Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Comics and caricature'

Attempts to define what comics are and explain how they work have not always been successful because they are premised upon the idea that comics are inherently and almost exclusively visual. Drawing on social definitions for its object, this study challenges that premise and asserts that comics is not just a visual medium. The study outlines the multisensory aspects of comics: the visual, audible, tactile, olfactory and gustatory elements of the medium. It rejects a synaesthetic approach (by which all the senses are engaged through visual stimuli) and instead argues for a truly multisensory model by which the direct stimulation of the reader's physical senses can be understood. A wide range of examples demonstrate how multisensory communication systems work in both commercial and more experimental contexts. The thesis concludes with a case study that looks at the works of Alan Moore and indicates areas of interest that multisensory analysis can draw out, but which are overlooked by ocularcentric approaches.

This research seeks to analyze the graphical composition of manifestations of caricature in Rio Grande newspapers, from the issue on the strategies used in visual discourse to attract the reader's attention, guide the interpretation, provide information, and even promote the newspaper media. The theoretical and methodological framework is based on Image Theory, which discriminate the morphological, dynamic and scalar elements, that make up the manifestations of caricatures at newspapers Diabrete, Marui and Bisturi, to check the strategies for producing the images meaning and how the visual discourse contributes to the journalistic motives. Although the meanings of an image are not dissociated from its social and historical context of production or its verbal content, if it exists, the fundamental purpose of this dissertation is to understand and explain the power of visual language. This study seeks to demonstrate that, as the name used for this press time, the manifestations of caricatures, by guide the editorial strategy, represent a new genre of communication that shows a simple structure in its elements and, therefore, a strong appeal to reading and forming public opinion, being a resource for the production of information.
Esta pesquisa busca analisar a composição gráfica das manifestações caricaturais em jornais rio-grandinos, partindo da problemática sobre as estratégias utilizadas no discurso visual para atrair a atenção do leitor, orientar a interpretação, fornecer informações e, mesmo, popularizar a mídia jornal. O referencial teórico-metodológico se apoia na Teoria da Imagem, onde se discriminam os elementos morfológicos, dinâmicos e escalares que compõem as manifestações caricaturais dos jornais Diabrete, Marui e Bisturi, para verificar as estratégias de construção de significação das imagens e como o discurso visual contribui para os intuitos jornalísticos. Embora as significações de uma imagem não se dissociem de seu contexto sócio-histórico de produção ou de seu conteúdo verbal, se existente, o intuito fundamental dessa dissertação é entender e explicar a potência da linguagem visual. Procuro demonstrar que, conforme o próprio nome utilizado para essa imprensa de época, as manifestações caricaturais, ao orientarem a estratégia editorial, representam um novo gênero de comunicar que apresenta em seus elementos uma estruturação simples e, por isso, de forte apelo de leitura e formação de opinião, constituindo-se em recursos para a produção de informação.

Desarrollar un cómic que sirva de base para un sistema de comunicación visual, con soporte y sustento en el código gráfico y narrativo de la historieta, que sirva de complemento a un aprendizaje significativo de las asignaturas de Educación Tecnológica y Comprensión del Medio y Sociedad, para alumnos de enseñanza media.

