Academic literature on the topic 'Collected Works 1-199'
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Journal articles on the topic "Collected Works 1-199"
1
Priestley, M. B., and D. R. Brillinger. "The Collected Works of John W. Tukey. Volume 1: Time Series, 1949-1964." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (General) 148, no. 3 (1985): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2981973.
Full text
2
Mamo, M., J. A. E. Molina, C. J. Rosen, and T. R. Halbach. "Nitrogen and carbon mineralization in soil amended with municipal solid waste compost." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 79, no. 4 (November 1, 1999): 535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s98-065.
Full textAbstract:
Municipal solid waste (MSW) compost contains large amounts of organic matter that can be beneficial to soil. The objectives of this study were to measure N mineralization and acid hydrolyzable N in soil amended with MSW compost and correlate corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield with acid hydrolyzable N. The soil, an Orthic Black Chernozem (Entic Hapludoll) cropped to corn, was amended with composts at either 90 dry Mg ha−1 yr−1 from 1993 to 1995, or at 270 dry Mg ha−1 in one application in 1993. Soil samples were collected in the fall of 1994 and 1995 to measure C and N mineralization and acid hydrolyzable N. Potentially mineralizable N was estimated with the NCSOIL model after using C and N mineralization observed in the laboratory to calibrate the model. Net N immobilization occurred in compost-amended soils collected in 1994 with less than 0.2% of the total soil N mineralized in the compost treatments. In 1995, there was net mineralization in compost treatments but less than 5% of total soil N mineralized in 120 d. The addition of compost increased the acid hydrolyzable N of soil with 43–63% of the total soil N being acid hydrolyzable. Acid hydrolyzable soil N did not correlate to No but weakly correlated with corn grain yield. The MSW compost source was more important than the timing of application in inducing differences in soil biochemical properties. Keys words: Municipal solid waste compost, organic matter, potentially mineralizable nitrogen, acid hydrolysis
3
Campbell, H., T. M. Choo, B. Vigier, and L. Underhill. "Mycotoxins in barley and oat samples from eastern Canada." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 80, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 977–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p00-042.
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In Eastern Canada Fusarium species infect barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and oats (Avena sativa L.) more frequently than wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), yet information on mycotoxin contamination in barley and oats is lacking. Such information is essential to determine the need for control of fusarium head blight in barley and oats. Therefore, data were retrieved from the Mycotoxin Databank of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency to study mycotoxin contamination in Eastern Canada's barley and oats. Of the 116 barley samples collected from 1991 to 1998 crops, 84 (72%) were contaminated with deoxynivalenol (DON). Some samples contained up to 8–9 mg kg−1 of DON. DON contamination was particularly severe in recent years (1996, 1997, and 1998). DON contamination was less frequent and less severe in oats in comparison with barley. Only 34 of the 73 oat samples (47%) contained DON. Thirty-four percent of the barley samples (18/53) and 15% of the oat samples (4/26) contained nivalenol. Zearalenone, ochratoxin A, 3-acetyl DON, 15- acetyl DON, and T-2 were also detected at a low frequency; but HT-2, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), fusarenon X, 15-acetoxyscirpenol, and neosolaniol were not detected in these samples. The results suggest that breeding barley for resistance to DON accumulation is warranted in Eastern Canada. Key words: Barley, Hordeum vulgare, oat, Avena sativa, mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol
4
Suhailee, Suhailee, Ali Imron, Nafron Hasyim, Atiqa Sabardila, and Markhamah Markhamah. "BUNDA: KISAH CINTA 2 KODI BY ASMA NADIA: A STRUCTURALISM STUDY." Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) 4, no. 2 (October 12, 2020): 212–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/lire.v4i2.87.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to describe the socio-historic background of (1) Asma Nadia and (2) the structure of Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi, This study uses the descriptive qualitative method. The research strategy is embedded in case studies. The research data are in the form of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs in the novel Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi that contains information about the socio-historic background of Asma Nadia, and the structure of the novel. The primary data source is the novel and the secondary data source is relevant journal articles. The data were collected through the library, observation, and documentation techniques. The data were analyzed using the semiotic reading method, namely heuristic and hermeneutic reading. The results of the study are (1) Sociohistorical setting: Asma Nadia was born into a literary family (her grandfather, Teuku Muhammad Usman El Muhammady and her two siblings, Helvy Tiana Rosa and her brother Aeron Tomino, and her husband, Isa Alamsyah, were writers). Her works have particular characteristics: Islamic theme, simple language, and the struggle of Moslem women. (2) The structure of the novel: the theme is the struggle of a mother in a family. It uses the flashback method since the story takes a regressive plot. The important figures are Kartika, Aryani, Farid, Bagja, Farid’s mother, Anton’s mother and Siti. The setting: schools, Kartika boarding house, campus canteens, cinemas, bookstores, Aryani's house, hospitals, abortion clinics, Tanah Abang market, Aryani's in-law's house, mushalla, and food stalls. Time setting: 1962, 1963, 1965, 1989, 1992, 1998 and 2000. Social setting: Kartika comes from Javanese and Minangkabau parents, whose works are civil servants and teachers.
5
Philip L. Hertzler. "Rhodamine Fluorescence After 15-year Storage in Methyl Salicylate." Microscopy Today 14, no. 2 (March 2006): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500055383.
Full textAbstract:
Fading of fluorochrome is a significant limitation to fluorescence microscopy. Several anti-fade agents, e.g. n-propyl gallate, are commonly used for glycerol-based mounting media (Longin et al., 1993; Ono et al., 2001). Samples mounted in glycerol must be kept at -20°C for long-term storage to prevent bacterial degradation. In contrast, fluorescent samples cleared and mounted in organic media can be stored indefinitely at room temperature.Methyl salicylate or oil of wintergreen is an excellent clearing agent (refractive index = 1.53), which works well with a variety of fluorochromes. It has a pleasant aroma but is somewhat difficult to work with since it remains liquid after mounting. It was previously reported that shrimp embryos labeled with tubulin antibody and rhodamine-conjugated secondary antibody maintained their fluorescence after six months (Summers et al. 1993). These same samples, stained in November, 1990 and imaged by confocal microscopy for publication in Hertzler and Clark (1992), are still fluorescent after continuous storage in methyl salicylate at room temperature in the dark (Figure 1). The images of 62-cell stage shrimp embryos taken from these 1990 samples were collected with an Olympus Fluoview 300 laser scanning confocal microscope in January, 2006 in the Dept. of Biology, Central Michigan University.
6
Garriz, Patricia I., Hugo L. Alvarez, and Graciela M. Colavita. "Growth Dynamics of `Packham's Triumph' Pear Fruits." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 443B—443. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.443b.
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The objective of this work was to predict `Packham's Triumph' (Pyrus communis L.) fruit growth as a function of time using an empirical mathematical model. A mature crop was studied at the Experimental Farm of the Comahue National Univ., Rio Negro, Argentina, during the 1992–93, 1993–94, and 1994–95 growing seasons. Trees were selected at random and fruits were collected at weekly intervals. The range of sampling dates was 27 and 178 days after full bloom (DFB). Fresh fruit mass (FM) was measured using an electronic scale (n = 1169). Fruit number/trunk cross-sectional area was also determined; cultural practices were performed according to the local standard program. Equations were developed with SYSTAT procedure. Results showed that the following logistic model provided the most satifactory fit to the pooled data, as compared to the power and linear models: FM (g)= 316.081/(1+ e^5.030–0.039 DFB) R2=0.84 P < 0.001. The accuracy of predictions was tested on an independent crop in the 1995–96 growing season. According to the values of the statistical F test, no significant differences (Pr0.05) were detected between the mean squared deviations of the observed and the estimated values, suggesting that, overall, the model works well. It can provide growers with a means of determining adequate fruit mass at harvest, considering that unless a certain minimum size is obtained, the fruit will be given a lower grade and price.
