Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Colonne de distillation'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 47 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Colonne de distillation.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Varga, Viktória Gerbaud Vincent Rév Endre. "Distillation extractive discontinue dans une colonne de rectification et dans une colonne inverse." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2007. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000406.
Full textThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. 96 réf.
Varga, Viktória. "Distillation extractive discontinue dans une colonne de rectification et dans une colonne inverse." Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000406/.
Full textThis thesis deals with the systematic feasibility analysis of the separation of minimum-boiling azeotropes, maximum-boiling azeotropes and the low relativ voltatility mixtures in batch extractive distillation in a rectifier and in a stripper. Light, intermediate and heavy entrainers are applied in each case to realise the separation. Moreover, batch heterogeneous extractive distillation with heavy entrainer is studied here. General feasibility methodology is developped for the rectifier and for the stripper presented in organigrammes. Summarized tables show all the results provided by the feasibility analysis, namely, the feasibility conditions, the limiting operational parameters and the separation sequence. The main results of the feasibility analysis are justified by simulations and experiments
Kheder, Issa. "Analyse, modélisation rigoureuse et simulation dynamique d'une colonne de distillation par approche hybride." INSA de Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ISAM0018.
Full textStéger, Csaba Meyer Michel Lelkes Zoltán. "Distillation continue extractive et réactive dans une colonne avec un bac intermédiaire." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000358.
Full textThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. 110 réf.
Stéger, Csaba. "Distillation continue extractive et réactive dans une colonne avec un bac intermédiaire." Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000358/.
Full textThe thesis deals with two hybrid processes from the viewpoint of feasibility : batch extractive distillation (BED) and batch reactive distillation (BRD). Both processes are important from the viewpoint of process intensification. Separation of a maximum boiling azeotrope with intermediate boiling entrainer and the traditional BED configuration is found feasible. A novel configuration of BED, namely the inversed-fed BED (IBED), is also proposed and found more efficient for the studied mixture than the traditional one. Sensitivity analyses are performed for both configurations with commercial simulator (ChemCAD). Feasibility of the BED configuration is validated experimentally, as well. A general feasibility method of BRD is presented in the second part of the thesis. The derivation of the reactive model equations and their solution algorithm is presented. The new methodology is presented on two reactive systems, and the main results are validated by dynamic simulation runs
Woinet, Rémy. "Modélisation et commande d'une colonne de distillation soumise à de fortes variations de charge." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO19003.
Full textNEVES, JUNIOR FLAVIO. "Supervision et commande des phases transitoires des processus industriels : application a une colonne de distillation." Toulouse 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU30181.
Full textSteger, Lukacs Timea. "Etude de la distillation réactive dans une colonne avec un bac intermédiaire avec des réactions consécutives." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT046G/document.
Full textReactive distillation, a process integrating separation and reaction in a single unit, is one of the best known intensified chemical processes. Major advantages of reactive distillation include higher conversion, reduced investment, operating costs, energy consumption, and quantity of secondary products. A systematic and hierarchic general methodology for conceptual design of multireactive batch reactive distillation (BRD) is presented in this manuscript. The elaborated method is presented on the transesterification of dimethyl carbonate by the process of batch reactive distillation in a middle vessel column.After collecting the physico-chemical basic data necessary for our method, the new method of feasibility analysis for multicomponent and multireactive systems has been developed. The next step is the sensibility analysis, when the effects of the process parameters are analysed. As a configuration feasible a fully reactive configuration of middle vessel column with entrainer feeding to the upper and lower column sections is studied by simulations using ProSIM Batch
Messaoudene, Abdelhamid. "Conception et réalisation d'un simulateur de colonne garnie fonctionnant sous pression atmosphérique et sous pression réduite." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0060.
Full textSoulaine, Cyprien. "Modélisation des écoulements dans les garnissages structurés : de l'échelle du pore à l'échelle de la colonne." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0089/document.