Este trabalho de pesquisa estuda um autor - Renato Canini - que construiu uma trajetória peculiar ao desenvolver uma narrativa de histórias em quadrinhos com um traço bastante pessoal apesar de inserida nas de estruturas de produção massivas. Envolve a articulação da CETPA Cooperativa Editora de Trabalhos de Porto Alegre - que pretendia publicar histórias em quadrinhos brasileiras para fazer frente à avassaladora presença de material importado , estrutura onde Canini realizou com as tiras de Zé Candango seus primeiros ensaios de uma linguagem brasileira de quadrinhos. E porque parte dessas tiras foi publicada no Jornal do Brasil, sua atuação pode ser vista dentro da construção de um sistema massivo de produção e distribuição no país. Este trabalho vai além ao abordar a seminal passagem deste autor pelas publicações Disney por meio da Editora Abril - desenhando as aventuras do personagem Zé Carioca. Deste período resultará uma obra que encontra grande significado por conseguir superar as contradições e os limites de uma estrutura caracterizada por uma rígida divisão de trabalho, dilatando os limites da questão autoral dentro da grande indústria e trazendo amplos questionamentos quanto aos elementos formadores de uma pretensa identidade nacional.
This research deals with the study of the artist Renato Canini, who managed to build a very peculiar way to develop a narrative of comics with a very personal style, although included in the structures of mass production. This period includes the articulation of CETPA (Cooperative Publishing Works of Porto Alegre), which intended to publish Brazilian comics to face the huge presence of imported material. That was when Canini drew his strips of Zé Candango its first steps of a language of Brazilian comics. And because of part of these strips were published in Jornal do Brasil, this work can be seen within the perspective of building a massive system of production and distribution. This work goes beyond by researching the important work done by Renato Canini at Disney publications - by Editora Abril - drawing the adventures of the character Zé Carioca. Not forgetting a significant formal research developed by him on the pages of the Recreio magazine. This period will result in a workforce that is able to overcome significant contradictions and limits of a structure known by being rigid with the labor division and also by extending the limits of copyright issue within the major industry issues and bringing extensive discussion on the elements of an alleged national identity.

Cette thèse porte sur le rôle politique de diverses formes d’humour graphique – la charge, la caricature, la bande dessinée, la gravure et le détournement d’image photographique – publiées dans la presse indépendante, sous le régime militaire brésilien instauré à la suite du coup d’État du 31 mars 1964. Il s’agit d’analyser les styles, les mécanismes et les pratiques contestataires spécifiques au dessin d’humour et à l’image satirique à partir de l’institutionnalisation du pouvoir autoritaire et jusqu’à la réinvention des moyens d’expression indépendants au début des années 1980. Dans un contexte de fermeture progressive du régime, de répression policière, de rétrécissement drastique du champ légal de l’action politique et de sévères limitations imposées à la liberté d’expression, l’humour graphique fut employé par les rédactions afin de contourner les diverses formes de censure et de lutter contre l’imaginaire autoritaire. La réinterprétation de certaines pratiques inscrites dans la tradition de l’humour visuel brésilien, construite à partir de l’essor de la presse imprimée au XIXe siècle, fut accompagnée d’innovations esthétiques, thématiques et militantes majeures dans un rapport mouvant à l’interdit, au toléré et à l’autorisé. Les périodiques, les dessinateurs et événements furent représentatifs d’importantes étapes dans l’élaboration des luttes symboliques et légales menées par les rédactions indépendantes. La diversité des sources iconographiques, manuscrites, imprimées et orales révèle l’important pouvoir de synthèse et le rôle fondamental de l’humour graphique dans la construction d’univers visuels thématiques caractéristiques des combats – et des divergences – des mouvements brésiliens de l’opposition démocratique
This thesis deals with the political role of various forms of graphic humor – charge, caricature, cartoon, engraving print and photomontage – published in the independent press under the military regime established as a result of the 31st march 1964’s coup. We analyse the styles, mechanisms and protester practices specific of humoristic drawings and satirical images from the authoritarian power’s institutionalization to the reinvention of the independent ways of expression in the early 80’s. Against a background of progressive regime’s closure, police repression, extreme reduction of the legal scope of political action and severe restrictions imposed on freedom of expression, the graphic humor was used by the editorial offices in order to circumvent the various forms of censorship and fight against the authoritarian imaginary. The reinterpretation of some practices that has been part of the Brazilian visual humor tradition built from the rise of the print press in the XIXth century, was accompanied by major aesthetic, thematic and militant evolutions in a moving connection with the forbidden, the tolerated and the allowed. The newspapers, the cartoonists and the events were representative of important steps in the development of symbolic and legal struggles led by the independent editorial teams. The diversity of iconographic, manuscript, printed and oral sources reveals the huge synthesis power and the crucial purpose of graphic humor within the building of thematic and visual universes characteristic of the fights – and the discrepancies – of the Brazilian democratic opposition’s movements
Esta tese se dedica ao estudo do papel político de várias formas de humor gráfico – tais como a charge, a caricatura, a história em quadrinhos, a gravura e o corte-colagem de fotografia – publicadas na imprensa independente durante o regime militar brasileiro, a partir do golpe do 31 de março de 1964. Se trata de analisar os estilos, os mecanismos e as práticas contestatórias específicos do desenho de humor e da imagem satírica a partir da institucionalização do poder autoritário e até a reinvenção dos meios de comunicação independentes no começo dos anos 1980. Num contexto de fechamento progressivo do regime, de repressão policial, de diminuição drástica do campo legal da ação política assim como de severas limitações impostas à liberdade de expressão, o humor gráfico foi empleado pelas redações para contornar as diversas formas de censura e lutar contra o imaginário autoritário. A reinterpretação de certas práticas inscritas na tradição do humor visual brasileiro, construida a partir do crescimento da imprensa no siglo XIX, foi acompanhada de importantes inovações estéticas, temáticas e militantes numa relação em movimento com o proibido, o tolerado e o autorizado. Os periódicos, os cartunistas e eventos foram representativos das maiores etapas de elaboração das lutas simbólicas e legais por parte das redações independentes. A diversidade das fontes iconográficas, manuscritas, impressas e orais revela o importante poder de síntese e o papel fundamental do humor gráfico na construção de universos visuais temáticos caraterísticos das lutas, e das divergências, dos movimentos brasileiros da oposição democrática

