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Journal articles on the topic 'Colonial Panama'
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Ward, Christopher. "Historical Writing on Colonial Panama." Hispanic American Historical Review 69, no. 4 (November 1989): 691. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2516097.
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Ward, Christopher. "Historical Writing on Colonial Panama." Hispanic American Historical Review 69, no. 4 (November 1, 1989): 691–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-69.4.691.
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Jamieson, Ross W. "Majolica in the Early Colonial Andes: The Role of Panamanian Wares." Latin American Antiquity 12, no. 1 (March 2001): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/971756.
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As one of the most common artifact categories found on Spanish colonial sites, the wheel-made, tin-glazed pottery known as majolica is an important chronological and social indicator for archaeologists. Initially imported from Europe, several manufacturing centers for majolica were set up in the New World by the late sixteenth century. The study of colonial majolica in the Viceroyalty of Peru, which encompassed much of South America, has received less attention than ceramic production and trade in the colonial Caribbean and Mesoamerica. Prior to 1650 the Viceroyalty of Peru was supplied with majolica largely produced in the city of Panama Vieja, on the Pacific. Panama Vieja majolica has been recovered from throughout the Andes, as far south as Argentina. Majolica made in Panama Vieja provides an important chronological indicator of early colonial archaeological contexts in the region. The reproduction of Iberian-style majolica for use on elite tables was symbolically important to the imposition of Spanish rule, and thus Panamanian majolicas also provide an important indicator of elite status on Andean colonial sites.
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Cubero Hernández, Antonio, and Silvia Arroyo Duarte. "Colonial Architecture in Panama City. Analysis of the Heritage Value of Its Monastic Buildings." Designs 4, no. 4 (December 21, 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs4040057.
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The Historic District of Panama City was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1997 for representing an exceptional example of 17th century colonial urban planning in the Americas. This article focuses on the specific analysis of the deteriorated monastic typology, highlighting its historical role as an articulating piece of the original urban layout designed in 1673 after the transfer from Panamá Viejo to the current location and which continues today. Our methodology consisted of reviewing the different stages of each of these buildings, extracting common events, and identifying the examples of the greatest value loss, with the aim of enhancing and highlighting their historical footprint. This study includes approaches from urbanism, architectural history, and heritage preservation that allows us to discuss possible tools, either for protection or adaptative reuse, to avoid the deterioration of such important historical heritage.
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Angehr, George R., and James A. Kushlan. "Seabird and Colonial Wading Bird Nesting in the Gulf of Panama." Waterbirds 30, no. 3 (September 2007): 335–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1675/1524-4695(2007)030[0335:sacwbn]2.0.co;2.
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Lipski, John M. "Tracing the origins of Panamanian Congo speech." Diachronica 26, no. 3 (November 9, 2009): 380–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.26.3.08lip.
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The Afro-descendents of Panama’s Caribbean coast maintain the tradition of the Negros Congos, a series of folkloric manifestations occurring during Carnival season, and including a special cryptolect based loosely on Spanish. According to oral tradition, Congo speech was devised among captive and maroon Africans in colonial Panama as a means of hiding their speech from their colonial masters. Widely felt — both by Congo participants and by outside observers — to consist only of deliberate deformations of Spanish words and semantic inversions, Congo speech in reality also contains numerous elements traceable to Afro-Hispanic communities in other former Spanish-American colonies. Data drawn from twenty-four Congo communities demonstrate systematic regional variation — phonetic and lexical — that verifies the status of Congo speech as a cryptolect undergoing natural language evolution. These data also contribute to the search for the geographical locus of the original Congo dialect.
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Pike, Ruth. "Black Rebels: The Cimarrons of Sixteenth-Century Panama." Americas 64, no. 2 (October 2007): 243–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2007.0161.
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The strategic location of the Isthmus of Panama within the commercial network of the Spanish Empire and the need to defend it has greatly influenced historical writing on sixteenth-and seventeenth-century Panama. Most studies have emphasized military and economic history and with few exceptions, have shown little interest in other aspects of Panamanian life. An excellent review of the historical literature on colonial Panama can be found in Christopher Ward, Imperial Panama: Commerce and Conflict in Isthmian America, 1550-1800 (Albuquerque, 1993). Despite a continuing emphasis on the usual themes of trade and defense, there is a growing trend to focus on other topics such as population movements and social classes. One of the areas still awaiting further investigation and study is the history of the cimarrons of Panama. The two principal primary sources for the role of the cimarrons are the collections of documents from the Archivo General de Indias in Seville published by Irene Wright and Carol F. Jopling, respectively. Wright's Documents Concerning the English Voyages to the Spanish Main, 1569-1580 (London, 1932) contains the correspondence of Spanish officials on the Isthmus to the king relating to the activities of the English pirates and their alliance with the cimarrons.
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Young, Phoebe S. K. "To Show What Will Be By What Has Been." Boom 5, no. 1 (2015): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/boom.2015.5.1.71.
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San Diego vied with San Francisco to host the 1915 World’s Fair. San Francisco won, but San Diego went ahead and staged the International Panama-California Exposition. Planners of both fairs traded on ideas of empire to raise their cities’ profiles and capitalize on increased commercial opportunities promised by the newly opened Panama Canal, but they took very different approaches. In San Diego, city leaders saw themselves as inheritors of Spain’s colonial empire and as the critical link to a new American empire at the intersection of Latin America and the Pacific. They also saw themselves as the pinnacle of human progress and conquest, distinct from a supposedly primitive nonwhite past and a romantic Spanish interlude. The impact of this view of California history can still be seen and still troubles the state today.
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Kuethe, Allan, and Alfredo Castillero Calvo. "Arquitectura, urbanismo y sociedad: La vivienda colonial en Panama, historia de un sueno." Hispanic American Historical Review 78, no. 2 (May 1998): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2518132.
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Appleby, John C. "Book Review: Henry Morgan's Raid on Panama: Geopolitics and Colonial Ramifications, 1669–1674." International Journal of Maritime History 14, no. 1 (June 2002): 401–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140201400167.
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Putnam, Lara. "Citizenship from the Margins: Vernacular Theories of Rights and the State from the Interwar Caribbean." Journal of British Studies 53, no. 1 (January 2014): 162–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2013.241.
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AbstractThis essay explores debates over political membership and rights within empire from the interwar British Caribbean. Although no formal status of imperial, British, or colonial citizenship existed in this era, British Caribbeans routinely hailed each other as meritorious local “citizens,” demanded political rights due them as “British citizens,” and decried rulers' failure to treat colored colonials equally with other “citizens” of the empire. In the same years, the hundreds of thousands of British West Indians who labored in circum-Caribbean republics like the United States, Panama, Cuba, Venezuela, and Costa Rica experienced firsthand the international consolidation of formal citizenship as a state-issued credential ensuring mobility and abode. This convergence pushed British Caribbeans at home and abroad to question the costs of political disfranchisement and the place of race within empire. The vernacular political philosophy they developed in response importantly complements the influential theories of citizenship and rights developed by European thinkers of the same generation, such as T. H. Marshall and Hannah Arendt.
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Espelt-Bombín, Silvia. "Notaries of Color in Colonial Panama: Limpieza de Sangre,Legislation, and Imperial Practices in the Administration of the Spanish Empire." Americas 71, no. 1 (July 2014): 37–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2014.0082.
