Academic literature on the topic 'Color purity'

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Journal articles on the topic "Color purity"

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Liu, Jintong, Kun Feng, Yusi Wang, Qingyuan Li, Nan Chen, and Yikun Bu. "High-color-purity, high-brightness and angle-insensitive red structural color." Chinese Optics Letters 20, no. 2 (2022): 021601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202220.021601.

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Kim, Jun Yong, Hyo Jong Cho, and Yun Seon Do. "High Color Purity Plasmonic Color Filter by One-Dimensional Photonic Crystals." Nanomaterials 12, no. 10 (2022): 1694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12101694.

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Structural colors have been reported instead of conventional dye- or pigment-based color filters. Color selectivity can degrade as structure-based optical resonances are accompanied by several resonance modes. In this work, we suggest a simple and effective design of the plasmonic color filter (PCF) that integrated the PCF with the one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal (PhC). The introduced PhC creates an optical band gap and suppresses undesired peaks of the PCF caused by the high-order resonance mode. Finally, the suggested structure provides a high color purity. This study can be a guideline for technology that replaces conventional color filters.
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Song, Maowen, Xiong Li, Mingbo Pu, et al. "Color display and encryption with a plasmonic polarizing metamirror." Nanophotonics 7, no. 1 (2018): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2017-0062.

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AbstractStructural colors emerge when a particular wavelength range is filtered out from a broadband light source. It is regarded as a valuable platform for color display and digital imaging due to the benefits of environmental friendliness, higher visibility, and durability. However, current devices capable of generating colors are all based on direct transmission or reflection. Material loss, thick configuration, and the lack of tunability hinder their transition to practical applications. In this paper, a novel mechanism that generates high-purity colors by photon spin restoration on ultrashallow plasmonic grating is proposed. We fabricated the sample by interference lithography and experimentally observed full color display, tunable color logo imaging, and chromatic sensing. The unique combination of high efficiency, high-purity colors, tunable chromatic display, ultrathin structure, and friendliness for fabrication makes this design an easy way to bridge the gap between theoretical investigations and daily-life applications.
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Cheng, Wei-Chung, Chih-Lei Wu, and Aldo Badano. "Quantitative Assessment of Color Tracking and Gray Tracking in Color Medical Displays." Color and Imaging Conference 2019, no. 1 (2019): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2169-2629.2019.27.63.

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The goal of this study is to develop quantitative metrics for evaluating color tracking and gray tracking in a color medical display. Color tracking is the chromaticity consistency of the red, green, or blue shades. Gray tracking is the chromaticity consistency of the gray shades. Color tracking and gray tracking are the most important colorimetric responses of a color medical display because they directly indicate the color calibration quality and can therefore be used to compare color performance between displays. Two metrics, primary purity and gray purity, are defined to measure the color shift of the primary shades and gray shades of a color display, respectively. The area under the curves of primary purity and gray purity can then represent the quality of color tracking (C_AUC) and gray tracking (G_AUC), respectively. Fifteen displays including medical, professional-grade, consumer-grade, mobile, and special displays were tested to compare their C_AUC and G_AUC. The OLED displays have the greatest C_AUC values. The medical and professional-grade displays have the greatest combinations of C_AUC and G_AUC values. Most consumer-grade displays have lower C_AUC and G_AUC values, but some show better gray tracking than color tracking. The special displays exhibit particularly poor color and gray tracking. Using C_AUC and G_AUC together can quantitatively predict and compare color performance of different displays.
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Maele, Mohammad J., Ronal Yahya, Suparmin Fathan, Fahrul Ilham, Nibras K. Laya, and Safriyanto Dako. "PHENOTYPE PURITY OF BALI CATTLE IN THE COASTAL AREA." Jambura Journal of Animal Science 7, no. 1 (2024): 50–58. https://doi.org/10.35900/jjas.v7i1.24759.

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The role of farmer groups are very strategic in increasing the number of Bali cattle. The existence of the group has been able to increase the number of livestock. The aim of this research is to determine the phenotypic purity of Bali Cattle raised in Kabila Bone District based on Indonesia National Standards (SNI). This research was carried out in several livestock groups in Kabilabone District, Bonebolango, ± 5 months, namely in July-November 2023. Method used were visual observations and body measurements. Descriptive analysis for external phenotypic appearance and quantitative. The skin color of female Bali cattle in Molotabu and Biluango Villages experienced a shift or bias from the SNI standard of 1.67-2.85 respectively, where the body skin color was dark brown to black, while other cattle have normal colors such as brick red, brown, light brown and fawn according to SNI standards. The white color pattern on the buttocks/rump mirror (CB) is a characteristic of male and female Bali cattle. The white color is circular in shape following the shape of the rear buttocks of the Bali cattle. CB circle boundaries in Bali cattle are clearly visible. The frequency of CB color boundary phenotypes in female Bali cattle is the frequency of CB with clear boundaries was 33.33-76.67%, while those with unclear boundaries was 23.33-66.67%. The highest body weight of female Bali cattle was 262.87 while the lowest was 162.0, and the standard deviation value for body weight was ±26.10. Female Bali cattle raised traditionally do not comply with SNI standards
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Li, Guang, Juewen Zhao, Dan Zhang, et al. "Non-doped deep blue emitters based on twisted phenanthroimidazole derivatives for organic light-emitting devices (CIE y ≈ 0.04)." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 12 (2017): 5191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj00155j.

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Three blue emitters via twisted donor–acceptor molecular design strategy show extremely good color purity without impairing the excellent photophysical and electrical properties. The color purity of nondoped devices can meet the blue OLED requirements of NTSC.
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Lee, Kyu-Tae, Daeshik Kang, Hui Park, Dong Park, and Seungyong Han. "Design of Polarization-Independent and Wide-Angle Broadband Absorbers for Highly Efficient Reflective Structural Color Filters." Materials 12, no. 7 (2019): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12071050.

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We propose a design of angle-insensitive and polarization-independent reflective color filters with high efficiency (>80%) based on broad resonance in a Fabry–Pérot cavity where asymmetric metal-dielectric-metal planar structures are employed. Broadband absorption properties allow the resonance in the visible range to remain nearly constant over a broad range of incident angles of up to 40° for both s- and p-polarizations. Effects of the angles of incidence and polarization state of incident light on the purity of the resulting colors are examined on the CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram. In addition, higher-order resonances of the proposed color filters and their electric field distributions are investigated for improved color purity. Lastly, the spectral properties of the proposed structures with different metallic layers are studied. The simple strategy described in this work could be adopted in a variety of research areas, such as color decoration devices, microscopy, and colorimetric sensors.
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Zhu, Xiaomin, Cuicui Zhao, Weiwei Zhang, et al. "Structural Color Control of CoFeB-Coated Nanoporous Thin Films." Coatings 11, no. 9 (2021): 1123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11091123.

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Unlike color dyes, structural colors only slightly fade during long-term usage. Here, structural colors were controllably achieved by constructing CoFeB photonic crystal layers on the surface of a nanoporous aluminum oxide (AAO) substrate by magnetron sputtering deposition. The resulting material showed a wide visible spectral response and achieved structural color control with a high resolution, high color purity, and saturation. The angle-dependent color changes of CoFeB@AAO films were further investigated by changing the incident light angle. The simulation results of the model are consistent with the experiments, which is significant in practical applications. This strategy may have great potential applications for solid structure color coatings, anti-counterfeiting and security, information storage, and electromagnetic sensors.
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Liao, Qi Li, Ting Ting Lang, and Fei Lv. "Analysis and Research of the High Power LED Temperature Characteristics." Advanced Materials Research 710 (June 2013): 460–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.710.460.

