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1

Marelli, Stefano Paolo, Michele Polli, Stefano Frattini, Matteo Cortellari, Rita Rizzi, and Paola Crepaldi. "Genotypic and allelic frequencies of MDR1 gene in dogs in Italy." Veterinary Record Open 7, no. 1 (June 2020): e000375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreco-2019-000375.

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BackgroundA mutation in the canine multidrug resistance MDR1 gene (also referred as ABCB1), encoding for the multidrug resistance (MDR) P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transponder, causes a pathological condition known as ‘ivermectin toxicosis’. The causative mutation, known since 2001, has been described to affects sheep herding breeds related to collie lineage. The present study is a retrospective investigation of the presence of MDR1 mutated allele in Italian dog populations in a 5 years’ time lapse. The aim of the research is to offer a deep knowledge in MDR1 allelic and genotypic frequencies in canine breeds and populations raised in Italy.MethodsGenotype data for the 4-bp deletion (c296_299del4) in MDR1 gene from 811 dogs belonging to 32 breeds/populations were collected.ResultsThe mutated allele has been found in 9 out of 31 breeds: Rough Collie, Smooth Collie, Border Collie, Bearded Collie, Shetland Sheepdog, Australian Shepherd, White Swiss Shepherd, Old English Sheepdog, Whippet and also in crossbreed. The breeds with the highest allelic mutation frequency are Smooth and Rough Collies with 75 per cent and 66 per cent of mutant MDR1 allele, respectively.ConclusionsThe results support the usefulness of this genetic analysis to optimise medical care in dogs at risk of multidrug resistance and to create an objective basis in breeding programme definition and in the risk evaluation in different breeds.
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2

Barrios, N., A. Bórquez, M. Gómez, V. Tafra, and P. Sponenberg. "Estudio descriptivo del color de manto y señas del Perro Ovejero Magallánico, Chile." Archivos de Zootecnia 65, no. 249 (March 16, 2016): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/az.v65i249.447.

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El Ovejero Magallánico constituye una raza canina no reconocida oficialmente, localizada en el extremo sur de Chile en la Región de Magallanes y Antártica Chilena. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una primera descripción de la coloración del manto y señas del perro Ovejero Magallánico en una muestra de 74 caninos adultos. Los resultados de este estudio descriptivo preliminar indicaron el predominio del pigmento eumelanina en muestras de pelo de perros Ovejeros Magallánicos de la zona Austral de Chile. Se determinó la presencia de 16 fenotipos de colores de manto, predominando las coloraciones oscuras como gris pizarra, gris pizarra tricolor, azul mirlo y negro. Además, se observaron 3 colores de manto (marrón/arena, negro/marrón y arena azulado tricolor) no descritos para razas Collies. Se determinaron 12 fenotipos de señas en el manto del perro Ovejero Magallánico, observándose 2 patrones de señas (antifaz y orejas) que no se presentan en otras razas Collies. El perro Ovejero Magallánico, presentó algunas similitudes en coloración de manto y señas al ser comparadas con las razas Bearded Collie, Bobtail y Border Collie. Sin embargo, las tonalidades dentro y entre los colores observadas en el manto del Ovejero Magallánico evidencian un aspecto matizado, diferenciándolo de las razas Collie tradicionales.
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3

Sargan, David R. "Collie eye anomaly in the rough collie." Journal of Small Animal Practice 42, no. 4 (April 2001): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2001.tb01806.x.

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4

Frąckowiak, Hieronim, Ewa Kiryk, Szymon Graczyk, and Maciej Zdun. "Preliminary biometric characteristics of Border Collies and their dependence on sport activity." Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego 17, no. 4 (December 27, 2021): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6860.

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<b>Biometric measurements were taken on 40 dogs of both sexes, 20 females and 20 males of Border Collies. Half of the population of each sex, i.e. 10 animals (active dogs), were either currently participating in dog frisbee competitions or had recently finished their sporting careers due to age. The other half (part) of the examined Border Collies, i.e. 10 females and 10 males, were animals that were not active in sports (non-active dogs). Most of the dogs came from Polish kennels but there were also Border Collies from other countries. The following measurements were taken: trunk length, height at withers, chest girth, fore limb (metacarpal) girth, thigh length, shank length, foot length and body weight. The collected results were processed statistically and indexes of trunk length, massiveness, eurysomia and boniness were calculated. It was found that Border Collie are characterized by some biometric traits (indexes) similar to Polish hunting dogs and Polish hounds and some of their indexes are also similar to the domestic breeds of Polish sheepdogs and Polish charts. Conducted biometric analysis showed only few, i.e. concerning height at withers of females and body weight of males statistically significant differences between examined groups of Border Collies. Consequently, there was no positive verification of the research hypothesis, which assumed that the value of traits and biometric indicators of Border Collie is different in jumping dogs in connection with their participation in various disciplines of dog competition. However, it can be assumed that for the needs of the developing sports cynology, there will be a need to select dogs with predispositions for athletic performance, and a useful tool to achieve this goal will be the analysis of biometric traits of dogs. The results of measurements collected in this study and the indices calculated on their basis also extend the biometric database of Border Collie dogs.
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5

