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Journal articles on the topic 'Combined penalties'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Vradi, Eleni, Werner Brannath, Thomas Jaki, and Richardus Vonk. "Model selection based on combined penalties for biomarker identification." Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics 28, no. 4 (2017): 735–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10543406.2017.1378662.

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Askes, Harm, Miguel Caramés-Saddler, and Antonio Rodríguez-Ferran. "Bipenalty method for time domain computational dynamics." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 466, no. 2117 (2009): 1389–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2009.0350.

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Penalty functions can be used to add constraints to systems of equations. In computational mechanics, stiffness-type penalties are the common choice. However, in dynamic applications stiffness penalties have the disadvantage that they tend to decrease the critical time step in conditionally stable time integration schemes, leading to increased CPU times for simulations. In contrast, inertia penalties increase the critical time step. In this paper, we suggest the simultaneous use of stiffness penalties and inertia penalties, which is denoted as the bipenalty method . We demonstrate that the acc

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Cipollini, Claudio. "DAC8 and Extraterritoriality: How to Enforce Compliance for non-EU Operators." EC Tax Review 33, Issue 1 (2024): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ecta2024003.

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Directive on Administrative Cooperation (DAC8) extends its scope to non-EU operators to improve the effectiveness of the exchange of information on crypto-asset transactions. Nonetheless, it is still for the Member States to determine the nature and size of the penalties for non-compliance and address their extraterritorial enforcement. Starting from this assumption, the present article aims to explore what penalties the Member States can adopt against non-compliant operators based in third countries. Furthermore, this study focuses on the multilateral, bilateral, and unilateral instruments fo

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Efremova, Irina A. "Features of Using Coercive Medical Measures, Combined with Punishments Without Isolation from Society." Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: History and Law 11, no. 5 (2021): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1501-2021-11-5-104-113.

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Relevance. Medical measures are currently not applied to persons who have committed a criminal offense, along with criminal penalties that are not related to isolation from society, due to the lack of clear legislative regulation of legal norms, as well as the contradictions of criminal and penal enforcement legislation in this part. The purpose it consists in identifying the features of the use of medical measures combined with punishments without isolation from society and in developing relevant proposals for improving the current legislation in this part. Objectives: to study the Russian le

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Qiao, Weipeng, and Hang Guo. "Evolutionary Game Analysis of Digital and Intelligent Transformation of Livestock Enterprises." Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 8, no. 3 (2025): 75–81. https://doi.org/10.26689/pbes.v8i3.11165.

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The livestock farming is an important pillar of the rural economy in China. To explore the impact of government technical subsidies and pollution penalties on the digital and intelligent transformation of livestock enterprises, an evolutionary game theoretical model between the government and livestock enterprises is constructed. The interaction mechanism of the game between the government and breeding enterprises is explored, and simulation is conducted. The research results show that the combined strategy of pollution penalties and technical subsidies is the optimal strategy for the governme

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Jaworska-Wieloch, Anna. "A FEW REMARKS ABOUT THE CHANGE IN THE ORDER OF EXECUTION OF PENALTIES AND MEASURES RESULTING IN THE DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY." Probacja 3 (February 28, 2021): 61–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6378.

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The subject of the article is the analysis of the reasons for changing the order of execution of the penalties and measures, regulated in art. 80 of the Executive Penal Code. This topi cis very rarely discussed in the literaturę, despite the fact that convicts, for the reasons indicated in the text, very often want to change the order of execution of the penalties. Despite the multitude of applications sentenced to apply art. 80 of the Executive Penal Code and the high degree of generality of the premises included in this provision, there is a lack of judicature and extensive studies on this s

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Komara, Acep, Ratna Jilang, Rima Nurhalimah, Bintang Fajar Safei, and Firman Hidayat. "The Effect of Understanding Taxation, Tax Sanctions, Taxpayer Awareness, and Quality of Fiscal Services on Taxpayer Compliance Individual Taxpayers in KPP Pratama Cirebon Satu." Journal Transnational Universal Studies 2, no. 7 (2024): 296–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.58631/jtus.v2i7.111.