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This paper is mainly about the high power LED temperature characteristics. With the integrating sphere, we conduct an experiment to observe and analysis the relationships of temperature and color coordinates, peak wavelength, color temperature, forward voltage, peak bandwidth, color purity, electric power. Finally we get that the temperature is the main factor to affect the color performance of white LED photoelectric, with the white LED apparent temperature rise, forward voltage, the color coordinates and color purity tends to go down. On the contrary with increasing junction temperature, the half-value wavelength and color temperature are increased accordingly.
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Chen, Weijie, Zexiang He, Zhenzhen Duan, et al. "Wide-color-gamut, high-purity, and high-brightness thin film structural colors based on modified Fano resonant structure." Chinese Optics Letters 22, no. 8 (2024): 082601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202422.082601.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Color purity"

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Рижова, Ольга Петрівна. "Наукові основи технології кольорових екологічно безпечних склоемалей". Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2020. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/43712.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня доктора технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.17.11 – технологія тугоплавких неметалічних матеріалів, Державний вищий навчальний заклад "Український державний хіміко-технологічний університет", Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2020. Дисертацію присвячено розвитку наукових основ технології екологічно безпечних захисно-декоративних склоемалевих покриттів широкої колірної гами по сталі і кольоровим металам, а також принципів регулювання та прогнозування їх колірних характеристик. Внаслідок проведення дослідження за темою дисертаційної роботи одержані такі наукові результати: - науково обгрунтовано та експериментально доведено, що отримання на кольорових металах емалевих покриттів, які не вміщують Плюмбум, можливе на основі стекол системи Na₂O–BaO–B₂O₃–SiO₂; за комплексом визначених властивостей та здатності утворювати найбільш якісні покриття на мідній основі виділена область базової системи, мол.%: Na₂O – 24,2–40,5; ВаО – 5,0–10,0; B₂O₃ – 15,2–30,5; SiO₂ – 24,0–53,5, яка у зрівнянні з межами цих компонентів в відомих складах безплюмбатних емалей характеризується збільшеним в 2 рази вмістом B₂O₃ і відносно невеликим вмістом SiO₂; - встановлені основні тенденції зміни колірного тону стекол системи Na₂O–BaO–B₂O₃–SiO₂, які суттєво відрізняються за хімічним складом та забарвлені іонними барвниками, з огляду на розташування максимумів ІЧ-спектрів стекол та їх кислотно-основні властивості; останні оцінювались двома розрахунковими структурними параметрами: fSi – ступінь зв’язності кремнекисневого каркасу і Ψв – орієнтовний показник координаційного стану Бору в структурі скла. Доведено, що між колірним тоном λ та Ψв існує значний кореляційний зв'язок для стекол, забарвлених CuO r*=−0,83 і CoO r*=−0,87 та слабкий – для стекол, забарвлених K₂Cr₂O₇ – r*=0,5; - виявлені закономірності забарвлення одної скломатриці і емалевого покриття на її основі в системі R₂O–ВаО–ZnO–Al₂O₃–В₂О₃–TiO₂–SiO₂ рядом іонними барвників. Незалежно від вмісту барвників, вони надають однаковий колірний тон як стеклам, так і покриттям на основі цих стекол, а саме: CuO (1,0–3,0 мас.%) λ=489–494 нм (синьо-зелений), Fe₂O₃ (0,5–2 мас.%) λ=575–585 нм (жовтий), K₂Cr₂O₇ (0,5–2,0 мас.%) λ=570–576 нм (жовто-зелений), CoO (0,5–1,0 мас.%) λ=441–463 нм (синьо-фіолетовий), NiO (0,5–1,0 мас.%) λскла=559′–571′ нм, λпокриттів=598–629 нм (коричневий). Доказано, що за ступенем інтенсивності забарвлення стекол та покриттів на їх основі барвники розташовуються в наступній послідовності: CoO > NiO > CuO > K₂Cr₂O₇ > Fe₂O₃; - вперше встановлений механізм глушіння прозорого матричного емалевого скла в системі R₂O–ВаО–ZnO–TiO₂–Al₂O₃–В₂О₃–TiO₂–SiO₂ при введені МоО3, в результаті якого виникає явище опалесценції, а саме: за рахунок дифракції при розповсюдженні хвиль в мікронеоднорідному середовищі, в якому розмір часток молібден(VI) оксиду (0,05–0,15 мкм) менше довжини хвиль білого світла; - вперше встановлена залежність коефіцієнта дифузного відбиття емалевих покриттів від хімічного складу емалевих фрит, яка отримана обробкою експериментальної вибірки 471 складу покривних емалевих фрит методом множинного кореляційного аналізу і представлена у вигляді математичної моделі, що дозволяє розрахувати хімічний склад покривних емалей із заданим КДВ; коефіцієнт кореляції між експериментальними і розрахунковими значеннями – 0,98; - використовуючи ідею про введенні в будь-який матеріал (скло, пігмент, ситал, метал) певних компонентів в незначній кількості для модифікації його властивостей, вперше виявлено наступне: «малий додаток» Fe₂O₃ у кількості 0,25 мас.% в складі безплюмбатних емалевих стекол на основі базової системи Na₂O–BaO–B₂O₃–SiO₂ і 1 мас.% в складі безфлуористих склоемалей на основі базової системи Na₂O–B₂O₃–SiO₂ активізує процеси лікваційного розшарування скла, що дозволяє збільшити в 1,5–2,5 рази інтенсивність глушіння покриттів, а також покращити оптико-колірні характеристики пігментнозабарвлених склопокриттів, зокрема, червоного кольору. «Малий додаток» ZrO₂ у кількості до 1 мас.% в складі малофлуористої титанової емалі сприяє активному виділенню анатазу в покритті під час випалу та покращенню його оптичних характеристик; - за допомогою розробленої спеціальної комп’ютерної програми COLOUR GLASS, яка автоматично розраховує координати кольорності x y, колірний тон λ, чистоту кольору Р та наносить колірні характеристики матеріалів на графік МКО, вперше доказано, що за картиною розташування точок кольору, по-перше, можна робити прогнози відносно рівноваги, яка утворюється між іонними забарвлюючими комплексами під час варки скла, по-друге, про колористичні можливості суміши пігментів - вперше в області технологій, які потребують підвищених температур, встановлені залежності координат кольору емалевих покриттів від складу суміші пігментів у вигляді поліноміальних математичних моделей, що дозволило вирішити складну матеріалознавчу колористичну проблему знаходження співвідношення пігментів для відтворення кольору зразка із заданими колірними характеристиками. Практичне значення отриманих результатів: - розроблено склади емалевих стекол для кольорових металів, які не містять Плюмбуму – одного із самих шкідливих для навколишнього середовища елемента, запропоновано основи технології одержання виробів з їх використанням. Нові емалі широкої палітри кольорів, різного ступеню прозорості створено на основі матричної прозорої емалі. Вони характеризуються однаковим інтервалом випалу 780–820 °С, у зв’язку з чим спрощується технологія отримання художніх і ювелірних виробів. Емалі пройшли випробування та рекомендовані до впровадження у виробництво з виготовлення художніх виробів в майстерні, що знаходиться в структурі Музею українського живопису (м. Дніпро), а також на підприємстві з виготовлення ювелірних виробів, компанія "Diadema", м. Вінниця. Палітра емалевих покриттів та вироби з них представлені під час доповіді на 24 Міжнародному Конгресі емальєрів в м. Чикаго у 2018 р. Згідно міжнародного договору між ДВНЗ УДХТУ та компанією "Richemont International SA Varinor SA" м. Делемонт, Щвейцарія, виготовлено і передано замовнику емалеві стекла у вигляді порошку і емальовані мідні зразки; - створено каталог зразків кольорів, в якому представлено склооснови, кількість барвників, глушників, відновників та оптико-колірні характеристики емалевих покриттів, що не містять Плюмбум. Назву кольорів встановлювали у відповідності із назвою кольорів системи RAL. Палітра розроблених емалей ювелірного та художнього призначення включає 54 кольори: жовто-червоні, синьо-зелені, оливково-гірчичні, пастельні та коричнево-чорні; - розроблено склади малофлуористих білих і світлозабарвлених титанових емалей, безфлуористої склооснови для отримання яскравозабарвлених емалевих покриттів пігментним способом, які випробувані в виробничих умовах ТОВ «Новомосковський посуд» і рекомендовані до серійного впровадження на заводах з випуску емальованих виробів господарчо-побутового призначення. Технологічні особливості виробництва запропонованих емалей дозволяють здійснювати високотемпературні операції варки емалей на 100 °С, а випалу покриттів – на 30–50 °С нижче відомих, що в епоху тотальної економії топливно-енергетичних ресурсів дуже актуально. Малофлуористі світлозабарвлені кремова і сіро-блакитна емалі впроваджені на ТОВ "Новомосковський посуд"; - вперше для технології емалевих покриттів на сталі розроблено метод колірного моделювання, завдяки якому побудовано колірний трикутник-номограму для виробничої склооснови і пігментів жовтого, червоного, синього, за допомогою якого задається необхідний колір і розраховується необхідне співвідношення пігментів. Метод колірного моделювання є універсальним і може бути застосованим до широкого асортименту силікатних матеріалів: глазуровані покриття на керамічній основі, кольорові будівельні матеріали та інші. У вступі обґрунтовано актуальність теми дисертації, сформульовано головну мету та завдання роботи, представлено наукову новизну та практичну цінність одержаних результатів. В першому розділі наведено аналіз патентної та науково-технічної літератури, що стосується отримання екологічно безпечних емалей широкої колірної гами, сучасного стану виробництва кольорових емалей та контролю їх колірних показників, механізмів забарвлення скла та емалей і факторів, що впливають на формування кольору. У другому розділі надано основні поняття та визначення, які використовуються в роботі, а також методики дослідження фізико-хімічних властивостей і структури стекол, покриттів та їх колірні характеристики. В третьому розділі представлено дослідження з розробки екологічно безпечних емалей для міді та прогнозування їх колірних характеристик. В четвертому розділі представлено результати досліджень з розробки легкоплавкої титанової емалі, яка відповідала б вимогам діючих стандартів та випалювалась в ресурсо- та енергозберігаючих умовах виробництва та була максимально екологічно безпечною для навколишнього середовища. П'ятий розділ присвячений дослідженням з розробки складів емалевих фрит, що не вміщують Флуор, які використовуються для отримання яскравозабарвлених емалевих покриттів для виробів господарчо-побутового призначення. В шостому розділі представлені результати розробки методу колірного моделювання. Відтворити, а тим більше спрогнозувати колір із заданими колірними характеристиками – надзвичайно складна багатопланова матеріалознавча проблема, навіть якщо відома рецептура скла і покриття, режими їх варки та випалу. В сьомому розділі надано результати промислової апробації, реалізації та впровадження отриманих матеріалів.<br>Thesis for a Doctor of Science Degree in Specialty 05.17.11 – Refractory Non-Metallic Materials Technology, State Higher Educational Institution "Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology", National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Kharkiv, 2019. The dissertation is devoted to creation of physicochemical bases of technology of ecologically safe protective and decorative glass-enamel coatings of wide color scale on steel and non-ferrous metals, development of principles of regulation and prediction of their color. As a result of the research on the topic of dissertation the following scientific results were obtained: - scientifically substantiated and experimentally proved that the production of lead-free enamel coatings on non-ferrous metals is possible on the basis of the Na₂O – BaO – B₂O₃ – SiO₂ glasses, by the complex of defined properties and the ability to form the highest quality coatings on a copper basis the selected region of the base system, mol %: Na₂O – 24,2–40,5; BaO – 5.0–10.0; B₂O₃ – 15.2–30.5; SiO₂ – 24,0–53,5, which in comparison with the limits of these components in known compositions of lead-free enamels, is characterized by a 2-fold increase in the content of B2O3 and a relatively small content of SiO₂; - the basic tendencies of color change of glasses of Na₂O–BaO–B₂O₃–SiO₂ system has been established, which differ significantly in chemical composition and has colored by ionic dyes, taking into account the structural features of glasses and their acid-basic properties. They has been evaluated by two calculated structural parameters: fSi is the degree of connectivity of the silica framework and Ψв is an indicative index of the coordination state of Boron in the structure of the glass. It had proved that there is a significant correlation between the colors λ and Ψv had proved for glasses colored CuO r * = - 0,83 and CoO r * = - 0,87 and weak – for glasses colored K₂Cr₂O₇, -r * = 0,5; - the patterns of coloring of one glass matrix and enamel coatings on its basis in the system R₂O–BaO–ZnO–Al₂O₃–B₂O₃–TiO₂–SiO₂ by a series of ionic dyes has been founded. Regardless of the content of the dyes, they give the same color tone to the glass and coatings based on these glasses, namely: CuO (1.0–3.0 wt%) λ = 489–494 nm (blue-green), Fe₂O₃ (0.5–2 wt%) λ = 575–585 nm (yellow), K₂Cr₂O₇ (0,5–2.0 wt%) λ = 570–576 nm (yellow-green), CoO (0.5–1.0 wt%) λ = 441–463 nm (blue-violet), NiO (0, 5-1.0 wt.%) λ glass = 559′ – 571 nm, λ coatings = 598–629 nm (brown). It has been proved that in the degree of color intensity of glasses and coatings based on them, the dyes has been arranged in the following sequence: CoO> NiO> CuO> K₂Cr₂O₇ > Fe₂O₃; - for the first time, the mechanism of silencing of transparent matrix enamel glass in R₂O–BaO–ZnO–TiO₂–Al₂O₃–B₂O₃–TiO₂–SiO₂ system with the introduction of MoO₃ has been established, which results in the phenomenon of opalescence, namely: due to diffraction at propagation of waves in micro inhomogeneous medium in which the particle size of molybdenum (VI) oxide is 0.05-0.15 μm less than the wavelength of white light; - for the first time, the dependence of the diffuse reflection coefficient (CDR) of enamel coatings on the chemical composition of enamel frits, obtained by processing the experimental sample 471 of the enamel frit composition by multiple correlation analysis, which is presented in the form of a mathematical model that allows you to calculate the chemical composition of the enamel coatings with a given CDR; the correlation coefficient between experimental and calculated values is 0.98; - using the idea of introducing into any material (glass, pigment, sitall, metal) certain components in a small amount to modify its properties, the following has been first discovered: "small addition" of Fe₂O₃ in the amount of 0.25 wt.