Este estudo procura investigar e interpretar a trajetória artística, jornalística, política e intelectual do caricaturista ítalo-brasileiro Angelo Agostini (1843-1910). Sua estréia profissional, em São Paulo, coincide com o início da Guerra do Paraguai, em 1864, e seus últimos trabalhos acontecem quando a República oligárquica está consolidada, em 1908. Agostini assiste à decadência das últimas engrenagens do Império, assentado no trabalho escravo e na grande propriedade da terra e, em seguida, testemunha o advento da República e a nova inserção do Brasil no mercado internacional, através do fornecimento de matérias-primas aos países centrais e da entrada maciça de capitais externos aqui. Esteticamente, ele foi o principal artista gráfico em atividade, no Brasil, na segunda metade do século XIX e realizador de alguns marcos na história da imprensa brasileira, como a Revista Illustrada. Introdutor das histórias em quadrinhos entre nós, deixou como legado uma obra vasta, diferenciada e irregular. No plano político, foi um ativista na luta pela Abolição da escravatura. Nosso propósito é evidenciar como as transformações empresariais e técnicas na atividade de imprensa interferem no trabalho das artes gráficas. Ao mesmo tempo, tentaremos examinar em que consistiu a militância política de Agostini no âmbito jornalístico, quem eram seus parceiros, com quais setores de classe se articulava e qual o significado da campanha abolicionista para uma parcela da elite urbana.
This work intends to research and interpret the artistic, journalistic, political and intellectual career of the Italian-Brazilian cartoonist Angelo Agostini (1843-1910). His professional debut takes place in 1864, in São Paulo, when the Paraguay War was beginning, and his last works are published when the Oligarchic Republic is already consolidated, in 1907. Agostini witnesses the decay of the Brazilian Empire´s last ties - supported by slave work and large landed states. Following that, he also sees the raising of the Republic and Brazil´s new insertion in the international market - supplying raw material to central economies, and the massive income of external capital into the country. Esthetically wise, he was the main graphic artist at work in the second half of the nineteen century in Brazil. He accomplished some deeds in the history of the Brazilian press, such as the Revista Illustrada. Agostini was also the first one to introduce comic narrative into the country and his legacy was a vast artistic creation – although diversified and irregular. In the political field, he was an activist in the struggle for the abolition of slavery. The objective of this study is to point out how business and technical changes in press activities interfere in the final work - the graphic work. Along with that, we also try to investigate how Agostini performed his political action in the journalistic milieu, who his partners were, which class sectors he was connected with, and what the abolitionist campaign meant for a sector of the white urban elite.