7
Ovenell-Roy, K. H., M. L. Nelson, H. H. Westburg, and J. A. Froseth. "Effects of barley cultivar on energy and nitrogen metabolism of lambs." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 78, no. 3 (September 1, 1998): 389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a96-100.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research was to compare energy values, nitrogen metabolism and diet digestibility of four barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars grown in two different years, to identify the most important factors affecting variation. Six wether lambs (39.4 ± 1.6 kg) were assigned within period in a randomized complete block design to barley cultivar (1990 Camelot, 1990 Cougbar, 1990 Steptoe, 1991 Boyer, 1991 Camelot and 1991 Steptoe) and consumed a diet of 83% barley, 10% alfalfa pellets and 7% supplement on a DM basis. During each 14-d period, feed, orts, fecal and urine samples were collected during the last 7 d and methane emissions were quantified. Digestibility of NDF polymeric monosaccharides was lower (P < 0.10) for weathers fed 1990 Steptoe than all cultivars other than 1991 Boyer and was positively correlated to methane production (r = 0.52). Barley DE was not different among cultivars but, because methane production was greater (P < 0.10) for lambs fed 1991 Boyer (38 L d−1) than for those fed 1990 Steptoe (21 L d−1) and 1990 Camelot (26 L d−1), barley ME content of 1991 Boyer (12.3 MJ kg−1 OM) was lower (P < 0.10) than for 1990 Steptoe (13.4 MJ kg−1 OM). Nitrogen digestibility in lambs fed Camelot grown both years was greater (P < 0.05) than for most cultivars. Absorbed nitrogen was greatest (P < 0.10) in lambs fed 1991 Camelot and nitrogen retention (g d−1) tended to be greater than 1990 Cougbar (P = 0.14) and 1990 Camelot (P = 0.16) fed lambs. Cougbar, Boyer and 1991 Steptoe had lower feeding quality for ruminants because of lower energy and/or nitrogen metabolism, while both years of Camelot and 1990 Steptoe had greater ME values. Methane production, digestibility of NDF polymeric monosaccharides and nitrogen metabolism were major factors contributing to variability among barley cultivars within and between years. Key words: Barley, lambs, methane, metabolizable energy
8
Rees, H. W., T. L. Chow, and E. G. Gregorich. "Spatial and temporal trends in soil properties and crop yield at a site under intensive up- and down-slope potato production in northwestern New Brunswick." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 87, no. 4 (August 1, 2007): 383–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss07017.
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Few quantitative data are available to assess temporal changes in the soil quality of Canada’s agricultural lands. Site 20-NB was established in 1989 to monitor changes in an Orthic Humo-Ferric Podzol developed on coarse loamy till on a rolling landscape under intensive potato production in Atlantic Canada with soil compaction and water erosion the dominant forms of degradation. Sampling of soil and crop parameters was conducted on a 20 × 25 and 25 × 25 m grid basis with 66–90 sample locations. Baseline soil samples were collected in 1989 and the site was re-sampled in 1999. Samples were analysed for pH, available P, K, Ca and Mg, and total soil organic carbon (SOC). Field saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) at 12–22, 27–37 and 50–60 cm, earthworm counts and crop yield measurements were conducted annually. 137Cs data were collected to estimate long-term soil erosion. Annual runoff (May 01 to Nov. 30) and soil loss were measured. Seasonal soil loss between 1989 and 1999 was only 6522 kg ha-1 yr-1 compared with 137Cs-estimated soil displacement of 53 000 kgha-1 yr-1, occurring over the 1960 to 1990 period. In the Ap horizon, soil pH and P increased by 8 and 5%, respectively, while SOC was reduced by 8%. Some changes were identified in the subsoil (50–65 cm) with a 7% increase in pH and a 27% reduction in P. There was little annual variation in the Kfs of the Ap, B and C horizons which ranged from 0.4 to 1.3, from 0.7 to 1.3 and from 0.8 to 2.0 cm h-1. Solum Kfs was significantly less than in an adjacent forested area by 52–80%. Earthworm numbers increased at a rate of 1.5 earthworms m-2 yr-1. Crop yield did not show any temporal trend over the 10-yr period other than that it appeared to be significantly influenced by crop rotation. Potato yield (CV = 12) tended to be less variable than barley (CV = 22) or clover (CV = 21). The benefits of site specific management were found to be questionable. 137Cs-estimated soil loss was most strongly related to SOC (r = −0.66) and average potato yield (r = −0.55). Key words: Soil quality, soil carbon, hydraulic conductivity, earthworms, water erosion
9
Mischke, Steffen, and Michael E. Schudack. "Sub-Recent Ostracoda from Bosten Lake, NW China." Journal of Micropalaeontology 20, no. 1 (July 1, 2001): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.20.1.12.
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Abstract. In spite of early work by Daday (1903) and by Sars (1903a, b), the Recent and sub-Recent non-marine ostracod faunas of NW China remain poorly known. There is only little information included in later works, which have tended to focus on fossil Tertiary and Quaternary ostracods (e.g. Sun et al., 1999), rather than on Recent or sub-Recent taxa, although Yu & Martens (1997) have presented a very preliminary checklist for China as a whole.In an attempt to improve this situation, this note reports on ostracods collected from the largest ‘freshwater’ lake of NW China. Bosten Hu (Lake) (c. lat. 42°N, long. 87°E) covers an area of about 1020 km2 at an altitude of 1048 m above sea-level in an intermontane basin of the Chinese Tianshan Mountains. The lake has an outlet to the Tarim Basin in the south and had a salinity of about 1.0 g l−1 in 1950 which increased to 1.5 g l−1 in 1978 due to withdrawal of water from the main tributary (Kaidu He) for irrigation purposes. The lake is rather shallow with a maximum depth of 15.7 m, its volume being about 9.9 km3 (Berkner, 1993).Sampling of surface mud from the uppermost centimetres of the lake bottom and of plankton samples was carried out along several transects in nearly all parts of the lake. Altogether, 33 samples were collected by a mud grabber or a handnet, and by a diver. Surprisingly, no living specimens were found, although ostracod valves were very abundant in . . .
10
Miller, J. J., B. J. Read, D. J. Wentz, and D. J. Heaney. "Chemical composition of plants associated with saline sites in Alberta in relation to mineral requirements for beef cattle." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 76, no. 3 (September 1, 1996): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas96-056.
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Plant samples were collected from 102 saline sites in Alberta from 1990 to 1993 to determine major element and trace element concentrations in relation to mineral requirements for beef cattle. Zinc concentrations were most frequently (94%) below the minimum requirement for beef cattle, followed by Cu (92%), Se (87%), Na (49%), Mn (29%), K (21%), Mg (3%), Fe (1%) and S (1%). The element most frequently exceeding the maximum tolerable level for beef cattle was S (20%), followed by Mg (17%), Al (5%), Fe (5%) and Mo (1%). Beef cattle consuming plants from saline areas of Alberta are more likely to experience potential deficiencies than toxicities of chemical elements required for adequate nutrition. Key words: Major elements, trace elements, plants, saline areas, mineral requirements, beef cattle
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Collected Works 1-199"
1
Erginkaya, Cuneyt Kamil. "Housing Cooperatives As A Tool Of Urban Development In Adana." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615093/index.pdf.
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Housing problem had firstly emerged in Ankara after the establishment of Turkish Republic and increased after the 2nd World War. With the population increases in the cities, due to the migration from rural to urban areas, the housing need have increased also as well as the other requirements. Housing Cooperatives that had first developed at 1934 represent a new type of licensed residence. Some precautions such as financial support were taken by the governments to solve this continuously rising housing problem. Therefore, the housing cooperatives had been supported effectively by the governments especially after 1960&rsquos. In 1980&rsquo
s, the housing necessity caused different searches in governmental level. Then, a clear resurgence observed in the housing sector with the means of Mass Housing laws accepted. The housing efforts in Adana had been accelerated with the establishments of housing cooperatives after 1960&rsquo
s and the constructions had performed great leaps nearly in every decade. This thesis analyzes the effects of housing cooperatives on the urban development of Adana city.
2
Basmaci, Ipek. "Effect Of Ultrasound And High Hydrostatic Pressure (hhp) On Liquefaction And Quality Parameters Of Selected Honey Varieties." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611606/index.pdf.