% in the composition of lead-free enamel glasses based on the base system Na₂O–BaO–B₂O₃–SiO₂ and 1 wt.% in the composition of fluorless glass enamels based on the basic system Na₂O–B₂O₃–SiO₂ activates the processes of differentiation of the segregation-dropping structure of glass, which allows to increase the intensity of opaque coatings by 1.5–2.5 times, as well as to improve the optical-color characteristics of pigment-colored glass coatings, in particular, red. "Small addition" of ZrO₂ in the amount up to 1 wt.% in the composition of low-fluoride titanium enamel promotes the active release of anatase in the coating during firing and improving its optical characteristics; -with the help of a dedicated COLOR GLASS computer program that automatically calculates color coordinates x y, color tone λ, color purity P, and maps the color characteristics of materials to the СIE graph, it has been first demonstrated that the picture of the location of the color points, first, you can make predictions about the equilibrium that is formed between the ionic coloring complexes during the melting of glass, and secondly, about the color potential of the pigment mixture. - for the first time in the field of technologies requiring high temperatures, the dependences of the color coordinates of the enamel coatings on the composition of the pigment mixture in the form of polynomial mathematical models has been established, which made it possible to solve the complex material-coloristic problem of finding the ratio of pigments to reproduce the color of the sample with the specified color characteristics. The practical significance of the obtained results: - the compositions of enamel glasses for non-ferrous metals, which do not contain Plumbum - one of the most harmful for the environment element, had been developed; the basics of technology of obtaining products with their use had offered. New enamels of a wide range of colors with varying degrees of transparency had been created on the basis of matrix transparent enamel and they had characterized by the same firing interval of 780-820 °C, which makes the technology of obtaining artistic and jewelry easier. Enamels had been tested and recommended for implementation in the production of artistic products in the workshop, which locates in the structure of the Museum of Ukrainian Painting (Dnipro), as well as at the jewelry company, Diadema, Vinnytsia. The enamel coatings palette and their products had presented during a report at the 24th International Congress of Enamels in Chicago in 2018. According to an international agreement between the Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology (Dnipro) and Richemont International SA Varinor SA, Delmont, Switzerland, enamel glass powder and enameled copper samples had been made and handed over to the customer; - a catalog of color samples, which presents the glass base, the number of dyes, opacifiers, reducing agents and the optic-color characteristics of enamel coatings which do not contain Plumbum, has been created. The color name was set in accordance with the color name of the RAL system. The palette of designed enamels of jewelry and artistic purpose includes transparent matrix enamel and 53 colors: yellow-red, blue-green, olive-mustard, pastel and brown-black; - a series of compositions of white and light-colored titanium enamels containing reduced amount of Fluorine, has been developed, also the composition of fluorless frites to obtain brightly colored enamel coatings pigmented way of color, which were fused and passed extensive testing in production conditions factories for the production of enameled household products, has been synthesized. Technological features of production of the enamels offered permits to carry out high-temperature operations of melting at 100oC below the known ones, and firing of coatings – by 30-50 °C, which is very relevant in the era of total saving of fuel and energy resources. Low-fluoride light-colored cream and gray-blue enamels has been introduced at "Novomoskovsk dishes"; - for the first time for the technology of enamel coatings on steel, a method of color modeling has been developed, through which a color triangle-nomogram has been constructed for the production glass base and pigments of yellow, red, blue, by which the required color is specified and the necessary ratio of pigments is calculated. The color modeling method is versatile and can be applied to a wide range of silicate materials: glazed ceramic coatings, colored building materials, and more. The introduction substantiates the relevance of the dissertation topic, formulates the main purpose and objectives of the work, presents the scientific novelty and practical value of the obtained results. The first section provides an analysis of the patent and scientific and technical literature concerning the production of environmentally safe enamels of a wide color range, the current state of production of colored enamels and the control of their color indices, the mechanisms of color of glass and enamels and factors affecting color formation. The second section provides the basic concepts and definitions used in the work, as well as methods for investigating the physicochemical properties and structure of glasses and coatings and their color characteristics. The third section presents studies on the development of environmentally safe enamels for copper and the prediction of their color characteristics. The fourth section presents the results of research on the development of fusible titanium enamel which would meet the requirements of current standards and be burned in resource- and energy-efficient production conditions and be the most environmentally safe for the environment. The fifth section is devoted to the research on the development of enamel frits that do not contain Fluorine and used to produce brightly colored enamel coatings for household products. The sixth section presents the results of the development the color modeling method. Reproduce, and even more so predict, color with predetermined color characteristics is an extremely complex multifaceted material science problem, even if glass and coating formulations, modes of melting and firing are known. In the seventh section the results of industrial testing, realization and implementation of the received materials has been presented.
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Рижова, Ольга Петрівна. "Наукові основи технології кольорових екологічно безпечних склоемалей". Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2020. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/43707.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня доктора технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.17.11 – технологія тугоплавких неметалічних матеріалів, Державний вищий навчальний заклад "Український державний хіміко-технологічний університет", Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут". Дисертацію присвячено науковим основам технології екологічно безпечних склоемалевих покриттів широкої колірної гами для сталі і кольорових металів, розробці принципів регулювання та прогнозування їх кольору. Розроблена спеціальна комп’ютерна програма COLOUR GLASS, яка за визначеними координатами кольору XYZ автоматично розташовує точки кольору на графіку МКО. Отримані емалі ювелірного та художнього призначення на основі стекол системи Na₂O–BaO–B₂O₃–SiO₂. Розроблені малофлуористі білі і світлозабарвлені титанові емалі, безфлуориста основа для пігментного способу забарвлення. Створено метод колірного моделювання, за допомогою якого можна розрахувати співвідношення пігментів для відтворення кольору зразка за заданими колірними характеристиками.<br>Thesis for a Doctor of Science Degree in Specialty 05.17.11 Refractory Non-Metallic Materials Technology, State Higher Educational Institution "Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology", National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute". The dissertation is devoted to development of scientific bases of technology of ecologically safe protective and decorative glass-enamel coatings of wide color scale on steel and non-ferrous metals, making of principles of regulation and prediction of their color. The introduction substantiates the relevance of the dissertation topic, formulates the main purpose and objectives of the work. The first section provides an analysis of the patent and scientific and technical literature. The second section provides the basic concepts and definitions used in the work, methods for investigating the physicochemical properties and structure of glasses and coatings and their color characteristics. The third section presents studies on the development of environmentally safe enamels for copper and the prediction of their color characteristics. The fourth section presents the results of studies on the development of small fluoride titanium enamel with a firing temperature of 830 °C. The fifth section had devoted to scientific bases of technology of fluorless enamel frits for pigment method of coloring. The sixth section has devoted to the development of the color modeling method for reproducing the color of a sample with specified color characteristics. In the seventh section the results of industrial testing, implementation and implementation of the received materials has presented. As a result of the research on the topic of dissertation the following scientific results has obtained: - scientifically substantiated and experimentally proved that the production of lead-free enamel coatings on non-ferrous metals is possible on the basis of the Na₂O–BaO–B₂O₃–SiO₂ glasses, the regions of glass formation has been determined, and the regularities of changes in the properties of glasses depending on their chemical composition has been established; - the main tendencies of change of glasses color tone has established in the Na₂O–BaO–B₂O₃–SiO₂ system, which has colored by ionic dyes given the structural features of the glasses and their acid-base properties; - it has been proved that the degree of color intensity of glasses in the system R₂O –BaO – ZnO – Al₂O₃ – B₂O₃ – TiO₂ – SiO₂ and coatings based on them has been arranged in the following sequence: CoO> NiO> CuO> K₂Cr₂O₇> Fe₂O₃; - for the first time the mechanism of opacifying of transparent matrix enamel glass in the R₂O – BaO – ZnO – TiO₂ – Al₂O₃ – B₂O₃ – TiO₂ – SiO₂ system was introduced when MoO₃ has been established, namely: due to diffraction, which results in the phenomenon of opalescence; - for the first time the dependence of the diffuse reflection coefficient of enamel coatings on the chemical composition of enamel frits has been established, which is presented in the form of a mathematical model; the correlation coefficient between experimental and calculated values is 0.98; - for the first time the mechanism of opacifying of transparent matrix enamel glass in the R₂O – BaO – ZnO – TiO₂ – Al₂O₃ – B₂O₃ – TiO₂ – SiO₂ system was introduced when MoO3 has been established, namely: due to diffraction, which results in the phenomenon of opalescence; - for the first time it has been discovered that Fe₂O₃ "small additive" in the amount of 0.25 wt.% in the composition of lead-free enamel glasses on the basis of the Na₂O – BaO – B₂O₃ – SiO₂ base system and 1 wt. Fe₂O₃ in the composition of fluor-free enamel glasses on the basis of the Na₂O – B₂O₃ – SiO₂ base system activates the processes of glass removal stratification, which allows to increase 1.5-2.5 times the intensity of coating damping; - with the help of a special computer program COLOR GLASS, which automatically calculates the coordinates of the color x, y, the color tone λ, the purity of the color P and applies the color characteristics of the materials to the CIE graph, it has been proved for the first time that the chart of the location of color points can make forecasts about the equilibrium, which formed between ionic coloring complexes during glass melting; - for the first time in the field of technologies requiring high temperatures, the dependences of the color coordinates of enamel coatings on the composition of the pigment mixture in the form of polynomial mathematical models has been established, which allowed to solve the complex material-coloristic problem of finding the ratio of pigments to reproduce the color of the sample with the specified color characteristics. The practical significance of the obtained results: - the compositions of enamel art and jewelry glasses for non-ferrous metals, which do not contain Plumbum, has been developed. They are characterized by the same firing interval of 780-820 °C. A catalog of color samples has created. The palette includes fondon and 53 colors: yellow-red, blue-green, olive-mustard, pastel and brown-black; - a series of compositions of white and light-colored titanium enamels containing reduced amount of Fluorine (up to 2.5 wt.%), has been developed, also the composition of fluorless frites to obtain brightly colored enamel coatings pigmented way of color. Temperature operations of the enamel melting is 100 °C and firing of coatings is 30-50oC below the known ones.
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Bréant, Christian. "Développement de lasers infrarouges accordables de haute pureté spectrale : application à la spectroscopie hyperfine des molécules HF et SF(6)." Paris 13, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA132010.