This paper explores the way Hong Kong independent comics encapsulate the essence of the city. Independent comics are distinguished from mainstream comics by their specific mode of production. More significantly they demonstrate an emphasis on subjective personal creativity and craftsmanship, which stands out sharply in the pervasive objective culture in modern society. Adopting an anthropological approach in representing local ways of living, these comics attempt to map an identity of Hong Kong in a way that is free from confusing influences of her postcolonial history, her political subordination to China and the global capitalist forces. The artists of independent comics embrace the essence of local culture by focusing on space and cultural memory and thereby rediscovering the truth and characteristics of life in Hong Kong. As a form of popular cultural text, Hong Kong independent comics package the local identity and history into fashionable goods for cultural consumption. Together with this, the articulation of a shared past creates forces of cohesion that binds the community together and offers a way for the people to negotiate their identity.
published_or_final_version
Literary and Cultural Studies
Master
Master of Arts

Cette thèse porte sur les notions d'archétypes, caricatures et stéréotypes et leurs applications aux personnages noirs dans le film d'animation américain du XXe siècle. C'est en 1907 qu'est diffusé aux Etats-Unis le tout premier film d'animation mettant en scène un personnage noir. Ce dernier, appelé coon, était l'héritier d'une longue tradition de représentations péjoratives qui visaient à maintenir les Noirs dans une position d'altérité et d'infériorité face aux Blancs. Les premiers exemples de ces représentations se retrouvent notamment dans le comic strip américain dont les artistes ont d'abord été dessinateurs, puis « animateurs ». Toutefois, une grande partie des traits physiques et de l'idéologie qui sous-tendent à la création de ces personnages avait déjà été déterminée au XIXe siècle par des disciplines pseudo scientifiques consacrant « l'infériorité » des Noirs sous couvert d'une fausse science, surtout la physiognomonie et la phrénologie, des disciplines émettrices de ce type d'observations et de dessins qui connurent un succès important aux Etats-Unis après avoir été diffusées en Europe. Une autre source d'influence dans l'édification des stéréotypes noirs des films d'animation est celle du spectacle vivant, en particulier les numéros de vaudeville et du Blackface (spectacles populaires de la fin du XIXe siècle aux années 1960 durant lesquels des comédiens blancs grimés en Noirs parodiaient ces derniers). Les personnages noirs du cinéma d'animation reprenaient ces trois influences dont les traces sont largement perceptibles jusqu'aux années 1940. Les représentations péjoratives des Noirs dans l'animation évoluent lentement à partir de 1941 et la conscription des soldats Africains-Américains durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Bien qu'une majorité de films d'animation continuent de mettre en scène des personnages caricaturaux, des changements commencent à poindre légèrement, notamment à travers l'exploitation de la musique bebop. L'après-guerre marque une transition définitive entre anciennes caricatures et nouvelles représentations. La montée des revendications des Africains-Américains en faveur d’une égalité de traitement créé une ambivalence entre leurs velléités réformatrices et la persistance d'archaïsmes dépréciatifs dans le cinéma d'animation. Au gré des avancées sociales obtenues par le Mouvement pour les Droits Civiques et du combat mené par les partisans du Black Power, les personnages noirs du cinéma d'animation, puis du dessin animé télévisuel intègrent ces nouvelles dynamiques positives mais également conformistes, parfois déconnectées des réalités des Africains-Américains. Les représentations les plus en adéquation avec leur époque proviennent finalement du milieu du film d'animation underground des années 1970 où se côtoient prostituées et bonimenteurs autour d'un sous-texte social inédit
This thesis focuses on the notions of archetypes, caricatures and stereotypes as well as their application to black characters in twentieth-century American animated films. In 1907, the very first animated film depicting a black character, “Coon”, was screened. “Coon” came from a long tradition of pejorative depictions that targeted African Americans and defined them down as “others” and “inferiors”. The first regular examples of these representations emerged in American comic strips and were drawn by cartoonists who soon became “animators”. A large part of the ideology and physical representations leading to the creation of these characters was inspired by pseudo-scientific theories that sanctioned black people “inferiority”, graphically and ideologically in the name of pseudo-sciences, including first and foremost physiognomy and phrenology, which first gained influence in Europe before reaching the United States. Vaudeville and Blackface Minstrelsy performances – popular shows that lampooned Black people and were performed by white actors in make-up from the end of the nineteenth century to the 1960s – also played a significant role in the creation of black otherness. The black characters in animated films were a reflection of these three cultural influences and remained unchanged until the 1940s. The negative depictions of African Americans in animated films began to evolve slowly when the United States entered World War II. Slow changes were perceptible through the use of bebop music in such films, although the vast majority of those films remained full of caricatures of Black people. Irrevocable changes rose in the post-war period, from old caricatures to new representations. Increasing demands by African Americans for equal rights created an ambiguity between their integrationist aspirations and the remaining visual traces going back to the period of slavery. The gradual legal gains achieved through their fight in the Civil Rights and Black Power movements led to a new televisual and cinematic imagery, which showed more positive sides of Blackness, despite the persistence of a conformist tone, sometimes out of touch with African American reality. The most faithful reflections of African American experience ultimately came from underground animated movies in the 1970s, in which prostitutes and hustlers added to a new social subtext

