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OKUMURA, Hiroki, Yoshinori KOHNO, Yuki IWATA, et al. "A newly identified zona pellucida glycoprotein, ZPD, and dimeric ZP1 of chicken egg envelope are involved in sperm activation on sperm–egg interaction." Biochemical Journal 384, no. 1 (2004): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20040299.
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Fertilization begins with interaction between the sperm and the egg. The surface of the vertebrate oocyte is covered with the egg envelope, which is composed of ZP (zona pellucida) glycoproteins. We have identified two glycoproteins, ZP1/gp97 and ZPC/gp42, as the major components of the chicken egg envelope. In the present study, another 42 kDa protein, designated ZPD, has been found as a new major component of the chicken egg envelope. ZPD was specifically released from the egg envelope by ultrasonication treatment without urea. ZPD cDNA was cloned using a chicken granulosa cell cDNA pool. The deduced amino acid sequence showed that preproprotein of ZPD is composed of 418 amino acid residues with four potential N-glycosylation sites and includes a ZP domain, common in vertebrate ZP glycoproteins, and a transmembrane domain. ZPD belongs phylogenetically to a distinct group from known ZP glycoprotein subfamilies, ZPA, ZPB, and ZPC. In two-dimensional gel electrophoresis ZPD proteins were identified to be several isoforms with different pI values between 5 and 7. ZP1, ZPC and the newly identified ZPD were confirmed to be the major components of chicken egg envelope by MS of proteolytic digests of whole egg envelope. The in vitro incubation of chicken sperm with calcium ionophore A23187 induced sperm activation, resulting in the fragmentation and release of a 41 kDa PNA (peanut agglutinin)-positive glycoprotein and the decrease or loss of sperm PNA-stainability. The incubation with ZPD and dimeric ZP1, but not ZPC and monomeric ZP1, also induced the decrease or loss of sperm PNA-stainability, suggesting the in vitro sperm activation by these ZP components. Collectively, ZPD might bind loosely to egg envelope matrix and play a key role in the sperm activation on avian sperm–egg interaction.
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Meyer, Debra K., and Dennis W. Smithenry. "Scaffolding Collective Engagement." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 116, no. 13 (2014): 124–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811411601313.
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While recognizing that instructional scaffolding in a whole-class context can engage students’ learning as they move through individual zone of proximal developments (ZPDs), in this chapter, we argue that instructional scaffolding also can collectively engage a class through a shared ZPD when participant structures and discourse practices provide for coparticipation and alter traditional notions of teacher support and shared responsibility. A case study of a chemistry classroom is presented to substantiate this argument and illustrate how instructional scaffolding can be used as a support for collective engagement.
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Montandon, Christiane. "Sensibilisation d’étudiants en formation des adultes au maniement de la zone proximale de développement." Nouveaux cahiers de la recherche en éducation 19, no. 1 (2017): 57–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040663ar.
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L’enjeu de cette formation réside dans une double démarche d’expérimentation, sur soi et sur autrui, des instruments psychologiques fournis par le Programme d’Enrichissement Instrumental (PEI). Cette méthode développementale fondée sur les médiations sémiotiques énumérées par Vygotski vise à opérationnaliser la façon d’intervenir dans la zone proximale de développement (ZPD) à partir d’une liste de paramètres caractéristiques des différents processus d’apprentissage. Après avoir repéré sur lui-même les moments de restructuration cognitive suscitée par ces instruments, l’étudiant choisit les outils correspondant aux besoins cognitifs des élèves lors de son stage, pour rendre opérationnel le maniement de la ZPD, dans sa triple dimension, théorique, méthodologique et pédagogique. L’écriture par l’étudiant d’un dossier de terrain s’avère un transformateur cognitif déterminant, qui lui fait prendre conscience de la nécessité de lier carte cognitive et ZPD et contribue à développer chez lui une posture réflexive. Enfin la pluridimensionnalité de la carte cognitive facilite une intervention différenciée du formateur pour gérer les trajectoires développementales diversifiées des apprenants: cette gestion collective de leurs différences de potentialités nous incite à proposer le terme de ZGDP, zone groupale de développement le plus proche.
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Khosravizadeh, Omid. "Analysis of the Impact of Vygotsky's Collaborative Learning Theory on the Development of Group Skills." Journal of Study and Innovation in Education and Development 3, no. 1 (2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.61838/jsied.3.1.1.
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This study examines the impact of Vygotsky's collaborative learning theory on the development of group skills among students. Vygotsky's theory emphasizes the role of social interactions and the teacher's role as a facilitator in the learning process, highlighting the importance of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) in promoting effective learning. Through a descriptive analysis, the study explores how social interactions and collaborative activities within groups contribute to the enhancement of group skills such as communication, problem-solving, and conflict management. The role of the teacher in guiding and supporting students within their ZPD is also analyzed, revealing that targeted feedback and constructive support can significantly improve group dynamics and skills. The findings underscore the practical implications of using collaborative learning strategies in educational settings, suggesting that these approaches not only foster individual development but also enhance collective skills essential for success in both academic and professional environments. This study also identifies gaps in previous research and offers recommendations for future studies to explore the long-term effects of collaborative learning on group skills development.
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Karki, Tek Mani, and Rita Devi Karki. "Contextualizing Socio-Cultural Theory on Language Teaching and Learning in Nepal." Pragyaratna प्रज्ञारत्न 6, no. 1 (2024): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pragyaratna.v6i1.64533.
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Grounded in the socio-cultural theory (SCT) of learning, this study postulates that cognitive development is intricately tied to social interactions, highlighting the significance of cultural and social contexts in shaping an individual’s learning experiences and intellectual growth. Utilizing the content analysis methodology, the study systematically analyzes three key constructs—social interaction, the more knowledgeable other (MKO), and the zone of proximal development (ZPD)—drawing from Vygotsky’s seminal works to contextualize these constructs to enhance the language teaching and learning process within the specific cultural framework of Nepal. The findings reveal insights into the application of SCT in Nepalese language education. Social interactions, crucial in Vygotsky’s theory, find significance in Nepal’s communal spirit, influencing language learning positively. MKOs, both human and symbolic, play an essential role in shaping language learning, aligning with Nepalese values and linguistic diversity. The ZPD framework is applicable in Nepal’s diverse educational landscape, addressing individual differences and accommodating cultural nuances in which the scaffolding technique has a fundamental role in bridging linguistic gaps and fostering a collective journey toward linguistic proficiency. Overall, Vygotsky’s SCT demonstrates relevance and adaptability in the unique cultural and linguistic context of Nepal, offering insights into educational policies and practices.
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Warner, Linda Claire, Pirita Seitamaa-Hakkarainen, and Kai Hakkarainen. "Kōmako Quilters’ informal learning and the collective zone of proximal development: The ‘5x5 quilt’ project." Journal of Arts & Communities 10, no. 1-2 (2020): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jaac_00006_1.
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This article discusses the informal learning processes of a quilting community, located in Aotearoa New Zealand, as participants engage in a collaborative textile project. Few studies have investigated everyday quilters’ collective learning processes, even though communal quiltmaking has been undertaken over the centuries. The concept of zone of proximal development (zpd) is extended as a ‘collective zone of proximal development’ where people are doing something together. This ethnographic study views quiltmaking as a sociocultural activity, and emphasizes the situated nature of knowing within a community-based setting. Research methods reveal the explicit and tacit dimensions of the quilters’ meaning making. During the fieldwork, flexibility and reflexivity are required to overcome ethical issues as they arise. The guided participation is revealed through the quilters’ interactions as they participated in their collaborative activity. Learning sequences present episodic details of the way these interactions are constructed and developed. The quilters actively seek to increase opportunities for learning and for sharing skills and knowledge through participation partnerships involving multi-way collaborations.
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Τζουριάδου, Μαρία. "Η θεώρηση του Vygotsky για την τυπική και «παρεμποδισμένη» ανάπτυξη". Psychology: the Journal of the Hellenic Psychological Society 26, № 1 (2021): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.26232.
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Vygotsky has advocated that the dialectical relation between typical and impeded development carries a unique quality. His approach to development requires a holistic, qualitative education that addresses the entire personality. The theoretical approaches that were transferred into and adopted by pedagogy were the unities of the individualism and collectivism, and the zone of proximal development (ZPD). Vygotsky’s educational approach to childhood resulted from two alternating pathways of his thought: his broader interest in language and his personal experiences and achievements. In the context of his dialectical approach, he views the typical and atypical impeded child’s development as a joint unit and therefore atypical development is a unique quality dialectically associated with typical development. The term “defectology” he introduced describes the study of atypical impeded development of children with physical and mental deficiencies. A child’s handicap concurs with the two pathways of development that typical development follows: that of biological maturity and that of socialization process during which a child acquires knowledge and the capacity to use cultural tools, i.e. to use higher mental functioning through collective activities. Most often a handicapped child with deficits is unable to cope with the school structure or to participate in learning activities without adult support (ZPD). In this context, Vygotsky claims that the education of these children can be appropriated through a roundabout approach that aims to reconstruct the child’s personality in terms of dialectical relations and activities compatible to the child’s cultural environment; thus children with deficits are treated as productive members within the environment they belong to. In the context of contemporary inclusive education, Vygotsky’s ideas can contribute to the implementation of differentiating instruction, collaborative teaching and collective activities through the child’s daily social activities, practices that promote alternative ways of action and teaching that benefit all children.
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Yunusa, Mojeed Abiodun, and Awwal Adejumobi. "Some Log Type Estimators For Estimation of Population Mean of Sensitive Variable Using Additive Scrambling Model." Oriental Journal of Physical Sciences 9, no. 2 (2024): 131–40. https://doi.org/10.13005/ojps09.02.09.