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Les développements de deux spéctromètres de saturation à ultra-haute résolution dans le domaine infrarouge, l'un dans la région spectrale 9-12 mu m et l'autre accordable de 2,3 a 3,2 mu m sont exposés en detail. La stabilisation en fréquence d'un laser à CO(2) conventionnel ou guide d'ondes au niveau de la dizaine de hertz ainsi que l'obtention d'une stabilité meilleure que 1 khz pour le laser à centres colores soulignent le role cle de ces oscillateurs dans la chaine de raccordement de fréquence de l'horloge à cesium vers le domaine visible. L'étude des interactions hyperfines est presentée dans le cas des molécules diatomiques héteronucleaires (hf) et des toupies spheriques du groupe ponctuel O(h) (sf(6)). Grace a l'enregistrement de structures hyperfines tres bien resolues, de nombreux effets ont etes mis en evidence et interpretes à l'aide du formalisme tensoriel (dans le groupe (l)o(3) x O(h)) en particulier : l'interaction de spin-vibration (bande upsilon (3) de sf(6)), les mélanges d'états de types de symétrie differents (sf(6)), les corrections ro-vibrationnelles à l'interaction de spin-rotation (hf et sf(6)), les structures superhyperfines (sf(6))
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Tunková, Martina. "Městské lázně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215713.