Les liens qu’entretient le cinéma avec les journaux illustrés ont été perçus très tôt par les observateurs. Or, si les historiens semblent s’accorder sur une « influence » de la presse illustrée sur la production comique du cinéma français, les journaux humoristiques s’intéressent peu au cinéma de manière générale et ignorent complètement, ou presque, les films comiques. Comment expliquer ce phénomène ? Cette thèse propose de développer trois pistes de réflexion. En premier lieu nous tentons d’appréhender la manière dont la presse illustrée a perçu l’émergence et l’essor du spectacle cinématographique au tournant du XIXe siècle jusqu’au milieu des années 1910. Pour la plupart des chroniqueurs le spectacle cinématographique apparaît comme un intrus parmi les spectacles scéniques parisiens, déportant en quelque sorte la rivalité entre théâtre et cinéma dans la presse illustrée. Puis, en nous intéressant aux proximités entre films et journaux, il apparaît que le cinéma emprunte aux journaux autant qu’il recycle leurs histoires comiques, les modernise. Cela nous conduit enfin à envisager les deux médias sous l’angle de leurs divergences, à la fois idéologiques et politiques, empêchant une rencontre qui semblait pourtant à première vue inévitable
The links between the cinema and the illustrated press were perceived very early by the observers. Now, if historians seem to agree on an "influence" of the illustrated press on the comic production of French cinema, humorous newspapers are not very interested in cinema in general and completely, or almost completely, ignore comic films. How to explain this phenomenon ? This thesis proposes to develop three lines of thought. First, we try to understand the way in which the illustrated press saw the emergence and growth of the film show at the turn of the 19th century until the mid-1910s. For most chroniclers the cinema appears as an intruder among the Parisian stage shows, deporting in a way the rivalry between theater and cinema in the illustrated press. Then, by looking at the proximity between films and newspapers, it appears that cinema borrows from newspapers as much as it recycles their comic stories, modernizes them. This leads us finally to consider the two media from the angle of their differences, both ideological and political, preventing a meeting that seemed at first sight inevitable

CAPES
O estudo busca analisar tiras cômicas na internet, a partir de três autores diferentes: Carlos Ruas, criador do "Um Sábado Qualquer", André Farias, do "Vida de Suporte", e William Leite, autor do "Willtirando". O debate engloba a relação entre quadrinhos e tecnologia, esmiuçando o sentido das tiras. Essa discussão qualitativa é agregada por dados quantitativos, através dos quais o trabalho evidencia possíveis desdobramentos para a linguagem das tiras cômicas online, tais como a tendência de expansão no formato; a crescente hibridação com imagens de variados tipos; e o fenômeno de aproximação entre as esferas autor/leitor no suporte digital. Também foram discutidas produções de um tipo mais incomum: as tiras digitais, que incorporam animação em sua narrativa. Ao fim do estudo, discutimos um protótipo de tira cômica online a partir dos formatos mais utilizados pelos autores, a fim de reiterar a natureza deste gênero discursivo: uma narrativa breve, cujo desfecho é inesperado e resulta no humor.
The study aims to analyze comic strips on the internet, from three different artists: Carlos Ruas, creator of "Um Sábado Qualquer", André Farias, of "Vida de Suporte," and William Leite, author of "Willtirando". The discussion covers the relationship between comics and technology by analyzing the comic strip and the construction of its meaning. The qualitative reflection is aggregated by quantitative data, through which the work shows possible outcomes for the language of the online comic strips, such as the expansion in the format; increased hybridization with various types of images; and the approach phenomenon between the spheres author/reader in digital format. Productions of a most unusual kind also were discussed: the digital comic strips, that incorporate animated effects on its narrative. At the end of the study, we present an online comic strip prototype from the most popular formats used by the authors, in order to reiterate the nature of the comic strips: a brief narrative whose outcome is unexpected and results in humor.

