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Journal articles on the topic 'Colloid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Natarajan, N., and G. Suresh Kumar. "Numerical modelling of colloidal transport in fractured porous media with double layered fracture-skin." Journal of Geo-Engineering Sciences 1, no. 2 (2014): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jgs-130016.

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A numerical model is developed for studying the transport of colloids in a coupled fracture-matrix system with double layer fracture-skin. The governing equations describing colloid transport along the fracture and diffusion into fracture-skin layers as well as rock-matrix, normal to the fracture axis are coupled with each other. The coupled non linear equations are solved numerically with fully implicit finite difference method. Sensitivity analysis is performed to investigate the effect of various colloid properties on the colloid concentration in the multiple porosity fractured system. Coll

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Bagalkot, Nikhil, and G. Kumar. "Colloid Transport in a Single Fracture–Matrix System: Gravity Effects, Influence of Colloid Size and Density." Water 10, no. 11 (2018): 1531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111531.

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A numerical model was developed to investigate the influence of gravitational force on the transport of colloids in a single horizontal fracture–matrix system. Along with major transport phenomena, prominence was given to study the mass flux at the fracture–matrix interface, and colloid penetration within the rock matrix. Results suggest that the gravitational force significantly alters and controls the velocity of colloids in the fracture. Further, it was shown that the colloid density and size play a vital part in determining the extent that gravity may influence the transport of colloids in

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Liao, Yu Bo, Zhao Sheng Lai, Yao Yong Meng, and Ping Li Zhang. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Study of Calf Thymus DNA on Two Different Silver Colloids." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 1072–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.1072.

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Two different silver colloids were produced by the reduction of AgNO3using sodium citrate (SCAg colloid) or hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HHAg colloid) as reductant. A comparative study was made on SERS spectra (λexc=514.5 nm) of the calf thymus DNA on the two silver colloids in solution of 0.06mol/L NaCl, pH7.0. With the SCAg colloid, the bands at 732, 915, 1340, and 1448 cm-1for adenine, and 800, 1180, 1590, 1625 and 1651 cm-1for thymidine are dramatically enhanced. It shows that the DNA molecules can be oriented relatively perpendicularly to the SCAg colloidal surface via the N6H2, N7 of ade

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Ibrahim, Yahaya, and Saratu Abddulfatah. "PAIR INTERACTION OF ACTIVE COLLOIDS IN AN EXTERNAL CHEMICAL GRADIENT." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 6, no. 3 (2022): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2022-0603-999.

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We study the pair interaction of chemically isotropic active colloidal particles in an externally imposed chemical gradient. Colloid particles migrate in response to a gradient of chemical solutes (i.e., via the diffusiophoresis mechanism). The particles motion induces fluid flow and distort locally the background chemical concentration field. Using the methods of images, we calculate the phoretic inter-particle interaction between two symmetric active colloids in the presence of an externally applied gradient. We highlight an interesting colloidal dipole that would arise from tuning the surfa

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Zhou, Xiang, Dongbao Yao, Wenqiang Hua, et al. "Programming colloidal bonding using DNA strand-displacement circuitry." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 11 (2020): 5617–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1917941117.

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As a strategy for regulating entropy, thermal annealing is a commonly adopted approach for controlling dynamic pathways in colloid assembly. By coupling DNA strand-displacement circuits with DNA-functionalized colloid assembly, we developed an enthalpy-mediated strategy for achieving the same goal while working at a constant temperature. Using this tractable approach allows colloidal bonding to be programmed for synchronization with colloid assembly, thereby realizing the optimal programmability of DNA-functionalized colloids. We applied this strategy to conditionally activate colloid assembly

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Kunberger, T., and M. A. Gabr. "Laboratory testing and microanalysis of colloidal mobilization from a glacial till." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 48, no. 7 (2011): 1116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t11-030.

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The effect of the dispersion and piping of clay fines — colloid mobilization — as a means of remediating subsurface contamination was investigated. Prior colloid mobility research has focused on mitigating colloidal movement to reduce contaminant transport or monitoring colloids to determine the extent of mobility and contamination transport. To date, limited work has been performed to evaluate remediation efficiency associated with the removal of clay-sized (colloidal) particles and related sorbed contamination. Laboratory flow-through tests were performed on a glacial till from a radioactive

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Amézaga González, María Fernanda, Jazzely Acosta Bezada, Víctor Gómez Flores, et al. "Effect of Physiological Fluid on the Photothermal Properties of Gold Nanostructured." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 9 (2023): 8339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098339.