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This study aims to examine the factors influencing taxpayer compliance among individual taxpayers enrolled at KPP Pratama Cirebon Satu, focusing on tax knowledge, tax penalties, taxpayer awareness, and the quality of fiscal services. A random sample was drawn from the population, and data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM PLS) combined with multiple linear regression analysis. The findings indicate that taxpayer awareness and the quality of fiscal services positively and significantly impact individual taxpayer compliance at KPP Pratama Cirebon Satu. H

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Leung, Tim, and Yoshihiro Shirai. "Optimal derivative liquidation timing under path-dependent risk penalties." Journal of Financial Engineering 02, no. 01 (2015): 1550004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s234576861550004x.

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This paper studies the risk-adjusted optimal timing to liquidate an option at the prevailing market price. In addition to maximizing the expected discounted return from option sale, we incorporate a path-dependent risk penalty based on shortfall or quadratic variation of the option price up to the liquidation time. We establish the conditions under which it is optimal to immediately liquidate or hold the option position through expiration. Furthermore, we study the variational inequality associated with the optimal stopping problem, and prove the existence and uniqueness of a strong solution.

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Abdul-Aziz, Ahmad A., Rodney A. Hayward, Keith D. Aaronson, and Scott L. Hummel. "Association Between Medicare Hospital Readmission Penalties and 30-Day Combined Excess Readmission and Mortality." JAMA Cardiology 2, no. 2 (2017): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2016.3704.

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Pranka, Darius. "Peculiarities of consolidation of criminal penalties and the justice of the final sentence in the practice of Lithuanian courts." Kriminologijos studijos 11 (March 5, 2024): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/crimlithuan.2023.11.2.

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Scholars of criminal law have not considered the issue of consolidation of criminal penalties for some time, and it has been undeservedly forgotten. However, the method of consolidation of criminal penalties and the size of the final punishment are very important for the defendant. In addition, in judicial practice, there are often various problems related to the correct and appropriate summation of sentences. It is sometimes very easy to get lost in the labyrinths of sentence sizes, numbers and calculation of the last sentence. The article begins by presenting a negative example of judicial p

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Odilla, Fernanda. "Oversee and Punish: Understanding the Fight Against Corruption Involving Government Workers in Brazil." Politics and Governance 8, no. 2 (2020): 140–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.v8i2.2716.

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This exploratory study leverages a major dataset of official penalties against Brazilian bureaucrats enforced between January 2003 and November 2014, when 5,005 expulsive sanctions were enforced, 68.5% of which concerned acts of corruption. The analysis and discussion also integrate qualitative data gathered through 24 semi-structured interviews with civil servants who were integrity enforcers. Despite the rapid increase in the number of penalties enforced over the years, the creation of a robust set of disciplinary norms and an anti-corruption agency have not secured a fully operational horiz

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Yuan, Rongye, and Boyun Zhang. "An Evolutionary Game Study on the Collaborative Mechanism for Construction Digitalization Among Governments, Contractors, and Service Providers." Buildings 15, no. 11 (2025): 1933. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15111933.

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As technologies such as Building Information Modeling, the Internet of Things, and cloud computing spread, digital transformation in construction is widely seen as a path to greater efficiency and sustainability. Yet multiple stakeholders and persistent information asymmetry often hamper genuine cooperation, undermining digitalization’s potential. This study constructs an evolutionary game model involving government, contractor, and service providers under incomplete information. A combined subsidies-and-penalties mechanism is introduced to derive replicator dynamics and identify conditions fo

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Mahajan, Ankush, Konstantinos Christodoulopoulos, Ricardo Martínez, Salvatore Spadaro, and Raül Muñoz. "Modeling EDFA Gain Ripple and Filter Penalties with Machine Learning for Accurate QoT Estimation." Journal of Lightwave Technology, 38, no. 9 (2020): 2616–29. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2020.2975081.

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For reliable and efficient network planning and operation, accurate estimation of Quality of Transmission (QoT) before establishing or reconfiguring the connection is necessary. In optical networks, a design margin is generally included in a QoT estimation tool (Qtool) to account for modeling and parameter inaccuracies, ensuring the acceptable performance. In this article, we use monitoring information from an operating network combined with supervised machine learning (ML) techniques to understand the network conditions. In particular, we model the penalties generated due to i) Erbium Doped F

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Feng, Can, Liang Xiao, and Zhihui Wei. "Combined First- and Second-Order Variational Model for Image Compressive Sensing." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/470165.