De 1954 à 1976, l'œuvre de Quino paraît essentiellement dans la presse argentine. Très vite, l'humoriste est reconnu de la profession et rejoint les pages de quelques-uns des plus grands périodiques d'humour et d'actualité de l'époque. S'adaptant à différentes lignes éditoriales, il explore plusieurs courants comiques, du burlesque à l'absurde, en passant par la satire d'une société en crise. Le rythme de publication soutenu et la variété des formes employées par l'humoriste – strip, planche et dessin unique – sont propices à l'élaboration d'une poétique de la brièveté. L'œuvre de Quino se construit dans une dynamique de répétition et de variation qui revisite la tradition du dessin humoristique de presse et thématise les conditions de sa création
From 1954 to 1976, Quino's work is essentially published in argentinian press. The humorist is very soon acknowledged by his profession and joins the pages of some of the most important journals and magazines of humor and information at this time. Adapting his creation to different editorial lines, he explores several forms of comic, from slapstick to absurdity, and even the satirizing of a society in crisis. His intense rhythm of publication and the diversity of forms used by the humorist – strip, page and cartoon – are favorable to elaborate a poetics of briefness. Quino's work is elaborated in a dynamics of repetition and variation which revisits graphic humor tradition and thematizes the conditions of his creation
De 1954 a 1976, la obra de Quino se publica principalmente en la prensa argentina. Muy pronto, el humorista recibe el reconocimiento de los profesionales del humor y accede a las páginas de algunos de los periódicos y revistas de humor y de actualidad más importantes de la época. Al adaptarse a diversas líneas editoriales, explora varias formas de comicidad, del burlesco al absurdo, pasando por la sátira de una sociedad en crisis. El ritmo de publicación intenso y la diversidad de formas empleadas por el humorista – tira, página y dibujo único – son propicios para elaborar una poética de la brevedad. La obra de Quino se construye en una dinámica de repetición y variación que revisita la tradición del humor gráfico y tematiza las condiciones de su creación

碩士
國立臺南大學
美術學系碩士班
100
This article takes the desires and emotions of the characters of works as a subject－Comic Caricatures and absurd as the style through the drawing skills, and the desires and emotions of the characters in the work as a main axle. By the writings of the study, in the absurd eyes, I express individual style of the Comic Caricature with the Chinese Water Painting techniques. By the visual effects, an artist tells how he shows his experiences and styles. On the one hand, I’d like to define clearly the thoughts of the artistic esthetic of my works. On the other hand, I also want to express how an artist, through his unique esthetic touches, conveys the spirits of the Comic Caricature by the Chinese Water Painting techniques. The main structure is divided into six chapters. Chapter One, Introduction, explains the motivation and aim of the study, study methods and the structure, and study range and the definition of words as well. Chapter Two, Foundation of creative philosophy, through the theory structure of document literature, discusses the desire and emotion nowadays as time goes. It also has a discussion about the influence of the Gambling and pornography on the people of its times. Chapter Three, discusses Comic Caricature and absurd of style annotation, and Taiwan’s Comic Caricature style evolution nowadays. Chapter Four, Creation philosophy and practice, gives the analysis on the artists’ works, relating the works during research institute period, and also gives interpretation and analysis from creation philosophy, formal structure, and manifestation skills. Chapter Five is about the analysis on the artists’ works. Chapter Six is the conclusion, relating the creation and research of the works. By deified cartoon with the combination of ink, ink and extends the development of the new look. Also reflect on their own emotional desires of the painting association.

碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
美術學系
98
The goal of this paper was divided into two topics; the first topic was the connotation of the drawing, describing the conception of fast-food consumption; then, the second topic was the analysis of the performance style of drawing and the arrangement of the many aspects of the ink painting with comic caricature. Finally, the two topics were able to be concluded by my own works. In order to understand the economic and psychological factors of the form of the consumer society and the development of the consumer society in Taiwan, first I had to describe the background of the consumer society. Next I discussed the issues of fast food consumption to investigate how fast food, as a symbol of the western food culture, swept the world and spread quickly in Taiwan, because rice is the main food for the Taiwanese. Besides, the impact of globalization and localization, the prevailing of capitalism and the risk of human obesity caused by fast food were incidental to Taiwan society. Also I discussed how fast food consumption could touch the hearts of consumers and why fast food could become one part of the consumers’ life. With the view of the semiotics proposed by Ferdinand de Saussure, the symbolism proposed by Roland Barthes and the consumption symbol theory proposed by Jean Baudrillard, I studied the meaning of the symbols for fast food consumption. Last, I investigated how the consumer culture and art, the public consumption and comic caricature images combined together, and I would discuss the style of comic caricature in the next chapter. Because the prevailing of popular culture and the introduction of a trend mixed with eastern and western thought, the comic caricature took root in the modern life. The authors could try many ways to make pictures via the character modeling, like the concept of the deformation of the late Ming Dynasty, the impact of the pop art and post-modern perspective and the injection of the Japanese Superflat. Therefore, the modern ink painting was led into cartoon style, and the ink painting with cartoon style has been developed. I investigated the Chinese comic at first to understand the character of the traditional Chinese comic satirical humor and search for the source of the history. Then I discussed about the impact of the Japanese comic on Taiwanese and how the Japanese comic could touch the hearts of Taiwanese and change the comic system in Taiwan. Also I explored the prototypes of the traditional art works with cartoon style from the art history and respectively described the common point and bifurcation of the cartoon style from many aspects. Besides, I listed some artists to clarify the viewpoints and values of the comic caricature from the aspect of history. Finally, I talked about my own creative idea and form and described the cartoon style of my works borrowed from Uncle McDonald and KFC grandfather. Art is mirror of time and is created on the instant. Then the meaning of art is born. The artists try to show it. Keywords: Colored ink painting, ink painting, comic caricature, Superflat, fast food consumption, symbolic consumption.

