Relevant bibliographies by topics / Colorism

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Colorism'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Colorism"

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Crutchfield, Jandel, Latocia Keyes, Maya Williams, and Danielle R. Eugene. "A Scoping Review of Colorism in Schools: Academic, Social, and Emotional Experiences of Students of Color." Social Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11010015.

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Students of color experience academic, social, and emotional challenges due to colorism in schools. The purpose of this scoping review is to compare the experiences with colorism of students from varying racial backgrounds (African Americans, Native Americans, Asians, and Latin) in U.S. public schools. It is predicted that the understudied group of Latinx and indigenous students of color will uniquely experience colorism in academic settings when compared to African American and Asian students. A 30 article literature review utilizing search dates from 1990 to 2020 was conducted employing a scoping review framework. Themes emerged that include: the privileging of lighter skin and more Eurocentric features in academic outcomes, the complicated social status created for students of color experiencing colorism in schools, and the increased potential for emotional challenges as a result of colorism. This review highlights possible school reform efforts to affirm all skin tones, reduce colorist biases, and offer mediation to mitigate colorist experiences in the school environment.
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Mitchell Dove, Lakindra. "The Influence of Colorism on the Hair Experiences of African American Female Adolescents." Genealogy 5, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy5010005.

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This article addresses the prevalence of colorism among the hair care narratives of African American female adolescents. Eleven interviews were conducted to explore the connection between hair and sense of self and self-esteem. During data collection and analysis, the theme surrounding colorism emerged, as many participants discussed its influence on hair, recalling traumatic hair and colorist experiences. This article focuses on the analysis of these narratives using the colorist-historical trauma framework. Three themes emerged: (1) colorist experiences; (2) perceptions of good hair; and (3) the influence of White beauty standards. These themes reflect how participants conceptualized the implications of colorism and its impact on their psychosocial and emotional well-being. The article highlights how colorism is embedded in their lived experiences and how participants combated the presence of colorism perpetuated by family, peers, and society, to embrace their identities. The article outlines the implications of collective efforts to decolonize hair and promote healing and liberation through actions such as the natural hair movement, legal efforts to protect hairstyle preferences in schools and the workplace, and overall awareness of the perception of Black women in media. It also discusses shifts in attitudes, perspectives, and beliefs regarding hair among younger generations.
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Crutchfield, Jandel, J. Camille Hall, Anna Ortega-Williams, and Sarah L. Webb. "Colorism and the Poetics of Resistance Among Black Youth: An Application of the Colorist-Historical Trauma Framework." Journal of Black Studies 51, no. 8 (August 6, 2020): 813–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021934720935849.

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The colorist-historical trauma framework offers scholars, practitioners, and educators a new lens with which to more effectively combat racial disparities in society through the understanding of the intergenerational transmission of colorism in the historical trauma response of African Americans. This article applies the colorist-historical trauma framework to the colorism poems of young African Americans who demonstrate that poetry, as a device of healing, can be a useful mechanism of passing on more than the challenges associated with colorism, but also the art of resistance. The results of this thematic analysis produced three emerging concepts about the poetics of 16 young African Americans and have implications for mental health practitioners, educators, and scholars that uplift the healing process of poetry.
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Monk, Ellis P. "Colorism and Physical Health: Evidence from a National Survey." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 62, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022146520979645.

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This study uses nationally representative data to extend a steadily growing body of research on the health consequences of skin color by comparatively examining the consequences of perceived ingroup and outgroup skin color discrimination (perceived colorism) for physical health among African Americans. Using a comprehensive set of measures of physical health, I find that perceived ingroup colorism is significantly associated with worse physical health outcomes among African Americans. Notably, the magnitude of ingroup colorism’s associations with most of these outcomes rivals or even exceeds that of major lifetime discrimination, everyday discrimination, and perceived outgroup colorism. These findings compellingly suggest the inclusion of perceived colorism measures in future survey data collection efforts.
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Egbeyemi, Adeola. "Shedding Light on Colorism: How the Colonial Fabrication of Colorism Impacts the Lives of African American Women." Journal of Integrative Research & Reflection 2, no. 2 (June 23, 2019): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/jirr.v2.1574.