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Colloidal gold particles have been extensively studied for their potential in hyperthermia treatment due to their ability to become excited in the presence of an external laser. However, their light-to-heat efficiency is affected by the physiologic environment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the ability of gold sphere, rod, and star-shaped colloids to elevate the temperature of blood plasma and breast cancer-simulated fluid under laser stimulation. Additionally, the dependence of optical properties and colloid stability of gold nanostructures with physiological medium, particle shape, and

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Majumdar, Udayan, Thrisha Alexander, Morris Waskar, and Manoj V. Dagaonkar. "Effect of biofilm on colloid attachment in saturated porous media." Water Science and Technology 70, no. 2 (2014): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.197.

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Biofilm plays an important role in controlling the transport of colloids in a porous media. Biofilms are formed when micro-organisms come in contact with substrates, and are able to attach and grow with availability of nutrients. The microorganisms get embedded in a matrix of the substrate and extracellular polymeric substances which are responsible for the morphology, physico-chemical properties, structure and coherence of the biofilm. In this study, the effect of biofilm and its aging on colloid removal was studied on a glass bead column. Oocysts, polystyrene microspheres and inorganic collo

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Kurosawa, S., and S. Ueta. "Effect of colloids on radionuclide migration for performance assessment of HLW disposal in Japan." Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, no. 12 (2001): 2027–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173122027.

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Colloidal effect is one of the major factors to enhance the migration of radionuclides in groundwater. The experimental and theoretical studies of colloid mobility and colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport for the performance assessment of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) geological disposal is presented in this paper. The major aims of the study are (1) to study the filtration effect on colloids by the engineered barrier system, (2) to study bentonite colloid generation by erosion of the engineered barrier system, and (3) to calculate radionuclide migration with groundwater colloids th

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Schmid, Günter, Andreas Lehnert, Ulrich Kreibig, Zbignew Adamczyk, and Peter Belouschek. "Synthese und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung kontrolliert gewachsener, ligandstabilisierter Goldkolloide sowie theoretische Überlegungen zur Oberflächenbelegung durch Kolloide / Synthesis and Electron Microscopic Investigation of Controlled Grown, Ligand Stabilized Gold Colloids and Theoretical Considerations on the Covering of Surfaces by Colloids." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 45, no. 7 (1990): 989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1990-0713.

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18 nm Gold colloids are used as seeds for a controlled growth of 36 nm colloids which are then stabilized by P(m-C6H4SO3Na)3. These colloids can be isolated as golden leaflets and are readily soluble in water in virtually any concentration. Electron microscopic investigations prove a very small particle size distribution. X-ray powder diffraction and molecular weight determinations support the results of the electron microscopic investigations. The distance between the colloidal particles in two-dimensional layers corresponds to double-layers of phosphane ligands around each colloid, twice 1.2

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Nikishina, Maria B., Evgenia V. Ivanova, Yury M. Atroschenko, et al. "Biological activity of colloidal solutions of silver, obtained by means of sálix cáprea extract." Butlerov Communications 60, no. 10 (2019): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-60-10-54.

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The presented publication is devoted to the study of the biological activity of silver colloids synthesized based on extracts obtained from various parts of the goat willow plant (Sálix cáprea). The ability of colloidal silver solutions of various concentrations to stimulate growth processes in wheat seeds at the germination stage is analyzed. The effect of colloidal solutions on the catalytic effect of amylase was studied. The fungicidal activity of synthesized silver particles was studied. For the study, colloidal silver particles were obtained by the "green synthesis" method. Extracts of go

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Klitzke, Sondra, Friederike Lang, Jason Kirby, Enzo Lombi, and Rebecca Hamon. "Lead, antimony and arsenic in dissolved and colloidal fractions from an amended shooting-range soil as characterised by multi-stage tangential ultrafiltration and centrifugation." Environmental Chemistry 9, no. 5 (2012): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en12010.

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Environmental context The size of soil colloids is – among other characteristics – crucial for the mobility of associated contaminants. We analysed the effect of liming on the size of colloids mobilised from strongly contaminated shooting-range soils using multi-stage tangential ultrafiltration (MTUF) for the size fractionation of dispersed soil colloids. Our results indicate the high analytical potential of MTUF and show that liming induces the aggregation of colloids, thereby decreasing the mobilisation of colloid-bound Sb and As, but increasing colloidal Pb. Abstract The size and compositio

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Wang, Yongsheng, Haiyan Huo, Xueren Qian, and Jing Shen. "Colloids, nanostructures, and supramolecular assemblies for papermaking." BioResources 15, no. 3 (2020): 4646–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.3.4646-4649.

