Relevant bibliographies by topics / Combustion supervision

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Combustion supervision'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Combustion supervision"

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Mansurov, Z. A. "Soot and Nanomaterials Formation in Flame." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 16, no. 2-3 (April 8, 2014): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj181.

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<p>The seventieth anniversary of Professor Jürgen Warnatz is an important event for the scientific community of investigators of chemical kinetics and computation of combustion. His brilliant research in the field of combustion, particularly in the chemical kinetics reactions should be noted. His manuscript «Combustion»<br />with co-authors is a handbook for specialists in the field of combustion and under my supervision was translated to Kazakh. Professor J.Warnatz contributed much to the development of combustion processes modeling and education of scientists from various countries, including Kazakhstan. The general scheme of conversion of hydrocarbon fuels with new experimental data on the formation of fullerenes and graphenes, taking into account the pressure effect is proposed for the fuel-rich flames. It is shown that the formation of fullerenes is important to the corresponding spatial orientation of PAH, possible at low pressures. The formation of hydrophobic soot surface on silicon and nickel substrates during combustion of propane-oxygen flame was studied. It is stated that the hydrophobic properties are due to the presence of soot particles in the form of nanobeads.</p><p> </p>
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Carbot-Rojas, D. A., R. F. Escobar-Jiménez, J. F. Gómez-Aguilar, and A. C. Téllez-Anguiano. "A survey on modeling, biofuels, control and supervision systems applied in internal combustion engines." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 73 (June 2017): 1070–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.168.

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Tic, Wilhelm Jan, and Joanna Guziałowska-Tic. "The Cost-Efficiency Analysis of a System for Improving Fine-Coal Combustion Efficiency of Power Plant Boilers." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 16, 2021): 4295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144295.

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Hard coal is widely used as a source of energy, and a number of catalysts have been developed to minimize the noxious impact of this fuel on combustion. This paper presents the cost-efficiency analysis of a system for improving the combustion of solid fuels, especially fine coal, in power boilers. The system is provided with a control and supervision device. It has been designed for better accuracy in controlling the boiler operating parameters, with a view to improving combustion efficiency due to the use of catalysts. The tests were carried out for system capacities ranging from 3 to 100 MW. It was found that, depending on the size of the system in the range of 3–100 MW, savings in the fuel consumption ranged from 2% to 8% due to the implementation of novel solutions in the boiler plant operation and from 2 to 6% due to the use of the combustion catalysts. Apart from boosting energy efficiency, the use of catalysts and the efficiency-boosting system resulted in the costs of overhauls being cut by about 20%. The payback time depends on system capacities, and it is between 6.75 and 1.74 years for capacities ranging from 3 to 75 MW and 2.0 years for a 100 MW plant.
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Majewski, Mariusz W. "Prace Instytutu Metalurgii i Metaloznawstwa przy Politechnice Warszawskiej i Jan Czochralski." Studia Historiae Scientiarum 17 (December 12, 2018): 89–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543702xshs.18.005.9325.

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The article discusses the issues of implementation of important achievements in the field of metallurgy (including armored weapons, fortifications and the navy), under the supervision of prof. Jan Czochralski, who played an important role in the development of the armed forces of the Second Polish Republic. At the same time, it has been noted that the activities of the institutes were conditioned by the poor development of non-ferrous metallurgy, which contributed to delays in the development of technical thinking in the field of aviation and combustion engines, an important element of the armed forces.
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DOGRA, Bharat Ankur, Mehakveer SINGH, Tejinder Kumar JINDAL, and Subhash CHANDER. "Technological advancements in Pulse Detonation Engine Technology in the recent past: A Characterized Report." INCAS BULLETIN 11, no. 4 (December 8, 2019): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2019.11.4.8.