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Heat treatment (around 50°C) is a major step in honey filling and packaging that is applied before filtration to decrease viscosity, reduce the moisture level, to destroy yeasts, liquefy crystals and delay crystallization. As a result, formation of Hydroxy Methyl Furfural (HMF), decrease in enzymatic activity, color deterioration, decrease in viscosity and many other structural changes are observed. HMF is produced as a result of Maillard reaction and/or hexose dehydration -which is undesirable-, practically, it is found in fresh honey in low levels, and increases due to heat treatment, storage temperature, pH (acidity) and sugar concentration of honey. HMF level and diastase number are important quality parameters and shelf life indicators of honey. Alternatives of v heat treatment may be the use of ultrasound and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) to decrease viscosity, liquefy honey and thus minimise adverse affects of heat treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of HHP (220-330 MPa, 50-60°
C, time) and ultrasound (24 kHz) on liquefaction and quality parameters (HMF, diastase number, color and viscosity) of different honey varieties (sunflower, cotton and canola) and to compare the changes with heat treated (50°
C and 60°
C, time) and untreated honey. Based on the results of the chemical and physical analysis, for HHP treatment the best treatment combination was determined as 220 MPa, 50°
C, 106 min. For ultrasound treatment the best treatment combinations were determined as 7 mm probe- 0.5 cycle (batch) applications. On this basis the study points out that Ultrasound and HHP can be suggested as alternative methods to traditional thermal treatment for the liquefaction of honey crystals. When compared to thermal treatment, Ultrasound is advantageous in shorter application times, slight changes in quality parameters and ease in operation. HHP treatment is also an alternative method with shorter application times and lower HMF values.
3
Yilmaz, Emrah Sercan. "Generalized Bent Functions With Perfect Nonlinear Functions On Arbitrary Groups." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614839/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis depends on the paper &lsquoNon-Boolean Almost Perfect Nonlinear Functions on Non- Abelian Groups&rsquo
by Laurent Poinsot and Alexander Pott and we have no new costructions here. We give an introduction about character theory and the paper of Poinsot and Pott, and we also compare previous definitions of bent functions with the definition of the bent function in the paper. As a conclusion, we give new theoretical definitions of bent, PN, APN ana maximum nonlinearity. Moreover, we show that bent and PN functions are not always same in the non-abelian cases.
4
Basbug, Basar. "Modeling Of Carbon Dioxide Sequestration In A Deep Saline Aquifer." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606244/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT
MODELING OF CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION
IN A DEEP SALINE AQUIFER
BASBUg, BaSar
M.S., Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering
Supervisor : Prof. Dr. Fevzi Gümrah July 2005, 245 pages CO2 is one of the hazardous greenhouse gases causing significant changes in the environment. The sequestering CO2 in a suitable geological medium can be a feasible method to avoid the negative effects of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. CO2 sequestration is the capture of, separation, and long-term storage of CO2 in underground geological environments. A case study was simulated regarding the CO2 sequestration in a deep saline aquifer. The compositional numerical model (GEM) of the CMG software was used to study the ability of the selected aquifer to accept and retain the large quantities of injected CO2 at supercritical state for long periods of time (200 years). A field-scale model with two injectors and six water producers and a single-well aquifer model cases were studied. In a single-well aquifer model, the effects of parameters such as vertical to horizontal permeability ratio, aquifer pressure, injection rate, and salinity on the sequestration process were examined and the sensitivity analyses were performed after simulating the field-scale model. The supercritical CO2, one-state fluid which exhibits both gas and liquid-like properties, and gaseous CO2 were sequestered in the forms of free CO2 bubble, dissolved CO2 in brine and precipitated CO2 with calcite mineral in a deep saline aquifer. The isothermal condition was assumed during injection and sequestration processes. The change in porosity and permeability values that might have occurred due to mineralization and CO2 adsorption on rock were not considered in this study. Vertical to horizontal permeability ratio and initial pressure conditions were the most dominating parameters affecting the CO2 saturation in each layer of the aquifer whereas CO2 injection rate influenced CO2 saturation in middle and bottom layers since CO2 was injected through bottom layer.
5
Kocabiyik, Cosku. "Chiliocomum: The &." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610656/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The territory of Pontus once occupied by the Mithridatic Kingdom in the Hellenistic Period and fell under the Roman Empire in the first century B.C., layed between the Pontus Euxine (Black Sea) and the northern edge of the Anatolian plateau. In his Geography Strabo describes Pontus with a detailed account of the settlements. In his description of his hometown Amaseia (Amasya today), he mentions a plain with 1000 villages called Chiliocomum. Indeed, the archaeological survey data indicates that there were a large number of
settlements dating to the Hellenistic and the Roman period in this region. The aim of this thesis is to quantify the settlement - environment relationship and to investigate and compare settlement patterns in the Hellenistic and Roman
periods by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS).
Data sets are used in the study includes a settlement database, topography, road network, soil and current landuse which were spatially analysed in GIS. Raster analyses, proximity analyses and density analyses are conducted in order to understand and compare site distribution and landuse. The results of the GIS analyses revealed that settlements were located in particular areas of the
landscape. Some of these areas continued to be settled from the Hellenistic through the Roman period, while others were abandoned and alternative landscapes have replaced them. The results of the various analyses were utilized to discuss issues related to the shift in the political power and the socio-political structure in the region from the Hellenistic and to the Roman period.
6
Tulce, Ayten Huma. "The Conservation Principles For The Brick And Tile Factories In Eskisehir." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614984/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is to develop conservation principles for the brick and tile industry in Eskisehir, one of the symbolic industrial cities in Turkey where brick and tile has been the significant production from the Early Republic Period.
The conservation of these structures, complexes and mechanical elements is a controversial issue owing to their physical, economical, social and administrative values. The principles how to conserve and why is searched through discussions on conservation approaches, development plans and values. Focusing on this aim, this study is structured in six parts as the research on industrialization and industrial heritage, review and discussion of value types, survey on brick and tile industry, the value assessment process for the factories with the proposed value types and the implementation of conservation principles.
In conclusion, the development of principles is an essential process in conservation of cultural heritage. This thesis proposes conservation principles over physical, social and administrative structure for industrial heritage for brick and tile factories in the Eskisehir Industrial Area.
7
Cetinkaya, Goksev. "An Analysis Of The Moral Development Of George Eliot'." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1218106/index.pdf.
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This study analyzes the moral development of George Eliot's characters in her novel Middlemarch according to Lawrence Kohlberg'
s theory called "
The Cognitive-Developmental Theory of Moralization"
. Eliot'
s moral view is characterized by man'
s relation with other men, not man'
s relation with God. As long as the individuals treat others with sympathy and understanding, they can develop morally. Eliot'
s aim is to contribute to the creation of a happier society by presenting the harms of egoism. According to Kohlberg'
s theory, individuals can develop their role taking abilities parallel to their cognitive developments. This development is displayed by three levels and at the heighest level an individual can go beyond the expectations of society with principles of justice and respect for basic human rights and dignity. However, although the characters in Eliot'
s novel are sometimes in conflict with the society, they tend to find solutions to their problems within the social structure they live in because Eliot contends that the harmony of society is more important than the personal satisfaction and happiness of individuals for the welfare and happiness of humanity as a whole.
8
Yesilay, Yasemin Ayse. "A Computer Simulator For Ball Mill Grinding." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605350/index.pdf.
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Ball mill grinding is an important operation in the processing of most minerals, in that it may be used to produce particles of the required size and shape, to liberate minerals from each other for concentration purposes, and to increase the powder surface area. Grinding of minerals is probably the most energy consuming task and optimization of this operation has vital importance in processing plant operations to achieve the lowest operating costs. Predicting the complete product size distribution, mill specifications and power draw are important parameters of this optimization.
In this study, a computer simulation program is developed in MATLAB environment to simulate grinding operations using the kinetic model in which comminution is considered as a process continuous in time. This type of model is commonly and successfully used for tumbling grinding mills having strongly varying residence time as a function of feed rate.
The program developed, GRINDSIM, is capable of simulating a ball mill for a specified set of model parameters, estimating grinding kinetic parameters from experimental batch grinding data and calculating continuous open and closed-circuit grinding behavior with mill power input. The user interacts with the program through graphical user interfaces (GUI&rsquos).
9
Serbetci, Barbaros. "Finite Element Analysis And Manufacturing Of Fin Connector Rod By Hot Forging Process." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610739/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Forging operation is one of the most commonly used manufacturing techniques in defense industry. The products of forging operation have higher material strength when comparing to traditional manufacturing operations. Especially, for the mass production, it is a beneficial method considering metal and cost saving.