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A hybrid variational model combined first- and second-order total variation for image reconstruction from its finite number of noisy compressive samples is proposed in this paper. Inspired by majorization-minimization scheme, we develop an efficient algorithm to seek the optimal solution of the proposed model by successively minimizing a sequence of quadratic surrogate penalties. Both the nature and magnetic resonance (MR) images are used to compare its numerical performance with four state-of-the-art algorithms. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm obtained a significa

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Nishimwe H., Leon Fidele, and Sung-Guk Yoon. "Combined Optimal Planning and Operation of a Fast EV-Charging Station Integrated with Solar PV and ESS." Energies 14, no. 11 (2021): 3152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113152.

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Sufficient and convenient fast-charging facilities are crucial for the effective integration of electric vehicles. To construct enough fast electric vehicle-charging stations, station owners need to earn a reasonable profit. This paper proposed an optimization framework for profit maximization, which determined the combined planning and operation of the charging station considering the vehicle arrival pattern, intermittent solar photovoltaic generation, and energy storage system management. In a planning horizon, the proposed optimization framework finds an optimal configuration of a grid-conn

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Chen, Xiaojie, Tatsuya Sasaki, Åke Brännström, and Ulf Dieckmann. "First carrot, then stick: how the adaptive hybridization of incentives promotes cooperation." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 12, no. 102 (2015): 20140935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.0935.

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Social institutions often use rewards and penalties to promote cooperation. Providing incentives tends to be costly, so it is important to find effective and efficient policies for the combined use of rewards and penalties. Most studies of cooperation, however, have addressed rewarding and punishing in isolation and have focused on peer-to-peer sanctioning as opposed to institutional sanctioning. Here, we demonstrate that an institutional sanctioning policy we call ‘first carrot, then stick’ is unexpectedly successful in promoting cooperation. The policy switches the incentive from rewarding t

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Kelly, Kimberly, and Linda Grant. "Penalties and premiums: The impact of gender, marriage, and parenthood on faculty salaries in science, engineering and mathematics (SEM) and non-SEM fields." Social Studies of Science 42, no. 6 (2012): 869–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312712457111.

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The prevalence of gender wage gaps in academic work is well documented, but patterns of advantage or disadvantage linked to marital, motherhood, and fatherhood statuses have been less explored among college and university faculty. Drawing from a nationally representative sample of faculty in the US, we explore how the combined effects of marriage, children, and gender affect faculty salaries in science, engineering and mathematics (SEM) and non-SEM fields. We examine whether faculty members’ productivity moderates these relationships and whether these effects vary between SEM and non-SEM facul

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Friedland, Nehemia. "The Combined Effect of the Severity and the Certainty of Threatened Penalties: Additive or Interactive?" Journal of Applied Social Psychology 20, no. 16 (1990): 1358–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1990.tb01477.x.

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Erans, María, Dawid Hanak, Jordi Mir, Edward Anthony, and Vasilije Manovic. "Process modelling and techno-economic analysis of natural gas combined cycle integrated with calcium looping." Thermal Science 20, suppl. 1 (2016): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci151001209e.

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Calcium looping (CaL) is promising for large-scale CO2 capture in the power generation and industrial sectors due to the cheap sorbent used and the relatively low energy penalties achieved with this process. Because of the high operating temperatures the heat utilisation is a major advantage of the process, since a significant amount of power can be generated from it. However, this increases its complexity and capital costs. Therefore, not only the energy efficiency performance is important for these cycles, but also the capital costs must be taken into account, i.e. techno-economic analyses a

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Phan, Thanh-Duy, and Nathee Athigakunagorn. "Discrete-event simulation-based decision making of Just-In-Time strategies for precast concrete supply chain using batch delivery and offsite inventory level." Uncertain Supply Chain Management 10, no. 3 (2022): 679–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2022.5.007.