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Pulse Detonation Engine (PDE), is an emerging and promising propulsive technology all over the world in the past few decades. A pulse detonation engine (PDE) is a type of propulsion system that uses detonation waves to combust the fuel and oxidizer mixture. Theoretically, a PDE can be operate from subsonic to hypersonic flight speeds. Pulsed detonation engines offer many advantages over conventional air-breathing engines and are regarded as potential replacements for air-breathing and rocket propulsion systems, for platforms ranging from subsonic unmanned vehicles, long-range transportation, high-speed vehicles, space launchers to space vehicles. This article highlights the operating cycle of PDE, starting with the fuel-oxidizer mixture, combustion and Deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) followed by purging. PDE combustion process, a unique process, leads to consistent and repeatable detonation waves. This pulsed detonation combustion process causes rapid burning of the fuel-oxidizer mixture, which cannot be seen in any other combustion process as it is a thousand times faster than any other mode of combustion. PDE not only holds the capability of running effectively up to Mach 5 but it also changes the technicalities in space propulsion. The present paper is the extension of the previous study which is also a well characterized status report of PDE in different areas. The present study deals with the categorization of the design approach, computations & simulations, flow visualization, DDT & Thrust enhancement, PDRE’s, experimental detonation engines with some of the experience and research undertaken in Punjab Engineering College under the complete supervision and guidance of Prof. Tejinder Kumar Jindal followed by applications of PDE technology.
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SINAULAN, Ramlani Lina, HAMDI HAMDI, and Abdul RAHMAT. "Investment and Liability on Oil Palm Land Use and Environmental Sustainability." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 9, no. 1 (June 19, 2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v9.1(25).02.

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Indonesia as developed country which posses’ abundant natural resources has potential as producer of oil palm plantation due to its climate and the support from oil palm plantation investors. Oil palm plantation development has to guarantee the sustainability of surrounding environmental condition based on article The Law Number 39 of Year 2014 Concerning Plantation the Law Number 31 of Year 2009 Concerning Protection and Management of Environment. Infringement against the law - such as logging the forest irresponsibly by employing land combustion method in order to create a new oil palm plantation without spending too much cost and in order to accelerate the oil palm growth process - continuously happens. Such fact has been found out through court verdicts as well as academic researches. As the result, it created deteriorated ecosystem as shown by lack of soil nutrient, land infertility, erosion and flood. Due to massive impact resulted from such action; crime against environment might be categorized as extra ordinary crime. Therefore, crime against environment requires special concern from Indonesian Financial Services Authority by imposing financial control on the Plantation Company, profile assessment and supervision from central government as well as local government.
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Silva, Givanilda Honório, Miguel Ysrrael Ramírez-Sánchez, and Rodrigo Florencio da Silva. "Caracterización de la Contaminación Atmosférica por Calcinación de Yeso en los Municipios de Araripina y Trindade, Noreste de Brasil." Ensaios e Ciência: Ciências Biológicas, Agrárias e da Saúde 23, no. 3 (December 18, 2019): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2019v23n3p203-212.

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ResumenEste manuscrito presenta a través de un estudio tipo no experiemental la caracterización de la contaminación atmosférica por la calcinación de yeso en los municipios de Araripina y Trindade del estado de Pernambuco, en el noreste de Brasil. Esos municipios son importantes por conformar el Complejo Yesero de Araripe que representa la mayor parte de la producción de yeso de Brasil, considerada una de las mayores del mundo. La investigación se realizó utilizando datos de informes de pruebas de caracterización de emisiones atmosféricas realizadas en 20 empresas, 9 de Trindade y 11 de Araripina, de 2015 a 2018. Según los resultados, no hubo una reducción significativa en las emisiones de contaminantes entre 2015 y 2016, lo que evidencia pocas inversiones en el mantenimiento y mejora de los procesos. Sin embargo, para el período 2017-2018, los datos muestran una disminución en las emisiones de contaminantes, con un número considerable de empresas que cumplen con los límites establecidos por la ley. Dado lo anterior, existe la necesidad de intensificar la supervisión de las empresas de yeso en la región debido los hornos se encuentran en condiciones precarias sin mantenimiento y mejora en el proceso de combustión donde las emisiones de monóxido de carbono y otros contaminantes que exceden en mucho el límite permitido por la legislación ambiental. Palabras-clave: Contaminación del aire, Residuos de yeso, Análisis isocinético. AbstractThis manuscript presents through a non-experimental type study, the characterization of air pollution by the calcination of plaster in the municipalities of Araripina and Trindade in the state of Pernambuco, in northeastern Brazil. These municipalities are important for shaping the Plaster Complex of Araripe, which represents the majority of the plaster production in Brazil, considered one of the largest in the world. The research was conducted using data from reports of atmospheric emissions characterization tests carried out in 20 companies, 9 from Trindade and 11 from Araripina, from 2015 to 2018. According to the results, there was no significant reduction in pollutant emissions between 2015 and 2016, which shows few investments in the maintenance and improvement of the processes. However, for the 2017-2018 period, the data shows a decrease in pollutant emissions, with a considerable number of companies that meet the limits established by law. Given the above, there is a need to intensify the supervision of gypsum companies in the region because the furnaces are in precarious conditions without maintenance and improvement in the combustion process where emissions of carbon monoxide and other pollutants that greatly exceed the limit allowed by environmental legislation.Keywords: Atmospheric pollution, Plaster waste, Isokinetic analysis.
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Евдокименко, Юрий Игоревич, Ирина Александровна Гусарова, Геннадий Александрович Фролов, Вячеслав Михайлович Кисель, and Сергей Васильевич Бучаков. "ТЕПЛОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ И ТЕРМОЭРОЗИОННАЯ СТОЙКОСТЬ КЕРАМИЧЕСКОГО МАТЕРИАЛА НА ОСНОВЕ КАРБИДА БОРА." Aerospace technic and technology, no. 8 (August 31, 2020): 136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2020.8.18.