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It is fascinating that the phenomenon of colorism, with such large scale and profound individual impact, can remain in the infancy of sociological study. Some African Americans insist that delving into the issue of colorism is a “distraction” and that we cannot overcome internalized racism until we defeat outward racism. I maintain that the battles are the same, and the impacts of both must be analyzed, but colorism—the lesser understood—requires its own attention. Colorism, notably among women, cannot begin to be resolved until both marginalized and non-marginalized people fully understand its creation leading to its current impact. Various papers and novels written with both the academic background and research and lived perspective as a dark-skinned black woman will be consulted. The research paper will move from the analysis of the historical context of colonialism and colorism against dark-skinned black women to unpacking colorisms many impacts and implications derived from this colonial construction to its effects within personal, private life. Thus, in my research paper, I will investigate how the colonial legacy of colorism impacts the lives of African American woman in the present day.
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Wilder, JeffriAnne, and Colleen Cain. "Teaching and Learning Color Consciousness in Black Families: Exploring Family Processes and Women’s Experiences With Colorism." Journal of Family Issues 32, no. 5 (December 27, 2010): 577–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x10390858.

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Family is regarded as a powerful force in the lives of Black Americans. Often-times, families function as an agent of socialization that counters racism. At the same time, however, Black families can perpetuate skin tone consciousness and bias, or colorism . Although there is an extensive body of revisionist literature on Black families and a growing body of scholarship on the contemporary nature of colorism, there is a dearth of literature addressing the role of Black families in relation to colorism. This research begins to fill this gap by exploring the influence of Black families in the development and maintenance of a colorist ideology and consciousness among Black women. Results of focus group interviews with 26 Black women indicate that color differences are learned, reinforced, and in some cases contested within families, ultimately shaping Black women’s perspectives and experiences with colorism.
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Isaeva, Olga Anatolievna. "«Scottish colorists» in the art of European modernism: problems of context and style." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture, no. 1 (54) (2023): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2023-1-117-123.

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The article explores a complex and insufficiently studied phenomenon in the visual art of Scotland – Scottish colorism, and, accordingly, the work of masters of its circle. Colorism does not limit its appeal to various kinds of artistic trends, which creates the problem of determining both the stylistic commonality and the artistic background in the formation of the creative manner of Scottish colorists; another difficulty is to determine the contextual boundaries of this phenomenon. This article, therefore, is devoted to resolving these issues in order to outline the place and role of Scottish colorists in European pictorial practices.
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Marira, Tiwi D., and Priyanka Mitra. "Colorism: Ubiquitous Yet Understudied." Industrial and Organizational Psychology 6, no. 1 (March 2013): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iops.12018.

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We agree whole-heartedly with Ruggs et al. (2013) call to focus more research attention on the workplace experiences of marginalized employees. Indeed, the authors raised many valid points concerning the needed contributions of industrial and organizational (I–O) psychology to both research and public policy as it relates to marginalized groups. However, we believe that the authors also missed an opportunity to highlight the workplace discrimination experienced by those individuals who are marginalized by their darker skin tones. This form of discrimination is more commonly known ascolorism. Subsequently, our commentary focuses on defining this form of discrimination that is not well known among I–O psychologists, explaining why our field should be concerned with studying colorism, and making recommendations regarding how our field can better study colorism, affect jurisprudence on the issue, and ameliorate colorism's effects in workplace settings.
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Abrams, Jasmine A., Faye Z. Belgrave, Chelsea D. Williams, and Morgan L. Maxwell. "African American Adolescent Girls’ Beliefs About Skin Tone and Colorism." Journal of Black Psychology 46, no. 2-3 (March 2020): 169–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095798420928194.