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On July 20, 1740, King Philip V of Spain was given paperwork regarding a dispute over the adjudication of a notarial office in Panama City and, as usual, he was expected to make a decision. The king also had in hand recommendations from the Cámara of the Consejo de Indias. The king would have handled the case in a relatively straightforward manner, but for one fact—the two notaries involved in the public bid were of African descent.
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del Moral, Solsiree. "Colonial Citizens of a Modern Empire: War, Illiteracy, and Physical Education in Puerto Rico, 1917-1930." New West Indian Guide 87, no. 1-2 (2013): 30–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-12340003.
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Abstract The year 1917 marked a critical moment in the relationship between the United States and its Puerto Rican colony. It was the year the U.S. Congress approved the Jones Act, which further consolidated the island’s colonial relationship to the empire. Through the Jones Act, U.S. Congressmen granted Puerto Ricans U.S. citizenship. In turn, Puerto Rican men were asked to fulfill the obligations of their new colonial citizenship and join the U.S. military. The Porto Rican Regiment provided 18,000 colonial military recruits to guard the Panama Canal during the war. How did historical actors make sense of this new colonial citizenship? How did they interpret, debate, and adapt to the newly consolidated colonial status? This essay examines how local teachers and educators defined colonial citizenship. Puerto Rican teachers struggled to promote a citizenship-building project that cultivated student commitment to the patria (the island), while acknowledging the colonial relationship to the United States. In the late 1910s and throughout the 1920s, teachers debated military participation in World War I and the rights and obligations of U.S. citizenship. At the core, these debates were informed by anxieties over broader changes in constructions of gender. In the 1920s, Puerto Rico women aggressively and persistently challenged traditional gender norms. Working-class women joined the labor force in ever larger numbers and led labor strikes. Bourgeois women became teachers, nurses, and social workers. Both groups were committed suffragists. The historiography on citizenship and gender in the 1920s has focused on women’s emerging role in public spaces and their demands for just labor rights and the franchise. In this article, I propose we look at teachers, as intermediate actors in the colonial hierarchy, and examine their anxieties over changing gender norms. They debated men’s capacity to serve in the U.S. military and promoted modern physical education for the regeneration of boys and girls in the service of their patria. Debates among teachers in the 1920s sought to define the new category of colonial citizenship. As they did so, they helped liberalize some gender norms, while ultimately reinforcing patriarchy.
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Chang, Tan-Feng. "Creolizing the White Woman's Burden: Mary Seacole Playing "Mother" at the Colonial Crossroads between Panama and Crimea." College Literature 44, no. 4 (2017): 527–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lit.2017.0033.
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Luyt, Brendan, and Karryl Kim Sagun. "The American colonial state on display: the Philippine Library exhibit at the 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition." Library & Information History 37, no. 1 (April 2021): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/lih.2021.0045.
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Redwood, Stewart D. "The history of mining and mineral exploration in Panama: From Pre-Columbian gold mining to modern copper mining." Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 72, no. 3 (November 28, 2020): A180720. http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/bsgm2020v72n3a180720.
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The history of mining and exploration in Panama is a case study of the evolution of mining in a tropical, island arc environment in the New World from prehistoric to modern times over a period of ~1900 years. Panama has a strong mineral endowment of gold (~984 t), and copper (~32 Mt) resulting in a rich mining heritage. The mining history can be divided into five periods. The first was the pre-Columbian period of gold mining from near the start of the Current Era at ~100 CE to 1501, following the introduced of gold metalwork fully fledged from Colombia. Mining of gold took place from placer and vein deposits in the Veraguas, Coclé, Northern Darien and Darien goldfields, together with copper for alloying. Panama was the first country on the mainland of the Americas to be mined by Europeans during the Spanish colonial period from 1501-1821. The pattern of gold rushes, conquest and settlement can be mapped from Spanish records, starting in Northern Darien then moving west to Panama in 1519 and Nata in 1522. From here, expeditions set out throughout Veraguas over the next century to the Veraguas (Concepción), Southern Veraguas, Coclé and Central Veraguas goldfields. Attention returned to Darien in ~1665 and led to the discovery of the Espíritu Santo de Cana gold mine, the most important gold mine to that date in the Americas. The third period was the Republican period following independence from Spain in 1821 to become part of the Gran Colombia alliance, and the formation of the Republic of Panama in 1903. This period up to ~1942 was characterized by mining of gold veins and placers, and manganese mining from 1871. Gold mining ceased during World War Two. The fourth period was the era of porphyry copper discoveries and systematic, regional geochemical exploration programs from 1956 to 1982, carried out mainly by the United Nations and the Panamanian government, as well as private enterprise. This resulted in the discovery of the giant porphyry copper deposits at Cerro Colorado (1957) and Petaquilla (Cobre Panama, 1968), as well as several other porphyry deposits, epithermal gold deposits and bauxite deposits. The exploration techniques for the discovery of copper were stream sediment and soil sampling, followed rapidly by drilling. The only mine developed in this period was marine black sands for iron ore (1971-1972). The fifth and current period is the exploration and development of modern gold and copper mines since 1985 by national and foreign companies, which started in response to the gold price rise. The main discovery methods for gold, which was not analyzed in the stream sediment surveys, were lithogeochemistry of alteration zones and reexamination of old mines. Gold mines were developed at Remance (1990-1998), Santa Rosa (1995-1999 with restart planned in 2020) and Molejon (2009-2014), and the Cobre Panama copper deposit started production in 2019. The level of exploration in the country is still immature and there is high potential for the discovery of new deposits.
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FIELDHOUSE, D. K. "NEW APPROACHES TO THE HISTORY OF IMPERIALISM." Historical Journal 44, no. 2 (June 2001): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x01001911.
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The world and the West: European challenge and the overseas response in the age of empire. By Philip D. Curtin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xiv+294. ISBN 0-521-77135-8. £19.95.The global world of Indian merchants. 1750–1947: traders of Sind from Bukhara to Panama. By Claude Markovits. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xv+327. ISBN 0-521-62285-9. £40.00.New frontiers: imperialism's new communities in East Asia 1842–1953. Edited by Robert Bickers and Christian Henrito. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000. Pp. xii+290. ISBN 0-7190-5604-7. £45.00.Colonial writing and the New World, 1583–1671: allegories of desire. By Thomas Scanlan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. x+242. ISBN 0-521-64305-8. £37.50.
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McInnis, Jarvis C. "A Corporate Plantation Reading Public: Labor, Literacy, and Diaspora in the Global Black South." American Literature 91, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 523–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00029831-7722116.
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Abstract This essay reconstructs the history of the Cotton Farmer, a rare African American newspaper edited and published by black tenant farmers employed by the Delta and Pine Land Company, once the world’s largest corporate cotton plantation located in the Mississippi delta. The Cotton Farmer ran from 1919 to circa 1927 and was mainly confined to the company’s properties. However, in 1926, three copies of the paper circulated to Bocas del Toro, Panama, to a Garveyite and West Indian migrant laborer employed on the infamous United Fruit Company’s vast banana and fruit plantations. Tracing the Cotton Farmer’s hemispheric circulation from the Mississippi delta to Panama, this essay explores the intersections of labor, literacy, and diaspora in the global black south. What do we make of a reading public among black tenant farmers on a corporate cotton plantation in the Mississippi delta at the height of Jim Crow? How did the entanglements of labor and literacy at once challenge and correspond with conventional accounts of sharecropping in the Jim Crow South? Further, in light of the Cotton Farmer’s circulation from Mississippi’s cotton fields to Panama’s banana fields, this essay establishes the corporate plantation as a heuristic for exploring the imperial logics and practices tying the US South to the larger project of colonial domination in the Caribbean and Latin America, and ultimately reexamines black transnationalism and diaspora from the position of corporate plantation laborers as they negotiated ever-evolving modes of domination and social control on corporate plantations in the global black south. In so doing, it establishes black agricultural and corporate plantation laborers as architects of black geographic thought and diasporic practice alongside their urban, cosmopolitan contemporaries.