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Since it can be challenging to estimate the mean of a sensitive study changeable when direct methods of information collection are used to elicit sensitive information, through the use of the randomized response technique (RRT), protect respondents' privacy while also obtaining more valid and reliable information. The present study introduces a set of log-type estimators for calculating averages through the utilization of the additive scrambling model. The estimators' mean square error (MSE) is determined a maximum of two degrees. There are defined circumstances in which the estimators perform better. An investigation was carried out utilizing three datasets, and the findings indicated that the suggested estimators outperform estimators found in the previous research both in efficiency comparison and empirical investigations. The first table shows the Mean Square Errors (MSEs) of the proposed and existing estimators used in this research, and we found out that Zp7 has the smallest MSE, followed by the Zp1, Zp2 , Zp3 , Zp 4 and co. The second table show the same results where Zp7 is having highest Percentage Relative Efficiecy (PRE), then other estimators follows. This explain that it is the most efficient estimator in this research.
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Eapen, Rachel Lalitha. "English Language Teaching At The Primary Level: Foundations For Bilingualism Or Not?" Journal of International Education Research (JIER) 7, no. 4 (2011): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jier.v7i4.6043.
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In countries where English is a second language, there has been a movement over the last 60 years from supporting indigenous languages over foreign language English - to the present one where, with globalization and market demands, English is beginning to be seen as an indigenous language in itself. The teaching of English from Grade 1 about five years ago points to this change in India. The consequences of such a shift for language acquisition at the primary level is a matter of concern, however, when English is not the first or second language of the people, but is the medium of education, and when the average classroom teacher at the primary level is inadequately prepared for the task. The gaps in the teacher's preparation and the coping strategies she employs are discussed in this paper in order to identify teacher resistances to new books and methodologies. Resistances can be seen to serve as areas for growth according to the constructivist perspective of a Bakhtinian dialogue and a collective articulation of a ZPD, described by Vygotsky, for syllabus design. The syllabus, when it emerges in this way, can be taken to be valid in terms of relevance and to serve as appropriate comprehensible input necessary as the first step for development and change for in-service primary school teachers teaching new texts set in new curricula. Classrooms in three schools in India were visited from which a syllabus outline for an in-service primary school teachers evolved. Teacher practice and resistances are analysed against larger questions, such as: What does such teacher orientation imply for linguistic development of a second language on the whole and for the cognitive development of the child? Would semi-lingualism be encouraged or would we have basic foundations for effective bilingualism?
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Colville, Tracey, James M. E. Boyle, and Marc C. Obonsawin. "‘Why is this child in special education?’: A cultural-historical activity theory-based research intervention with senior UK education leaders on assessment for, and allocation of, specialist educational resources." Educational and Child Psychology 40, no. 2 (2023): 23–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2023.40.2.23.
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AimsThis paper focuses upon systemic change in a local authority decision-making process (DMP) for allocating specialist resources for children with complex educational needs in a local authority in Scotland. The aim of the paper is to provide reflections and insights into the learning of senior managers and leaders of children’s services to lead organisational change processes.MethodThe original research study design was a two-stage, CHAT-based Developmental-Work-Research (DWR) formative intervention with nine senior managers over an 18-month period. Stage one, reported in this paper, comprised four, three-hour sessions enabling expansion of participants’ learning through a collective zone of proximal development (ZPD). Stage two was evaluation of the intervention as a change process framework and evaluation of implementation of the new model considered as a cycle of expansive learning (discussed elsewhere).FindingsExpansive learning and transformative agency in DWR sessions occurred via four key turning points. An initial focus on problems with, and then improvement of, the DMP shifted to a re-configuration of children’s services leading to the generation of a new model for meeting the children’s needs in mainstream school settings. Findings indicate that a CHAT-based intervention can support the development of new ways of learning, leadership and working to enable public services to make more effective use of resources.LimitationsSeveral groups such as social workers, allied health professionals, parents and young people were not represented directly in this study. Further research using DWR with these groups would contribute to a broader understanding of how systems within children’s services impact on service users.ConclusionCHAT has theoretical and practical relevance for professionals who engage in collaborative real-world research. Findings from the study contribute to the body of knowledge for leadership learning and intervention around change processes in educational systems.
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Parviz, Maftoon, and Sabah Somayyeh. "BRAIN Journal - A Critical Look at the Status of Affect in Second Language Acquisition Research: Lessons from Vygotsky's Legacy." BRAIN - Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience 3, no. 2 (2012): 36–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1043267.
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ABSTRACT The phenomenon of affect and its relationship to second language learning is well-known and has been experienced by most language learners. One of the main debates that has recently appeared in the Second Language Acquisition (SLA) literature is related to the status of affective factors in this domain. The present paper attempts at mulling over the current controversies over affect with a special attention to Vygotsky’s account of the matter.
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Risaaldi, Hafidh Muhammad, and Ika Wahyu Widyawati. "Strategi Scaffholding pada Prinsip Zone of Proximal Development dalam Materi Seni Patung pada Kelas IX." Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism 2, no. 1 (2024): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um084v2i12024p110-116.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan strategi scaffolding pada prinsip Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) dalam materi seni patung pada kelas IX-A di SMPN 12 Kota Malang, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan desain penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif. Dengan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan strategi Scaffolding pada prinsip ZPD dalam materi seni patung pada kelas IX-A di SMPN 12 Malang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan peningkatan nilai pretest dan posttest siswa, serta peningkatan partisipasi dan antusiasme siswa dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bagi pembelajaran seni patung di sekolah menengah pertama. Penerapan strategi Scaffolding pada prinsip ZPD dapat membantu guru dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Kata kunci: Scaffolding; Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD); Seni patung; SMPN 12 Malang Scaffholding Strategies to Zone of Proximal Development Principles in Sculptural Arts Material in Class IX This research aims to apply a scaffolding strategy based on the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) principle in sculpture material in class IX-A at SMPN 12 Malang City, using qualitative research methods with a case study research design. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation and documentation. Data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques. The research results show that the application of scaffolding strategies based on the ZPD principle in sculpture material in class IX-A at SMPN 12 Malang can improve student learning outcomes. This is evidenced by an increase in student pretest and posttest scores, as well as increased student participation and enthusiasm in learning. This research provides implications for teaching sculpture in junior high schools. Applying scaffolding strategies based on the ZPD principle can help teachers improve student learning outcomes. Keywords: Scaffolding, Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), Sculpture, SMPN 12 Malang
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Mirzaei, Azizullah, Farshad Naseri, Aliakbar Jafarpour, and Zohreh Eslami. "ZPD-based mediation of L2 learners’ comprehension of implicatures: An educational praxis framework." Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 17, no. 1-2 (2021): 127–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lpp-2021-0007.
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Abstract Conversational implicatures (CIMs) are implied by the speaker in context rather than being linguistically encoded, and learners’ inability to infer the intended meaning, if not remedied through instruction (or mediation), leads to communication breakdowns. Given this premise, the current study aimed to examine effects of classroom praxis-based instruction adjusted to EFL learners’ Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) on their comprehension of CIMs. Participants were 36 Iranian high school students in 2 classrooms, assigned to experimental and comparison groups. A 20-item CIM test was administered at pretest and posttest times to collect the data. Microgenetic trajectories were also traced through audio-recorded role-plays and social interactions within the ZPD setting. ZPD-adjusted mediational instruction on CIMs was given based on a multi-level regulatory scale and a view of microgenetic development along an other-to self-regulated functioning continuum. In the non-ZPD setting, mainstream teacher-fronted instruction was employed. ANCOVA results revealed differential instructional effects in favor of the praxis-based mediational setting. Microgenetic learning episodes also portrayed how collectively-mediated, ZPD-activated learning led to L2 learners’ progressively improved comprehension of CIMs. The findings suggest that comprehension (and perhaps production) of L2 CIMs can be improved through praxis-oriented co-construction of pragmatic knowledge through collaborative engagement with communicative activity.
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Aprianti, Yunis, Ibnu Laksana Aulia Ramdani, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Rifki, and Ridho Budhi Utomo. "Perspektif Teori Konstruktivisme Vygotsky Terhadap Kemampuan Bersosialisasi Siswa Slow Learner Di Sekolah Dasar Inklusi." DWIJA CENDEKIA: Jurnal Riset Pedagogik 9, no. 1 (2025): 135. https://doi.org/10.20961/jdc.v9i1.99167.
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<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan <em>Zone of Proximal Development</em> (ZPD) dalam pem-belajaran inklusif guna meningkatkan kemampuan bersosialisasi siswa <em>slow learner</em>. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan observasi non-partisipan di salah satu SD Negeri di Yogyakarta, serta pengumpulan data melalui observasi kelas, wawancara dengan guru dan orang tua, serta analisis dokumen sekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis ZPD dengan bantuan teman sebaya mampu meningkatkan interaksi sosial, keterampilan komunikasi, rasa percaya diri, penyelesaian konflik, dan kerja sama siswa <em>slow learner</em>. Namun, terdapat tantangan seperti kesulitan mengidentifikasi ZPD, keterbatasan sumber daya, heterogenitas kemampuan siswa, serta kurangnya kolaborasi dengan orang tua. Simpulan penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa interaksi sosial dalam ZPD efektif mendukung perkembangan sosial siswa <em>slow learner</em>, sehingga dapat menjadi dasar pengembangan intervensi pembelajaran inklusif yang lebih efektif.</p><p> </p><p><strong><em>The perspective of Vygotsky's Constructivism Theory on the social skills of slow learner students in inclusive elementary schools</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Abstra</em></strong><strong><em>ct</em></strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) in inclusive education to improve the socialization skills of slow learners. A case study method was employed, using non-participant observation at a public elementary school in Yogyakarta, along with data collection through classroom observations, interviews with teachers and parents, and analysis of school documents. The results indicate that ZPD-based learning, facilitated by peer assistance, enhances slow learners' social interaction, communication skills, self-confidence, conflict resolution, and cooperation. However, challenges such as difficulties in identifying ZPD, limited resources, varying student abilities, and insufficient parental collaboration were identified. The study concludes that social interaction within the ZPD framework effectively supports the social development of slow learner, providing a foundation for designing more effective inclusive learning interventions.</em><em></em></p>
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Margolis, A. A. "Zone of Proximal Development, Scaffolding and Teaching Practice." Cultural-Historical Psychology 16, no. 3 (2020): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2020160303.