The commonly used part named Fin Connector Rod in defense industry requires high material strength due to working conditions. In this thesis, manufacturing of this part by hot forging operation is accomplished after analyzing by using the finite element method.
Two alternative forging processes are compared and the applicable alternative method is selected by using a finite element program. Dies are designed for applied processes. The stress distribution and the current temperature variation within the parts analyzed to evaluate the results. The fin connector rod is manufactured according to the results of the finite element analysis. It has been observed that, manufacturing of the fin connector rod by hot forging is succeeded and the waste material and cost is reduced when compared to the machining operation which is being used currently.
10
Akin, Tugce. "Communication Of Smart Materials: Bridging The Gap Between Material Innovation And Product Design." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610999/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is intended to help eliminate misconceptions and missing information
over the realm of smart materials, by offering a newly structured &lsquoInformation Hierarchy for Smart Materials Communication for Industrial / Product Design&rsquo
. Industrial and product designers are invited to use the findings of the thesis to assist in developing a common smart materials language and culture, enriched by details, technicalities, opportunities, and creative and innovative material attributes. The study commences with the creation of a concise and compact reservoir of technical knowledge on smart materials and critically contrasts two established systems of classification for smart materials. Then, the subject of materials information appropriate to industrial design is discussed, highlighting channels through which smart materials information may be communicated at an optimum level so as to be amenable to exploitation by industrial designers. A sectoral analysis of smart materials use follows, including the presentation of factors that may hinder their more extensive exploitation in major industrial sectors. v The thesis concludes that smart materials have potential to initiate a breakthrough in the materials universe, and that industrial designers have a role in promoting smart materials knowledge, the capabilities of smart materials, and their innovation possibilities. It is recomended that since smart materials are a new generation of materials quite different from the conventional, they be promoted carefully through the proposed Information Hierarchy.
Books on the topic "Collected Works 1-199"
1
Steiner, Rudolf. Cosmic New Year - Thoughts for New Year 1920: 5 Lectures Held in Stuttgart, December 21, 1919 - January 1, 1920 (Collected Works of Rudolf Steiner). Steinerbooks, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Collected Works 1-199"
1
Turchin, Peter, and Cheryl J. Briggs. "Population Cycles of the Larch Budmoth in Switzerland." In Population Cycles. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195140989.003.0011.
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The population dynamics of the larch budmoth (LBM), Zeiraphera diniana, in the Swiss Alps are perhaps the best example of periodic oscillations in ecology (figure 7.1). These oscillations are characterized by a remarkably regular periodicity, and by an enormous range of densities experienced during a typical cycle (about 100,000-fold difference between peak and trough numbers). Furthermore, nonlinear time series analysis of LBM data (e.g., Turchin 1990, Turchin and Taylor 1992) indicates that LBM oscillations are definitely generated by a second-order dynamical process (in other words, there is a strong delayed density dependence—see also chapter 1). Analysis of time series data on LBM dynamics from five valleys in the Alps suggests that around 90% of variance in Rt is explained by the phenomenological time series model employing lagged LBM densities, R, =f(Ni-1,Ni-2,) (Turchin 2002). As discussed in the influential review by Baltensweiler and Fischlin (1988) about a decade ago, ecological theory suggests a number of candidate mechanisms that can produce the type of dynamics observed in the LBM (see also chapter 1). Baltensweiler and Fischlin concluded that changes in food quality induced by previous budmoth feeding was the most plausible explanation for the population cycles. During the last decade, the issue of larch budmoth oscillations was periodically revisited by various population ecologists looking for general insights about insect population cycles (e.g., Royama 1977, Bowers et al. 1993, Ginzburg and Taneyhill 1994, Den Boer and Reddingius 1996, Hunter and Dwyer 1998, Berryman 1999). These authors generally concurred with the view that budmoth cycles are driven by the interaction with food quality. A recent reanalysis of the rich data set on budmoth population ecology collected by Swiss researchers over a period of several decades, however, suggested that the role of parasitism is underappreciated (Turchin et al. 2002). Before focusing on the roles of food quality and parasitism in LBM dynamics, we briefly review the status of other hypotheses that were discussed in the literature on LBM cycles. First, the natural history of the LBM-larch system is such that food quantity is an unlikely factor to explain LBM oscillations.
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Burr, Aaron, and Aaron Burr. "1996 FROM AARON BURR 1 September 1808." In The Collected Works of Jeremy Bentham: The Correspondence of Jeremy Bentham, Vol. 7: January 1802 to December 1808, edited by J. R. Dinwiddy, 540. Oxford University Press, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oseo/instance.00066277.
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Jaillant, Lise. "‘Classics behind plate glass’: The Hogarth Press and the Uniform Edition of the Works of Virginia Woolf." In Cheap Modernism. Edinburgh University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474417242.003.0006.
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In her letter on the Middlebrow collected in The Death of the Moth, Virginia Woolf wrote: “I dislike bound volumes of the classics behind plate glass.” Despite her proclaimed mistrust of the “middlebrow” sphere, Woolf was aware that cheap series of reprints could widen her readership and consolidate her literary reputation. In 1928, she wrote the introduction to Laurence Sterne’s Sentimental Journey for the Oxford World’s Classics edition (as explained in Chapter 1). And in 1929, the Hogarth Press started publishing Uniform Editions of her work. As J. H. Willis has argued, “to put a living novelist’s works into a standard edition is to make a claim for the permanence and importance of the writer’s work, to establish a canon, to suggest the classic.” This chapter, based on extensive research in the Hogarth Press archive, argues that the Uniform Editions published by the Hogarth Press achieved at least three things: (1) they reached a wide audience of common readers in Britain; (2) they encouraged Harcourt Brace to issue a similar edition in the United States; and (3) they presented Woolf as a canonical writer whose work deserved to be “collected.” In short, thanks to the Uniform Editions, Woolf’s texts became “classics behind plate glass.”
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Özen, Ibrahim Akın. "Internet of Things in Tourism." In Handbook of Research on Smart Technology Applications in the Tourism Industry, 131–54. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1989-9.ch007.
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With the revolution of Industry 4.0, the technologies that enter our daily lives are based on smart devices, applications, and platforms with internet connection. A wide range of these technologies collected under one umbrella is known as IoT (internet of things). This chapter evaluates the stages of a touristic travel in smart tourism destinations by considering IoT architecture. The technologies used in these phases and their contributions to the tourism sector and tourists are examined. In the implementation section, an IoT-based information system is proposed for Cappadocia hot air balloon tours. The main purpose of the system is to determine whether the appropriate weather conditions are formed before the hot air balloon flights. The proposed system allows for the automation and evaluation of data already collected using traditional methods. With the implementation of the system; work and time savings can be achieved, and more accurate measurements will make safe flights.
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Cody, Martin L., and Enriqueta Velarde. "Land Birds." In Island Biogeography in the Sea of Cortés II. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195133462.003.0016.
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Very few of the early scientific explorers in the Gulf of California had much to say about the land birds. There might be two reasons for this: first, the land birds in arid, desert regions are sparse and in general unbecoming, and second, the species encountered are by and large those seen in the much more accessible regions of southwestern North America. Chapter 1 introduced János Xántus, who is recognized as the pioneer ornithologist (or at least bird collector) in the cape area of Lower California, whose contributions (e.g., 1859, in which the first description of the Gray Thrasher, Toxostoma cinereum, was published) are appropriately commemorated in the Xantus Hummingbird, the most spectacular endemic on the peninsula. Lawrence (1860) first described the species as Amazilia xantusi (thence Hylocharis xantusii, and now Basilinna xantusii), and P. L. Sclater announced the discovery to Ibis readers in the same year. By the end of the nineteenth century, several ornithologists had collected in the southern peninsula and reported their findings (e.g., Baird 1870; Belding 1883; Bryant 1889; Ridgway 1896), but very little of this work referred to the islands in the gulf. Brewster’s (1902) report on the cape region avifauna was the most comprehensive of the earlier studies. Serious attention was first paid to the gulf island birds by Maillard (1923) and Townsend (1923), and the latter’s 1911 island-hopping trip in the Albatross served as a model for many similar expeditions later. The first distributional synthesis of their work, and especially that of Nelson (1921), Lamb (e.g., 1924), and Thayer (e.g., 1907), was published by Joseph Grinnell in 1928 in a monograph that is still the standard reference for the peninsula and gulf area. The last 50 years have seen little progress beyond the accumulation of further distributional records and the description of new subspecies (e.g., van Rossem 1929, 1932; Banks 1963a,b,c, 1964, 1969). The island birds remain rather poorly known; even species lists are likely to be incomplete, and ecological studies of the island populations have scarcely begun. In this chapter we report on the results largely of our own field work.