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IVESON, J. B., S. D. BRADSHAW, R. A. HOW, and D. W. SMITH. "Human migration is important in the international spread of exoticSalmonellaserovars in animal and human populations." Epidemiology and Infection 142, no. 11 (December 16, 2013): 2281–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268813003075.
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SUMMARYThe exposure of indigenous humans and native fauna in Australia and the Wallacea zoogeographical region of Indonesia to exoticSalmonellaserovars commenced during the colonial period and has accelerated with urbanization and international travel. In this study, the distribution and prevalence of exoticSalmonellaserovars are mapped to assess the extent to which introduced infections are invading native wildlife in areas of high natural biodiversity under threat from expanding human activity. The major exoticSalmonellaserovars, Bovismorbificans, Derby, Javiana, Newport, Panama, Saintpaul and Typhimurium, isolated from wildlife on populated coastal islands in southern temperate areas of Western Australia, were mostly absent from reptiles and native mammals in less populated tropical areas of the state. They were also not recorded on the uninhabited Mitchell Plateau or islands of the Bonaparte Archipelago, adjacent to south-eastern Indonesia. Exotic serovars were, however, isolated in wildlife on 14/17 islands sampled in the Wallacea region of Indonesia and several islands off the west coast of Perth. Increases in international tourism, involving islands such as Bali, have resulted in the isolation of a high proportion of exotic serovar infections suggesting that densely populated island resorts in the Asian region are acting as staging posts for the interchange ofSalmonellainfections between tropical and temperate regions.
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GRISCHENKO, ANDREI V., DENNIS P. GORDON, and VIACHESLAV P. MELNIK. "Pandanipora fragilis—a new deep-water cyclostome bryozoan from the subequatorial Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Atlantic Ocean, and a review of Pandanipora worldwide." Zootaxa 4895, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 594–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4895.4.9.
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A new cyclostome bryozoan, Pandanipora fragilis n. sp., is described from 3453 m depth on the subequatorial Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It differs from the type species, P. helix Grischenko, Gordon & Melnik, 2018, by a combination of colonial and zooidal characters. These include regular branching of a uniserial stem along the entire colony length; a straight or just slightly elevated and gently curved distal autozooidal peristomial component, forming a sharp angle with the frontal wall of the next zooid; the pattern of zooidal budding, achieved via development of a partition from the floor of the parent zooid in its distal quarter to third, leaving the proximal portion of daughter zooids not overlapping, so that preceding and subsequent zooids are not appressed along their proximal segments; props are uniformly straight and filiform, with their diameter much smaller than in P. helix; the exceptionally rare presence of slit-like pseudopores, restricted to props; and wedge-shaped crystallites on the internal surface of developing zooids, with irregular, ragged edges. The discovery of P. fragilis suggests that Pandanipora is most likely a relict element of a more-widespread ancient distribution that existed in tropical and boreal zones of both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans prior to formation of the Isthmus of Panama in the Pliocene.
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Sakshi. "The many entanglements of capitalism, colonialism and Indigenous environmental justice." Soundings 78, no. 78 (August 1, 2021): 64–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/soun.78.04.2021.
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Rio Tinto's destruction of Juukan Gorge brought international condemnation. The subsequent interim report commissioned by the Australian Parliament was entitled 'Never Again'. But was this a 'never again' to the logic of settler colonialism? Or to the extractive capitalism that rearranges economic and social life with the sole objective of wealth accumulation? Or to the legislative collaboration between settler colonial states and capitalism? Environmental injustice is sustained internationally through the many entanglements at the intersection of law, coloniality, corporate extractivism and Indigenous sovereignty. These entanglements are explored here in relation to: the idea of a 'trade-off' between Indigenous rights and 'economic benefits' (e.g. the Shenhua coal mine in Australia); the over-riding of local rights through a corporate-driven developmental narrative, which results in the erosion of Indigenous ways of life over a long period, rather than through a singular dramatic event (e.g. oil extraction by Chevron in Ecuador); the difficulties in bringing cases to justice (e.g. the Mount Polley dam collapse in Canada); the need for 'green alternatives' to also respect Indigenous rights; and the potential for greater legal regulation (e.g. the ruling by the Supreme Court of Panama on Indigenous rights; recent legal challenges to the Brazilian government's failure to meet its environmental responsibilities). Social movements and juridical spaces need to adopt a radical shift in their vocabulary and in their world-making practices. Courts play a major role in shaping the way Indigenous environmental justice is understood, and are a vital site of contestation for radical environmental justice movements.
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Mena García, Carmen. "Religión, etnia y sociedad: cofradías de negros en el Panamá colonial." Anuario de Estudios Americanos 57, no. 1 (June 30, 2000): 137–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/aeamer.2000.v57.i1.262.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 61, no. 3-4 (January 1, 1987): 183–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002052.
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-Richard Price, C.G.A. Oldendorp, C.G.A. Oldendorp's history of the Mission of the Evangelical Brethren on the Caribbean Islands of St. Thomas, St. Croix, and St. John. Edited by Johann Jakob Bossard. English edition and translation by Arnold R. Highfield and Vladimir Barac. Ann Arbor MI: Karoma, 1987. xxxv + 737 pp.-Peter J. Wilson, Lawrence E. Fisher, Colonial madness: mental health in the Barbadian social order. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1985. xvi + 215 pp.-George N. Cave, R.B. le Page ,Acts of identity: Creloe-based approaches to language and ethnicity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. x + 275 pp., Andree Tabouret-Keller (eds)-H. Hoetink, Julia G. Crane, Saba silhouettes: life stories from a Caribbean island. Julia G. Crane (ed), New York: Vantage Press, 1987. x + 515 pp.-Sue N. Greene, Anne Walmsley ,Facing the sea: a new anthology from the Caribbean region. London and Kingston: Heinemann, 1986. ix + 151 pp., Nick Caistor, 190 (eds)-Melvin B. Rahming, Mark McWatt, West Indian literature and its social context. Cave Hill, Barbados, Department of English, 1985.-David Barry Gaspar, Rebecca J. Scott, Slave emancipation in Cuba: the transition to free labor, 1860-1899. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1985. xviii + 319 pp.-Mary Butler, Louis A. Perez Jr., Cuba under the Platt agreement, 1902-1934. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1986. xvii + 410 pp.-Ana M. Rodríguez-Ward, Idsa E. Alegria Ortega, La comisión del status de Puerto Rico: su historia y significación. Río Piedras, Puerto Rico: Editorial Universitaria. 1982. ix + 214 pp.-Alain Buffon, Jean Crusol, Changer la Martinique: initiation a l'économie des Antilles. Paris: Editions Caribeennes, 1986. 96 pp.-Klaus de Albuquerque, Bonham C. Richardson, Panama money in Barbados, 1900-1920. Knoxville: University of Tennesse Press, 1985. xiv + 283 pp.-Steven R. Nachman, Marcel Fredericks ,Society and health in Guyana: the sociology of health care in a developing nation. Authors include Janet Fredericks. Durham: Carolina Academic Press, 1986. xv + 173 pp., John Lennon, Paul Mundy (eds)
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Rivera-Sandoval, Javier, and Pedro Paulo Abreu Funari. "Vacas, gallinas, cerdos y moluscos." Vestígios - Revista Latino-Americana de Arqueologia Histórica 15, no. 2 (August 19, 2021): 293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.31239/vtg.v15i2.25880.