Iyengar, Balaji, Gil Tene, Michael Wolf, and Edward Gehringer. "The Collie." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 47, no. 11 (January 8, 2013): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2426642.2259009.

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6

Bernard, N. E., and A. G. Salgado. "Border Collie." Revista Argentina de Radiología 80, no. 1 (January 2016): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rard.2015.10.005.

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7

Dale, DC, E. Rodger, J. Cebon, N. Ramesh, WP Hammond, and KM Zsebo. "Long-term treatment of canine cyclic hematopoiesis with recombinant canine stem cell factor." Blood 85, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v85.1.74.bloodjournal85174.

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Grey collie dogs have cyclic fluctuations in their blood cell counts caused by a regulatory defect of hematopoietic stem cells. To examine the role of stem cell factor (SCF) or its receptor in this disorder, we investigated the stimulatory effects of recombinant canine SCF (rc-SCF) on in vitro marrow cultures, cloned and sequenced the grey collie SCF gene, and treated three grey collies with rc-SCF, either alone or in combination with recombinant canine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rcG-CSF). Colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage formation from grey collie or normal dog marrow showed similar dose-response curves for rc-SCF. Cloning and sequencing the SCF gene for two grey collies showed no evidence of mutations in the coding region of the SCF gene. Treatment with rc-SCF (10 to 100 micrograms/kg/d) did not induce neutrophilia except at the highest dose (100 micrograms/kg/d), but daily rc-SCF abrogated the neutropenic periods in doses of 20 micrograms/kg/d or greater. Combination of rc-G-CSF (0.5 to 1.0 microgram/kg/d) with rc-SCF treatment (20 to 50 micrograms/kg/d) suggested a synergistic effect, ie, the neutrophil levels on combined therapy were higher than the sum of the levels when these two cytokines were given separately. Long-term treatment of these dogs with rc-SCF in doses of 10 to 30 micrograms/kg/d was generally well tolerated, suggesting that SCF may be useful as a therapy for some chronic hypoproliferative disorders of hematopoiesis.
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8

Hammond, WP, ER Rodger, and DC Dale. "Lithium augments GM-CSA generation in canine cyclic hematopoiesis." Blood 69, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v69.1.117.bloodjournal691117.

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Cyclic hematopoiesis in gray collie dogs can be cured by lithium treatment. We examined the mechanism of lithium's effect by developing an assay for the canine equivalent of GM-CSF (called GM-CSA). Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated canine blood mononuclear cells produce GM-CSA in a dose-dependent manner; this GM-CSA stimulates more neutrophil-containing colonies than does endotoxin-treated dog serum. Production of GM-CSA by PHA-stimulated normal dog cells was not altered by lithium. However, cells from gray collies during their neutrophilic period increased their GM-CSA when lithium (2 mEq/L) was added to low doses of PHA, whereas neutropenic gray collie cells did not. These data suggest that lithium could modulate cyclic hematopoiesis by increasing intramedullary GM-CSA at the time when marrow neutrophilic progenitor cells are at their nadir.
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9

Bjerkås, E. "Collie eye anomaly in the rough collie in Norway." Journal of Small Animal Practice 32, no. 2 (February 1991): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00925.x.

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10

Hammond, WP, ER Rodger, and DC Dale. "Lithium augments GM-CSA generation in canine cyclic hematopoiesis." Blood 69, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v69.1.117.117.

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Abstract Cyclic hematopoiesis in gray collie dogs can be cured by lithium treatment. We examined the mechanism of lithium's effect by developing an assay for the canine equivalent of GM-CSF (called GM-CSA). Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated canine blood mononuclear cells produce GM-CSA in a dose-dependent manner; this GM-CSA stimulates more neutrophil-containing colonies than does endotoxin-treated dog serum. Production of GM-CSA by PHA-stimulated normal dog cells was not altered by lithium. However, cells from gray collies during their neutrophilic period increased their GM-CSA when lithium (2 mEq/L) was added to low doses of PHA, whereas neutropenic gray collie cells did not. These data suggest that lithium could modulate cyclic hematopoiesis by increasing intramedullary GM-CSA at the time when marrow neutrophilic progenitor cells are at their nadir.
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11

Avalos, BR, VC Broudy, SK Ceselski, BJ Druker, JD Griffin, and WP Hammond. "Abnormal response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in canine cyclic hematopoiesis is not caused by altered G-CSF receptor expression." Blood 84, no. 3 (August 1, 1994): 789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v84.3.789.789.