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Precast concrete (PC) can potentially improve construction industry projects when used as a primary process in the precast concrete supply chain (PCSC). Successful inventory reduction and on-time delivery are essential in the PCSC because of critical scheduling and cost factors. To solve these challenges, this study applied Just-In-Time (JIT) strategies in the PCSC using the Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) model to help manufacturers identify the optimal decision. The factors considered were offsite inventory levels (based on days buffered) and batch delivery decisions that reduced supply pena

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Rübenstahl, Markus, and Christian Brauns. "Trial and Error—A Critique of the New German Draft Code for a Genuine Corporate Criminal Liability." German Law Journal 16, no. 4 (2015): 871–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200019921.

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The following article aims to analyze the first German draft bill concerning a corporate criminal code. The draft bill, recently introduced by the federal state of Nordrhein-Westfalen, led to a transformation of a theoretical academic discussion towards a specific proposal on potential future legislation. Firstly, the article introduces underlying reasons for the draft based on deficiencies of the current legislation. Current regulations solely provide corporate administrative responsibility for criminal offenses committed by a corporation's management (involving huge fines). Subsequently, the

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Gibson, J. G., P. A. Watt, and P. Smith. "Measuring the Fiscal Pressure on English Local Authorities under the Block Grant System." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 5, no. 2 (1987): 157–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c050157.

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It is widely accepted that local authorities in England have been placed under increasing fiscal pressure during the 1980s by the block grant system combined with the rising level of grant penalties. Controversy surrounds the question of which local authorities have been worst treated by the new system. In this paper it is shown how the measurement of relative fiscal pressure has become much more complex than under the previous grant system, and published results on a suggested measure of fiscal pressure between 1980/81 and 1984/85 are presented.

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Mendeleev, D. I., Yu Ya Galitskii, G. E. Marin, and A. R. Akhmetshin. "Study of the work and efficiency improvement of combined-cycle gas turbine plants." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 05061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912405061.

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The purpose of the paper is to study and analyze the possibility of increasing the power output of a combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) unit during the period of positive ambient temperatures. The first task is to analyze the operation of a 110 MW combined-cycle power unit at various ambient temperatures and to obtain alterations in the main CCGT characteristics when the ambient temperature changes. The other task is to study the usage of an absorption refrigeration machine in a CCGT cycle to increase its energy efficiency. Calculations of the thermal scheme of a gas turbine were carried out us

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Agazzani, A., A. F. Massardo, and C. A. Frangopoulos. "Environmental Influence on the Thermoeconomic Optimization of a Combined Plant With NOx Abatement." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 120, no. 3 (1998): 557–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2818183.

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Methods to analyze, improve, and optimize thermal energy systems have to take into account not only energy (exergy) consumption and economic resources, but also pollution and degradation of the environment. The term “environomics” implies a method that takes thermodynamic, economic, and environmental aspects systematically into consideration for the analysis and optimization of energy systems. For optimization of energy systems, the environmental aspects are quantified and introduced into the objective function. In this particular work, the environomic approach is followed for the analysis and

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Schmidt, CP, RK Belford, and D. Tennant. "Effect of different direct drilling and conventional sowing techniques on soil strength, root growth and grain yield of wheat on sandplain soils in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45, no. 3 (1994): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9940547.

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Experiments were conducted to compare different direct drilling and conventional sowing techniques, and describe the effects of these techniques on soil strength, root growth and grain yield of wheat on sandplain soils in the northern wheat-belt of Western Australia. Soil strength was identified as a critical factor affecting root growth; increasing the depth of soil loosening beneath seeding depth with a modified direct drill reduced soil strength relative to that found in the traditional direct drill treatments, and increased rooting density beyond the 10 cm soil depth. As loosening depth in

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Alm, James, Stacy Dickert-Conlin, and Leslie A. Whittington. "Policy Watch: The Marriage Penalty." Journal of Economic Perspectives 13, no. 3 (1999): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.13.3.193.