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The construction of the zone of proximal development (ZPD) in the context of teaching activity is discussed in the paper.ZPD is compared and contrasted with the concept of scaffolding as introduced by Jerome Bruner. In the context of its potential for operationalisation in the form of teacher activities, the author examines key ZPD content given by Lev Vygotsky in terms of the complex interaction of spontaneous (everyday) concepts formed prior to the beginning of school education with scientific (theoretical) concepts formed during schooling. Vygotsky’s main idea about the leading role of scientific concepts in the restructuring of previously formed spontaneous concepts, as well as in the development of the child’s holistic thinking, leads to the conclusion that it is possible also to directly influence the spontaneous formation concepts change through the organisation of collectively distributed forms of educational activity and in a polylogue based the Socratic method. The leading psychological processes, which ensure the development of spontaneous concepts through their greater generalisation and awareness, comprise the processes of exteriorisation of spontaneous concepts, reflection and subsequent interiorisation of a collectively constructed concept. Therefore, the activities of teaching in constructing a ZPD include providing conditions for the distribution of individual operations in the course of a joint learning action and facilitating a polylogue to ensure the effective functioning of these psychological processes in the course of specifically organised learning activities.
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Mohammad Bolad, Mahmoud Amjad, Hateenah Ali Sulaiman Yousef, Khanngeun Vongsawath, Miss Nuro Sabuela, and Endang Fauziati. "Collaborative Learning in TEFL: A Social Constructivist Approach through the Lens of the ZPD." JPGENUS: Jurnal Pendidikan Generasi Nusantara 3, no. 1 (2025): 48–56. https://doi.org/10.61787/xf991777.
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This research highlighted the role of collaborative learning in the frame of Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) within the lens of a social constructivist learning theory, with a specific highlight on the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) created by Vygotsky. This study applied a qualitative method, collecting data from a reflective journal and follow-up interviews with four participants involved in a collaborative TEFL-based activity writing an article to gather their insights and experiences while doing so. The results indicated how involvement in critical thinking, peer support, and active participation within a collaborative set, influenced the participants’ English language skills and academic development within the TEFL context. The research contributes to the literature by illustrating the effectiveness of combining ZPD and social constructivist principles in TEFL, providing usable knowledge for educators and policymakers to implement these collaborative techniques that provide in-depth linguistic understanding and more positive learning environment.
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Bulle, Sylvaine. "La zad, le kibboutz : des expérimentations existentielles." Revue du MAUSS 62, no. 2 (2024): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rdm1.062.0217.
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Les deux expériences politiques des Kibboutzim (Israël) et des zones à défendre (France) apparaissent éloignées et incomparables. Pourtant, dans ces deux cas, les modalités d’usage des ressources collectives, agricoles ou industrielles, l’importance de l’entraide et de l’autogestion offrent des points de comparaison. Dans les deux cas, les normes et les grammaires qui président à l’organisation de ces communautés ont pour ambition de réaliser une émancipation fondée sur l’expérience collective, indépendamment de toute détermination exogène et de tout rapport de production. La contribution développée ici permet de mener une analyse comparative de ces formes politiques et sociales basées sur la recherche de l’autonomie politique comme voie de l’émancipation. L’analyse met en valeur les points similaires comme l’autogestion, la non-domination, le refus du salariat, la démocratie directe, mais également leurs différences : le rapport à l’État et à l’auto-suffisance. Elle permet une conceptualisation de nouvelles figures de l’espace et du temps, qui ne projettent pas leur finalité au-delà du temps présent.
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Subianto, Agus, Budi Rianto, and Mohammad Reevany Bustami. "The Role of Stakeholders and Framework in Partnerships: The Management of the Collective Protected Zone in Indonesia." Jurnal Public Policy 10, no. 3 (2024): 161. https://doi.org/10.35308/jpp.v10i3.7889.
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This article reveals the experiences in Philippines, Ecuador, and West Papua-Indonesia, as well as the key contexts in East Java-Indonesia. The aim is to show that the management of a collective protected zone (CPZ) which is more appropriate in stakeholders’ partnership, sharing roles and responsibilities, and having a management framework for conservation for ecological, economic, social, and cultural purposes. It is in line with the dynamics of post-reform decentralization of marine resource management. This article discusses the decentralization policy toward partnerships between the village government and fisherman groups in managing CPZ Bangsring waters in Banyuwangi. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and focus group discussion. The analysis reveals that the decentralization policy towards partnerships for the management of CPZ waters has succeeded in building partnership capacity to address collective action problems through the development of incentive structures and social capital. To develop community participation in ZPB, five initiatives are recommended (1) accommodating local cultural values (2) involving community groups and local institutions (3) using conservation areas according to the standards (3) government policies that ensure the sustainability of ZPB waters to be more collaborative and innovative.
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Izquierdo-Rico, M. J., R. Romar, C. Kohata, and H. Funahashi. "263 REGULATION OF SEVERAL TRANSCRIPTS DURING IN VITRO MATURATION IN PORCINE OOCYTES COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT SIZE FOLLICLES." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, no. 1 (2011): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv23n1ab263.
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Oocyte-specific transcripts play important roles in oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryonic development. Currently, oocytes from medium-size follicles have been used for different assisted reproductive techniques after in vitro maturation (IVM). The aim of this study was to compare the mRNA expression level in porcine oocytes collected from medium (3–6 mm) and small (<2 mm) size follicles. Genes were selected based on their described maternal effect (NALP9, HSF1), their identification as markers of oocyte maturation (AURK-A, AURK-B, MOS, and C-mos), their involvement in fertilization (ZP3, ZP4), and anti-apoptotic effect (Bcl-2). All transcripts were studied in oocytes just after collection [germinal vesicle (GV) stage] and after in vitro maturation (IVM; metaphase II stage). To ensure nuclear stage of immature oocytes, oocytes were mechanically denuded just after collection, centrifuged (10 000 rpm, 5 min, RT), and observed under the microscope (60×). Those oocytes with clear nucleolus and evident nuclear membrane were selected and stored (n = 10) until study. For metaphase II oocytes, only those exhibiting the extrusion of first polar body after IVM (n = 10) were selected. Total RNA was extracted from the pool of 10 immature and mature oocytes. One picogram of luciferase mRNA per oocyte was added as an exogenous standard. Total RNA was extracted from oocytes and cDNA was obtained and used as a template for quantitative PCR to analyse the level of different transcripts. The whole process was replicated 4 times. Data were normalized to the luciferase RNA and analysed by one-way ANOVA with maturational stage (GV or metaphase II) and follicle size (small or medium) as fixed factors. Results show that all transcripts were significantly decreased during IVM (P < 0.05). Therefore, after IVM, NALP9, AURK-A, MOS, C-mos, ZP3, ZP4, and Bcl-2 transcripts were significantly reduced in matured oocytes compared with immature ones irrespective of follicle diameter. Transcripts of AURKAB and HSF1 decreased after IVM in oocytes from medium follicles or small follicles, respectively. A significant effect of follicular size was only detected in MOS transcripts in GV-stage oocytes because those collected from middle follicles had a higher amount than the ones from small follicles (Table 1). These results suggest that the variations in the maternal store of RNA during IVM are not related with follicle diameter for the studied genes. Further investigations are necessary to determinate the developmental competence of oocytes that came from different types of follicles (small and medium follicles). Table 1.Variation of transcripts during in vitro maturation in porcine oocytes collected from small and medium follicles This study was supported by Okayama University. R. Romar was given a grant by JSPS (Ref. S-09210).
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Taufiq, M., and F. Rokhman. "Scientific Communication Skills Profile of Prospective Science Teachers Based on Sociocultural Aspects." Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia 9, no. 2 (2020): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v9i2.24366.
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One of the essential skills for future science teacher candidates is scientific communication, while the background of sociocultural aspects influences communication which must have a scientific basis. This research aims to analyse the scientific communication skills of prospective science teacher based on sociocultural aspects. Quantitative survey research methods applied in this research, using a questionnaire as a data collection tool. The population in this research were students of natural science education programs at one of the state universities in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, while the samples are 87 students. The results of this study indicate that the sociocultural aspects of students vary with the characteristics of the area of origin, regional languages, different languages, regional cultures, and different social attitudes. The sociocultural aspects are specified in two levels, which are Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and More Knowledgeable Other (MKO). At the ZPD level, 67% of the students are in the intermediate criteria and 33% in the advanced criteria. While at the MKO level, the criteria are intermediate and advanced, with percentages almost equal to 49% and 51%, respectively. It was concluded that the profile of scientific communication skills of prospective science teacher based on sociocultural aspects was in the intermediate and advanced criteria. Students are indicated to experience “vernacular misconceptions” related to the sociocultural aspects of the use of various languages used in daily communication and writing. The frequency is dominated by the use of regional languages that are not relevant to scientific languages. Further research needs to be carried out on the identification of scientific misconceptions related to sociocultural aspects.
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Kamid, Kamid, Sutrisno Sutrisno, Dwi Agus Kurniawan, Khairul Anwar, Elza Triani, and Sabila Eka Septi. "ZPD Technological Learning Environment In Learning Computational Thinking Skill-Based Mathematics." Jurnal Pedagogi dan Pembelajaran 6, no. 1 (2023): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jp2.v6i1.57920.
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This research was conducted as an innovation related to learning problems that often occur in students. This research aims to develop a technological prototype of the mathematics-computation learning environment for playing skills using the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) approach based on intelligent technology. This type of research is Research and Development using the 4-D model flow (Four-D Models). The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Data collection in this study uses angles for learning environment data sources and computational thinking. Then interviews are used as a source of learning experience data. Data analysis on quantitative data types used descriptive and inferential statistics in the form of independent sample t-tests and the Miles and Huberman model. This study found differences in the computational thinking abilities of male and female students, and the dominant computational thinking abilities were male students. This development research has produced an online learning environment product where the product is valid in the opinion of experts in the good category, exciting and feasible to implement. The learning environment assists and facilitates students in learning mathematics by using technology geared toward improving thinking.
