Dissertations / Theses: 'Colour psychology'

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Dunwoody, Lynn. "The psychophysiology of colour." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385815.

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Kusnir, Maria Flor. "Automatic letter-colour associations in non-synaesthetes and their relation to grapheme-colour synaesthesia." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4922/.

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Although grapheme-colour synaesthesia is a well-characterized phenomenon in which achromatic letters and/or digits involuntarily trigger specific colour sensations, its underlying mechanisms remain unresolved. Models diverge on a central question: whether triggered sensations reflect (i) an overdeveloped capacity in normal cross-modal processing (i.e., sharing characteristics with the general population), or rather (ii) qualitatively deviant processing (i.e., unique to a few individuals). We here address this question on several fronts: first, with adult synaesthesia-trainees and second with congenital grapheme-colour synaesthetes. In Chapter 3, we investigate whether synaesthesia-like (automatic) letter-colour associations may be learned by non- synaesthetes into adulthood. To this end, we developed a learning paradigm that aimed to implicitly train such associations while keeping participants naïve as to the end-goal of the experiments (i.e., the formation of letter-colour associations), thus mimicking the learning conditions of acquired grapheme- colour synaesthesia (Hancock, 2006; Witthoft & Winawer, 2006). In two experiments, we found evidence for significant binding of colours to letters by non-synaesthetes. These learned associations showed synaesthesia-like characteristics despite an absence of conscious, colour concurrents, correlating with individual performance on synaesthetic Stroop-tasks (experiment 1), and modulated by the colour-opponency effect (experiment 2) (Nikolic, Lichti, & Singer, 2007), suggesting formation on a perceptual (rather than conceptual) level. In Chapter 4, we probed the nature of these learned, synaesthesia-like associations by investigating the brain areas involved in their formation. Using transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to interfere with two distinct brain regions, we found an enhancement of letter-colour learning in adult trainees following dlPFC-stimulation, suggesting a role for the prefrontal cortex in the release of binding processes. In Chapter 5, we attempt to integrate our results from synaesthesia-learners with the neural mechanisms of grapheme-colour synaesthesia, as assessed in six congenital synaesthetes using novel techniques in magnetoencephalography. While our results may not support the existence of a “synaesthesia continuum,” we propose that they still relate to synaesthesia in a meaningful way.

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Powell, Georgina. "Conscious perception of illusory colour." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/56822/.

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Visual perception can be defined as the ability to interpret the pattern of light entering the eyes to form a reliable, useful representation of the world. A well-accepted perspective suggests that these interpretations are influenced by prior knowledge about the statistics of natural scenes and are generated by combining information from different cues. This thesis investigates how these processes influence our perception of two phenomena: afterimages and colour distortions across the visual field. Both are generated on the retina, do not represent meaningful properties of the physical world, and are rarely perceived during natural viewing. We suggested that afterimage signals are inherently ambiguous and thus are highly influenced by cues that increase or decrease the likelihood that they represent a real object. Consistent with this idea, we found that afterimages are enhanced by contextual edges more so than real stimuli of similar appearance. Moreover, afterimage duration was reduced by saccadic eye-movements relative to fixation, pursuit, and blinking, perhaps because saccades cause an afterimage to move differently to real object and thus provide a cue that the afterimage is illusory. Contextual edges and saccades were found to influence afterimage duration additively, although contextual edges dominated the probability of perceiving an afterimage more than saccades. The final part of the thesis explored the hypothesis that colour distortions across the retina, produced mainly by spectral filtering differences between the periphery and fovea, are compensated in natural viewing conditions. However, we did not find evidence of compensatory mechanisms in the two natural conditions tested, namely eye-movements (as opposed to surface movements) and natural spectra (as opposed to screen-based spectra). Taken together, the experiments in this thesis demonstrate that these ‘illusory’ phenomena perceived strongly in laboratory conditions but rarely during natural viewing, are useful tools to probe how perceptual decisions are made under different conditions.

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Mikellides, B. "Emotional and behavioural reaction to colour in the built environment." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233455.

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Akbay, Saadet. "Multi-attitudinal Approaches Of Colour Perception: Construing Eleven Basic Colours By Repertory Grid Technique." Phd thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615567/index.pdf.

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Colour is a basic aspect of perception and the perception of colour varies from individual to individual. This indicates that the perception of colours mean different semantics in various contexts to different individuals. Therefore, these differences in perception forms to behave in different attitudes towards colours among individuals and it is likely to achieve different attitudinal responses to colours from individuals. Relying on the effects of colours on individuals, the initial interest of this thesis is to explore the attitudinal approaches of individuals to colours. This thesis is first and foremost exploratory in nature. This thesis intended as a first step towards exploring the ways in which the individuals think of, construe and give meaning to colours in their own words. The subjective approach proposed in terms of this thesis is based on the underlying philosophy behind Personal Construct Theory (PCT). In order to elicit the individuals&rsquo
ways of construing and giving meaning to colours in their own words, an experiment was conducted with the utilisation of the Repertory Grid Technique (RGT). Sixty undergraduate students of Middle East Technical University (METU) Faculty of Architecture were voluntarily participated in the experiment. As a stimuli, eleven basic colours which were black, grey, white, yellow, orange, red, pink, purple, brown, blue and green were utilised. For the second step, this thesis intended investigating the structure and interrelations between the elicited attitudes of individuals and eleven basic colours. As a result of the experiment, 60 repertory grids were elicited and were analysed by using the qualitative and quantitative applications of content analysis. The resulted data afterwards were analysed by using multivariate statistical analysis methods. The overall results of this research can support certain information for further scientific investigations on colour perception and colour psychology. Additionally, the results of this research can help and guide designers to attain objective understandings about the individuals&rsquo
attitudes to colours. This can contribute to designers as a practical worthwhile during colour design and colour planning in their products and services.

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Kleintjes, Sharon Rose. "Black clinical psychology interns at a 'white' university : their experience of colour during training." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13536.

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Bibliography: leaves 71-74.
This study examines whether black clinical psychology interns at a "white" university experience issues during training which they perceive to be colour-related, and suggests ways of dealing with these issues as part of training. The results are based on 22 one-hour semi-structured interviews conducted with four male and three female black ('Coloured', 'Asian' and 'Black') interns drawn from a group of 12 who had completed their first year of the Clinical Psychology Master's programme at the Child Guidance Clinic (CGC), University of Cape Town, between 1976 and 1990. At the time of interviewing four respondents were registered psychologists and three were intern psychologists. Interviews were taped and transcribed verbatim. The data was analysed qualitatively. Emergent themes are: Not feeling good enough, language and articulation, relating to classmates and trainers, working with clients, and talking about black concerns. There was substantial variation between interns within these themes in terms of the perceived impact of colour-related issues during their training. While provision should be made for the black intern who does experience significant effects from racially-related issues during training to work through these, interns (and trainers) should avoid overlabelling training difficulties as racially based. Other suggestions include the following: (a) Preselection information sent to applicants for the course could outline the CGC's informal policy on training interns from all races. (b) Reading and seminars held during orientation could include literature and discussion which would facilitate talking about black concerns. (c) Black staff could be appointed to the clinical training team. (d) Supervisors need to become more aware of the ways in which colour-related issues may affect interns' training, and of ways to facilitate interns' dealing with these issues where necessary. One possible model of the supervisor's role in the development of the intern's professional identity, including black interns, is briefly outlined.

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Maguire, Moira S. "Pattern contingent colour aftereffects (PCCAEs) and the menstrual cycle." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318806.

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Franklin, Anna. "The origin and nature of categorical perception of colour." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843703/.

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Categorical Perception (CP) is shown when stimuli that cross a category boundary are discriminated faster, more accurately or more easily than equivalently spaced stimuli from within a category. This thesis investigated the origin and nature of CP of color by asking three questions. First, is CP hardwired? Second, what is the effect of language on CP? Third, is CP really perceptual? These three questions were addressed in a series of experiments that took developmental and cross-cultural approaches. Category effects consistent with the CP model were shown in four-month old infants, toddlers and children across a range of boundaries, using a range of tasks. For the toddlers, there was no effect of colour term acquisition on the size of the category effect. Additionally, despite cross-cultural differences in naming, there were no cross-cultural differences in the size of the category effect in toddlers. There were cross-cultural differences in the category effect in children, although these differences could not easily be explained by differences in naming. The underlying mechanisms of the category effects were explored, certain mechanisms were ruled out, although the exact nature of the category effects in the infants, toddlers and children was unclear. Three conclusions were made. Firstly, it was concluded that the presence of categorical responding in infants may suggest that the category effect is hardwired, although it was also acknowledged that infant categories may be acquired. Secondly, it was concluded that language is not the origin of all category effects and that language does not modify the category effect in toddlers or in children. Finally, it was concluded that 'Categorical Perception' may actually be a range of effects, with a range of underlying mechanisms. Future research is suggested to investigate whether the category effects in infants are acquired, to investigate why effects of language on the category effect are found in adult but not toddler and child studies, and to investigate the exact nature of category effects found in infants, toddlers, children and adults.

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Sharman, Rebecca J. "Cue combination of colour and luminance in edge detection." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14029/.

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Much is known about visual processing of chromatic and luminance information. However, less is known about how these two signals are combined. This thesis has three aims to investigate how colour and luminance are combined in edge detection. 1) To determine whether presenting colour and luminance information together improves performance in tasks such as edge localisation and blur detection. 2) To investigate how the visual system resolves conflicts between colour and luminance edge information. 3) To explore whether colour and luminance edge information is always combined in the same way. It is well known that the perception of chromatic blur can be constrained by sharp luminance information in natural scenes. The first set of experiments (Chapter 3) quantifies this effect and demonstrates that it cannot be explained by poorer acuity in processing chromatic information, higher contrast of luminance information or differences in the statistical structure of colour and luminance information in natural scenes. It is therefore proposed that there is a neural mechanism that actively promotes luminance information. Chapter 4 and Experiments 5.1 and 5.3 aimed to investigate whether the presence of both chromatic and luminance information improves edge localisation performance. Participant performance in a Vernier acuity (alignment) task was compared to predictions from three models; ‘winner takes all’, unweighted averaging and maximum likelihood estimation (a form of weighted averaging). Despite several attempts to differentiate the models we failed to increase the differences in model predictions sufficiently and it was not possible to determine whether edge localisation was enhanced by the presence of both cues. In Experiment 5.4 we investigated how edges are localised when colour and luminance cues conflict, using the method of adjustment. Maximum likelihood estimation was used to make predictions based on measurements of each cue in isolation. These predictions were then compared to observed data. It was found that, whilst maximum likelihood estimation captured the pattern of the data, it consistently over-estimated the weight of the luminance component. It is suggested that chromatic information may be weighted more heavily than predicted as it is more useful for detecting object boundaries in natural scenes. In Chapter 6 a novel approach, perturbation discrimination, was used to investigate how the spatial arrangement of chromatic and luminance cues, and the type of chromatic and luminance information, can affect cue combination. Perturbation discrimination requires participants to select the grating stimulus that contains spatial perturbation. If one cue dominated over the other it was expected that this would be reflected by masking and increased perturbation detection thresholds. We compared perturbation thresholds for chromatic and luminance defined line and square-wave gratings in isolation and when presented with a mask of the other channel and other grating type. For example, the perturbation threshold for a luminance line target alone was compared to the threshold for a luminance line target presented with a chromatic square-wave target. The introduction of line masks caused masking for both combinations. Introduction of an achromatic square-wave mask had no effect on perturbation thresholds for chromatic line targets. However, the introduction of a chromatic square-wave mask to luminance line targets improved perturbation discrimination performance. This suggests that the perceived location of the chromatic edges is determined by the location of the luminance lines. Finally, in Chapter 7, we investigated whether chromatic blur is constrained by luminance information in bipartite edges. Earlier in the thesis we demonstrated that luminance information constrains chromatic blur in natural scenes, but also that chromatic information has more influence than expected when colour and luminance edges conflict. This difference may be due to differences in the stimuli or due to differences in the task. The luminance masking effect found using natural scenes was replicated using bipartite edges. Therefore, the finding that luminance constrains chromatic blur is not limited to natural scene stimuli. This suggests that colour and luminance are combined differently for blur discrimination tasks and edge localisation tasks. Overall we can see that luminance often dominates in edge perception tasks. For blur discrimination this seems to be because the mechanisms differ. For edge localisation it might be simply that luminance cues are often higher contrast and, when this is equated, chromatic cues are actually a good indicator of edge location.

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Pringle, Hayley. "Cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease : an investigation using colour tasks." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2002. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843756/.

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Three separate studies employed colour tasks to investigate aspects of cognitive impairment in AD. In the first study an information-processing framework was developed using a model of colour processing (Davidoff, 1991, 1997), and the framework guided the design of a number of colour tasks. Contributions of AD and impaired colour vision to task performance were considered, and findings suggested impaired memory and executive functions but relatively intact perceptual functions in AD. Executive functions were the focus of the second study. AD patients are typically impaired on the form sorting component of the Colour-Form Sorting Task (Weigl, 1941) and this impairment was hypothesised to originate from an executive function deficit. The decision-making load of the CFST was varied, and findings suggested that impaired form sorting may originate from a deficit in selective attention to competing stimulus dimensions. The third study was a case study of a 61 year-old woman with visual variant AD who presented with two specific deficits: global processing impairment and inability to name the colour of the ink in the Stroop task. Approaches to the study of selective attention can be divided into two types: holistic and analytic (Shalev & Algom, 2000). The holistic approach was used to investigate her global processing impairment, and the impairment appeared to originate from a feature integration deficit. The analytic approach was used to investigate her Stroop impairment. Findings suggested a deficit in selective attention to competing stimulus dimensions that was perhaps more severe than that shown in standard AD; letter form/colour are for most people separable dimensions, but they appeared integral for her. Participants found the tasks non-anxiety provoking and enjoyable to complete, therefore future research might aim to develop a more comprehensive battery of colour tasks to assess cognitive impairments in AD.

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Cooke, Jacqueline. "The implications of stimulus colour consistency for theories of negative priming." Thesis, University of Essex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248637.

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Davis, Stephanie. "Being a queer and/or trans person of colour in the UK : psychology, intersectionality and subjectivity." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2017. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/f9b518c5-e8b9-4a37-88b1-b2e4320f4f57.

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This research looks at the emergence of queer and trans people of colour (QTPOC) activist groups in the UK, considering the tensions around inclusion and belonging across lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and queer (LGBTQ) and of colour communities for these individuals. The research sought to explore what QTPOC activism means in the UK context, how it operates and for what purpose; the ways QTPOC activisms support the negotiation and affirmation of marginalised sexual, gender, racial identities and/or help navigate racism, queerphobia and transphobia; and in what ways personal involvement with QTPOC activisms impact subjectivity. The research was grounded in a critical psychology approach, firmly situating QTPOC within wider social, political and historical contexts to understand how subjectivities were formed and shaped. Drawing on postcolonial and black feminist theory, the research emphasised coloniality and the postcolonial context of the UK as well as utilising an intersectional lens to explore the intersections of race, gender and sexuality at the macro and micro levels. Inspired by Johnson’s (2015) psychosocial manifesto, the research also focused on ontology and the feeling, embodied experience of being-in-the-world. Knitting together postcolonial, black feminist and queer theory alongside critical psychology a novel phenomenological interpretative framework was developed which attended to both the wider contexts and the everyday lived experience of being a queer and trans person of colour involved in QTPOC activism. Utilising interventions into phenomenology by Fanon (1986) and Ahmed (2006) a queerly raced hermeneutic phenomenological analysis was developed. This was used to analyse the data from focus group and photo elicitation interviews with participants from three different QTPOC groups across the UK. The research highlighted QTPOC experiences of exclusion from mainstream LGBTQ communities and of non-belonging as a racialized, gendered, sexualized Other within the postcolonial British context. Participants shared the difficulties of finding the language to understand their own lived experiences within a society orientated around and towards white (hetero)normativity. QTPOC activist groups were experienced as spaces of belonging; in which to disidentify from white heteronormativity; of affirmation; and in which one could begin to decolonise gender and sexuality. The difficulties of activist organising were also considered; the privileging of paranoid reading and how to manage conflict and abuse, the possibilities of reparative reading (Sedgwick, 2003) and how to relate to histories of politically Black struggle. This is the first research of its kind to explore QTPOC activism in the UK. It will be of interest to critical psychology, psychosocial and gender and sexuality scholars to explore intersectionality and coloniality and the postcolonial further. The development of an original and creative phenomenological interpretative framework will be of interest to researchers exploring the lived experiences of those racialized, and of minoritized gender and sexuality. It provides recommendations for further research and interventions into practice for counsellors, third sector organisations and activists.

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Mbatha, Slindile. "Understanding skin colour: Exploring colourism and its articulation among black and coloured students." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24914.

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While international scholars have increasingly drawn attention to colourism as a social phenomenon, South Africa has yet to understand its various expressions in the wake of a history of apartheid. Colourism can be described as "prejudicial treatment of individuals based on varying degrees of skin colour." This has significant implications for people of colour, who are often targets of racism, but also perpetrators of skin tone discrimination among their own racial group. The main objective of this study was twofold: to enquire about the existence of colourism, and to determine how it may possibly articulate itself as an everyday phenomenon among students. A sample of black and coloured students were drawn from the University of Cape Town student population. Qualitative focus group interviews were conducted to collect all necessary data. The results indicated the existence of colourism in the lives of students including their relationships with family members, friends, potential intimate partners, and in their wider societal context. A thematic analysis revealed four main themes: a) Racial identity formation; b) Skin tone valuations and their influence in the colourism hierarchy; c) Gendered articulations of colourism; and d) Trauma and its effect on the expression of colourism. Racial identity formed an important part of how students situated themselves positively or negatively in the historical and present day context of South Africa. Skin tone valuations meant that greater value was often placed on light skin as an attribute of beauty, wealth and intelligence. However, this was mediated by gender such that the value placed on light and dark skin was often determined by gender. One crucial observation was the pervasive nature of cultural trauma in and through experiences of colourism. Through a process of symbolic violence, colourism was understood as internalised racism which becomes a weapon wielded by black and coloured individuals against themselves. As such, inherited racist beliefs about the inferiority of darker skin, and superiority of lighter skin have been internalised, even among a post-apartheid generation of youth.

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Vernon, David J. "Effects of colour transformations on implicit and explicit tests of memory for natural objects." Thesis, University of Kent, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342269.

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Jadva, Vasanti. "Sex differences in 12, 18 and 24-old-month infants' preference for colour, toys and shape." Thesis, City, University of London, 2006. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/18934/.

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Introduction: A growing number of studies have found differences between boys' and girls' preferences for sex-typed toys during infancy. Toy preferences have been explained using biological, social and cognitive theories. More recently, focus has turned towards the low-level properties of toys that boys and girls find attractive. The present study was designed to assess the relationship between toy preference and toy colour, as well as to examine sex differences in infants' preferences for colour and shape. In addition, sex differences in the colours of infants' home environments, and in the colour and type of infants' toys, were examined. Method: A total of 120 infants aged 12, 18 or 24 months took part in the study, with 20 males and 20 females in each age group. Colour, toy and shape preference were assessed using the preferential looking task, whereby two images were presented to each infant simultaneously and the infant's gaze was recorded onto videotape. These tapes were later coded to determine the length of time the infant looked at each image. In addition, parental interviews were conducted to obtain data about the colour of infants' home environments and their toy preferences. Results: Sex and age differences in visual preferences for toys were found when the brightness of pink and blue were controlled. Boys looked longer at the car than girls and girls looked longer at the doll than boys. This preference for sex-typed toys was greatest when the infants looked at a same-sex-typed toy coloured in a same-sextyped colour. Despite this overall sex difference, 12-month-olds, irrespective of their sex, looked at the doll more than the car. Infants were not found to show any sex differences in their visual preference for pink versus blue or for angular versus rounded shapes. Sex differences were not found in the colour of infants' bedrooms, bedcovers or bedroom curtains but sex differences were found in the colours of infant playrooms and clothing. With regard to reported toy play, boys played with more vehicles than girls, and girls played with more dolls than boys. A positive relationship was found between infants' reported play with vehicles and their looking time at the car on the preferential looking task. Conclusions: Infants as young as 18 and 24 months show sex-typed visual preferences for toys which are strengthened when the toys are coloured in same sextyped colours. Sex differences in shape preference and colour preference were not found in the present study. Instead, boys and girls were found to be similar in their preference for rounded shapes over angular shapes, and for red over blue.

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Williams, Kate Elizabeth. "The representation of colour in episodic object memory : evidence from a recognition-induced forgetting paradigm." Thesis, Swansea University, 2014. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42652.

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Empirical evidence suggesting colour influences object recognition is mixed; leading to conclusions that colour may not always be represented in object memory. Positive evidence for the representation of colour in episodic object memory is often complicated by the possibility that encoding specificity may be responsible for such observations. The current thesis examined whether colour is represented and makes an independent contribution of shape in episodic memory for familiar and novel objects, using a modified paradigm based on the typical retrieval- practice task (e.g., Anderson, Bjork, & Bjork, 1994). Participants studied pictures of objects, presented one at a time. In a subsequent practice phase, participants either performed Old/New recognition with a subset of the studied objects and their distractors (Experiments 1-7), or they rated a subset of the studied objects for attractiveness, complexity, and usefulness (Experiments 8 and 9). The critical manipulation concerned the nature of unpracticed objects. Unpracticed objects shared either shape only (Rp- Shape), colour only (Rp-Colour), both shape and colour (Rp-Both), or neither shape nor colour (Rp-Neither), with the practiced objects. Interference effects in memory between practiced and unpracticed items are revealed m the forgetting of related unpracticed items - retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF). If both shape and colour information is explicit in the object representations in episodic memory, then there would be significant RIF for unpracticed objects sharing shape only and colour only with the practiced objects. RIF was significant for Rp-Shape and Rp-Colour objects, suggesting that shape and colour are represented and independently drive competition effects in episodic object memory. The use of RIF to probe those representations improves on previous evidence, because it bypasses alternative encoding specificity explanations. The current work provides proof of concept for a modified retrieval-practice paradigm and establishes it as a tool to probe feature- based representations that do not easily lend themselves to retrieval practice.

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Romberg, Minna, and Måsén Petra Johansson. "Är det dags att byta färg? : Vad tjänar varumärken på att bryta mot etablerade färgnormer?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-16894.

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Problem: Färg har en stor associativ inverkan hos individer och är därför en viktig faktor vid varumärkesbyggande. Inom olika produktkategorier finns starkt etablerade färgnormer som följs men nu ser vi en utveckling på den svenska marknaden där etablerade färgnormer börjar ifrågasättas. Vi frågar oss vilka fördelar denna normbrottsstrategi har och hur den inverkar på konsumenter. Kanske har färgteorierna spelat ut sin roll och att det är dags för varumärken att bryta mönstret för att nå framgång. Vår frågeställning är således: Hur associerar svenska konsumenter färg till olika känslor, produktkategorier och varumärken? Vad tjänar varumärken på att bryta mot etablerade färgnormer? Syfte: Vi vill studera det glapp som finns mellan rådande färgteorier och det normbrott vi upptäckt på den svenska marknaden. Vi vill skapa en tydligare förståelse för konsumentens färgassociationer samt deras inställning till normbrottet för att undersöka vad varumärken kan tjäna på att avvika från färgnormen. Teori: Vårt teoretiska ramverk består av färgteorier, kommunikationsprocessen samt köpbeslutprocessen. Metod: Mailintervjuer med yrkesverksamma sker i syfte att sätta färg i ett produktperspektiv och vi analyserar meningsinnehållet i denna information för att se hur väl tillämpade färgteorierna är i deras arbetsprocess. Huvudstudien är riktad till potentiella konsumenter bosatta i Sverige och har skett genom ett webbaserat frågeformulär som sker genom ett bekvämlighetsurval. Deduktivt undersöker vi hur respondenterna förhåller sig till teorier om färg. Del 1 i formuläret består av sluta svarsalternativ och testar vilken av elementarfärgerna respondenten kopplar till en given känsla enligt teorin. Del 2 består av bildfrågor som testar konsumentens förhållande till normbrottet ur ett produktperspektiv. Resultat: I mailintervjuerna med de yrkesverksamma åskådliggjordes en stor medvetenhet om färgteorier och färgens kommunikativa inverkan, färgvalet utgår från de emotionella reaktioner som färg väcker. Del 1 av undersökningen visade ett svagt associativt samband mellan färg och känsla enligt färgteorierna. Färgerna vit och gul hade högst respektive lägst associativt resultat. Det visades inga större skillnader mellan hur kvinnor och män svarat. Resultatet i del 2 visade en särskild benägenhet hos respondenter att välja en normbrytande färgsättning bland elektronikprodukterna. Slutsatser: Det visade sig att få respondenter är villiga att bryta mot färgnormer, vilket talar för tidigare forskning som säger att färgvalen ofta baseras utifrån vad de ska avbilda. Kvinnor och män tenderade att svara på samma sätt i båda delarna av frågeformuläret, vilket får tidigare diskussioner kring färgsättning och kön att kännas förlegad. Däremot valde en äldre åldersgrupp den röda TV:n. Arbete har betydelse då respondenter med heltidsarbete i större utsträckning valde att bryta mot normer.
Issue: Colour has great associative impact on individuals therefore colour plays an important role in brand building. We see a development on the Swedish marketplace where strongly established colour norms that are ruled in diverse product categories start to be called into question. We ask ourselves what benefits a break of norm has and how it affects consumers. Perhaps the theories of colour should be stepped away from and now it is time for brands to break the pattern for success. Our question is therefore: How do Swedish consumers associate colour to different emotions, product categories and brands? What can brands benefit from going against the established colour norms? Purpose: This study examines the existing gap between the current colour theories and the break of norm we have discovered on the Swedish market. We want to create a clearer picture of consumers associations of colour and their attitude to the break of norm in purpose to investigate what brands can benefit from deviating from the color norms. Theoretical framework: Our theoretical framework consists of colour theories, the communication process and the purchase decision process. Methodology: The mail interviews with professionals are done in order to bring suit in a product perspective, we analyze the meaning content of this information to see how well the applied colour theories are in their work process. The main study is aimed at potential consumers residing in Sweden and has been implemented with a web-based questionnaire that takes place through a convenience sample. Deductive, we examine how the respondents relate to theories of colour. Part 1 of the form consists of close-out response options, and test which of the elementary colours the respondent connects to a given emotion of the theory. Part 2 consists of picture questions that test the consumer's relationship to the break of norm from a product perspective. Results: The mail interviews with professionals showed a great awareness of colour theory and the communicative impact of colour. The color choice is based on the emotional responses that colour evokes. Part 1 of the survey showed a slight associative relationship between colour and emotion of the colour theory. The colour white showed the highest associative result and yellow showed the lowest. There were no major differences between how men and women responded. The results in Part 2 showed a particular tendency of respondents to choose a norm breaking colouration among electronic products. Conclusion: It turned out that few respondents were willing to break the colour norms, which points to previous research that says that the colour choices often are based on what they will portray. Women and men tended to respond similarly in both parts of the questionnaire, which make earlier discussions about colour and gender seem antiquated. However, an older age group tended to chose the norm breaking red TV. Employment is important, as respondents with full-time work increasingly chose to violate the norms.

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Whitehead, Ross David. "Dietary effects on skin colour : appearance-based incentives to improve fruit and vegetable consumption." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3371.

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Poor diet precipitates significant social and economic burden, necessitating effective and economical dietary intervention strategies. Current population-level campaigns provide guidelines for living healthily and focus on the impact of lifestyle on chronic disease risk. Behavioural interventions which capitalise on individuals' existing cognitions are likely to be more effective. A programme of work is presented here which evaluates the feasibility and efficacy of an appearance-based dietary intervention approach. This project aims to improve fruit and vegetable consumption by illustrating the associated benefits to skin appearance. The impact of fruit and vegetable consumption on skin colour is assessed (Chapter 6), corroborating previous between-subjects evidence which finds that dermal yellowness (CIE b*) is positively associated with fruit and vegetable intake. This work also discovers that modest within-subject dietary change is sufficient to perceptibly alter skin colour within six weeks (Chapter 7). Perceptual preferences are examined (Chapters 5 to 9), finding that optimally healthy skin colouration is that associated with increased fruit and vegetable consumption. Two behavioural intervention trials are conducted (Chapters 6 and 9) to evaluate whether visualising the impact of fruit and vegetable consumption on skin colour motivates dietary improvement. Relative to control groups, participants receiving an appearance-based intervention (in which the above effects are illustrated and explained) reported improvements in diet, particularly when illustrations were performed upon images of one's own face. It may be valuable to disseminate such an intervention at a population level, though a number of further longitudinal studies are necessary to determine the wider effectiveness of this approach.

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Pedroso, Dulce. "Still I Ride : How Women of Colour are challenging discourses in and through Cycling." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-46112.

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In a cultural context in which the car dominates and has become normalised, cyclists are often marginalised. For a Woman of Colour, cycling can introduce an additional layer of othering. She is already invisible as a Woman of Colour in broader society that privileges whiteness and maleness and she is not seen to belong to the cycling culture, which has tended to peddle narrow stereotypical representations of cyclists. She may also be breaking gender norms within her community. The project pairs Stuart Hall’s theories of representation and reception and bell hooks’ concepts of ‘talking back’ and the ‘oppositional gaze’ with tools and frameworks from critical discourse analysis, to explore the question of how, in the UK context, dominant discourses around cycling, gender and race play out in the experience of Women of Colour who cycle, and how these discourses are being challenged. With ‘rolling ethnography’, or participant observation on bikes, as its method the project finds that masculine sporty representations in cycling have concrete and material effects on the experience of cycling for women. At the same time, the lack of race and ethnic diversity in the cycling culture heightens the visibility of Women of Colour cycling in public spaces and raises questions about belonging. Women of Colour who cycle use various strategies to challenge this erasure: by rejecting the connotative meanings that centre White masculinity in cycling; by inversing gendered representations; by assimilating into the dominant discourse in cycling and by displaying joy. Applying approaches and frameworks more familiar to the study of communication, the project aims to contribute to the existing body of research on cycling culture in the UK. In doing so, it seeks to move beyond just discussing barriers faced by under-represented groups to critically exploring meanings attached to cycling and what the fluidity of these could mean for efforts to increase diversity in cycling.

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Crosby, Marianne. "Color psychology and graphic design /." Lynchburg, VA : Liberty University, 2007. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.

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Kronvall, Alf. "Perceptionsanalys av tre webbplatser som använder Flash : skillnader i syn på färg och form bland kvinnliga och manliga Internetanvändare i olika åldersgrupper." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Communication, Technology and Design, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-340.

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Denna uppsats undersöker hur kvinnor och män i olika åldersgrupper förhåller sig till Flashapplikationer utifrån deras uppfattning om färg och form. Deltagarna som består av skolungdomar, nyexaminerade studenter och pensionärer har genom en enkät och en semistrukturerad intervjuform fått redogöra för sina intryck av Santa Marias, Eccos och Indiskas webbplatser.

Undersökningsdeltagarna identifierar Flashelementen genom deras rörelser. Deltagarna vill välja om de ska se animationer och andra applikationer skapade i Flash för att inte tappa koncentrationen från övrigt innehåll. Studenterna i undersökningen har en mer kritisk hållning till färgval, formgivning och användandet av Flash än övriga. Kvinnorna i undersökningen har en mer liberal hållning till färg och form än männen.

This essay explores how men and women in different age groups experiences Flashapplications, depending on their perception of colour and form. The participants, teenagers at a junior high school, students who just have finished their degree and senior citizens have by answering a form and by taking part in a semi structured interview been able to express their opinion of the following Scandinavian web pages: Santa Maria, Ecco and Indiska.

The participants identify the flash objects by their movements. The participants want to be able to choose weather or not to see the animations and other applications created in Flash, to avoid loosing focus on the other information the trademarks wants to express. The students have the most critical approach to colour, form and the use of Flash objects. The female participants have a more liberal approach to colour and form then the male participants.

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Popelka, Milan. "Využití metody barvově slovních asociací v marketingu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162210.

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Diploma thesis aims to show the possibilities of using the method of colour-word associations in marketing. For this purpose, the first chapter deals with the psychology of consumer. The second chapter is following by an overview of marketing tools. The third chapter focuses on standard methods of marketing research, supplemented by field of neuromarketing. The colour-word association method is characterized in detail in the forth chapter, where the general directions of its possible using are defined. Examples of using the method of colour-word associations in marketing research are presented in the fifth chapter. The practically usable outputs for the needs of marketers are introduced by some real researches undertaken by Zamestnanci.com Ltd.

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Brockbank-Chasey, Samuel. "Of colors and words : perceptual and semantic influences in the cognitive processing of color." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0353.

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L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier l’influence de facteurs perceptifs et psycholinguistiques sur la couleur, en tant que construction cognitive. Des millions de teintes peuvent être discriminées alors que moins d’une centaine de termes de couleur existe. L’origine des onze termes basiques identifiés dans la littérature reste débattue, mais serait plutôt perceptive pour les couleurs uniques noir, blanc, rouge, vert, jaune et bleu, et liée à un consensus culturel et langagier pour orange, marron, rose, violet et gris. La couleur aurait aussi une dimension émotionnelle, comme le suggère l’expression langagière « voir rouge ». Dans ce travail, une première étude a examiné l’organisation conceptuelle des 11 termes de couleur basiques. Les participants devaient fournir le niveau de proximité entre chacun des termes pris deux-a-deux. Les résultats ont montré que l’espace coloré conceptuel était corrélé à l’espace coloré perceptif pour toutes les couleurs uniques sauf le jaune. Les autres couleurs basiques s’organisaient selon des facteurs perceptifs, ainsi que culturels, en relation avec leur association à certains concepts ou connaissances sémantiques. Une deuxième étude a permis de préciser la familiarité et la valence émotionnelle de couleurs basiques et non-basiques présentées sous forme de mots ou de patchs. La familiarité et l’arousal étaient supérieurs pour les couleurs basiques présentés sous forme de mots, suggérant une conceptualisation plus accessible que pour les non-basiques et les patchs. Des mesures de valence émotionnelle, arousal, familiarité et d'association aux six émotions basiques pour 33 mots et 33 patchs de couleurs basiques et non-basiques sont fournies comme outil potentiel pour de futures recherches. Une troisième étude se focalise sur un pigment médiéval ayant un spectre de réflectance plat, mais dont des appariements et dénominations confirment une illusion de bleu pour la moitié des observateurs. Une tâche de Stroop a été adaptée pour tester les effets perceptifs et sémantiques sur la présence de cette illusion. Des effets de congruence ont été obtenus en associant ce pigment au mot gris tout comme au mot bleu. Les résultats montraient (a) un ancrage des réponses à la teinte ambigüe vers la catégorie disponible la plus ressemblante, témoignant de l’élasticité de la représentation de couleur, et (b) que l’effet de congruence de la tâche de Stroop dépendait également de facteurs perceptifs, tel un contraste coloré crée en manipulant le fond d’écran. Dans l’ensemble, les résultats amènent de nouveaux éléments précisant l’interaction des traitements perceptifs et psycholinguistiques dans l’interprétation de l’environnement coloré
The objective of this thesis is to study the influence of perceptive and psycholinguistic factors on color, considered as a cognitive construction. Millions of hues can be discriminated while less than a hundred color terms are used. The origin of the eleven basic color terms identified in the literature is still debated, but may be more perceptive for the unique colors black, white, red, green, yellow and blue, and linked to cultural and linguistic consensus for orange, brown, purple and grey. Color may also have an emotional dimension, as denotes for example the expression “seeing red”. In this work, a first study investigated the conceptual organization of the 11 basic color terms. Participants had to provide proximity levels for each two-by-two pairs of the terms. Results showed that the conceptual color space is correlated to the perceptual color space for all unique colors but yellow. Other basic colors were organized based on perceptive factors, and also cultural ones, in relation to their association with certain concepts or semantic knowledge. A second study focalized on familiarity and emotional valence of basic and non-basic colors presented as words or as patches. Familiarity and arousal were higher for basic colors presented as words, which may be explained by a more accessible conceptualization than for non-basic colors and patches. Measures of emotional valence and associations with the six basic emotions for 33 color words and 33 patches, basic and non-basic, are provided as a potential tool for future research. A third study investigated a medieval pigment with a flat reflectance spectrum, but for which pairings and denominations confirmed an illusory blue for half of observers. A Stroop task was adapted to test perceptive and semantic effects on the presence of this illusion. Congruency effects were obtained upon association of this pigment as much with the word grey as with the word blue. Results showed (a) an anchoring of responses to the ambiguous hue biased towards the most resembling available category, testifying to the elasticity of color representation, and (b) that the congruence effect in the Stroop task also depended on perceptive factors, such as a color contrast created by manipulating background color during the task. On the whole, these results bring new elements specifying the interaction of perceptive and psycholinguistic processing in the interpretation of the colored environment

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PORTER, CORNELIA PAULINE. "SOCIALIZATION, BLACK SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN AND THE COLOR CASTE HIERARCHY (SOCIAL COGNITION, PSYCHOLOGY, NURSING)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188010.

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The purpose of the descriptive research was to investigate the relationship between an adherence to the Black community's belief and value system about Black skin tones and Black school-age children's skin tone preferences and perceptions of occupational life opportunities. Six Black skin tones were scaled via Thurstone's method of paired comparisons and the law of comparative judgment. The result was an interval level Skin Tone Scale on which the skin tones were positioned from most to least preferred by the children. The most preferred skin tones ranged from medium to honey brown. The least preferred were the extreme tones of very light yellow and very dark brown. Data collection was accomplished with the Porter Skin Tone Connotation Scale (PSTCS). The instrument was constructed from the forced choice preference paradigm. Data were obtained from a volunteer sample of 98 Black school-age children who resided in a city in Arizona. Data collection and analyses were constructed to test two hypotheses: (1) Black school-age children's skin tone classifications for differential status occupations will be related to gender, age, and perception of own skin tone as indexed by the skin tone values of the Skin Tone Scale, and (2) with increasing age, Black school-age children's skin tone preferences will be more systematically related to the skin tone values of the Skin Tone Scale. Testing of the first hypothesis with multiple regression indicated that the independent variables did not account for enough variance to support the hypothesis. Analysis of the second hypothesis with coefficient gamma suggested a trend toward more systematic agreement with the Skin Tone Scale with increasing age. Results of the first hypothesis were discussed in relation to composition of the sample, gender differences, the achievement value of the Black sociocultural system, and these Black children's lived experience. Results of the second hypothesis reflected those from similar investigations conducted in the 1940s. The results suggested Black children still most prefer brown skin tones and least prefer extreme light and dark skin tones. Black children's preferences for Black skin tones have not altered in approximately forty years.

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Gray, Richard. "Synaesthesia : an essay in philosophical psychology." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1723.

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We are sometimes led to a different picture of things when something unexpected occurs which needs explaining. The aim of this thesis is to examine a series of related issues in the philosophy of mind in the light of the unusual condition known to psychologists as ‘synaesthesia’. Although the emphasis will be on the philosophical issues a view of synaesthesia itself will also emerge. Synaesthesia is a distinct type of cross-modal association: stimulation of one sensory modality automatically triggers an additional phenomenal character of experience associated with a second sensory modality in the absence of any direct stimulation of the second modality. Chapter 1 introduces synaesthesia to a philosophical audience by outlining the early history of synaesthesia studies, by summarising contemporary research and by indicating areas of philosophical interest to be considered in the rest of the thesis. Chapter 2 uses synaesthesia to examine one important philosophical model of the mind, Fodor’s modularity hypothesis, and, in turn, investigates the nature of synaesthesia in the light of that model. Fodor claims that cognitive modules can be thought of as belonging to a psychological natural kind in virtue of their possession of most or all of nine specified properties. The most common form of synaesthesia possesses Fodor’s nine specified properties of modularity, and hence it should be understood in terms of an extra cognitive module, and thus as belonging to the abovementioned psychological natural kind. Many psychologists believe that synaesthesia involves a breakdown in modularity. A breakdown in modularity would also explain the apparent presence of the nine specified properties in synaesthesia. I discuss the two concepts of function which underlie the respective theories, defending the breakdown thesis, arguing, in any case, that properties deriving from evolutionary history should also be used to decide between the two theses and thus ultimately membership of a psychological natural kind such as Fodor suggests. The argument is then used to respond to two challenges to the notion of a psychological natural kind. Chapter 3 focuses on the phenomenal character of synaesthetic experience. Externalists about the phenomenal character of experience tend to argue that the character of perceptual experience is to be explained either by the properties objects present to percipients, or by the properties objects are represented by percipients as having. Some internalists argue that there is a need to postulate hrther properties of the individual - in other words, qualia - to account for the individuation of the character of perceptual experience. The existence of additional phenomenal characters of experience in synaesthesia, which cannot directly be explained by reference to features of objects, suggests the existence of extra qualia and thus the presence of qualia in normal perception. The aim of this chapter is to meet the challenge presented by synaesthesia and the extra quaZia argument, and contrariwise, use synaesthesia as a way of fbrther clarifjmg the merits of the respective externalist positions. In the previous chapters the locution of ‘coloured hearing’ will have been adopted. Occasionally the process underlying synaesthesia is described as one of ‘hearing colours’. Chapter 4 rejects the latter usage. In so doing it focuses on the place of synaesthesia vis-a-vis normal perceptual processes. Considerations from previous chapters are further developed in order to shed light both on the metaphysical individuation of perceptual modalities and on how we know the distinctive perceptual modalities. Given the actual content of our concepts of perceptual modalities, it is argued that the actual world is one in which even synaesthetes are unable to hear colours. Consideration is given as to whether there is a possible world in which people could hear colours. The justification of the usage of ‘coloured-hearing’ then leads to a discussion of the relative importance of the individuating conditions of modes of perception. The thesis focuses largely on coloured hearing. What merits the preceding considerations have might be supported if they can be generalised. Chapter 5 goes a small way in that direction.

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Weiß, David [Verfasser]. "Determinants of colour constancy / David Weiß." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1140435396/34.

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Shepherd, Alex. "Pyschophysical studies of contrast colours." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361680.

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Rico, Lynessa. "The Relationship Between Personality Type and Color Preference For Color Combinations." Thesis, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10096887.

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The purpose of this paper will be to discuss current research in color preference and personality types and add new value to the literature by evaluating the relationship between personality type and color preference for color combinations from a consumer behavior perspective. In order to accomplish the aims of this work, a quantitative color preference survey was created and administered to 97 participants to determine individual color preference for analogous, complimentary, identical, and random color combinations. In addition, participants completed the 16 PF personality assessment to determine the personality factor scores of Extraversion and Independence. The results of this study suggest relationships between the personality types of Extroversion and Independence and color preference for random color combinations. These findings add value to color and personality research and can be strategically applied in a business organization’s branding, product design, marketing, or sales training efforts to positively influence consumer-purchasing decisions.

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Carney, Ovidia Cornelia Blough. "Effects of age and ethnicity on color preference and on association of color with symbol and with emotion." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1882.

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Violette, Aimee Noelle. "Evolutionary Order of Basic Color Term Acquisition Not Recapitulated by English or Somali Observers in Non-Lexical Hierarchical Sorting Task." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1545342701702227.

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Bronder, Ellen Cecelia. "AN INTERVENTION TO REDUCE COLOR-BLIND RACIAL ATTITUDES IN WHITE COLLEGE STUDENTS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1468840593.

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Deshpande, Prutha S. "A Cross-cultural Investigation of the Cognitive Salience of Perceptual Color Dimensions." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1534689189718178.

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Anderson, Diarra D. "Color and Type Effects on Tone, Likelihood of Purchase & Attraction." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/482.

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This study examined the effect of colors and typography on attraction towards a product, tones evoked by the product, and likelihood that a participant would buy a product. Prior research has addressed how color and type influence visual design and those who come in contact with it in a multifaceted way. To measure this, participants on Amazon Mechanical Turk were asked to take part in an online survey on Surveymonkey.com. Assigned to one of four conditions of color and font combinations, Black or Purple paired with Modern or Script, participants answered questions about a sample product, a soda can. The study examined the combined and individual effects of the colors Black and Purple and the font types Modern and Script on the participants’ likelihood to purchase the product, their attraction toward it, and the perceived tone the product gives off. A 2x2 ANOVA was run to measure likelihood of purchase and attraction and a Pearson’s Chi-Squared test was used to measure both tonal questions. It was found that attraction to product was 1.19 times more likely with the product displaying Script font regardless of color and likelihood of purchase was 1.15 times higher with Script font regardless of color. Purple and Modern were most highly associated with the tonal word “Modern” for tonal question number one and for Black, the overall largest tonal association term was “Traditional,” for tonal question number. The finding for the color Purple approached significance and the other two of these findings were consistent with the hypothesis.

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Lange, Ryan. "Color Naming, Multidimensional Scaling, and Unique Hue Selections in English and Somali Speakers Do Not Show a Whorfian Effect." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449158554.

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Carollo, Olivia L. "Effectiveness of Warning Labels on Fashion Advertisements in Combating Body Dissatisfaction Among Women of Color." Thesis, Roosevelt University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3687622.

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Media outlets perpetuate an ultra-thin feminine ideal which has been linked to body dissatisfaction among women (Lew, Mann, Myers, Taylor, & Bower, 2007). The present study focused on the inclusion of warning labels, similar to those in cigarette ads, on advertisements. Previous research indicates that these labels might have a protective factor for women's body satisfaction, but results are inconsistent (Slater, Tiggemann, Firth, & Hawkins, 2012; Tiggemann, Slater, Bury, Hawkins, & Firth, 2013). The purpose of this study was to resolve inconsistencies from past research and extend the findings to Women of Color (WOC). Participants of this study included 161 female college students at a Midwestern university. Results indicated that warning labels may serve to decrease body dissatisfaction within both White Women and WOC. Implications for practice were also discussed.

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Gheiratmand, Mina. "Orientation tuning in human color vision at detection threshold: a psychophysical approach." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123169.

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Object processing is an essential task of the human visual system that is thought to beaccomplished through hierarchical processing of objects attributes in the ventral occipitotemporal cortex. An object can primarily be delineated by its shape and surface information,including its color and texture. A shape can initially be defined as a set of oriented elementsdefined in luminance or color contrast. It is now thought that red-green color vision can detectcolor-defined edges almost as well as luminance vision can detect luminance-defined edges. Thisis supported by evidence from both psychophysical experiments and single cell recordings.However, it is not yet well understood how color contrast is used by the visual system in formprocessing. Color vision can have an important additional role to luminance vision in objectperception, by processing the surface color of an object. Evidence from single cell recordings inprimates have shown the presence of a neurons population of about 10% in V1 that respondexclusively to full field color stimuli and are not tuned to spatial frequency or orientation,making them candidates for surface color processing. Psychophysical experiments, however,have not revealed any direct evidence for non-oriented color mechanisms.In this thesis I use the psychophysical method of subthreshold summation to determine theorientation tuning of the red-green color mechanisms in human vision, and for luminancecontrast under equivalent conditions. Psychophysical models, based on the presence of multipletuned detectors or a single, non-oriented mechanism, are used to determine tuning properties ofthe neural detectors underlying the psychophysical responses.The first set of experiments revealed evidence for two types of red-green color mechanism: 1)non-oriented revealed monocularly at low spatial frequencies (0.25-0.375 cycles/degree), and 2)oriented that appeared binocularly or at higher spatial frequencies (1.5 cycles/degree). Inluminance vision, evidence supported the presence of orientation tuning at all spatial scales andviewing conditions. Based on these findings, further experiments were done to measure the fullmonocular orientation tuning responses of color vision, in comparison to luminance vision, atdifferent spatial scales. At mid spatial frequencies, similar orientation tuning responses andneural detector bandwidth estimates were found for color and luminance vision (16 and 13 degsrespectively). At low spatial frequencies, tuning curves for color contrast were extremely broadand fitted reasonably by a model involving isotropic detectors. For luminance vision, orientationtuning is preserved with no change in detector bandwidth. Finally, binocular responses weremeasured using dichoptic chromatic stimuli that revealed orientation tuning at both low and midspatial frequencies. In summary, the results of this thesis have revealed the presence of twodistinct pathways in color vision at the behavioral level that are best equipped, respectively forthe representation of an object's surface-color and form, and have provided estimates of theorientation bandwidth of their underlying neural detectors.
Le traitement des objets est une tache essentielle pour le système visuel humain que l'on penseêtre accomplie à travers un traitement hiérarchique des attributs de l'objet dans la régionoccipito-temporale ventrale du cerveau. Premièrement un objet peut être délimité par sesinformations de forme et de surface, ce qui inclut sa couleur et sa texture. La forme peut êtreinitialement définie comme un groupe d'éléments orientés définis par leur contraste enluminance ou couleur. On pense maintenant que la vision de la couleur rouge-verte est capablede détecter des arêtes définies par leur couleur presque aussi bien que la vision de la luminancepeut détecter des arêtes définies par leur luminances. Les preuves a l'appui proviennent à la foisd'expériences en psychophysique et d'enregistrements électrophysiologiques cellule simple.Cependant on ne comprend pas encore très bien comment le contraste en couleur est utilise par lesystème visuel pour le traitement de la forme. La vision de la couleur peut avoir un rôleadditionnel important pour la vision de la luminance dans la perception des objets, en traitant lacouleur de la surface de l'objet. Des preuves provenant d'enregistrements cellule simple ontmontré l'existence d'une population de neurones - représentant environ 10% des neurones de V1- qui répond exclusivement aux stimuli couleur plein champ et qui n'est sensible ni à lafréquence spatiale ni à l'orientation, ce qui rend ces neurones de bon candidats pour le traitementdes surfaces colorées. En revanche, aucune expérience en psychophysique n'a mise en évidenceun mécanisme couleur non-orienté.Dans cette thèse j'utilise la méthode psychophysique de sommation subliminaire pour déterminerla sélectivité aux orientations et la sensibilité au contraste de luminance des mécanismes de lacouleur rouge-verte dans la vision humaine avec des conditions comparables. Des modèlespsychophysiques basés sur l'existence, soit de multiples détecteurs sensibles à l'orientation, soitd'un unique mécanisme non-orienté, ont été utilisés pour déterminer les propriétés de sensibilitédes détecteurs neuraux qui sous-tendent les réponses psychophysiques.Un premier groupe d'expériences a révélé l'existence de deux types de mécanisme de la couleurrouge-verte: 1) un mécanisme non-orienté qui a été mis en évidence en vision monoculaire et ce,à basses fréquences spatiales (0.25-0.375 cycles/degré) et 2) un mécanisme sensible àl'orientation qui est apparue en vision binoculaire mais également à haute fréquence spatiale (1.5cycles/degré). Dans la vision de la luminance les preuves supportent l'existence de mécanismessensibles à l'orientation pour toutes les fréquences spatiales et pour toutes les conditions de vue.Au regard de ces résultats, les expériences suivantes ont été menées afin de mesurer le spectreentier de la sensibilité aux orientations de la vision de la couleur sous condition monoculaire, dele comparer à celui de la vision de la luminance et ce, à différentes échelles spatiales. Pour lesfréquences spatiales intermédiaires, la vision de la couleur et la vision de la luminanceprésentaient des réponses de sensibilité aux orientations semblables et des estimations de bandespassantessimilaires pour les détecteurs neuraux. Pour les basses fréquences spatiales, les courbesde sensibilité au contraste de couleur étaient très larges et s'expliquaient raisonnablement bien àl'aide d'un modèle impliquant des détecteurs isotropiques. Dans le cas de la vision de laluminance, la sensibilité aux orientations est préservée sans changement de bandes-passantes dudétecteur. Enfin les réponses binoculaires ont été mesurées à l'aide de stimuli chromatiquesprésentés de façon dichoptique pour révéler en même temps la sensibilité aux orientations dansles basses fréquences spatiales et dans les fréquences spatiales intermédiaires.

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Khurram, Uzma. "Existential and Spiritual Support Group for Women of Color in Midlife Transition." Thesis, Saint Mary's College of California, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10272210.

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This thesis presented a model of an existential and psychoeducational support group that integrates spirituality to support women of color as they go through the midlife transition and into middle adulthood. Women can experience increased stress, depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation due to the various challenges of midlife. This paper reviewed the research that examined how women of color in the United States are often marginalized, with limited access to culturally relevant psychological health care services; in addition, these women also face a cultural stigma attached to seeking counseling. The review of literature suggests that counselors should be informed of the challenges and of the spiritual coping resources of midlife women of color. The proposed 20-week psychotherapy group aims to support women by maximizing a sense of community, self-awareness, self-growth, and freedom, given the limitations of their environment. Further research is recommended to assess the effectiveness of this approach.

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Galvan, Elizabeth. "Detracking: Facilitating the Achievement of First-Generation Students of Color." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1295.

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In spite of efforts to improve diversity among the United States’ top tier colleges and universities, first-generation students of color continue to be largely underrepresented, one of the factors significantly contributing to this reality is the use of tracking in high schools. Even given the substantial research highlighting the ineffectiveness of ability grouping, the practice continues to be utilized in the majority of U.S. high schools. The findings of past studies reveal higher-track classes provide students with academic advantage while lower-track classes are noted by students’ lower consequent achievement. Attention to the makeup of low and high tracked classes further reveals the reason behind this difference in achievement may lay in that higher-track classes provide students with greater expectations, rigor and support to meet those expectations, and such belief and support likely breeds greater self-efficacy and therefore greater motivation in students. Thus, in order to provide this same uplifting environment to all students, detracking is posed as an alternative. This correlational survey study is intended to examine the effects of high and low educational tracks versus detracking upon the academic achievement of first-generation 9th grade students of color with a particular consideration of the mediating effects of self-efficacy and academic motivation. Student participants will be recruited from the Chaffey Joint Union High School district, completing a self-efficacy survey and an academic motivation survey once during the third week of the school year, and once again during the last week of the academic year. It is expected that the data will demonstrate a significant relationship between track and academic achievement such that those students enrolled in the lowest tracks will demonstrate the lowest achievement whilst no difference will be found in the achievement attained in the higher tracks versus the detracked curriculum. Furthermore, both self-efficacy and academic motivation are expected to mediate this relationship.

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39

Becker, Cordula. "Subjective visual experiences of colour and form induced by temporally modulated light." Diss., lmu, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-41791.

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Highnote, Susan M. "Color discrimination of small targets /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3089477.

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Roberson, Rian A. "Between the Margins| Biracial Identity Development in a Nation Divided by the Color Line." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10745190.

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The legacy of slavery that included all individuals of African heritage to identify as Black has contributed to centuries of misinformation about the unique experiences of many Black/White biracial individuals. Initial models depicting biracial identity development focused on marginalization and deficit while overlooking the relative privilege many Black/White biracial individuals experienced. As the biracial and multiracial population has grown significantly in the latter half of the 20th century, social scientists have attempted to create a biracial identity development model that focuses on the unique experiences of these individuals. The purpose of this thesis is to provide historical background for the experiences of Black/White biracial Americans and to examine current psychological models depicting to the experiences of this population using a heuristic approach to qualitative research. This thesis also addresses Black/White biracial identities as a metaphor for the transcendent function, a concept integral to the field of depth psychology.

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Horwitz, Stanley Edwin. "Positive work-family spillover amongst white-collar employees." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5867.

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Yancy, Nina M. "Class along the color line." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:abc1e87b-5984-4ec2-a0d7-cdd0fdb451dd.

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This thesis traces the contours of the Black-White color line in modern America by illuminating how Whites' racialized political behavior varies across local geographic contexts. In a critical reinterpretation of the racial threat hypothesis, I argue that local geography conditions the relationship between Whites' racial orientations and their preferences on policies related to race - but not because Whites are passively threatened in proximity to a Black population. Rather, Whites are active, subjective perceivers of their surroundings who have an interest in maintaining their racial privilege. This conceptual shift not only challenges the assumed neutrality of Whites' vision; it also enables me to identify the range of contextual indicators that Whites might construe as threatening, and the range of White attitudes that are activated as a result. My empirical evidence comes from three case studies. The first two use geocoded survey data to analyze White opinion on welfare spending in 2000, and on affirmative action between 2006 and 2010. The third study draws on in-depth interviews conducted in 2016, exploring an issue related to school desegregation in Louisiana. Each study affirms the core findings of the thesis: Whites' policy preferences are polarized according to racial orientations in settings where race is salient; and a shared White perspective is evident even across polarized attitudes. My findings offer hope, showing that a sign of threat to some Whites may activate racially tolerant behavior in others; as well as reason to restrain our optimism, challenging the assumption that affluent Blacks, unlike the 'undeserving' Black poor, will not be perceived as threatening by Whites. Ultimately, only by recognizing the color line's responsiveness to local geography - and its resilience even as White attitudes liberalize and Black class positions improve - can we understand the line's persistence or the possibility of one day dismantling it.

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Riley, Sarah Duncan. "Color characteristics of the natural environment : a case study /." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192009-040528/.

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Turner, Hannah L. "Quantification of product color preference in a utility function." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2010. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Turner_09007dcc8078c48d.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2010.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed April 21, 2010) Includes bibliographical references (p. 38-39).

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Pryor, Erin M. "Interracial Romantic Coupling and the Color Line: Color-Blind Ideology Among Black-White Couples." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1279226222.

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Redmann, Alexandra [Verfasser], Peter [Gutachter] Indefrey, and Katja [Gutachter] Biermann-Ruben. "Colour in concepts: Accessing conceptual components in language production / Alexandra Redmann ; Gutachter: Peter Indefrey, Katja Biermann-Ruben." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213971640/34.

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48

Alvarez, Bryan Dean. "Behavioral and brain mechanisms of grapheme-color synesthesia and their relationships with perceptual binding and visual imagery." Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3616537.

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Synesthesia is an unusual blending of the senses that occurs in about four percent or more of the human population. Much effort has been devoted to establishing criteria to define what synesthesia is ever since the phenomenon reemerged as a fascination within the scientific community in the late 1970s. To date, the most common criteria for synesthesia are that synesthetic experiences be automatic, consistent, rely on an external stimulus that triggers the phenomenological experience, and that this experience is fully conscious to the mind. This framework allows for some differentiation of synesthetes compared to non-synesthetes within the human population, and yet it also creates a self-selecting bias in the synesthetic population; if the scientific community defines criteria for synesthesia, and then only studies people whom fit those criteria, the resulting data will likely validate the definitions if only because they have been defined that way. What is left unknown are ways that synesthetes, as a community of otherwise normal human beings, vary in subtle ways, both in their psychophysical behavior and in their neurobiological form and function in relation to other human beings who do not experience any form of conscious, unusual sensory blendings yet defined as synesthesia.

The studies described in this thesis explore whether perception in the population of individuals currently defined as synesthetes is in fact uniquely different from perception in the rest of the human population. These unique differences in perception are also used here to better inform our understanding of the functions of the human brain. Chapter 2 introduces the concept of perceptual binding and its relation to synesthesia. Some synesthetes experience colors that are associated with letters and numbers, and these so-called grapheme-color synesthetes may rely on similar brain mechanisms to bind their synesthetic colors to space as the ones they (and most humans) use to bind color to space normally. Chapter 3 addresses the question of binding with regard to an unusual phenomenon specific to grapheme-color synesthetes: that it is possible for some of these synesthetes to experience two colors that are spatially co-localized without blending. The results of this behavioral study will be shown to correlate with the vividness of visual imagery, a measure that extends beyond synesthetic phenomenology. Finally, Chapter 4 demonstrates how synesthetes differ from well-matched non-synesthetes in relation to behavior and the anatomy of the brain. Specifically, synesthetes have more vivid visual imagery as a population, more arborized white matter, and show a positive correlation between vivid imagery and increased axonal branching that is absent in non-synesthete controls. Together, these studies suggest that the brains of synesthetes rely on attention-specific mechanisms used by most humans to bind color to space. However, synesthesia as a whole may not simply be one end of a continuum of brain differences. Rather, synesthetes may be unique both in their phenomenological experiences of the world, and in some ways, the organization of the brain that creates them.

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Duong-Killer, Jane. "Suicide prevention training| Its impact on college students of color." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1595765.

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The purpose of this quantitative study is to investigate whether QPR (Question, Persuade, Refer) suicide prevention training is effective in increasing knowledge of suicide prevention among students of color, specifically Latino/a, Asian American, and Black/African American college students. This study involves secondary data analysis of 502 students who participated in a QPR training from Fall 2012 to Fall 2014. The data was collected by a suicide prevention program in Counseling and Psychological Services (CAPS) at a public university in Southern California. The findings of the study revealed statistical significance in all nine areas of knowledge for all participants before and after receiving QPR training. The findings indicate an increase in knowledge among students of color and the likelihood that the participants would approach someone who may be at-risk for suicide and assist the individual in seeking appropriate professional resources. Implications, recommendations for practice, and directions for future research are discussed.

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Garbers, Christian [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Wachtler. "Color vision in polychromatic animals / Christian Garbers ; Betreuer: Thomas Wachtler." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1129598322/34.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Colour psychology'

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