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Journal articles on the topic 'Colorimetry Angles (Geometry) Materials'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Ma, Qing. "X-ray Scattering Studies of amorphous thin film materials." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314091402.

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In light of advances in detector technology, we revisit wide angle x-ray scattering techniques and their application to amorphous thin films that are of technological importance. For thin film materials the asymmetrical reflection geometry is employed to avoid the substrate signals. Incident x-ray angles are typically set close to the critical angles. There are various complications related to this geometry, in particular, raw scattering patterns being distorted. In addition, because these materials are typically weak scatterers due to disorder, increased data collection efficiency is always d

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2

Legait, Benoît, and Pierre Sourieau. "Effect of geometry on advancing contact angles in fine capillaries." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 107, no. 1 (1985): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(85)90144-4.

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3

Skalon, Mateusz, Benjamin Meier, Andreas Gruberbauer, Sergio de Traglia Amancio-Filho, and Christof Sommitsch. "Stability of a Melt Pool during 3D-Printing of an Unsupported Steel Component and Its Influence on Roughness." Materials 13, no. 3 (2020): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030808.

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The following work presents the results of an investigation of the cause–effect relationship between the stability of a melt pool and the roughness of an inclined, unsupported steel surface that was 3D-printed using the laser powder bed fusion (PBF-L/M) process. In order to observe the balling effect and decrease in surface quality, the samples were printed with no supporting structures placed on the downskin. The stability of the melt pool was investigated as a function of both the inclination angle and along the length of the melt pool. Single-track cross-sections were described by shape par

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4

Shi, Longqing, and Dongjing Xu. "Effects of Flaw Geometry on the Fracturing Behavior of Rock-Like Materials Containing Two Arch-Like Parallelogram Flaws." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (December 5, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4814506.

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To increase understanding of the strength and failure mechanism of rocks with arch-like fractures generated in the overlying strata above a gob during coal mining, a series of uniaxial compression tests on rock-like specimens containing two preexisting parallelogram flaws at inclination angles varying from 45° to 75° were made using a rock mechanics servocontrolled testing system. Based on the experimental results, the effects of the inclination angles of two flaws having the same area on the mechanical parameters and fracturing process of the specimens were analyzed in detail. By adopting pho

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5

Guidoni, G. M., L. H. He, T. Schöberl, I. Jäger, G. Dehm, and M. V. Swain. "Influence of the indenter tip geometry and environment on the indentation modulus of enamel." Journal of Materials Research 24, no. 3 (2009): 616–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0110.

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The aim of the investigation was to study the influence of indenter tip geometry on the conventionally obtained indentation modulus of enamel by nanoindentation. Indentation tests on bovine enamel using three different diamond pyramidal indenters with half face angles 65.27°, 45°, and 35.26° were conducted to evaluate the indentation modulus using the Oliver–Pharr method [W.C. Oliver and G.M. Pharr, J. Mater. Res.7, 1564 (1992)]. In addition, three different dehydration conditions were studied: wet under Hank's balanced salt solution, laboratory dried, and vacuum dehydrated. For the Berkovich

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6

Rollett, A. D., C. C. Yang, W. W. Mullins, et al. "Extraction of Grain Boundary Energies from Triple Junction Geometry." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (1999): 230–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600014471.

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Measurement of the geometry of triple junctions between grain boundaries in polycrystalline materials is used to generate large sets of dihedral angles from which maps of the grain boundary energy are extracted. A preliminary analysis has been performed for samples of magnesia and aluminum based on a three-parameter description of grain boundaries. An extended form of orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) was used to measure both triple junction geometry via image analysis in the SEM and local grain orientation via electron back scatter diffraction. Serial sectioning with registry of both in-pl

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7

Heinrich, S. M., P. E. Liedtke, N. J. Nigro, A. F. Elkouh, and P. S. Lee. "Effect of Chip and Pad Geometry on Solder Joint Formation in SMT." Journal of Electronic Packaging 115, no. 4 (1993): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2909353.

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An analytical model of solder joint formation during a surface mount reflow process is developed for two-dimensional fillets whose flow may be restricted due to “finite” metallizations on a leadless component and the printed circuit board. Although these height and length constraints on the fillet geometry may result in obtuse contact angles, the solution is obtained in the form of an explicit integral, similar to that previously derived by the authors for the case of acute contact angles. This solution may also be recast into the form of elliptic integrals of the first and second kinds, there

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8

Damghani, Mahdi, Jerzy Bakunowicz, and Adrian Murphy. "Understanding the influence of laminate stacking sequence on strain/stress concentrations in thin laminates at repair holes with large scarf angles." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 28-30 (2019): 4273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319855772.