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Colorism is a pervasive system of inequality shown to negatively affect psychosocial and economic outcomes among African American adults. Among African American women and girls in particular, the social and psychological implications of colorist practices can be severe. The present study aimed to better understand African American girls’ understanding of this phenomenon during adolescence. Using a phenomenological approach, interviews and focus groups were conducted with African American girls ( N = 30) in order to determine which colorist messages are perceived and potentially internalized as communal beliefs. Iterative coding and subsequent thematic analysis revealed three primary themes and four subthemes: (a) Skin tone and attractiveness (Subthemes: Light skin as beautiful; Dark skin as unattractive), (b) Skin tone and social standing and education level (Subthemes: Dark skin as lower class; Light skin as higher class), and (c) Skin tone and personality/behavioral traits. Findings revealed that African American girls reported contemporary colorism biases similar to those found among African American women, suggesting temporal and generational continuity.
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Hannon, Lance. "White Colorism." Social Currents 2, no. 1 (February 5, 2015): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329496514558628.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Colorism"

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Tekie, Feven. "Colorism in Zanzibar - A Qualitative Field Study on The Effects of Colorism on Women's Identity and Ethnicity Construction." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22911.

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This paper is a by-product of a minor field study conducted in Zanzibar, Tanzaniaduring eight consecutive weeks in early 2019. The purpose of the study was to examinehow colorism affects women’s identity and ethnicity construction through the researchquestions; how do women in Zanzibar experience colorism in their daily lives and; howdoes colorism affect their self-perception? The data was collected through seven semi-structured interviews with women in Zanzibar and observations. The concepts of identity and ethnicity saturated the study and the identity process theory (IPT) was used as a theoretical framework to analyze the inquiry. The findings suggest that colorist ideals were dominant in society as light and medium colors were more valued than dark. This was demonstrated by associating light and medium skin color, as well as relaxed and straight hair to “good” and “beautiful”. However, colorism proved to impact women in their daily lives to various degrees. Informants who grew up on the mainland admitted to being more affected and expressed feelings of unworthiness or praise, depending on skin color. Whereas women born and raised on Zanzibar, felt colorism affected their lives minimally, but nevertheless acknowledged the existing problems for many women of e.g. skin bleaching. According to the IPT, a strong sense of distinctiveness from mainlanders, a continuity in past and present identity and a highself-efficacy seemed to guard self-esteem against existing colorist ideals. Furthermore, inclusion to the Zanzibari ethnic identity proved not to be affected by colorism, as colorwas not a prerequisite factor to ethnicity but rather, shared land, religion, and history.
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Canada, Dericka Denise. "Development and Psychometric Investigation of the Perceived Colorism Scale." Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107664.

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Thesis advisor: Janet E. Helms
Black women are often confronted with social-systemic barriers and differential treatment based on the shade of their skin color. Colorism, a derivative of racism, is the use of skin-color shade as the basis for interactions with and evaluations of Black women. Some theoretical and empirical literature suggests that Black women may encounter and respond to colorism in various social contexts. Nevertheless, without an adequate measure to assess these contextually based experiences, it is difficult to explore the complex dynamics of the colorism that Black women face. In the present study, socioecological theory (Brenner, Zimmerman, Bauermeister, & Caldwell, 2013) was adapted to frame a contextual model of colorism in order to develop a measure that assesses Black women’s perceptions of and responses to colorism across social contexts, including in their families, within and outside of their racial community, and in society. Black women (N = 299) responded to 98 contextual items derived from personal accounts of colorism, focus groups, and theoretical literature. Various scale development techniques including item analysis, exploratory factor analyses, and parallel analyses yielded four dimensions of perceived colorism experiences (i.e., racial out-group, family, racial in-group, society) and seven dimensions of perceived colorism responses (i.e., racial out-group/society, family and racial in-group cognitive-emotional reactions, family and non-family positive colorism, negative self-concept, attractiveness). To investigate validity evidence, multivariate multiple regression analyses (MMRAs) and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine relationships between the factor-derived subscales of the Perceived Colorism Scale and internalized colorism, racial identity, and self-esteem. Overall, results of the analyses supported the importance of four contexts for colorism experiences (racial out-group, family, racial in-group, and society). However, context-related responses to colorism were more complex than initially hypothesized. The factor-derived PCS subscales were predictive of internalized colorism, racial identity and self-esteem. Nonetheless, the subscales varied in the extent to which they were related to the validity measures and some of the significant relationships were not in hypothesized directions. Methodological limitations, along with implications for future theory, research, and practice are discussed
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2017
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology
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Reger, Wibke. "The black body of literature: colorism in American fiction." Paderborn München Wien Zürich Schöningh, 2009. http://d-nb.info/988677261/04.