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Abstract A decrease in responsiveness to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of cyclic hematopoiesis. Using the canine model of cyclic neutropenia, we examined the response of neutrophil precursors to G-CSF in vitro and G- CSF receptor expression in neutrophils from grey collie dogs to determine whether the abnormal response observed to G-CSF in vivo in this disorder is present at the level of the progenitor cell and is caused by defective G-CSF receptor expression. Bone marrow mononuclear cells from grey collie dogs required sevenfold higher G-CSF concentrations than normal dog cells to achieve half-maximal colony growth [56 pmol/L v 8 pmol/L). Receptor binding assays with 125I- labeled G-CSF and Scatchard analyses of the equilibrium binding data were consistent with expression of a single class of high-affinity receptors for G-CSF on neutrophils from both normal dogs and grey collies with similar receptor numbers (56 to 446 sites/cell v 78 to 199 sites/cell) and binding affinities (28 to 206 pmol/L v 84 to 195 pmol/L). Chemical cross-linking studies identified a G-CSF binding protein of approximately 120 kD on neutrophils from grey collies, similar in size to that on normal dog neutrophils. No abnormal G-CSF receptor mRNA transcripts were detected in neutrophils from grey collie dogs by Northern blot analysis. Treatment of both normal and grey collie neutrophils with G-CSF rapidly induced tyrosine phosphorylation of an 80-kD protein that behaved like canine c-rel. These results demonstrate that the abnormal responsiveness to G-CSF in canine cyclic hematopoiesis is present in neutrophil precursors and is not associated with demonstrable alterations in the number, binding affinity, or overall size of the G-CSF receptor in neutrophils, or with defective tyrosine phosphorylation of p80. These data suggest that cyclic hematopoiesis is caused by a defect in the G-CSF signal transduction pathway at a point distal to G-CSF receptor binding that does not involve the early biochemical events leading to p80 tyrosine phosphorylation.
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12

Avalos, BR, VC Broudy, SK Ceselski, BJ Druker, JD Griffin, and WP Hammond. "Abnormal response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in canine cyclic hematopoiesis is not caused by altered G-CSF receptor expression." Blood 84, no. 3 (August 1, 1994): 789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v84.3.789.bloodjournal843789.

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A decrease in responsiveness to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of cyclic hematopoiesis. Using the canine model of cyclic neutropenia, we examined the response of neutrophil precursors to G-CSF in vitro and G- CSF receptor expression in neutrophils from grey collie dogs to determine whether the abnormal response observed to G-CSF in vivo in this disorder is present at the level of the progenitor cell and is caused by defective G-CSF receptor expression. Bone marrow mononuclear cells from grey collie dogs required sevenfold higher G-CSF concentrations than normal dog cells to achieve half-maximal colony growth [56 pmol/L v 8 pmol/L). Receptor binding assays with 125I- labeled G-CSF and Scatchard analyses of the equilibrium binding data were consistent with expression of a single class of high-affinity receptors for G-CSF on neutrophils from both normal dogs and grey collies with similar receptor numbers (56 to 446 sites/cell v 78 to 199 sites/cell) and binding affinities (28 to 206 pmol/L v 84 to 195 pmol/L). Chemical cross-linking studies identified a G-CSF binding protein of approximately 120 kD on neutrophils from grey collies, similar in size to that on normal dog neutrophils. No abnormal G-CSF receptor mRNA transcripts were detected in neutrophils from grey collie dogs by Northern blot analysis. Treatment of both normal and grey collie neutrophils with G-CSF rapidly induced tyrosine phosphorylation of an 80-kD protein that behaved like canine c-rel. These results demonstrate that the abnormal responsiveness to G-CSF in canine cyclic hematopoiesis is present in neutrophil precursors and is not associated with demonstrable alterations in the number, binding affinity, or overall size of the G-CSF receptor in neutrophils, or with defective tyrosine phosphorylation of p80. These data suggest that cyclic hematopoiesis is caused by a defect in the G-CSF signal transduction pathway at a point distal to G-CSF receptor binding that does not involve the early biochemical events leading to p80 tyrosine phosphorylation.
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13

Dutta, Tulika, Siddhartha Bhattacharyya, Sandip Dey, and Jan Platos. "Border Collie Optimization." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 109177–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2999540.