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A study of the thermophysical characteristics, heat resistance, and thermal erosion resistance of high-temperature structural ceramics (SC), which was developed at NTUU "I. Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" under the supervision of Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Professor P. I. Loboda was made. This high-temperature structural ceramics is intended for use in aerospace engineering, in particular - for the manufacture of aerodynamic surfaces of reusable hypersonic aircraft and heat-stressed elements of the gas-dynamic paths of their engines. The samples of B4C-SiC-B6Si ceramics of two compositions (No. 1 and No. 2) were studied, which differ in the mass content of the initial components. Temperature dependences of the specific heat and thermal conductivity of the spacecraft, radiation coefficient, heat resistance in an oxidizing environment, and the thermal erosion resistance in supersonic flow of combustion products of an air-kerosene fuel mixture were determined. The temperature dependence of the specific heat was determined using an IT-c-400 instrument (in the range of 40 °C - 440 °C) and by the calculation of the temperature dependences of the specific heat capacity of the system components following the Reno rule (up to 2100 °C). The temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the SC of composition No. 1 was determined by solving the inverse heat conduction problem on a computer model based on experimental data. Temperature fields and heat fluxes were obtained under conditions of one-sided heat-ing with a reducing flame of a propane-oxygen welding burner. The thermal conductivity coefficient of SC composition No. 1 increases from 11 W/(m×K) at 20 °С to 25 W/(m×K) at 1400 °С. Its radiation coefficient in the temperature range 1000 °С - 1400 °С is ε = 0.96 ± 0.02. Heat resistance of SC of both compositions in the oxidizing flame of an oxygen welding burner at a surface temperature of 1400 °C has demonstrated that after two hours of heating, the average values of mass ablation for the two tested samples of compositions №1 and № 2 respectively 2.1% and 1.4% (a sample thickness of 4 mm). Tests in the supersonic flow of combustion products at the same surface temperature confirm the high resistance of the material to thermoerosion in the oxidizing medium. The change in the morphology of the heated surface of the sample after six five-minute heating cycles was manifested only by an increase in its roughness without visible oxidation. High thermal conductivity, heat and thermoerosion resistance, radiation coefficient of the studied SC at a temperature of 1400 °C in combination with low density (2.7 g / cm3) make this high-temperature structural material of aerospace technology promising for use.
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Wang, Peng Xiang, Cun Wei Zhang, Xiang Mei Li, and Rong Jie Yang. "Study on Fire Prevention of Wall Insulation Organic Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 608-609 (October 2014): 1006–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.608-609.1006.