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The dominating role of colloid science in papermaking processes, as exemplified by wet-end chemistry, is now well known. The concept of colloids dates back to about 160 years ago. In certain cases, however, the term “colloids” can have an overlapping meaning with the modern terms “nanomaterials” and “supramolecular assemblies”. The latter terms, and the scientists who have gravitated to those terms, have enriched colloid science, providing new insights into colloidal systems. It is proposed here that reconsidering papermaking in light of these multi-disciplinary sciences has potential to facil

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Leppard, G. G., M. M. West, D. T. Flannigan, J. Carson, and JNA Lott. "A classification scheme for marine organic colloids in the Adriatic Sea: colloid speciation by transmission electron microscopy." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54, no. 10 (1997): 2334–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f97-140.

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Organic colloids from the Adriatic Sea, covering the full colloid size range, were characterized on a per-colloid basis by transmission electron microscopy applied to ultrathin sections of embedded colloids. To detect, assess, and minimize artifacts, a multimethod correlative approach to analysis was used. A colloid classification scheme was developed from the characterizations, with individual colloid species defined in the broad sense established by environmental analytical aquatic chemists. The basic scheme is related to derivative classification schemes in which abundant colloid species ar

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15

Sasamoto, Hiroshi, and Shingo Onda. "Preliminary results for natural groundwater colloids in sedimentary rocks of the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory, Hokkaido, Japan." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 482, no. 1 (2018): 191–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp482.1.

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AbstractColloid concentration is an important parameter in models of colloid-facilitated transport. The purpose of the present study is to characterize colloid concentrations and colloid stability in natural groundwater from the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory (URL) in Hokkaido, Japan. The particle sizes of colloids in groundwaters from the Horonobe URL range from several nanometres to c. 500 nm, with a mode particle size of c. 120 nm. Evaluation of colloid stability by DLVO theory suggests that larger colloids (i.e. >100 nm in diameter) would be more stable than smaller colloids i

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Kalnina, Daina, Kārlis Agris Gross, Artur Medvids, and Pavels Onufrijevs. "Formation of Negatively Charged AgI Colloid Nanoparticles by Condensation." Advanced Materials Research 1117 (July 2015): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1117.159.

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The stability of silver halide colloids is reported to be important for the toxicological outcome. This study shows a well-suited and cheap condensation reaction to obtain negatively charged silver iodide (AgI) nanoparticles without additional stabilization agents. Charged AgI colloids were synthesized from silver nitrate and potassium iodide solutions. An excess of potassium iodide not only imparted a negative charge, but provided a narrow particle size distribution (50 ± 10 nm). The change of optical properties in the colloid was investigated by UV-VIS spectroscopy. A silver iodide exciton a

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Nohé, Boris, Tanja Johannes, Jörg Reutershan, et al. "Synthetic Colloids Attenuate Leukocyte-Endothelial Interactions by Inhibition of Integrin Function." Anesthesiology 103, no. 4 (2005): 759–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200510000-00014.

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Background It has been suspected that synthetic colloids may interfere with leukocyte adhesion by down-regulation of endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Although inhibition of endothelial inflammation might reduce leukocyte-related tissue injury, the same mechanism may be detrimental for host defense during severe infection. Regarding the widespread use of colloids, the authors performed a laboratory investigation to determine the mechanisms by which synthetic colloids interfere with leukocyte-endothelial interactions. Methods Adhesion molecule expression on native and cytokine-activated endo

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Tan, Yan Peng, Xiao Wen Zhang, Jun Wen Lv, Dong Shan Tang, and Qin Su. "Transformation Behaviors of U(VI) on Irons Hydroxide Colloids." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 2563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.2563.

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The presence of the colloid will affect uranium heap leaching. The objective of this study was the examination of the ability of colloid retardation to uranium by irons hydroxide colloids simulated heap leaching process. Batch studies have been carried by observing the effects of pH, contact time, uranium concentration. Iron hydroxide colloids can exist stably at pH 1.5-3.0. The size of the colloid samples is between 20 nm and 1000 nm. The sorption equilibrium was attained at 24 h. The load uranium capacity on iron hydroxide colloids are between 2.43×10-3 and 3.84×10-3 mmol/mol. The colloid mo

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Joshi, Darshana, Dylan Bargteil, Alessio Caciagli, et al. "Kinetic control of the coverage of oil droplets by DNA-functionalized colloids." Science Advances 2, no. 8 (2016): e1600881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600881.