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14

Alcock, J., E. Birch, and J. Boyd. "Effect of jumping style on the performance of large and medium elite agility dogs." Comparative Exercise Physiology 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/cep150017.

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Dog agility is a rapidly progressing sport worldwide. Consequentially, research and methods to improve technique and performance are becoming highly sought after. Video data were collected of elite agility dogs during a training session, with downstream analysis examining differences in apparent topline angle and jumping speed of large and medium dogs as well as collie breeds and non-collie breeds. The study further examined any correlations between topline angle and jumping speed. Findings suggest that there is a difference between the jump kinematics of large and medium dogs (P=0.001) and between collie breeds and non-collie breeds (P<0.001) with collie breeds jumping faster than non-collie breeds (P=0.013). This information could be used to inform future training regimes and competitive strategies in a breed and size specific way, with the aim to improve long-term health and welfare of canine participants, whilst also ensuring that training and competitive expectations are within biological capabilities.
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15

Derry, Margaret. "White Collies, Beauty or Genetic Defect." Society & Animals 28, no. 5-6 (February 20, 2018): 472–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685306-12341487.

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Abstract This article explores the relationship between standards of beauty and genetic knowledge in regulations for the breeding of nonhuman animals. Collie breeding and views concerning the coat color white, in North America and Britain between 1870 and the present, illustrate how advances in dog coat genetics did little to alter perceptions concerning beauty and/or quality held in the different countries. Today, North American Collie breeders consider white coats to be desirable. Modern British breeders see these coats as unacceptable. Breed standards that support practices have not changed to reflect a better understanding of genetics. An assessment of how attitudes to white Collies arose, and why these views differed between North America and Britain, illustrates how entrenched cultural perceptions concerning beauty/quality can be in the face of information that undermines their validity. The story introduces a larger topic: how can change be introduced in light of the complicated beauty/science axis?
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Boulineau, Theresa Marie, Lydia Andrews-Jones, and William Van Alstine. "Spontaneous Aortic Dissecting Hematoma in Two Dogs." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 17, no. 5 (September 2005): 492–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870501700518.

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This report describes 2 cases of spontaneous aortic dissecting hematoma in young Border Collie and Border Collie crossbred dogs. Histology was performed in one of the cases involving an unusual splitting of the elastin present within the wall of the aorta, consistent with elastin dysplasia as described in Marfan syndrome in humans. The first case involved a young purebred Border Collie that died suddenly and the second case involved a Border Collie crossbred dog that died after a 1-month history of seizures. Gross lesions included pericardial tamponade with dissection of the ascending aorta in the former case and thoracic cavity hemorrhage, mediastinal hematoma, and aortic dissection in the latter. Histologic lesions in the case of the Border Collie crossbred dog included a dissecting hematoma of the ascending aorta with elastin dysplasia and right axillary arterial intimal proliferation.
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17

Holečková, B., J. Bučan, Ľ. Horňáková, J. Halušková, S. Sedláková, and M. Galdíková. "PCR Detection of an Eye Anomaly in a Family of Longhaired Collies." Folia Veterinaria 66, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fv-2022-0040.

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Abstract Inherited eye diseases have been the subject of genetic research for many years. This paper focuses on the optimisation of the DNA test based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA) in dogs. A small family of four longhaired Collies (parents and their daughters) with a confirmed positive clinical ophthalmologic examination of CEA served as the source of affected animals. Both PCR reaction conditions examined were suitable for detecting canine NHEJ1 gene mutation associated with CEA. One carrier was found in a small group of eleven randomly selected control healthy dogs. The PCR test confirmed the previous CEA-positive ophthalmological examination in Collies. The results indicated that all four family members of the examined longhaired Collies had a homozygous intronic deletion of 7799 bases in the canine NHEJ1 gene. The affected female Collies may potentially transmit this CEA-associated mutation to their puppies.
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18

Jacobson, LS, and RM Kirberger. "Canine multiple cartilaginous exostoses: unusual manifestations and a review of the literature." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 32, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-32-1-45.