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Scarf repair is widely used in the restoration of structural performance of damaged aircraft secondary structures. Such repairs result in reduced thickness sections which are significantly larger than those associated with typical fastener holes. Significant literature exists on the distribution of strain/stress concentration in fastener hole geometries, both straight sided and countersunk, but is lacking for the geometries associated with shallow scarf angles and thin laminates. Hence, herein three-dimensional finite element models are developed to understand the influence of stacking sequenc

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9

Kaduk, James A. "Chemical reasonableness in Rietveld analysis; organics." Powder Diffraction 22, no. 1 (2007): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.2464129.

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We know a lot about normal values of bond distances, bond angles, torsion angles, and other molecular parameters. This knowledge can be incorporated into the structure solution process and into Rietveld refinement through the use of restraints and rigid bodies. An important measure of the quality of the refined model is the chemical reasonableness of molecular geometry. Refinement of the structures of calcium tartrate tetrahydrate and guaifenesin is used to illustrate the importance of chemical reasonableness in determining the quality of a Rietveld refinement.

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10

Reischig, Péter, Andrew King, Laura Nervo, et al. "Advances in X-ray diffraction contrast tomography: flexibility in the setup geometry and application to multiphase materials." Journal of Applied Crystallography 46, no. 2 (2013): 297–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889813002604.

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Diffraction contrast tomography is a near-field diffraction-based imaging technique that provides high-resolution grain maps of polycrystalline materials simultaneously with the orientation and average elastic strain tensor components of the individual grains with an accuracy of a few times 10−4. Recent improvements that have been introduced into the data analysis are described. The ability to process data from arbitrary detector positions allows for optimization of the experimental setup for higher spatial or strain resolution, including high Bragg angles (0 < 2θ < 180°). The geometry r

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11

Meekisho, L. L., and K. Nelson-Owusu. "Optimum Gullwing Fillet Solder Joint Under Thermomechanical Forces." Journal of Electronic Packaging 126, no. 1 (2004): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1646429.

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The final shape of a solidified solder fillet joint from a reflow process is determined by process parameters and the solder alloy’s physical properties, including surface tension, density, gravity, and wetting angles. This work investigates the influence of surface tension at the solder-atmosphere interface; gravitational effects on the solder, and the influence of wetting angles on the mechanical response of the solder joint when subjected to thermomechanical loads. The predicted optimum fillet shape with minimum fillet area corresponded to the case where the ratio of gravity-to-surface tens

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12

Fessler, H., T. H. Hyde, and W. Sun. "Effect of Reduction of Payload on Stability During Tipping of Granular Materials." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 207, no. 4 (1993): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1993_207_191_02.

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Experiments have been carried out with an open-ended box representing the body of a tipping truck during emptying of dry sand while standing on sideways-sloping ground. The mass that had flowed out and the shape of the remaining sand were measured after tilting the box to different inclinations. After measuring the angle of repose of the sand and making simplifying assumptions, the shape of the remaining payload could be defined using coordinate geometry. Excellent agreement between calculated and measured values allowed the method of calculation to be used confidently to determine the roll-ov

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13

Hu, H. T. "Influence of Shell Geometry on Buckling Optimization of Fiber-Composite Laminate Shells." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 113, no. 3 (1991): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2928782.

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The buckling strength of fiber-composite laminate shells with given loading condition and material system is maximized with respect to fiber orientations by using a sequential linear programming method together with a simple move-limit strategy. Significant influence of shell thickness and shell length on the optimal fiber angles, the critical buckling loads and the critical buckling modes of fiber-composite laminate shells has been shown through this investigation.

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14

Singh, P., and J. A. Liburdy. "Effect of Plate Inclination on Natural Convection From a Plate to Its Cylindrical Enclosure." Journal of Heat Transfer 108, no. 4 (1986): 770–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3247011.