Full textStructured packings play a large role in chemical engineering processes involving gasliquid separation such as air distillation unit or CO2 absorption columns. Such structures maximize the exchange surface between gas and liquid while pressure drops remain low enough. Generally, the columns are operated in the counter-current flow mode : a liquid gravity film is sheared by the turbulent flow of a gas phase. The packings are made of an assembly of corrugated sheets where two adjacent sheets are respectively inclined by an angle and the opposite of this angle from the vertical axis. We can apprehend such a device as a bi-structured porous medium with high porosity defining two scales of description : a pore-scale and a macro-scale assimilated to the packing scale. Due to this peculiar structured geometry, the flow modeling from a macroscopic point of view, remains a challenging problem that has to be overcome to design enhanced devices. In particular, the macroscopic phenomena that leads to the spreading of a liquid point source at the top of a packing are still unknown, and the classical two-phase flow models in porous media failed to properly catch the liquid distribution within the column. Moreover, turbulence effects lead to additional difficulties. We developed a comprehensive mathematical model based on a multi-scale analysis to simulate gas-liquid flow through the distillation columns. We investigate three main points. First, we derived a Darcy-Forchheimer law that includes turbulence effects using the method of volume averaging. Then, to model the liquid spreading, we found convenient to split the liquid phase into two fictitious phases flowing along each sheet with a preferential direction. Moreover, these phases are not (except perhaps at very low saturation) completely independent since adjacent sheets are in contact and the liquid can flow from one sheet to the other. Finally, we proposed a macro-scale dispersion model to simulate two-phase, multicomponent transport in structured packing. All the effective properties that appear in this model are evaluated from either simulations or analytical solutions of the flow at the pore-scale. Simulation results have been successfully compared to laboratory-scale experiments and industrial-scale measurements
Hannane, Farouk. "Modélisation et contrôle d'un système colonne à distiller - pompe à chaleur a l'aide d'un micro ordinateur." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0063.
Full textCachot, Thierry. "La distillation diabatique : expérimentation et applications industrielles." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1992_CACHOT_T.pdf.
Full textDaher, Alaa. "Diagnostic et pronostic des défauts pour la maintenance préventive et prédictive. Application à une colonne de distillation." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR090/document.
Full textThe distillation process is largely used in many applications such a petrochemical production, natural gas processing, and petroleum refineries, etc. Usually, maintenance of the chemical reactors is very costly and it disrupts production for long periods of time. All these factors really demonstrate the fundamental need for effective fault diagnosis and prognostic strategies that they are able to reduce and avoid the greatest number of thes problems and disasters. The first part of our work aims to propose a reliable diagnostic method that can be used in the steady-state regime of a nonlinear procedure. Moreover, we propose a modified procedure of the fuzzy c-means clustering method (MFCM) where MFCM calculates the percentage variation between the two clustered classes. The purpose of using MFCM is to reduce the computing time and increase the performance of the classifier. The results of the proposed method confirm the ability to classify between normal mode and eight abnormal modes of faults. Our second goal aims to propose a prognosis reliable method used to estimate the degradation path of a distillation column and calculate the lifetime percentage of this system. The work presents an approach based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) combined with (FCM) to predict the future path and calculate the lifetime percentage of the system. The results obtained demonstrate the validity of the proposed technique to achieve the needed objectives with a high-level accuracy. To improve ANFIS performance we propose Parzen windows distribution as a new membership function for ANFIS algorithm. Results demonstrated the importance of the proposed technique since it proved to be highly successful in terms of reducing the time consumed. Additionally, Parzen windows had the smallest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The last part of this thesis was focusing on the proposing of new algorithm which can be applied to obtain real-time monitoring system which relies on the fault production module to reach the diagnosis module in contrast to the previous strategies ; this means this method predict the future state of the system then diagnosis what is the probable fault source. This proposed method has proven to be a reliable process that can evaluate the degradation of a distillation column and subsequently diagnose the possible faults or accidents that can emerge as a result of the estimated degradation. This new approach combines the benefits of ANFIS with the benefits of feedforward ANN. The results were demonstrated that the technique achieved with a high level of accuracy, the objective of prediction and diagnosis especially when applied to the data obtained from automated distillation process in the chemical industry
Dénes, Ferenc. "New Double-Column Systems for Batch Heteroazeotropic Distillation." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0124/document.