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Multiple cartilaginous exostoses were diagnosed in a two-year-old Great Dane and a four-month-old border collie. Clinically, the Great Dane showed only mild discomfort, while the border collie exhibited tetraparesis due to cervicothoracic compression. Unusual features in the Great Dane were exostoses that bridged physes, with progression after skeletal maturity. The border collie puppy's exostoses resembled tumoral calcinosis radiographically. Limb exostoses in this puppy often were para-articular, and most were not attached to the underlying bone. These features resembled metachondromatosis in humans. Analysis of previously reported cases of multiple cartilaginous exostoses indicated that the prognosis is guarded to poor.
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19

Dostál, J., P. Horák, A. Hrdlicová, and A. Stratil. "Simplified PCR analysis of a mutation in the NHEJ1 gene causing collie eye anomaly in some dog breeds." Czech Journal of Animal Science 55, No. 8 (August 19, 2010): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/259/2009-cjas.

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Collie eye anomaly (CEA) is an inherited eye disease affecting development of the choroids and sclera segregating in several, mostly herding breeds of dog. Phenotypic development of the disease varies greatly in the affected animals. Genetic control of its clinical variation is unknown so far. Affected dogs share a 7.8 kb deletion in intron 4 of the NHEJ1 gene. We report here population studies of 379 dogs (Australian Shepherd, Border Collie, Rough Collie, Smooth Collie, Shetland Sheep Dog, and Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever) from breeders in the Czech Republic. A simple PCR method using a Piko<sup>TM</sup> Thermal Cycler and unclotted blood samples was employed for the analysis of the NHEJ1 gene. No isolation of DNA from blood samples before PCR was needed. The method is time-saving and gives excellent results. Frequencies of the disease allele in each breed were calculated (0.045, 0.194, 0.797, 0.367, 0.429 and 0.244, respectively). An improvement of genetic health of the breeds on the basis of allele frequencies is discussed.
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20

Palanova, A. "Collie eye anomaly: a review." Veterinární Medicína 60, No. 7 (July 15, 2016): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8381-vetmed.

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21

Ryan, W., and P. Jones. "Ivermectin use in collie dogs." Veterinary Record 125, no. 16 (October 14, 1989): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.125.16.425-b.

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22

Wright, Andrew R., and Donald A. Collie. "Drs Wright and Collie respond." Radiology 202, no. 3 (March 1997): 878–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.202.3.878-b.

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23

Walser-Reinhardt, L., M. Hässig, and B. Spiess. "Collie Eye Anomaly in Switzerland." Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde 151, no. 12 (December 1, 2009): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0036-7281.151.12.597.

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24

Molnár, Ticiána, Zsuzsanna Emri, and Károly Antal. "Kisagyi abiotrophia border collie kutyafajtában." Acta Universitatis de Carolo Eszterházy Nominatae. Sectio Biologiae 48 (2023): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33041/actauniveszterhazybiol.2023.48.31.

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A cerebelláris abiotrófia (CA) különböző kisagyi neurontípusok korai, progresszív degenerációját eredményezi. A border collie fajta népszerűségével a CA előfordulási gyakorisága nő. Gyógymód még nem áll rendelkezésre, az érintett állatoknak általában 6 hónapos koruktól az életminősége drasztikusan romlik, és eutanáziát hajtanak rajtuk végre. Kutatásunkban adatokat gyűjtöttünk border collie egyedekről: származásáról, betegségeiről és azok tüneteiről egy kérdőív segítségével. A kérdőívet tulajdonosok, tenyésztők és állatorvosok is kitöltötték. Hat magyarországi CA-ban szenvedő egyednél kognitív tesztet végeztünk, és összehasonlítottuk eredményeiket hat hasonló korú kontrollállat eredményeivel. A tanulmány célja az, hogy (1) összefoglalja a border collie-kkal készített, a CA tüneteivel és manifesztációjával kapcsolatos felmérés eredményeit, és (2) a CA-ban szenvedő kutyák kognitív károsodását. Kognitív teszteket eddig nem alkalmaztak a CA-val rendelkező border collie-kon. A felmérést 1587-en töltötték ki, és 55 esetet jelentettek. A tünetek hasonlóak voltak, és a 4-5 hetes kölyköknél már felismerhetően jelentkeztek. Mindkét nem érintett volt. A kognitív tesztek a szaglás és a látás károsodását mutatták ki, de a hallási percepciót vagy a figyelmet a CA nem károsította. A CA-kutyáknak több időre volt szükségük a memóriateszteken a feladat elvégzéséhez. A CA-kutyák feltárt kognitív működési zavara segítheti a betegség korai felismerését, új részleteket tár fel a betegség kialakulásáról és lefolyásáról, ezáltal támogatja a további kutatásokat.
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Beckers, E., M. Van Poucke, L. Ronsyn, and L. Peelman. "Frequency estimation of disease-causing mutations in the Belgian population of some dog breeds." Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 85, no. 4 (August 29, 2016): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/vdt.v85i4.16327.