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Young, Bruce E., and David B. McDonald. "Birds." In Monteverde. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195095609.003.0012.
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Birds have been a major focus of study in Monteverde. The first biologists to study in Monteverde were ornithologists William Buskirk and George Powell, who arrived in 1970 on the recommendation of F. Gary Stiles. They were attracted by the low stature of the cloud forest, which made research on mixed-species flocks more tractable than in tall lowland forests. The number of publications since then (110 as of 1996) and the number of different first authors of those publications (31) attest to the extent to which Monteverde birds have been studied. Sixteen Ph.D. students have written dissertations based largely on data collected on the birds of Monteverde. In comparison, other well-known tropical study sites such as La Selva in Costa Rica or Manú in Peru have supported less graduate work on birds (five and four dissertations, respectively). Two major strengths of the Monteverde bird research are autecological studies and birdplant interaction studies. Although autecological studies may be declining because of changing scientific fashion (Levey and Stiles 1994), studies on single species or small groups of species have abounded at Monteverde. We know much about certain species but have little information about the bird community as a whole. Most studies of avian community ecology in Monteverde have been in the context of interactions with plants. Monteverde’s avifauna is attractive to ornithologists for five reasons: (1) Unusual behaviors: From the perspective of temperate ornithologists, many species of birds in Monteverde exhibit bizarre behaviors. For example, dual-male duets and dances by male Long-tailed Manakins are phenomena that are virtually unique in the animal kingdom (McDonald and Potts 1994; Fig. 6.1; see McDonald, “Cooperation Between Male Longtailed Manakins,”). Similarly, the March- July chorus of Three-wattled Bellbirds, heard for kilometers in every direction, draws attention to this species. Many who walk into a pasture in the dairy community have been mobbed by Brown Jays and wondered about their communal social behavior (Lawton and Guindon 1981, Lawton and Lawton 1985). These vocal species literally cry out to be studied.
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Palmeira, Mirian. "Frontline Employees' Self-Perception of Ageism, Sexism, and Lookism." In Handbook of Research on Retailer-Consumer Relationship Development, 275–96. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6074-8.ch015.
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The aim of this chapter is to identify whether frontline employees perceived themselves as having feelings of sexism, ageism, and appearance discrimination against customers in retail services. This investigation is a quantitative research, a conclusive description (Gil, 2002), and ex post facto study, which utilises a survey to collect the data and sampling by convenience. Three protocols are used (1) to format the questionnaire, (2) to produce 12 different standards combining age, gender, and appearance, and (3) to create social classification (Rattam, 1998). In a previous study (Palmeira, Palmeira, & Santos, 2012), customers of different ages and genders perceived some degree of prejudice and discrimination in face-to-face retail services. Now, on the other side of the coin, frontline employees who work in Fashion and Food retailing recognise that there is prejudiced behaviour against customers, depending on their age, gender, and appearance, when providing them with face-to-face retail services. More than 95% of female and more than 64% of male attendants believe that well-dressed, young female customers are given priority when being served. Almost 80% of female and only 58% of male frontline workers believe that badly-dressed middle-aged men (not younger men) are the last to be served when there is no clear queuing process in the retail spatial area. This context strongly suggests the growing importance of an interpersonal skills training process for an organisations' staff as a way of avoiding behaviour that makes the customers think that there are prejudice and discrimination in the service process, as well as ASL development (T&D against Ageism, Sexism, and Lookism) being part of the strategic statements.
Conference papers on the topic "Collected Works 1-199"
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Mika, Monika. "The Verification of the Modernization of the Real Estate Cadastre in the Context of the Quality of Cadastral Data – Case Study." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.218.
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The aim of the modernization is to improve the quality of the collected data. That is necessary especially in those areas where cadastral maps are used in the scale of 1:2880. The most satisfactory results in the process of modernization are obtained on the basis of geodetic field measurements. The aim of the paper is to verify the work related to real estate cadastre modernization in the context of the quality of the cadastral data collected in 1999–2001. This paper presents the results of surveying, which aim was to check whether the data contained in the register of land are a reflection of the facts boundaries and surface parcels. In the analyzes the materials of selected areas from state resources were used. The verification of graphic materials (maps) and descriptive (areas of plots) obtained from the District Office carried out in this paper showed a satisfactory level of data compliance. Factual status on the ground, in most cases, corresponds to the existing in extracts from the land registry, created on the basis of the land and buildings registry modernization in 1999–2001. These data correspond to the areas calculated from the results of the 2016 direct measurements.
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Kobayashi, Hiro, and Yoshio Urabe. "Study on Strain Rate Effect on Dynamic Strain Aging and Safety Margin of Pipe Elbow at Seismic Event." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-78134.
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This paper presents the technical reasoning and justification for using the B2′ = (2/3)*B2 in Paragraphs NB-3656(b) and NC/ND-3655(b) of Section III. ASME revised the rules for piping subjected to seismic and other building filtered loads in the 1994 addenda to the 1992 Code to provide an alternative to the existing rules. The purpose of the revision was to recognize the results of significant testing and experience that supported a decrease in the multiplier (B index) of the moment term, among other changes. The use of a B2′ index set equal to 2/3 of the current B2 index effectively raised the Level D allowable 50%. As part of its review in 10CFR50.55a, the NRC noted that use of the new rules was not permitted, due to disagreements in the approach. Since the 1994 addenda were published, the NRC and ASME have worked together to revise the changes. At this time, it is ASME’s understanding that the rules proposed for inclusion in the 2007 Code will be accepted by the NRC, with the exception of the use of a B2′ index equal to 2/3 of B2 for bends and tees. For those items, the NRC believes a multiplier of 3/4 is more appropriate for ferritic steels at temperatures above 300°F, due to dynamic strain aging. Concern has been expressed that since the tests that form part of the basis for setting B2′ = (2/3)*B2 were conducted at ambient temperature, the effect of dynamic strain aging of carbon steels could reduce the seismic margins at temperatures in excess of 300°F (150°C). In response to this concern, the authors prepared this paper as a team working under the Piping Seismic Task Group, ASME Code Committee. This paper demonstrates that: 1) In order to investigate this possibility, authors collected test data at room temperature, and then benchmarked its analytical work against both its tests and data from the EPRI test program since dynamic testing of components at elevated temperature and high stress levels can be quite difficult. From its analytical and test work on components, plus elevated temperature and strain rate work on small specimens, it was concluded that strain rate effects at typical seismic strain rates and amplitudes are not a concern. 2) For typical carbon steel under seismic strain rate loading, at elevated temperature [(above 300°F (150°C)] and at stress levels permitted by the alternative Code equation [NB-3556(b)(2) and NB-3556(b)(3)], the margin to failure is at least 1.5, as recommended by Dr. R.P. Kennedy(1). Thus, the use of B2′ = (2/3)*B2 results in a component with acceptable margin. This is a part of the paper prepared as a team working under the Piping Seismic Task Group under ASME Sec. III, Subgroup Design.
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Davies, Mike, Robert Clark, and Ian Adsley. "High-Density Gamma Radiation Spectrometry Surveys of Contaminated Land." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59076.