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This article described the technical progress of the wall insulation organic materials and analyzed other relevant factors in recent years about the insulation materials policies changes and market changes. Through the above description and analysis, we presented new ideas of the future direction of development of organic insulation materials. Background In recent years, big fire moments remind the importance of fire safety all the time. The CCTV Building Fire in 2009, Shanghai Jiaozhou Road Fire in 2010 and Shijingshan Fire in 2013, let the public turn pale at the mention of a word about fire. These fires are all related to the wall insulation organic materials. In fact, it should be said that unqualified exterior wall thermal insulation materials and the lack of supervision measures led to a variety of fire accidents which can be avoided. Therefore, good flame retardant wall insulation organic materials and thermal insulation system are very important to reduce and prevent fire, and they are also fundamentally important ways to block and reduce the fire risk. At present, there are three kinds of wall insulation materials. The first type are the inorganic heat preservation materials, such as rock wool, glass wool, mineral slurry, etc., These materials belong to no combustible materials (class A fire), and there is no fire safety problems. The second type of wall insulation materials are composite materials, such as phenolic foam insulation materials, reaching flame retardant materials B1 level (fire). The third kind are the organic polymer insulation materials, such as molding benzene board (EPS), foaming benzene board (XPS), polyurethane (PU) . They belong to the combustible materials (B2 fire). This kind of material have the danger of fire. In our country the most widely used of wall insulation materials are the third class. Especially the EPS and XPS have good heat preservation performance, low price. And They are light and durable. But, this kind of materials have obvious disadvantages that they are so easy to burn, and release diffuse toxic or harmful gas in the combustion. Therefore, we should focus on hot spots about organic fire situation of wall insulation organic materials. Fire prevention progress of common wall insulation organic materials Polyurethane (PU) :
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Apaza, Ubaldo, Aldo Delgado, Iván Garcilazo, and Igor Obregón. "SISTEMA DE AUTOMATIZACIÓN DE UN CALDERO DE 30 BHP PARA EL MEJORAMIENTO DE LA EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA UTILIZANDO VARIABLES TERMODINÁMICAS." Revista Cientifica TECNIA 24, no. 1 (February 4, 2017): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21754/tecnia.v24i1.26.

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Se realizó la implementación de un sistema de control automático en el caldero pirotubular del Laboratorio de Operaciones Unitarias de la Facultad de Ingeniería Química y Textil para mejorar el aprovechamiento del vapor generado por este. Los puntos implementados fueron, un sistema de purga automático empleando un lenguaje de programación ladder establecido en un relé programable. Este sistema permite la purga automática, mediante una válvula neumática; el segundo punto fue la implementación de un sistema de monitoreo, supervisión y registro de datos de la temperatura de gases de combustión y como último punto, la implementación de una analizador portátil de gases de combustión y el aislamiento total de conductos de vapor para minimizar las pérdidas de energía. Los mejores resultados de esta investigación podrán ser aplicados, bajo el mismo procedimiento, a nivel industrial en industrias que usen las calderas como su corazón para sus diversos procesos con el fin de obtener mejoras en sus procesos y en sus costos de operación Palabras clave.- Ladder, Purga, Caldera, Relé programable, Sólidos disueltos. ABSTRACTThe implementation of an automatic control system in the fire-tube boiler of the Unit Operations Laboratory of the FIQT-UNI was performed to improve the utilization of the steam generated by it. The first point implemented had been an automatic purge using a ladder programming language established in a relay. This system allows the automatic purge by using a pneumatic valve; the second point was the implementation of a monitoring system, supervision and data logging of the temperature flue gas and as a last point, the implementation of a portable flue gas analyzer and the total steam duct insulation in order to minimize energy losses.The best results of this research could be applied ,through the same process, on an industrial level in industries which use boilers as their heart for their various processes in order to obtain improvements in their processes and in their operation costs. Keywords.- Ladder, Purge, Boiler, Programmable relay, Dissolved solids.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Combustion supervision"

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Nilsson, Magnus. "Modelingflywheel-Speed Variations Based on Cylinder Pressure." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2333.

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Combustion supervision by evaluating flywheel speed variations is a common approach in the automotive industry. This often involves preliminary measurements. An adequate model for simulating flywheel speed can assist to avoid some of these preliminary measurements.

A physical nonlinear model for simulating flywheel speed based on cylinder pressure information is investigated in this work. Measurements were conducted at Scania in a test bed and on a chassis dynamometer. The model was implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and simulations are compared to measured data. The first model can not explain all dynamics for the measurements in the test bed so extended models are examined. A model using a dynamically equivalent model of the crank-slider mechanism shows no difference from the simple model, whereas a model including a driveline can explain more from the test-bed measurements. When simulating the setups used at the chassis dynamometer, the simplest model works best. Yet, it is not very accurate and it is proposed that optimization of parameter values might improve the model further. A sensitivity analysis shows that the model is fairly robust to parameter changes.