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Hung-YuWang and 王宏宇. "Investigation of mirco-LEDs with high color purity." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mj7c8y.

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Wu, Shi-Lun, and 吳世倫. "Study of high color purity red light for full color flexible organic light-emitting displays." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58690967564371370784.

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碩士<br>南台科技大學<br>電機工程系<br>93<br>Nowadays, there are some situations in the market. For example, FPDs (Flat Panel Displays) has become the trunk stream of the electrical and electronic industry markets. If TFL-LCDs and PDPs can be produced as many as possible with high efficiency, the high price will become the common price. So we can image that FPDs must become the trunk stream in the market of the electrical and electronic industry. But now, most substrates of FPDs are made of glass, so when the size of displays is bigger; the weight will become heavier, then it will burst easily. Now, we had better make the substrates of display by using the flexible materials to replace the glass, then we can reduce the cost. When it comes to the substrate whose material us flexible, now, OEDs (Organic Electroemissive Devices)is the most potential. And compared with other developed displays, organic light-emitting display has some advantages, such as high power efficiency, high brightness, fast response time, and full viewing angle. Besides, it is light, thin and having a big size of dimension. In addition, it can be flexible. Because of these advantages, organic light-emitting displays will replace those FPDs, and become more popular tendency. Since organic light-emitting devices have been developed, the substrate of organic light-emitting devices, which is made of glass is with some emissive light, including green, blue and red. The radiating efficiency of green light is the best; the other ones are minor. Besides, we can make full color organic light-emitting displays, but we can’t do anything because of the restriction of the glass. Nevertheless, we have a project to make the substrate, which is made of flexible materials. By using the radiating way of Host-Guest system, various concentrations quenching result from different guest concentration, we do the studying of parameters, And then we are able to make the fluorescent red light with better efficiency of the primary colors, RGB, and analyze the completing brightness, operating voltage, operating electric current, and outer quantum. Now, our team is able to make the green light of organic light-emitting devices whose material could be flexible. In addition, we are doing some study about the blue light. Now, in order to achieve the goal that is about the flexible organic light-emitting displays, the red light of flexible organic light-emitting device is the important point that we should develop.
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Ying-NanLai and 賴英男. "Study of High Efficiency and High Color Purity Organic Light-Emitting Diode." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78615533456687222956.

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博士<br>國立成功大學<br>微電子工程研究所碩博士班<br>99<br>This dissertation presents various organic light-emitting diode (OLED) structures with high efficiency and high color purity, including those with bottom-emission white light, top-emission green light, and top-emission white light. In the design of a white light device, TBADN is used as the blue host and rubrene is used as the yellow dopant. Alq3 is used as the green host, doped with C545T fluorescent material, to obtain a high-performance green light device. The carriers do not recombine effectively in the emission layer because the HOMO energy level of the blue host (TBADN) is almost the same as that of the electron transporting layer (Alq3). The emission layer is divided into two layers by another thin Alq3 layer, and a hole-blocking layer (BCP) is inserted between the emission layer and the electron transporting layer. The current efficiency of white light device was thus improved from 4.26 cd/A to 5.44 cd/A. However, the yellow emission of the device is enhanced by the small energy barrier of LUMO between BCP and rubrene, affecting the color purity of the white light device. The emission layer is divided into a doped layer and an undoped layer, and the experimental results reveal that the color purity of white light is significantly improved. The TBADN and rubrene are also used for top-emission white-OLEDs with the device structure Ag(200 nm)/NPB(40 nm)/TBADN(13 nm)/TBADN: (0.5%)rubrene (9 nm)/TBADN(11 nm)/Alq3(1 nm)/BCP(3 nm)/TBADN(30 nm) /BCP(5 nm)/Alq3(4 nm)/LiF(1 nm)Ag(20 nm)/NPB(40 nm). Since TBADN has low efficiency and the Ag film has low transparency to blue emission, three blue-emitting layers of different thickness and a hole-blocking layer are applied to enhance the blue emission in this work. The CIE coordinate of the device at 5 V indicates that it has high color purity. To fabricate a top-emission device, Ag was used as the anode and two methods of oxidation were utilized to treat the Ag surface. They were the UV-ozone method and PECVD. The work function of Ag increases with the period of exposure in UV-ozone treatment. However, such treatment also increases the sheet resistance and degrades the surface reflectance. The optimal exposure time was around 3 minutes in the experiment performed in this study. However, the performance of an OLED device that has undergone PECVD treatment is determined by the operating power and the oxidation time. The optimal conditions were 2 W for 6 minutes in the experiment herein. In the fabrication a top-emission OLED, C545T, which has high quantum efficiency, was doped into an Alq3 host and a 2nm-thick hole-blocking layer (BCP) was used deposited on the host. The LUMO of BCP is close to that of C545T and hence increasing the C545T emission and device efficiency. The current efficiency of the green-OLED is improved from 5.19 cd/A to 19.43 cd/A under a 1% doping concentration. The current efficiency of a top-emission white-OLED is improved from 0.56 cd/A to 1.08 cd/A using Ag-anode oxidation. The CIE coordinate of the device at 5 V is (0.35, 0.33), indicating the good color purity of the white-OLED.
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Liu, Chia-Hua, and 劉佳樺. "Study of narrow-band-pass filters for high-color-purity LED applications." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17483479823176699499.

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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>材料科學與工程學系<br>96<br>The main objective of this thesis is to study on how to improve the color-purity of LEDs, design and develop the optical filter to apply on RGB LEDs. Using measuring equipments to measure the spectrum and check the effects of improving the color-purity of LEDs. And estimating the effects on color gamut after improving the color-purity of LEDs by check the space on the CIE chromaticity coordinates. The standard color of space that had been approved by the National Television System Committee (NTSC) is used as the reference and defined as 100%. About the FWHM (Full Width Half Maximum) of Green light is too wide and there is mixed-zone between blue and green light in the RGB LEDs spectrum, we design green light narrow band-pass filter, mixed-zone band-stop filter and RGB narrow band-pass filter by optical design software. And we use the materials of TiO2 and SiO2 to make the filter film by thin film evaporation equipment. From the experiment, we have found the results as following: 1. The RGB-narrow-band-pass-filter is the best one for improving the LED color purity, and the 0.4mm-glass is the best substrate. 2. The FWHM of red, green and blue light were decreasing under 17nm in axial light measurement after RGB-narrow-band-pass-filter apply on LEDs, and the range of color gamut was increasing from 118.41% to 132.56% according to NTSC standard. 3. The limitation of this study is that the filters in our experiments can not be effective for lateral light because of the light leaking from cross-section of LED chip and the different incident angle of light.
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Yun, Chen, and 陳筠. "A study on structural color and sensor applications from commercial low-purity aluminums." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a526d4.

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Wang, Chien-Hsiung, and 王建雄. "The Study of High Brightness and Color Purity White light Organic Light-Emitting Diodes." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qwgp5b.