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The design of gamma radiation surveys of contaminated land has always had to compromise between the density of sampling and the accuracy of measurement. Large-area contamination is readily detected by a variety of measurement techniques, while the detection of small areas or ‘particles’ requires a high density of measurement, generally one measurement per square metre. High Resolution Gamma-radiation Spectrometry (HRGS) can provide accurate qualitative (radionuclide identification) and quantitative (Bq.g−1 of the radionuclide for a stated scenario) assessment of the state of the land, but are not cost effective at high density. In contrast, simple walk-over or ‘scan’ surveys using standard Health Physics instruments can provide a high density of measurement, but cannot provide the qualitative and quantitative accuracy of HRGS. In 1996, Nuvia Limited adopted methods to address some of these issues, by allowing scan surveys to include a degree of qualitative analysis of the gamma radiation detected using Low Resolution Gamma-radiation Spectrometry systems with Sodium Iodide detectors, while maintaining a high density of measurement. While low-resolution systems (including medium-resolution Lanthanum Bromide) have become the de-facto standard for large area land surveys, the use of the technology has changed little. High density scan surveys can be conducted using, for example, simple gross-gamma techniques, doserate or region-of-interest logging. However, if spectra are required for qualitative purposes, they are normally collected at fixed locations and for inconveniently long counting periods. The ideal would be to collect spectra at every measurement location, preferably once per second, and then ‘aggregate’ the spectra using spatially-aware techniques. This would allow a scan survey to be performed rapidly, while losing no spectral information. It would thus be possible to analyse the data in a number of ways, for example, producing justifiable doserate measurements or using neural-network techniques to search the measurements for spectral anomalies. This paper describes the work done by Nuvia to develop a system to collect spectra efficiently and to make the spectra readily available for a number of analyses. The efficiency of spectrum acquisition and compression are discussed, along with methods of managing the potentially large volumes of data. The analysis of the data, using a customised Geographical Information System is described, including spatial aggregation of spectra and semi-automatic analysis of spectral structure for identifying common ‘background’ features. Examples of the use of these facilities in Nuvia’s ‘Groundhog’ site survey service are provided.
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Galdo-Vega, Monica, Rafael Ballesteros-Tajadura, and Carlos Santolaria-Morros. "Numerical 3D Simulation of a Longitudinal Ventilation System: Memorial Tunnel Case." In ASME 2006 2nd Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Collocated With the 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2006-98259.
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In this work, a numerical 3D simulation of a longitudinal ventilation system is developed to analyze the fire behavior inside a road tunnel. Recent disasters, like crashes in the Mont Blanc tunnel (France, 1999) or San Gottardo (Italy, 2001), have shown the need for better integral actions during possible fire incidents. The minimum delay time, required for starting the jet fans, or the evolution of the smoke patterns inside the tunnel are critical issues when rescue plans are designed. Some methods to study the smoke propagation during a fire are: pseudo-thermal scale models, full scale test and numerical models. Several contributions using the first method can be found in references [1], [2] and [3]. However it is very difficult to extrapolate the results from this kind of models. The second method (full scale test) is the most expensive of all and only two of them have been conducted recently: EUREKA Project [4] and the Memorial Tunnel Fire Ventilation Test Program [5]. The last method (numerical models) it is now under development. The objective of this work is to validate a numerical model, to predict the behavior of the smoke generated during a fire incident inside a road tunnel, comparing its results with previous experimental data collected in the Memorial Tunnel Project. In addition, a good agreement was achieved, so a methodology to predict the performance of a longitudinal ventilation system in case of fire was accurately established.
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Iyengar, Madhusudan, Roger Schmidt, Vinod Kamath, and Bejoy Kochuparambil. "Experimental Characterization of Server Rack Energy Use at Elevated Ambient Temperatures." In ASME 2011 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2011-52207.
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It is now common for data center managers to question the impact on server energy usage of two recent impact factors: (1) the rise in the data center inlet air temperature to servers per 2008 ASHRAE guidelines, and (2) the fan speed increase from the use of rack level heat exchangers such as Rear Door Heat Exchangers. To help acquire a deeper understanding of the relevant issues, a system floor thermal test was built on the IBM New York data center benchmark floor which consisted of a standard 19″ rack filled with 39 3.0 GHz 1U servers that dissipated between 10–17 kW depending on extent of server utilization. Fan speed, chip temperature metrics, and server power data was collected using product debug codes and server level programs. A simulated air heat load was installed right in front of this server rack to allow the manipulation of air inlet temperature into the servers from 20 °C to 32 °C. Two different rack level configurations were considered for the experiments: (i) a perforated front door and no door at the rear, and (ii) a perforated front door and a Rear Door Heat Exchanger at the rear. An exerciser program was used to vary the CPU utilization from Idle to 70% which represented a typical data center work load. Data was collected for 19 servers of the 39 servers (remaining were in use by Benchmark Lab) for the two rack configurations, for 4 inlet server air temperatures, and for two chip exerciser settings, i.e. 16 experiments. For the 70% exerciser setting (typical operation) and the base line rack configuration without rack level heat exchangers, the rise in server power for an increase in inlet air temperature was 5.2% for the 20 °C to 27 °C change and was 17% for the 20 °C to 31 °C change. For the 70% exerciser setting (typical), the increase in server power from the use of rack level heat exchangers (Rear Door Heat Exchanger) was less than 1.3% for all the conditions. Given the broad range of fan speed algorithms and cooling hardware in server products on the market and their change over each generation, significant further study will be required to characterize each category of systems for these conditions. However, the present study provides a template for quantifying server energy usage in a context that data center managers can understand and use.
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Howard, Samuel A., Jeremiah T. Hammer, Kelly S. Carney, and J. Michael Pereira. "Jet Engine Bird Ingestion Simulations: Comparison of Rotating to Non-Rotating Fan Blades." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95998.
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Bird strike events in commercial airliners are a fairly common occurrence. According to data collected by the US Department of Agriculture, over 80,000 bird strikes were reported in the period 1990–2007 in the US alone [1]. As a result, bird ingestion is an important factor in aero engine design and FAA certification. When it comes to bird impacts on engine fan blades, the FAA requires full-scale bird ingestion tests on an engine running at full speed to pass certification requirements. These rotating tests are complex and very expensive. To reduce development costs associated with new materials for fan blades, it is desirable to develop more cost effective testing procedures than full-scale rotating engine tests for material evaluation. An impact test on a non-rotating single blade that captures most of the salient physics of the rotating test would go a long way towards enabling large numbers of evaluative material screening tests. NASA Glenn Research Center has been working to identify a static blade test procedure that would be effective at reproducing similar results as seen in rotating tests. The current effort compares analytical simulations of a bird strike on various non-rotating blades to a bird strike simulation on a rotating blade as a baseline case. Several different concepts for simulating the rotating loads on a non-rotating blade were analyzed with little success in duplicating the deformation results seen in the rotating case. The rotating blade behaves as if it were stiffer than the non-rotating blade resulting in less plastic deformation from a given bird impact. The key factor limiting the success of the non-rotating blade simulations is thought to be the effect of gyroscopics. Prior to this effort, it was anticipated the difficulty would be in matching the pre-stress in the blade due to centrifugal forces Additional work is needed to verify this assertion, and to determine if a static test procedure can simulate the gyroscopic effects in a suitable manner. This paper describes the various non-rotating concepts analyzed, and demonstrates the effect believed to be gyroscopic in nature on the results.
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Willems, M., P. Luycx, R. Gilis, C. I. Renard, H. Reyniers, and J. M. Cuchet. "The HRA/SOLARIUM Project: Processing of Historical Waste." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4732.