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Las particularidades del proceso de conquista y colonia en América generaron nuevas formas de cotidianidad que, sin embargo, mantuvieron muchos de los elementos culturales de lo indígena y lo africano. La alimentación no fue ajena a ello y aunque hubo un interés por reproducir los estilos de vida europeos en el Nuevo Mundo, en realidad se generaron procesos de transculturación que permitieron la confluencia de saberes, tradiciones y productos de diversos orígenes. En este trabajo se expone a través del análisis de la arqueofauna excavada en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Panamá Viejo, como el elevado consumo de fauna foránea (res, cerdo y gallina), contrasta con un consumo también alto en moluscos locales, en el que varios grupos de la población colonial panameña participan en la construcción del modelo alimenticio en el istmo.
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Pushaw, Bart. "Picturing the River’s Racial Ecologies in Colonial Panamá." Arts 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts10020022.
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This article explores the local histories and ecological knowledge embedded within a Spanish print of enslaved, Afro-descendant boatmen charting a wooden vessel up the Chagres River across the Isthmus of Panamá. Produced for a 1748 travelogue by the Spanish scientists Antonio de Ulloa and Jorge Juan, the image reflects a preoccupation with tropical ecologies, where enslaved persons are incidental. Drawing from recent scholarship by Marixa Lasso, Tiffany Lethabo King, Katherine McKittrick, and Kevin Dawson, I argue that the image makes visible how enslaved and free Afro-descendants developed a distinct cosmopolitan culture connected to intimate ecological knowledge of the river. By focusing critical attention away from the print’s Spanish manufacture to the racial ecologies of the Chagres, I aim to restore art historical visibility to eighteenth-century Panamá and Central America, a region routinely excised from studies of colonial Latin American art.
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Shirajom Monira Khondker and Nuzaba Binte Kabir. "Architectural Conservation Proposal of Kashinath Bhaban: A Vivid Example of Colonial Architecture in Bengal." Creative Space 7, no. 2 (January 27, 2020): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/cs.2020.72008.
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During the Colonial period, Bangladesh with a rich cultural heritage and cultural identity is vividly conveyed and navigated as an image of power, pride and creativity. For this research study, the authors carefully chosen a unique ancient building named “Kashinath Bhaban” of Panam Nagar. Panam Nagar is an old settlement as a part of Sonargaon area of Bangladesh. This edifice abides the evidence to the style and design of Colonial architecture in Bengal. It is absolute that the whole Panam city including the building Kashinath Bhaban play an important role to represent our cultural heritage or our glorious past. Therefore an urban conservation of Panam Nagar is needed. This study concentrates on the proposal for the architectural conservation of the building Kashinath Bhaban of Panam which have precious and research worthy documentation or information. The overall research study conducted here is focused on the demonstration of the possible directions of architectural conservation which is based on the building’s plan layout, elevations, sectional details, structure as well as construction materials, decoration and ornamentation. For the architectural conservation of the building, here the authors consider restoration procedure as a conservation technique which will help to represent own belief with historical value and cultural exclusivity to the architecture.
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Orozco Sarabia, Karen Victoria, and Yorleth Santiago Romero. "Informe de las autoridades de las provincias coloniales que formaban el actual territorio de Panamá sobre el poblamiento, rendido con base en real cédula de 24 de abril de 1801." El Taller de la Historia 12, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 502–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32997/2382-4794-vol.12-num.2-2020-3427.
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Pese a que durante tres siglos la historia de Panamá estuvo ligada a la de Colombia, el conocimiento que tenemos los colombianos de la primera es nulo. Más allá de las múltiples razones de corto y largo plazo que explican la separación de Panamá, los vínculos entre el Caribe neogranadino y el Istmo fueron intensos a lo largo del periodo colonial. Y continuaron durante el último tercio del siglo XIX cuando se desarrollaban los trabajos de construcción del canal interoceánico. Por eso sigue siendo un error seguir estudiando el Caribe neogranadino y el del siglo XIX sin incluir a las distintas provincias que formaban a lo que hoy es la actual república de Panamá.
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Rovira, Beatriz E. "Presencia de mayólicas panameñas en el mundo colonial: algunas consideraciones acerca de su distribución y cronología." Latin American Antiquity 12, no. 3 (September 2001): 291–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/971634.
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ResumenEste trabajo aporta información acerca de la cronología y distribución de las mayólicas panameñas, a partir de los datos obtenidos en las excavaciones que se realizan en Panamá La Vieja (1519–1671) y en otros sitios coloniales del continente. Incluye una referencia a los aspectos estilísticos de los tipos definidos, y analiza la incidencia de cada uno de ellos en perspectiva diacrónica. Nuevos datos de localidades con mayólica panameña, permiten circunscribir su distribución a la vertiente pacífica (desde Guatemala hasta Chile), contribuyendo a la verificación de la hipótesis enunciada por Florence y Robert Lister (1974). El trabajo intenta explicar la ausencia significativa de mayólicas producidas en la ciudad de Panamá (costa pacífica del istmo), en las localidades de la costa atlántica, en contraposición a la constante presencia de cerámicas europeas en la ciudad de Panamá (las cuales, durante el auge de la industria local, alcanzaron frecuencias de alrededor del 20%). Tal situación no podría ser entendida tomando únicamente en consideración el alto costo de los fletes transístmicos (los cuales afectaban por igual ambas vías): ante el mismo valor agregado, resultaba socialmente deseable adquirir las mayólicas europeas en la ciudad de Panamá, mas no las panameñas en Portobelo. Resulta clara la existencia de valoraciones sociales diferenciales entre las mayólicas locales versus europeas, modeladoras de preferencias estéticas y hábitos de consumo.
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Escalante, Carmen, and Ricardo Valderrama. "Ayllus Incas, tierras del Sol y agua del Huanacauri en Sucsu Auccaille, San Jerónimo, Cusco." Anthropologica 38, no. 45 (December 23, 2020): 161–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18800/anthropologica.202002.007.