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Iliukhin, Yuriy. "Rodents of the family Gliridae in the collection of the Museum of Nature at V. N. Karazin University of Kharkiv." Theriologia Ukrainica 2021, no. 22 (2021): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tu2203.
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The family Gliridae is represented in the collection of the Museum of Nature (MNKU) by 39 specimens of 2 species that belong to two subfamilies. The species Glis glis is presented by three specimens, whereas Dryomys nitedula by 36 specimens. A complete list of specimens with all of their data (except body dimensions) is given. The oldest specimens in the collection are dated to the 19th and early 20th centuries: a mounted specimen of Dryomys nitedula was made in 1879; a mounted Glis glis specimen was made in 1879; two study skins of Dryomys nitedula were prepared in 1904 and 1908, respectively. Most collection specimens of glirids date back to the 1930s and 1940s. The geography of specimens covers the territory from Austria to Kazakhstan, Georgia, and Tajikistan. Most of the samples (33) were collected in Ukraine, of which 31 specimens of D. nitedula originates from Khar¬kiv Oblast and make up a substantial regional comparative sample. Thirteen specimens of D. nitedula represent animals born in captivity to two females captured in the wild; all of them are dated, which allows the pace of their development to be studied. The comparison of the Gliridae collection of MNKU with collections of three other museums of Ukraine — zoological department of the National Museum of Natural History NAS of Ukraine in Kyiv (NMNH), Zoological Museum of Lviv University (ZMD), and Zoological Museum of Luhansk University (ZMLU) — is presented. The MNKU collection ranks third after NMNH and ZMD by the number of species and specimens represented, but it is substantially ahead of ZMD by the number of D. nitedula specimens (33 against 7). The MNKU collection also includes more specimens of D. nitedula (4) from the Central Asian region (2 from Tajikistan and 2 from Kazakhstan); in other museums, there are only 3 specimens from Kyrgyzstan: 2 specimens in NMNH and 1 specimen in ZMD. Specimens of Gliridae dated to the 19th century are present only in the collection of MNKU. The collection material is both exhibited as mounted specimens and stored as study skins in scientific collections. The collection of the family Gliridae is in good condition and it can be used for scientific and educational purposes.
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Cheng, A., T. Le, M. Palacios, et al. "Sperm-egg recognition in the mouse: characterization of sp56, a sperm protein having specific affinity for ZP3." Journal of Cell Biology 125, no. 4 (1994): 867–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.125.4.867.
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Recognition between mammalian gametes occurs when the plasma membrane of the sperm head binds to the zona pellucida (ZP), an extracellular coat surrounding eggs. ZP3, one of three glycoproteins in the ZP, is the egg protein recognized by sperm. A mouse sperm surface protein, sp56 (M(r) = 56,000), has been identified on the basis of its specific affinity for ZP3 (Bleil, J. D., and P. M. Wassarman. 1990. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 87:5563-5567). Studies presented here were designed to characterize mouse sperm sp56 and to further test whether or not this protein specifically recognizes ZP3. sp56 was purified by both ZP3 affinity chromatography and by ion exchange chromatography followed by size-exclusion chromatography. The purified native protein eluted from size-exclusion columns as a homomultimer (M(r) approximately 110,000). Each monomer of the protein contains intramolecular disulfide bonds, consistent with its extracellular location. Immunohistochemical and immunoblotting studies, using monoclonal antibodies, demonstrated that sp56 is a peripheral membrane protein located on the outer surface of the sperm head plasma membrane, precisely where sperm bind ZP3. Results of crosslinking experiments demonstrated that the ZP3 oligosaccharide recognized by sperm has specific affinity for sp56. Collectively, these results suggest that sp56 may be the sperm protein responsible for sperm-egg recognition in the mouse.
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Sacco, Anthony G., Donna L. Pierce, Marappa G. Subramanian, Edward C. Yurewicz, and W. Richard Dukelow. "Ovaries Remain Functional in Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) Immunized with Porcine Zona Pellucida 55,000 Macromolecule1." Biology of Reproduction 36, no. 2 (1987): 481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod36.2.481.
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Abstract Fifty female squirrel monkeys were each immunized with 200 micrograms of a purified preparation of the 55,000 macromolecule (ZP3) from porcine zona pellucida. The fertility status of these immunized monkeys, as well as the effect of ZP3 antibodies on ovarian function, was monitored. High anti-ZP3 titers were achieved (> 75% binding levels as determined by radioimmunoassay) and remained high (~ 67% binding level) for the duration of this study. Hormonal evaluations indicated initial disturbances in normal ovarian steroid secretion and function that were confirmed by laparoscopic observation and oocyte production data. Histological examination of ovaries at 6–7 mo post-injection suggested an interference in folliculogenesis. No pregnancies were observed in the immunized monkeys during this period. By 10–15 mo post-immunization, hormonal and laparoscopic data indicated that ovarian function was recovering in injected monkeys despite the continued presence of high titers to ZP3. Collectively, these results demonstrate that although immunization with ZP3 initially produces disturbances in normal ovarian function that inhibit fertility, these effects are reversible. Such findings encourage the continued intensive investigation of purified porcine zona macromolecules for immunocontraceptive purposes.
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Utomo, D. P., and T. Santoso. "Zone of proximal development and scaffolding required by junior high school students in solving mathematical problems." Education and science journal 23, no. 9 (2021): 186–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2021-9-186-202.
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Introduction. Mathematics comprises grading concepts. It means that one specific concept can be interrelated to another concept, which embodies a continuous process. Mathematics instruction at schools is ordinarily delivered from the easiest to the hardest concepts and requires a considerably deep understanding of each concept. By acquiring the understanding, it is quite certain that students can solve mathematical problems effectively.Aim. The current research aimed to analyse and describe the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and scaffolding required by junior high school students in mathematical problem-solving. There is also an attempt to describe the actual level of competence possessed by students, and to determine the level of scaffolding needed to develop students’ learning competencies.Methodology and research methods. The present research employed a qualitative method within the descriptive approach. The research sample consisted of six students who attended the ninth grade at Muhammadiyah Junior High School 1 in Malang, Indonesia. The participants were grouped based on their mathematical competence levels, i.e. two high-achievers, two average-achievers, and two low-achievers. The data collection technique is done by giving tests, interviews, and observations. As for the teaching material, geometry was chosen as the main theme, covering the topic “Volumes of a Tube and a Ball”.Results. This research revealed that ZPD of the high-achievers was effective to help them solve mathematical problems independently. Conversely, the average- and low-achievers were found to be problematic at solving mathematical problems independently. The teachers must review and restructure the scaffolding strategies, dealing intensively with students who are less competent in solving mathematical problems.The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that previous studies have described efforts to improve the quality of learning through scaffolding (Siyepu S., 2013). This study describes in full the scaffolding process in the classroom: identification of students’ actual abilities and potential abilities after implementing instructional scaffolding.Practical significance. Referring to the results of the research, it is suggested that teachers should be so heedful about their students’ ZPD and thus more appropriate scaffolding treatments can be applied. In addition, teachers are strongly recommended doing self-training in scaffolding and keeping the instruction for their students to analyse their answers repeatedly to avoid a fallacy in operations. Besides, teachers should prepare their students to be good problem-solvers by exposing them to various exercises. For further studies, it is highly expected that more relevant research should be conducted from different viewpoints, i.e. investigating the effective scaffolding strategies.
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SALSABILA, YULIA RAKHMA, and MUQOWIM MUQOWIM. "KORELASI ANTARA TEORI BELAJAR KONSTRUKTIVISME LEV VYGOTSKY DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL)." LEARNING : Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran 4, no. 3 (2024): 813–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51878/learning.v4i3.3185.
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This study aims to analyze the relationship between Lev Vygotsky's constructivism learning theory and the problem-based learning (PBL) learning model. This research is a type of library research with a qualitative approach. Data collection methods in this study use documentation methods such as bubu-book articles related to constructivism theory and Problem Based Learning learning models. Data analysis techniques using the Miles and Huberman model include data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between Lev Vygotsky's constructivism theory, especially the concept of Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and scaffolding with the Problem Based Learning learning model. This is seen from the application of the same principles of how learning occurs effectively. Both emphasize active, collaborative, context-based learning and are supported by appropriate guidance so that overall it can create a learning environment that supports students' cognitive development and skills in solving problems. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keterkaitan antara teori belajar konstruktivisme Lev Vygotsky dengan model pembelajaran problem based learning (PBL). Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan atau library research dengan Pendekatan Kualitatif. Metode Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode dokumentasi seperti bubu-buku artikel yang terkait tentang teori konstruktivisme dan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Teknik analisis data mengunakan model Miles dan Huberman meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara teori konstruktivisme Lev Vygotsky terutama konsep Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) dan scaffolding dengan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Hal tersebut diilihat dari penerapan prinsip-prinsip yang sama tentang bagaimana pembelajaran terjadi secara efektif. Keduanya menekankan pembelajaran aktif, kolaboratif, berbasis konteks dan didukung oleh bimbingan yang tepat sehingga secara keseluruhan dapat menciptkan lingkungan belajar yang mendukung perkembangan kognitif dan keterampilan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah.
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Fatmiyati, Novita, Freddy Prasetyo, Dela Ambarwati, and Dadan Dasari. "Investigasi Desain Pengajaran untuk Penalaran Matematis." Al-Khwarizmi : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam 11, no. 1 (2023): 45–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24256/jpmipa.v11i1.3428.