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In light of improving breeding advice, the frequency was estimated for all the disease-causing mutations that were known at the start of the study and that are potentially relevant for a group of dog breeds, which are relatively popular or in which the genetic diversity in Belgium is low to moderately low. In this study, the results for the German shepherd dog, Malinois, Lakenois, Groenendael, Tervuren, Australian shepherd and Border collie are presented. Disorders with a frequency high enough to warrant routine genotyping for breeding programs are (1) multidrug resistance 1 and hereditary cataract for the Australian shepherd, (2) degenerative myelopathy for the German shepherd dog, Malinois and Groenendael and (3) collie eye anomaly for the Border collie. In addition, the hyperuricosuria mutation described in the German shepherd dog was not found in its Belgian population, but was, to the authors’ knowledge discovered for the first time in the Malinois.
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Davies, Alwyn G. "J. Norman Collie, the Inventive Chemist." Science Progress 97, no. 1 (March 2014): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/003685014x13898701846594.

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Bauer, Bianca, Marina L. Leis, and Soraya Sayi. "Primary corneal melanocytoma in a Collie." Veterinary Ophthalmology 18, no. 5 (October 9, 2014): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vop.12223.

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McConkey, S., B. Horney, G. Conboy, S. Burton, and P. Gosselin. "A 12-Year-Old Female Collie." Veterinary Clinical Pathology 26, no. 1 (March 1997): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-165x.1997.tb00696.x.

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29

THOMAS, JB, and N. PRESTON. "Generalised protothecosis in a Collie dog." Australian Veterinary Journal 67, no. 1 (January 1990): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1990.tb07387.x.

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30

Bentley, Ronald. "John Norman Collie: Chemist and Mountaineer." Journal of Chemical Education 76, no. 1 (January 1999): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed076p41.

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Herrera and Suranit. "Idiopathic Horner’s syndrome in collie dogs." Veterinary Ophthalmology 1, no. 1 (September 1998): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-5224.1998.00003.x.

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32

Taylor, R. M., and B. R. H. Farrow. "Ceroid-lipofuscinosis in Border Collie dogs." Acta Neuropathologica 75, no. 6 (1988): 627–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00686209.

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33

Vandenberghe, Hélène, Nicolas Granger, and Emma Roberts. "Calls for Border collie study participants." Veterinary Record 193, no. 7 (October 6, 2023): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vetr.3529.

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34

Wallin-Håkanson, B., N. Wallin-Håkanson, and Å. Hedhammar. "Collie eye anomaly in the rough collie in Sweden: genetic transmission and influence on offspring vitality." Journal of Small Animal Practice 41, no. 6 (June 2000): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2000.tb03935.x.

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35

Shirabe, Guilherme Kenji Suguimoto, and Eduardo Fernandes Bondan. "Principais doenças genéticas em cães da raça Border Collie: uma revisão." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 16 (November 30, 2022): e91111637993. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i16.37993.

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A raça Border Collie apresenta uma alta popularidade no Brasil e possui certa suscetibilidade em expressar doenças genéticas, com distintas manifestações. A presente revisão analisa as principais doenças genéticas em cães da raça Border Collie e que podem afetar ainda outras raças de pastoreio. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de levantamento bibliográfico e possui como objetivo demonstrar especificações de cada doença, comparativo de incidência de casos no Brasil e em outros países, bem como buscar a conscientização de médicos veterinários e tutores sobre a presença e a possível reprodução dessas enfermidades quando não estudadas. Pode-se concluir que a raridade das doenças genéticas na raça Border Collie é relativa e resulta mais do desconhecimento de tutores e médicos veterinários do que propriamente de sua baixa prevalência. O controle deve ser realizado por meio de testes marcadores genéticos e de imagem, além de planejamento no cruzamento de cães para evitar a homozigose.
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36

Okene, I. A., N. Che Mat Ariffin, R. Shaari, and D. A. Budi Pramono. "Megacolon Concurrent with Perineal Hernia in a Male Rough Collie." Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences 17, no. 3 (September 29, 2020): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54058/saheljvs.v17i3.135.

