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Journal articles on the topic 'Colloid osmotic pressure'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Konstam, Marvin A. "Colloid osmotic pressure." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 42, no. 4 (August 2003): 717–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(03)00764-2.

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2

Tigchelaar, Izaak, Rolf CG Gallandat Huet, Piet W. Boonstra, and Willem van Oeveren. "Comparison of three plasma expanders used as priming fluids in cardiopulmonary bypass patients." Perfusion 13, no. 5 (September 1998): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765919801300503.

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Ten per cent low molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch is a plasma substitute only recently used as priming solution in an extracorporeal circuit, in contrast to human albumin and gelatin. To evaluate the effect of priming solutions on haemodynamics and colloid osmotic pressure, we studied 36 patients elected for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). They were randomly assigned to 2.5% hydroxyethyl starch, 3% gelatin or 4% human albumin priming solution. Total blood loss (perioperative + intensive care unit period) was higher in the gelatin group than in the albumin and hydroxyethyl starch groups. During CPB, the colloid osmotic pressure was best preserved in the gelatin group, although no excessively low colloid osmotic pressures were measured in the other two groups. Due to the extended half-life and the additional postoperative colloid administration, the hydroxyethyl starch group had a higher colloid osmotic pressure in the postoperative phase. We conclude that, next to human albumin, 2.5% hydroxyethyl starch is a safe CPB priming solution additive and is effective as plasma substitute. Its somewhat longer half-life requires adaptation of the routine protocol for transfusion of colloids and blood products.
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3

Gonik, B., D. Cotton, T. Spillman, E. Abouleish, F. Zavisca, Theodore G. Cheek, and Brett B. Gutsche. "Peripartum Colloid Osmotic Pressure Changes." Obstetric Anesthesia Digest 5, no. 3 (September 1985): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132582-198505030-00003.

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4

Gonik, B., D. Cotton, T. Spillman, E. Abouleish, F. Zavisca, Theodore G. Cheek, and Brett B. Gutsche. "Peripartum Colloid Osmotic Pressure Changes." Obstetric Anesthesia Digest 5, no. 3 (1985): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132582-198509000-00003.

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5

Henriksen, J. H. "Colloid Osmotic Pressure in Decompensated Cirrhosis." Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 20, no. 2 (January 1985): 170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365528509089651.

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6

Bjørneboe, Mogens, Claus Brun, and Flemming Raaschou. "Colloid osmotic pressure in Chronic Hepatitis1." Acta Medica Scandinavica 130, S206 (April 24, 2009): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1948.tb12068.x.

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7

HOLLY, FRANK J., and ELSA D. ESQUIVEL. "Colloid Osmotic Pressure of Artificial Tears." Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 1, no. 4 (January 1985): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jop.1985.1.327.

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8

Prior, F. G. R., V. Morecroft, T. Gourlay, and K. M. Taylor. "The Therapeutic Significance of Pulse Reverse Osmosis." International Journal of Artificial Organs 19, no. 8 (August 1996): 487–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139889601900810.

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Pulse reverse osmosis (1) is a new theory of fluid balance and exchange which suggests that the mean blood pressure and osmotic gradient control fluid balance and that the pulse controls fluid exchange. In vitro testing has confirmed some of the physico chemical principles underlying the theory (2). The hypothesis suggests a relationship between mean capillary blood pressure and osmotic gradient. Imbalance in this relationship can be related to the development of hypertension, hypotension, oedema and shock. In an attempt to test this concept mean blood pressures and colloid osmotic pressures were measured and compared in a group of 50 healthy human volunteers. The results suggest a curvilinear correlation between the mean blood pressure and the COP.
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9

Halstead, Anne C., Mackie Susan, and Pendray Margaret. "Measurement of colloid osmotic pressure in newborns." Clinical Biochemistry 20, no. 4 (August 1987): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-9120(87)80024-3.

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10

TøNNESSEN, T., S. TøLLFSRUD, U. E. KONGSGAARD, and H. NODDELAND. "Colloid osmotic pressure of plasma replacement fluids." Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 37, no. 4 (May 1993): 424–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-6576.1993.tb03741.x.

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11

Joles, J. A., N. Willekes-Koolschijn, B. Braam, W. Kortlandt, H. A. Koomans, and E. J. Dorhout Mees. "Colloid osmotic pressure in young analbuminemic rats." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 257, no. 1 (July 1, 1989): F23—F28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1989.257.1.f23.