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Abstract:Learning mathematics requires students to have various abilities and skills, including mathematical reasoning ability. This study aims to identify any matters related to teaching design in mathematics education toward students' mathematical reasoning abilities. The method used was Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and the collection of literature used as research subjects were carried out by searching the Scopus database and using inclusion criteria in the form of (1) written in English, (2) published in the last ten years (2013-2022), and (3) indexed by Scopus. There are 24 articles identified that meet the inclusion criteria and were analyzed based on teaching design categorization by van der Akker that has been modified by Lithner. The results found that there are learning designs that affect various mathematical reasoning abilities, namely the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), Realistic Mathematics Education (RME), and Theory of Didactical Situation (TDS), where various claims in the form of interventions such as learning models, learning instructions and teaching media or materials, which have been seen to effectively improve students' mathematical reasoning abilities. Abstrak:Pembelajaran matematika menuntut kemampuan dan keterampilan siswa, salah satunya kemampuan penalaran matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengindentifikasi desain pembelajaran matematika terkait kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengidentifikasi database Scopusdengan kriteria inklusi berupa (1) ditulis dalam Bahasa Inggris, (2) diterbitkan selama sepuluh tahun terakhir (2013-2022), dan (3) terindeks Scopus. Terdapat 24 artikel yang teridentifikasi memenuhi kriteria tersebut yang selanjutnya dianalisis berdasarkan kategorisasi desain pengajaran menurut van der Akker yang dimodifikasi oleh Lithner. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan terdapat desain pengajaran yang mempengaruhi berbagai kemampuan penalaran matematis, yaitu Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), Realistic Mathematics Education (RME), dan Theory of Didactical Situation (TDS), dengan berbagai klaim diantaranya intervensi model pembelajaran, instruksi pembelajaran, dan media atau bahan ajar, yang secara efektif meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematika siswa.
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Wijiastuti, Asri, Siti Masitoh, Ima Kurrotun Ainin, and Febrita Ardianingsih. "Critical Analysis of the Inclusive Education Implementation in the Concept of Freedom of the Soul and Zona Proximal Development." JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Inklusi) 3, no. 2 (2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/inklusi.v3n2.p62-71.
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AbstractKi Hadjar Dewantara laid the foundation of education in Indonesia through his thoughts related to the nature of children in 1913-1919. On the other hand Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) stated a theory that children are able to learn with the help of competent people. Both theories illustrate that the implementation of education will provide freedom and happiness for children in learning to learn by understanding children naturally and as they are. Research that has been done using ethnographic design aims to dissect and trace Ki Hadjar Dewantara's thoughts and Vygotsky's theory in the implementation of inclusive education. Data collection is done through documentation studies, guided group discussions, and questionnaires. The results of the analysis of the position of Vygotsky's theory in the implementation of inclusive education in the concept of the Zone of Proximal Development are focused on how children construct knowledge according to their culture and ways. The ZPD concept which focuses on cognitive theory emerged around 1993 which in Indonesia itself had been developed by Ki Hadjar Dewantara in 1913-1919 the emphasis was on teaching according to the nature of the child. Ki Hadjar's philosophy is heavily influenced by Maria Montessori's thoughts which emphasize the value of children's independent activities and the importance of children's growth as individuals. In 1952 Ki Hadjar Dewantara created a "system among" approach that put forward “Freedom of the Soul”. The system that supports the child's natural nature in order to develop inner and outer life according to his own nature. Knowledge and intelligence are only tools, the fruit is the maturity of the soul that can realize life and livelihood in an orderly, holy, and useful for others. The concepts of “Freedom of the Soul” and ZPD, are aligned in the cognitive view and efforts of children in obtaining the concept of knowledge in the implementation of education in the classroom. AbstrakKi Hadjar Dewantara meletakkan dasar pendidikan di Indonesia melalui pemikirannya terkait dengan sifat anak-anak pada tahun 1913-1919. Di sisi lain, Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) menyatakan teori bahwa anak-anak dapat belajar dengan bantuan orang yang kompeten. Kedua teori tersebut menggambarkan bahwa implementasi pendidikan akan memberikan kebebasan dan kebahagiaan bagi anak dalam belajar belajar dengan memahami anak secara alami dan sebagaimana adanya. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain etnografi bertujuan untuk membedah dan melacak pemikiran Ki Hadjar Dewantara dan teori Vygotsky dalam implementasi pendidikan inklusif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi dokumentasi, diskusi kelompok terpimpin, dan kuesioner. Hasil analisis posisi teori Vygotsky dalam penerapan pendidikan inklusif dalam konsep Zona Pengembangan Proksimal difokuskan pada bagaimana anak-anak membangun pengetahuan sesuai dengan budaya dan cara mereka. Konsep ZPD yang berfokus pada teori kognitif muncul sekitar tahun 1993 yang di Indonesia sendiri telah dikembangkan oleh Ki Hadjar Dewantara pada tahun 1913-1919 penekanannya adalah pada pengajaran sesuai dengan sifat anak. Filosofi Ki Hadjar sangat dipengaruhi oleh pemikiran Maria Montessori yang menekankan nilai kegiatan mandiri anak-anak dan pentingnya pertumbuhan anak sebagai individu. Pada tahun 1952 Ki Hadjar Dewantara menciptakan pendekatan "sistem di antara" yang mengedepankan "Kebebasan Jiwa". Sistem yang mendukung sifat alami anak untuk mengembangkan kehidupan dalam dan luar sesuai dengan sifatnya sendiri. Pengetahuan dan kecerdasan hanyalah alat, buah adalah kematangan jiwa yang bisa mewujudkan kehidupan dan mata pencaharian secara tertib, suci, dan bermanfaat bagi orang lain. Konsep "Kebebasan Jiwa" dan ZPD, diselaraskan dalam pandangan kognitif dan upaya anak-anak dalam memperoleh konsep pengetahuan dalam implementasi pendidikan di kelas.
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Castanheira, Mariana, Michael D. Huband, Robert K. Flamm та Helio S. Sader. "1598. Antimicrobial Activity of the Novel β-Lactam Enhancer Combination Cefepime–Zidebactam (WCK-5222) Tested Against Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated in United States Medical Centers from Patients with Bloodstream Infections". Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1462.
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Abstract Background Zidebactam (ZID) is a β-lactam enhancer antibiotic with a dual mechanism of action: high binding affinity to gram-negative PBP2 and β-lactamase (BL) inhibition. We evaluated the activity of cefepime (FEP) combined with ZID against contemporary clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli (GNB) causing bloodstream infections (BSIs) in the US hospitals. Methods 1,239 GNB were consecutively collected (1/patient) from 34 US medical centers in 2018. Susceptibility (S) testing against FEP-ZID (1:1 ratio) and comparators were performed by reference broth microdilution method in a central laboratory. The FEP S breakpoint of ≤ 8 mg/L (CLSI, high dose) was applied to FEP-ZID for comparison purposes. An FEP-ZID S breakpoint of ≤ 64 mg/L has been proposed for non-fermentative GNB based on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment and was also applied. Selected Enterobacterales (ENT) isolates were evaluated by whole-genome sequencing. Results FEP-ZID was highly active against ENT (MIC50/MIC90, 0.03/0.12 mg/L; highest MIC, 4 mg/L; Table), including multidrug-resistant (MDR, MIC50/MIC90, 0.12/0.25 mg/L) and carbapenem-resistant isolates (n = 7; MIC50, 0.5 mg/L). The highest FEP-ZID MIC values among E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and E. cloacae were 1, 2, and 0.25 mg/L, respectively. The most active comparators tested against MDR ENT were ceftazidime–avibactam (CAZ-AVI; MIC50/MIC90, 0.25/1 mg/L; 98.0%S), meropenem (MEM; MIC50/MIC90, 0.03/0.12 mg/L; 93.1%S) and amikacin (AMK; MIC50/MIC90, 4/16 mg/L; 92.1%S). The most active agents tested against P. aeruginosa were FEP-ZID (MIC50/MIC90, 1/4 mg/L; highest MIC, 8 mg/L), colistin (MIC50/MIC90, 0.5/1 mg/L; 100.0%S), and AMK (MIC50/MIC90, 4/8 mg/L; 99.2%S); whereas CAZ-AVI and ceftolozane–tazobactam were active against 96.5–96.7% of isolates. FEP-ZID exhibited good activity against Acinetobacter spp. (MIC50/MIC90, 2/8 mg/L) and S. maltophilia (MIC50/MIC90, 4/32 mg/L). S. maltophilia displayed low S rates to most comparators. Conclusion FEP-ZID demonstrated potent activity against a large collection GNB from BSI, including isolates resistant to other BL inhibitor combinations and/or carbapenems. These results support further clinical development of FEP-ZID. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Sader, Helio S., Mariana Castanheira, Jennifer M. Streit, Leonard R. Duncan, and Robert K. Flamm. "Cefepime-Zidebactam (WCK 5222) Activity Tested against Gram-negative Organisms Causing Bloodstream Infections Worldwide." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 4, suppl_1 (2017): S374—S375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.922.