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Presented in this paper are the local and mean heat transfer coefficients for an inclined, thin, heated flat surface enclosed in a long isothermal cylinder. Holographic interferometry was used to identify variations of the convective coefficient on both sides of the plate. There are significant local variations when the surface is oriented at different angles to the gravitation vector. An overall heat transfer coefficient is identified which is influenced by opposing inclination effects on either side of the surface. Results are significantly different from those of a surface in an infinite en

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15

Elsayed, M. M., and W. Chakroun. "Effect of Aperture Geometry on Heat Transfer in Tilted Partially Open Cavities." Journal of Heat Transfer 121, no. 4 (1999): 819–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826071.

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Free convection from a square, tilted partially open cavity was investigated experimentally. The experiment was carried out to study the effect of the aperture geometry on the heat transfer between the cavity and the surrounding air. Four different geometrical arrangements for the opening were investigated: (1) high wall slit, (2) low wall slit, (3) centered wall slit, and (4) uniform wall slots. Each opening arrangement was studied at opening ratios (i.e., ratio of opening height to cavity height) of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75. The average heat transfer coefficient between the cavity and the surroun

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16

Serhat, Gokhan. "Concurrent Lamination and Tapering Optimization of Cantilever Composite Plates under Shear." Materials 14, no. 9 (2021): 2285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092285.

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The operational performance of cantilever composite structures can benefit from both stiffness tailoring and geometric design, yet, this potential has not been fully utilized in existing studies. The present study addresses this problem by simultaneously optimizing layer and taper angles of cantilever laminates. The design objective is selected as minimizing the average deflection of the tip edge subjected to shear loads while keeping the length and total volume constant. The plate stiffness properties are described by lamination parameters to eliminate the possible solution dependency on the

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17

He, Bob B. "Geometry and algorithms to expand 2θ coverage of a 2D detector". Powder Diffraction 33, № 2 (2018): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715618000362.

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A two-dimensional (2D) diffraction pattern is an image representing the diffraction intensity distribution over the detected area. For data evaluations of various materials characterization, such as phase identification, stress, texture, and crystal size, this distribution is further converted into the intensity distribution over 2θ or γ angles. For many applications, especially phase analysis and structure refinement, it is crucial for the two-dimensional (2D) pattern to have a large 2θ range sufficient to cover as many diffraction rings as necessary. The 2θ range covered by a 2D detector is

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18

Grabowsky, Simon, Jens Beckmann, and Peter Luger. "The Nature of Hydrogen Bonding Involving the Siloxane Group." Australian Journal of Chemistry 65, no. 7 (2012): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch11468.

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Variation of the Si–O–Si angle in siloxane compounds is a way to tune their basicity from highly hydrophobic systems at linear geometry to hydrophilic systems at small angles. This has great potential in the design of new siloxane materials with properties distinct from those of known silicones. We investigate hydrogen bonds with the siloxane linkage as an acceptor in a large range of Si–O–Si angles for the two hydrogen-bonded complexes disiloxane⋯silanol [(H3Si)2O⋯HOSiH3] and disiloxane⋯water [(H3Si)2O⋯HOH] with free disiloxane [H3SiOSiH3] as reference in a quantum-mechanical ab-initio study.

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19

Gu, Zhi Xu, Jian Zheng, Wei Peng, and Xi Nan Tang. "Method to Obtain the Regular Term in Bonded Dissimilar Materials under Thermal Loading." Applied Mechanics and Materials 395-396 (September 2013): 802–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.395-396.802.

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The stresses near the free edge of the interface of a joint of dissimilar materials after a change of the temperature can be described as the sum of one or two singular terms and a regular term which is independent of the distance and the geometry angles and . The regular stress terms are important for the stress distribution near the singular point. The emphasis in this paper is placed on giving an explicit form of the regular term by using a concept of equivalent edge load.

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20

Duc, Pham Minh, Le Hieu Giang, Mai Duc Dai, and Do Tien Sy. "An experimental study on the effect of tool geometry on tool wear and surface roughness in hard turning." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 9 (2020): 168781402095988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814020959885.

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The main purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of tool geometry (cutting edge angle, rake angle, and inclination angle) and to optimize tool wear and surface roughness in hard turning of AISI 1055 (52HRC) hardened steel by using TiN coated mixed ceramic inserts. The results show that the inclination angle is the major factor affecting the tool wear and the surface roughness in hard turning. With the increase in negative rake and inclination angles, the tool wear decreases, and the surface roughness increases. However, the surface roughness will decrease when the inclination ang

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21

Lee, Sangkyu, Amanda Foley, and Tatjana Jevremovic. "Novel precision enhancement algorithm with reduced image noise in cosmic muon tomography applications." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 31, no. 1 (2016): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1601051l.