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Perineal hernia occurs frequently in aged collies as a result of weakening of the pelvic diaphragmatic muscle or its total failure, thereby allowing displacement of abdominal contents into the perineum. Surgical management include subtotal colectomy, colotomy, internal obturator muscle transposition and perineal herniorrhaphy. This report highlights a case of perineal hernia associated with megacolon as well as its successful management in a dog. A seven years old, male Rough Collie was presented with a complaint of right perineal swelling that has lasted for a week as well as inappetance and absence of defecation. Physical examination was unremarkable except for 3% dehydration and a firm, large perineal non-reducible swelling. Plain abdominal radiography revealed perineal hernia with megacolon. Serum chemistry showed azotaemia. Emergency surgical intervention involving colotomy, perineal herniorrhaphy with incisional colopexy were conducted. Post-operative care included ceftriaxone injection at 50mg/kg intramuscularly, intravenous fluid infusion, one week fasting, daily wound dressing, Nutriplus® gel supplementation and administration of recovery diet post-fasting. Thus, surgical management using traditional perineal herniorrhaphy, colotomy with colopexy was effective in correcting the perineal hernia with megacolon.
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Chaudieu, Gilles, and Pascale Quignon. "La rétinopathie du border collie, une maladie héréditaire mais un gène difficile à isoler." Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France 175, no. 1 (2022): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bavf.2022.71060.

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Some Border Collies, essentially males on average 4-year-old, exhibit focal or generalized retinal atrophic lesions. A following survey revealed progressive lesions and histopathology examination confirmed retinal degeneration. The hypothesis of a X-linked inheritance is supported by a genetic linkage study highlighting the X chromosome. Whole genome sequencing («short read » ) of several dogs identifies variants segregating as expected. The «long read » would allow the identification of structural variants. Variability in the phenotype might induce difficulties to point out common variants in affected dogs. Thus, a strict selection of the cases has been performed. In addition, the selection of breeding dogs on the basis of the X-linked inheritance by the French Border Collie Kennel Club enabled to decrease the frequency of the affected dogs from 20% (2001) to 7,4% (2019).
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Lima, Anna Karina, and Felipe Rosa Cunha. "Uso do oclacitinib no tratamento de lúpus eritematoso cutâneo vesicular em cão da raça Border Collie – relato de caso." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 15 (November 19, 2022): e332111536033. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i15.36033.

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O lúpus eritematoso cutâneo vesicular (LECV) é uma doença inflamatória autoimune rara, única variante subaguda do lúpus eritematoso cutâneo canino. Acomete cães adultos das raças Collie, Pastor de Shetland, Border Collie e seus mestiços. Em geral, requer tratamentos imunossupressores, os quais ocasionam efeitos colaterais e têm eficácia terapêutica variada. Um cão da raça Border Collie, macho, 3 anos, foi diagnosticado com LECV. Apresentou moderada resposta à associação terapêutica de tetraciclina-niacinamida e, posteriormente, à ciclosporina-cetoconazol. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar o uso do oclacitinib, um inibidor da Janus quinase, no controle das lesões de LECV. O fármaco foi administrado na dose de 0,6 mg/kg/VO a cada 12 horas durante 15 dias e, na sequência, a cada 24 horas por mais 20 dias. Observou-se resolução clínica completa de forma rápida, eficaz e, aparentemente, sem efeitos adversos. Concluiu-se que o oclacitinib pode ser uma alternativa vantajosa no tratamento dessa variante do lúpus eritematoso cutâneo canino. Porém, estudos clínicos adicionais sobre o uso dos inibidores da Janus quinase no controle das doenças autoimunes dermatológicas caninas são necessários.
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39

Crespi, Julian Alejandro, Laura Soledad Barrientos, Analia Arizmendi, Pilar Peral Garcia, and Guillermo Giovambattista. "Detección mediante pirosecuenciación de la mutación nt230 [del4] del gen ABCB1 canino y determinación de su prevalencia en razas de perros pastores en la provincia de Buenos Aires." Analecta Veterinaria 38, no. 1 (June 21, 2018): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/15142590e019.

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El gen ABCB1 codifica para la glicoproteína P (Pgp), una proteína de membrana que transporta múltiples fármacos fuera de la célula. Este gen se expresa principalmente en la barrera hematoencefálica, cumpliendo también importantes funciones en otros órganos. En caninos, se ha informado una deleción de 4 pb en el exón 4, que genera una terminación prematura y una proteína no funcional. Los animales homocigotos para la mutación presentan neurotoxicidad al administrarles drogas como las avermectinas. Esta mutación ha sido comunicada principalmente en collie, border collie y otras razas de perros pastores. El objetivo del trabajo consistió en desarrollar un método de diagnóstico rápido de la mutación nt230 [del4] del gen ABCB1 basado en pirosecuenciación y validarla en una población local. Se analizaron 72 perros mediante pirosecuenciación y secuenciación directa. Los resultados obtenidos con ambas técnicas evidenciaron 100 % de concordancia. El cálculo de la frecuencia génica del alelo nt230 [del4] (q) mostró diferencias entre las razas tipificadas: collie (n=30 y q=0,32), border collie (n=17 y q=0,06), pastor de Shetland (n=12 y q=0) y otras (n=16 y q=0). El valor promedio obtenido de frecuencia génica del alelo nt230 [del4] resultó menor al reportado en otros países. En conclusión, el método desarrollado podría ser utilizado para la detección temprana de la mutación nt230 [del4] causal de la deficiencia de Pgp, siendo una herramienta muy útil para la reproducción controlada y la prevención de la neurotoxicidad en los pacientes frente a tratamientos con avermectinas y otras drogas sustrato de la Pgp.
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40