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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>光電工程研究所<br>96<br>We have fabricated a high brightness and color purity white light organic light emitting diode based on a multi-emission-layer. There were several methods to achieve white light OLEDs, including multi-emission- layer device, single emission layer device, and so on. We use RGB triple -emission-layer device to obtain white light, because its EL spectrum is broader than that of the dual-emission-layer device. Frequent problems that showed be faced in a multi-layer structure are the complicate device structure and the color various with different operation voltage. Our work includes five parts. First, we optimized the red light device by controlling the concentration of DCJTB with the configuration of ITO/NPB/Alq3: DCJTB/Alq3/LiF/Al. Second, we optimized the blue light device by controlling the concentration of TC-1753 based on a device structure of ITO/ NPB/ TC-1558: TC-1753/ Alq3/ LiF/ Al. Third, we fabricated green light device by using TPB3 as an emission layer with the configuration of ITO/NPB/TPB3/Alq3/LiF/Al. Then we optimized the dual-emission-layer white light OLED by adjusting the thickness of blue and red emission layers. Finally, we added a green emission layer into the dual emission layer device with the device structure of ITO(1300Å)/NPB(500Å)/ TPB3(500-2xÅ)/ TC-1558(xÅ): TC-1753(2%)/ Alq3(xÅ): DCJTB(2%)/ Alq3(350Å)/ LiF(8Å)/Al(2000Å). By controlling the thickness of each emission layer, a stable white OLED was achieved. The thickness of emission layer were TPB3(200Å)/ TC-1558(150Å):TC-1753(2%)/ Alq3(150Å):DCJTB(2%). The maximum luminance reached 48200 cd/m2 at 13.5V, the maximum current efficiency and power efficiency were 4.06 cd/A at 13V and 1.9 lm/W at 20mA/cm2, respectively. The CIE coordinate varied from (0.339, 0.317) to (0.339, 0.327) with an applied voltage from 9V to 13.5V. We have overcome the problem of instable color purity which was the critical disadvantage of multi-emission-layer white light OLEDs. Our study performed a high brightness and color purity white light device.
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Books on the topic "Color purity"

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Anderson, Richard. Cleanse & purify thyself. 2nd ed. Christobe Pub., 2002.

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Anderson, Richard. Cleanse & purify thyself. 4th ed. distributed by Health Freedom Resources, 1994.

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Heer, Jan de. The architectonic colour: Polychromy in the purist architecture of Le Corbusier. 010 Publishers, 2009.

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The color of pure: A story of life, love, and sexual purity, rated PG-13. LJB Communications, 2013.

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Plan, Simplify. Subliminal Notebook - White the Color of Perfection, Purity, Innocence, New Beginnings: Useful Color Meaning, Unlined/ Blank Cozy Journal, White Planner for Openness, Tranquillity White Planner. Lulu Press, Inc., 2020.

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Richard, Anderson, ed. Cleanse & purify thyself. Triumph Business Trust, 1998.

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Golden, Tina. Purely Patterns: 30 Delightful Designs to Color. Independently Published, 2019.

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Gilley, Jennifer. Feminist Publishing/Publishing Feminism. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039805.003.0002.

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This chapter explores two case studies that each illustrate an attempt to infuse feminist politics into the economically driven apparatus of book publishing: Sisterhood Is Powerful (1970) and This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color (1981). Exploring the publication history of Sisterhood Is Powerful provides a landmark case study of feminist experimentation in publishing that was inevitably fraught with controversy due to the ideological struggles of the time over economic and political “purity.” This Bridge Called My Back was published under an unusual type of contract in which contributors, rather than receiving a one-time payment at the beginning, would continue to receive payments for every ten thousand copies sold. Overall, these studies show the variety of ways in which feminists tried to get around the “taint” of publishing's relationship to the power structure in order to enact a feminist sensibility not just in the content of their writing but also in its production and dissemination.
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Stevenson, Jane. Whiteness. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808770.003.0010.

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The colour white was central to twenties aesthetics. Modernists associated it with purity, rigour, and absence of decoration: plain white privileges volume over surfaces. Modern baroque decorators used whiteness differently, to unify eclectically sourced objects. Their ‘amusing’ use of white combined multiple shades of near-white in different textures to create sophisticated effects. But, like the modernists, baroque decorators were more interested in shape than colour.
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Ott, Walter. Descartes, Malebranche, and the Crisis of Perception. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791713.001.0001.

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The seventeenth century witnesses the demise of two core doctrines in the theory of perception: naïve realism about color, sound, and other sensible qualities and the empirical theory, drawn from Alhacen and Roger Bacon, that underwrote it. Ejecting such sensible qualities from the mind-independent world at once makes for a cleaner ontology, since bodies can now be understood in purely geometrical terms, and spawns a variety of fascinating complications for the philosophy of perception. If sensible qualities are not part of the mind-independent world, just what are they, and what role, if any, do they play in our cognitive economy? We seemingly have to use color to visually experience objects. Do we do so by inferring size, shape, and motion from color? Or is it a purely automatic operation, accomplished by divine decree? This book traces the debate over perceptual experience in early modern France, covering such figures as Antoine Arnauld, Robert Desgabets, and Pierre-Sylvain Régis alongside their better-known countrymen René Descartes and Nicolas Malebranche.
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Book chapters on the topic "Color purity"

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Schanda, János. "CIE Chromaticity Diagrams, CIE Purity, CIE Dominant Wavelength." In Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27851-8_325-1.

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Schanda, János. "CIE Chromaticity Diagrams, CIE Purity, CIE Dominant Wavelength." In Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89862-5_325.

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Schanda, János. "CIE Chromaticity Diagrams, CIE Purity, CIE Dominant Wavelength." In Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology. Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8071-7_325.

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Yan, Xiaomei, Jinxing Wang, Shuangxi Liu, and Chunqing Zhang. "Purity Identification of Maize Seed Based on Color Characteristics." In Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture IV. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18354-6_73.

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ten Have, Henk. "5. Color and Bioethics." In Color, Healthcare and Bioethics. Open Book Publishers, 2025. https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0443.05.

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This chapter elaborates the connections between colors and bioethics. Colors have often been associated with normative judgments. In Medieval moral theology colors represent the seven deadly sins. Color historians argue that the Protestant Reformation introduced a moralistic approach to colors in public life, distinguishing worthy from unworthy colors. That colors have a moral value is clear in the hierarchy which many societies apply to colors. Cultures often oppose colors with white, regarded as colorless. White is associated with innocence and purity, cleanliness and hygiene. The moral value of colors is furthermore evident in their use to articulate social divisions and distinctions. In the past, numerous societies had color codes and stringent regulations for the application of color in public life. Social classes are indicated by the colors that they are allowed to use for their clothing. But this moral value of colors has become problematic when it is applied to people themselves. Johann Blumenbach in the 1770s distinguished five varieties of the human species (‘races’) according to skin color: Ethiopean (black), Caucasian (white), Mongolian (yellow), Malaysian (brown) and Amerindian (red). Colors are different because of geographical factors such as climate. Blumenbach opposed any hierarchy among the varieties, rejecting the idea that some are superior and others inferior. Nonetheless, this is exactly how his ideas were interpreted and elaborated in theories of scientific racism. In classifications of people, skin color was associated with character and moral worth. Particularly black was connected to evil and negativity, while white people were believed to be superior. The pervasiveness of moral associations of white and black has now become a major topic of concern in ethical debate. Since it is an imperative in health care ethics to prevent harm to patients, racism and the concept of race should be the focus of bioethics. That requires an analysis of the contextual and structural dimensions of health and diseases, and also an awareness that all subjects of bioethical inquiry are racialized. It is suggested that bioethics itself, as it has emerged as a new discipline since the 1970s, is based on an underlying principle of white supremacy, i.e. the idea that White lives are of greater value than colored lives. The theoretical framework of bioethics with respect of autonomy, consent, transparency and risk assessment presupposes individual citizens who are independent and free to make decisions ignoring mostly non-white people who are disadvantaged and vulnerable because of social, economic, and environmental conditions. In these analyses, white is usually not considered as a color itself so that White people become invisible as a racial group. The result is that the concept of race is only applied to non-white people, while Whites are regarded as a social group which is neutral in race relations, and which is also the norm from which deviations are assessed. White is then equated with being human, and the embodiment of universality. This is reflected in the practice of ‘race norming’, i.e. the adjustment of test scores to account for the race of people who were tested. The assumption is that the physiology of White bodies is the norm and that outcomes for colored bodies need to be corrected because their physiological capacities are less.
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ten Have, Henk. "4. Color and Healthcare." In Color, Healthcare and Bioethics. Open Book Publishers, 2025. https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0443.04.