Full textDistillation is the method the most frequently applied for the separation of liquid mixtures, e.g. for the recovery of the components of the waste solvent mixtures. Because of the high energy demand of these processes the optimal design and operation of the distillation equipments are important from economic and also environmental points of view. The separation of the azeotropic mixtures needs special distillation methods like heteroazeotropic distillation. In the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries it is often applied in batch mode. The aims of the thesis are to study the feasibility of a new Double-Column System (DCS) for batch heteroazeotropic distillation and to compare it with the traditional Batch Rectifier (BR) equipped with a decanterto study the above configurations by rigorous simulationto extend the DCS (Generalised Double-Column System, GDCS) and to study this new configuration by the above methodsto do laboratory experiments for both configurations in order to prove the feasibility of the separation and validate the calculations, respectively. Two new double-column configurations for batch heteroazeotropic distillation were studied. These configurations are designed to produce simultaneously the components of binary heteroazeotropic and homoazeotropic mixtures (by using an entrainer). They are operated in closed system (without continuous product withdrawal). First the feasibility of the separation of a heteroazeotropic mixture (1-butanol – water) and that of a homoazeotropic one by using an entrainer (isopropanol – water + benzene or cyclohexane) in the DCS were investigated by a simplified model. Then the operation of this configuration was modelled by rigorous simulation by using the dynamic simulator of the professional flowsheet simulator ChemCAD (CC-DColumn). On the basis of the results obtained by both methods the new configuration was compared with the BR. The DCS proved to be feasible and competitive with the BR: during the same or shorter time the recoveries of the components were higher. Then the DCS was extended to a more flexible version (Generalised Double-Column System, GDCS), which is suitable for the separation of binary homoazeotropic mixtures (by using an entrainer, in this work: cyclohexane or n- exane). The feasibility method was extended for the study of this configuration, as well. The GDCS proved to be feasible. Then the effects of its additional operational parameters on the duration were studied by rigorous simulation. The GDCS was compared with the DCS by rigorous simulation, as well. The GDCS proved to be more advantageous than the DCS: the duration was shorter and the specific energy demands of the products were lower. The DCS and GDCS were also investigated by laboratory and pilot plant experiments. First laboratory experiments were done for the separation of the binary heteroazeotropic mixture in a simple small size glass equipment operated as BR and DCS. The DCS proved to be feasible and competitive with the BR also on the basis of the results of these experiments: during the same time the recovery of both components were higher. Then a pilot plant was used for the same separation as a DCS. After this experiment the separation of the binary homoazeotropic mixture by using n-hexane as entrainer was studied in the equipment operated as BR and GDCS. The experiment showed that the simultaneous production of two components is feasible also in the GDCS
Gomez, Ramirez Jorge Mario. "Optimisation numérique du fonctionnement, du dimensionnement et de la structure d'une colonne de distillation catalytique représentée par un modèle de transfert." Pau, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PAUU3012.