A continuation of this work might include optimization to estimate parameter values in the model. Investigating methods for combustion supervision may also be a future issue.

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Hillerborg, Per. "Dynamic Model of a Diesel Engine for Diagnosis and Balancing." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-107535.

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To monitor and control the combustion in a diesel engine one can study the speed signal from the flywheel. The idea is that if individual cylinders give different amount of torque this will lead to variations in the flywheel speed. A model which describes the cylinder torque based on flywheel speed can be used to estimate the torque from individual cylinders. With this new knowledge of the individual performance of each cylinder the engine can be balanced. The balancing aim at making the speed of the flywheel more even but also required a model with estimated cylinder torque as input. This model may also be used for testing new control algorithms easily and gaining understanding of the dynamics. In this thesis a time dissolved model is constructed to describe the cylinder pressure-, crankshaft-, flywheel and damper dynamics. The model is based on a physical point of view by approximating the system into nodes containing mass, stiffness and friction. The inputs into the model are injection data from the engine management system (EMS) and a torque from a drive line. Ways to reduce the complexity of the model are investigated in order to invert the model to estimate the injection data based on flywheel speed measurements. Measurementsare done in a test bed to receive data required for model simulation and validation. The result is that the main behavior of the dynamics is caught. The self oscillation behaviors in some operating points are however not caught which indicates that the model can not explain all behaviors. A reduced model works almost as well but of course looses more of the non stiffness behavior. As expected, the model equations can not be solved in real time. The result of the inverted reduced model depends on the flywheel signal. When the signal contains little non stiffness behavior the result is good. An observer model based on the reduced model is suggested and tested in order to estimate the indicated torque from flywheel data. The observer manages to detect errors in the injection.
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Book chapters on the topic "Combustion supervision"

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Isermann, Rolf. "Supervision, fault-detection and fault-diagnosis methods – a short introduction." In Combustion Engine Diagnosis, 25–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49467-7_2.

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Sulc, Bohumil, and David Klimanek. "Evolutionary Algorithms in Supervision of Error-Free Control." In Soft Computing Applications for Database Technologies, 39–48. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-814-7.ch003.

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Evolutionary algorithms are well known as optimization techniques, suitable for solving various kinds of problems (Ruano, 2005). The new application of evolutionary algorithms represents their use in the detection of biased control loop functions caused by controlled variable sensor discredibility (Klimanek, Sulc, 2005). Sensor discredibility occurs when a sensor transmitting values of the controlled variable provides inexact information, however the information is not absolutely faulty yet. The use of discredible sensors in control circuits may cause the real values of controlled variables to exceed the range of tolerated differences, whereas zero control error is being displayed. However, this is not the only negative consequence. Sometimes, sensor discredibility is accompanied with undesirable and hardly recognizable side effects. Most typical is an increase of harmful emission production in the case of combustion control, (Sulc, Klimanek, 2005). We have found that evolutionary algorithms are useful tools for solving the particular problem of finding a software-based way (so called software redundancy) of sensor discredibility detection. Software redundancy is a more economical way than the usual hardware redundancy, which is otherwise necessary in control loop protection against this small, invisible control error occurrence. New results from a long-term tracking residuum trends show that credibility loss can be forecasted. Operators can be warned in advance that the sensor measuring the controlled variable needs to be exchanged. This need can be effectively reflected in maintenance plans. Namely, the standard genetic algorithm and the simulated annealing algorithm have been successfully applied and tested to minimize the given cost function. By means of these algorithms, a newly developed method is able to detect controlled variable sensor discredibility. When applied to combustion processes, production of harmful emissions can be kept within accepted limits. The application of the used evolutionary algorithms inclusive terminology transfer in this application area can serve as an explanatory case study to help readers gain a better understanding of the how the evolutionary algorithms operate.
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Lee, Young-Hak, Kyong-U. Yun, Minjin Kim, and Chonghun Han. "Application of multivariate statistical process control to supervising NOx emissions from large-scale combustion systems." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 256–61. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1570-7946(03)80553-9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Combustion supervision"

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Schmidt, Martin, Frank Kimmich, Harald Straky, and Rolf Isermann. "Combustion Supervision by Evaluating the Crankshaft Speed and Acceleration." In SAE 2000 World Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-0558.