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Tratamos acerca de la transformación del grupo social de Sucsu Auccaille de tener un tipo de organización socio económica y política bajo el Estado Inca, a pasar bajo el dominio español y usar documentación escrita y legislación española para defender su posesión sobre la tierra y mantener su unidad como grupo social, dentro de ello el papel que juegan los descendientes de Incas que fueron Gobernantes. Es una historia de su propiedad de tierras, sus luchas y su continuidad. Nos basamos en diez documentos coloniales, referidos a terrenos de la actual comunidad campesina de Sucsu Auccaille, y en entrevistas a los comuneros, directivos y ex directivos de Sucsu Auccaille, de San Jerónimo. a etnía Inca estaba compuesta de varios ayllus o linajes, dos de ellos eran Sucsu y Auccaille. A inicios de la colonia, éstos dos son reducidos en San Jerónimo[1]. Sucsu la panaca o linaje del Inca Huiracocha, y Auccaille la panaca o linaje del Inca Yahuar Huaccac. Dentro de su territorio se encuentra los lugares sagrados Tuynu, Osccollo, Andamachay, Aqhamana, las tierras del sol y el riachuelo Huanacauriue aún se cuidan, con sigilo y veneración (a la madre tierra y al padre montaña Huanacauri).
[1] Otra parte de Sucsu Auccaille está en San Sebastián.
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Pinto Bernal, José Joaquín. "Fiscalidad e independencia en Panamá, 1780-1845." Tiempo y economía 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2014): 11–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21789/24222704.943.
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El artículo analiza la historia fiscal de Panamá entre 1780 y 1845 a través del estudio de las leyes y series fiscales, interpretadas con base en la situación política y económica de la época. El trabajo está dividido en cuatro secciones: la primera abarca la aplicación de las reformas borbónicas en Panamá; la segunda se ocupa del estudio del fisco durante la crisis del Estado colonial en América; la tercera abarca el período de existencia de la Gran Colombia, y la última concierne a la conformación de la República de la Nueva Granada, hasta 1845. En cada uno de los apartados se hace énfasis en el conflicto presentado entre la élite comercial de Panamá, las autoridades españolas y las bogotanas como producto de la necesidad del comercio libre para la prosperidad económica y estabilidad política en el Istmo.
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Phaf-Rheinberger, Ineke. "Semba y rumba - construyendo ritmos y expectativas en dos novelas africanas." Panambí. Revista de Investigaciones Artísticas, no. 1 (January 5, 2017): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22370/panambi.2015.1.522.
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En este artículo se analiza la función de la música popular en dos novelas africanas: Photo de groupe au borde du fleuve, de Emmanuel Dongala, de Congo; y O reino das casuarinas, del angolano José Luis Mendonça. Los autores retratan la situación postcolonial en sus países respectivos en relación con la música popular del año 1950, de acuerdo con el deseo de cambiar el status político colonial. Utilizan los ritmos del semba y de la rumba para indicar el contraste entre las románticas expectativas originarias y la realidad contemporánea.
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Peterson St-Laurent, Guillaume, Nancy Gélinas, and Catherine Potvin. "Diversity of Perceptions on REDD+ Implementation at the Agriculture Frontier in Panama." International Journal of Forestry Research 2013 (2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/657846.
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Colonist farmers have been largely ignored to date in national consultations on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+). Yet, good practices suggest that understanding all relevant stakeholders’ perspectives, goals, and issues is a precondition for the development of successful environmental policies. The present research documents perceptions of the civil society and the government on the possibility of successfully implementing REDD+ activities with colonist farmers. The focus is on Eastern Panama. The perceptions on REDD+ vary greatly depending on the stakeholders’ origins. The government perceives REDD+ as a possibility for improving laws, increasing control over the national territory, and investing more resources for conservation and public institutions, whereas respondents from colonist backgrounds mostly insist on the potential economic benefits and/or the negative implications that could encompass REDD+. Noncolonist participants from regional, national, and international organizations instead try to balance concerns of communities and conservation objectives. Because one of our results highlighted the difficulty of colonist farmers in speaking as a united voice, we carried out a case study of a successful colonists association in order to identify the characteristics and practices found to facilitate communal organization.
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TISHECHKIN, ALEXEY K., and ALIDA MERCADO CÁRDENAS. "Description of three new species of Nymphistrini (Coleoptera: Histeridae: Haeteriinae) from Central America." Zootaxa 3500, no. 1 (September 28, 2012): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3500.1.2.
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Three new species belonging to the tribe Nymphistrini of the obligate myrmeco- and termitophilous subfamily Haeteriinae (Coleoptera: Histeridae) are described from Central America: Nymphister rettenmeyeri sp. n. (Costa Rica and Panama), Trichoreninus carltoni sp. n. (Belize and Honduras) and T. neo sp. n. (Costa Rica and Panama). Identification keys for the Central American species of both genera are prepared. Available host records for N. rettenmeyeri confirm the symbiosis of the genus with Eciton army ants: the species has been found in colonies of E. burchelli (Westwood), E. hamatum (Fabricius) and E. mexicanum Roger. Host records are not available for the new species of Trichoreninus as all known specimens were collected by flight intercept traps.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 62, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1988): 51–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002046.
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-Brenda Plummer, Carol S. Holzberg, Minorities and power in a black society: the Jewish community of Jamaica. Maryland: The North-South Publishing Company, Inc., 1987. xxx + 259 pp.-Scott Guggenheim, Nina S. de Friedemann ,De sol a sol: genesis, transformacion, y presencia de los negros en Colombia. Bogota: Planeta Columbiana Editorial, 1986. 47 1pp., Jaime Arocha (eds)-Brian L. Moore, Mary Noel Menezes, Scenes from the history of the Portuguese in Guyana. London: Sister M.N. Menezes, RSM, 1986. vii + 175 PP.-Charles Rutheiser, Brian L. Moore, Race, power, and social segmentation in colonial society: Guyana after slavery 1838-1891. New York; Gordon and Breach, 1987. 310 pp.-Thomas Fiehrer, Virginia R. Dominguez, White by definition: social classification in Creole Louisiana. Rutgers, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1986. xviii + 325 pp.-Kenneth Lunn, Brian D. Jacobs, Black politics and urban crisis in Britain. Cambridge, London, New Rochelle, Melbourne and Sydney: Cambridge University Press, 1986. vii + 227 pp.-Brian D. Jacobs, Kenneth Lunn, Race and labour in twentieth-cenruty Britain, London: Frank Cass and Co. Ltd., 1985. 186 pp.-Kenneth M. Bilby, Dick Hebdige, Cut 'n' mix: culture, identity and Caribbean Music. New York: Metheun and Co. Ltd, 1987. 177 pp.-Riva Berleant-Schiller, Robert Dirks, The black saturnalia: conflict and its ritual expression on British West Indian slave plantations. Gainesville, Fl.: University of Florida Press, Monographs in Social Sciences No. 72. xvii + 228.-Marilyn Silverman, James Howe, The Kuna gathering: contemporary village politics in Panama. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press, 1986. xvi + 326 pp.-Paget Henry, Evelyne Huber Stephens ,Democratic socialism in Jamaica: the political movement and social transformation in dependent capitalism. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1985. xx + 423 pp., John D. Stephens (eds)-Bridget Brereton, Scott B. Macdonald, Trinidad and Tobago: democracy and development in the Caribbean. New York, Connecticut, London: Praeger Publishers, 1986. ix + 213 pp.-Brian L. Moore, Kempe Ronald Hope, Guyana: politics and development in an emergent socialist state. Oakville, New York, London: Mosaic Press, 1985, 136 pp.-Roland I. Perusse, Richard J. Bloomfield, Puerto Rico: the search for a national policy. Boulder and London: Westview Press, Westview Special Studies on Latin America and the Caribbean, 1985. x + 192 pp.-Charles Gilman, Manfred Gorlach ,Focus on the Caribbean. 1986. Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins., John A. Holm (eds)-Viranjini Munasinghe, EPICA, The Caribbean: survival, struggle and sovereignty. Washington, EPICA (Ecumenical Program for Interamerican Communication and Action), 1985.-B.W. Higman, Sidney W. Mintz, Sweetness and power: the place of sugar in modern history. New York: Elisabeth Sifton Books, Viking Penguin Inc., 1985. xxx + 274 pp.
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MONTERO POHLY, W. "SISMICIDAD HISTÓRICA DE COSTA RICA." Geofísica Internacional 28, no. 3 (July 1, 1989): 531–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.1989.28.3.623.
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Se presenta un catálogo de terremotos históricos en Costa Rica durante el periodo 1638-1910, a partir de recopilaciones realizadas en diversas fuentes bibliográficas y consultas en los Archivos Nacionales. La documentación histórica de los terremotos es incompleta durante el periódo colonial. De hecho, durante el primer siglo de la colonia española (siglo XVI), no se tiene ninguna referencia a terremotos en Costa Rica. En la sismicidad recopilada están representadas las dos principales fuentes sísmicas reconocidas en Costa Rica. Estas corresponden con los temblores de subducción y con los temblores superficiales e intraplaca del cinturón montañoso del país. El terremoto del 7 de mayo de 1822 (M= 7.5) correspondería con el evento más dañino relacionado con el primer tipo de fuente sísmica. El terremoto del 2 de septiembre de 1841 (6.0 ≤ M ≤ 6.9) es el terremoto más destructivo relacionado con la segunda fuente sísmica durante el periódo 1638-1910. Temblores de la zona de Benioff que tienen profundidad intermedia (entre 70-200 km de profundidad) y de la zona de fractura de Panamá, las otras dos importantes fuentes sísmicas del país, no pueden ser identificados de los datos macrosísmicos recopilados.
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Rovira, Beatriz, and Juan Guillermo Martín. "Arqueología Histórica de Panamá: la experiencia en las ruínas de Panamá viejo." Vestígios - Revista Latino-Americana de Arqueologia Histórica 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2008): 8–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31239/vtg.v2i1.10723.
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O translado de Santa María de la Antigua del Darién levou a fundação da cidade do Panamá em 15 de agosto de 1519, que se converteu no primeiro porto espanhol no Pacífico. Em 1671, o pirata inglês Henry Morgan destruiu a cidade, motivando seu abandono e o translado par ao lugar que hoje conhecemos como Casco Antiguo de Panamá. Desde 2003, as ruínas do sítio hoje conhecido como Panamá Viejo, faem parte do Patrimônio Arqueológico da Humanidade. A instituição a cargo da proteção, conservação, investigação e manutenção do Conjunto Histórico Monumental é o Patronado Panamá Viejo, entidade que desde 1995 financia um programa permanente de investigações arqueológicas. O Departamento de Arqueologia planificou atividades a longo prazo, envolvendo diferentes etapas de investigação: prospecção, escavação, análise, conservação, curadoria de coleções, educação e difusão geral e especializada. Nossas principais linhas de investigação: estudos da cultura material, arqueologia funerária e zooarqueologia. Além do interesse no período colonial, o projeto tem dedicado sua atenção à investigação das ocupações pré-hispânicas do sítios. As evidêncas datadas com Carbono 14 remontam o assentamento indígena ao século X de nossa era. Este trabalho apresenta uma síntese de mais de uma década de investigação arqueológica no sítio Panamá Viejo e sua relevância no contexto regional.
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Sariego, Jesús M. "“Aquellos tenaces misioneros proscritos” Los jesuitas en la Centroamérica moderna (1842-1896)." ECA: Estudios Centroamericanos 66, no. 724 (March 31, 2011): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.51378/eca.v66i724.3433.
Full textAbstract:
Después de la etapa colonial, el siguiente período de presencia jesuita en Centroamérica tiene lugar en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Si la primera época estuvo atravesada de creatividad apostólica y éxitos educativos, el celo misionero y el conflicto caracterizaron esta segunda, los mismos que vivía la Iglesia en toda América Latina retada por la independencia y el Estado liberal moderno. Estas páginas, en continuidad con las ya escritas sobre la época colonial , quieren ser un bosquejo de aquellos años difíciles, hasta heroicos, para los jesuitas y de sus trabajos en tierras centroamericanas. Tras un breve recuento sobre el final de la antigua Compañía centroamericana, abordaremos el período que se inicia en 1842 con la llegada a Guatemala de los jesuitas belgas como capellanes de los colonos establecidos en Santo Tomás de Castilla y que concluye en 1896 cuando los superiores, presionados por el obispo Alejandro Peralta, optan por cerrar la pequeña comunidad del templo de San Francisco de Panamá y trasladar a sus miembros a Cartagena. Panamá era para entonces el único reducto jesuita en Centroamérica tras las expulsiones impuestas por los liberales en Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua y Costa Rica. Con el cierre de Panamá, finaliza esta segunda etapa de la historia de los jesuitas en América Central. Se dispersaron entonces por Colombia, Ecuador, Cuba, fuera de algunos que regresaron a España. La mayoría pasó a pertenecer jurídicamente a la misión de Colombia, que por decisión del P. Ledochowski se constituiría, el 8 de diciembre de 1924, en Provincia independiente. La siguiente etapa se iniciará, ya en el siglo XX, primero en Panamá (1902) y posteriormente en El Salvador (1915) y Nicaragua (1916) cuando los jesuitas regresen para extender su trabajo apostólico a todos los países del área hasta el presente.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 66, No. 724, 2011: 49-72.
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López Ortega, Víctor Manuel. "Reivindicación de la cultura purépecha en el filme indigenista Maclovia, de Emilio Fernández (1948)." Panambí. Revista de Investigaciones Artísticas, no. 7 (December 28, 2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22370/panambi.2018.7.1189.
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El indigenismo valora a los pueblos originarios de América y critica la marginación, la explotación y la opresión que han padecido desde la época colonial. Una manifestación del indigenismo la encontramos en el filme mexicano Maclovia (1948), dirigido por Emilio Fernández, que enfrenta a dos ideologías expresadas en relación a los purépechas de Janitzio: racista, por un lado; y reivindicadora y altruista, por el otro. En este artículo se analizan ambos discursos y se ahonda en los símbolos de José María Morelos, la paloma, la pesca, el agua y la canoa para develar cómo refuerzan la idea de una necesidad de inclusión de la cultura purépecha en la sociedad mexicana.
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Rojas-Sepúlveda, C. M., J. Rivera-Sandoval, and J. G. Martín-Rincón. "Paleoepidemiology of pre-Columbian and Colonial Panamá Viejo: a preliminary study." Bulletins et mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris 23, no. 1-2 (April 13, 2011): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13219-011-0033-3.
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Beluche, Olmedo. "Ciudad de Panamá, 500 años entre ferias y miserias." Cuadernos Nacionales, no. 26 (January 13, 2020): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.48204/j.cnacionales.n26a4.