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Void, Ashley Nicole. "Colorism and Skin Tone Messages in Father-Daughter Relationships." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6696.

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Colorism, or in-group bias based on skin tone, is a persistent phenomenon within the African American community that often shapes family dynamics and results in significant negative psychosocial effects for African Americans. Researchers have examined colorism primarily as it pertains to mothers' transmission of these messages, but little research exists regarding the paternal role. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the messages fathers transmit to their daughters regarding skin tone, while comparing these messages to those transmitted to fathers in their childhood. Twelve African American men, selected through purposive sampling, participated in individual semistructured interviews. Their responses were analyzed using thematic analysis based on colorism theory. Themes included teachings to daughter, skin tone messages, influence, hard work, attractiveness, love, treatment, and trophies. Findings indicated that fathers provided a protective role in negative colorism messages for daughters, particularly those with darker skin tones. Implications for positive social change include increased understanding of the protective paternal role in transmitting skin tone messages and the potential ability for stakeholders to make inroads to eradicate the negative effects of colorism within the African American family using the protective role of fathers.
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Edwards, Cheri Paris. "Your Blues Ain't Like Mine: Voices from the Other Side of the Color Line." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609132/.

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This dissertation examines intra-racial colorism in works by writers who began their careers during the Harlem Renaissance, but whose writings span almost a century. In these writings, colorism; which can be defined as a bias directed toward an individual that is based on skin tone, is portrayed an intra-racial practice that results from the internalization of racist ideals. The practice relies on a hierarchy that most often privileges those closest to the color line. However, these depictions also show that the preponderance of skin tones can sometimes determine who is targeted. For the purposes of this study it is called reverse colorism when the bias is directed by individuals darker in skin tone toward those who are lighter. Consequently, the careful descriptions of the shades and hues of black characters becomes more than aesthetics and can be seen as a coded reference to experiential differences. While Alain Locke hailed the start of the Harlem Renaissance to signal the rise of The New Negro, the writings featured by female writers in this dissertation advance a less optimistic reality for women, who had to contend with both inter- and intra-racial bias because of their skin tone. Colorism is identified as a particularly prevalent presence in the lives of black women, who also saw skin tone subjectively and viewed themselves as darker than their male counterparts.
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Bryant, Patience Denece. "The Impact of Colorism on Historically Black Fraternities and Sororities." NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/20.

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This dissertation study was conducted in order to examine and gain an insight on two topics that are considered to be highly under researched: American historically black fraternities and sororities and colorism within the back American community. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact that colorism has had on black American collegiate Greek letter organizations. Using the qualitative phenomenological approach, 18 graduate or alumni members, two from each of the nine historically black Greek letter organizations that make up the National Pan-Hellanic Council were interviewed using open ended questions to see what impact (if any) colorism has had on historically black fraternities and sororities. During the interviews the following five major themes emerged: discriminatory practices between black Americans, stereotyping black Greek letter organizations, stereotyping skin tones, colorism as a part of American history, and colorism as being permanently a part of the black American community. The following theories were also explored during the study: Social Identity Theory, Double Consciousness, Primary Identification Theory, and Conflict Caused by Colorism, to further see what impact colorism had on historically black fraternities and sororities. Through these five themes and theories, it was found that colorism has had and continues to have a significant impact on not only members of historically black fraternities and sororities, but also that of members of the black American community as a whole.
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Christensen, Phaedra. "Interrelationships of Colorism, Violence, and Sexual Behaviors among Southern African American Women." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2959.

