Relevant bibliographies by topics / Comedy. eng

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Comedy. eng'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Comedy. eng"

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Albanese, Nicholas. "From the Poet to the Pedant: Models and Counter- Models of Classical Learning in the Renaissance (eng)." Futhark. Revista de Investigación y Cultura, no. 11 (2016): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/futhark.2016.i11.01.

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The figure of the pedante and its presence in Renaissance culture has been observed and analyzed principally by scholars and historians of 16th century theatrical production, who have delineated the contours of the largely unified character in terms of its physical and performative characteristics on the stage. After Arturo Graf’s discussion of the pedant in Renaissance comedy over 130 years ago, it is only in more recent times that theater scholars have turned their interest towards the character even though the wider cultural context and relevance of its appearance outside of the theater has not been adequately addressed. Nevertheless, the figure of the pedant can be seen as a site in which oppositional trends emerge for the development of the educational and cultural project of the age. In this paper I will discuss the figure of the pedant in relation to the fundamental idea of the humanist and its social role as had been developed by authors in the 14th and 15th centuries, beginning with the exemplar established by the recognized padre dell’ Umanesimo, Francesco Petrarca. The appearance and development of this character not only underscore a change in cultural and literary models, but they also become keys for understanding crucial socio-economic shifts of the Cinquecento
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Isić, Đurđina. "The female characters in Branislav Nušić's and Stefan Kostov's selected comedies." Bastina, no. 51 (2020): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/bastina30-28602.

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The paper presents the results of research that included comparative study of the place and role of female characters in selected and representative comedies by Serbian comedigrapher Branislav Nušić (eng. MP, Suspicious person, Mrs Minister, Bereaved family, Dr, Deceased; srb. Narodni poslanik, Sumnjivo lice, Ožalošćena porodica, Dr, Pokojnik, Vlast) and Bulgarian comedigrapher Stefan Kostov (eng. Gold mine, Golemanov, Grasshoppers, Nameless comedy; blg. Zlamnama mina, Golemanov, Skakalci, Komediâ bez ime) in order to find similarities and differences in the process of comedigraphic shaping of female characters in the work of these two authors. The subject of the research was viewed primarily from a literary-theoretical point of view, and the dominant methods of study were comparative and analytical-synthetic. During the research, there was a differentiation of female characters in accordance with their motivational structures, psychological assemblies and the nature of the place and the role they play in the social environment in which they are located. Therefore, we can distinguish female characters who live in the province and who are fully representative of the small-town spirit, female characters who live in the capital and are a symbol of the modern age and female characters who dwell in the capital, but in fact, deeply down still carry a small-town view of the world. The structure of this paper is in line with this distinction. Conclusions made at the end of the study show that the representation of female characters in analyzed comedies of both comedigaphers is highly similar in its nature.
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Edwards, Robert R. "Carol Falvo Heffernan, Comedy in Chaucer and Boccaccio. (Chaucer Studies, 40.) Woodbridge, Eng., and Rochester, N.Y.: Boydell and Brewer, 2009. Pp. xi, 151. $90." Speculum 85, no. 4 (October 2010): 970–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0038713410003350.

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Youngblood, Denise J. "The Musical Comedy Films of Grigorii Aleksandrov: Laughing Matters. By Rimgaila Salys. Bristol, Eng.: Intellect Books, 2009. 352 pp. Appendix. Notes. Index. Illustrations. $35.00, paper." Slavic Review 69, no. 4 (2010): 1035–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0037677900010421.

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Donelan, Jasper F. "EVIDENCE FOR AND AGAINST AUDIENCE-ACTOR CONTACT IN ARISTOPHANES (PAX 877–906, ACH. 257–83, THESM. 659–87 AND NUB. 275–355)." Classical Quarterly 65, no. 2 (September 15, 2015): 518–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838815000324.

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Unlike tragedy, Old Comedy openly acknowledges its own festival context and the existence of a world beyond the one created for and occupied by its masked characters. Admission of the theatrical setting is a standard well-documented feature and was an effective way of drawing spectators into the drama's fiction. To the same end, speaking directly to the audience formed an integral part of Aristophanes' plays and very probably of the comic genre as a whole. We can therefore think of comedy as an ‘inclusive’ art form, one that (self-)consciously attempted to involve and engage its consumers, in particular via explicit verbal address. On the other hand, the evidence is much slimmer for actors moving outside of the performance area or otherwise physically bringing the audience members and the fictional cast into contact and, regardless of how attractive it might seem, this type of spatial negotiation is far from established. It may well be the case that in spite of comedy's relative liberty, certain barriers continued to exist, including the invisible barrier that divided the acting area from the auditorium.
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Carroll, Noël. "Timings: Notes on Stand-up Comedy." Philosophy of Humor Yearbook 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phhumyb-2020-0004.

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Abstract This article attempts to provide a basic characterization of stand-up comedy-that is, a minimal portrait of what comes to mind when one learns that one is about to see a stand-up comic. To that end, the focus will be primarily on the relation of stand-up comedy in terms of themes of temporality, including the structure of stand-up comedy, its rhythm, its delivery, and its contemporaneity.
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Djordjevic, Bojan. "Comedy writer Antun Ferdinand Putica and his comedy 'Pir od djece'." Prilozi za knjizevnost, jezik, istoriju i folklor 73, no. 1-4 (2007): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pkjif0704021d.

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Although, not ranked among the best writers of Dubrovnik's traditional literature, Antun Ferdinand Putica remains never the less in the history of this literature for its comedies: 4 are brought to our knowledge and 2 of them are preserved up to date. Up till now, more famous comedy Ciarlatano in moto is also published, but the subject in this study is the other up till now not published comedy Pir od djece (Children's wedding), created at the end of 18th century, most presumably in 1796.
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Novianti, Nalti. "Penggunaan Metafora sebagai Frame Pencetus Unsur Humor dalam Kamigata Rakugo “Tachigire Senkoo” dan “Sutokuin”." Humaniora 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2010): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v1i1.2159.

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The use of metaphor in a comedy story is a tool to create the funny effect. In many comedy stories of kamigata rakugo, a metaphor can be used as one way to bring the contradict frame that will cause the unbalance in the story (incongruity). It means that the comedy story cannot stand alone without any contradiction of situation. This contradiction of situation is brought up by the story teller to get one phrase that is able to attract the listeners’ attention, and in the end will bring a big laughs.
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Jansen, Steen. "Avec Goldoni à travers l’Europe." Revue Romane / Langue et littérature. International Journal of Romance Languages and Literatures 49, no. 1 (May 27, 2014): 88–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rro.49.1.05jan.