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Wenglarz, Richard A., and Lawrence P. Golan. "Gas Turbine Research in the AGTSR Program." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30655.

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The South Carolina Institute for Energy Studies (SCIES), administratively housed at Clemson University, has participated in the advancement of combustion turbine technology for nearly a decade. The Advanced Gas Turbine Systems Research (AGTSR) program has been administered by SCIES for the U. S. DOE. Under the supervision of the DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), the AGTSR has brought together the engineering departments at the leading U.S. universities and U.S. combustion turbine developers to assist in providing a solid base of knowledge for the future generations of gas turbines. In the AGTSR program, an Industrial Review Board (IRB) of gas turbine companies and related organizations defines needed gas turbine research. SCIES prepares yearly requests for university proposals that address the research needs identified by the IRB organizations. IRB technical representatives evaluate the university proposals and review progress reports from the awarded university projects. Seventy-five (75) AGTSR university projects have been awarded in the areas of gas turbine combustion, aerodynamics/heat transfer, and materials. An overview of recent AGTSR university projects is given in this paper and research results from several of the projects are described in greater detail.
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Chudnovsky, B., A. Talanker, B. Kogan, M. Daniliuc, S. Lev, and L. Frega. "Combination of Advanced Supervision System FURNACE With Continues Visual Monitoring ORFEUS for Proper On-Line Performance Analysis of the Furnace Firing Coal in Large Utility Boilers." In ASME 2009 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2009-81017.

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The high restrictions in environmental requirements have led to modifications of the both coal type and firing mode. In order to prevent a different faults in boiler operation and as a result a reliability reduction, special monitoring and diagnostic techniques is required for engineering analysis and utility production management. In this sense an on-line supervision system FURNACE have developed and implemented for 575, 550, 360 Mw coal fired units. The developed system provides on-line information regards furnace performance, including fireball location, furnace exit temperature increase that indicates the necessity of activate furnace sootblowers to control steam temperatures and prevent excessive accumulations of slag and heat surfaces tube overheating. However, the FURNACE system can not provide flue gas temperature distribution near the burner zone and it leads to limitation of the possibility of furnace fine tuning for the aim of NOx reduction. Due to this reason new diagnostic system ORFEUS was installed in power plant. The ORFEUS is a system for continuous visual monitoring of high temperature processes with a sensor lance. A high quality picture with wide angle of view and a small sensor diameter is achieved using a boroskope as lens. With this technology the CCD camera can be mounted in the cold part of the lance. This way sensitive equipment is mounted outside the combustion chamber, allowing continuous use with high process temperatures. The pictures coming from the sensor can be viewed and analyzed directly in the control room. In order to evaluate capability of both system combined application series of tests with different operation were conducted on the boiler. The testing was primarily focused on quantifying the impact of overfire air (OFA), excess air, primary air flow and unit loads on boiler, furnace, pulverizers performance, NOx and unburned carbon loss etc. The evaluation was performed for 575 MW units equipped with tangentially fired boilers designed by Combustion Engineering. The on-line information obtained from both FURNACE and ORFEUS systems is allowed us to perform fine tuning of the firing system in order to optimize combustion process. Based on performed work may be concluded that combination of both system is able us to receive detail information of furnace performance in real time including flame position in the initial burner zone. As result it was achieved additional NOx reduction by 10–15% at unit full load and by 20–35% at partial load without any impact on boiler performance, efficiency and reliability.
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Tiribuzi, Stefano. "Very Rough Grid Approach for CFD Modelling of Thermoacoustic Oscillations Inside an Annular Premixed Combustor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90055.