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Starting in 2003, Belgoprocess will proceed with the treatment and conditioning of some 200 m3 of widely varying high- and medium-level waste from earlier research and development work, to meet standard acceptance criteria for later disposal. The gross volume of primary and secondary packages amounts to 2,600 m3. The waste has been kept in decay storage for up to 30 years. The project was started in 1997. Operation of the various processing facilities will take 7–8 years. The overall volume of conditioned waste will be of the order of 800 m3. All conditioned waste will be stored in appropriate storage facilities onsite. In November 2002, a new processing facility has been constructed, the functional tests of the equipment have been performed and the start-up phase has been started. Several cells of the Pamela vitrification facility onsite will be adapted for the treatment of high-level and highly α-contaminated waste; low-level β/γ waste will be treated in the existing facility for super compaction and conditioning by embedding into cement (CILVA). The bulk of these waste, of which 95% are solids, the remainder consisting of mainly solidified liquids, have been produced between 1967 and 1988. They originate from various research programmes and reactor operation at the Belgian nuclear energy research centre SCK-CEN, isotope production, decontamination and dismantling operations. The waste is stored in 4800 primary packages, of which 700 contain 120 g (5.1012 Bq) radium. Half the radium inventory is present in 25 containers. The presence of radium in waste packages, resulting in the emission of radon gas, requires particular measurements. The total activity at the moment of production amounted to 18,811 TBq β/γ and 34.4 TBq α, with individual packages emitting up to 555 TBq β/γ and 2.2 TBq α. According to calculations, the β/γ activity has decreased to some 2,000 TBq, with individual packages up to 112 TBq. The extreme diversity of the waste is not only expressed in their radiological characteristics, but also in their chemical composition, physical state, the nature and condition of the packages. Radioactivity ranges between 0.01 mCi to 1,000 Ci per package. Some packages contain resins, Na, NaK and Al containing waste, poison rods, residues of fuel elements. Although most of the liquid waste are solidified, a small fraction — both aqueous and organic — still remains liquid. Primary packages may be plastic bags, metal boxes, wire gauze, La Cale`ne boxes; secondary packages may be steel drums and concrete containers. Solid waste may be sources, counters, nuclear fuel residues, filters, synthetic materials, metals, resins, granulates, rock, sludges, cables, glass, etc. Some 1000 primary packages are stored in a dry storage vault comprising 20 concrete cells, while 3800 primary packages are stored in some 2,000 concrete containers, on a concrete floor, surrounded by an earth bank to the height of the waste stacking and covered by a metal construction. At present, the annual production of similar waste amounts to 2 m3 divided over some 30 containers. Generally, the primary waste packages will be loaded in 80-1 drums (an average of 2 packages per drum), and compacted in a 150 ton hydraulic press. The pellets will be collected in 100 1 drums (an average of 3 pellets per drum). Low-level β/γ waste is transferred to the CILVA facility for further treatment, while the other 100-1 drums are filled up with sand and, in the case of radium-contaminated waste, tight-welded. Subsequently, the 100-1 drums are loaded into 400-1 drums and embedded into cement. Certain packages, for example solidified radium-contaminated liquids in welded metal containers, are conditioned as such in overpacks. Specific procedures will be established for the various non-standard waste, such as sources, control and poison rods, resins and filters, fuel residues. Highly active and/or heavily α-contaminated waste are transferred to the existing Pamela facility for treatment and conditioning. Ideally, gamma spectrometry measurements are carried out on the primary packages, but due to the extreme diversity of these packages, ranging from plastic bags containing cardboard to highly active steel valves, preference was given to measurements on the conditioned waste, or at least on already pre-compacted waste in the case of treatment in the 2,000 ton press of the CILVA facility. Thus tremendous problems of calibration can be largely avoided. All operations are remotely controlled. Transfers between buildings are carried out within appropriately shielded containers and secondary waste will be treated in existing facilities onsite. The new processing facility is being built partly over the dry storage vaults, in the immediate vicinity of the already covered storage area.
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Kisné Bernhardt, Renáta, Laura Furcsa, Annamária Sinka, and Rita Szaszkó. "Digitális pedagógiai tapasztalatok tanítóként: lehetőségek a karanténpedgógiában." In Agria Média 2020 : „Az oktatás digitális átállása korunk pedagógiai forradalma”. Eszterházy Károly Egyetem Líceum Kiadó, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17048/am.2020.93.
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Az elmúlt évtizedben már számos kutatás bizonyította, hogy a pedagógusok megváltozott feladatai és szerepei, a módszertani kultúra és a komplex szemlélet a digitális kompetencia fejlesztésével párhuzamosan megjelenik (Fehér, 1999; Kirschner-Woperies, 2003; Law, Chow és Yuen, 2005). A tanítási-tanulási folyamat résztvevőiként a pedagógusok is részesei a rendkívüli iramban változó lehetőségeknek, melyek az iskola különböző „valós és virtuális” terein egyre inkább biztosítottá válnak (UNESCO, 2011). 2020 márciusában 6 a koronavírus-járvány miatt bevezetett digitális munkarend által – korábban még nem tapasztalt módon – aktuálissá vált mindaz, amit a „távoktatás”, „digitális oktatás”, „otthontanulás” és szinonimáik képviseltek. A pedagógusok, diákok és szülők egyik napról a másikra kerültek át az osztálytermi környezetből a digitális platformok világába, megváltoztatva szerepeiket, feladataikat és kompetenciahatáraikat. Felmérésünk azzal a céllal készült, hogy feltárja a tanítók hogyan igyekeztek megtalálni a tantárgyi specialitásnak, informatikai tudásuknak, rendelkezésre álló eszközeiknek, a diákoknak és a szülőknek leginkább adekvát megoldásokat. Kutatásunkban kvantitatív módszert alkalmazva, online kérdőíves vizsgálattal mértük fel az 1-6. osztályban tanító pedagógusok véleményét és gyakorlatát a digitális munkarendben történő oktatással kapcsolatban (N=71). Előadásunk a tanítók által alkalmazott karanténpedagógiára vonatkozó öszszefüggésekre világít rá a következő aspektusokból: eszközök, internet a távoktatásban, a pedagógusok digitális kompetenciája, a tananyagok küldésének felülete, kapcsolattartás a tanulókkal és szülőkkel. Fókuszba kerültek az alkalmazott digitális platformok és eszközök, azzal a céllal, hogy feltárjuk az elmúlt időszakban aktuális alsó tagozatos oktatás és nevelés főbb aspektusait. A digitális munkarend, valamint az online eszközök kiválasztásának és kipróbálásának tanítói tapasztalatait is vizsgáltuk az önértékelésen alapuló tanítói digitális kompetenciák feltárása mellett. A kapott leíró statisztikai elemzések megerősítik, hogy a digitális munkarenddel kialakuló távolléti oktatási struktúra rendszerezettségében, illetve következetes használatában plasztikus eltérések jelentkeztek. Példaként említhető a kapcsolattartási mintázatok egyenetlensége és a formális (Kréta)/informális kapcsolattartási struktúra (Messenger/Facebook csoport) használatának eltérő megoszlása. Konkrét számadatokkal mérve a szülőkkel való kapcsolattartásban kiemelkedett az egyéb lehetőségek mellett a Facebook csoport (59%), és a Messenger (53%) használata a formális platformként említett Krétával (22%) szemben. Összefoglalva, az eredmények hozzájárulhatnak az általános iskolákban működő online oktatás gyakorlatának megismeréséhez, a pedagógiai praxis lehetőségeinek bővítéséhez, ugyanakkor megerősítjük Lévai (2016) felvetését is, miszerint a pedagógusok felelőssége számottevő és árulkodó abból a szempontból is, hogy mit mutatnak róluk digitális lábnyomaik, illetve az online elérhető felületek. ---- Lower-primary-school teachers’ digital educational experience: possibilities in lockdown induced pedagogy ----- The past couple decades have seen a parallel change in teachers’ tasks and roles, methodologies, educational approaches and the development of their digital competences (Fehér, 2009; KirschnerWoperies, 2003; Law, Chow and Yuen, 2005). Also teachers as participants of the teaching-learning process experience the rapid evolution of the possibilities in the real-life and virtual platforms of school (UNESCO, 2011). In March, 2020 unprecedentedly digital education was launched due to the coronavirus pandemic and “distance education”, “digital education”, “home schooling” (at present regarded as synonyms) had become reality. All at once, teachers, students and parents were transmitted from real-life classrooms into the world of virtual platforms, which modified their roles, tasks and competence boundaries. Our survey was conducted to explore how lower-primary-school teachers experimented to find the most adequate solutions related to the issues of their teaching areas and digital knowledge. Also, we aimed to detect the most characteristic challenges that the respondent teachers had to face during the lockdown period online education processes. Our quantitative research was conducted to collect data via an online questionnaire to elicit beliefs and practices of lower-primary-school teachers of 1-6-forms regarding their work during lockdown digital education (N=71). The main focus of our research was the interrelationships of lockdown induced pedagogy from the following aspects: tools in digital education, teachers’ digital competence (based on self-assessment), the platforms of sharing teaching contents and of contacting students and parents. The focal points of our study were the applied digital platforms and tools and to gain insights into the teachers’ digital competences based on their self-evaluation. We also explored the respondent teachers’ choices and experience regarding the online tools of digital education. The results of descriptive statistics showed that there were differences in the structure and consistent use of digital education during the lockdown. As an example, the distribution of the formal Kréta platform and other informal ones (Messenger/Facebook group) is uneven in terms of contact between teachers and parents. Also, the Facebook group (59%) and Messenger (53%) platforms outnumber the use of Kréta (22%) during teacher-parent communication. In sum, our results can contribute to a better understanding of the practice of online education at primary-schools, and also to the extension of the teaching repertoire in 1-6 forms. These findings are also compatible with Lévai’s (2016) results, that is teachers’ digital footsteps and the online platforms that they use can reveal a lot about them, which is a great professional responsibility.