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This paper looks at how a given text, Carlo Goldoni’s comedy Un curioso accidente, has been translated, received and used in different adaptations in France, Germany and Denmark. In France and Germany the comedy is met with great interest already in the 18th century, mostly through very different adaptations (in France by François Roger and in Germany by Johann Christian Bock) used with considerable success on stage, less for the actual translations. Later the comedy was forgotten in those two countries. In the rest of Europe, the comedy is not translated till the 19th century ; in Denmark it is discovered about 1850, not least because Johanne Louise Heiberg, leading actress at the Royal Theatre, is enchanted by the female lead character Giannina. At the end of the century the play is restaged, but now — in agreement with the general spirit of the time — in much more realistic productions by William Bloch.
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Styhre, Alexander. "What’s so funny about sleazy greed and managerial malfeasance?" International Journal of Organizational Analysis 27, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 206–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-12-2017-1292.

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Purpose Organization theory and management studies rely on a representational idiom to account faithfully for empirical data, but such research ideals do not always apprehend what is essential in the case at hand. Comedy and the comical remain an underutilized resource within, e.g. the critique of power imbalances and imprudent or illicit behavior in corporations, providing an entirely different set of mechanisms that do not sketch the “broad picture” but target elementary and constitutive empirical data. The purpose of this paper is to explore the possibilities for using such resources in management studies writing. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses the literature addressing the Enron bankruptcy as an exemplary case wherein an analytical framework recognizing a comic outlook of life can be fruitfully applied. Additional cases are presented to substantiate the proposed model. Findings The paper advocates a broader repertoire of analytical practices in organization studies, including techniques and modes of representation used in comedy. Originality/value The paper proposes a minor literature within management studies, drawing on a performative idiom and the use of comedy techniques, including the debasing of social situations, to extend the repertoire of styles. In the end, such a minor literature may be able to grapple with the current situation, characterized by organizational absurdities that preclude the use of a representational idiom.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Comedy. eng"

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Rocha, Denise. "Arte sem fronteiras. Londres, Berlim, São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro : olhares estéticos e capitalistas sobre as células do poder lícito e ilícito (séculos XVIII e XX) /." Assis : [s.n.], 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103675.

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Orientador: Sílvia Maria Azevedo
Banca: Maria Adélia Menegazo
Banca: Karin Volubuef
Banca: Tania Regina de Luca
Banca: Suely Fadul Villibor Flory
Resumo: O objetivo desse estudo é fazer um rastreio da história do gosto do leitor-comum, do leitor-autor e do leitor-adaptador através dos séculos, e apresentar a possibilidade de diálogo estético e histórico internacional por meio da análise da natureza da dramaturgia e suas relações com as outras artes -ópera, música e dança-, e com aspectos da encenação e da carpintaria teatral, reflexões baseadas na teoria da "estética da recepção", conforme Thomas Bleicher, Hannelore Link, Alois Wierlacher, Dietrich Krusche e Reinold Werner. Para isso, será feito uma análise e pesquisa da viagem internacional através dos continentes de The Beggar's Opera, de John Gay (1728), uma moderna saga de anti-heróis, que ultrapassou a barreira da temporalidade e dos idiomas, e que reflete um processo de odisséia satírica, iniciado na Londres georgiana do início do século XVIII, com chegada triunfal até o século XX, com "recepções produtivas": Die Dreigroschenoper [A Ópera de Três Vinténs], de Bertolt Brecht (1928), na Berlim weimariana da década de 20; A Ronda dos Malandros, de Carla Civelli e Maurício Barroso, na São Paulo e seu mecenato industrial na passagem dos anos 40 aos 50; e Ópera do Malandro, de Chico Buarque (1978), no Rio de Janeiro militar dos anos 70, obras com nuances de nacionalismo, cosmopolitismo e universalismo, apoiadas nas idéias da incompreensível exploração humana do ciclo predatório (homo homini lupus) e da desumanizada exploração capitalista.
Abstract: This dissertation was carried out to investigate the history of bookishness of the common reader, the author-reader, and the adapter-reader troughtout centuries, and to present a possibility of international esthetic and historical dialog by analyzing the nature of dramaturgy and its relationship to other arts - opera, music and dance - and to aspects of stanging and to aspects to stanging and theater carpentry, reflections based on the theory of "esthetic reception" according to Thomas Bleicher, Hannelore Link, Alois Wierlacher, Dietrich Krusche e Reinold Werner. With that purpose in mind, one will carry out an analysis and research of the international travel around the continents of The Beggar's Opera, by John Gay (1728) a modren saga of antagonists, which outreached the limits of temporality and foreign languages, and which reflects a process of satiric odyssey, started in Georgian London at the beginning of the 18 th century, triumphally reaching the 20 th century, with "productive receptions": Die Dreigroschenoper [A Ópera de Três Vinténs], by Bertold Brecht (1928), in Weimar Berlin in the 1920 s, A Ronda dos Malandros, by Carla Civelli and Maurício Barroso, in São Paulo and its industrial patronage along the 1940s and 1950s, and Ópera do Malandro, by Chico Buarque (1978), in Rio de Janeiro military uproar along the 1970s, works with hues of nationalism, cosmopolitanism and universalism, supported by ideas of the incomprehensible human exploitation of the predatory cycle (homo homini lupus) and the ruthless capitalistic exploitation.
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Oliveira, Jane Kelly de. "As funções do coro na comédia de Aristófanes /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102382.