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Colloid osmotic pressure (COP) was measured in plasma and interstitial fluid (subcutaneous wick) from 8 to 75 days of age in Nagase analbuminemic rats (NAR) and control Sprague-Dawley rats (SDR). In all animals plasma COP (approximately 10 mmHg at 8 days of age) increased during growth. In the female NAR the rise in nonalbumin proteins was so large that at 75 days the plasma COP was not lower than in the SDR; whereas in male NAR a difference of approximately 4 mmHg remained. Interstitial COP increased with aging in the SDR, but not in the NAR. This resulted in equal transcapillary COP gradients in 75-day-old male and female SDR and male NAR (approximately 11–12 mmHg) but a somewhat larger gradient in the female NAR (approximately 14 mmHg). Blood pressure and plasma volume were not low in the NAR. Extracellular fluid volume (as a percentage of body weight) was similar in all groups and decreased with age. Clearances of 51Cr-labeled EDTA and 125I-labeled hippuric acid were decreased in young (45 day) NAR vs. young SDR, but not at 75 days of age. In conclusion, NAR are able to maintain a normal transcapillary COP gradient, and do not display signs of abnormal volume regulation during early development.
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12

Waale, W. H. E., M. Treskes, J. L. P. Duijnhoven, van Puyenbroek, and B. Speelberg. "Colloid osmotic pressure and Apache II score." Intensive Care Medicine 22, S1 (January 1996): S82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01921256.

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13

Kish, Jennifer L., Sheila M. McGuirk, Kristen R. Friedrichs, and Simon F. Peek. "Defining colloid osmotic pressure and the relationship between blood proteins and colloid osmotic pressure in dairy cows and calves." Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 26, no. 5 (September 2016): 675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vec.12517.

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14

Mitchison, T. J. "Colloid osmotic parameterization and measurement of subcellular crowding." Molecular Biology of the Cell 30, no. 2 (January 15, 2019): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e18-09-0549.

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Crowding of the subcellular environment by macromolecules is thought to promote protein aggregation and phase separation. A challenge is how to parameterize the degree of crowding of the cell interior or artificial solutions that is relevant to these reactions. Here I review colloid osmotic pressure as a crowding metric. This pressure is generated by solutions of macromolecules in contact with pores that are permeable to water and ions but not macromolecules. It generates depletion forces that push macromolecules together in crowded solutions and thus promotes aggregation and phase separation. I discuss measurements of colloid osmotic pressure inside cells using the nucleus, the cytoplasmic gel, and fluorescence resonant energy transfer (FRET) biosensors as osmometers, which return a range of values from 1 to 20 kPa. I argue for a low value, 1–2 kPa, in frog eggs and perhaps more generally. This value is close to the linear range on concentration–pressure curves and is thus not crowded from an osmotic perspective. I discuss the implications of a low crowding pressure inside cells for phase separation biology, buffer design, and proteome evolution. I also discuss a pressure–tension model for nuclear shape, where colloid osmotic pressure generated by nuclear protein import inflates the nucleus.
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15

Golster, Martin, Sören Berg, and Björn Lisander. "BLOOD VOLUME AND COLLOID OSMOTIC PRESSURE IN CRYSTALLOID AND COLLOID INFUSION." Critical Care Medicine 23, Supplement (January 1995): A88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199501001-00132.

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16

Moise, Kenneth J., and David B. Cotton. "The Use of Colloid Osmotic Pressure in Pregnancy." Clinics in Perinatology 13, no. 4 (December 1986): 827–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0095-5108(18)30802-9.

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17

Bhatia, Rupinder K., Sidney F. Bottoms, Abdelaziz A. Saleh, Gwendolyn S. Norman, Eberhard F. Mammen, and Robert J. Sokol. "Mechanisms for reduced colloid osmotic pressure in preeclampsia." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 157, no. 1 (July 1987): 106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(87)80356-3.

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18

WIIG, H., E. G. HALLELAND, M. FJAERTOFT, and K. AUKLAND. "Measurement of colloid osmotic pressure in submicrolitre samples." Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 132, no. 4 (April 1988): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.1988.tb08351.x.