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Two significant public health concerns that threaten both the physical and mental health of African-American women are Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). African-American women (AAW) in the south carry the greatest burden of HIV and disproportionately represent the region with an incidence of 71% for new HIV infections, and elevated rates of morbidity and mortality. In 2013, the murder rate among AAW was 2.5 times higher than it was among Caucasian women. Most of the published studies that explored the association between IPV and HIV had mixed populations, did not explore topics unique to AAs, or were qualitative studies. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between colorism, IPV, and high-risk sexual behaviors (HRSB)/HIV-risk among AAW and determine if colorism was a mediator in the IPV-HRSB relationship. The theory of power and gender and the social cognitive theory provided the theoretical framework of this study. The dissemination of this self-assessed quantitative, cross-sectional survey design was to a homogeneous sample of 143 women. The analysis of the variables used correlation statistics and linear regression. Findings revealed a significant relationship between IPV-HRSB (r = .882, p =.001), colorism-IPV (r2 = .371, p = .001) and colorism-HRSB (r = .377, p = .001); however, colorism did not mediate the IPV-HRSB relationship. This study has implications for positive social change in that practitioners may gain a better understanding of colorism's influence on IPV and HRSB, and may serve to modify existing programs. This knowledge may subsequently help to decrease adverse behaviors that are unique to AAW prone to IPV with an increased HIV-risk as a result of colorism.
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Johnson, Jasmine Cherese. "Is it Really a Different World? Colorism Then and Now in Black Sitcoms." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609063/.

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This study focuses on dark-skinned, Black women's representation in Black sitcoms. Through a mixed-methods use of a comparative textual analysis and focus group, the content and context of episodes from A Different World and Dear White People are explored to illustrate portrayals of dark-skinned, Black women and how these portrayals affect dark-skinned, Black women's self-esteem. Its findings contribute to colorism research by exploring colorism in Black sitcoms. Because this topic is largely unexplored, this study seeks to begin a conversation about dark skinned, Black women's representation in Black sitcoms. The main objective is to ultimately improve their depictions and roles in Black sitcoms and hold Black creatives responsible for the role they play in promoting colorism and its ultimate effect on Black women's self esteem.
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Fultz, Lauren A. "The Psycho-Social Impact of Colorism Among African American Women: Crossing the Divide." Wright State University Professional Psychology Program / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1375225026.

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Morris, Brian Kenneth. "Perceptions of Complexions: Consciousness and Self-Identification Among Dark-Skinned Blacks." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2009. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/959.

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Skin tone variation within American black communities has long been associated with intraracial stratification. Data from the National Survey of Black Americans (NSBA) indicate that lighter-skinned blacks – net of such factors as region of residence, age, and sex – consistently have higher levels of nearly every socioeconomic indicator including educational attainment, personal and family income, and perceived physical attractiveness when compared to their darker counterparts. What does this color caste system mean for the personal identities and emotional experiences of dark-skinned blacks in America? Using data from the NSBA and six interviews with dark-skinned blacks, I set forth social psychological implications of a phenotypically stratified subgroup in the United States.
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Books on the topic "Colorism"

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Augustine, Elma Whittaker. Colorism in Belize. Belize: [s.n., 1997.

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Hall, Ronald E. The Historical Globalization of Colorism. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84335-9.

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Hall, Ronald E., and Neha Mishra. The Routledge International Handbook of Colorism. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003410676.