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Orientador: Maria Celeste Consolin Dezotti
Banca: Adriane da Silva Duarte
Banca: Marisa Giannecchini Gonçalves de Souza
Banca: Edvanda Bonavina da Rosa
Banca: Fernando Brandão dos Santos
Resumo: As funções do coro na comédia de Aristófanes é o título e o tema desta tese que investiga o coro no gênero que foi praticado na Grécia antiga. Nossa investigação pautou-se no princípio de que os textos da Comédia Antiga que chegaram à nossa época foram compostos para serem postos em cena e, por isso mesmo, têm peculiaridades que devem ser levadas em consideração no momento da análise. Os textos das onze comédias de Aristófanes preservadas registram um roteiro ficcional que pode ser recuperado apenas pela leitura, como é comum em todo texto teatral, mas, além disso, os enredos das peças deixam gravadas as estratégias cênicas de realização concreta da obra em um espaço teatral específico. Assim, a partir do texto, é possível depreender tanto o enredo quando elementos da performance. Quando observamos o coro neste gênero, notamos que, nestes dois aspectos da comédia, ele desempenha importantes funções: na narrativa, ele assume diferentes papéis actanciais de acordo com as exigências do roteiro ficcional da peça; e, na performance, assume funções técnicas que viabilizam a apresentação da peça em um espaço concreto. A estrutura narrativa das obras foi estudada pelo viés teórico da semiologia do teatro. Para o estudo das funções do coro na performance das comédias, foram levadas em consideração as condições materiais dos festivais teatrais do século V a.C. - espaço amplo da orquestra, aglomeração no theatron, restrição a, no máximo, cinco atores para desempenhar todas as personagens da peça - e, a partir dessas exigências concretas, observou-se que o coro é um elemento estrutural do gênero frequentemente usado pelo poeta para solucionar os problemas ligados às dificuldades espaciais próprias da realização teatral da Atenas do século V a.C.
Abstract: The functions of the chorus in the Aristophanes comedy is the title and the main subject of this thesis which study the chorus in the genre practiced in the Ancient Greece. Our investigation grounded in the principle the texts of the Ancient Comedy that survived until our time were made to be put in scene and for that reason they have some singular characteristics that needed to be considered in the analysis. The texts of the eleven preserved comedies of Aristophanes show a fictional script that can be recovered only by reading, as usual in every theatric text, but, more than that, the plot of the plays keep record the scenic strategies applied in its concrete realization. So, from the text it is possible to comprehend the plot and elements of the performance. When we focus the chorus in this genre we can notice that - in theses two aspects of comedy - it has important functions: in the narrative it took different actantial roles according to the demands of the script of the play; and in the performance it took some technical roles that make possible the presentation of the play in a concrete space. The narrative structure of the plays was studied using as theoretical support the theater semiology. To study the functions of the chorus in the performance of the comedies the material resources in the theater festivals during the 5th century B.C. were considered - and from theses concrete demands, we could see that the chorus is a structural element of the genre frequently used by the poet to solve some problems caused by space difficulties characteristic of the theatral realization in the 5th century B.C. Athens.
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Pirolla, Patricia Rocha. "Humor em poemas : um estudo do cômico em Carlos Drummond de Andrade /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102369.

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Orientador: Guacira Marcondes Machado Leite
Banca: Maria Adelia Menegazzo
Banca: Adalberto Luis Vicente
Banca: Fabiane Renata Borsato
Banca: Fani Miranda Tabak
Resumo: O objetivo desta tese de doutorado é a análise das categorias do cômico na obra do poeta mineiro Carlos Drummond de Andrade. Como sua produção é acima de tudo cerebral e não busca sentimentalismos ou provocar a emoção através das palavras, o poeta trata do cômico de uma maneira muito particular. Usando um trabalho minucioso com as palavras que se deixa transparecer nos versos cuidadosamente escritos, Drummond consegue criar um tipo específico de cômico, seja através da linguagem coloquial, prosaica, seja através de termos e construções rebuscadas. A primeira está presente na maioria de seus poemas, e só deixa espaço para o rebuscamento em algumas obras pontuais, consideradas, por alguns críticos, como um retrocesso neoclássico. Embora o estudo da teoria do cômico em Drummond tenha recebido a atenção da maioria dos críticos, sua análise, muitas vezes, não vai além de alguns parágrafos, capítulos ou estudos pontuais de alguns poemas, ou seja, partes que integram um estudo maior, voltado a outra temática. Este estudo, ao debruçar-se, especificamente sobre a análise do cômico em suas origens, seus efeitos e suas construções na obra poética do autor, viu a necessidade de definir suas categorias, como a ironia e o humor, bem como suas formas de expressão, como a sátira, o chiste e a paródia a fim de que, não tendo a pretensão de trazer-lhes uma conceituação definitiva, a análise dos poemas seja realizada de modo satisfatório, à luz delas, ampliando os estudos acerca da lírica reflexiva do poeta e das formas de comicidade por ele empregadas
Abstract: The objective of this thesis is the analysis of the categories of comedy in the work of the poet Carlos Drummond de Andrade. As his production is above all brain and do not look for sentimentality or search emotion through words, the poet comes to the comic in a very particular way. Using a detailed work with words that make it clear in verses carefully written, Drummond manages to create a specific type of comic, whether through colloquial language, prose, either through the terms and ornate buildings. That is present in most of his poems, and only leaves room for the occasional pretensions in some works, considered by some critics as a throwback neoclassical. Although the study of the theory of comedy in Drummond has received the attention of most critics, their analysis often does not go beyond a few paragraphs, chapters or specific studies of some poems, or parts of a larger study, focused the other subject. This study, as look into, specifically, on the analysis of the comic in its origins, its effects and its buildings in the poetic works of the author, saw the need to define their categories, as irony and humor, and its forms of expression, as satire, the wit and parody in order that, having no claim to bring a definitive conceptualization, the analysis of the poems be performed satisfactorily in the light of them, extending the studies of the poet's reflective lyric and about the ways of humor employed by him
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Giorgi, Antonio James. "Laughing at the End of the World: A Memoir." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1619109129081548.

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Bown, Alfie. "Eventual laughter : Dickens and comedy." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/eventual-laughter-dickens-and-comedy(b53f285d-bac9-43c8-827f-e63609226ea6).html.

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This thesis attempts to redress the drought of work on Dickens on comedy, which is surprising considering how often Dickens is thought of as a comic writer. The thesis uses Dickens to demonstrate problems with and resistance to existing theorizations of laughter, and attempts to develop a new way of thinking about laughter through Dickens. The thesis begins with a theoretical section, which is a discussion of existing discussions of laughter followed by an attempt to develop a new way of thinking about laughter by making use Alain Badiou’s concept of the ‘event.’ The thesis then moves to Section Two, in which these ideas are discussed alongside Dickens’s novels. Chapter Four attempts to show in a general way how Dickens and these discussions of laughter belong together, and how a certain moment in the nineteenth century that Dickens was a unique part of shows that new ways of discussing laughter are needed. Chapter Five argues that laughter in Dickens is not natural or spontaneous but part of constructing an idea of natural spontaneity. Pickwick Papers, it is argued, is the novel of retroactive causes, showing how laughter can create ideas of ‘nature’ which then appear to explain social behaviour such as laughter itself. Chapter Six tackles the relationship between laughter and anxiety. It argues that laughter creates order by ‘dealing’ with anxiety, but that this order it produces is profoundly unstable and has new anxieties. Barnaby Rudge is the novel which shows this in its particular historical context. The final chapter argues that Dickens’s writing can be called ‘comic’ in the terms that have been established throughout the thesis. Discussing Great Expectations, it argues that laughter is a plotting force that creates narratives and structures. Finally, the conclusion discusses changes that may have happened to laughter in the nineteenth century and what it means to find ourselves laughing at Dickens’s texts today.
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Almeida, Lucilene Ferreira de. "Ponta do Abunã : no fim de Rondônia e no começo do Acre /." Presidente Prudente : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89813.