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19

Hansen, Anders Tybjaerg. "A NEW DEVICE FOR MEASURING COLLOID OSMOTIC PRESSURE." Acta Medica Scandinavica 142, S266 (April 24, 2009): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1952.tb13397.x.

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20

TORRIJOS, JORGE HUERTA, FRANCISCO ESPINOZA LARRANAGA, MARIA EUGENIA HERNANDEZ ROJAS, ELPIDIO CRUZ MARTINEZ, LAURA MONTIEL CERVANTES, and DANIEL HERNANDEZ LOPEZ. "Correlation between measured and calculated colloid osmotic pressure." Critical Care Medicine 13, no. 6 (June 1985): 504–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-198506000-00014.

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21

Guthe, Hans Jørgen Timm, Marianne Indrebø, Torbjørn Nedrebø, Gunnar Norgård, Helge Wiig, and Ansgar Berg. "Interstitial Fluid Colloid Osmotic Pressure in Healthy Children." PLOS ONE 10, no. 4 (April 8, 2015): e0122779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122779.

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22

Rippe, B., M. Townsley, J. C. Parker, and A. E. Taylor. "Osmotic reflection coefficient for total plasma protein in lung microvessels." Journal of Applied Physiology 58, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1985.58.2.436.

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The osmotic reflection coefficient (sigma) for total plasma proteins was estimated in 11 isolated blood-perfused canine lungs. Sigma's were determined by first measuring the capillary filtration coefficient (Kf,C in ml X min-1 X 100g-1 X cmH2O-1) using increased hydrostatic pressures and time 0 extrapolation of the slope of the weight gain curve. Kf,C averaged 0.19 +/- 0.05 (mean +/- SD) for 14 separate determinations in the 11 lungs. Following a Kf,C determination, the isogravimetric capillary pressure (Pc,i) was determined and averaged 9.9 +/- 0.5 cmH2O for all controls reported in this study. Then the blood colloids in the perfusate were either diluted or concentrated. The lung either gained or lost weight, respectively, and an initial slope of the weight gain curve (delta W/delta t)0 was estimated. The change in plasma protein colloid osmotic pressure (delta IIP) was measured using a membrane osmometer. The measured delta IIP was related to the effective colloid osmotic pressure (delta IIM) by delta IIM = (delta W/delta t)0/Kf,C = sigma delta IIP. Using this relationship, sigma averaged 0.65 +/- 0.06, and the least-squares linear regression equation relating Pc,i and the measured IIP was Pc,i = -3.1 + 0.67 IIP. The mean estimate of sigma (0.65) for total plasma proteins is similar to that reported for dog lung using lymphatic protein flux analyses, although lower than estimates made in skeletal muscle using the present methods (approximately 0.95).
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23

Tokuyama, T., T. Ikeda, and K. Sato. "Effect of plasma colloid osmotic pressure on intraocular pressure during haemodialysis." British Journal of Ophthalmology 82, no. 7 (July 1, 1998): 751–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjo.82.7.751.

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24

Joles, J. A., E. H. J. M. Jansen, C. A. Laan, N. Willekes-Koolschijn, W. Kortlandt, and H. A. Koomans. "Plasma proteins in growing analbuminaemic rats fed on a diet of low-protein content." British Journal of Nutrition 61, no. 3 (May 1989): 485–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19890138.