by Cheung Hiu Wan.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves [135-140]).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Acknowledgement
Abstract
List of figures
Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction
Chapter 1.1 --- Scope of Study --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Literature Review --- p.3
Chapter 1.3 --- Methodology --- p.13
Chapter 1.4 --- Structure of the Thesis --- p.17
Chapter Chapter 2. --- Historical Development of Comics in China
Chapter 2.1 --- Comics History before1949 --- p.24
Chapter 2 . 2 --- Comics under the Reign of Chinese Communist Party --- p.29
Chapter 2.3 --- Beijing Cartoon after the Open Door Policy --- p.31
Chapter 2.4 --- Concluding Remarks --- p.39
Chapter Chapter 3 . --- Interaction with the Leaders of Beijing Publishing House
Chapter 3.1 --- Leaders´ةExpectation for Beijing Cartoon --- p.41
Chapter 3.2 --- The Discrepancy between the Senior and Junior Editors --- p.51
Chapter 3.3 --- Editors' Comments on Interaction with the Leaders of the Beijing Publishing House --- p.54
Chapter Chapter 4. --- Interaction with the Senior Artists
Chapter 4.1 --- Cartoon Art Festival98 --- p.57
Chapter 4.2 --- The Invasion of Japanese Comics --- p.59
Chapter 4.3 --- The Essence of Comics with Chinese Features --- p.63
Chapter 4.4 --- The Expected Role of the Chinese Government --- p.67
Chapter 4.5 --- The Editors´ة Comments on Cartoon Art Festival98 --- p.68
Chapter 4 . --- 6 Concluding Remarks --- p.70
Chapter Chapter 5. --- Interaction with the Junior Artists
Chapter 5.1 --- Social Status of the Junior Artists --- p.12
Chapter 5.2 --- Cooperation with Beijing Cartoon --- p.11
Chapter 5.3 --- Why do they Join the Comics Business --- p.79
Chapter 5.4 --- Agreement and Terms of Payment --- p.87
Chapter 5.5 --- Summer Camping: Market Mechanism and Autonomy in Artists' Creation --- p.88
Chapter 5.6 --- The Editors' Expectation on the Roles of The Artists --- p.96
Chapter 5.7 --- Artists' Comments on the Educational Aspect of Comics --- p.98
Chapter 5.8 --- Concluding Remarks --- p.102
Chapter Chapter 6. --- The Interaction with the Readers and Elders
Chapter 6.1 --- Whom were and Whom are the Comics for? --- p.104
Chapter 6.2 --- Parents and Teachers: Comics for Education --- p.105
Chapter 6.3 --- Parents and Teachers: Sex and Violence in Japanese Comics --- p.107
Chapter 6.4 --- More than Sex and Violence in Japanese Comics --- p.110
Chapter 6.5 --- Nippon´ؤcentric and Militarism of Japanese Comics --- p.115
Chapter 6.6 --- Better Academic Performances and More Choices --- p.115
Chapter 6.7 --- The Popularity of Comics among the Teenagers --- p.118
Chapter 6.8 --- Feedback from the Comics Readers --- p.121
Chapter 6.9 --- The Conflicts: More Education or More Entertainment --- p.122
Chapter 6.10 --- Concluding Remarks --- p.12 5
Chapter Chapter 7. --- Conclusion --- p.127
Appendix
References

Yang, Jing.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 122-135).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.p.1
Chapter Chapter 2: --- Literature Review --- p.p.14
Bodies --- p.p.15
Spaces --- p.p.19
Bodies-Spaces --- p.p.23
"Fantasy, Organization & Gender" --- p.p.28
Chapter Chapter 3: --- Methodology --- p.p.36
Data Collection --- p.p.36
Date Analysis --- p.p.41
Chapter Chapter 4: --- Fantastic Bodies-Spaces
The ACG Fantasy of Maid --- p.p.43
Geographical Location & Imaginary Location --- p.p.46
Inventing Names & Dressing Up --- p.p.50
"Home, Sweet Home" --- p.p.57
Fantastic Bodies-Spaces --- p.p.61
Chapter Chapter 5: --- Organizational Bodies-Spaces
"Maid Date, A Profit-Organization" --- p.p.66
White Maid Date & Black Maid Date --- p.p.67
Redrawing the Boundaries Between Home and Work --- p.p.70
Working as Professionals --- p.p.74
Supervision --- p.p.79
Organizational Bodies-Spaces --- p.p.82
Chapter Chapter 6: --- Gendered Bodies-Spaces
Display of Femininity & Male Gaze --- p.p.87
Butler's Day --- p.p.93
Gendered Bodies-Spaces --- p.p. 100
Chapter Chapter 7: --- Conclusion --- p.p.103
Appendix --- p.p.117
Reference --- p.p.122

This diploma thesis is focused on the analysis of humorous environmental cartoons in specific periods during last twenty-three years. In the content and semiotic analysis, I am dealing with cartoons in its various forms in the Czech broadsheet newspapers MF Dnes, Právo, Lidové noviny, Hospodářské noviny, Deník, Lidová demokracie, Svobodné slovo and Práce. I surveyed the subtopics dominating in specific periods and the frequency of envirotoons depending on particular titles and current events in the Czech Republic. The thesis deals with these media contents also in connection with global environmental issues and their public discussion. Another important part is the reflection of social problems which the analyzed topics are closely related with. Combination of quantitative and qualitative methods enables to describe and interpret media units of content and lay the foundations for the research of environmental cartoons which has no tradition in the Czech Republic. In the thesis, I point to the fact that newspaper cartoons provide not only the relaxation and entertainment, but it is also an important medium in environmental agenda-setting and its discussion.