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A Amazônia, durante toda a sua história, teve como principal via de transporte a rede fluvial. A construção da rodovia BR-364 representou um marco para a região, visto que propiciou, a partir de então, o acesso às demais regiões brasileiras via terrestre. Propiciou a vinda de muitos migrantes de diversas partes do Brasil em direção à Amazônia. A Ponta do Abunã é uma das áreas que tem sua construção desde os períodos áureos da borracha amazônica, ainda no século XIX, mas que tem a chegada de um fluxo maior de migrantes principalmente a partir no final da década de 1970, acompanhando a construção da BR-364. A área até então é tida como pertencente ao Estado do Acre, pelo menos por parte deste Estado e da população que passa a residir naquela localidade. A indefinição quanto a que unidade federativa pertencia e tinha que se submeter, criou alguns problemas de ordem prática, como a questão de horários, já que o Estado acreano encontra-se uma hora a menos de diferença com o Estado de Rondônia. Na década de 1980 começam as discussões sobre a possessão da área, de um lado o Acre, do outro Rondônia. Passados cerca de dez anos, após algumas averiguações, foi decidido judicialmente que aquele território sempre pertenceu a Rondônia e que o Acre deveria retirar todos os órgãos instalados na localidade. Mesmo com a decisão, a relação com o Acre continuou, principalmente devido à maior proximidade geográfica, já que a Ponta do Abunã encontra-se mais distante da cidade de Porto Velho, além da existência de uma barreira geográfica - o Rio Madeira. Daí, analisar o território e as identidades que se produzem e se forjam nele são importantes para compreendermos como na Ponta do Abunã, ao longo de sua história, têm sido produzidas identidades territoriais.
The Amazon, throughout its history, has had the fluvial system as the main means of transportation. The opening of BR-364 Road represented a mark to the region as it provided access to the rest of Brazilian areas and it also made migration possible to several places towards the Amazon region. Ponta do Abunã village is one of the areas that has been developed since the rubber aural times, in the XIX century, and the settlement of a high flux of migrants from different areas around Brazil, mainly by the end of 1970, following the construction of BR-364 Road. The area, since then, has been considered as belonging to the State of Acre, by villagers and dwellers live there. Uncertainty regarding what State, Acre or Rondônia, that region would belong to has raised some geographical matters related to the time zone, as the State of Acre is one hour behind the State of Rondônia. In the 1980s, a discussion about the possession of the area between Acre and Rondônia came out and ten years later, it was legally decided that the State of Acre should all the public services installed in Ponta do Abunã Village. Despite that decision, commercial trades continued mainly because Ponta do Village is farther from the capital city, Porto Velho, than from Rio Branco, the capital city of Acre, and besides, because of the geographical barrier: the Madeira river. Indeed, analyzing the territory and its features that have been set is relevant to understand how, throughout its own history, that region has acquired territorial identities, as it was settled by migrants who initially founded an Acreanian territory, and later lived in a Rondonian territory - Ponta do Abunã Village. In doing so, it is noticeable the great role that the National State and the boundaries play on the construction of the territory.
Orientador: Eliseu Savério Sposito
Coorientador: Sílvio Simione da Silva
Banca: Eda Maria Góes
Banca: Jones Dari Goettert
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Brianezi, Gabrielli. "Desenvolvimento de um método de análise digital para o teste do cometa corado pela prata /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95843.

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Orientador: Hélio Amante Miot
Banca: Paula Helena Ortiz Lima
Banca: Marco Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes
Resumo: O teste do cometa é utilizado para estimativa de dano ao DNA nos protocolos de avaliação do risco toxicológico. É rápido, de baixo custo, de fácil realização, seguro e pode ser aplicado em diversos tecidos. Corantes fluorescentes são os mais empregados para o ensaio. É também descrita a utilização de sais de prata com vantagens operacionais, carecendo de sistemas automatizados validados para esta análise. Neste trabalho, desenvolveram-se dois algoritmos automatizados para a análise do cometa corado pela prata. Foram realizados ensaios do cometa para sete grupos com dois camundongos Balb/c machos cada, submetidos ao tratamento intraperitoneal com soro fisiológico (G1), e três doses crescentes de genotóxicos conhecidos: MNU (N-nitroso-N-metilurea) (G2 - 5 μg/g, G3 - 25 μg/g, G4 - 50 μg/g) e DEN (N-nitrosodietilamina) (G5 - 20 μg/g, G6 - 80 μg/g, G7 - 180 μg/g). As lâminas dos testes do cometa foram confeccionadas a partir do sangue total e coradas pela prata e SYBR Gold. As coradas pela prata foram analisados por três avaliadores e pelos algoritmos automatizados. Aqueles corados pela fluorescência foram analisados pelo software Comet IV®. Os avaliadores apresentaram alta correlação de suas estimativas. Os algoritmos se correlacionaram fortemente com a análise dos avaliadores, principalmente com os escores obtidos pela classificação visual. Houve alta concordância na avaliação da sua repetitividade. Os algoritmos apresentaram resultados semelhantes, não indicando superioridade entre si para a análise do teste. Todos os métodos avaliados se mostraram capazes de diferenciar as concentrações dos genotóxicos utilizados. Porém, os algoritmos desenvolvidos não apresentaram correlação com os resultados obtidos pelo sistema do teste do cometa corado pela fluorescência, sugerindo que os métodos de coloração discriminem diferentes estruturas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The comet assay is used to estimate DNA damage in the protocols for toxicological risk assessment. It's fast, inexpensive, easily performed, safe and can be applied in most tissues. Fluorescent dyes are frequently used for testing. Silver salts have been reported with some operational advantages; however automated systems for its analysis were not sufficiently validated for this staining. In this study, we have developed two algorithms for automated analysis of the comet assay silver stained. The assay was performed for seven groups of two (Balb/c) mice each, treated with intraperitoneal saline (G1) and three different genotoxic doses: MNU (N-nitroso-N-methylurea) (G2 - 5 μg/g, G3 - 25 μg/g, G4 - 50 μg/g) and DEN (N-nitrosodiethylamina) (G5 - 20 μg/g, G6 - 80 μg/g, G7 - 180 μg/g). The slides of the comet assay were made with total blood and were stained with silver and SYBR Gold. The silver stained slides were analyzed by three evaluators and the automated algorithms. Those stained by fluorescence were analyzed through software Comet IV®. Evaluators showed high correlation of their estimates. Both algorithms were correlated strongly with the evaluators' analysis mainly on the scores obtained by visual classification. Moreover, their agreement was high when assessed by repetitivity. The algorithms showed similar results, demonstrating no superiority to each other for the analysis of the test. All methods evaluated proved able of differentiating genotoxic concentrations used. However, the algorithms were not correlated with the results obtained by the automated system of comet assay fluorescence stained, suggesting that the staining methods linkage different genomic structures or with different affinities. The automated algorithms developed proved valid for the direct analysis of comet assay silver stained, allowing their use in genotoxicity research
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Camargo, Daisy de. "Alegrias engarrafadas : os alcoóis e a embriaguez na cidade de São Paulo no final do século XIX e começo do XX /." Assis : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103133.