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1. Analbuminaemic and Sprague-Dawley (control) rats were fed on low- (60 g/kg) protein and control (200 g protein/kg) dietsad lib.from weaning. Males and females were studied separately. Body-weight and plasma protein concentrations were determined at 10 d intervals from 25 to 75 d of age. Electrophoresis of plasma proteins was performed in samples from day 75. Extracellular fluid volume was measured at 10 d intervals from day 45 onwards. Colloid osmotic pressure was measured in plasma and interstitial fluid (wick technique) at the start and end of the trial.2. Body-weight increased much less on the low-protein diet than on the normal diet in both strains and sexes. The growth retardation was slightly more pronounced in the male analbuminaemic rats than in the male Sprague-Dawley controls.3. Plasma protein concentration increased during normal growth in all groups, particularly in the female analbuminaemic rats. This increase was reduced by the 60 g protein/kg diet in all groups, with the exception of the male analbuminaemic rats.4. Differences in plasma colloid osmotic pressure were similar to those seen in plasma protein concentration. Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure was higher in the control rats than in the analbuminaemic ones. The interstitial colloid osmotic pressure increased during growth in the control but not in the analbuminaemic rats. The difference in interstitial colloid osmotic pressure between the strains was maintained during low-protein intake, but at a lower level than during normal protein intake.5. Subtracting interstitial from plasma colloid osmotic pressure, resulted in a rather similar transcapillary oncotic gradient in the various groups at 75 d, both on the control protein diet (11–14 mmHg), and on the lowprotein diet (9–11 mmHg).6. All protein fractions were reduced to a similar extent by the low-protein diet in the control rats, whereas in the analbuminaemic rats protein fractions produced in the liver were more severely depressed.7. Extracellular fluid volume as a percentage of body-weight was similar in all groups, and decreased with increasing age.8. In conclusion, the analbuminaemic rats were able to maintain the transcapillary oncotic gradient on both diets by reducing the interstitial colloid osmotic pressure. Oedema was not observed.9. Despite the absence of albumin, the protein-malnourished analbuminaemic rat is no more susceptible to hypoproteinaemia and oedema than its normal counterpart.
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25

Taylor, AE, and MI Townsley. "Evaluation of the Starling Fluid Flux Equation." Physiology 2, no. 2 (April 1, 1987): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.1987.2.2.48.

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It is commonly thought that fluid is filtered in the arterial and is absorbed in the venous end of the capillary, cuased by the considerable hydrostatic pressure difference between the arterial and the venous end, while the transcapillary colloid osmotic pressure difference remains nearly constant. We now know that extravascular forces, i.e., tissue fluid pressure, tissue colloid osmotic pressure, and lymph flow, are dynamic factors that change to oppose transcapillary fluid movement. Therefore, the filtration-absorption theory will apply only transiently until the tissue forces readjust.
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26

Jacob, Matthias, Dirk Bruegger, Markus Rehm, Ulrich Welsch, Peter Conzen, and Bernhard F. Becker. "Contrasting Effects of Colloid and Crystalloid Resuscitation Fluids on Cardiac Vascular Permeability." Anesthesiology 104, no. 6 (June 1, 2006): 1223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200606000-00018.

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Background Fluid extravasation may lead to myocardial edema and consequent reduction in ventricular function. Albumin is presumed to interact with the endothelial glycocalyx. The authors' objective was to compare the impact of different resuscitation fluids (human albumin, hydroxyethyl starch, saline) on vascular integrity. Methods In an isolated perfused heart model (guinea pig), Krebs-Henseleit buffer was augmented with colloids (one third volume 5% albumin or 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4) or crystalloid (0.9% saline). Perfusion pressure and vascular fluid filtration (epicardial transudate formation) were assessed at different flow rates. After global, stopped-flow ischemia (37 degrees C, 20 min), hearts were reperfused with the same resuscitation fluid additives. In a second series, the authors applied the respective perfusates after enzymatic digestion of the endothelial glycocalyx (heparinase, 10 U over 15 min). Results Both 5% albumin and 6% hydroxyethyl starch decreased fluid extravasation versus saline (68.4 +/- 5.9, 134.8 +/- 20.5, and 436.8 +/- 14.7 microl/min, respectively, at 60 cm H(2)O perfusion pressure; P < 0.05), the corresponding colloid osmotic pressures being 2.95, 5.45, and 0.00 mmHg. Digestion of the endothelial glycocalyx decreased coronary integrity in both colloid groups. After ischemia, a transient increase in vascular leak occurred with Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing hydroxyethyl starch and saline, but not with albumin. The authors observed no difference between intravascular and bulk interstitial colloid concentration in the steady state. Notwithstanding, electron microscopy revealed an intact endothelial glycocalyx and no interstitial edema in the albumin group. Conclusion Ex vivo, albumin more effectively prevented fluid extravasation in the heart than crystalloid or artificial colloid. This effect was partly independent of colloid osmotic pressure and may be attributable to an interaction of albumin with the endothelial glycocalyx.
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27

Pacovsky, J., P. Navratil, R. Hyspler, A. Ticha, P. Fixa, and M. Brodak. "598 THE COLLOID OSMOTIC PRESSURE IN THE LYMPHOCELE PATHOGENESIS." European Urology Supplements 8, no. 4 (March 2009): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-9056(09)60593-5.

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28

Ottewill, R. H., A. Parentich, and R. A. Richardson. "Osmotic pressure measurements on strongly interacting polymer colloid dispersions." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 161, no. 2 (January 2000): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-7757(99)00373-8.

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29

Stewart, Randolph H. "Editorial: The Case for Measuring Plasma Colloid Osmotic Pressure." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 14, no. 5 (September 2000): 473–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2000.tb02260.x.

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30

Kaminski, Mitchell V., and Terri J. Haase. "Albumin and Colloid Osmotic Pressure Implications for Fluid Resuscitation." Critical Care Clinics 8, no. 2 (April 1992): 311–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0704(18)30252-5.

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31

Rozich, John D., and Richard V. Paul. "Acute renal failure precipitated by elevated colloid osmotic pressure." American Journal of Medicine 87, no. 3 (September 1989): 358–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(89)80171-8.

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32

Ali, J., and K. Duke. "Colloid Osmotic Pressure in Pulmonary Edema Clearance with Furosemide." Chest 92, no. 3 (September 1987): 540–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.92.3.540.

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33

HEIR, S., and H. WIIG. "Subcutaneous interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure in dehydrated rats." Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 133, no. 3 (July 1988): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.1988.tb08418.x.

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34

Grundmann, Reinhart. "Postoperative Albumin Infusion Therapy Based on Colloid Osmotic Pressure." Archives of Surgery 120, no. 8 (August 1, 1985): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1985.01390320035006.

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35

Klanderman, Robert B., Joachim J. Bosboom, Herbert Korsten, Thomas Zeiler, Ruben E. A. Musson, Denise P. Veelo, Bart F. Geerts, Robin Bruggen, Dirk Korte, and Alexander P. J. Vlaar. "Colloid osmotic pressure of contemporary and novel transfusion products." Vox Sanguinis 115, no. 8 (May 6, 2020): 664–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vox.12932.

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36

Yoshimoto, A., Y. Matsushima, I. Sakaji, M. Yoshikawa, T. Nitta, M. Okuno, Y. Ishida, M. Kasahara, and T. Suzuki. "Significance of Measurement for Colloid Osmotic Pressure during Hemodialysis." Hemodialysis International 8, no. 1 (January 23, 2004): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1492-7535.2004.0085aa.x.

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37

Joles, J. A., H. A. Koomans, and R. J. Berckmans. "Colloid osmotic pressure of subcutaneous wick fluid in rats." Microvascular Research 35, no. 1 (January 1988): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-2862(88)90057-x.

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38

Van der Kloot, William. "William Maddock Bayliss's therapy for wound shock." Notes and Records of the Royal Society 64, no. 3 (June 2, 2010): 271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2009.0068.

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During World War I, military surgeons discovered that patients die from wound shock because their blood pressure falls catastrophically. William Maddock Bayliss produced experimental shock by bleeding anaesthetized cats, which lowers their blood pressure. He restored pressure by infusing salt solution containing enough gum acacia to generate the colloid osmotic pressure ordinarily contributed by the plasma proteins. Ernest Henry Starling had demonstrated that as plasma flows through the capillaries the colloid osmotic pressure of its proteins retains water. From 1917 to 1919 Bayliss and Starling served on the Special Investigation Committee on Surgical Shock and Allied Conditions of the Medical Research Committee. Both gum-saline and blood transfusions were used successfully on wound-shocked soldiers, but we do not know how many were treated, and the effectiveness of whole blood in comparison with gum-saline was not ascertained. Today the colloid osmotic pressure in transfusion solutions is usually provided by dextran or human albumin. Vast quantities are used, but Bayliss's role in the development of this clever biophysical therapy has been almost forgotten.
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39

Rego, Mario A. F., Andreza Conti-Patara, Haley S. de Carvalho, and Silvia R. G. Cortopassi. "Colloid osmotic pressure during and after surgical interventions in adult and geriatric dogs." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 38, no. 1 (January 2018): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-4847.