Full textThe objective of this contribution is to propose a Mixed Integer Non Linear Programming (MINLP) formulation for optimal design of a catalytic distillation column based on a generic Non-Equilibrium Model (NEQ). The use of this NEQ model presents two main advantages: i) the computation of tray efficiencies is entirely avoided ii) the geometrical parameters of the column's hardware can be optimized. The minimization of the total annualized cost is submitted to three sets of constraints: the model equations, the product specification and the tray hydraulic equations. The solution strategy for the optimization uses a combination of Simulated Annealing and Sequential Quadratic Programming. Catalytic distillation of ETBE is considered as illustrative example. The results of the optimization are discussed. Pre and post optimal sensitivity analysis is also performed. According to our pilot plant design, the model relies on separation stages (trays) and reactive stages. The separation stages are cross flow sieve trays, of a single pass. In this work, the non-equilibrium model for the separation stages is based on of the works by Krishnamurthy and Taylor who presented a non-equilibrium model for a non-reactive distillation column. This model uses the two film theory and the heat and mass transfer coefficients to determine the flux at the interface (Integral NEQ model). For the optimization purposes, the Integral NEQ model is a good trade off between the complexity of the Differential NEQ model and the Equilibrium model
Worms, Guillaume. "Méthode de faisabilité et de conception de colonnes à cloison (DWC) pour la distillation de mélanges non-idéaux et azéotropiques." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/23691/20/Worms-Guillaume_23691.pdf.
Full textKhadra, Rami. "Nouvelle génération de transformateurs de chaleur, sélection de fluides de travail et optimisation des équipements du cycle en employant des technologies innovantes." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0083.
Full textThis work is part of the European union efforts to reduce its CO2 emissions. It aims to assist any waste heat producing industry in recuperating this lost thermal energy, pumping it to higher temperature levels and reusing it on site. Absorption Heat Transformers (AHT), that consume little electricity, are used for this task. Current AHT problems such as corrosion, crystallization, toxicity and inconvenient pressure levels are caused by conventionally used H2O/LiBr and NH3/ H2O working fluids and get worse at temperatures exceeding 120°C. Potential solutions are thus suggested. According to them, models are developed; they are all able to operate with any organic mixture and are customized to accompany the industrialist from start to finish. These solutions were validated by comparing them with literature data and are implemented into several tools.Firstly, a model selects the optimal organic binary mixture -among a list of fluids- in terms of the real case application's constraints: Heat transfer fluids used, Heat source's and heat sink's types and temperature profiles, mixtures transport properties among other parameters. Suitable thermodynamic model is selected for different fluid group types.Secondly, in order to separate the 2 components of the chosen mixture of organic compounds, the AHT generator (component which receives waste heat) is merged with the AHT condenser thus forming a distillation column. A “hybrid column” is designed by modifying the Ponchon-Savarit method and combining it with the Equal Thermodynamic Distance (ETD) method. This new column associates the best features of the two columns. It reduces entropy production rates and best exploits temperature gliding heat sources. Mechanical design for the hybrid column is also included.Thirdly, to ensure that the maximum theoretical temperature of the working fluid is reached, the AHT absorber (where high temperature heat is released) is divided into consecutive adiabatic parts followed by diabatic ones. Detailed Models for co-current and counter-current bubble columns as well as packing columns are presented and compared.Main results consist in a selection methodology of organic compounds mixtures, capable of replacing conventional ones specially at temperatures higher than 130 °C. It's also shown that adiabatic columns are better options when latent type heat sources are available while hybrid columns lose less exergy when used with sensible heat sources. As for the absorber, the new operating mode provides the user with higher temperatures than currently reached by available technologies. Finally, using the developed models, tailored and most suitable distillation (adiabatic, diabatic or hybrid columns) and absorber (bubble or packing columns) technologies can be proposed depending on the industrial specific cases and requirements
Yala, Omar. "Optimisation des colonnes HIDiC, intégrant une mousse métallique, basée sur une étude théorique et expérimentale des transferts thermiques." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0106.