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We report a study of reversible adsorption of DNA-coated colloids on complementary functionalized oil droplets. We show that it is possible to control the surface coverage of oil droplets using colloidal particles by exploiting the fact that, during slow adsorption, compositional arrest takes place well before structural arrest occurs. As a consequence, we can prepare colloid-coated oil droplets with a “frozen” degree of loading but with fully ergodic colloidal dynamics on the droplets. We illustrate the equilibrium nature of the adsorbed colloidal phase by exploring the quasi–two-dimensional

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Loewe, Benjamin, and Tyler N. Shendruk. "Passive Janus particles are self-propelled in active nematics." New Journal of Physics 24, no. 1 (2022): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac3b70.

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Abstract While active systems possess notable potential to form the foundation of new classes of autonomous materials (Zhang et al 2021 Nat. Rev. Mater. 6 437), designing systems that can extract functional work from active surroundings has proven challenging. In this work, we extend these efforts to the realm of designed active liquid crystal/colloidal composites. We propose suspending colloidal particles with Janus anchoring conditions in an active nematic medium. These passive Janus particles become effectively self-propelled once immersed into an active nematic bath. The self-propulsion of

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Pietrowski, Mariusz, Michał Zieliński, and Maria Wojciechowska. "Nanocolloidal Ru/MgF2 Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Chloronitrobenzene and Toluene." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 16, no. 2 (2014): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2014-0031.

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Abstract The use of magnesium fluoride support for ruthenium active phase allowed obtaining new catalysts of high activities in the hydrogenation of toluene and ortho-chloronitrobenzene. Ruthenium colloid catalysts (1 wt.% of Ru) were prepared by impregnation of the support with the earlier produced polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-stabilized ruthenium colloids. The performances of the colloidal catalysts and those obtained by traditional impregnation were tested in the reactions of toluene hydrogenation to methylcyclohexane and selective hydrogenation of ortho-chloronitrobenzene (o-CNB) to ortho-ch

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RAGALLER, MAXIMILIAN J. R., HERMANN THEILEN, and THEA KOCH. "Volume Replacement in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Renal Failure." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 12, suppl 1 (2001): S33—S39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v12suppl_1s33.

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Abstract. Maintenance and restoration of intravascular volume are essential tasks of critical care management to achieve sufficient organ function and to avoid multiple organ failure in critically ill patients. Inadequate intravascular volume followed by impaired renal perfusion is the predominate cause of acute renal failure. Crystalloid solutions are the first choice to correct fluid and electrolyte deficits in these patients. However, in case of major hypovolemia, particularly in situations of increased capillary permeability, colloid solutions are indicated to achieve sufficient tissue per

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Kashyap, Swarnima, Shashank Mishra, and Shantanu K. Behera. "Aqueous Colloidal Stability of Graphene Oxide and Chemically Converted Graphene." Journal of Nanoparticles 2014 (November 13, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/640281.

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Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by modified Hummer’s method, and chemically converted graphene (CCG) was prepared by further reduction of the aqueous GO colloid. The effect of pH on particle size, particle charge, and light absorption of the aqueous colloids of GO and CCG was studied with titration against HCl or NaOH, to find the ideal characteristics for a stable dispersion. The GO colloid was stable in the pH range of 4–11, whereas the CCG colloid gained stability at a relatively narrower pH range of 7–10. Poor stability of the colloids was observed for both GO and CCG colloids at both ext

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Khair, Aditya S. "Diffusiophoresis of colloidal particles in neutral solute gradients at finite Péclet number." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 731 (August 14, 2013): 64–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.364.

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AbstractThe role of neutral solute advection on the diffusiophoretic motion of colloidal particles is quantified. Theoretical analyses of this phenomenon usually assume that the solute concentration evolves solely via diffusion; that is, the Péclet number ($\mathit{Pe}$) for solute transport is identically zero. This leads to the conclusion that the translational diffusiophoretic velocity of a colloid is independent of its size, shape, and orientation with respect to the imposed solute gradient, provided that the colloid has uniform surface properties and that the length scale of interaction b

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Lattuada, Marco, and Kata Dorbic. "Polymer Colloids: Moving beyond Spherical Particles." CHIMIA 76, no. 10 (2022): 841. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2022.841.