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Abstract Background Zidebactam (ZID), a bicyclo-acyl hydrazide, is a β-lactam enhancer with a dual mechanism of action involving selective and high binding affinity to Gram-negative (GN) PBP2 and β-lactamase inhibition. We evaluated the in vitro activity of cefepime (FEP) combined with ZID against GN organisms causing bloodstream infections (BSI) in hospitals worldwide. Methods A total of 2,094 isolates from 105 medical centers were evaluated. Isolates were collected from Europe (1,050), USA (331), Latin America (LA; 200) and the Asia-Pacific region (AP; 393) in 2015, and China (120) in 2013 by the SENTRY Program. Susceptibility (S) testing was performed by reference broth microdilution method against FEP-ZID (1:1 ratio) and comparators. The collection included 1,809 Enterobacteriaceae (ENT), 170 P. aeruginosa (PSA) and 115 Acinetobacter spp. (ASP). Results FEP-ZID was very active against ENT (MIC50/90 of ≤0.03/0.12 μg/mL) with 99.9 and 100.0% of isolates inhibited at ≤4/4 and ≤8/8 μg/mL, respectively, and retained potent activity against carbapenem-resistant (CRE; n = 44; MIC50/90, 1/4 μg/mL), multidrug-resistant (MDR), and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) isolates (Table). Amikacin (AMK; MIC50/90, 2/4 μg/mL; 97.7% S) was also very active against ENT, and colistin (COL; MIC50/90, 0.12/&gt;8 μg/mL) inhibited only 87.3% of isolates at ≤2 μg/mL. FEP-ZID was highly active against PSA, including isolates resistant to other antipseudomonal β-lactams, MDR (MIC50/90, 4/8 μg/mL) and XDR (MIC50/90, 4/8 μg/mL) isolates. Among the comparators, COL (MIC50/90 of ≤0.5/1 μg/mL; 100.0% S) and AMK (MIC50/90, 4/16 μg/mL; 91.2% S) were the most active agents against PSA. FEP-ZID (MIC50/90, 16/32 μg/mL) was 4-fold more active than FEP against ASP. Conclusion FEP-ZID (WCK 5222) exhibited potent in vitro activity against a large worldwide collection of GN isolates from BSI, including MDR and XDR isolates. These results support further clinical development of WCK 5222 for treating BSI. Disclosures H. S. Sader, Wockhardt Bio Ag: Research Contractor, Research grant; M. Castanheira, Wockhardt Bio Ag: Research Contractor, Research grant; J. M. Streit, Wockhardt Bio Ag: Research Contractor, Research grant; L. R. Duncan, Wockhardt Bio Ag: Research Contractor, Research grant; R. K. Flamm, Wock: Research Contractor, Research support
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Sobarna, Nanang, Adzka Muhammad Azzam Al Murtadho, and Teguh Sandjaya. "Pendayagunaan Dana Zakat Pada Lembaga Program Zakat Community Development Badan Amil Zakat Nasional Di Desa Cemplang Kecamatan Cibungbulang Kabupaten Bogor." Jurnal Inspirasi 13, no. 2 (2022): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35880/inspirasi.v13i2.2026.
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This study aims to conduct an in-depth study related to the utilization of zakat funds in the Zakat Community Development program institution of the National Amil Zakat Agency (ZCD BAZNAS) in the context of empowering the mustahik economic dimension carried out in Cemplang village, Bogor Regency. This research is a type of qualitative research through a descriptive approach. The data collection technique used is using data collection techniques with document documentation used are documents or catalog records and information from official social media ZCD BAZNAS related to program institutions in Cemplang village. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the productive zakat fund utilization program provided by the BAZNAS ZCD program institution became a solution in overcoming the problem of economic inequality in the community where this program helped mustahik in improving and increasing their economic income. This utilization program has been given to mustahik in Cemplang village in 2 (two) farmer groups, namely POKTAN Berkah (Blessing Farmers Group) which runs a type of business in the field of banana cultivation, and POKDAKAN Tunas Karya (Tunas Karya Fish Farmer Group) which runs a type of business in the fish sector. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan telaah mendalam terkait pendayagunaan dana zakat pada lembaga program Zakat Community Development Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (ZCD BAZNAS) dalam rangka pemberdayaan pada dimensi ekonomi mustahik yang dilakukan di desa Cemplang Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif melalui pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan dokumentasi dokumen yang digunakan adalah dokumen atau catatan katalog dan informasi dari sosial media resmi ZCD BAZNAS yang berhubungan dengan lembaga program yang berada di desa Cemplang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa Program pendayagunaan dana zakat produktif yang diberikan oleh lembaga program ZCD BAZNAS menjadi suatu solusi dalam mengatasi permasalahan kesenjangan ekonomi masyarakat dimana program ini membantu mustahik dalam memperbaiki dan meningkatkan pendapatan ekonomi mereka. Program pendayagunaan ini telah diberikan kepada mustahik di desa Cemplang dalam 2 (dua) kelompok tani yaitu POKTAN Berkah (Kelompok Tani Berkah) yang menjalankan jenis usaha dibidang budidaya pisang, dan POKDAKAN Tunas Karya (Kelompok Tani Ikan Tunas Karya) yang menjalankan jenis usaha dibidang ikan nila.
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Seybert, Anja, Clara C. Posthuma, Leonie C. van Dinten, Eric J. Snijder, Alexander E. Gorbalenya, and John Ziebuhr. "A Complex Zinc Finger Controls the Enzymatic Activities of Nidovirus Helicases." Journal of Virology 79, no. 2 (2005): 696–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.2.696-704.2005.
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ABSTRACT Nidoviruses (Coronaviridae, Arteriviridae, and Roniviridae) encode a nonstructural protein, called nsp10 in arteriviruses and nsp13 in coronaviruses, that is comprised of a C-terminal superfamily 1 helicase domain and an N-terminal, putative zinc-binding domain (ZBD). Previously, mutations in the equine arteritis virus (EAV) nsp10 ZBD were shown to block arterivirus reproduction by disrupting RNA synthesis and possibly virion biogenesis. Here, we characterized the ATPase and helicase activities of bacterially expressed mutant forms of nsp10 and its human coronavirus 229E ortholog, nsp13, and correlated these in vitro activities with specific virus phenotypes. Replacement of conserved Cys or His residues with Ala proved to be more deleterious than Cys-for-His or His-for-Cys replacements. Furthermore, denaturation-renaturation experiments revealed that, during protein refolding, Zn2+ is essential for the rescue of the enzymatic activities of nidovirus helicases. Taken together, the data strongly support the zinc-binding function of the N-terminal domain of nidovirus helicases. nsp10 ATPase/helicase deficiency resulting from single-residue substitutions in the ZBD or deletion of the entire domain could not be complemented in trans by wild-type ZBD, suggesting a critical function of the ZBD in cis. Consistently, no viral RNA synthesis was detected after transfection of EAV full-length RNAs encoding ATPase/helicase-deficient nsp10 into susceptible cells. In contrast, diverse phenotypes were observed for mutants with enzymatically active nsp10, which in a number of cases correlated with the activities measured in vitro. Collectively, our data suggest that the ZBD is critically involved in nidovirus replication and transcription by modulating the enzymatic activities of the helicase domain and other, yet unknown, mechanisms.
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Bright‐Ponte, Susan J. "Antimicrobial use data collection in animal agriculture." Zoonoses and Public Health 67, S1 (2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zph.12771.
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Erasiah, Erasiah. "TINJAUAN HISTORIOGRAFI BUKU PEMERINTAH DARURAT REPUBLIK INDONESIA (PDRI) KARYA MESTIKA ZED." Majalah Ilmiah Tabuah: Ta`limat, Budaya, Agama dan Humaniora 22, no. 1 (2018): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37108/tabuah.v22i1.24.
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The purpose of research to explore the socialcultural and intellectual background of Mestika Zed, to examine the background and objectives of Mestika Zed, analyzes the reconstruction of the PDRI book. The method used in this research is the method of historical research with the heuristic steps of source collection, sourse criticism, interpretation, and writing. The results show that socially and intellectually it is possible Mestika Zed explores information about PDRI because PDRI event occurs in his cultural environment and supported by his intellectual background as a historically-educated historian while writing PDRI is that PDRI’s role is not diverted to interpret its history by anyone, the PDRI is only a point because the textbook for school children agrees or agree Dutch view or history Dutch used to brainwash Indonesian, explaining how mistaken the Dutch looked at Indonesia at that time, explaining the history of PDRI era struggle to open a new field of struggle from city to rural or guerilla. Mestika Zed had a big hand for PDRI’s history that was virtually uncouthed at all. Method used is the historical method that is generally accepted in historical research. The theory or analysis that he used is nationalism with structural and procedural approach.
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Sader, Helio S., Cecilia G. Carvalhaes, Rodrigo E. Mendes, Mariana Castanheira, and Robert K. Flamm. "2214. Comparison of Cefepime–Zidebactam (WCK 5222), Ceftazidime–Avibactam, and Ceftolozane–Tazobactam Tested Against Gram-Negative Organisms Causing Pneumonia in United States Hospitals in 2018." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1892.
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Abstract Background Zidebactam (ZID) is a bicyclo-acyl hydrazide antibiotic with a dual mechanism of action: selective Gram-negative PBP2 binding and β-lactamase inhibition. We evaluated the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility (S) of Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) isolated from patients with pneumonia in US hospitals. Methods All 3,086 clinical isolates were consecutively collected from patients hospitalized with pneumonia (1/patient) in 29 US medical centers in 2018, and the GNB (n = 2,171) were S tested against cefepime (FEP)-ZID (1:1 ratio) and comparators by reference broth microdilution methods. The FEP S breakpoint of ≤8 mg/L (CLSI, high dose) was applied to FEP-ZID for comparison purposes. An FEP-ZID S breakpoint of ≤64 mg/L has been proposed for non-fermentative GNB based on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment and was applied. Enterobacterales (ENT) isolateswere screened for β-lactamase genes by whole-genome sequencing. Results GNB represented 70.3% of the collection, and the most common GNB were P. aeruginosa (PSA; 34.9% of GNB), K. pneumoniae (10.9%), E. coli (9.7%), S. marcescens (7.7%), and S. maltophilia (XM; 6.4%). FEP-ZID was highly active against PSA (MIC50/90, 2/8 mg/L; 98.8% and 99.9% inhibited at ≤8 and ≤16 mg/L, respectively; highest MIC, 32 mg/L), including resistant subsets (table). Among comparators, colistin (99.6%S), ceftazidime–avibactam (CAZ-AVI; 95.2%S), and ceftolozane–tazobactam (C-T; 94.5%S) were the most active compounds against PSA. FEP-ZID inhibited all ENT at ≤4 mg/L, including ESBL-producers (MIC90, 0.25 mg/L) and carbapenem-resistant ENT (MIC90, 4 mg/L). The most active comparators against ENT were CAZ-AVI (99.9%S), amikacin (98.5%S), and meropenem (MEM; 98.3%S). FEP-ZID inhibited 75.0% and 97.9% of XM isolates at ≤8 and ≤16 mg/L, respectively (highest MIC, 64 mg/L). The only other compounds active against XM were co-trimoxazole (MIC50/90, ≤0.12/2 mg/L; 95.7%S) and levofloxacin (MIC50/90, 1/2 mg/L; 70.7%S). FEP-ZID inhibited 71.0% and 98.9% of A. baumannii isolates at ≤8 and ≤64 mg/L,, respectively. Conclusion FEP-ZID showed potent in vitro activity against GNB causing pneumonia in US hospitals and may represent a valuable therapeutic option for these difficult-to-treat infections Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Luitel, Sarala. "Classroom Assessment Practice of Higher Education: A Case of Tribhuvan University." Interdisciplinary Research in Education 7, no. 1 (2022): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ire.v7i1.47497.
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Classroom assessment is for the improvement of a learner’s diverse ability, teachers teaching strategies as well as improvement of entire educating system of institutions. This qualitative phenomenological study focused on the critical analysis of the classroom assessment practices with reference to 21st century learners’ competencies and assessment techniques.The data were collected from 12 faculty members of Department of Mathematics Education, Central Department of Education, Tribhuvan University. Interview schedule and participant observation were the main tools for data collection. The data were analyzed inductively in reference to the theory of scaffolding based on ZPD (Vygotsky, 1978) based on different purposes of assessment; Assessment of, assessment for and assessment as learning. It was found that among the three purposes of assessment, assessment of learning was the dominant practice which ultimately marginalized the other two. This finding points to the need of assessment as learning and assessment for learning rather than assessment of learning, which is also exclusively focused on 21st century learning competencies.
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Gritsenko, V. A., N. V. Morozova, I. V. Gladysheva, and S. V. Cherkasov. "Assessment of the influence of synthetic peptide of the active center of granulocyte-macrophagal colony-stimulating factor – ZP2 on the growth properties of Corynebacterium spp." Russian Journal of Immunology 27, no. 3 (2024): 441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.46235/1028-7221-16862-aot.
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The goal is to study the effect of the synthetic peptide of the active center of the granulocyte-macrophage coline-stimulating factor ZP2 on the growth properties and biofilm formation of microorganisms of the genus Corynebacterium spp. In vitro experiments were carried out on 13 isolates of Corynebacterium spp., including C. amycolatum (n = 7), C. propinquum (n = 2) and C. pseudodiphtheriticum (n = 4)), previously isolated from healthy individuals and are part of the Network Collection of Symbiotic Microorganisms and Their Consortia of the Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis UrB RAS (Orenburg, Russia). The effect of different concentrations of the ZP2 peptide on the growth properties (planktonic culture growth and biofilm formation) of test strains was assessed in 96-well polystyrene plates. The inhibitory effect of the ZP2 peptide on the growth of planktonic culture was assessed by the Inhibition Index (%), on biofilm formation – by the Degree of Inhibition of Biofilm Formation (%). It was experimentally established that after 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours, a dose-dependent inhibition of the growth of planktonic cultures of all studied bacterial strains was observed under the influence of various concentrations of ZP2 (0.5-2.0 μg/ml). In this case, the inhibitory effect of the ZP2 peptide depended both on its concentration in the cultivation medium and on the growth phase of the test strain of bacteria. The maximum inhibition of the growth of planktonic culture of all studied bacterial strains under the influence of various concentrations of the ZP2 peptide was observed after 24 hours and ranged from 89.3±1.9 to 94.1±1.8% in C. amycolatum, and in C. propinquum from 90.0±0.6 to 96.7±0.3%, in C. pseudodiphtheriticum from 92.2±2.1 to 95.1±1.3. The ZP2 peptide also had a significant effect on biofilm formation in all test cultures studied. The reduction in biofilm formation depended on the concentration of the peptide and ranged from 62.4 to 78.4% in C. amycolatum, from 70.9 to 79.6% in C. propinquum, and from 76 to 82.7% in C. pseudodiphtheriticum. Thus, the antibacterial effect of the ZP2 peptide was revealed against the studied strains of corynebacteria species C. amycolatum, C. propinquum and C. pseudodiphtheriticum. According to available data, the ZP2 peptide is a drug with a wide spectrum of action that has an inhibitory effect not only on the studied actinobacteria, but also, according to literature data, on staphylococci and enterobacteria. An important prospect of the study is to reveal the mechanism of the antibacterial action of the ZP2 peptide with the characteristics of the effective concentration of the substance against pathogens and representatives of normal flora.
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Kartika, Rini Fatma, and Ali Idrus. "ANALYSIS OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ZAKAT PROGRAM AT INSTITUTIONS NATIONAL ZAKAT AMIL AGENCY JAKARTA." JURNAL AL-IJTIMAIYYAH 10, no. 1 (2024): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/al-ijtimaiyyah.v10i1.23857.
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The purpose of this research is to find out how the programs conducted by BAZNAS in the Zakat Community Development Division are used to develop the community. This research focuses on the impact the beneficiary community receives through Zakat Community Development (ZCD). Zakat is an act of worship that all Muslims must do. This research was conducted at the Office of the National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS), which is the only official body established by the government based on Presidential Decree No. 8 of 2001, has the task and function of collecting and distributing Zakat, Infaq, and Sadaqah (ZIS) at the national level. This research is qualitative. The primary data source is the Head of BAZNAS. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques with data collection, presentation, reduction, and conclusions. Based on the analysis results through interviews and observations made during the research, it can be concluded that the management of the environmental development program has been running by the program's objectives, namely reducing the poverty rate by an average of 3% each year.
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Siahaan, Tryona Loise, Gloria Luisa Saragih, and Mangido Nainggoloan. "Peran Agama Kristen Dalam Menghadapi Kehidupan Masyarakat yang Majemuk." Journal of Education Religion Humanities and Multidiciplinary 2, no. 2 (2024): 1145–50. https://doi.org/10.57235/jerumi.v2i2.4125.
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This study aims to analyze the Role of Christianity in Facing the Life of a Pluralistic Society. Christianity is very important in the life of a pluralistic society today in order to build the country of Indonesia to be even better. This research method focuses on The method in this article uses library research. Library research and research have four stages, namely preparing the necessary equipment, preparing a working bibliography, organizing time and reading, or recording research materials (according to Zed, 2004) The data collection method uses the method of searching and collecting sources from various sources such as books, journals, and research that has been done. Library materials obtained from various references are analyzed critically and need to be analyzed thoroughly to support suggestions and ideas. The results of the study show that: 1 The Role of Religion.
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Camilli, Romina, Elena Pettini, Maria Del Grosso, Gianni Pozzi, Annalisa Pantosti, and Marco R. Oggioni. "Zinc metalloproteinase genes in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae: association of the full array with a clonal cluster comprising serotypes 8 and 11A." Microbiology 152, no. 2 (2006): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.28417-0.
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Pneumococci display large zinc metalloproteinases on the surface, including the IgA protease, which cleaves human IgA1 in the hinge region, the ZmpC proteinase, which cleaves human matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and two other proteinases, ZmpB and ZmpD, whose substrates have not yet been identified. Surface metalloproteinases are antigenic and have been linked to virulence. The genes encoding these proteinases reside in three distinct loci: two loci specific for zmpB and zmpC, and a third, the iga locus, containing iga and zmpD. Data obtained by this and other groups have shown that pneumococcal metalloproteinase genes are transcribed and yield mature and enzymatically active proteins. Since the presence of the four proteinase genes is variable in the pneumococcal strains whose genomes have been sequenced, the presence of these genes in a collection of 218 pneumococcal isolates, mostly from invasive disease, was investigated. The data showed that zmpB and iga were present in all the isolates examined, while zmpC and zmpD were present in a variable proportion of the isolates (in 18 and 49 %, respectively). Interestingly, isolates carrying both zmpC and zmpD were found to belong mainly to two serotypes (sts), 8 and 11A. By molecular typing, st 8 and st 11A isolates appeared to belong to the same clonal cluster. The presence of these two additional metalloproteinases could contribute to the fitness of particular pneumococcal clones.
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Kurniawan, Bambang, G. W. I. Awal Habibah, and Sulis Handayani. "The Role of Baznas' Zakat Community Development (ZCD) in Efforts to Improve the Welfare of the Lubuk Bangkar Village Community, Jambi." ILTIZAM Journal of Shariah Economics Research 7, no. 2 (2023): 210–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30631/iltizam.v7i2.2088.
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This research aims to (1) Find out the role of ZCD in improving the welfare of the people of Lubuk Bangkar Village and the Islamic economic perspective for the role of ZCD (2) What are the factors that inhibit and encourage the ZCD program in improving the welfare of the people of Lubuk Bangkar Village (3) What is the welfare condition of the people of Lubuk Bangkar Village after the ZCD program. This research method uses descriptive qualitative with primary and secondary data types and data collection uses observation, documentation and interview techniques. The research results show (1) Improving community welfare, empowering the community's economy, providing capital and facilities, providing assistance and coaching. The ZCD program in Lubuk Bangkar Village has fulfilled the principles of the ZCD program, namely, trustworthy and responsible, sustainable, participatory and integrated. And plays a role in various aspects, namely economic aspects, da'wah, education and health. (2) Unavailability of distributors to buy the community's products or harvests, inaccurate selection of program types and inadequate facilities as well as late arrival of feed to livestock and fisheries communities. Meanwhile, the driving factor is: because Lubuk Bangkar Village is a village with underdeveloped areas and the average population is underprivileged, Baznas RI wants to develop human resources or natural resources in Lubuk Bangkar Village. (3) The percentage of poor people became 58.31% of the total population of 1,197 people and the number of unemployed people became 183 people. As well as increasing the level of public health, improving the quality of public education, creating jobs and providing employment opportunities for the community (mustahik), reducing poverty and unemployment rates. And the facilities that have been provided by BAZNAS are very helpful for the sustainability and welfare of the community in Lubuk Bangkar Village so that it is easier for the community to achieve a prosperous life and to be better at developing their own potential.
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Yuanita Armasari Muslih, Heri Saptadi Ismanto, and Lyanna Oktavia T. "Psychological Well-Being pada Siswa Broken Home." Jurnal Wahana Konseling 7, no. 1 (2024): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31851/juang.v7i1.15145.
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Families that are not intact either diminish or increase and are unable to perform their roles optimally to meet their needs related to affection, emotional, and financial can have an impact and affect the psychological well-being of individuals. Psychological well-being can be interpreted as a condition in which a person feels comfortable with attitudes such as accepting oneself, purposeful, establishing positive relationships, independent, and developing This study aims to determine and describe the psychological well-being of students who experience broken homes. This research uses qualitative methods with a fenomenology study design. Participants were selected using purposive sampling techniques with characteristics of adolescence, the same grade level and coming from broken home. Participants amounted to three people, namely in the age range of 16 to 18 years. Collection of research data by means of in-depth interviews and participant observation. The results showed that the three participants had different aspects of psychological well-being. NSF's psychological well-being is positive, RTK is more positive while ZPD is less positive.
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Pronin, Y., and V. Zubok. "Methods and Models for Ensuring Information Security During the Collection of Digital Evidence." Èlektronnoe modelirovanie 47, no. 3 (2025): 104–11. https://doi.org/10.15407/emodel.47.03.104.
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The current state of research at the intersection of cybersecurity and digital forensics is exa-mined. Focus is placed on methods and models developed to ensure information security du-ring the collection of digital evidence. The latest academic contributions regarding secure data acquisition methods, cryptographic validation, real-time and unstable data forensics, proces-sing evidence stored in cloud technologies, and the Internet of Things, as well as challenges in countering forensics, are classified and assessed. The importance of standardization, harmoni-zation of legal norms, and interdisciplinary cooperation to support the admissibility, reliability, and ethical handling of digital evidence is highlighted. Gaps in current research are identified, and future directions are proposed, including the use of artificial intelligence in collection methods, forensic preparedness strategies as a vital component of cybersecurity, and harmoni-zed frameworks for processing evidence across jurisdictions.
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Fadilah, Sri, Mey Maemunah, and Nopi Hernawati. "Community Social Empowerment in Zakat Community Development (ZCD)." MIMBAR : Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan 35, no. 2 (2019): 460–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v35i2.5127.
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A large portion of the zakat utilization program is something needed in order to have long-term benefits of zakat and to increase the socio-economic value of zakat funds, one of which is the community's social empowerment program. BAZNAS (the National Zakat Amil Agency) of West Java, which has an intermediary function, conducts the Zakat Community Development (ZCD) program to empower the community. This study aims to determine the profile of social empowerment in the ZCD program. The research method applied is a case study and descriptive approach with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results show that the effectiveness of zakat utilization can be increased through community social empowerment programs that are carried out in stages, namely the stage of mental development, group activities, and capacity building activities. Such a method aims to divide the empowerment process and identify competencies and community development.
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Kargin, Tolga. "The World of Penguins: The Role of Peer Culture in Young Children’s Interaction in Online Games." International Journal of Literacy, Culture, and Language Education 2 (January 1, 2013): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/ijlcle.v2i0.26896.
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In this study, to be able to understand the role of the children’s interactions with each other and the role of online and offline communities on children’s play and digital literacy practices, we examined a group of children’s collaborative play within the Club Penguin virtual world while they were engaging in an after‐school setting. We had eight participants (one girl and seven boys) between 5‐8 years old. During our study, the participants worked independently, but sat side by side in the computer room as they controlled their penguin avatars in the virtual world. To answer the central research questions, we used several kinds of data collection methods. We performed participant observations, took fieldnotes, and videotaped all 6 one‐hour‐long sessions during our study. Since we focus particularly on the interactions among children and their effects on play and literacy practices, we employed Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) concept as our theoretical framework. Also, to be able to analyze the influence of children’s online and offline communities on their play and digital literacy practices, we used the second‐generation activity theory.
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Tamelo, Tindo Blandine. "Silent students: reluctance to classroom interaction, poor familiarity with other learning resources and reliance on the teacher to learn." Journal of Tertiary and Industrial Sciences (JTIS) 4, no. 1 (2024): 64–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10799122.
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<strong>Abstract</strong> This work seeks to understand how silent students learn, since their academic performance is satisfactory despite the fact that they hardly participate in classroom interactions. The researcher conducted the research on nineteen silent students of level 300 of the Higher Technical Teachers Training College of Kumba, selected using the purposive sampling technique. The descriptive survey research design was used, with qualitative technique in gathering data. The respondents were studied by collecting and analysing data obtained from the interviews, observations, and documentary review. These investigations on the field reveal that silent students mainly rely on the teacher to learn, by memorizing his notes and by grasping everything that he says in his explanation in class, because they hardly learn through other learning resources. They do not create tension, so they memorize the teachers’ knowledge and hardly elaborate their own judgement and reasoning. As these students are trained to become teachers, the researcher believes that this situation needs to be given a serious consideration. <u>Key words</u>: silent students – classroom interactions – ZPD – mediation - learner autonomy – learning resources
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Wąsowicz, Krzysztof. "Assessment of the efficiency of municipal companies based on local collective transport." Zarządzanie Publiczne, no. 2(44)/2018 (2018): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15678/zp.2018.44.2.04.
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Górecka, Anna. "POJĘCIE BAZY DANYCH NA GRUNCIE USTAWY O PRAWIE AUTORSKIM I PRAWACH POKREWNYCH ORAZ USTAWY O OCHRONIE BAZ DANYCH." Zeszyty Prawnicze 2, no. 1 (2017): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2012.2.1.04.
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CONCEPT OF A DATABASE IN BASIS OF COPYRIGHT AND NEIGHBOURING RIGHTS ACT AND DATABASE PROTECTIONSummary Collecting and processing of different kinds of data is commonly practiced nowadays. The novelty under the polish law is an introduction of the legal protection of such data bases. This protection is provided in two particular regulations: the act on copyrights and neighbouring rights of 4th February 1994 and the act on the protection of the database of 27thJuly 2001.The database is defined as any kind of collections, lists of information, materials or any other elements systemized according to specified criterion. Its essence consists in collecting and confronting given data using the settled method but not in the materials collected in such kind of evidence. Any database consists of various information thus it is treated as a collection of materials. That is of no importance if the collected elements are subject to the legal protection therefore it seems that such collection may contain any data not only these protected under the copyrights and it does not matter if they are protected under the law or no or if they are confidential or easy available.Each of the regulations mentioned above provides the different system of protection. The act on copyrights regards the external aspects of a collection (the creativity must consist in a selection, systématisation or confrontation of the information) and protects only the creative elements of the collection. Thus with regard to databases (constituting protected good within the meaning of the copyrights law) it must be noticed that they will be protected only within the scope of their creativity that could be however expressed in many aspects.The other regulation gives the possibility of protecting the contents of the database (the internal aspect of the database). Applicability of one of these regulations excludes applicability of the other as the article 1 of the law on the protection of the database states that the object of the legal protection under this law is a database which does not constitute protected good within the meaning of the law on copyrights. However such database has to comply with the requirement of a substantial investment. Such substantial investment has to be undertaken in order to prepare, verify or present the contents and it may consist in the quality as well as the quantity of the investment while the method of the collection of the data is unrestricted. Thus there is no possibility of the cumulative protection of the database. However it was constituted the new and genuine right allowing collection of the data and its subsequent processing as a whole or in part, according to both the quality as well as the quantity. Such right is of the exclusive and transferable nature.
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De Luca, Laura, Serena Vittorio, Samuel Peña-Díaz та ін. "Ligand-Based Discovery of a Small Molecule as Inhibitor of α-Synuclein Amyloid Formation". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, № 23 (2022): 14844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314844.
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α-Synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates are implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD), so inhibitors of α-Syn aggregation have been intensively explored. It has been demonstrated that small molecules might be able to reduce α-Syn aggregation in fibrils, thus exerting neuroprotective effects in models of PD. To expand our knowledge about the structural requirements for blocking the recognition process into the oligomeric assembly of α-Syn aggregates, we performed a ligand-based virtual screening procedure using two well-known α-Syn aggregation inhibitors, SynuClean-D and ZPD-2, as query compounds. A collection of thirty-four compounds bearing distinct chemical functionalities and mutual chemical features were studied in a Th-T fluorescence test, thus identifying 5-(2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)-1-methyl-1H-tetrazole (named MeSC-04) as a potent α-Syn amyloid formation inhibitor that demonstrated similar behavior when compared to SynuClean-D in the thioflavin-T-monitored kinetic assays, with both molecules reducing the number and size of amyloid fibrils, as evidenced by electron microscopy. Molecular modeling studies suggested the binding mode of MeSC-04 through the identification of putative druggable pockets on α-syn fibrils and a subsequent consensus docking methodology. Overall, this work could furnish new insights in the development of α-Syn amyloid inhibitors from synthetic sources.
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Andari, Ida Ayu Made Yuni, Putu Aditya Antara, and Nice Maylani Asril. "Habituasi One Teacher One Language Dalam Pembelajaran Multibahasa Pada Taman Kanak-Kanak." Kumarottama: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini 4, no. 1 (2024): 1–24. https://doi.org/10.53977/kumarottama.v4i1.1921.
Full textAbstract:
The research aims to examine the habituation of multilingual learning with the “One Teacher One Language” method in the kindergarten of Sekolah Nasional 3 Bahasa Budi Luhur. This type of research is qualitative research with a case study approach, data collection methods are classroom observation, interviews and documentation. The subject of this research is a kindergarten at the national Sekolah Nasional 3 Bahasa Budi Luhur. This research procedure is the description or orientation stage, the reduction stage and the selection stage. The instruments of this research are research grids, observation guidelines, interview guidelines, field notes, and checklists. The data analysis of this research is data reduction, data model, conclusion drawing/verification. The results of the analysis show that the theories of interlanguage, constructivism, and second language learning provide a strong foundation for the One Teacher One Language strategy. Constraints in implementation, such as time sharing and variations in teacher skills, require attention to theoretical principles, such as the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and the use of scaffolding. However, the integration of language in the learning process, diverse learning strategies, direct interaction between teachers and students, and cultural activities demonstrate a comprehensive effort in creating a dynamic and inclusive learning environment.