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Henderson, Kerith. I Am Not a Nigger. I Am Not a Sell-Out. Beverly Hills, CA: the author, 2000.

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Bodenhorn, Howard. Colorism and African American wealth: Evidence from the nineteenth-century South. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Bodenhorn, Howard. Colorism and African-American wealth: Evidence from the nineteenth-century South. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Reger, Wibke. The black body of literature: Colorism in American fiction. Paderborn: Schöningh, 2009.

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E, Hall Ronald, ed. Racism in the 21st century: An empirical analysis of skin color. New York: Springer, 2008.

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Russell, Kathy. The color complex: The politics of skin color among African Americans. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1992.

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Russell, Kathy. The color complex: The politics of skin color among African Americans. New York: Anchor Books, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Colorism"

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Glenn, Evelyn Nakano, Ronald Hall, Margaret Hunter, and Kimberly Norwood. "Colorism." In Understanding Racism: Theories of Oppression and Discrimination, 164–79. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781071818671.n12.

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Chandler, Jahaan. "Confronting Colorism." In Color Struck, 143–56. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6351-110-0_7.

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Goin, Keara K. "Latinx Colorism." In The Routledge International Handbook of Colorism, 379–95. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003410676-28.

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Reddy, Vanita. "Beauty, colorism, and anti-colorism in transnational India." In The Routledge Companion to Beauty Politics, 94–102. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429283734-12.

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Hall, Ronald E. "Colorism by Education." In Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Colorism, 65–74. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003302889-8.

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Hall, Ronald E. "Colorism by Income." In Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Colorism, 86–94. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003302889-10.

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Hall, Ronald E. "Africans Before Colorism." In The Historical Globalization of Colorism, 3–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84335-9_1.

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Shankar, P. Ravi, and Sabita Paudel. "Colorism in Nepal." In The Routledge International Handbook of Colorism, 263–79. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003410676-21.

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Rondilla, Joanne L., Lesther A. Papa, Christian John S. Aurelio, Darmae Lehua M. Bumatay, Kevin Roi E. Cabe, Nicole Aryanne D. Estrella, Arianna Nicole E. Orsua, Kayla Celest C. Taduran, Kayla P. Le, and Emily K. Thach. "Filipinx American Colorism." In The Routledge International Handbook of Colorism, 117–32. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003410676-10.

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Khalid, Tanzeela, and Sana Arshad. "Colorism and Pakistan." In The Routledge International Handbook of Colorism, 280–96. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003410676-22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Colorism"

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Bailey-Fakhoury, Chasity. "Colorism and Disciplinary Outcomes of Black Girls in School." In 2023 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/2016063.

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Wickett, Amy. "Not so Black and White: An Algorithmic Approach to Detecting Colorism in Criminal Sentencing." In COMPASS '21: ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3460112.3471942.

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John, Kenesma. "Brown Skin Girl: Mapping the Virtual Negotiations of Colorism, Anti-Blackness, and Digital Resistance." In 2024 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/2106596.

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Albritton, Jayme. "“Racism Isn’t a Problem”? Exploring Racism, Colorism, and Whiteness in a Predominately Latine School Community." In 2024 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/2102677.

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Mukkamalla, Snehi. "Impact of Colorism and Race-Related Stress on Black College Students' Academic and Psychosocial Outcomes." In AERA 2023. USA: AERA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/ip.23.2012521.

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Penao, Giovanna A. B., Miguel A. D. R. Palma, Simone Dantas, and Diana Sasaki. "Infinite families of Kochol superpositions of Goldberg with Blowup snarks are Type 2." In Encontro de Teoria da Computação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/etc.2024.2072.