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Orientador: Carlos Eduardo Jordão Machado
Banca: Célia Reis Camargo
Banca: Eduardo Romero de Oliveira
Banca: Luis Soares de Camargo
Banca: Jaime Rodrigues
Resumo: Esse trabalho trata das relações sociais que permeiam o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas na cidade de São Paulo, no final do século XIX e começo do XX, desvelando gestos e sensibilidades do cotidiano da cidade, captando costumes, modos de vida e sujeitos extintos. O objetivo é explorar uma cultura gestual, material e sensível, historicamente construída, ligada aos alcoóis, seus objetos, suas maneiras de saborear e lugares de consumo
Abstract: This work deals with the social relations that permeate the consumption of alcoholic beverages in the city of São Paulo in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, unfolding daily gestures and sensitivities of the city, capturing customs, lifestyles and extinct subjects. The aim is to explore a gestural, material and sensitive culture, historically constructed, linked to alcohols, their objects, ways of enjoying, and places of consumption
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Polianovskaia, Jana. "The English Operetta and the Musical Comedy as a Reflection of the Russian Anglomania at the End of the 19th Century." Bärenreiter Verlag, 2012. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71972.

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Caritá, Renata. "Avaliação do potencial genotóxico e mutagênico de amostras de águas de recursos hídricos que recebem efluentes urbanos e industriais do pólo ceramista da cidade de Santa Gertrudes - SP /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87723.

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Orientador: Maria Aparecida Marin-Morales
Banca: Silvia Tamie Matsumoto
Banca: Edson Guilherme Vieira
Resumo: A mutagenicidade é um efeito tóxico que danifica o material genético da célula, causando alterações no DNA ou no cromossomo. Existem inúmeras substâncias presentes em complexos de efluentes domésticos e industriais que podem causar sérios prejuízos no material genético. Testes biológicos de toxicidade e genotoxicidade são indispensáveis para estudos de monitoramento, que tem por finalidade avaliar a extensão da poluição ambiental e as reações dos organismos vivos frente a esta poluição. Águas que recebem descargas de diferentes fontes poluidoras, como efluentes industriais e urbanos, na sua maioria, são impactadas por misturas complexas compostas de químicos diversos. O córrego Santa Gertrudes e rios associados recebem efluentes industriais, de uma série de indústrias cerâmicas, e domésticos do município de Santa Gertrudes, SP. Os efluentes cerâmicos possuem efeito tóxico, sobretudo devido à presença de metais resultantes do processo de esmaltação dos revestimentos cerâmicos. As espécies Allium cepa e Oreochromis niloticus têm se mostrado bastante eficiente na avaliação da genotoxicidade ambiental. Neste trabalho foi avaliada a qualidade da água dos córregos Santa Gertrudes, Caju, Itaqui e do ribeirão Claro, por meio de testes desenvolvidos com estes bioindicadores. Pelos resultados obtidos, pudemos observar que os compostos presentes nas águas destes rios apresentam potencial tóxico, citotóxico, genotóxico e mutagênico para os dois organismos-teste. O teste com bulbos de A. cepa mostrou uma inibição no desenvolvimento das raízes, devido às substâncias tóxicas presente em águas coletadas após o despejo de efluentes. As amostras dos pontos correspondentes ao local de emissão de efluentes também induziram elevados índices de AC e MN em células meristemáticas de A. cepa, para todas as coletas realizadas. O ponto de coleta... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Mutagenicity is a toxic effect that damages the genetic material of the cell, causing alterations in either the DNA or the chromosome. There are several substances present in complexes of domestic and industrial effluents that may cause serious damage to the genetic material. Biological tests of toxicity and genotoxicity are essential for monitoring studies, which aims at assessing the extension of the environmental pollution and the reaction of the living organisms to this pollution. Waters that receive discharges from different sources of pollution, such as urban and industrial effluents, are mostly impacted by complex mixtures composed by several chemicals. Santa Gertrudes stream and associated rivers receive domestic effluents from the municipality of Santa Gertrudes (SP, Brazil) and industrial effluents from several ceramic industries. The ceramic effluents have toxic effects mainly due to the presence of metals resulting from the enameling process of ceramic coating. Allium cepa and Oreochromis niloticus species are very efficient in evaluating environmental genotoxicity resulting from pollution. In this study, the quality of the water of the Santa Gertrudes, Caju, Itaqui and Claro streams was assessed by tests developed with these bioindicators. Based on the results, we could observe that the compounds present in the waters are potencialy toxic, cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic to both test organisms. The tests with bulbs of A. cepa showed an inhibition in root development due to the toxic substances present in the waters collected after the discharge of the effluents. Likewise, the samples from the effluent emission sites induced high indices of CA and MN in meristematic cells of A. cepa for all the collections made. The collection site located after the confluence of the Santa Gertrudes and Claro streams presented an increase in the alteration indices, especially for the August... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Books on the topic "Comedy. eng"

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John, Palmer. The end: A comedy. Toronto: Playwrights Canada, 1986.

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Boone, Brian. The egg play: A short comedy. New York: Playscripts, Inc., 2008.

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In at the deep end: A comedy. London: Samuel French, 2003.