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Many government programs have implicit penalties or subsidies for marriage. For example, many couples pay higher income taxes when married than their combined tax liabilities as single filers, while many other couples receive a marriage subsidy because their joint taxes fall with marriage. Likewise, most low-income couples are eligible for higher welfare benefits if they are separated rather than married. This article discusses the marriage penalty, with a particular focus on tax and transfer programs. Why does it exist? Who faces it? To what extent does it affect marriage and labor market beh

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Mahrous Ali Naji, Islam. "المواجهة التشريعية لجريمة التحرش بالقاصرات عبر الوسائل الإلكترونيَّة". ARAB JOURNAL FOR SECURITY STUDIES 41, № 1 (2025): 01–16. https://doi.org/10.26735/tuka9433.

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This research addresses the issue of online harassment of minors, which is considered one of the most significant”silent” and covert crimes, often associated with a high”dark figure” of unreported cases. This type of crime has seen a marked increase in recent times, largely due to the growing dependence on modern technological tools across various aspects of life, the lack of adequate parental oversight and monitoring of children through technological means, as well as the decline in social and familial cohesion. The situation becomes even more complex when a minor is subjected to such crimes

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Wang, Xinhua, Rongwu Lu, Hao Yu, and Dan Li. "Stability of the Evolutionary Game System and Control Strategies of Behavior Instability in Coal Mine Safety Management." Complexity 2019 (February 3, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6987427.

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In this paper, we try to find the right control method for the game behavior instability in coal mine safety management. Through the analysis and comparison of the system stability with inflexible and flexible costs and penalties, it can be concluded that the dynamical game system with flexible costs (incentive rewards) and flexible penalty mechanism can significantly reduce the dynamics of unsafe behaviors in coal mine safety supervision. A combined mechanism of incentive rewards and flexible penalty is put forward to improve the stability of the dynamical system and control the instability o

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Foldvary, Fred E. "The Ethics of Taxation." Public Finance and Management 1, no. 3 (2001): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152397210100100306.

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The judgment of taxation by ethical standards requires a universally applicable ethic. Such an ethic, natural moral law, can be derived using the Lockean framework based on equality. By this universal ethic, persons have property rights in their bodies and lives, and thus in their labor. the taxation of wages and of products of labor are therefore morally wrong. the equality premise, combined with the Lockean proviso on land, leads to the conclusion that public revenues may be justly obtained from the rental benefit of natural resources. Voluntary user fees and invasion penalties such as pollu

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Giuffrida, Antonio, Paolo Chiesa, and Antonio P. Sordillo. "A Thermodynamic Study of Pressure Gain Combustion in Combined Cycles." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2893, no. 1 (2024): 012029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2893/1/012029.

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Abstract Gas turbines are internal combustion engines based on the Brayton-Joule cycle with four thermodynamic processes including air compression, constant pressure combustion, gas expansion and heat rejection. Actually, a relevant increase in entropy production is related to the constant pressure combustion, even in the ideal cycle, so alternative combustion solutions, such as the Pressure Gain Combustion (PGC), are worthy of attention. This work aims at investigating PGC potential in gas turbines compared to conventional power plants based on the Brayton-Joule cycle. Both simple cycle and c

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Ning, Lianju, Qifang Gao, and Jingtao Liu. "How to Realize the Collaborative Supply of Cultural Resource Big Data with Government Participation: Experiences from China." Sustainability 16, no. 20 (2024): 8831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16208831.

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To foster the sustainable development of culture, particularly focusing on the preservation of cultural heritage, encompassing relics, intangible cultural heritage, and historical sites, China has launched a strategy for the digitalization of culture, with the goal of establishing a holistic national big data framework for cultural resources. To improve the efficiency of collaborative supply of cultural resource big data among various parties and to further advance the sustainable development of culture, this research has created a cooperative model that includes cultural institutions, a cultu

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Maris, Stefania Codruta, Federico Capra, Federico Ardenti, et al. "Reducing N Fertilization without Yield Penalties in Maize with a Commercially Available Seed Dressing." Agronomy 11, no. 3 (2021): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030407.