Full textDistillation is the most applied separation technology. Its major drawback is the low thermodynamic efficiency (typically around 10 %). In response to environmental issues that concern energy consumption of distillation column, HIDiC (heat integrated distillation column) which combines advantages of vapor recompression and diabatic operation is expected to have a large impact on energy saving. The mixtures with close boiling point are confirmed to be the best candidates for HIDiC. In fact, in this configuration the rectifying section and the stripping section are separated. Heat is transferred inside the distillation column from the rectifying to the stripping section, because the operating pressure (and thus the temperature) of the rectifying section is increased by means of the compressor. First, a novel technology of heat and mass transfer between rectifying column and stripping column is characterized and validated on an experimental pilot. A concentric HIDiC which contains metal foam packing is designed. Compared to the Raschig Super-Ring results, the heat transfer in this structured packing is more efficient, with a gain up to 102 %. The obtained thermal conductance UA (W.K-1) of the innovative column packing is 1285 W.K-1. This confirms the purpose of open cell metal foams use in HIDiC as a heat transfer technology. Secondly, the aim of this study is to optimize the HIDiC sensitive parameters so as to minimize the Total Annual Cost (TAC). For this, a HIDiC simulation model is developed by using commercial software ProSim Plus™®. GA (Genetic Algorithm) is used to find the optimal HIDiC configuration where variables are optimized without initialization. Binary (Benzene/Toluene) separation case is examined for the evaluation of the proposed method. As a result, 7.4 % and 13.9 % TAC reductions are realized in comparison with the reported solutions in previous works. Binary (Cyclohexane/n-Heptane) is studied to evaluate the physical feasibility of heat transfer between rectifying and stripping column by the experimental thermal conductance (UA experimental [W.K-1]) of the innovative column packing
Viel, Frédéric. "Stabilité des systèmes non linéaires contrôlés par retour d'état estimé. Application aux réacteurs de polymérisation et aux colonnes à distiller." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES017.
Full textRizk, Joelle. "Étude et modélisation des conditions d'échanges dans les colonnes de distillation diabatiques : étude de la distribution de fluides." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01003516.
Full textCanon, Eric. "Etude mathématique de deux modèles de colonne à distiller : modèle discret à étages théoriques, modèle continu hyperbolique." Saint-Etienne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STET4004.
Full textCreff, Yann. "La dynamique et la commande de colonnes multicomposées." Paris, ENMP, 1992. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00838254.
Full textBossanne, Denis. "Commandes et observateurs non linéaires de colonnes à distiller." Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUES023.
Full textSaid, Walid. "Étude et modélisation de structures d'échange de colonnes de distillation cryogéniques." Paris, ENMP, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENMP0039.
Full textThe current pharmaceutical and chemical industry is in growing demand for pure oxygen and nitrogen, mainly obtained by cryogenic separation of air components. The separation takes place in distillation columns, where counter-current liquid and vapor flows exchange air components and produce pure substances at the columns exit. The separation is enhanced by liquid-vapor contact devices, the most common are the structured packings. The prediction of the separation efficiency, the capacity and the pressure losses inside the distillation columns requires modeling the two-phase flow hydrodynamics and the mass transfer in structured packings. The liquid flows as rivulets on the structured packing surface. The spreading of the rivulet network is modeled by a mechanistic model. The local film thickness and the effective wetting area of the packing are determined by correlations. Vapor distribution and pressure loss are modeled by CFD simulations, which solve the Navier-Stokes equations in representative elementary units of the packing. An equation for the pressure loss is established as a function of the vapor velocity, packing geometry, and the liquid hold-up. The mass transfer coefficients in the liquid and vapor phases are evaluated through correlations. The discretization and resolution of the mass conservation equations of the species lead to determine the phases molar composition evolution in the column. The developed final model was used to evaluate the effect of poor fluid distribution, change of column dimensions or geometric packing parameters, and variation of operating conditions on the separation efficiency of the distillation columns
Albet, Joël. "Simulation rigoureuse de colonnes de distillation discontinue à séquences opératoires multiples." Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT008G.
Full textRakotopara, Daniel. "Contribution à l'étude des systèmes non-linéaires." Rouen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ROUES023.
Full textShehadeh, Gabriel. "Les garnissages métalliques de texture ordonnée en distillation : Etude de l'hydrodynamique et de la capacité de séparation : Influence de la pression." Lyon, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAL0067.