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When thinking about colloidal particles, the fist image that comes into mind is that of tiny little polystyrene spheres with a narrow size distribution. While spherical polymer colloids are one of the workhorses of colloid science, scientists have been working on the development of progressively advanced strategies to move beyond particles with spherical shapes, and prepared polymer colloids with more complex morphologies. This short review aims at providing a summary of these developments, focusing primarily on methods applicable to submicron particles, with an eye towards their applications

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Chin˜as-Castillo, F., and H. A. Spikes. "Mechanism of Action of Colloidal Solid Dispersions." Journal of Tribology 125, no. 3 (2003): 552–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1537752.

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In the past there has been considerable interest in the possibility of using liquid lubricants containing dispersed, solid particles in the 1–50 micron size range to reduce friction and wear. These particles are used in greases and some industrial oils. Researchers are now directing their attention to the behavior of much smaller colloidal particles in the range of 5 nm to 200 nm diameter. Such systems are formally known as “colloidal sols” and have been claimed to influence friction and wear. Further reasons for studying such colloidal particles is that they are present in soot-contaminated e

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Ding, Xuhan, Guang Xu, Dengfei Wang, Zhenmin Luo, and Tao Wang. "Effect of Synergistic Aging on Bauxite Residue Dust Reduction Performance via the Application of Colloids, an Orthogonal Design-Based Study." Polymers 13, no. 12 (2021): 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13121986.

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The application of polymer colloids is a promising approach for bauxite residue dust pollution control. However, due to the existence of synergistic aging, the efficiency of colloid dynamic viscosity to predict the dust control performance of bauxite residue is unclear. Previous studies were also rarely performed under synergistic aging conditions. Thus, this paper investigates the relationship between colloids’ viscosity and dust control performance under synergistic aging modes. Results illustrated that the binary colloid achieved better dust control performance than unitary colloid for thei

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Meng, Zhaohui, Sihai Hu, Ran Sun, Chengzhen Meng, Yaoguo Wu, and Xiaofeng Sun. "Co-Transport of Aniline and TNT with Loess Colloid Particles in Saturated Loess Columns: Mechanism and Processes." Water 16, no. 1 (2024): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16010180.

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The transport of mobile colloidal particles with organic pollutants in porous media has attracted considerable attention. Aniline and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), as aromatic compounds and key components of energetic materials, are continuously released into the environment. This study compared the co-transport of loess colloidal particles with aniline and TNT, aiming to investigate the influence of structural and physicochemical properties of the pollutants. The colloids were prepared and characterized, and static adsorption and dynamic column experiments were conducted. The results indicate

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Chang, Chaur-Yang, Kuo-Hsiung Tseng, Jui-Tsun Chang, Meng-Yun Chung, and Zih-Yuan Lin. "A Study of Nano-Tungsten Colloid Preparing by the Electrical Spark Discharge Method." Micromachines 13, no. 11 (2022): 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13112009.

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This study developed an energy-enhanced (ee)-micro-electric discharge machining (EDM) system for preparing nano-tungsten (nano-W) colloids. This system enables spark discharge using tungsten wires immersed in deionized water, to produce nano-W colloids. Compared with the chemical preparation method, the processing environment for preparing colloids in this study prevented nanoparticle escape. Among the nano-W colloids prepared using the ee-micro-EDM system and an industrial EDM system, the colloid prepared by the ee-micro-EDM system exhibited a more favorable absorbance, suspensibility, and pa

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Molkova, Elena A., Vladimir I. Pustovoy, Evgenia V. Stepanova, et al. "pH-Dependent HEWL-AuNPs Interactions: Optical Study." Molecules 29, no. 1 (2023): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29010082.

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Optical methods (spectroscopy, spectrofluorometry, dynamic light scattering, and refractometry) were used to study the change in the state of hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL), protein molecules, and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in aqueous colloids with changes in pH, and the interaction of protein molecules with nanoparticles was also studied. It was shown that changing pH may be the easiest way to control the protein corona on gold nanoparticles. In a colloid of nanoparticles, both in the presence and absence of protein, aggregation–deaggregation, and in a protein colloid, monomerization–dimerizat

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Sepehrnia, Nasrollah, Olga Fishkis, Bernd Huwe, and Jörg Bachmann. "Natural colloid mobilization and leaching in wettable and water repellent soil under saturated condition." Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 66, no. 3 (2018): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/johh-2017-0058.

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AbstractThe coupled transport of pollutants that are adsorbed to colloidal particles has always been a major topic for environmental sciences due to many unfavorable effects on soils and groundwater. This laboratory column study was conducted under saturated moisture conditions to compare the hydrophobic character of the suspended and mobilized colloids in the percolates released from a wettable subsoil and a water repellent topsoil. Both soils with different organic matter content were analyzed for wettability changes before and after leaching using sessile drop contact angles as well as wate

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Gustomi, Mono Pratiko, and Qomariyah. "EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN CAIRAN KRISTALOID DAN KOLOID PADA PASIEN SC (SECTIO CAESAREA) DENGAN REGIONAL ANESTESI TERHADAP MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE." Journals of Ners Community 9, no. 1 (2018): 106–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1404640.

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<em>Hypotension or decreased Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) in pregnant women is the most common post-regional anesthetic problem in sectio cesarea. To reduce the incidence of hypotension can be given intravenous fluids such as crystalloids or colloids. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of crystalloid and colloidal fluid utilization on Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) in patients sectio cesarea with regional anesthesia. </em> <em>This research used pra-experimental (pretest - post test group design) method. Data collected by using questioner and observation sheet, in this study the ind

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Everts, J. C., N. Boon, and R. van Roij. "Density-induced reentrant melting of colloidal Wigner crystals." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 7 (2016): 5211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp07943h.

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By using projections of the colloid–ion mixture to a system of (soft) repulsive spheres and the one-component plasma, we explain the experimentally observed reentrant melting of electrostatically repelling colloids upon increasing the colloid density.

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Niu, Lihua, Rui Chen, Yi Li, et al. "Colloidal Filterable Bacteria Enhance Ammonia Nitrogen Enrichment in River Colloids under Different Turbidity Conditions: Bacterial Diversity, Assembly Mechanism, and Nitrogen Transformation." Water 16, no. 7 (2024): 1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16071024.

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Turbidity has been one of the most typical problems in urban rivers, accompanied by eutrophication. Though the colloid is a nonnegligible factor associated with turbidity and nutrient enrichment in urban rivers, the characteristics of nitrogen enrichment and bacterial communities of colloids under different turbidity conditions of urban rivers have not been well understood. In this study, colloids of low and high molecular weights (LMW, 30 kDa–0.2 μm, and HMW, 0.2–1 μm) were separately collected from the bulk water (<1 μm) of several typical urban rivers in China. Since the colloidal concen

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Keir, Ruth, Daran Sadler, and W. E. Smith. "Preparation of Stable, Reproducible Silver Colloids for Use as Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering Substrates." Applied Spectroscopy 56, no. 5 (2002): 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702021955259.

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A flow system for the production of stable, reproducible batches of silver colloid for use as substrates for surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) is described. The colloids were prepared by borohydride reduction of silver nitrate and subsequent stabilization was achieved by adding trisodium citrate. The batches of colloid produced were analyzed using UV-visible spectroscopy and their suitability for use as SERRS substrates was assessed using 3,5-dimethoxy-4-(5′-azobenzotriazole)phenylamine as the analyte. SERRS analysis was carried out using a flowcell. Using the method descri

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Chikina, Yu, and V. Shikin. "Multicharged Colloids at the Metal/Electrolyte Interface." Электрохимия 59, no. 1 (2023): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0424857023010218.

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The electrostatic properties of multicharged colloids (the so-called DLVO complexes) at the interface of two media with different permittivities are discussed. It is shown that being quasi-neutral in the electrolyte volume, the DLVO colloids turn out to be partly charged near the z = 0 boundary that separates these media. The problem of the interaction of an individual colloid, which has a solid inoculating core R0≫a0, (a0 is the interatomic distance) and the charge Q=Ze≫e (e is elementary charge), with the metal/electrolyte interface is considered in detail. The problem has various applicatio

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Goncharov, Victor, Konstantin Kozadaev, and Dzmitry Shchehrykovich. "Investigation of Noble Metals Colloidal Systems Formed by Laser Synthesis at Air." Advances in Optical Technologies 2012 (July 8, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/907292.

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The present work is dedicated to the development of formation and diagnostics methods of water colloids of noble metals (Au, Au, Pt). As anoble nanoparticles formation method, the laser synthesis at air conditions is proposed. By the implantation of noble nanoparticles into water media, the colloidal systems of noble metals can be obtained. For the aims of investigation of noble colloid parameters, the complex diagnostics method is used. Such approach deals with direct methods (scanning electron microscopy and the characteristic radiation registration) and indirect methods (absorption spectros

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Singh, Gurvinder, Kristen E. Bremmell, Hans J. Griesser, and Peter Kingshott. "Colloid-probe AFM studies of the interaction forces of proteins adsorbed on colloidal crystals." Soft Matter 11, no. 16 (2015): 3188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4sm02669a.