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In this paper, we present a new algorithm that improves muon-based generated tomography images with increased precision and reduced image noise applicable to the detection of nuclear materials. Cosmic muon tomography is an interrogation-based imaging technique that, over the last decade, has been frequently employed for the detection of high-Z materials. This technique exploits a magnitude of cosmic muon scattering angles in order to construct an image. The scattering angles of the muons striking the geometry of interest are non-uniform, as cosmic muons vary in energy. The randomness of the sc

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22

Klamecki, B. E. "Experimental Verification of a Catastrophe Theory Model of Metal Cutting Chip Formation." Journal of Engineering for Industry 107, no. 1 (1985): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3185969.

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The problem of predicting changes in the chip formation process in metal cutting was considered. An analytical model which predicts the shear angle as the cutting tool approaches the end of the workpiece was developed. The model was of the orthogonal cutting geometry with shear along a plane and the shear angle predicted from a minimum shear energy postulate. The model predicted two shear angles near the end of cutting and these were compared with measured shear angles for cutting different work materials with varying rake angle tools.

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23

Salehi, Abraham, Stanley Tsai, Vivek Pawar, et al. "Wettability Analysis of Orthopaedic Materials Using Optical Contact Angle Methods." Key Engineering Materials 309-311 (May 2006): 1199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.309-311.1199.

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The wettability behavior of orthopaedic materials influences the fluid film layer that affects both the friction and wear of the articulating surfaces in total joint arthroplasty. This study examined the wettability of various orthopaedic bearing materials such as alumina, zirconia, cobalt chrome (CoCr), and oxidized zirconium (OxZr). Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating on CoCr was also examined. Additionally, the effect of radius of curvature was examined using OxZr femoral heads of various diameters. The contact angle of the liquid droplet on the surface of the material was measured using a op

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24

Wang, Jiong, Yang Wang, Liu Yang, Tianquan Chang, and Qingping Jiang. "Effects of Bedding Geometry and Cementation Strength on Shale Tensile Strength Based on Discrete Element Method." Shock and Vibration 2021 (May 26, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7805617.

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To study the effects of anisotropy and heterogeneity on the shale failure mode and tensile strength, Brazilian splitting tests were performed from both directions of the bedding and layer thickness. Layers containing different bedding and loading angles and layer thicknesses were obtained separately. The results show that, at 0° and 90° angles, the shale cracks grow “linearly”; at 15°, the shale cracks have “arc type” growth; and at 30°–75°, the shale-splitting displays “broken line” crack propagation. The tensile strength from 0° to 90° exhibits an increasing trend. Water has a significant so

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25

Matras, Andrzej, and Wojciech Zębala. "Optimization of Cutting Data and Tool Inclination Angles During Hard Milling with CBN Tools, Based on Force Predictions and Surface Roughness Measurements." Materials 13, no. 5 (2020): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13051109.

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This work deals with technological considerations required to optimize the cutting data and tool path pattern for finishing the milling of free-form surfaces made of steel in a hardened state. In terms of technological considerations, factors such as feed rate, workpiece geometry, tool inclination angles (lead and tilt angles) and surface roughness are taken into account. The proposed method is based on calculations of the cutting force components and surface roughness measurements. A case study presented in the paper is based on the AISI H13 steel, with hardness 50 HRC and milling with a cubi

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Hassan, Mohamed A., Mohamed AA Abdelkareem, Gangfeng Tan, and M. M. Moheyeldein. "A Monte Carlo Parametric Sensitivity Analysis of Automobile Handling, Comfort, and Stability." Shock and Vibration 2021 (September 6, 2021): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6638965.

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This paper investigates the bandwidth sensitivity of automobile handling, comfort, and stability based on Monte Carlo sensitivity simulations. Performed bandwidth sensitivity simulations include the effects of vehicle geometry and suspension parameters on lateral acceleration, roll angle, front/rear sideslip angles, and yaw rate angle, including both time- and frequency-domain sensitivity analyses. To replicate actual automobile responses, a full-vehicle roll-oriented suspension seven-degree-of-freedom (7-DOF) model was developed and implemented considering a 2-DOF planar two-track model with

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27

Fazilati, Jamshid. "Panel flutter of curvilinear composite laminated plates in the presence of delamination." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 20 (2018): 2789–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318754641.