Full textDistillation is the most frequent process for separating the compnents from liquid mixture. For about twenty years, the products of high molecular weight and high addèd value have been obtained by distillation under high vacuum conditions. These packings have the form of cylindrical plugs occupying the whole cross section area of an industrial column. Since 1985 they have replaced the plates in very high pressure columns. Two pilot plants have been for characterizing the most important structured packings with respect to the hydrodynamic (pressure drop, hold-up, operating region as a function of the pressure, flooding point) and the capability of separation (HETP). One column can be operated at low pressures (P 1000 Pa) and the ether one at high. Pressures (between 10 exp5 and 12. 10exp5Pa). Correlations are proposed for predicting the values of the hydrodynamic and separation parameters which. Are necessary of any chemical engineering consultant group for the design of distillation columns and all other mass transfer equipments
Albaret, Christian. "Contribution à l'étude et à la commande des colonnes de distillation multiconstituants." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 1992. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00838235.
Full textALBARET, CHRISTIAN. "Contribution a l'etude et a la commande des colonnes de distillation multiconstituants." Paris, ENMP, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ENMP0307.
Full textAssaoui, Mohammed. "Influence de la pression sur le comportement des garnissages en distillation." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10166.
Full textHughes, Michael John. "Optimisation of complex distillation colomn systems using rigorous models." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5317.
Full textSalimi, Fariba. "Approche comparative de la simulation dynamique des colonnes de distillation à plateaux et à garnissage." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECAP0474.
Full textTargui, Boubekeur. "Modélisation et observation des colonnes à distiller." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10020.
Full textLe, Rouzic Yann. "Observateurs non linéaires de colonnes à distiller : application industrielle." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES070.
Full textMARGAGLIO, ELIZABETH. "Modelisation et commande de processus par des methodes neuronales et floues : applications aux colonnes de distillation." Rennes, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAR0004.
Full textMohammedi, Kamal. "Contribution à l’étude des garnissages en vrac en distillation sous pression réduite. Mesure d'aires interfaciales." Lyon, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAL0046.
Full textThis work is dealing with hydrodynamics and mass transfer in counter-current random packed columns under reduced pressure. It consists of two parts. The first part is about distillation under reduced pressure. This process is advantageous when heat sensitive and corrosive materials or used solvents are: concerned. In distillation particularly under reduced pressure, many is done but too much is still unknown or unpublished. Hydrodynamics and mass transfer parameters (pressure drop, hold-up residence time distribution , flooding , HETP) are obtained from Raschig rings and Berl saddles packed column. In the second part, highlighting the importance of gas-liquid interfacial area for data interpretation, we measured this parameter by performing and absorption with fast second order irreversible reaction (sulfite-oxygen-cobalt system) under reduced pressure
Rizk, Joelle. "Étude et modélisation des conditions d’échanges dans les colonnes de distillation diabatiques : étude de la distribution des fluides." Paris, ENMP, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01003516.
Full textDistillation columns are one of the main methods used for separating the components of the air. Their inconvenient is the high energy consumption. In order to produce the oxygen needed for oxycombustion with low energy costs, a diabatic distillation column for cryogenic air separation is designed and modeled. It consists of a shell and tubes heat exchanger where the tubes constitute a first column operating at low pressure and the shell a second one operating at high pressure. Coupled mass and heat transfers are modeled and the diabatic column simulated. A comparative exergy analysis between three types of distillation columns for cryogenic air separation shows that the exergy efficiency of the diabatic column designed is 23 % higher than that of the conventional double columns. The distribution of the mixtures in the tubes and the shell is a key point in the distillation process in the shell and tubes heat exchanger. The different forms of uneven distribution are studied and solutions are proposed. A pilot is designed in order to validate experimentally the theoretical concept of diabatic distillation of cryogenic air
Bezzina, Mohammed. "Approche statistique pour la génération de cascades optimales de colonnes de rectification avec récupération d'énergie." Toulouse, INPT, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPT007G.
Full textPasquier, Sylvain. "Modeling two-phase flows in columns equipped with structured packings : a multiscale porous medium approach." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0070/document.