Full textAbstract:
Este artículo realiza un repaso breve de la historia de la ciudad de Panamá, a 500 años de su fundación, partiendo de la aldea indígena primigenia, a la ciudad colonial transitista (función asignada por el mercado mundial al país) fundada por Pedrarias Dávila, pasando por su crisis de los siglos XVIII al XIX, y su restitución de la función transitista con el ferrocarril y el canal, hasta llegar al presente. El articulo acompaña cada etapa de la ciudad con su respectiva fase del desarrollo literario, cada uno con un estilo y una temática propia.
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BOISSIN, E., C. POGOREUTZ, A. PEY, N. GRAVIER-BONNET, and S. PLANES. "Millepora platyphylla (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) range extended back to the Eastern Pacific, thanks to a new record from Clipperton Atoll." Zootaxa 4668, no. 4 (September 12, 2019): 599–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4668.4.11.
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The fire coral Millepora platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1834 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) has a widespread Indo-Pacific distribution observed from the surface to 40 m (Razak & Hoeksema 2003). However, its extirpation from the East Pacific (Gulf of Chiriqui, Panama) was documented after the 1982-1983 bleaching event (Glynn & Weerdt 1991). Here, we report the discovery of 5 colonies of M. platyphylla from the eastern Pacific, specifically at Clipperton Atoll, during the TARA Pacific expedition (www.taraexpeditions.org).
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Guzman, Hector M., and Odalisca Breedy. "Pacifigorgia marviva (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) a new species from Coiba National Park, Pacific Panama." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92, no. 4 (April 7, 2011): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315411000373.
Full textAbstract:
Pacifigorgia marviva, a new shallow-water species of the family Gorgoniidae, was found in Coiba National Park, Pacific Panama at 35–40 m depth. It is characterized by having white to cream, small, erect colonies composed of 1–4 fronds, stems short or absent network irregular and open without fan midribs, and polyp mounds slightly raised and sparsely distributed. All sclerites are colourless. Coenenchymal sclerites mostly composed of long spindles reaching up to 0.25 mm in length, and long and thin anthocodial rods, up to 0.16 mm in length. Morphological characters are analysed and illustrated. Scanning electron microscopy was used for sclerite study. The new species is herein described and compared with other similar species reported from the eastern Pacific. Pacifigoria marviva increases the number of Pacifigorgia species to 35; 20 in Panama representing 57% of the genus in the eastern Pacific, followed by Costa Rica and Ecuador with 14 and 10 species, respectively.
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Kuethe, Allan. "Arquitectura, urbanismo y sociedad: la vivienda colonial en Panamá, historia de un sueño." Hispanic American Historical Review 78, no. 2 (May 1, 1998): 335–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-78.2.335.
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Zapata, Fernando A., María Del Mar Palacios, Valentina Zambrano, and Melina Rodríguez-Moreno. "Filling the gaps: first record of the Crown-of-thorns Starfish, Acanthaster planci (Linnaeus, 1758) (Spinulosida: Acanthasteridae), at Gorgona Island, Colombia, Tropical Eastern Pacific." Check List 13, no. 3 (May 9, 2017): 2112. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/13.3.2112.
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We report the occurrence of a major corallivore, the Crown-of-thorns Starfish Acanthaster planci, on the coral reefs of Gorgona Island, Tropical Eastern Pacific. Three individuals were sighted on opposite sides of the island, where they fed on small coral colonies of Pavona varians and Pocillopora damicornis. These sightings are noteworthy in light of reports that have demonstrated that the geographic distribution of A. planci is gradually increasing in the equatorial eastern Pacific, particularly south of the Gulf of Chiriquí (Panama) where it was previously absent.
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Kalmanovitz, Salomón. "Editorial." Tiempo y economía 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2015): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21789/24222704.1003.
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En este segundo número de tiempo&economía presentamos dos ensayos sobre temas fiscales en diferentes períodos y regiones. Salomón Kalmanovitz alarga su análisis sobre las cuentas fiscales del Estado Soberano de Panamá (Revista de Economía Institucional, No 27, 2012) a la nueva nación que surge de su separación de Colombia, auspiciada no sólo por el imperio norteamericano sino resentida por el maltrato que recibió del centro político colombiano. Su aporte es mirar con detenimiento las cuentas fiscales de Panamá en medio de un difícil proceso de construcción de Estado sin contar con el monopolio de los medios de violencia y sin disponer de su territorio más valioso. Junto con Giuseppe De Corso se estima el PIB de Panamá entre 1906 y 1945, que es el primer intento que se hace en este sentido y permite completar la serie que la Cepal hizo desde 1945 para todo el siglo XX. Claudia Chaves, por su parte, examina los conflictos fronterizos entre las provincias de Minas Gerais y Sao Paolo entre 1780 y 1815 en torno a la jurisdicción y administración financiera con el cambio que significó pasar de las juntas de hacienda real del Brasil colonial, a la creación del Erario Real del Imperio Portugués que se trasladó al Brasil tras la invasión de Napoleón a la península ibérica.
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Cid, Patricia. "Historia constructiva del Complejo Monástico de la Compañía de Jesús en el Casco Antiguo de Panamá y análisis de su tutela." Investigación y Pensamiento Crítico 6, no. 2 (July 19, 2018): 30–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37387/ipc.v6i2.86.
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El Complejo de la Compañía de Jesús ha sido formado en su historia constructiva, por edificios e iglesias realizados a finales del siglo XVII y a mediados del siglo XVIII que representan etapas significativas en el desarrollo de la sociedad colonial española en Panamá y de sus locales. Sus atributos forman parte y transmiten el “Valor Universal Excepcional” del Casco Antiguo de Panamá los cuales, se ven reflejados en la traza urbana, la dimensión y distribución de los lotes de terreno asignados y en sus características iniciales de fortaleza realizadas por las órdenes religiosas dentro de este Centro Histórico.En la actualidad, el polígono que ocupaban sus edificaciones son parte de una única unidad de reconocido valor urbano, arquitectónico e histórico debido al proceso evolutivo que encierran las características estéticas y constructivas de su Complejo, a su condición original de “conjunto urbano” y, a la importancia religiosa y de instrucción académica y moral que realizó la Orden de la Compañía de Jesús desde sus inicios como Colegio Seminario en el siglo XVII y primeras décadas del siglo XVIII hasta que se edificó la Real y Pontificia Universidad de San Javier de Panamá en el siglo XVIII la cual, además, fue la primera universidad en el país y que pretendió alcanzar una posición de reconocimiento en América, al nivel de las prestigiosas Universidades de Bogotá, Quito y Lima.
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Aceituno, Francisco Javier, and Juan Guillermo Martín. "PLANTAS AMERINDIAS EN LA MESA DE LOS PRIMEROS EUROPEOS EN PANAMÁ VIEJO." Latin American Antiquity 28, no. 1 (March 2017): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/laq.2016.9.
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En este artículo se presentan los resultados de los análisis arqueobotánicos y los datos zooarqueológicos recuperados en la ciudad española de Panamá Viejo (Panamá). El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar los recursos alimenticios que fueron aprovechados por los primeros colonizadores europeos de la costa pacífica de América Central (siglos dieciséis y diecisiete). Para esto se realizaron análisis de almidones de instrumentos líticos de contextos coloniales y se incluyeron datos de fauna de contextos contemporáneos, estudiados en trabajos anteriores. Los resultados obtenidos prueban que los españoles incluyeron rápidamente en su dieta cultivos nativos como el maíz, el fríjol y la yuca y aprovecharon la fauna silvestre local como complemento de los animales domésticos introducidos desde el Viejo Mundo.