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A q-total coloring of a graph G is an assignment of q colors to the vertices and edges of G, so that adjacent or incident elements have different colors. The Total Coloring Conjecture (TCC) asserts that an optimum total coloring of G has at least ∆+1 and at most ∆+2 colors. We determine that all members of new infinite families of snarks obtained by the Kochol superposition of Goldberg with Blowup snarks are Type 1.
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Szep, Tamas, and Zoltan Adam Mann. "Graph coloring: The more colors, the better?" In 2010 11th International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics (CINTI). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cinti.2010.5672261.

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Ghaffari, Mohsen, Fabian Kuhn, Yannic Maus, and Jara Uitto. "Deterministic distributed edge-coloring with fewer colors." In STOC '18: Symposium on Theory of Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3188745.3188906.

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Asano, Chie Muraki, Yuki Ohba, Yuika Ohyama, Takako Sasaki, and Akira Asano. "A Study on the Relationship between Children's Developmental Stages and Sense of Color." In 9th International Conference on Kansei Engineering and Emotion Research (KEER2022). Kansei Engineering and Emotion Research (KEER), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788419184849.03.

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It is well known that human sensitivity to color and expressive ability varies with age and gender. In addition, the perception, understanding, and comprehension of color vary according to developmental stage and color-related experiences. This study is one approach to research to clarify the relationship between such "sense of color" as above and the developmental stages of children. In this study, the coloring behavior of teenage subjects; elementary school, junior high school, and university students, to coloring book images were investigated using iPads. The characteristics of coloring and color schemes used in the coloring books were analyzed to explore the relationship with the developmental stages of the children. The coloring book images, mandala-like patterns, used in the investigation were designed originally based on some preliminary investigations. In addition, the original palette of colors systematically arranged in hues and tones was specified to quantitatively analyze the characteristics of the colors used in the coloring book. The results showed that the hues of colors used with high frequency in coloring books changed as the developmental stage progressed and that the range of tones by the combination of saturation and lightness widened. It was also found that the color schemes were simple and easy to understand at younger ages, while the complexity of the color schemes increased as the children grew older.
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Rocha, Aleffer, Sheila M. Almeida, and Leandro M. Zatesko. "The Rainbow Connection Number of Triangular Snake Graphs." In Encontro de Teoria da Computação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/etc.2020.11091.

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Rainbow coloring problems, of noteworthy applications in Information Security, have been receiving much attention last years in Combinatorics. The rainbow connection number of a graph G is the least number of colors for a (not necessarily proper) edge coloring of G such that between any pair of vertices there is a path whose edge colors are all distinct. In this paper we determine the rainbow connection number of the triple triangular snake graphs.
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Reports on the topic "Colorism"

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Bodenhorn, Howard, and Christopher Ruebeck. Colorism and African American Wealth: Evidence from the Nineteenth-Century South. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11732.

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Son, Jihyeong, NIgel AR Joseph, and Vicki McCracken. Does the Outdoor Industry Perpetuate Whiteness? An Examination of Colorism with Athleisure and Outdoor Brands Instagram Posts. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.10231.

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Martindale, Addie K. Unicorn Colors. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.8465.

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Lawrence, Jim. Distributive lattices and hypergraph coloring. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.5942.

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Booker, Lewis T., and Jr. Changing the Lines in the Coloring Book. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425910.

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Xu, Dongyan, Eugene H. Spafford, and Xuxian Jiang. Process Coloring: An Information Flow-Preserving Approach to Malware Investigation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada510177.

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Aslam, Javed A., and Aditi Dhagat. On-Line Algorithms for 2-Coloring Hypergraphs via Chip Games. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada230200.

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Jin, Zheming. Experience of Migrating Parallel Graph Coloring from CUDA to SYCL. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1864412.

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Jin, Zheming. Experience of Migrating Parallel Graph Coloring from CUDA to SYCL. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1864412.

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Sánchez Ruiloba, Lucía. Las proteínas fluorescentes, nuevos colores para la biología celular. Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular (SEBBM), April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18567/sebbmdiv_rpc.2013.04.1.

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