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ABSTRACT: The objective this study is to evaluate colloid osmotic pressure (COP) fluctuations in adult and senile dogs during surgical interventions. Thirty-six healthy dogs to surgical interventions, distributed in two groups, A and B, according to their age, and were all subjected to the same anesthetic protocol. Values of albumin, total plasmatic protein and COP were evaluated from samples collected before pre-anesthetic medication, fifteen minutes after pre-anesthetic medication, and shortly after the end of the intervention. Results were tested using t-test to compare among groups and ANOVA for repeated measures followed by Tukey’s test to compare different moments within the same group. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. In both groups, significant decreases were observed in colloid osmotic pressure, as well as albumin and total proteins (p<0.001). Despite slightly lower COP values for the group of adult animals, this difference was not significant as there was a high individual variation within groups. The results therefore indicate no difference in colloid osmotic pressure values or fluctuation patterns among adult and senile dogs (p=0.124). The observed results indicate that colloid osmotic pressure decreases significantly during surgical procedures, due to hypotension caused by the anesthetic drugs and to hemodilution caused by the fluid administration but there is no difference between groups. However, in both adult and senile dogs, these variables recover gradually after the animals awaken, through increased urine production and recovery of vascular tonus, indicating the successful reestablishment of homeostasis.
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40

Will, B. R., and R. A. Brace. "Physiological effects of pH changes on colloid osmotic pressures." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 248, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): H890—H893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1985.248.6.h890.

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Our purpose was to explore the effects of variations in pH, particularly in the physiological range, on the colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of the body's fluids. Theoretically, changing pH would alter the electrical charge density on plasma proteins and the interstitial ground substance, thereby altering plasma and interstitial protein osmotic pressure as well as interstitial fluid pressure. We found that the COP of human plasma, human albumin, bovine albumin, and Wharton's jelly from human umbilical cords increased linearly as pH increased over the range of 6.0–8.0. COP of plasma and the albumins all displayed essentially the same sensitivity to pH. At equal concentrations, hyaluronate in umbilical cords was approximately 16 times more sensitive to pH than was plasma. Dextran 70 displayed no COP dependency on pH. For plasma, the albumins, and hyaluronate the pH dependence of COP on pH also decreased linearly with concentration (C in g/dl). For plasma and the albumins over the physiological range of pH, COP = COPpH 7.4 [1.00 + 0.01C (pH -7.40)] at 37 degrees C. The data suggest that, relative to the normal net transcapillary pressure gradient, physiological variations in pH affect plasma COP as well as interstitial fluid pressure and thus may play a significant role in regulating the body's fluid distribution.
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41

McGinlay, Jean M., and R. B. Payne. "Serum Albumin by Dye-Binding: Bromocresol Green or Bromocresol Purple? The Case for Conservatism." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 25, no. 4 (July 1988): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456328802500417.

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Pooled patient's serum selected to have a wide range of albumin concentrations was analysed for albumin by bromocresol green with both long and short incubation times and also by bromocresol purple. Total protein, colloid osmotic pressure, calcium and magnesium were also measured. There were strong linear correlations between albumin measured by the three methods. Albumin values by bromocresol green with a short incubation time (1·5 min) averaged 5 g/L higher than those by bromocresol purple at all albumin concentrations. Colloid osmotic pressure correlated less strongly with total protein and with albumin by bromocresol purple than with albumin by the two bromocresol green methods. There were no significant differences between the correlation coefficients of calcium or magnesium with total protein and with albumin measured by the three methods. Bromocresol purple has no advantage over bromocresol green with a short incubation time for the clinical purposes for which albumin is measured: to detect abnormality, monitor change, predict colloid osmotic pressure and adjust calcium and magnesium for abnormal protein concentrations.
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42

Na, Young Du, and Ae Ra Kim. "Measurement of Colloid Osmotic Pressure in Pregnancy Induced Hypertensive Patients." Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 34, no. 1 (1998): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4097/kjae.1998.34.1.108.

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43

Pacovsky, J., R. Hyspler, P. Husek, P. Navratil, and M. Brodak. "Colloid Osmotic Pressure Participates on the Post-transplant Lymphocele Pathogenesis." Transplantation Proceedings 50, no. 10 (December 2018): 3422–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.06.043.

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44

Guthe, HJ, M. Indrebø, T. Nedrebø, G. Norgård, HJ Wiig, and A. Berg. "PO-0027 Interstitial Fluid Colloid Osmotic Pressure In Healthy Children." Archives of Disease in Childhood 99, Suppl 2 (October 2014): A259.2—A260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-307384.705.