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France, Richard. An end in sight: Unsavory comedy in two acts. Louisville, KY: Aran Press, 1990.

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Simon, Mayo. Walking to Waldheim: A comedy almost to the end. Woodstock, Ill: Dramatic Pub., 1995.

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Platt, Len. Musical Comedy on the West End Stage, 1890–1939. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230512689.

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Flisar, Evald. Comedy about the end of the world: In 12 languages. Norman, Oklahoma, USA: Texture Press, 2015.

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Daniel, O'Donnell. End of the world: The Y2K adventure : a two-act comedy. [Tallahassee, Fl]: Eldridge Pub. Co., 2006.

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1958-, Rohr Susanne, ed. Comedy, avant-garde, scandal: Remembering the Holocaust after the end of history. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2010.

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Brunstetter, Bekah. Nothing is the end of the world: (except for the end of the world) : a comedy/drama. New York, NY: Playscripts, Inc., 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Comedy. eng"

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Platt, Len. "Our Sickly Age’s End – Musical Comedy and Modernity." In Musical Comedy on the West End Stage, 1890–1939, 26–58. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230512689_2.

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Moon, Tony. "A series of ghastly mistakes that turned out right in the end (8:1)." In The Routledge Comedy Studies Reader, 199–206. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429057526-23.

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Platt, Len. "The Decline of West End Musical Comedy, 1912–1939." In Musical Comedy on the West End Stage, 1890–1939, 126–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230512689_6.

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Summerfield, Judith Pearl. "End of a World." In A Man Comes from Someplace, 33–57. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-190-8_3.

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Resta, Ilaria. "Le gare d’amicizia e d’amore de Arcangelo Spagna: una posible refundición de Duelo de honor y amistad." In Studi e saggi, 343–62. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-150-1.21.

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This work aims to examine the adaptations of the ‘comedia nueva’ by Arcangelo Spagna, a Roman clergyman who lived and worked between the end of the XVII century and the first decades of the following one. In particular, we will try to verify the relationship between Spagna’s comedy Le gare d’amicitia e d’amore and Herrera y Sotomayor’s Duelo de honor y amistad, by examining the analogies and the differences related to this possible hypotext.
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Platt, Len. "Themes and Approaches." In Musical Comedy on the West End Stage, 1890–1939, 1–25. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230512689_1.

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Platt, Len. "Chin Chin Chinaman – Doing Other Cultures." In Musical Comedy on the West End Stage, 1890–1939, 59–82. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230512689_3.

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Platt, Len. "Aristocracy and the Cultural Politics of Modernity." In Musical Comedy on the West End Stage, 1890–1939, 83–103. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230512689_4.

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Platt, Len. "Interventions in the Politics of Gender and Sexuality." In Musical Comedy on the West End Stage, 1890–1939, 104–25. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230512689_5.

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Wetherill, G. W. "End Products of Cometary Evolution: Cometary Origin of Earth-Crossing Bodies of Asteroidal Appearance." In Comets in the Post-Halley Era, 537–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3378-4_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Comedy. eng"

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Kobayashi, Yosuke, Yosuke Sato, and Jay Kishigami. "Laughter detecting model using wearable EEG meter for Japanese comedy content." In 2018 IEEE 7th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcce.2018.8574616.

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Joshi, Salil Rajeev, Bharath Venkatesh, Dawn Thomas, Yue Jiao, and Shourya Roy. "A Natural Language and Interactive End-to-End Querying and Reporting System." In CoDS COMAD 2020: 7th ACM IKDD CoDS and 25th COMAD. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3371158.3371198.

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Goyal, Abhishek, and Rahul Garg. "Effective EEG Connectivity by Sparse Vector Autoregressive Model." In CoDS COMAD 2020: 7th ACM IKDD CoDS and 25th COMAD. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3371158.3371163.

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Sekanina, Zdenek. "Episodic aging and end states of comets." In Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Richard B. Hoover, Gilbert V. Levin, Alexei Y. Rozanov, and Paul C. Davies. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.801143.

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Lima, Arthur Braga, Tiago Rocha, Marcos Pimentel, and Luiz Feichas. "The Brazilian government efforts to support electronic recycling facilities to comply with environmental sound practices." In Electronics Goes Green 2016+ (EGG). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/egg.2016.7829837.

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Sen, Jaydeep, Diptikalyan Saha, Ashish Mittal, and Karthik Sankaranarayanan. "Optimizing Interpretation Generation in Natural Language Query Answering for Real Time End Users." In CODS COMAD 2021: 8th ACM IKDD CODS and 26th COMAD. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3430984.3431002.

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Harold, Fred G. "Certification comes of age: end users are now eligible." In the twenty-first annual conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/16687.16693.

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Fujii, Yuki, Yu Nakazawa, Ewen Lawson Gillies, Eitaro Hamada, Masahiro Ikeno, MyeongJae Lee, Satoshi Mihara, et al. "Development of the Fast Front-end Trigger System for COMET Phase-I." In 2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2018.8824619.

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van den Hoven, Gerlas. "FTTX-how close to the end user should fiber come?" In LEOS 2009 -22nd Annuall Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (LEO). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/leos.2009.5343416.

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Livschits, R. "When Will Educational Reforms in Russia Come to The End?" In Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference "Far East Con" (ISCFEC 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iscfec-18.2019.156.

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Reports on the topic "Comedy. eng"

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Hidalgo-Marí, T., A. Tous Rovirosa, and LF Morales Morante. Los modelos familiares en la comedia televisiva española: (1990-2010). Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2019-1318.

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Bonaut Iriarte, Joseba, and María del Mar Grandío Pérez. Los nuevos horizontes de la comedia televisiva en el siglo XXI. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-64-2009-859-753-765.

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Hoshi, Takeo, and Anil Kashyap. The Japanese Banking Crisis: Where Did It Come From and How Will It End? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7250.

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Ojeda, Ricardo A., and Andrea del Pilar Tarquino-Carbonell. Galea comes. En: SAyDS�SAREM (eds.) Categorizaci�n 2019 de los mam�feros de Argentina seg�n su riesgo de extinci�n. Ciudad Aut�noma de Buenos aires: Lista Roja de los mam�feros de Argentina, November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31687/saremlr.19.331.

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Redondo, Nélida. Envejecimiento y atención a la dependencia en República Dominicana. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003583.