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Guzmán, Eduardo, and Armando Maestro. "Soft Colloidal Particles at Fluid Interfaces." Polymers 14, no. 6 (2022): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14061133.

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The assembly of soft colloidal particles at fluid interfaces is reviewed in the present paper, with emphasis on the particular case of microgels formed by cross-linked polymer networks. The dual polymer/colloid character as well as the stimulus responsiveness of microgel particles pose a challenge in their experimental characterization and theoretical description when adsorbed to fluid interfaces. This has led to a controversial and, in some cases, contradictory picture that cannot be rationalized by considering microgels as simple colloids. Therefore, it is necessary to take into consideratio

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Liu, Iris B., Nima Sharifi-Mood, and Kathleen J. Stebe. "Curvature-driven assembly in soft matter." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2072 (2016): 20150133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0133.

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Control over the spatial arrangement of colloids in soft matter hosts implies control over a wide variety of properties, ranging from the system’s rheology, optics, and catalytic activity. In directed assembly, colloids are typically manipulated using external fields to form well-defined structures at given locations. We have been developing alternative strategies based on fields that arise when a colloid is placed within soft matter to form an inclusion that generates a potential field. Such potential fields allow particles to interact with each other. If the soft matter host is deformed in s

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Sposito, Garrison. "Surface Reactions in Natural Aqueous Colloidal Systems." CHIMIA 43, no. 6 (1989): 169. https://doi.org/10.2533/chimia.1989.169.

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Natural colloids are mixtures of inorganic and organic polymers resulting from weathering processes. These materials include layer-type aluminosilicates, hydrous oxides, and biodegraded organic matter. Regardless of their molecular structure, these polymeric constituents present reactive functional groups of two principal kinds at the colloid/aqueous solution interface: siloxane ditrigonal cavities and inorganic or organic hydroxy groups. The reactive proportion of each kind of functional group at a colloid surface depends on the extent of chemical weathering and the composition of the materia

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Roller, Jörg, Aleena Laganapan, Janne-Mieke Meijer, Matthias Fuchs, and Andreas Zumbusch. "Observation of liquid glass in suspensions of ellipsoidal colloids." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 3 (2021): e2018072118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018072118.

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Despite the omnipresence of colloidal suspensions, little is known about the influence of colloid shape on phase transformations, especially in nonequilibrium. To date, real-space imaging results at high concentrations have been limited to systems composed of spherical colloids. In most natural and technical systems, however, particles are nonspherical, and their structural dynamics are determined by translational and rotational degrees of freedom. Using confocal microscopy of fluorescently labeled core–shell particles, we reveal that suspensions of ellipsoidal colloids form an unexpected stat

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Lozovski, V. Z., A. G. Vasiljev, T. A. Vasyliev, I. S. Petrik, A. M. Eremenko, and N. P. Rybalchenko. "Resonance properties of the solution of quercetin stabilized silver nanoparticles in a nutrient medium." Himia, Fizika ta Tehnologia Poverhni 15, no. 1 (2024): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/hftp15.01.086.

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Changes in the light absorption spectrum when mixing colloids of Ag nanoparticles with a diameter of 7 nm in a quercetin shell with a nutrient medium were studied in the present article. Colloids of silver nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction of AgNO3 silver salt with sodium tetrahydroborate (NaBH4) in an aqueous solution. Quercetin is a flavonoid of plant origin. It was chosen to stabilize nanoparticles due to its capability to form complexes with metals. The quercetin shell is capable to preserve the bactericidal effect of silver NPs on bacteria and weaken their toxic effect on

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Zuo, Rui, Kexue Han, Rongtao Shi, et al. "Effect of Colloidal Silicate on the Migration Behaviour of Strontium in Groundwater Environment of Geological Disposal Candidate Site." Journal of Chemistry 2019 (September 23, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9606121.

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Various colloids are present in the natural groundwater environment, and colloids act on the processes involved when radionuclides leak from a repository in a high-level waste disposal site. This paper investigates the effect of colloidal silicate in natural groundwater environments on the migration behaviour of Sr(II). Three different experimental cases have been designed: (1) effect in the presence of colloidal silicate, (2) effect in the presence of a porous medium, and (3) effect in the presence of both colloidal silicate and porous medium (referred to as CS, PM, and PC, respectively). Bat

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Bouzghaia, Mohamed, Ferhat Souidi, and Zakaria Larbi. "Polydisperse Colloids Two-Moment Diffusion Model Through Irreversible Thermodynamics Considerations." Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics 46, no. 1 (2020): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jnet-2020-0004.