Lee, Ji-Young, Jeong-Min Lee, Jin-Young Kim, Kun-Ho Song, and Joong-Hyun Song. "Presumptive Border Collie collapse in a dog: serial clinical observation and successful management." Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 63, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14405/kjvr.20230012.

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A 6-month-old female Border Collie presented with a history of collapse after strenuous exercise. The dog was normal between episodes but experienced loss of focus and ataxia after exercise. This is particularly noticeable under hot weather conditions. No remarkable findings were observed in the diagnostic tests. Based on these results, the patient was tentatively diagnosed with Border Collie collapse (BCC). After exercise restriction, the dog had no episode of collapse and remained clinically well with no signs until the follow-up period of 8 months was complete. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of BCC in South Korea.
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41

Soh, Pamela Xing Yi, Mehar Singh Khatkar, and Peter Williamson. "Lymphoma in Border Collies: Genome-Wide Association and Pedigree Analysis." Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 9 (September 19, 2023): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10090581.

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There has been considerable interest in studying cancer in dogs and its potential as a model system for humans. One area of research has been the search for genetic risk variants in canine lymphoma, which is amongst the most common canine cancers. Previous studies have focused on a limited number of breeds, but none have included Border Collies. The aims of this study were to identify relationships between Border Collie lymphoma cases through an extensive pedigree investigation and to utilise relationship information to conduct genome-wide association study (GWAS) analyses to identify risk regions associated with lymphoma. The expanded pedigree analysis included 83,000 Border Collies, with 71 identified lymphoma cases. The analysis identified affected close relatives, and a common ancestor was identified for 54 cases. For the genomic study, a GWAS was designed to incorporate lymphoma cases, putative “carriers”, and controls. A case-control GWAS was also conducted as a comparison. Both analyses showed significant SNPs in regions on chromosomes 18 and 27. Putative top candidate genes from these regions included DLA-79, WNT10B, LMBR1L, KMT2D, and CCNT1.
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42

Dove, Carla J. "In Memoriam: Roxie Collie Laybourne, 1910-2003." Auk 121, no. 4 (October 2004): 1282–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4090495.

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43

Cavalchini, Guidobono, S. P. Marelli, M. G. Strillacci, and M. Polli. "Inbreeding in the Border Collie Italian population." Italian Journal of Animal Science 6, sup1 (January 2007): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.66.

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44

Johnson, Paddy. "Clifford Collie, Rubicon Gallery, Dublin, February 1993." Circa, no. 64 (1993): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25557792.

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45

Humphries, Jane. "Clifford Collie, Rubicon Gallery, Dublin, April 1995." Circa, no. 72 (1995): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25562834.

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46

Bedford, P. G. C. "Collie eye anomaly in the Lancashire heeler." Veterinary Record 143, no. 13 (September 26, 1998): 354–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.143.13.354.

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47

Dove, Carla J., Marcy Heacker, and Bill Adair. "IN MEMORIAM: ROXIE COLLIE LAYBOURNE, 1910–2003." Auk 121, no. 4 (2004): 1282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1642/0004-8038(2004)121[1282:imrcl]2.0.co;2.

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48

Bentley, Ronald, and J. W. Bennett. "Constructing Polyketides: From Collie to Combinatorial Biosynthesis." Annual Review of Microbiology 53, no. 1 (October 1999): 411–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.micro.53.1.411.

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49

Eminaga, S., G. B. Cherubini, and G. D. Shelton. "Centronuclear myopathy in a Border collie dog." Journal of Small Animal Practice 53, no. 10 (August 1, 2012): 608–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2012.01265.x.

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50

FOSTER, S. J., R. CURTIS, and K. C. BARNETT. "Primary lens luxation in the Border Collie." Journal of Small Animal Practice 27, no. 1 (January 1986): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.1986.tb02237.x.

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