. "Collapsible Soils." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12127-7_61-1.

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Rogers, C. D. F. "Types and Distribution of Collapsible Soils." In Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils, 1–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0097-7_1.

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Nieuwenhuis, J. D., and M. B. Groot. "Simulation and Modelling of Collapsible Soils." In Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils, 345–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0097-7_18.

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Houston, Sandra L., William N. Houston, Claudia E. Zapata, and Chris Lawrence. "Geotechnical engineering practice for collapsible soils." In Unsaturated Soil Concepts and Their Application in Geotechnical Practice, 333–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9775-3_6.

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Handy, Richard L. "A Stress Path Model for Collapsible Loess." In Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils, 33–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0097-7_3.

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Mellors, Terry W. "The Influence of the Clay Component in Loess on Collapse of the Soil Structure." In Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils, 207–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0097-7_10.

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Houston, S. L., W. N. Houston, and H. H. Mahmoud. "Interpretation and Comparison of Collapse Measurement Techniques." In Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils, 217–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0097-7_11.

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Bentley, Stephen P., and Andrew J. Roberts. "Consideration of the Possible Contributions of Amorphous Phases to the Sensitivity of Glaciomarine Clays." In Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils, 225–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0097-7_12.

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Lin, Zaiguan. "Variation in Collapsibility and Strength of Loess with Age." In Genesis and Properties of Collapsible Soils, 247–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0097-7_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Collapsible Soils"

1

Lommler, John C., and Paola Bandini. "Characterization of Collapsible Soils." In IFCEE 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479087.167.

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Cameron, D. A., and R. Nuntasarn. "Pavement Engineering Parameters for Thai Collapsible Soil." In Fourth International Conference on Unsaturated Soils. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40802(189)86.

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Sakr, Mohamed, Mohsen Mashhour, and Adel Hanna. "Egyptian Collapsible Soils and Their Improvement." In GeoCongress 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40971(310)81.

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Sharma, Radhey S., and Sonal Singhal. "Preliminary Observation on Volumetric Behavior of Unsaturated Collapsible Loess." In Fourth International Conference on Unsaturated Soils. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40802(189)82.

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Abdrabbo, F. M., and T. M. Abdelaziz. "Study of the Infiltration of Water Through Collapsible Soil." In Fourth International Conference on Unsaturated Soils. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40802(189)85.

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Cumbers, Jason M., Eileen M. Dornfest, Daniel D. Overton, and Joe Harris. "Optimization of Compaction Grouting in Collapsible Soils." In Fifth Forensic Engineering Congress. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41082(362)29.

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Hanna, Adel, and Ibrahim Mashhour. "Drag Load on Piles in Partially Saturated Collapsible Soils." In Second Pan-American Conference on Unsaturated Soils. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481707.029.

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Cordão Neto, M. P., and M. M. Farias. "Coupled hydro-Mechanical Analysis of the Construction of Earth Fills Compacted with Collapsible Soils." In Fourth International Conference on Unsaturated Soils. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40802(189)198.

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IBRAHIM, SAMIR. "Plate Bearing Tests on Collapsible Soils Improved by Compaction." In Seventh International Conference On Advances in Civil and Structural Engineering - CSE 2017. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-127-6-33.

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Evans, Robert D., Ian Jefferson, Kevin J. Northmore, Ondrey Synac, and Colin J. Serridge. "Geophysical Investigation and In-Situ Treatment of Collapsible Soils." In GeoTrans 2004. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40744(154)179.

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Reports on the topic "Collapsible Soils"

1

El Howayek, Alain, Pao-Tsung Huang, Rachael Bisnett, and Maria Santagata. Identification and Behavior of Collapsible Soils. Purdue University, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284314625.

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Denham, Martha. The Use of Laboratory Testing to Understand the Behavior of Collapsible Soil Upon Wetting. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6548.

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