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This chapter discusses the significance of colors in the context of healthcare. While contemporary medicine is regarded as an objective and scientific enterprise, color plays a special role in healthcare activities. For a long time, diagnostic means were limited and doctors relied on inspection and observation to clarify the complaints of patients. Even today, medical students are taught to take a medical history and perform a physical examination. This involves first of all a systematic inspection of the body of the patient, and its various parts. Colors of the body such as redness, cyanosis, jaundice, and pallor may give clues for possible diagnoses. Excretions may have various colors, indicative for specific problems. The theoretical framework of the four humors that dominated medical thinking and practice was for a long time based on colored substances, viz. blood (red), black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm (white). This is reflected in the naming of diseases (e.g. scarlet fever and rubella), recognizable because of typical coloring. Many efforts have been invested in examining the effect of color on medication. This is not surprising since in the past many pigments were used for painting and coloring objects but also as drugs for a variety of ailments. The search for new synthetic dyes in the 19th century was a major catalyst of the emergence of the pharmaceutical industry. Many companies were initially focused on chemically manufacturing new pigments, discovering in the process that they were efficient as therapeutical agents. The belief in the healing powers of colors has stimulated chromotherapy. When colors are a physical phenomenon, it can be supposed that each color has a specific wavelength and thus vibration which is affecting the body and specifically its chemical constitution. Physician and scientist Niels Finsen is regarded as the father of modern phototherapy, using light radiation for the treatment of diseases and arguing that certain wavelengths of light have beneficial effects. He used for example red light to treat smallpox. Phototherapy is now commonly used for babies with excess of bilirubin. Another application of colors in healthcare is within the environment of patients. The rationale is that the interior design of hospitals and other healthcare facilities should contribute to the recovery process of patients and to enhance the well-being of all users of these facilities. Colors may contribute to the positive experience of these surroundings. The most common color in hospitals used to be ‘hospital green’, also called ‘spinach green,’ first invented and applied during the first World War. Before that time, hospitals and clinics were mostly painted white since that color was associated with cleanliness and purity. Also the uniforms of healthcare workers used to be white. Surgeons however found white too bright, and too contrasted to the color of blood. It reduced their ability to discriminate anatomical features in the operating theatre. Spinach green worked much better, and brought the eyes to rest, facilitating concentration on the details of the intervention.
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Yukselici, Mehmet Hikmet, M. K. Torun, Asuman A. Bozkurt, et al. "II-VI Semiconductor Quantum Dots: The Evolution of Color Purity with Structure." In Topics in Applied Physics. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93460-6_5.

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Lameris, Bregt. "Coda." In Feeling Colour. Open Book Publishers, 2025. https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0380.12.

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A Coda called Hallucinating Colours takes the reader one step further into the spectator’s interior—that is, inside the brain—by discussing the phenomenon of purely subjective colours, their contextual background and their representation in films. In this closing chapter, that has its foundations in my article, ‘Hallucinating Colours. Psychedelic Film, Technology, Aesthetics and Affect’ (2019), I openly follow the Braudel-induced categorisation of historical time that is present throughout the entire book in less explicit ways. This shows once more the efficacy of the methodology, based on cultural history and the history of emotions, and rounds up the study of how colours and feeling interrelated in films of the 1950s and 1960s.
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Camici, M., M. Turriani, G. Turchi, et al. "Cytotoxicity of Deoxycoformycin on Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Lines." In Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism in Man VIII. Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2584-4_58.

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Prieto, Consuelo, and Teresa Berrocal. "Ultrasound Imaging and Colour Doppler Studies in Familial Nephropathy Associated with Hyperuricemia (FNAH)." In Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism in Man VIII. Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2584-4_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Color purity"

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Huang, Wei-Ta, Tzu-Yi Lee, Wen-Chien Miao, et al. "Improved Color Purity with Red-Green-Yellow Quantum Dots and Blue Resonant Cavity Micro-LEDs for High-Resolution Full Color Displays." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2024.jth2a.203.

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Our research presents a 12 μm RC-μ-LED design using quantum dots for vibrant, full-color displays, overcoming InGaN RGB micro-LEDs' limitations and offering high resolution, brightness, and color accuracy for advanced digital applications.
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Lin, Ya, XinYu Zhang, Yi Ran Chen, et al. "Reflective full-color structural colors with high brightness and high purity based on phase-change materials with high refractive index and high extinction coefficient." In Display and Optical Storage. SPIE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3047925.

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Spicer, Colton, John Wegand, Cameron Miller, Sumathi Gulati, James Tagert, and Bruce N. Nelson. "Development and Assessment of Environmentally-Friendly Corrosion Stain Remover for Navy Topside Coatings." In CORROSION 2017. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-09488.

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Abstract The presence of rust staining on surface ship topside and freeboard areas has been a continuing cosmetic problem for the U.S. Naval Fleet. In an effort to maintain the appearance of a well maintained ship, the U.S. Navy is estimated to expend more than $1.0M annually on silicone alkyd topside coatings, governed by Navy specification MIL-PRF-24635, purely for cosmetic over-coating purposes.1 With the introduction of polysiloxane topside coatings, cleaning becomes a viable and more cost effective alternative to aesthetic re-coating due to polysiloxane’s cleanability, toughness, superior color retention, gloss retention, and service life compared to the current silicone alkyd coatings. An effort was executed, to leverage the inherent benefits of polysiloxane coatings, to investigate, to assess or develop, and to implement an effective corrosion stain remover in the Navy with the focus of reducing both maintenance costs and time. Novel evaluation techniques were developed to accurately detect and quantify the performance of stain removers on polysiloxane coatings in both laboratory and shipboard tests. Lessons learned during field demonstrations were used to create, develop, and implement polysiloxane cleaning processes for Ship’s Force to follow with assistance from the U.S. Navy Corrosion Control Assistance Team. Recent shipboard demonstrations have proven that significant cost avoidance can be realized through a reduction in maintenance time, annual maintenance costs, topside weight, and hazardous waste. The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) intends to reduce the impact on maintenance by eliminating and overcoming the cosmetic overcoat paradigm through this effort, allowing the Navy to realize the projected extended service life from the polysiloxane topside coatings.
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Kus, Slawomir, Sridhar Srinivasan, Violetta Kozik, Andrzej Bak, and Paulina Dybal. "On-line, Real Time Electrochemical Corrosion Monitoring in Low Conductivity Fluids – Sulfolane Aromatic Extraction – Part 2." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-13153.

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Abstract On-line, real time corrosion monitoring in processes featuring low conductivity fluids akin to sulfolane aromatic extraction, have represented a challenge for traditional electrochemical techniques. Sulfolane specific conductance that is typically about 5μS/cm disables proper determination of corrosion current with standard Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR) technology. Other electrochemical techniques such as Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) or Zero Resistance Ammetry (ZRA) that are capable to measure corrosion in low conductive fluids are useful mostly in laboratory practice, but offer little or no utility for field application. Therefore, corrosion processes in sulfolane units are mostly monitored by time-lagging techniques like electrical resistance (ER) and corrosion coupons or by purely qualitative approaches utilizing sulfolane color as the “corrosivity indicator”. The authors’ earlier work on multi-electrochemical, industrial corrosion monitoring technique integrating impedance measurement, Electrochemical Noise (ECN) and Harmonic Distortion Analysis showed demonstrable efficacy in fast and accurate determination of instantaneous corrosion rate in low-conductivity sulfolane solutions. Initial data showed that properly adjusted surface area of the electrode facilitates attainment of stable corrosion trends in sulfolane solutions at conductance of about 2-5 μS/cm. Rapid response of the sensor to process changes (temperature, oxygen, water), in both general and localized modes, was also observed. The current paper provides additional data and insights from the authors’ continuing research on sulfolane corrosivity utilizing industrial-type corrosion sensors. Results from comprehensive evaluation of the impact of aqueous phase as well as other relevant process parameters on general and localized corrosion of ferrous metallurgy in sulfolane fluid are presented in this paper.
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Novikov, Valeriy, Tulio Brito Brasil, Hugo Kerdoncuff, Mikael Lassen, and Eugene Polzik. "Two-color high-purity entanglement." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2022.jw3b.131.

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We report continuous variable entanglement between light modes of different colors (852nm and 1064nm). Entanglement is demonstrated from radio-frequency down to the acoustic frequency range. The high-purity state violates the separability limit by -7.5 dB.
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de Mattiello, M. L. F. "Interaction Between Saturation and Lightness of Pigmented Samples." In Color Appearance. Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ca.1987.ma4.

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It is known that saturation and lightness are interdependent dimensions of colored surfaces. In the present study we are attempting to describe the interaction between those two variables in quantitative terms. We have noticed before (1,2) that when comparing samples of the same hue and colorimetric purity (Pc) but different reflectance (R), the observers (Os) assigned different values of saturation whether the hue were mixed with white or black. Also the discrimination of chromatic lightness varied in a different manner for high levels of reflectance as compared with lower levels. Our main concern in this work is to examine more closely these effects by dividing each chromatic continuum in two ranges of reflectance: one where samples move from pigment to white (P+W) and the other, ranging from pigment to black (P+B).
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Li, Jinwen. "High color purity blue phosphorescent organic lighting emitting devices." In 2013 International Conference on Materials for Renewable Energy and Environment (ICMREE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmree.2013.6893761.

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Zhang, Zichen, Sha Liu, and Weiyi Li. "How Does Color Matching of Web-based Courseware Affect Learners' Satisfaction." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002418.

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More and more network teaching activities make the visual design of multimedia courseware become more and more important. As the main means and tools of auxiliary teaching, multimedia courseware carries a large amount of information, and because of the important influence of color on the audience's attention, recognition, pleasure and other aspects, it is particularly important to choose the right color and collocation of courseware. This paper discusses the influence of different combinations of courseware background color and text color on audience satisfaction in multimedia network teaching. In this experiment, 56 undergraduates were tested by scale, and the hue, lightness, purity and text color of background color were taken as experimental variables. Firstly, taking the hue of the background color as the independent variable, the experiments are carried out when the text color is black and white respectively. Then, in accordance with the same method, the purity and brightness of background color were taken as independent variables respectively, and the experimental data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, fitting curve, paired sample T test and other methods. The results showed that :(1) different background colors had significant influence on viewers' satisfaction (P&lt; 0.05), and due to different text colors (black and white), audience satisfaction is different. Among them, when the text color is black, under different hue background, the audience's satisfaction is ranked from high to the bottom: orange, yellow-green, green, blue-green; When the text color is white, blue, bluish purple are preferred. In addition, the greater the difference between background color and text color, the clearer the visual presentation of content and the higher the satisfaction (P&lt; 0.05). (2) Under the change of brightness of different background colors, viewers' satisfaction also showed significant difference (P&lt; 0.05), the higher the brightness of background color, the higher the satisfaction degree, showing an exponential relationship basically. (3) There was no significant difference in viewer satisfaction between different background colors (P&gt; 0.05). The result of this study, through the data, provides the basis for the color design of network multimedia courseware, which is beneficial to improve the learning experience of the audience in the network teaching.
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Bohren, Craig F. "On the Gamut of Colors Seen In Airplane Windows." In Light and Color in the Open Air. Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lcoa.1990.thb3.

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The colored patterns seen when airplane windows are viewed through polarizing filters have been commented upon many times (see e.g., [1,2]). Yet the gamut of colors seems not to have received quantitative treatment. Are all colors equally likely and of equal purity? I address these questions in this paper, a technical version of a popular article [3].
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Xiaoxiong, Wang, Wu Jinchun, and Wang Haiyan. "The influence of color on web page complexity and color recommendation." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001721.

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The complexity of a web page has a great influence on the user's understanding and comprehension. There are many factors that can affect page complexity, such as color, block number, number of texts, etc. Color is not only a factor that affects complexity, but also a factor that attracts the user's attention most on the page. Previous studies on color mainly focused on the basic attributes, such as hue, purity and brightness. However, there were few studies that utilized quantitative calculation methods to evaluate color complexity and webpage color matching calculation. Thus, the present study is set out to explore the impact of colors on page complexity, considering three main factors: the number of colors, color area and color ranges. In order to determine the upper limit of the number of colors for page complexity, a polit study was carried out using webpages as an example, then experiment was conducted within this number of colors to explore the most comfortable color area and color distance matching. The result revealed that: If the number of color is less than six, it will not feel very complicated. The average color area value of the entire web page should vary between 200-1100 pixels (assuming the area of each pixel is 1), the recommended color range is between 0.5-1. Finally, we proposed a page complexity calculation formula including the above three elements which are used as independent variables to calculate the page complexity value. Color matching of webpage can be recommended within this range. The complexity of the matching page obtained in this way is relatively moderate, and it looks comfortable and concise for users. The formula of this article can evaluate the complexity of existing pages, certainly it can also be utilized to develop a set of color complexity calculation model.
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Reports on the topic "Color purity"

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Chamovitz, Daniel A., and Xing-Wang Deng. Developmental Regulation and Light Signal Transduction in Plants: The Fus5 Subunit of the Cop9 Signalosome. United States Department of Agriculture, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586531.bard.

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Plants adjust their growth and development in a manner optimal for the prevailing light conditions. The molecular mechanisms by which light signals are transduced and integrated with other environmental and developmental signals are an area of intense research. (Batschauer, 1999; Quail, 2002) One paradigm emerging from this work is the interconnectedness of discrete physiological responses at the biochemical level, for instance, between auxin and light signaling (Colon-Carmona et al., 2000; Schwechheimer and Deng, 2001; Tian and Reed, 1999) and between light signaling and plant pathogen interactions (Azevedo et al., 2002; Liu et al., 2002). The COP9 signalosome (CSN) protein complex has a central role in the light control of plant development. Arabidopsis mutants that lack this complex develop photomorphogenically even in the absence of light signals (reviewed in (Karniol and Chamovitz, 2000; Schwechheimer and Deng, 2001). Thus the CSN was hypothesized to be a master repressor of photomorphogenesis in darkness, and light acts to bypass or eliminate this repression. However, the CSN regulates more than just photomorphogenesis as all mutants lacking this complex die near the end of seedling development. Moreover, an essentially identical complex was subsequently discovered in animals and yeast, organisms whose development is not light responsive, exemplifying how plant science can lead the way to exciting discoveries in biomedical model species (Chamovitz and Deng, 1995; Freilich et al., 1999; Maytal-Kivity et al., 2002; Mundt et al., 1999; Seeger et al., 1998; Wei et al., 1998). Our long-term objective is to determine mechanistically how the CSN controls plant development. We previously that this complex contains eight subunits (Karniol et al., 1998; Serino et al., 1999) and that the 27 ilia subunit is encoded by the FUS5/CSN7 locus (Karniol et al., 1999). The CSN7 subunit also has a role extraneous to the COP9 signalosome, and differential kinase activity has been implicated in regulating CSN7 and the COP9 signalosome (Karniol et al., 1999). In the present research, we further analyzed CSN7, both in terms of interacting proteins and in terms of kinases that act on CSN7. Furthermore we completed our analysis of the CSN in Arabidopsis by analyzing the remaining subunits. Outline of Original Objectives and Subsequent Modifications The general goal of the proposed research was to study the CSN7 (FUS5) subunit of the COP9 signalosome. To this end we specifically intended to: 1. Identify the residues of CSN7 that are phosphorylated. 2. Monitor the phosphorylation of CSN7 under different environmental conditions and under different genetic backgrounds. 3. Generate transgenic plants with altered CSN7 phosphorylation sites. 4. Purify CSN7 kinase from cauliflower. 5. Clone the Arabidopsis cDNA encoding CSN7 kinase 6. Isolate and characterize additional CSN7 interacting proteins. 7. Characterize the interaction of CSN7 and the COP9 signalosome with the HY5-COP1 transcriptional complex. Throughout the course of the research, emphasis shifted from studying CSN7 phosphorylation (Goals 1-3), to studying the CSN7 kinase (Goal 4 and 5), an in depth analysis of CSN7 interactions (Goal 6), and the study of additional CSN subunits. Goal 7 was also abandoned as no data was found to support this interaction.
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