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Academic literature on the topic 'College ethics. [from old catalog]'
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Journal articles on the topic "College ethics. [from old catalog]"
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Swarthout, Todd D., Ana Ibarz-Pavon, Gift Kawalazira, George Sinjani, James Chirombo, Andrea Gori, Peter Chalusa, et al. "A pragmatic health centre-based evaluation comparing the effectiveness of a PCV13 schedule change from 3+0 to 2+1 in a high pneumococcal carriage and disease burden setting in Malawi: a study protocol." BMJ Open 11, no. 6 (June 2021): e050312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050312.
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IntroductionStreptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is commonly carried as a commensal bacterium in the nasopharynx but can cause life-threatening disease. Transmission occurs by human respiratory droplets and interruption of this process provides herd immunity. A 2017 WHO Consultation on Optimisation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) Impact highlighted a substantial research gap in investigating why the impact of PCV vaccines in low-income countries has been lower than expected. Malawi introduced the 13-valent PCV (PCV13) into the national Expanded Programme of Immunisations in 2011, using a 3+0 (3 primary +0 booster doses) schedule. With evidence of greater impact of a 2+1 (2 primary +1 booster dose) schedule in other settings, including South Africa, Malawi’s National Immunisations Technical Advisory Group is seeking evidence of adequate superiority of a 2+1 schedule to inform vaccine policy.MethodsA pragmatic health centre-based evaluation comparing impact of a PCV13 schedule change from 3+0 to 2+1 in Blantyre district, Malawi. Twenty government health centres will be randomly selected, with ten implementing a 2+1 and 10 to continue with the 3+0 schedule. Health centres implementing 3+0 will serve as the direct comparator in evaluating 2+1 providing superior direct and indirect protection against pneumococcal carriage. Pneumococcal carriage surveys will evaluate carriage prevalence among children 15–24 months, randomised at household level, and schoolgoers 5–10 years of age, randomly selected from school registers. Carriage surveys will be conducted 18 and 33 months following 2+1 implementation.AnalysisThe primary endpoint is powered to detect an effect size of 50% reduction in vaccine serotype (VT) carriage among vaccinated children 15–24 months old, expecting a 14% and 7% VT carriage prevalence in the 3+0 and 2+1 arms, respectively.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Malawi College of Medicine Research Ethics Committee (COMREC; Ref: P05.19.2680), the University College London Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 8603.002) and the University of Liverpool Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 5439). The results from this study will be actively disseminated through manuscript publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberNCT04078997.
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Da Silva, Raquel Faria, and Leila Rangel Da Silva. "Conhecimento, atitudes e crenças de mulheres ribeirinhas frente à concepção e contracepção." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 3, no. 4 (September 19, 2009): 972. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.581-3802-1-rv.0304200923.
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Objective: to describe the knowledge and attitudes of the riverside women from Vila Nova Maringá, Amazonas, regards to conception and contraception. Methods: this is about an exploratory and descriptive study, from qualitative boarding, in the Vila Nova Maringá riverside community, in Maués city, Amazonas, from July to August 2008. Participated of these study 15 riverside women above eighteen old years. Data were collected through interviews with semi-structured script. After transcribing the data, was chosen the content analysis (thematic analysis), giving support to the qualitative research of the interviewees’ speech. The study has been approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research of the São Francisco de Assis College of the University Federal of Rio de Janeiro (54/2008). Results: still the women suggested ideal age to be a mother is between eighteen and twenty years old, the majority experienced the pregnancy in the adolescence, with family conflicts. Concerning to conception and contraception the women majority know and act influenced by the simply popular knowledge. Conclusion: to take care of these women is necessary associate the popular knowledge to scientific knowledge, enabling the women to exercise the justice to sexuality exercise released of the procreation. Descriptors: nursing, culture, reproduction, women health.
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Felipe Saraiva Souto, Eric, Maria Aparecida Yamauti Pereira, Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima Martins, Danilo Cangussu Mendes, Jairo Evangelista Nascimento, and Silvério de Almeida Souza Torres. "Prevalência de lesões cervicais não cariosas em acadêmicos de odontologia." Bionorte 9, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47822/2526-6349.2020v9np59.
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Objective:to evaluate the prevalence of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) in Dentistry students froma private college in Northern Minas Gerais. Materials and Methods:a questionnaire on nutritional habits and oral hygiene was applied, followed by a clinical evaluation of those who had NCCLs with previously calibrated evaluators. The sample consisted of348 students, from the 4th to the 9th semesters;175 students answered the questionnaire and 17 presented NCCLs. The present work was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under number2.000.236. Results:there was no significant difference regarding the sex of the interviewees, with a higher concentration of NCCLsinthe students of the 9th semester, approximately72.73% of the total number of individuals evaluated. There was a higher concentration of injuries in individuals between 18 and 25 years old, approximately81.82% of the total sample. Conclusion:the studyreinforces that NCCLs are multifactorial. Hence, both diet and parafunctional habits can influence the involvement/worsening of injuries,which are present among studentswho are the object of this study.
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Schade, Alexander Thomas, Nohakhelha Nyamulani, Leonard Ngoe Banza, Andrew John Metcalfe, Andrew Leather, Jason J. Madan, David G. Lallloo, Williams James Harrison, and Peter MacPherson. "Protocol for a prospective cohort study of open tibia fractures in Malawi with a nested implementation of open fracture guidelines." Wellcome Open Research 6 (September 13, 2021): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17145.1.
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Background: Road traffic injury (RTI) is the largest cause of death amongst 15–39-year-old people worldwide, and the burden of injuries such as open tibia fractures are rapidly increasing in Malawi. This study aims to investigate disability and economic outcomes of people with open tibia fractures in Malawi and improve these with locally delivered implementation of open fracture guidelines. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study describing function, quality of life and economic burden of open tibia fractures in Malawi. In total, 160 participants will be recruited across six centres and will be followed-up with face-to-face interviews at six weeks, three months, six months and one year following injury. The primary outcome will be function at one year measured by the short musculoskeletal functional assessment (SMFA) score. Secondary outcomes will include quality of life measured by EuroQol EQ-5D-3L, catastrophic loss of income and implementation outcomes (acceptability, adoption, appropriateness, costs, feasibility, fidelity, penetration, and sustainability) at one year. A nested pilot pre-post implementation study of an interventional bundle for all open fractures will be developed based on other implementation studies from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Regression analysis will be used to model and investigate associations between SMFA score and fracture severity, infection and the pre- and post-training course period. Outcome: This prospective cohort study will report patient reported outcomes from open tibia fractures in low-resource settings. Subsequent detailed evaluation of both the clinical and implementation components of the study will promote sustainability of improved open fractures management in the study sites and further scale-up of open fracture management guidelines. Ethics: Ethics approval has been obtained from the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and College of Medicine Research and Ethics committee.
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Snyder, Cynthia A. "An Open Letter to Physicians Who Have Patients with Chronic Nonmalignant Pain." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 22, no. 3 (1994): 204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1994.tb01296.x.
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“It was the best of times. It was the worst of times.” Charles Dickens easily could have been describing our time and the dilemma in which victims of nonmalignant chronic pain find themselves.I am a forty-six-year-old registered nurse who specializes in oncology care and education. I am also a patient who suffers from chronic nonmalignant pain, and this malady has been the most frightening, the most humiliating, and the most difficult ordeal of my life.The morning of February 1983 severed my life into “before” and “after,” as clearly as if it has been cut by a sharp knife. The “before” included my career as an oncology nurse, a college nursing professor, and a writer; but that was abruptly ended by the catastrophic rupture of a deep cerebral aneurysm. Surgery saved my life, but something unforeseen occurred during the procedure; and so, in the “after,” I have had to live with a serious seizure disorder and memory loss.
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Sundararajan, S., N. S. Ostojic, D. I. Rushton, P. M. Cox, and P. Acland. "Diaphragmatic Pathology: A cause of clinically unexplained death in the perinatal/paediatric age group." Medicine, Science and the Law 45, no. 2 (April 2005): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmmsl.45.2.110.
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Sudden unexpected death in infancy and childhood requires a `full' post-mortem investigation. Guidance from the Royal College of Pathologists recommends sampling of all the major organs. However, the diaphragm does not feature in this or in most lists of routine histology. Our aim is to emphasize the importance of sampling the diaphragm for histological examination during autopsy. We describe three autopsy cases of clinically unexplained death in the perinatal and paediatric age group that showed significant pathology of the diaphragm. In Case 1, a previously healthy five-year-old girl collapsed suddenly and died four days later. In Case 2, an eight-month-old infant had repeated episodes of respiratory arrest that culminated in death. Autopsy demonstrated a predominantly diaphragmatic myositis. In Case 3 a female neonate had a respiratory arrest three days after birth and died less than a month later. Autopsy showed multiple large calcified necrotic fibres in the diaphragm. The diaphragm is seldom sampled at autopsy. In the first two cases a predominantly diaphragmatic myositis was either the direct or underlying cause of death. In the third case long-standing diaphragmatic pathology of uncertain cause may have contributed to the original respiratory arrest. Had the diaphragm not been examined histologically, the cause of death would have remained unascertained in these cases. In cases of sudden death in infancy and childhood, failure to reach a diagnosis may lead to undue suspicion falling upon the child's carers. This underscores the need for full histology at post-mortem in child deaths, including diaphragmatic sampling.
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Ellerton, Kirrily, Harishan Tharmarajah, Rimma Medres, Lona Brown, David Ringelblum, Kateena Vogel, Amanda Dolphin, et al. "The VRIMM study: Virtual Reality for IMMunisation pain in young children—protocol for a randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 10, no. 8 (August 2020): e038354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038354.
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IntroductionPain caused by routine immunisations is distressing to children, their parents and those administering injections. If poorly managed, it can lead to anxiety about future medical procedures, needle phobia and avoidance of future vaccinations and other medical treatment. Several strategies, such as distraction, are used to manage the distress associated with routine immunisations. Virtual reality (VR), a technology which transports users into an immersive ‘virtual world’, has been used to manage pain and distress in various settings such as burns dressing changes and dental treatments. In this study, we aim to compare the effectiveness of VR to standard care in a general practice setting as a distraction technique to reduce pain and distress in 4-year-old children receiving routine immunisations.Methods and analysisThe study is a randomised controlled clinical trial comparing VR with standard care in 100 children receiving routine 4-year-old vaccination. Children attending a single general practice in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia will be allocated using blocked randomisation to either VR or standard care. Children in the intervention group will receive VR intervention prior to vaccination in addition to standard care; the control group will receive standard care. The primary outcome is the difference in the child’s self-rated pain scores between the VR intervention and control groups measured using The Faces Pain Scale-Revised. Secondary outcomes include another measure of self-rated pain (the Poker Chip Tool), parent/guardian and healthcare provider ratings of pain (standard 100 mm visual analogue scales) and adverse effects.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been obtained in Australia from the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners National Research and Evaluation Ethics Committee (NREEC 18-010). Recruitment commenced in July 2019. We plan to submit study findings for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presentation at relevant conferences.Trial registration numberACTRN12618001363279.
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Uplap, Pallavi A., and Vaidehi Malvi. "Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding no scalpel vasectomy in married men attending urban and rural health facilities in Maharashtra, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 2 (January 28, 2020): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200431.
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Background: India will soon surpass China as the world’s most populous nation by 2022. Though India was the first to launch family planning in 1952, population stabilization remains a distant dream. No scalpel vasectomy (NSV) is a modified and sophisticated technique of vasectomy which can be performed in low resource settings. However, acceptance of NSV is declining in India including Maharashtra. Hence a study was conducted to evaluate factors affecting acceptance of NSV amongst married men visiting urban and rural health facilities of Maharashtra.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted amongst randomly selected 50 married males of 21 years old and above each in conveniently selected urban and rural health centre under a medical college. After obtaining written informed consent from the participants, data was collected from November to December 2018 with the help of semi structured questionnaire. Socio-demographic information, knowledge, attitude and practices were entered and analyzed in Epi Info 7. Study was approved by the institutional ethics committee.Results: Majority (60%) of men attending the urban health care setup knew about NSV compared to those attending rural set up (34%). More number of participants from rural area (62%) were of opinion that NSV affects sexual performance as compared to urban area (44%). Willingness to recommend NSV to others was 62% and 32% in urban and rural men respectively. None of the participants (0%) underwent NSV.Conclusions: There is a huge gap between knowledge, attitude and practices regarding NSV in the study participants. It shows a need to revise strategies for its promotion.
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A, Umamaheswari, Bhuvaneswari K, and Ramalingam S. "STEROID-INDUCED ANAPHYLAXIS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 8 (August 1, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i8.18885.
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To report a severe adverse drug reaction (ADR) due to administration of injection hydrocortisone sodium succinate and to explore the possibility of an association between injection hydrocortisone and the severe ADR. After getting ethics approval from the institution, ADR form and patient’s clinical record from the Department of Cardiology, in a Private Medical College was received. In that, it was recorded as a 75-year-old male patient, a case of unstable angina with troponin T - positive, was posted for coronary angiogram developed a severe reaction to intravenous (IV) hydrocortisone 100 mg stat, given to prevent allergy to contrast dye used in the procedure. 5 minutes after drug administration, he developed sudden itching all over the body, hypotension blood pressure: 60 mmHg and swelling of lips. No other drugs had been given at that time. The patient was already on aspirin 150 mg, clopidogrel 75 mg, and atorvastatin 80 mg, and enoxaparin 40 mg. The procedure was abandoned, and the patient was given injection pheniramine maleate 45.5 mg IV, injection dopamine 10 mcg/kg/min IV. He symptomatically improved within 6 hrs. Causality analysis using the WHO scale categorizes it as probable, as anaphylaxis occurred immediately after administration of hydrocortisone, no other drugs were given at that time, and rechallenge was not done. Very few cases of various steroid-induced anaphylaxis have been reported worldwide. This one among the rare ADR report may be due to the steroid or the excipients in the preparation. Skin prick test or in vitro (radioallergosorbent test assay) test can be done immediately to confirm the causative allergen in this case and would also help in identifying specific agents that will be tolerated in the future treatment.
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Noailly, Julie, Laïly Sadozaï, Marie-Françoise Hurtaud-Roux, Jérome Naudin, Ronan Bonnefoy, Caroline Farnoux, Thérésa Kwon, Olivier Bourdon, and Sonia Prot-Labarthe. "P45 Enoxaparin and tinzaparin in pediatrics: impact of prescription recommendations on prescription quality and anti-Xa levels." Archives of Disease in Childhood 105, no. 9 (August 19, 2020): e30.1-e30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-nppg.54.
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AimsEnoxaparin and tinzaparin, two low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH), are used in paediatrics with multiples advantages such as facility of administration, reduced frequency of side effects, reduced drug interaction. However, their use is at higher risk of error in prescription, dosage, dilution or administration.1 The monitoring of efficacy is based on the dosage of anti-Xa level with a target between 0.5 and 1 IU/mL (0.4 to 1.2 IU/mL tolerated in our hospital).2,3,4 This dosage is performed on a routine basis in patients with curative treatment. A protocol was written by a multidisciplinary team (nephrologist, neonatologist, haematologist, cardiologist, paediatrician and pharmacist) in order to standardize the prescriptions of LMWH within the hospital for patients aged between 0 and 18. The aim of this study consists in the analysis of prescriptions of enoxaparin and tinzaparin and the anti-Xa levels before/after the dissemination of the protocol during the summer of 2017.MethodsThis is a retrospective observational study in our mother-child teaching hospital in France. Any patient hospitalized in 2016 and 2018 and who received a prescription for enoxaparin or tinzaparin was included in the study. Exclusion criteria were: patients hospitalized in obstetrics and gynaecology and patients over 18 years old. Prescribing throughout the hospital is computerized and involves PCS® software (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). Data collected concerned the patient (age, weight, first anti-Xa level, unit), the drug prescribed (dosage expressed in IU, first dosage expressed in IU/kg depending on the patient’s age and/or weight, the frequency of administration and the dilution when necessary and if it is conform to the protocol). This study has been approved by our ethics review board in March 2019.ResultsIn 2016 2,246 prescriptions for 630 patients were analyzed (601 patients had only enoxaparin, 7 only tinzaparin and 22 had a switch between the two heparins). In 2018 we studied 2,061 prescriptions for 629 patients (591 patients had only enoxaparin, 10 only tinzaparin and 28 had a switch). The conformity was improved concerning the first dose expressed in IU/kg (34.8% then 52.1% for enoxaparin and 69.2% then 80.0% for tinzaparin), the dosage and frequency (28.7% then 43.8% for enoxaparin and 69.2% then 80.0% for tinzaparin), the dilution specified (66.7% then 73.1%) and the dilution conform to protocol (29.4% then 66.4%). However, we observed a slight decrease in the conformity concerning the unit in IU/administration (84.5% then 80.2%) with dose expressed in mL, mg or ‘referred to protocol’. The rate of conform first anti-Xa levels (between 0.4 and 1.2 IU/mL) improved from 26.6% among 158 dosages in 2016 to 44.1% among 118 dosages in 2018.ConclusionsThe overall results show an improvement in the prescription of enoxaparin and tinzaparin and in the anti-Xa levels since the dissemination of the protocol for prescribing physicians. This whole protocol will be presented in the poster and may be used by other hospitals.ReferencesFanikos J, Stapinski C, Koo S, et al. Medication errors associated with anticoagulant therapy in the hospital. Am J Cardiol 2004;94:532–535.Monagle P, Chan AKC, Goldenberg NA, et al. Antithrombotic therapy in neonates and children: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines, Chest. 2012;141:e737S-e801S.Andrade-Campos MM, Montes-Limón AE, Fernandez-Mosteirin N, et al. Dosing and monitoring of enoxaparin therapy in children: experience in a tertiary care hospital. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. Int J Haemost Thromb 2013:24:194–8.Ahuja TM, Mousavi L, Klejmont, et al. Enoxaparin dosing and antiXa monitoring in specialty populations: a case series of renal-impaired, extremes of body weight, pregnant, and pediatric patients. J Formul Manag 2018;43:609–614.
Books on the topic "College ethics. [from old catalog]"
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Schurman, Jacob Gould. The ethical import of Darwinism. London: Williams and Norgate, 1986.
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Day in court, or, The subtle arts of great advocates. Littleton, Colo: F.B. Rothman, 1986.
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Schurman, Jacob Gould. The Ethical Import Of Darwinism. Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2007.
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Schurman, Jacob Gould. The Ethical Import Of Darwinism. Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2007.
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Palmer, George Herbert. Ethical And Moral Instruction In Schools. Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2007.
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A discourse in two parts: Delivered July 23, 1812, on the public fast in the chapel of Yale College. New-Haven [Conn.]: Published by Howe and Deforest, sold also by A.T. Goodrich and Co., ... , New-York ; printed by J. Seymour, ... , New-York, 1986.
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La summa de confession llamada defecerunt de Fray Anthonino Arcobispo de Florencia del orden delos predicadores. [Salamanca: Hans Giesser, 1987.
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