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Nemati, Amirhossein, and Ali Hassanpour Darbandi. "World Literature: A Panacea for the Colonial Prejudice of English Literature." k@ta 22, no. 1 (July 12, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/kata.22.1.1-9.
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The present study is an attempt to discuss the importance of “World Literature” for English literary studies in universities and societies around the world. In this regard, this paper shall refer to the stances adopted by various thinkers against the colonial and ideological essence of the English literature in developing countries. In this part, references are made to postcolonial thinkers and the way they have exposed the barbaric nature of colonialism, in that it has, for decades, marginalized the culture and literature of other nations through cultural (neo)colonialism. The next part offers a brief introduction to the history of the emergence of “World Literature” and the ways in which it contributes to bridging the gap between nations across continents and ideological divides. The final section is devoted to a recapitulatory remark vis-à-vis the reorientation of the public’s eyes towards “World Literature” as a panacea for the colonial prejudice of English literature.
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Grimbeek, E. J., A. Viljoen, and S. Bentley. "First Occurrence of Panama Disease in Two Banana-Growing Areas of South Africa." Plant Disease 85, no. 11 (November 2001): 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.11.1211b.
Full textAbstract:
Fusarium wilt (Panama disease) of bananas is well established in two of the five banana production regions in South Africa: Kiepersol (near Hazyview) and southern KwaZulu-Natal. The disease is caused by a soilborne fungus, Fusarium oxysporumSchlechtend.: Fr. f. sp. cubense (E.F. Sm.) W.C. Snyd. & H.N. Hans., which is most commonly introduced into an area by infected plant material or in contaminated soil attached to vehicles, farm machinery, or footwear. In September 2000, banana plants were observed dying at an experimental site in a commercial Cavendish plantation in the Tzaneen area of the Northern Province of South Africa. Symptoms included wilting of leaves (starting from the oldest foliage) and yellow-brown discoloration of vascular tissue in the rhizome and pseudostem. These symptoms are typical of those described for Panama disease of bananas (2). Similar symptoms were observed at another experimental site in a banana plantation in the Komatipoort region of the Mpumalanga Province in November 2000. Komatipoort is currently the largest banana production region in South Africa. Panama disease has not previously been reported in the Tzaneen and Komatipoort regions. Both are at least 200 km away from the other banana production areas in South Africa. Fungal isolations were made from four diseased plants in both Tzaneen and Komatipoort, and the discolored tissue of the pseudostem was placed on potato dextrose agar amended with novobiocin (0.2 g/liter). Single-spore cultures made from developing colonies were identified as F. oxysporum based on morphological characteristics. Isolates were sent to the Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Plant Protection (CRCTPP) in Australia for identification by means of DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) analysis (1). Based on DAF analysis, isolates from Tzaneen and Komatipoort were identical to those in vegetative compatibility group 0120 of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (“subtropical” race 4), the causal agent of Panama disease in Kiepersol and southern KwaZulu-Natal. Pathogenicity studies were performed in the greenhouse by inoculating 5-cm Cavendish banana plants with two isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense from Tzaneen and two isolates from Komatipoort. Ten plants per isolate were inoculated by submerging their roots in a suspension of microconidia (105 spores/ml). Roots of control plants were submerged in sterile distilled water. Within 6 weeks, wilting symptoms developed on the lower leaves of inoculated banana plants, and the central cylinder of the rhizomes turned reddish brown. F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense was reisolated from the diseased tissue to complete Koch's postulates. The outbreaks of Panama disease in Komatipoort and Tzaneen do not appear to have spread further. Both of the infected fields were placed under quarantine, and symptomatic plants were destroyed. References: (1) S. Bentley et al. Phytopathology 88:1283, 1998. (2) R. H. Stover. Fusarial Wilt (Panama Disease) of Bananas and Other Musa Species. CMI, Kew, Surrey, UK, 1962.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 82, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2008): 113–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002468.
Full textAbstract:
David Scott; Conscripts of Modernity: The Tragedy of Colonial Enlightenment (Shalina Puri)Rebecca J. Scott; Degrees of Freedom: Louisiana and Cuba after Slavery (Olivia Maria Gomes da Cunha)Patrick Bellegarde-Smith (ed.); Fragments of Bone: Neo-African Religions in a New World (Dianne M. Stewart)Londa Schiebinger; Plants and Empire: Colonial Bioprospecting in the Atlantic World (J.D. La Fleur)F. Abiola Irele, Simon Gikandi (eds.);The Cambridge History of African and Caribbean Literature (A. James Arnold)Sean X. Goudie; Creole America: The West Indies and the Formation of Literature and Culture in the New Republic (J. Bradford Anderson)Doris Garraway; The Libertine Colony: Creolization in the Early French Caribbean (Charles Forsdick)Adélékè Adéèkó; The Slave’s Rebellion: Fiction, History, Orature (Owen Robinson)J. Brooks Bouson; Jamaica Kincaid: Writing Memory, Writing Back to the Mother (Lizabeth Paravisini-Gebert)Gary Wilder; The French Imperial Nation-State: Negritude and Colonial Humanism between the Two World Wars (Nick Nesbitt)Fernando Picó; History of Puerto Rico: A Panorama of its People (Francisco A. Scarano)Peter E. Siegel (ed.); Ancient Borinquen: Archaeology and Ethnohistory of Native Puerto Rico (William F. Keegan) Magali Roy-Féquière; Women, Creole Identity, and Intellectual Life in Early Twentieth-Century Puerto Rico (Yolanda Martínez-San Miguel)Katherine E. Browne; Creole Economics: Caribbean Cunning under the French Flag (David Beriss)Louis A. Pérez, Jr; To Die in Cuba: Suicide and Society (Matt D. Childs)John Lawrence Tone; War and Genocide in Cuba, 1895-1898 (Gillian McGillivray)Frank Argote-Freyre; Fulgencio Batista: From Revolutionary to Strongman (Javier Figueroa-De Cárdenas)Juanita de Barros, Audra Diptee, David V. Trotman (eds.); Beyond Fragmentation: Perspectives on Caribbean History (Bernard Moitt)Matthew Mulcahy; Hurricanes and Society in the British Greater Caribbean, 1624-1783 (Bonham C. Richardson)Michaeline A. Crichlow; Negotiating Caribbean Freedom: Peasants and the State in Development (Christine Chivallon)Peta Gay Jensen; The Last Colonials: The Story of Two European Families in Jamaica (Karl Watson)Marc Tardieu; Les Antillais à Paris: D’hier à aujourd’hui (David Beriss)Rhonda D. Frederick; “Colón Man a Come”: Mythographies of Panamá Canal Migration (Michael L. Conniff)James Robertson; Gone is the Ancient Glory: Spanish Town, Jamaica, 1534-2000 (Philip D. Morgan)Philippe R. Girard; Paradise Lost: Haiti’s Tumultuous Journey from Pearl of the Caribbean to Third World Hotspot (Carolle Charles)Michael Deibert; Notes from the Last Testament: The Struggle for Haiti (Carolle Charles)Ellen de Vries; Suriname na de binnenlandse oorlog (Aspha E. Bijnaar)In: New West Indian Guide/ Nieuwe West-Indische Gids no. 82 (2008), no: 1-2, Leiden