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Introducing smart and sustainable tools for climate change adaptation and mitigation is a major need to support agriculture’s productivity potential. We assessed the effects of the processed gypsum seed dressing SOP® COCUS MAIZE+ (SCM), combined with a gradient of N fertilization rates (i.e., 0%, 70% equal to 160 kg N ha−1, and 100% equal to 230 kg N ha−1) in maize (Zea mays L.), on: (i) grain yield, (ii) root length density (RLD) and diameter class length (DCL), (iii) biodiversity of soil bacteria and fungi, and (iv) Greenhouse Gases (GHGs, i.e., N2O, CO2, and CH4) emission. Grain yield incre

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Ardatovsky, M. I., and T. G. Maximova. "Combined Method of Release Planning in Agile Teams Based on Genetic Algorithms." Economics Law Innovaion, no. 4 (December 29, 2024): 60–68. https://doi.org/10.17586/2713-1874-2024-4-60-68.

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The paper analyzes the practices of release planning and task allocation in agile project management using multi-criteria optimization methods and genetic algorithms. A combined method that solves the problem of selecting re-quirements for release (Next Release Problem) based on NSGA-II algorithm and optimization of task scheduling con-sidering resource constraints and sequence of stages (Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem) is developed. The peculiarities of using DEAP library in Python to implement evolutionary computations are described, as well as the use of NumPy library to ac

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Dong, Zhengchao, Feng Liu, Alayar Kangarlu, and Bradley S. Peterson. "Metabolite Mapping with Extended Brain Coverage Using a Fast Multisection MRSI Pulse Sequence and a Multichannel Coil." International Journal of Biomedical Imaging 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/247161.

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Multisection magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging is a widely used pulse sequence that has distinct advantages over other spectroscopic imaging sequences, such as dynamic shimming, large region-of-interest coverage within slices, and rapid data acquisition. It has limitations, however, in the number of slices that can be acquired in realistic scan times and information loss from spacing between slices. In this paper, we synergize the multi-section spectroscopic imaging pulse sequence with multichannel coil technology to overcome these limitations. These combined techniques now permit elimi

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Kannan, B. K., and S. N. Kramer. "An Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Based Method for Mixed Integer Discrete Continuous Optimization and Its Applications to Mechanical Design." Journal of Mechanical Design 116, no. 2 (1994): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2919393.

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An algorithm for solving nonlinear optimization problems involving discrete, integer, zero-one, and continuous variables is presented. The augmented Lagrange multiplier method combined with Powell’s method and Fletcher and Reeves Conjugate Gradient method are used to solve the optimization problem where penalties are imposed on the constraints for integer/discrete violations. The use of zero-one variables as a tool for conceptual design optimization is also described with an example. Several case studies have been presented to illustrate the practical use of this algorithm. The results obtaine

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Thomas, Dean T., Roger A. Lawes, Katrien Descheemaeker, and Andrew D. Moore. "Selection of crop cultivars suited to the location combined with astute management can reduce crop yield penalties in pasture cropping systems." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 10 (2014): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13436.

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Pasture cropping is an emerging farming-systems practice of southern Australia, in which winter grain crops are sown into an established stand of a winter-dormant, summer-growing perennial pasture. There is a pressing need to define times, locations and climates that are suitable for pasture cropping. To evaluate effects of management interventions, agro-environment, and possible interactions on crop and pasture productivity associated with pasture cropping, an AusFarm® simulation model was built to describe a pasture-cropping system based on annual crop and subtropical grass. The model was pa

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Wei, Xiaochao, Qi Liao, Yanfei Zhang, and Guihua Nie. "Effect of Overconfidence on Product Diffusion in Online Social Networks: A Multiagent Simulation Based on Evolutionary Game and Overconfidence Theory." Complexity 2022 (March 28, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1516419.

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The rapid development of online social media has significantly promoted product diffusion in online social networks (PDOSN). However, prior studies focusing on irrational behavior, such as overconfidence, in PDOSN are scarce. To investigate the effect of overconfidence on PDOSN, this study combined overconfidence and an evolutionary game to conduct a multiagent simulation on PDOSN. This combined method provided an effective reference to examine product diffusion in the context of irrational behavior. After careful consideration, this study identified three overconfidence scenarios, benefit, co