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La población de la República Dominicana envejece de manera sostenida desde las primeras décadas de este siglo y las proyecciones indican que esta tendencia se acentuará en las próximas décadas. Se estima que en el año 2050 las personas de 65 años y más representarán el 16% del total de la población dominicana, en tanto, las personas de edad extrema (80 años y más) constituirán el 4,2% (ONE, Estimaciones y proyecciones de población 1950-2050). La transición demográfica trae consigo un aumento en la cantidad de personas con dependencia funcional; esto es, que necesitan ayuda para realizar las actividades de la vida diaria. Datos de 2013 permiten estimar que al menos el 10% de las personas mayores de 60 años presentan dificultades para realizar al menos una actividad básica de la vida diaria, como comer, bañarse, o vestirse, porcentaje que aumenta a 27% entre los mayores de 80. A pesar de esto, la vejez continúa siendo un asunto privado, cuyas contingencias se resuelven en las redes familiares de alimento y cuidado. El Estado se hace cargo de la atención de la dependencia en los casos de personas mayores en situación de pobreza extrema y sin familia capaz de ofrecer sostén. La capacidad de comprar servicios privados de calidad es también limitada, debido a los altos niveles de pobreza entre la población adulta mayor del país, consecuencia entre otras cosas de un sistema de seguridad social con bajos niveles de cobertura y suficiencia. La presente nota técnica analiza las necesidades de servicios de atención a la dependencia por parte de la población adulta mayor en República Dominicana y las maneras en que estas necesidades son cubiertas, incluyendo el rol del sector público y privado en la provisión de servicios. La nota es parte de una serie de estudios sobre envejecimiento y servicios de cuidados para personas con dependencia llevada a cabo por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo y el Programa de la Unión Europea EUROsociAL.
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Mooney, Henry, David Rosenblatt, Cloe Ortiz de Mendívil, Gralyn Frazier, Ariel McCaskie, Victor Gauto, Elton Bollers, Jason Christie, Jeetendra Khadan, and Nazera Abdul-Haqq. Caribbean Quarterly Bulletin: Volume 10: Issue 2, August 2021. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003573.

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For more than a year, the Caribbean economics team at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) has focused on the potential implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for lives and livelihoods across the region. The pandemic is still with us, but there is hope that the cycles of lockdowns and containment measures will eventually come to an end as vaccination programs progress, even if unevenly, across the region. However, the availability of vaccine supply remains a concern, and the pandemic continues to pose a constraint for the recovery of key sectors such as tourism and local services sectors. This edition of the Caribbean Quarterly Bulletin focuses on two topics: (1) forecasts of key macroeconomic variables, based on the April 2021 WEO, and (2) financial sector risks. In general, regional economies are embarking on a fragile path to recovery. Continued progress with vaccination programs, credible medium-term fiscal programs, and continued attention to financial vulnerabilities will be needed to push that path to recovery forward.
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Henrick, Erin, Steven McGee, Lucia Dettori, Troy Williams, Andrew Rasmussen, Don Yanek, Ronald Greenberg, and Dale Reed. Research-Practice Partnership Strategies to Conduct and Use Research to Inform Practice. The Learning Partnership, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51420/conf.2021.3.

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This study examines the collaborative processes the Chicago Alliance for Equity in Computer Science (CAFÉCS) uses to conduct and use research. The CAFÉCS RPP is a partnership between Chicago Public Schools (CPS), Loyola University Chicago, The Learning Partnership, DePaul University, and University of Illinois at Chicago. Data used in this analysis comes from three years of evaluation data, and includes an analysis of team documents, meeting observations, and interviews with 25 members of the CAFÉCS RPP team. The analysis examines how three problems are being investigated by the partnership: 1) student failure rate in an introductory computer science course, 2) teachers’ limited use of discussion techniques in an introductory computer science class, and 3) computer science teacher retention. Results from the analysis indicate that the RPP engages in a formalized problem-solving cycle. The problem-solving cycle includes the following steps: First, the Office of Computer Science (OCS) identifies a problem. Next, the CAFÉCS team brainstorms and prioritizes hypotheses to test. Next, data analysis clarifies the problem and the research findings are shared and interpreted by the entire team. Finally, the findings are used to inform OCS improvement strategies and next steps for the CAFÉCS research agenda. There are slight variations in the problem-solving cycle, depending on the stage of understanding of the problem, which has implications for the mode of research (e.g hypothesis testing, research and design, continuous improvement, or evaluation).
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Malej, Matt, and Fengyan Shi. Suppressing the pressure-source instability in modeling deep-draft vessels with low under-keel clearance in FUNWAVE-TVD. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40639.

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This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) documents the development through verification and validation of three instability-suppressing mechanisms in FUNWAVE-TVD, a Boussinesq-type numerical wave model, when modeling deep-draft vessels with a low under-keel clearance (UKC). Many large commercial ports and channels (e.g., Houston Ship Channel, Galveston, US Army Corps of Engineers [USACE]) are traveled and affected by tens of thousands of commercial vessel passages per year. In a series of recent projects undertaken for the Galveston District (USACE), it was discovered that when deep-draft vessels are modeled using pressure-source mechanisms, they can suffer from model instabilities when low UKC is employed (e.g., vessel draft of 12 m¹ in a channel of 15 m or less of depth), rendering a simulation unstable and obsolete. As an increasingly large number of deep-draft vessels are put into service, this problem is becoming more severe. This presents an operational challenge when modeling large container-type vessels in busy shipping channels, as these often will come as close as 1 m to the bottom of the channel, or even touch the bottom. This behavior would subsequently exhibit a numerical discontinuity in a given model and could severely limit the sample size of modeled vessels. This CHETN outlines a robust approach to suppressing such instability without compromising the integrity of the far-field vessel wave/wake solution. The three methods developed in this study aim to suppress high-frequency spikes generated nearfield of a vessel. They are a shock-capturing method, a friction method, and a viscosity method, respectively. The tests show that the combined shock-capturing and friction method is the most effective method to suppress the local high-frequency noises, while not affecting the far-field solution. A strong test, in which the target draft is larger than the channel depth, shows that there are no high-frequency noises generated in the case of ship squat as long as the shock-capturing method is used.
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Sheridan, Anne. Annual report on migration and asylum 2016: Ireland. ESRI, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/sustat65.