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The effect of variable fiber placement angle on the supersonic linear flutter of rectangular composite panels containing square delamination zone is investigated using an enhanced spline version of finite strip method (FSM). The location dependent stiffness characteristics and mass matrices due to variable fiber orientation angles within every ply are extracted. The structural formulation is based on the higher-order shear deformation theory while the first-order piston theory is utilized to predict the loading effects of the supersonic airflow. Laminated composite material with varying fiber

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28

Subramaniam, M., and S. N. Kramer. "The Inverse Kinematic Solution of the Tetrahedron Based Variable-Geometry Truss Manipulator." Journal of Mechanical Design 114, no. 3 (1992): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2926570.

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The Tetrahedron Based Variable Geometry Truss Manipulator is comprised of a series of tetrahedrons stacked upon one another in a spiraling manner. When one link of each “cell” is made variable in length, the system can be effectively used as a remote manipulator. The manipulator is kinematically equivalent to a serial link manipulator consisting only of revolute joints where the angle between successive axes is 120°. In this paper, a closed-form analytic solution for the six-celled (6R series) variable geometry truss manipulator is obtained. It is shown that a sixteenth order polynomial in one

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29

Zhang, Qiuyuan, Maxim Polikarpov, Nataliya Klimova, et al. "Investigation of `glitches' in the energy spectrum induced by single-crystal diamond compound X-ray refractive lenses." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 26, no. 1 (2019): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518014856.

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Single-crystal diamond stands out among all the candidate materials that could be exploited to fabricate compound refractive lenses (CRLs) owing to its extremely stable properties. Among all related experimental features, beam divergence, χ-angles relative to the incoming beam in Eulerian geometry and different positions of the X-ray beam relative to the lens geometry may influence the transmission energy spectrum of CRLs. In addition, the orientation of the single-crystal diamond sample may also affect the glitches significantly. To verify these initial assumptions, two experiments, an energy

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Nassar, Sayed A., and Xianjie Yang. "Novel Formulation of the Tightening and Breakaway Torque Components in Threaded Fasteners." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 129, no. 4 (2006): 653–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2767354.

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New formulas are developed for the torque-tension relationship, various torque components, and breakaway torque values in threaded fastener applications. The three-dimensional aspects of the lead helix and thread profile angles and the kinetic and static friction coefficients are all taken into account. Two scenarios of the contact pressure between threads and under the turning fastener head are considered, namely, uniformly distributed and linearly distributed contact pressure scenarios. The effect of thread pitch, lead helix and thread profile angles, friction coefficients, and fastener geom

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31

Odabaşıoğlu, Sinem, Raif Kurtaran, Akin Azizoglu, Hülya Kara, Sevi Öz, and Orhan Atakol. "Experimental and computational investigations of a cadmium(II) mononuclear complex with 2,6-Bis(3,5-dimethyl-N-pyrazolyl)pyridine (bdmpp) and selenocyanate as ligands." Open Chemistry 7, no. 3 (2009): 402–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-009-0027-x.

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AbstractA new cadmium (II) complex, [Cd(bdmpp)(SeCN)2(H2O)] (1) (where bdmpp = 2,6-bis(3,5-dimethyl-N-pyrazolyl)pyridine), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental and spectral (IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR, UV-Vis) analyses, differential scanning calorimetry, and single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. X-ray analysis showed that the structure was crystallized in the monoclinic space group Cc with a = 9.031(2), b = 13.884(3), c = 16.910(3) Å, and Z = 4. The geometry around the cadmium atom is distorted octahedral with a CdN3Se2O setup. The N atoms of the SeCN are engaged in two strong i

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Bair, B. W., and C. B. Tsay. "ZK-Type Dual-Lead Worm and Worm Gear Drives: Geometry." Journal of Mechanical Design 120, no. 3 (1998): 414–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829168.

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A dual-lead worm gear set is frequently used for machines to operate without backlash, which can be adjusted along the worm’s axial direction. The ZK-type dual-lead worm is generated by a cone-type straight-edged grinding wheel while an oversize worm-type hob cutter cuts the worm gear. The dual-lead worm gear set has two different axial modules and helix angles for the right- and left-side tooth surfaces. The mathematical model involving ZK-type dual-lead worm and worm gear surface geometries is developed based on the theory of gearing and gear cutting mechanism. According to the proposed math

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33

Ganniari-Papageorgiou, Evangelia, Panagiotis Chatzistergos, and Xiaoxu Wang. "The Influence of the Honeycomb Design Parameters on the Mechanical Behavior of Non-Pneumatic Tires." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 12, no. 03 (2020): 2050024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825120500246.