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Ho, Shuk Ying, Soon-Yeow Phang, and Robyn Moroney. "The combined effect of perspective-taking and incentives on professional skepticism." Managerial Auditing Journal 37, no. 1 (2021): 129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-02-2021-3019.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the combined effect of two interventions, perspective taking and incentives, on auditors’ professional skepticism (hereafter skepticism) when auditing complex estimates. Specifically, this paper examines the different ways that perspective taking (management versus inspector) and incentives (absent versus reward versus penalty) combine to impact skepticism. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses an experiment with 177 experienced Big 4 auditors. The experiment used a 2 (management vs inspector perspective) × 3 (absent vs reward vs penalty incentives)

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Connor, John M. "Global Antitrust Prosecutions of International Cartels: Focus on Asia." World Competition 31, Issue 4 (2008): 575–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2008046.

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International cartelists today face antitrust investigations and possible fines in a score of national and supranational jurisdictions. This article aims at providing quantitative information about the size and impacts of international cartel activity in Asia and uses a sample of modern private cartels to evaluate the relative effectiveness of three prominent Asian antitrust authorities. The sample consists of legal and economic information on 433 international cartels detected in Asia and the rest of the world during 1990–2007.The need for assertive anti–cartel enforcement in Asia is demonstr

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Gilleland, Eric. "Testing Competing Precipitation Forecasts Accurately and Efficiently: The Spatial Prediction Comparison Test." Monthly Weather Review 141, no. 1 (2013): 340–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-12-00155.1.

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Abstract Which model is best? Many challenges exist when testing competing forecast models, especially for those with high spatial resolution. Spatial correlation, double penalties, and small-scale errors are just a few such challenges. Many new methods have been developed in recent decades to tackle these issues. The spatial prediction comparison test (SPCT), which was developed for general spatial fields and applied to wind speed, is applied here to precipitation fields; which pose many unique challenges in that they are not normally distributed, are marked by numerous zero-valued grid point

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Manullang, Sinton Salfator, Kusno Kusno, and Toni Toni. "Juridical Review of the Criminal act of Cigarette Circulation Without Excise Tape According to Law Number 39 of 2007 Concerning Excise." Journal of Social Research 2, no. 1 (2022): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55324/josr.v2i1.464.

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Background: In Article 1 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution, it is stated that the State of the Republic of Indonesia is a country of law where the law is used as the commander-in-chief to realize truth and justice in Indonesia. Law is a series of rules that master certain behaviors and deeds of human life in social life.  Objective: This study aims to find out and analyze the legal regulation of the circulation of cigarettes without excise in Indonesia. As well as knowing and analyzing law enforcement against the circulation of non-excise cigarettes in Indonesia. 

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Xu, Ziqiang, Ahmad Salehi Shahraki, and Carsten Rudolph. "Blockchain-Based Malicious Behaviour Management Scheme for Smart Grids." Smart Cities 6, no. 5 (2023): 3005–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities6050135.

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The smart grid optimises energy transmission efficiency and provides practical solutions for energy saving and life convenience. Along with a decentralised, transparent and fair trading model, the smart grid attracts many users to participate. In recent years, many researchers have contributed to the development of smart grids in terms of network and information security so that the security, reliability and stability of smart grid systems can be guaranteed. However, our investigation reveals various malicious behaviours during smart grid transactions and operations, such as electricity theft,

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Dong, Ying, Zhongyuan Sun, and Luyi Qiu. "A Tripartite Evolutionary Game Analysis of Enterprise Data Sharing Under Government Regulations." Systems 13, no. 3 (2025): 151. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13030151.

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The tripartite evolutionary game model focuses on the strategic choices and evolutionary laws of three parties in dynamic interaction. By constructing a tripartite evolutionary game model involving the government, Enterprise A, and Enterprise B, this paper analyzes the strategic choices of enterprise data sharing from the perspective of government regulation and uses the simulation method to assign and simulate the parameters of the model. Furthermore, the evolutionary trends of the behavioral strategies of the three parties are analyzed under the changes of factors such as the government’s re

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Kylemark, Per, Magnus Karlsson, and Henrik Sunnerud. "Penalties due to the combined effects of amplitude noise and timing-jitter with application to a 40 Gbit/s DM-soliton system." Optical Fiber Technology 11, no. 1 (2005): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2004.08.001.