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The Annual Report on Migration and Asylum 2016 provides an overview of trends, policy developments and significant debates in the area of asylum and migration during 2016 in Ireland. Some important developments in 2016 included: The International Protection Act 2015 was commenced throughout 2016. The single application procedure under the Act came into operation from 31 December 2016. The International Protection Office (IPO) replaced the Office of the Refugee Applications Commissioner (ORAC) from 31 December 2016. The first instance appeals body, the International Protection Appeals Tribunal (IPAT), replacing the Refugee Appeals Tribunal (RAT), was established on 31 December 2016. An online appointments system for all registrations at the Registration Office in Dublin was introduced. An electronic Employment Permits Online System (EPOS) was introduced. The Irish Short Stay Visa Waiver Programme was extended for a further five years to October 2021. The Second National Action Plan to Prevent and Combat Human Trafficking was published. 2016 was the first full year of implementation of the Irish Refugee Protection Programme (IRPP). A total of 240 persons were relocated to Ireland from Greece under the relocation strand of the programme and 356 persons were resettled to Ireland. Following an Oireachtas motion, the Government agreed to allocate up to 200 places to unaccompanied minors who had been living in the former migrant camp in Calais and who expressed a wish to come to Ireland. This figure is included in the overall total under the IRPP. Ireland and Jordan were appointed as co-facilitators in February 2016 to conduct preparatory negotiations for the UN high level Summit for Refugees and Migrants. The New York Declaration, of September 2016, sets out plans to start negotiations for a global compact for safe, orderly and regular migration and a global compact for refugees to be adopted in 2018. Key figures for 2016: There were approximately 115,000 non-EEA nationals with permission to remain in Ireland in 2016 compared to 114,000 at the end of 2015. Net inward migration for non-EU nationals is estimated to be 15,700. The number of newly arriving immigrants increased year-on-year to 84,600 at April 2017 from 82,300 at end April 2016. Non-EU nationals represented 34.8 per cent of this total at end April 2017. A total of 104,572 visas, both long stay and short stay, were issued in 2016. Approximately 4,127 persons were refused entry to Ireland at the external borders. Of these, 396 were subsequently admitted to pursue a protection application. 428 persons were returned from Ireland as part of forced return measures, with 187 availing of voluntary return, of which 143 were assisted by the International Organization for Migration Assisted Voluntary Return Programme. There were 532 permissions of leave to remain granted under section 3 of the Immigration Act 1999 during 2016. A total of 2,244 applications for refugee status were received in 2016, a drop of 32 per cent from 2015 (3,276). 641 subsidiary protection cases were processed and 431 new applications for subsidiary protection were submitted. 358 applications for family reunification in respect of recognised refugees were received. A total of 95 alleged trafficking victims were identified, compared with 78 in 2015.
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10

Hunter, Fraser, and Martin Carruthers. Iron Age Scotland. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.193.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  Building blocks: The ultimate aim should be to build rich, detailed and testable narratives situated within a European context, and addressing phenomena from the longue durée to the short-term over international to local scales. Chronological control is essential to this and effective dating strategies are required to enable generation-level analysis. The ‘serendipity factor’ of archaeological work must be enhanced by recognising and getting the most out of information-rich sites as they appear. o There is a pressing need to revisit the archives of excavated sites to extract more information from existing resources, notably through dating programmes targeted at regional sequences – the Western Isles Atlantic roundhouse sequence is an obvious target. o Many areas still lack anything beyond the baldest of settlement sequences, with little understanding of the relations between key site types. There is a need to get at least basic sequences from many more areas, either from sustained regional programmes or targeted sampling exercises. o Much of the methodologically innovative work and new insights have come from long-running research excavations. Such large-scale research projects are an important element in developing new approaches to the Iron Age.  Daily life and practice: There remains great potential to improve the understanding of people’s lives in the Iron Age through fresh approaches to, and integration of, existing and newly-excavated data. o House use. Rigorous analysis and innovative approaches, including experimental archaeology, should be employed to get the most out of the understanding of daily life through the strengths of the Scottish record, such as deposits within buildings, organic preservation and waterlogging. o Material culture. Artefact studies have the potential to be far more integral to understandings of Iron Age societies, both from the rich assemblages of the Atlantic area and less-rich lowland finds. Key areas of concern are basic studies of material groups (including the function of everyday items such as stone and bone tools, and the nature of craft processes – iron, copper alloy, bone/antler and shale offer particularly good evidence). Other key topics are: the role of ‘art’ and other forms of decoration and comparative approaches to assemblages to obtain synthetic views of the uses of material culture. o Field to feast. Subsistence practices are a core area of research essential to understanding past society, but different strands of evidence need to be more fully integrated, with a ‘field to feast’ approach, from production to consumption. The working of agricultural systems is poorly understood, from agricultural processes to cooking practices and cuisine: integrated work between different specialisms would assist greatly. There is a need for conceptual as well as practical perspectives – e.g. how were wild resources conceived? o Ritual practice. There has been valuable work in identifying depositional practices, such as deposition of animals or querns, which are thought to relate to house-based ritual practices, but there is great potential for further pattern-spotting, synthesis and interpretation. Iron Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report v  Landscapes and regions:  Concepts of ‘region’ or ‘province’, and how they changed over time, need to be critically explored, because they are contentious, poorly defined and highly variable. What did Iron Age people see as their geographical horizons, and how did this change?  Attempts to understand the Iron Age landscape require improved, integrated survey methodologies, as existing approaches are inevitably partial.  Aspects of the landscape’s physical form and cover should be investigated more fully, in terms of vegetation (known only in outline over most of the country) and sea level change in key areas such as the firths of Moray and Forth.  Landscapes beyond settlement merit further work, e.g. the use of the landscape for deposition of objects or people, and what this tells us of contemporary perceptions and beliefs.  Concepts of inherited landscapes (how Iron Age communities saw and used this longlived land) and socal resilience to issues such as climate change should be explored more fully.  Reconstructing Iron Age societies. The changing structure of society over space and time in this period remains poorly understood. Researchers should interrogate the data for better and more explicitly-expressed understandings of social structures and relations between people.  The wider context: Researchers need to engage with the big questions of change on a European level (and beyond). Relationships with neighbouring areas (e.g. England, Ireland) and analogies from other areas (e.g. Scandinavia and the Low Countries) can help inform Scottish studies. Key big topics are: o The nature and effect of the introduction of iron. o The social processes lying behind evidence for movement and contact. o Parallels and differences in social processes and developments. o The changing nature of houses and households over this period, including the role of ‘substantial houses’, from crannogs to brochs, the development and role of complex architecture, and the shift away from roundhouses. o The chronology, nature and meaning of hillforts and other enclosed settlements. o Relationships with the Roman world
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