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Non-Pneumatic Tires with honeycomb structure have complex design and their mechanical behavior is influenced by their geometry. As a result, deep understanding of the effect of various design parameters is very important for design optimization. In this numerical analysis, the effect of a wide range of internal geometrical parameters on the tire’s weight and mechanical behavior was quantified. For this purpose, a parametric finite element model was designed and subjected to vertical loading to assess its maximum stress, contact pressure, maximum vertical displacement and energy absorbed during

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Aguilar-Morales, Alfredo I., Sabri Alamri, Bogdan Voisiat, Tim Kunze, and Andrés F. Lasagni. "The Role of the Surface Nano-Roughness on the Wettability Performance of Microstructured Metallic Surface Using Direct Laser Interference Patterning." Materials 12, no. 17 (2019): 2737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12172737.

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Superhydrophobic natural surfaces usually have multiple levels of structure hierarchy, particularly microstructures covered with nano-roughness. The multi-scale nature of such a surface reduces the wetting of water and oils, and supports self-cleaning properties. In this work, in order to broaden our understanding of the wetting properties of technical surfaces, biomimetic surface patterns were fabricated on stainless steel with single and multi-scale periodic structures using direct laser interference patterning (DLIP). Micropillars with a spatial period of 5.5 µm and a structural depth of 4.

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Ma, Yihao, Cheng Xiaoquan, Jikui Zhang, Dafang Zhao, and Wenjun Huang. "Prediction of resin pocket geometry around rigid fiber inclusion in composite laminate by hot-pressing of prepregs." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 15 (2019): 1987–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319889399.

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In this paper, two analytic methods are presented to predict the geometry of resin pockets formed around rigid fiber inclusions at the interlayer of unidirectional prepregs. The bending strain energy is calculated on fiber scale in one method, while it is calculated on layer scale in the other method. For the fiber scale method, several fibers in thickness direction are tied together to account for the bending stiffness increase caused by the interaction between fibers. And for the layer scale method, a single ply is divided into several sublayers to account for the bending stiffness decrease

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Iglesias, Alex, Zoltan Dombovari, German Gonzalez, Jokin Munoa, and Gabor Stepan. "Optimum Selection of Variable Pitch for Chatter Suppression in Face Milling Operations." Materials 12, no. 1 (2018): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010112.

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Cutting capacity can be seriously limited in heavy duty face milling processes due to self-excited structural vibrations. Special geometry tools and, specifically, variable pitch milling tools have been extensively used in aeronautic applications with the purpose of removing these detrimental chatter vibrations, where high frequency chatter related to slender tools or thin walls limits productivity. However, the application of this technique in heavy duty face milling operations has not been thoroughly explored. In this paper, a method for the definition of the optimum angles between inserts i

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Rahman, B. S., and D. K. Lieu. "Optimization of Magnetic Pole Geometry for Field Harmonic Control in Electric Motors." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 116, no. 2 (1994): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930409.

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A principal source of vibration in permanent magnet motors and generators is the induced stress from the rotating permanent magnets. The harmonic content of this forcing function may excite resonant modes of vibration in the motor or surrounding structure. Thus attenuation of specific harmonics is of considerable interest. This paper describes a method for optimal shaping of the permanent magnets to eliminate one or more of these harmonics. The analytical model for an optimized 4-pole motor consisted of segmented PMs and a solid ring stator. The permanent magnets were modeled as a number of th

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Pervaiz, Salman, Sathish Kannan, and Abhishek Subramaniam. "Optimization of Cutting Process Parameters in Inclined Drilling of Inconel 718 Using Finite Element Method and Taguchi Analysis." Materials 13, no. 18 (2020): 3995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13183995.

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Nickel-based superalloys are famous in the demanding applications. Inconel 718 is one of the most commonly used nickel-based superalloys due to its extraordinary inherent properties. Inconel 718 is a suitable material for high temperature applications due to the properties such as anti-oxidization, high hot hardness, high creep, and fatigue strength. Drilling operation is one of the most widely used manufacturing operations in almost all industrial sectors. However, drilling operation is very complex in nature due to the presence of intricate geometry of the drill bit. In conventional drilling

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Ku, Tae-Wan. "A Combined Cold Extrusion for a Drive Shaft: A Parametric Study on Tool Geometry." Materials 13, no. 10 (2020): 2244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13102244.