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Willems, M., L. Krieckemans, P. Luycx, and A. Meeus. "The HRA/Solarium Project: Processing of Widely Varying High- and Medium-Level Waste." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1209.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Starting in 2002, Belgoprocess will proceed with the treatment and conditioning of some 200 m3 of widely varying high- and medium-level wastes from earlier research and development work, to meet standard acceptance criteria for later disposal. The gross volume of primary and secondary packages amounts to 2,600 m3. The wastes have been kept in decay storage for up to 30 years. The project was started in 1998. Operation of the various processing facilities will take 7–8 years. The overall volume of conditioned waste will be of the order of 800 m3. All conditioned waste will be stored in appropriate storage facilities onsite. At present (August, 2000), the construction of a new processing facility is in progress and the call for venders for the equipment has been sent out. Several cells of the Pamela vitrification facility onsite will be adapted for the treatment of high-level and highly α-contaminated wastes; low-level β/γ wastes will be treated in the existing facility for supercompaction and conditioning by embedding into cement (CILVA). The bulk of these wastes, of which 95% are solids, the remainder consisting of mainly solidified liquids, have been produced between 1967 and 1988. They originate from various research programmes and reactor operation at the Belgian nuclear energy research centre SCK•CEN, isotope production, decontamination and dismantling operations. The wastes are stored in 4800 primary packages, of which 700 contain 120 g (5.1012 Bq) radium. Half the radium inventory is present in 25 containers. The presence of radium in waste packages, resulting in the emission of radon gas, requires particular measurements and the welding of packages for storage, in order to allow a correct interpretation of alpha measurements onsite. The total activity at the moment of production amounted to 18,811 TBq β/γ and 34.4 TBq α, with individual packages emitting up to 555 TBq β/γ and 2.2 TBq α. According to calculations, the β/γ activity has decreased to some 2,000 TBq, with individual packages up to 112 TBq. The extreme diversity of the wastes is not only expressed in their radiological characteristics, but also in their chemical composition, physical state, the nature and condition of the packages. Radioactivity ranges between 0.01 mCi to 1,000 Ci per package. Some packages contain resins, Na, NaK and Al containing wastes, poison rods, residues of fuel elements. Although most of the liquid wastes are solidified, a small fraction — both aqueous and organic — still remains liquid. Primary packages may be plastic bags, metal boxes, wire gauze, La Calène boxes; secondary packages may be steel drums and concrete containers. Solid wastes may be sources, counters, control and poison rods, nuclear fuel residues, filters, synthetic materials, metals, resins, granulates, rock, sludges, cables, glass … Some 1000 primary packages are stored in a dry storage vault comprising 20 concrete cells, while 3800 primary packages are stored in some 2,000 concrete containers, on a concrete floor, surrounded by an earth bank to the height of the waste stacking and covered by a metal construction. At present, the annual production of similar wastes amounts to 2 m3 divided over some 30 containers. Generally, the primary waste packages will be loaded in 80 l drums (an average of 2 packages per drum), and compacted in a 150 t hydraulic press. The pellets will be collected in 100 l drums (an average of 3 pellets per drum). Low-level β/γ waste is transferred to the CILVA facility for further treatment, while the other 100 l drums are filled up with sand and, in the case of radium-contaminated wastes, tight-welded. Subsequently, the 100 l drums are loaded into 400 l drums and embedded into cement. Certain packages, for example solidified radium-contaminated liquids in welded metal containers, are conditioned as such in overpacks. Specific procedures will be established for the various non-standard wastes, such as sources, control and poison rods, resins and filters, fuel residues. The new processing facility is being built partly over the dry storage vaults, in the immediate vicinity of the already covered storage area. It comprises 1) feeder locks for the introduction of the various waste packages; 2) a dispatching cell in which the primary packages are loaded into 80 l drums; 3) the processing cell in which the 80 l drums are compacted and the pellets loaded into 100 l drums; and either sent to the CILVA facility (low-level β/γ wastes), or the Pamela facility (highly active and/or heavily α-contaminated), or further treated in 4) the transport area, in which radium and medium-level waste containing drums are conditioned into cement; 5) the measurement and characterisation cell, in which the conditioned waste is characterized by gamma spectrometry, and checked for compliance with maximum allowed surface contamination and dose rate in view of interim storage in the appropriate facilities onsite. Ideally, gamma spectrometry measurements are carried out on the primary packages, but due to the extreme diversity of these packages, ranging from plastic bags containing cardboard to highly active steel valves, preference was given to measurements on the conditioned wastes, or at least on already pre-compacted wastes in the case of treatment in the 2,000 t press of the CILVA facility. Thus tremendous problems of calibration can be largely avoided. All operations are remotely controlled. Transfers between buildings are carried out within appropriately shielded containers and secondary wastes will be treated in existing facilities onsite.
Reports on the topic "Collected Works 1-199"
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Wells, Aaron, Tracy Christopherson, Gerald Frost, Matthew Macander, Susan Ives, Robert McNown, and Erin Johnson. Ecological land survey and soils inventory for Katmai National Park and Preserve, 2016–2017. National Park Service, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287466.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted to inventory, classify, and map soils and vegetation within the ecosystems of Katmai National Park and Preserve (KATM) using an ecological land survey (ELS) approach. The ecosystem classes identified in the ELS effort were mapped across the park, using an archive of Geo-graphic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) datasets pertaining to land cover, topography, surficial geology, and glacial history. The description and mapping of the landform-vegetation-soil relationships identified in the ELS work provides tools to support the design and implementation of future field- and RS-based studies, facilitates further analysis and contextualization of existing data, and will help inform natural resource management decisions. We collected information on the geomorphic, topographic, hydrologic, pedologic, and vegetation characteristics of ecosystems using a dataset of 724 field plots, of which 407 were sampled by ABR, Inc.—Environmental Research and Services (ABR) staff in 2016–2017, and 317 were from existing, ancillary datasets. ABR field plots were located along transects that were selected using a gradient-direct sampling scheme (Austin and Heligers 1989) to collect data for the range of ecological conditions present within KATM, and to provide the data needed to interpret ecosystem and soils development. The field plot dataset encompassed all of the major environmental gradients and landscape histories present in KATM. Individual state-factors (e.g., soil pH, slope aspect) and other ecosystem components (e.g., geomorphic unit, vegetation species composition and structure) were measured or categorized using standard classification systems developed for Alaska. We described and analyzed the hierarchical relationships among the ecosystem components to classify 92 Plot Ecotypes (local-scale ecosystems) that best partitioned the variation in soils, vegetation, and disturbance properties observed at the field plots. From the 92 Plot Ecotypes, we developed classifications of Map Ecotypes and Disturbance Landscapes that could be mapped across the park. Additionally, using an existing surficial geology map for KATM, we developed a map of Generalized Soil Texture by aggregating similar surficial geology classes into a reduced set of classes representing the predominant soil textures in each. We then intersected the Ecotype map with the General-ized Soil Texture Map in a GIS and aggregated combinations of Map Ecotypes with similar soils to derive and map Soil Landscapes and Soil Great Groups. The classification of Great Groups captures information on the soil as a whole, as opposed to the subgroup classification which focuses on the properties of specific horizons (Soil Survey Staff 1999). Of the 724 plots included in the Ecotype analysis, sufficient soils data for classifying soil subgroups was available for 467 plots. Soils from 8 orders of soil taxonomy were encountered during the field sampling: Alfisols (<1% of the mapped area), Andisols (3%), Entisols (45%), Gelisols (<1%), Histosols (12%), Inceptisols (22%), Mollisols (<1%), and Spodosols (16%). Within these 8 Soil Orders, field plots corresponded to a total of 74 Soil Subgroups, the most common of which were Typic Cryaquents, Typic Cryorthents, Histic Cryaquepts, Vitrandic Cryorthents, and Typic Cryofluvents.