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Large pressure oscillations due to thermoacoustic instabilities may occur in the modern gas turbine equipped with lean premixed burners. The Research Department of ENEL is studying this phenomenon using research methods that include plant supervision, laboratory experiments and modelling. This paper presents a new CFD modelling approach capable of simulating the time evolution of thermofluiddynamic fields during thermoacoustic instabilities in a whole annular combustor. Its peculiarity consists in the adoption of a very rough computational mesh. The use of the Very Rough Grid (VRG) approach allows all the resonant cavities involved in the acoustic oscillations to be considered, as well as to prolonging the computed transient until spontaneous thermoacoustic oscillations onset, with affordable computation time. The rationale of this approach is that thermoacoustic instabilities are more affected by acoustics than by fluiddynamics. KIEN, an in-house low diffusive URANS code capable of simulating 3D reactive flows, has been used. A 3D structured monoblock computational grid of an industrial annular combustor has been set up. It goes from the compressor outlet to the turbine inlet, including both the annular plenum and the annular combustion chamber, and extends over the entire circumferential angle. The results obtained by an exemplifying computed case are illustrated. They appear to be congruent with the real behaviour of thermoacoustic oscillation reported in literature. The type of information that can be extracted directly or by suitable post-processing from these results is shown and their usefulness in interpreting the real data obtained from functioning plants or experimental facilities is demonstrated.
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Cristea, Eugen-Dan, Luca Sarandrea, and Massimo Galbiati. "CFD Modeling for Optimizing the Fluid Dynamics Patterns of Refractory Lining Drying Process in a Vertical Lime Kiln." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-21125.

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This paper presents a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling of flow, combustion and heat transfer processes into an internal enclosure acting as a combustion chamber, confined by the newly patented air cooled “corner ring”, the lower shaft vertical side walls, the vault and the limestone packed bed, located in a vertical twin-shaft regenerative lime kiln. The numerical simulation is restricted only to the kiln first start-up preliminary phase, with the goal to optimize the thermo-fluid dynamics patterns established during the first heat-up of wet gunning refractory concrete lining of the air cooled “corner ring”, to avoid refractory damages. The present work is performed in the frame of the commercial general-purpose code ANSYS-CFX R14.5. The CFD model is run under transient flow conditions accomplished by the drying burners operated in single-stage “on-off” control mode, to fit at the best the heat-up curve by optimization of the fluid dynamics patterns, with the goal to prevent local hot spots on the refractory lining. The industrial data collected through the supervision system and the local provisional instrumentation on the vertical twin-shaft regenerative lime kiln, model RD15, commissioned in India on September last year, are used to set the test-case and to partially validate the numerical simulation results. This CFD numerical simulation represents an useful engineering tool, on behalf of refractory designer and commissioning engineer, for the prediction of the refractory lining behavior during the kiln first start-up.
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Zhou, Shoujun, Youen Zhao, Min Guo, and Maocheng Tian. "On-Line Supervising System for Boiler Combustion of Power Station." In 2009 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/appeec.2009.4918562.

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Rendon, Manuel A., Konstantinos Kyprianidis, Yipsy Roque Benito, Daniel de A. Fernandes, Ariele T. Ferraz, and Luan R. C. Vieira. "Energy Management of a Hybrid-Electric Aeronautical Propulsion System to Be Used in a Stationary Test Bench." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-16133.

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Abstract Environmental requirements have led the air transportation industry to work towards reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mechanical noise levels. Nowadays, this sector contributes with 2% of the total greenhouse gas emissions, and there is a demand from global aviation regulators for further reducing this percentage. In the last years, the development of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Systems (HEPSs) has grown. The HEPS combines an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE), for example, Gas Turbine (GT) or reciprocating engine, with an Electric Motor (EM), combining the inherent advantages of both. HEPSs present increased efficiency and operating safety in comparison with conventional ICE-powered systems. Furthermore, they can supply the electrical devices with power. This area of study is multidisciplinary in nature and, therefore, poses research challenges on ICEs, EMs, electronic converters, propeller design, monitoring and control systems, management and supervision systems, energy efficiency and optimization, aerodynamics and aircraft mechanical design. A research project aimed at the characterisation of hybrid-electric aircraft propulsion systems, and the construction of a HEPS prototype, is underway in Brazil. The system is essentially composed of a GT, an EM, three electronic converters, a battery bank and a propeller. It can operate with three different topologies: series, full-electric and turbo-electric. A test bench with all the necessary peripheral and analysis infrastructure is under construction. Present work aims to: (i) develop simplified models for all the test bench components, (ii) given a mission profile, show the results of an initial energy management computing code that determines the optimal hybridization strategy, and (iii) simulate various operating alternatives for the chosen mission profile. The results (i) highlight the impact of critical characteristics of the batteries on the HEPS performance, and (ii) demonstrate the application of the management code on optimizing the aircraft energy consumption for a given mission profile.
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