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Parametric investigations related to shoulder angle on tool geometry for a combined cold extrusion of a drive shaft, which consisted of spur gear and internal spline structures, were conducted through three-dimensional FE (finite element) simulations. The drive shaft was required to be about 92.00 mm for the face width of the top land on the spur gear part and roughly 22.70 mm for the groove depth of the internal spline section. AISI 1035 carbon steel material with a diameter of 50.00 mm and a length of 121.00 mm was spheroidized and annealed, then used as the initial billet material. A prefor

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Cao, Songyu, Himan Hojat Jalali, and Elena Dragomirescu. "Wind-Induced Response of Inclined and Yawed Ice-Accreted Stay Cable Models." Shock and Vibration 2018 (October 9, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6853047.

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During the past decades, wind-induced vibrations of bridge stay cables were reported to occur under various incipient conditions. The ice formation on stay cables is one of these conditions, which causes the ice-accreted stay cables to alter their cross section geometry, thus modifying their aerodynamic characteristics. Wind tunnel tests and several CFD simulations were performed for ice-accreted inclined bridge stay cables with two ice-accretion profiles dimensions, 0.5D and 1D, where D is the diameter of the cable. Wind-induced vibrations were analyzed experimentally for cable models with ya

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Ha, J. M., and G. P. Peterson. "Capillary Performance of Evaporating Flow in Micro Grooves: An Analytical Approach for Very Small Tilt Angles." Journal of Heat Transfer 120, no. 2 (1998): 452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2824270.

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The axial flow of an evaporating thin film through a V-shaped micro channel was investigated for the case of a grooved plate inclined with a very small tilt angle. For this problem, the addition of the gravity term caused by the tilt angle alters the form of the governing equation from linear to nonlinear. Because the effect of the tilt angle is very small, a perturbation method was applied to obtain a first order perturbation solution of R = R0 + εR1, where R0 is the undisturbed solution caused by the tilt angle. A generalized graph of the nondimensional radius of curvature as a function of t

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Bezyazychzny, V. F., and A. V. Kordyukov. "THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTIVITY IN DIFFERENT VARIANTS OF OPTIMIZATION OF CUTTING SPEED IN TURNING." Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, no. 279 (June 2020): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/hb.2020.06.pp.007-013.

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Analysis and comparison is presented as to processing performance levels with cutting speeds providing various optimization criteria: minimal cutting tool wear, minimal production cost and maximal cutting performance. It has been established that during machining at the cutting speed corresponding to the minimal cutting tool wear performance is close to the level of productivity when machining at the cutting speed corresponding to the minimal production cost. Results of calculations allow estimating both the performance value and the machinability level of different materials in terms of stren

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Bezyazychzny, V. F., and A. V. Kordyukov. "THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTIVITY IN DIFFERENT VARIANTS OF OPTIMIZATION OF CUTTING SPEED IN TURNING." Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, no. 279 (June 2020): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/hb.2020.06.pp.007-013.

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Analysis and comparison is presented as to processing performance levels with cutting speeds providing various optimization criteria: minimal cutting tool wear, minimal production cost and maximal cutting performance. It has been established that during machining at the cutting speed corresponding to the minimal cutting tool wear performance is close to the level of productivity when machining at the cutting speed corresponding to the minimal production cost. Results of calculations allow estimating both the performance value and the machinability level of different materials in terms of stren

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Kim, Ji Tae, Hyangkyoung Kim, and Hong Sun Ryou. "Hemodynamic Analysis on the Anastomosis Angle in Arteriovenous Graft Using Multiphase Blood Model." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (2021): 8160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178160.

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Numerical analysis was performed for the effect of the venous anastomosis angle in a forearm arteriovenous graft for hemodialysis using a multiphase blood model. The geometry of the blood vessel was generated based on the patient-computed tomography data. The anastomosis angles were set at 15°, 30°, and 45°. The hematocrit was set at 34%, 45%, and 58%. The larger anastomosis angle, high wall shear stress area >11 Pa, increases to the side of the vein wall away from the anastomosis site. Further, the relatively low wall shear stress area, <3 Pa, occurs near the anastomosis site in larger

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Qi, Q., and R. L. Mahajan. "Analysis of Tombstoning Phenomenon During Reflow." Journal of Electronic Packaging 120, no. 1 (1998): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2792287.