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Abstract This study deals with the problem of diffusion for polydisperse colloids. The resolution of this complex problem usually requires computationally expensive numerical models. By considering the number of colloidal particles and their mass as independent variables, the equations of state for a dilute polydisperse colloid are derived on a statistical mechanics basis. Irreversible thermodynamics is then applied to obtain a simple two-moment diffusion model. The validity of the model is illustrated by comparing its results with those obtained by a classical size spectrum approach, in a sed

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Tournier, Robert F., and Michael I. Ojovan. "Building and Breaking Bonds by Homogenous Nucleation in Glass-Forming Melts Leading to Transitions in Three Liquid States." Materials 14, no. 9 (2021): 2287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092287.

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The thermal history of melts leads to three liquid states above the melting temperatures Tm containing clusters—bound colloids with two opposite values of enthalpy +Δεlg × ΔHm and −Δεlg × ΔHm and zero. All colloid bonds disconnect at Tn+ > Tm and give rise in congruent materials, through a first-order transition at TLL = Tn+, forming a homogeneous liquid, containing tiny superatoms, built by short-range order. In non-congruent materials, (Tn+) and (TLL) are separated, Tn+ being the temperature of a second order and TLL the temperature of a first-order phase transition. (Tn+) and (TLL) are p

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Su, Qin, Xiao Wen Zhang, Mi Li, Yu Zhang, and Shu Fang Li. "Separation and Characteristics of Colloid in Leaching Residual Ores Column of a Hard Uranium Ores." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 1008–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.1008.

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This paper aims to investigate the mass and characteristics of colloid in leaching process to provide useful information for assessing the effects of colloid on leach at vertical and safety assessment of the disposal of (ultra-) low uraniferous radioactive waste. The variation of pH, colloid mass and effects on leach were studied at ambient conditions. The experimental results showed that the formation of colloid was strongly influenced by the pH value, it increased with time from 24 h to 96 h, and mass of colloid showed the opposite trend. The mass of colloid increased by the thick of uranium

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Valverde-Alva, Miguel A., Jhenry F. Agreda-Delgado, Juan A. Vega-González, et al. "Effect of the magnetic field on the synthesis of colloidal silver and gold nanoparticles by laser ablation in bidestilated water." MOMENTO, no. 63 (July 9, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/mo.n63.91515.

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The effect of magnetic field of 0.3 T on the concentration, distribution of sizes in suspension and zeta potential of colloidal gold and colloidal silver nanoparticles, obtained by considering the pulsed laser ablation in double distilled water was studied. The magnetic field was transverse to the direction of incidence of the laser radiation and parallel to the surface of a submerged target. An Nd: YAG laser was used (1064 nm in wavelength, 10 ns in duration, repetition rate of 10 Hz and 37 mJ of energy) to ablate targets. The colloids were characterized by inductively coupled plasma optical

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Yang, Xin Yao, Shi Huai Deng, Fang Min Chen, Raymond Flynn, Frank von der Kammer, and Thilo Hofmann. "Comparing the Influence of Two Different Natural Organic Matter Types on Colloid Deposition in Saturated Porous Medium." Advanced Materials Research 455-456 (January 2012): 1324–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.1324.

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Humic acid and protein are two major organic matter types encountered in natural and polluted environment, respectively. This study employed Triple Pulse Experiments (TPEs) to investigate and compare the influence of Suwannee River Humic Acid (SRHA) (model humic acid) and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) (model protein) on colloid deposition in a column packed with saturated iron oxide-coated quartz sand. Study results suggest that adsorbed SRHA may inhibit colloid deposition by occupying colloid sites on the porous medium. Conversely, BSA may promote colloid deposition by a ‘filter ripening’ mechan

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Yokoyama, Kazushige, Kieran Brown, Peter Shevlin, et al. "Examination of Adsorption Orientation of Amyloidogenic Peptides Over Nano-Gold Colloidal Particle Surfaces." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 21 (2019): 5354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215354.

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The adsorption of amyloidogenic peptides, amyloid beta 1–40 (Aβ1–40), alpha-synuclein (α-syn), and beta 2 microglobulin (β2m), was attempted over the surface of nano-gold colloidal particles, ranging from d = 10 to 100 nm in diameter (d). The spectroscopic inspection between pH 2 and pH 12 successfully extracted the critical pH point (pHo) at which the color change of the amyloidogenic peptide-coated nano-gold colloids occurred due to aggregation of the nano-gold colloids. The change in surface property caused by the degree of peptide coverage was hypothesized to reflect the ΔpHo, which is the

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