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45

Miller, Peter L., and Timothy W. Meyer. "Plasma protein concentration and colloid osmotic pressure in nephrotic rats." Kidney International 34, no. 2 (August 1988): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ki.1988.167.

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46

Chan, Daniel L., Lisa M. Freeman, Elizabeth A. Rozanski, and John E. Rush. "Colloid Osmotic Pressure of Parenteral Nutrition Components and Intravenous Fluids." Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 11, no. 4 (December 2001): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-4431.2001.tb00065.x.

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47

Drummond, John C. "Colloid Osmotic Pressure and the Formation of Posttraumatic Cerebral Edema." Anesthesiology 112, no. 5 (May 1, 2010): 1079–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3181d94e53.

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48

Gonik, Bernard, David Cotton, Thomas Spillman, Ezzat Abouleish, and Frank Zavisca. "Peripartum colloid osmotic pressure changes: Effects of controlled fluid management." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 151, no. 6 (March 1985): 812–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(85)90526-5.

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49

Wolfert, A. I., L. A. Laveri, and D. E. Oken. "An alternate method for estimating efferent arteriolar plasma colloid osmotic pressure." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 248, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): F444—F448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1985.248.3.f444.

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The colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of efferent arteriolar plasma in glomerular dynamic studies generally is estimated from the measured protein concentration (CE) while the nephron filtration fraction (SNFF) is derived from CE and the systemic plasma protein concentration (CA) according to the equation SNFF = (1 - CA/CE). Estimates of both SNFF and COPE are quite sensitive to small errors in protein measurement, however, with a putative coefficient of variation of +/- 5% in protein measurement at a typical SNFF of 0.33, for example, providing an uncertainty (i.e., +/- SD) of +/- 14% in the SNFF estimate and +/- 2.4 mmHg in the estimated COPE value. In this study, we evaluated in vitro the precision with which the COP of plasma samples can be estimated after ultrafiltration by coupling direct oncometry of native plasma with isotopically measured filtration fractions derived employing nanoliter and microliter volumes and applying a modification of the equation of Ladegaard-Pedersen (Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 23: 153-158, 1969). The measured and estimated oncotic pressures were then compared. The mean differences between theoretic and measured COP values at filtration fractions of less than 0.1, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-0.3 and greater were: -0.4 +/- 0.8 (SE) (n = 22); 1.8 +/- 1.1; 3.9 +/- 1.0; and 6.0 +/- 1.7%, respectively. It is concluded that the coupling of direct oncometric measurement of arterial plasma colloid osmotic pressure with isotopically determined filtration fractions provides a satisfactory estimate of COPE that is suitable for studies of glomerular dynamics.
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50

Parazynski, S. E., A. R. Hargens, B. Tucker, M. Aratow, J. Styf, and A. Crenshaw. "Transcapillary fluid shifts in tissues of the head and neck during and after simulated microgravity." Journal of Applied Physiology 71, no. 6 (December 1, 1991): 2469–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.6.2469.

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To understand the mechanism, magnitude, and time course of facial puffiness that occurs in microgravity, seven male subjects were tilted 6 degrees head-down for 8 h, and all four Starling transcapillary pressures were directly measured before, during, and after tilt. Head-down tilt (HDT) caused facial edema and a significant elevation of microvascular pressures measured in the lower lip: capillary pressures increased from 27.7 +/- 1.5 mmHg (mean +/- SE) pre-HDT to 33.9 +/- 1.7 mmHg by the end of tilt. Subcutaneous and intramuscular interstitial fluid pressures in the neck also increased as a result of HDT, whereas interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressures remained unchanged. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure dropped significantly by 4 h of HDT (21.5 +/- 1.5 mmHg pre-HDT to 18.2 +/- 1.9 mmHg), suggesting a transition from fluid filtration to absorption in capillary beds between the heart and feet during HDT. After 4 h of seated recovery from HDT, microvascular pressures in the lip (capillary and venule pressures) remained significantly elevated by 5–8 mmHg above baseline values. During HDT, urine output was 126.5 ml/h compared with 46.7 ml/h during the control baseline period. These results suggest that facial edema resulting from HDT is caused primarily by elevated capillary pressures and decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressures. The negativity of interstitial fluid pressures above heart level also has implications for maintenance of tissue fluid balance in upright posture.
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