Full textDistillation in columns equipped with structured packings is today the most used technology for separating air in its primary components. This process is characterized by a counter-current gasliquid flow in a structure made of parallel corrugated sheets arranged in packs. The description of such system is constrained by the large dimensions of the columns and by the complexity of the local-scale phenomena. This leads to consider a strategy of upscaling, based on the volume averaging method, to describe the system at a scale at which a resolution is possible. The work is organized in three steps. As a first step, considering moderate flow rates, a methodology ofupscaling is developed to predict the pressure drop in the flow of the gas phase taking into account small scale roughnesses due to the structure itself or perturbations of the liquid film. At this stage, the effect of this rough surface is characterized by an effective boundary condition. The boundary value problem for the flow of the gas phase is volume averaged in order to derive a system of equations at large scale. The resulting momentum balance is a generalized Darcy's law for inertial flows, involving effective parameters accounting for the roughness at the microscale. The second step of this work focuses on the interaction between the two phases at higher flow rates. It is shown that models involving non-standard macroscopic cross-terms are more prone to describe the flow in packings at high Reynolds numbers than the models usually used in porousmedia sciences. More generally, these models are shown to characterize accurately processes in highly permeable media, where drastic changes of pressure drop and retention are observed. We finally study the distribution of the liquid phase in the structured packing. It is shown that a specific approach involving a multiphase model with liquid decomposition is required to capture the anisotropy generated in the flow of the liquid phase. Two methods involving two pseudo-phases and four pseudo-phases for the liquid phase are compared. This last method captures a number of very different distribution regimes in the column and offers additional flexibility to describepreferential paths of the liquid
Kofman, Nicolas. "Films liquides tombants avec ou sans contre-écoulement de gaz : application au problème de l'engorgement dans les colonnes de distillation." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066306/document.
Full textFalling liquid films with or without a gazeous counter-flow play a leading role in many industrial process. Indeed, the waves at the gas/liquid interface increase noticeably the heat and mass transfer between both phases. We have tried, as a first step, to better understand the 2D and 3D dynamics of a liquid film falling down an inclined plane using experimental (shadowgraphy visualisations, thickness measurements) and numerical (reduced equation models, stability analysis) tools. The optimal operating conditions are closed to the limit of flooding characterized by an invasion of the available space by the liquid phase. Our goal, as a second step, has been to better understand the physical mechanisms at the origin of flooding using simplified geometry experiments (plane channel). These works fall within a CIFRE contract between the FAST laboratory and the Air Liquide company in order to apply the results to the air distillation process. Two experimental set-ups have been built : one at room temperature (fundamental study), the other at cryogenic temperature (applied and confidential study)
Youssef, Siham. "Conception de colonnes de rectification complexes par une méthode short-cut : application aux cascades de séparation." Toulouse, INPT, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPT042G.
Full textDahan, Laure. "Chromatographie en phase supercritique capillaire : application à la distillation simulée des produits pétroliers lourds." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066287.
Full textDudret, Stéphane. "Modèles de convection-diffusion pour les colonnes de distillation : application à l'estimation et au contrôle des procédés de séparation cryogéniques des gaz de l'air." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00874677.
Full textVarga, Viktoria. "Distillation extractive discontinue dans une colonne de rectification et dans une colonne inverse." Phd thesis, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7533/1/varga.pdf.
Full textStéger, Csaba. "Distillation discontinue extractive et réactive dans une colonne avec un bac intermédiaire." Phd thesis, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7502/1/steger.pdf.
Full textLukacs, Timea. "Etude de la distillation réactive dans une colonne avec un bac intermédiaire avec des réactions consécutives." Phd thesis, 2009. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7186/1/Lukacs.pdf.
Full textPhillpotts, David Nicholas Charles. "Nonlinear fault detection and diagnosis using Kernel based techniques applied to a pilot distillation colomn." Diss., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23256.
Full textDissertation (MEng (Control Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Chemical Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted