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Journal articles on the topic 'Combined Cycle'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 September 2023

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1

Mansour, F. M., A. M. Abdul Aziz, S. M. Abdel-Ghany, and H. M. El-shaer. "Combined cycle dynamics." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 217, no. 3 (January 1, 2003): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095765003322066484.

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A mathematical model describing the dynamic behaviour of each major component of the combined cycle is presented. The formulae are deduced from continuity, momentum, energy, and state equations. Partial differential equations (PDEs) are discretized to algebraic equations by using the implicit backward-central finite difference scheme and then solved by iteration. Explicit-Euler's integration method is applied to other differential equations (DEs). A multi-element control system is implemented to investigate its effect on the combined cycle's dynamic response. The simulation results are compared with the design and steady-state operational data of the unit number 4 in Cairo South Combined Cycle Power Plant, showing good agreement. The dynamic results prove the effectiveness of the multi-element control strategy to control the combined cycle plant with fast settling time, neglected steady-state error, and moderate overshoot or undershoot while assuring a stable operation under sudden changes of load.

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2

Jericha, H., and F. Hoeller. "Combined Cycle Enhancement." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 113, no. 2 (April 1, 1991): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906545.

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The Combined Cycle Plant (CCP) offers the best solutions to curb air pollution and the greenhouse effect, and it represents today the most effective heat engine ever created. At Graz University of Technology work is being conducted in close cooperation with industry to further enhancement of CC systems with regard to raising output and efficiency. Feasibility studies for intake air climatization, overload and part-load control, introduction of aeroderivate gas turbines in conjunction with high-temperature steam cycles, proposals for cooling, and the use of hydrogen as fuel are presented.

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3

Murphy, Kathleen M., Karin D. Berg, and James R. Eshleman. "Sequencing of Genomic DNA by Combined Amplification and Cycle Sequencing Reaction." Clinical Chemistry 51, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2004.039164.

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Abstract Background: Despite considerable advances, DNA sequencing has remained somewhat time-consuming and expensive, requiring three separate steps to generate sequencing products from a template: amplification of the target sequence; purification of the amplified product; and a sequencing reaction. Our aim was to develop a method to routinely combine PCR amplification and cycle sequencing into one single reaction, enabling direct sequencing of genomic DNA. Methods: Combined amplification and sequencing reactions were set up with Big Dye™ sequencing reagents (Applied Biosystems) supplemented with variable amounts of forward and reverse primers, deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs), and input DNA. Reactions were thermal-cycled for 35 or 45 cycles. Products were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis to detect sequencing products. Results: Reactions using two oligonucleotide primers at a ratio of 5:1 (500 nM primer 1 and 100 nM primer 2), 125 μM supplemental dNTPs, and 35–45 thermal cycles optimally supported combined amplification and cycle sequencing reactions. Our results suggest that these reactions are dominated by PCR during early cycles and convert to cycle sequencing in later cycles. We used this technique for a variety of sequencing applications, including the identification of germline mutations/polymorphisms in the Factor V and BRCA2 genes, sequencing of tumor DNA to identify somatic mutations in the DPC4/SMADH4 and FLT3 genes, and sequencing of 16S ribosomal DNA for bacterial speciation. Conclusions: PCR amplification and cycle sequencing can be combined into a single reaction using the conditions described. This technique allows direct sequencing of genomic DNA, decreasing the cost and labor involved in gene sequencing.

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4

Khalatov, A. A., O. S. Stupak, M. S. Grishuk, and O. I. Galaka. "Novel combined thermodynamic cycle." Reports of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, no. 2 (March 2, 2018): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/dopovidi2018.02.058.

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5

Kumar, Arun V. Rejus, and A. Sagai Francis Britto. "Design and Fabrication of Gasification Combined Cycle in Power Plant." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 23, no. 4 (July 20, 2019): 254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v23i4/pr190184.

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6

Chacartegui, R., D. Sánchez, J. M. Muñoz, and T. Sánchez. "Alternative ORC bottoming cycles FOR combined cycle power plants." Applied Energy 86, no. 10 (October 2009): 2162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.02.016.

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7

Kim, T. S., and S. T. Ro. "The effect of gas turbine coolant modulation on the part load performance of combined cycle plants. Part 2: Combined cycle plant." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 211, no. 6 (September 1, 1997): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0957650981537348.

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For combined cycle plants that consist of heavy-duty gas turbine and single-pressure heat recovery steam generator, the effect of gas turbine coolant modulation on plant performance is analysed. Two distinct schemes for gas turbine load control are adopted (the fuel-only control and the variable compressor geometry control), based on the gas turbine calculation in Part 1 of this series of papers. Models for heat recovery steam generator and steam turbine are combined with the gas turbine models of Part 1 to result in a complete analysis routine for combined cycles. The purpose of gas turbine coolant modulation is to minimize coolant consumption by maintaining the turbine blade temperatures as high as possible. It is found that the coolant modulation leads to reduction in heat recovery capacity, which decreases steam cycle power. However, since the benefit of coolant modulation for the gas turbine cycle is large enough, the combine cycle efficiency is improved.

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8

Thorbergsson, Egill, and Tomas Grönstedt. "A Thermodynamic Analysis of Two Competing Mid-Sized Oxyfuel Combustion Combined Cycles." Journal of Energy 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2438431.

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A comparative analysis of two mid-sized oxyfuel combustion combined cycles is performed. The two cycles are the semiclosed oxyfuel combustion combined cycle (SCOC-CC) and the Graz cycle. In addition, a reference cycle was established as the basis for the analysis of the oxyfuel combustion cycles. A parametric study was conducted where the pressure ratio and the turbine entry temperature were varied. The layout and the design of the SCOC-CC are considerably simpler than the Graz cycle while it achieves the same net efficiency as the Graz cycle. The fact that the efficiencies for the two cycles are close to identical differs from previously reported work. Earlier studies have reported around a 3% points advantage in efficiency for the Graz cycle, which is attributed to the use of a second bottoming cycle. This additional feature is omitted to make the two cycles more comparable in terms of complexity. The Graz cycle has substantially lower pressure ratio at the optimum efficiency and has much higher power density for the gas turbine than both the reference cycle and the SCOC-CC.

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9

Fazeli, Abdolreza, Hossein Rezvantalab, and Farshad Kowsary. "Thermodynamic analysis and simulation of a new combined power and refrigeration cycle using artificial neural network." Thermal Science 15, no. 1 (2011): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci101102009f.

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In this study, a new combined power and refrigeration cycle is proposed, which combines the Rankine and absorption refrigeration cycles. Using a binary ammonia-water mixture as the working fluid, this combined cycle produces both power and refrigeration output simultaneously by employing only one external heat source. In order to achieve the highest possible exergy efficiency, a secondary turbine is inserted to expand the hot weak solution leaving the boiler. Moreover, an artificial neural network (ANN) is used to simulate the thermodynamic properties and the relationship between the input thermodynamic variables on the cycle performance. It is shown that turbine inlet pressure, as well as heat source and refrigeration temperatures have significant effects on the net power output, refrigeration output and exergy efficiency of the combined cycle. In addition, the results of ANN are in excellent agreement with the mathematical simulation and cover a wider range for evaluation of cycle performance.

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10

Shchinnikov, P. A., O. V. Borush, A. S. Voronkova, and P. V. Belyavskaya. "Heating index for combined-cycle." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1019 (January 21, 2021): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1019/1/012012.

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11

HARA, Saburo. "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 108, no. 1045 (2005): 902–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.108.1045_902.

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12

Xu, Feng, D. Yogi Goswami, and Sunil S. Bhagwat. "A combined power/cooling cycle." Energy 25, no. 3 (March 2000): 233–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-5442(99)00071-7.

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13

Steinauer, Jody, and Amy M. Autry. "Extended Cycle Combined Hormonal Contraception." Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 34, no. 1 (March 2007): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ogc.2007.01.001.

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14

Bolland, O. "A Comparative Evaluation of Advanced Combined Cycle Alternatives." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 113, no. 2 (April 1, 1991): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906544.

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This paper presents a comparison of measures to improve the efficiency of combined gas and steam turbine cycles. A typical modern dual pressure combined cycle has been chosen as a reference. Several alternative arrangements to improve the efficiency are considered. These comprise the dual pressure reheat cycle, the triple pressure cycle, the triple pressure reheat cycle, the dual pressure supercritical reheat cycle, and the triple pressure supercritical reheat cycle. The effect of supplementary firing is also considered for some cases. The different alternatives are compared with respect to efficiency, required heat transfer area, and stack temperature. A full exergy analysis is given to explain the performance differences for the cycle alternatives. The exergy balance shows a detailed breakdown of all system losses for the HRSG, steam turbine, condenser, and piping.

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15

Hung, T. C. "Triple Cycle: A Conceptual Arrangement of Multiple Cycle Toward Optimal Energy Conversion." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 124, no. 2 (March 26, 2002): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1423639.

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The purpose of this study is to find a maximum work output from various combinations of thermodynamic cycles from a viewpoint of the cycle systems. Three systems were discussed in this study: a fundamental combined cycle and two other cycles evolved from the fundamental dual combined cycle: series-type and parallel-type triple cycles. In each system, parametric studies were carried out in order to find optimal configurations of the cycle combinations based on the influences of tested parameters on the systems. The study shows that the series-type triple cycle exhibits no significant difference as compared with the combined cycle. On the other hand, the efficiency of the parallel-type triple cycle can be raised, especially in the application of recovering low-enthalpy-content waste heat. Therefore, by properly combining with a steam Rankine cycle, the organic Rankine cycle is expected to efficiently utilize residual yet available energy to an optimal extent. The present study has pointed out a conceptual design in multiple-cycle energy conversion systems.

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16

Meng, Zewei, Lingen Chen, and Feng Wu. "Optimal Power and Efficiency of Multi-Stage Endoreversible Quantum Carnot Heat Engine with Harmonic Oscillators at the Classical Limit." Entropy 22, no. 4 (April 17, 2020): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22040457.

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At the classical limit, a multi-stage, endoreversible Carnot cycle model of quantum heat engine (QHE) working with non-interacting harmonic oscillators systems is established in this paper. A simplified combined cycle, where all sub-cycles work at maximum power output (MPO), is analyzed under two types of combined form: constraint of cycle period or constraint of interstage heat current. The expressions of power and the corresponding efficiency under two types of combined constrains are derived. A general combined cycle, in which all sub-cycles run at arbitrary state, is further investigated under two types of combined constrains. By introducing the Lagrangian function, the MPO of two-stage combined QHE with different intermediate temperatures is obtained, utilizing numerical calculation. The results show that, for the simplified combined cycle, the total power decreases and heat exchange from hot reservoir increases under two types of constrains with the increasing number (N) of stages. The efficiency of the combined cycle decreases under the constraints of the cycle period, but keeps constant under the constraint of interstage heat current. For the general combined cycle, three operating modes, including single heat engine mode at low “temperature” (SM1), double heat engine mode (DM) and single heat engine mode at high “temperature” (SM2), appear as intermediate temperature varies. For the constraint of cycle period, the MPO is obtained at the junction of DM mode and SM2 mode. For the constraint of interstage heat current, the MPO keeps constant during DM mode, in which the two sub-cycles compensate each other.

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17

Bolland, O., and J. F. Stadaas. "Comparative Evaluation of Combined Cycles and Gas Turbine Systems With Water Injection, Steam Injection, and Recuperation." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 117, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2812762.

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Combined cycles have gained widespread acceptance as the most efficient utilization of the gas turbine for power generation, particularly for large plants. A variety of alternatives to the combined cycle that recover exhaust gas heat for re-use within the gas turbine engine have been proposed and some have been commercially successful in small to medium plants. Most notable have been the steam-injected, high-pressure aeroderivatives in sizes up to about 50 MW. Many permutations and combinations of water injection, steam injection, and recuperation, with or without intercooling, have been shown to offer the potential for efficiency improvements in certain ranges of gas turbine cycle design parameters. A detailed, general model that represents the gas turbine with turbine cooling has been developed. The model is intended for use in cycle analysis applications. Suitable choice of a few technology description parameters enables the model to represent accurately the performance of actual gas turbine engines of different technology classes. The model is applied to compute the performance of combined cycles as well as that of three alternatives. These include the simple cycle, the steam-injected cycle, and the dual-recuperated intercooled aftercooled steam-injected cycle (DRIASI cycle). The comparisons are based on state-of-the-art gas turbine technology and cycle parameters in four classes: large industrial (123–158 MW), medium industrial (38–60 MW), aeroderivatives (21–41 MW), and small industrial (4–6 MW). The combined cycle’s main design parameters for each size range are in the present work selected for computational purposes to conform with practical constraints. For the small systems, the proposed development of the gas turbine cycle, the DRIASI cycle, are found to provide efficiencies comparable or superior to combined cycles, and superior to steam-injected cycles. For the medium systems, combined cycles provide the highest efficiencies but can be challenged by the DRIASI cycle. For the largest systems, the combined cycle was found to be superior to all of the alternative gas turbine based cycles considered in this study.

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18

Agrawal, Basant K., and Munawar N. Karimi. "Study of simple ejector refrigeration cycle with combined cycle." Invertis Journal of Renewable Energy 6, no. 4 (2016): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2454-7611.2016.00031.x.

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19

Srinivas, T., A. V. S. S. K. S. Gupta, and B. V. Reddy. "Performance Simulation of Combined Cycle with Kalina Bottoming Cycle." Cogeneration & Distributed Generation Journal 23, no. 1 (January 2008): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15453660809509134.

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20

Polyzakis, A. L., C. Koroneos, and G. Xydis. "Optimum gas turbine cycle for combined cycle power plant." Energy Conversion and Management 49, no. 4 (April 2008): 551–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2007.08.002.

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21

Sinkevich, Mikhail, Anatoliy Kosoy, and Oleg Popel. "Comparative analysis of the Allam cycle and the cycle of compressorless combined cycle gas turbine unit." E3S Web of Conferences 209 (2020): 03023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020903023.

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Nowadays, alternative thermodynamic cycles are actively studied. They allow to remove CO2, formed as a result of fuel combustion, from a cycle without significant energy costs. Calculations have shown that such cycles may meet or exceed the most advanced power plants in terms of heat efficiency. The Allam cycle is recognized as one of the best alternative cycles for the production of electricity. Nevertheless, a cycle of compressorless combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) unit is seemed more promising for cogeneration of electricity and heat. A comparative analysis of the thermal efficiency of these two cycles was performed. Particular attention was paid to ensuring equal conditions for comparison. The cycle of compressorless CCGT unit was as close as possible to the Allam cycle due to the choice of parameters. The processes, in which the difference remained, were analysed. Thereafter, an analysis of how close the parameters, adopted for comparison, to optimal for the compressorless CCGT unit cycle was made. This analysis showed that these two cycles are quite close only for the production of electricity. The Allam cycle has some superiority but not indisputable. However, if cogeneration of electricity and heat is considered, the thermal efficiency of the cycle of compressorless CCGT unit will be significantly higher. Since it allows to independently regulate a number of parameters, on which the electric power, the ratio of electric and thermal power, the temperature of a working fluid at the turbine inlet depend. Thus, the optimal parameters of the thermodynamic cycle can be obtained in a wide range of operating modes of the unit with different ratios of thermal and eclectic powers. Therefore, the compressorless CCGT unit can significantly surpass the best steam turbine and combined cycle gas turbine plants in district heating system in terms of thermal efficiency.

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22

Luo, Lihuang, Hong Gao, Chao Liu, and Xiaoxiao Xu. "Parametric Investigation and Thermoeconomic Optimization of a Combined Cycle for Recovering the Waste Heat from Nuclear Closed Brayton Cycle." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6790576.

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A combined cycle that combines AWM cycle with a nuclear closed Brayton cycle is proposed to recover the waste heat rejected from the precooler of a nuclear closed Brayton cycle in this paper. The detailed thermodynamic and economic analyses are carried out for the combined cycle. The effects of several important parameters, such as the absorber pressure, the turbine inlet pressure, the turbine inlet temperature, the ammonia mass fraction, and the ambient temperature, are investigated. The combined cycle performance is also optimized based on a multiobjective function. Compared with the closed Brayton cycle, the optimized power output and overall efficiency of the combined cycle are higher by 2.41% and 2.43%, respectively. The optimized LEC of the combined cycle is 0.73% lower than that of the closed Brayton cycle.

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23

Tamm, Gunnar, and D. Yogi Goswami. "Novel Combined Power and Cooling Thermodynamic Cycle for Low Temperature Heat Sources, Part II: Experimental Investigation." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 125, no. 2 (May 1, 2003): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1564080.

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A combined thermal power and cooling cycle proposed by Goswami is under intensive investigation, both theoretically and experimentally. The proposed cycle combines the Rankine and absorption refrigeration cycles, producing refrigeration while power is the primary goal. A binary ammonia-water mixture is used as the working fluid. This cycle can be used as a bottoming cycle using waste heat from a conventional power cycle or as an independent cycle using low temperature sources such as geothermal and solar energy. An experimental system was constructed to demonstrate the feasibility of the cycle and to compare the experimental results with the theoretical simulation. Results showed that the vapor generation and absorption condensation processes work experimentally, exhibiting expected trends, but with deviations from ideal and equilibrium modeling. The potential for combined turbine work and refrigeration output was evidenced in operating the system. Analysis of losses showed where improvements could be made, in preparation for further testing over a broader range of operating conditions.

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24

Balanescu, Dan Teodor, Vlad Mario Homutescu, Constantin Eusebiu Hritcu, and Sorinel Gicu Talif. "Combined Cycle Units for Terrestrial Propulsion - Dimensional Approach." Applied Mechanics and Materials 659 (October 2014): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.659.295.

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High performances and operation with low water consumption are mandatory but not sufficient conditions for the Combined Cycles Units implementation in the terrestrial propulsion systems field. There is another restrictive condition, which refers on the admitted size. That is why a dimensional analysis of the Combined Cycles Units is mandatory. In this view, paper presents the results of the dimensional analysis of a small scale Combined Cycles Unit for terrestrial propulsion, based on a two-pressure-levels Steam Cycle and operating with liquid fuel.

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25

Vijayaraghavan, Sanjay, and D. Y. Goswami. "On Evaluating Efficiency of a Combined Power and Cooling Cycle." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 125, no. 3 (August 29, 2003): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1595110.

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A combined power and cooling cycle is being investigated. The cycle is a combination of the Rankine cycle and an absorption refrigeration cycle. Evaluating the efficiency of this cycle is made difficult by the fact that there are two different simultaneous outputs, namely power and refrigeration. An efficiency expression has to appropriately weigh the cooling component in order to allow comparison of this cycle with other cycles. This paper develops several expressions for the first law, second law and exergy efficiency definitions for the combined cycle based on existing definitions in the literature. Some of the developed equations have been recommended for use over others, depending on the comparison being made. Finally, some of these definitions have been applied to the cycle and the performance of the cycle optimized for maximum efficiency. A Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) method was used to perform the optimization. The results of these optimizations are presented and discussed.

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26

Sun, Enhui, Han Hu, Hangning Li, Chao Liu, and Jinliang Xu. "How to Construct a Combined S-CO2 Cycle for Coal Fired Power Plant?" Entropy 21, no. 1 (December 27, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21010019.

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It is difficult to recover the residual heat from flue gas when supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) cycle is used for a coal fired power plant, due to the higher CO2 temperature in tail flue and the limited air temperature in air preheater. The combined cycle is helpful for residual heat recovery. Thus, it is important to build an efficient bottom cycle. In this paper, we proposed a novel exergy destruction control strategy during residual heat recovery to equal and minimize the exergy destruction for different bottom cycles. Five bottom cycles are analyzed to identify their differences in thermal efficiencies (ηth,b), and the CO2 temperature entering the bottom cycle heater (T4b) etc. We show that the exergy destruction can be minimized by a suitable pinch temperature between flue gas and CO2 in the heater via adjusting T4b. Among the five bottom cycles, either the recompression cycle (RC) or the partial cooling cycle (PACC) exhibits good performance. The power generation efficiency is 47.04% when the vapor parameters of CO2 are 620/30 MPa, with the double-reheating-recompression cycle as the top cycle, and RC as the bottom cycle. Such efficiency is higher than that of the supercritical water cycle power plant.

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27

Huang, B. J., V. A. Petrenko, J. M. Chang, C. P. Lin, and S. S. Hu. "A combined-cycle refrigeration system using ejector-cooling cycle as the bottom cycle." International Journal of Refrigeration 24, no. 5 (August 2001): 391–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-7007(00)00040-2.

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28

Giouzelis, Kieran, Jacky Chou, and Jeremy Yeung. "Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle from coal." PAM Review Energy Science & Technology 3 (June 7, 2016): 126–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/pamr.v3i0.1418.

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An integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) is a technology that uses a high pressure gasifier to turn coal, a carbon based fuels into pressurized gas, this is also known as synthesis gas or syngas. The IGCC system consist of 4 main structures; air compression and separation unit, gasifier, combustion and steam turbine and heat recovery generator.A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate possible relationships between the efficiency and types of gasifiers used in the integrated gasification combined cycle in terms of the key thermodynamic laws. Through this analysis correlations were established between varying coal compositions, types of gasification systems and thermal efficiency. It was found that the updraft gasifier had the highest efficiency across most reports, thus making this procedure the most efficient with today’s current knowledge in terms of the thermodynamic principles associated with coal-fired power plants. It was also established that coal with lower moisture content will generally allow a system to be more efficient.

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29

Kors, David L. "Combined cycle propulsion for hypersonic flight." Acta Astronautica 18 (January 1988): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-5765(88)90099-9.

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30

Uzunoglu, Timur, and Hasan Ozdemir. "Combined Cycle Power Plant, Ankara, Turkey." Structural Engineering International 14, no. 4 (November 2004): 303–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686604777963658.

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31

YABUKI, Masao, Tanomo TAKI, and Isao SAITO. "Computer Controls for Combined Cycle Plant." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 88, no. 794 (1985): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.88.794_66.

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32

SAKAMOTO, Koichi, and Nobuo NAGASAKI. "Integrated coal Gasification Combined Cycle Technology." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 114, no. 1109 (2011): 240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.114.1109_240.

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33

Guan, Yongpei, Lei Fan, and Yanan Yu. "Unified Formulations for Combined-Cycle Units." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 33, no. 6 (November 2018): 7288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2018.2862157.

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34

Subrahmanyam, Nvrss, S. Rajaram, and N. Kamalanathan. "HRSGs for combined cycle power plants." Heat Recovery Systems and CHP 15, no. 2 (February 1995): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-4332(95)90022-5.

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35

Woudstra, Nico, Theo Woudstra, Armando Pirone, and Teus van der Stelt. "Thermodynamic evaluation of combined cycle plants." Energy Conversion and Management 51, no. 5 (May 2010): 1099–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2009.12.016.

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36

Vijayaraghavan, Sanjay, and D. Y. Goswami. "Organic Working Fluids for a Combined Power and Cooling Cycle." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 127, no. 2 (February 6, 2005): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1885039.

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A new thermodynamic cycle has been developed for the simultaneous production of power and cooling from low-temperature heat sources. The proposed cycle combines the Rankine and absorption refrigeration cycles, providing power and cooling as useful outputs. Initial studies were performed with an ammonia-water mixture as the working fluid in the cycle. This work extends the application of the cycle to working fluids consisting of organic fluid mixtures. Organic working fluids have been used successfully in geothermal power plants, as working fluids in Rankine cycles. An advantage of using organic working fluids is that the industry has experience with building turbines for these fluids. A commercially available optimization program has been used to maximize the thermodynamic performance of the cycle. The advantages and disadvantages of using organic fluid mixtures as opposed to an ammonia-water mixture are discussed. It is found that thermodynamic efficiencies achievable with organic fluid mixtures, under optimum conditions, are lower than those obtained with ammonia-water mixtures. Further, the refrigeration temperatures achievable using organic fluid mixtures are higher than those using ammonia-water mixtures.

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37

Penner, S. S. "Combined power plants, including Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) plants." Energy 18, no. 6 (June 1993): 703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(93)90049-j.

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38

SEÇKİN, Candeniz. "Energy and Exergy Analysis of an Innovative Power/Refrigeration Cycle: Kalina Cycle and Ejector Refrigeration Cycle." International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences 35, no. 2 (March 26, 2023): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.7240/jeps.1203686.

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This study presents a thermodynamic analysis of a new combined power/refrigeration combined cycle. The combined cycle is comprised of two innovative cycles: Kalina cycle (KNC) and ejector refrigeration cycle (ERC) for power and refrigeration production, respectively. Recovery of heat process is involved in the design of the cycle to rise the energetic and exergetic efficiencies: emitted heat by the KNC is absorbed by the ERC in order to generate cooling. Effects of variation in KNC operational conditions which have direct effects on turbine power production capacity (temperature and pressure of the working fluid flow at the turbine inlet) on performance evaluation parameters of the system (energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, energetic and exergetic content of produced refrigeration and net power) are investigated. A detailed discussion of the results is also reported. Energetic and exergetic efficiency results are substantially dominated by generated power, i.e., KNC parameters which impose direct effect on turbine power production performance is of superior importance to rise the energy and exergy efficiencies.

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39

Tamm, Gunnar, D. Yogi Goswami, Shaoguang Lu, and Afif A. Hasan. "Novel Combined Power and Cooling Thermodynamic Cycle for Low Temperature Heat Sources, Part I: Theoretical Investigation." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 125, no. 2 (May 1, 2003): 218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1564576.

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A combined thermal power and cooling cycle proposed by Goswami is under intensive investigation, both theoretically and experimentally. The proposed cycle combines the Rankine and absorption refrigeration cycles, producing refrigeration while power is the primary goal. A binary ammonia-water mixture is used as the working fluid. This cycle can be used as a bottoming cycle using waste heat from a conventional power cycle or as an independent cycle using low temperature sources such as geothermal and solar energy. Initial parametric studies of the cycle showed the potential for the cycle to be optimized for first or second law efficiency, as well as work or cooling output. For a solar heat source, optimization of the second law efficiency is most appropriate, since the spent heat source fluid is recycled through the solar collectors. The optimization results verified that the cycle could be optimized. Theoretical results were extended to include realistic irreversibilities in the cycle, in preparation for the experimental study.

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Kumar, Sachin. "Performance Optimization of Combined Cycle Power Plant Considering Various Operating Parameters." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 18, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jmeche.v18i1.15161.

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Combined cycle power plants are popular in the thermal engineering field for their higher efficiency as compared to normal cycles such as Rankine and Brayton Cycle. But main disadvantages of the cycle are waste heat rejection and low work output. To overcome these difficulties a heat recovery system is used in the present work to recover waste heat of the Brayton cycle as a steam generator for the Rankine cycle in a combined Gas-Vapor cycle. In the present work, the effect of factors such as “compression ratio”, “inlet air temperature” and “turbine inlet temperature” on cycle efficiency was calculated. It was found that cycle efficiency increases with increase in these factors. It was found that the optimum value of compression ratio is 12-18 for maximum output of combined cycle. Whereas inlet air temperature has adverse effect on cycle efficiency so it should be kept lower while increase in turbine inlet temperature increases the cycle’s work output and hence efficiency. Optimum values of turbine inlet temperature were found in the range of 1600-1700 K

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Manente, Giovanni. "High performance integrated solar combined cycles with minimum modifications to the combined cycle power plant design." Energy Conversion and Management 111 (March 2016): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.12.079.

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Horlock, J. H. "The Optimum Pressure Ratio for a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Plant." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 209, no. 4 (November 1995): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1995_209_004_01.

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A graphical method of calculating the performance of gas turbine cycles, developed by Hawthorne and Davis (1), is adapted to determine the pressure ratio of a combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plant which will give maximum overall efficiency. The results of this approximate analysis show that the optimum pressure ratio is less than that for maximum efficiency in the higher level (gas turbine) cycle but greater than that for maximum specific work in that cycle. Introduction of reheat into the higher cycle increases the pressure ratio required for maximum overall efficiency.

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Massardo, Aristide. "High-Efficiency Solar Dynamic Space Power Generation System." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 113, no. 3 (August 1, 1991): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930484.

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Space power technologies have undergone significant advances over the past few years, and great emphasis is being placed on the development of dynamic power systems at this time. A design study has been conducted to evaluate the applicability of a combined cycle concept—closed Brayton cycle and organic Rankine cycle coupling—for solar dynamic space power generation systems. In the concept presented here (solar dynamic combined cycle), the waste heat rejected by the closed Brayton cycle working fluid is utilized to heat the organic working fluid of an organic Rankine cycle system. This allows the solar dynamic combined cycle efficiency to be increased compared to the efficiencies of two subsystems (closed Brayton cycle and organic fluid cycle). Also, for small-size space power systems (up to 50 kW), the efficiency of the solar dynamic combined cycle can be comparable with Stirling engine performance. The closed Brayton cycle and organic Rankine cycle designs are based on a great deal of maturity assessed in much previous work on terrestrial and solar dynamic power systems. This is not yet true for the Stirling cycles. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance of the new space power generation system (solar dynamic combined cycle). The significant benefits of the solar dynamic combined cycle concept such as efficiency increase, mass reduction, specific area—collector and radiator—reduction, are presented and discussed for a low earth orbit space station application.

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Chen, Lingen, Zewei Meng, Yanlin Ge, and Feng Wu. "Performance Analysis and Optimization for Irreversible Combined Carnot Heat Engine Working with Ideal Quantum Gases." Entropy 23, no. 5 (April 27, 2021): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23050536.

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An irreversible combined Carnot cycle model using ideal quantum gases as a working medium was studied by using finite-time thermodynamics. The combined cycle consisted of two Carnot sub-cycles in a cascade mode. Considering thermal resistance, internal irreversibility, and heat leakage losses, the power output and thermal efficiency of the irreversible combined Carnot cycle were derived by utilizing the quantum gas state equation. The temperature effect of the working medium on power output and thermal efficiency is analyzed by numerical method, the optimal relationship between power output and thermal efficiency is solved by the Euler-Lagrange equation, and the effects of different working mediums on the optimal power and thermal efficiency performance are also focused. The results show that there is a set of working medium temperatures that makes the power output of the combined cycle be maximum. When there is no heat leakage loss in the combined cycle, all the characteristic curves of optimal power versus thermal efficiency are parabolic-like ones, and the internal irreversibility makes both power output and efficiency decrease. When there is heat leakage loss in the combined cycle, all the characteristic curves of optimal power versus thermal efficiency are loop-shaped ones, and the heat leakage loss only affects the thermal efficiency of the combined Carnot cycle. Comparing the power output of combined heat engines with four types of working mediums, the two-stage combined Carnot cycle using ideal Fermi-Bose gas as working medium obtains the highest power output.

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Mikielewicz, Dariusz, Jan Wajs, and Elżbieta Żmuda. "Organic Rankine Cycle as Bottoming Cycle to a Combined Brayton and Clausius - Rankine Cycle." Key Engineering Materials 597 (December 2013): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.597.87.

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A preliminary evaluation has been made of a possibility of bottoming of a conventional Brayton cycle cooperating with the CHP power plant with the organic Rankine cycle installation. Such solution contributes to the possibility of annual operation of that power plant, except of operation only in periods when there is a demand for the heat. Additional benefit would be the fact that an optimized backpressure steam cycle has the advantage of a smaller pressure ratio and therefore a less complex turbine design with smaller final diameter. In addition, a lower superheating temperature is required compared to a condensing steam cycle with the same evaporation pressure. Bottoming ORCs have previously been considered by Chacartegui et al. for combined cycle power plants [ Their main conclusion was that challenges are for the development of this technology in medium and large scale power generation are the development of reliable axial vapour turbines for organic fluids. Another study was made by Angelino et al. to improve the performance of steam power stations [. This paper presents an enhanced approach, as it will be considered here that the ORC installation could be extra-heated with the bleed steam, a concept presented by the authors in [. In such way the efficiency of the bottoming cycle can be increased and an amount of electricity generated increases. A thermodynamic analysis and a comparative study of the cycle efficiency for a simplified steam cycle cooperating with ORC cycle will be presented. The most commonly used organic fluids will be considered, namely R245fa, R134a, toluene, and 2 silicone oils (MM and MDM). Working fluid selection and its application area is being discussed based on fluid properties. The thermal efficiency is mainly determined by the temperature level of the heat source and the condenser conditions. The influence of several process parameters such as turbine inlet and condenser temperature, turbine isentropic efficiency, vapour quality and pressure, use of a regenerator (ORC) will be presented. Finally, some general and economic considerations related to the choice between a steam cycle and ORC are discussed.

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Santos, J. T. dos, T. M. Fagundes, E. D. dos Santos, L. A. Isoldi, and L. A. O. Rocha. "ANALYSIS OF A COMBINED BRAYTON/RANKINE CYCLE WITH TWO REGENERATORS IN PARALLEL." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 16, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v16i2.62205.

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This work presents a configuration of two regenerators in parallel for a power generation Brayton/Rankine cycle where the output power is 10 MW. The working fluids considered for the Brayton and Rankine cycles are air and water, respectively. The addition of a regenerator with the previous existing cycle of this kind resulted in the addition of a second-stage turbine in the Rankine cycle of reheat. The objective of this modification is to increase the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle. In order to examine the efficiency of the new configuration, it is performed a thermodynamic modelling and numerical simulations for both cases: a regular Brayton/Rankine cycle and the one with the proposed changes. At the end of the simulations, the two cycles are compared, and it is seen that the new configuration reaches a 0.9% higher efficiency. In addition, the vapor quality at the exit of the higher turbine is higher, reducing the required mass flow rate in 14%.

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Sinaga, Pricilia D. L., Setyo S. Moersidik, and Udi S. Hamzah. "Life Cycle Assessment of a combined cycle power plant in Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 716, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 012122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/716/1/012122.

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48

Murugan, R. S., and P. M. V. Subbarao. "Efficiency enhancement in a Rankine cycle power plant: Combined cycle approach." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 222, no. 8 (November 13, 2008): 753–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09576509jpe613.

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Chauhan, Vijay, P. Anil Kishan, and Sateesh Gedupudi. "Combined Cycle for Power Generation and Refrigeration Using Low Temperature Heat Sources." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 3, no. 3 (July 2014): 34–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2014070103.

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A combined refrigeration and power cycle, which uses ammonia-water as the working fluid, is proposed by combining Rankine and vapour absorption cycles with an advantage of varying refrigeration capacity to power output ratio. The study investigates the usage of low temperature heat sources for the cycle operation. Results of parametric analysis are presented, which show the scope for optimization. Results of thermodynamic optimization of the cycle for second law efficiency performed using genetic algorithm for different ambient temperatures are also presented. The cycle shows good potential for obtaining refrigeration and power generation.

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Haglind, F. "Variable geometry gas turbines for improving the part-load performance of marine combined cycles – Combined cycle performance." Applied Thermal Engineering 31, no. 4 (March 2011): 467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.09.029.

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