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Shivappriya, S. N., S. Karthikeyan, S. Prabu, R. Pérez de Pérez de Prado, and B. D. Parameshachari. "A Modified ABC-SQP-Based Combined Approach for the Optimization of a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle." Energies 13, no. 17 (2020): 4529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174529.

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In this paper, an improved fuel consumption and emissions control strategy based on a mathematical and heuristic approach is presented to optimize Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs). The well-known Sequential Quadratic Programming mathematical method (SQP-Hessian approach) presents some limitations to achieve fuel consumption and emissions control optimization, as it is not able to find the global minimum, and it generally shows efficient results in local exploitation searches. The usage of a combined Modified Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (MABC) with the SQP approach is proposed in th

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Putri, Nyoman Dita Ary, I. Nyoman Gede Sugiartha, and Ni Made Sukaryati Karma. "Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Peredaran Rokok Tanpa Cukai di Indonesia." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 3, no. 1 (2022): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jph.3.1.4679.171-176.

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Indonesia as a developing country, one of whose income is through Customs and Excise levies, the responsibility of which will be borne by the apparatus of the Directorate General of Customs and Excise, such as cigarettes. However, there are still many cigarette factories or entrepreneurs who commit violations in the form of distributing cigarettes without excise in Indonesia. The purposes of this study are to analyze the legal regulation of the circulation of excise-free cigarettes in Indonesia and law enforcement efforts against the distribution of excise-free cigarettes in Indonesia. This re

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Restrepo-Valencia, Sara, and Arnaldo Walter. "CO2 Capture in a Thermal Power Plant Using Sugarcane Residual Biomass." Energies 16, no. 12 (2023): 4570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16124570.

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The decarbonization of energy matrices is crucial to limit global warming below 2 °C this century. An alternative capable of enabling zero or even negative CO2 emissions is bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). In this sense, the Brazilian sugar–energy sector draws attention, as it would be possible to combine the production of fuel and electricity from renewable biomass. This paper is the final part of a study that aimed to research carbon capture and storage (CCS) in energy systems based on sugarcane. The case studied is CCS in thermal power plants considering two different tech

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Finkelstein, Maxim, Gregory Levitin, and Oleg A. Stepanov. "On operation termination for degrading systems with two types of failures." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 233, no. 3 (2018): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748006x18802654.

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When a failure occurring during a system operation can result in considerable penalties, it can be more cost-effective to terminate the operation at some time avoiding the risk of future failures. This strategy can be relevant for aging systems, for example, when the system failure rate is increasing. The paper analyzes three strategies of termination for systems with major and minor failures. A major failure automatically terminates the operation, whereas the minor failures are minimally repaired. We show that the age-based strategy outperforms the one with termination after the mth minimal r

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Deivanayagampillai, Nagarajan, Kuppulakshmi V., and Sugapriya C. "Optimum production lot size for a perishable product under exponential demand with partial backordering and rework." Spectrum of Mechanical Engineering and Operational Research 1, no. 1 (2024): 206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31181/smeor11202416.

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The management of inventory significantly impacts an organization's profitability. Numerous researchers have developed the production model tailored for decaying items to boost sales and minimize inventory, thereby increasing turnover ratios. This study focuses on the EPQ model for reworkable items under exponential combined with inventory dynamics. The primary objective is to optimize the production plan to manage maintenance costs effectively, ensuring optimal Leveraging human and technological resources. The research determines the optimal cycle length, backordered quantities, and productio

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Vasiliu, Laura, Florin Pop, Catalin Negru, Mariana Mocanu, Valentin Cristea, and Joanna Kolodziej. "A Hybrid Scheduler for Many Task Computing in Big Data Systems." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 27, no. 2 (2017): 385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amcs-2017-0027.

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AbstractWith the rapid evolution of the distributed computing world in the last few years, the amount of data created and processed has fast increased to petabytes or even exabytes scale. Such huge data sets need data-intensive computing applications and impose performance requirements to the infrastructures that support them, such as high scalability, storage, fault tolerance but also efficient scheduling algorithms. This paper focuses on providing a hybrid scheduling algorithm for many task computing that addresses big data environments with few penalties, taking into consideration the deadl

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