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A dynamic model is established to investigate tombstoning phenomenon of passive SMT components during reflow. This model consists of three dynamic equations for the motion of the component and four nonlinear algebraic equations for area conservation, constant curvatures for solder fillets, and solder height-length relations. The formulation neglects the gravity effect in the solder. It is shown that formation of tombstoning depends on a combination of parameters such as component geometry, pad sizes, gap size between pads, molten solder volume and properties, and contact angles. For some value

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Jang, Eun-Yoo, Jung J. Kim, and Doo-Yeol Yoo. "Dynamic Pullout Behavior of Multiple Steel Fibers in UHPC: Effects of Fiber Geometry, Inclination Angle, and Loading Rate." Materials 12, no. 20 (2019): 3365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12203365.

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This study examined the influences of fiber geometry, inclination angle, and loading rate on the pullout behavior of multiple steel fibers in ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC). For this, two different steel fiber types, i.e., straight (S-) and hooked (H-), four different inclination angles (0°–60°), and four different loading rates (0.018 mm/s to 1200 mm/s) were considered. Test results indicated that the pullout performance of S-fibers in UHPC was improved by increasing the loading rate. The highest maximum pullout load of the S-fiber was obtained at the inclination angle of 30° or 45°.

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Karolus, Małgorzata, and Eugeniusz Łągiewka. "The Structure Studies on Si-N Thin Layers." Solid State Phenomena 130 (December 2007): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.130.287.

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In structure studies performed using the Grazing Incident X-ray Diffraction Geometry (GIXD) for different incident angles it was indicated that the Si-N layers are non-homogenous and their structure depends on the penetration depth. The layers close to substrate (α = 2, 1°) show the presence of the Si3N4, SiO2, SiO2, SiC phases and an amorphous Si-N phase as well. The layers near the surface (α = 0.5; 0.25; 0.15°) are poorer in Si-N phases. There are only observed the presence of the Si3N4 and SiO2 phases. The obtained results confirm the non-homogenity of layers.

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Abdallah, Lounis, Ould Chikh El Bahri, Meddah Hadj Miloud, Gueraiche Larbi, and Hachelaf Kaddour. "Parametric Study of the Mechanical Behavior of FSSW Welded Polymer Plates Using a New Form of Welding Tool." Defect and Diffusion Forum 389 (November 2018): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.389.205.

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This research paper aims at studying the friction stir spot welding (FSSW) some of thermoplastic polymer materials (HDPE and HDPE-PMMA) using a specifal geometry tool without a pin. The effect of the tool geometry on the welds static resistance was studied via several tool shape, a flat shape below the tool, a shape with concavity angles ranging from 0° to 16° , a flange shape of the sharp-edged tool, a chamfered flange shape and a rounded shape. This work is done to increase the surface area of the weld and further to maximize the static strength of the friction stir spot welding. Experimenta

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Roza, Yenita, Putri Yuanita, Sehatta Saragih, Hadiyanta Alfajri, and Andespa Saputra. "Computer-Based Media for Learning Geometry at Mathematics Class of Secondary Schools." JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES 1, no. 1 (2017): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jes.1.1.p.79-91.

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This research is aimed at developing computer-based media for mathematics learning. This media used interactive model to help students understand the topic of lines, angles and rectangular. This development research applied development model by Borg and Gallmodified by Sugiyono.The study began by finding the potentials materials and its problems followed by astudy of literature. The subject in this research is line, angle and rectangular,including rectangle, square and trapezium. Product design was done through two stages: paper-based design and computer-based. The applications used for produc

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Wu, Cheng-Yi, and Shiow-Kang Yen. "Domain Wall Injection in Spin Valve Systems with Reservoirs of Different Geometries." Crystals 10, no. 3 (2020): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10030187.

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This study investigates nanostrips in Co/Cu/Py spin valve structures by connecting one side to domain wall reservoirs of different shapes in order to manipulate the switching field. The switching field increases according to the injection geometry; a diamond-shape reservior generates the largest switching field, followed by square-shape and then tip shape reservoirs. Simulation indicated the same results, showing that the vortex domain walls nucleated at the junction, but the pinning force increased as the magnetic transition area became larger (the injection angle became smaller). Therefore,

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