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Mielczarek, Magda, Bartosz Czech, Jarosław Stańczyk, Joanna Szyda, and Bernt Guldbrandtsen. "Extraordinary Command Line: Basic Data Editing Tools for Biologists Dealing with Sequence Data." Open Bioinformatics Journal 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875036202013010137.
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The command line is a standard way of using the Linux operating system. It contains many features essential for efficiently handling data editing and analysis processes. Therefore, it is very useful in bioinformatics applications. Commands allow for rapid manipulation of large ASCII files or very numerous files, making basic command line programming skills a critical component in modern life science research. The following article is not a guide to Linux commands. In this manuscript, in contrast to many various Linux manuals, we aim to present basic command line tools helpful in handling biological sequence data. This manuscript provides a collection of simple and popular hacks dedicated to users with very basic experience in the area of the Linux command line. It includes a description of data formats and examples of editing of four types of data formats popular in bioinformatics applications.
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Laizans, K., I. Sünter, K. Zalite, H. Kuuste, M. Valgur, K. Tarbe, V. Allik, et al. "Design of the fault tolerant command and data handling subsystem for ESTCube-1." Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences 63, no. 2S (2014): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3176/proc.2014.2s.03.
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Cieślik, Marcin, Zygmunt S. Derewenda, and Cameron Mura. "Abstractions, algorithms and data structures for structural bioinformatics inPyCogent." Journal of Applied Crystallography 44, no. 2 (February 11, 2011): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889811004481.
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To facilitate flexible and efficient structural bioinformatics analyses, new functionality for three-dimensional structure processing and analysis has been introduced intoPyCogent– a popular feature-rich framework for sequence-based bioinformatics, but one which has lacked equally powerful tools for handling stuctural/coordinate-based data. Extensible Python modules have been developed, which provide object-oriented abstractions (based on a hierarchical representation of macromolecules), efficient data structures (e.g.kD-trees), fast implementations of common algorithms (e.g.surface-area calculations), read/write support for Protein Data Bank-related file formats and wrappers for external command-line applications (e.g. Stride). Integration of this code intoPyCogentis symbiotic, allowing sequence-based work to benefit from structure-derived data and, reciprocally, enabling structural studies to leveragePyCogent's versatile tools for phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses.
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Macnar, Joanna M., Natalia A. Szulc, Justyna D. Kryś, Aleksandra E. Badaczewska-Dawid, and Dominik Gront. "BioShell 3.0: Library for Processing Structural Biology Data." Biomolecules 10, no. 3 (March 16, 2020): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10030461.
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BioShell is an open-source package for processing biological data, particularly focused on structural applications. The package provides parsers, data structures and algorithms for handling and analyzing macromolecular sequences, structures and sequence profiles. The most frequently used routines are accessible by a set of easy-to-use command line utilities for a Linux environment. The full functionality of the package assumes knowledge of C++ or Python to assemble an application using this software library. Since the last publication that announced the version 2.0, the package has been greatly expanded and rewritten in C++ standard 11 (C++11) to improve its modularity and efficiency. A new testing platform has been implemented to continuously test the correctness and integrity of the package. More than two hundred test programs have been published to provide simple examples that can be used as templates. This makes BioShell an easy to use library that greatly speeds up development of bioinformatics applications and web services without compromising computational efficiency.
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Handayani, Dian, Wavin Nuha Kuntanaka, and Abdul Rahman. "Policy Implementation of Lantamal VIII Manado in Handling Transnational Crimes in the North Sulawesi Marine Border." Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration 4, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmsni.v4i1.7815.
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This study aims to identify the policy of Main Naval Base VIII (Lantamal VIII) Manado to handle transnational crimes in the Manado sea border, North Sulawesi. It is implemented in order to support Indonesia's maritime security which contains communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study. Data collection using interviews and documentation while examining the data’s validity using triangulation. The argument of this study is the communication made by Lantamal VIII Manado which represents the relation of Indonesia and the Philippines, while coordination between the competent agencies in the waters of North Sulawesi requires good synergy. Nevertheless, there are several problems encountered by Lantamal VIII Manado, namely the lack of personnel and defence equipment. The disposition aspect has been going well according to the command mechanism. In addition, from the bureaucratic structure, Lantamal VIII Manado has a clear division of regional work.
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Bushnell, Glenn S., Ian J. Fialho, Tom McDavid, James L. Allen, and Naveed Quraishi. "Ground and on-orbit command and data handling architectures for the active rack isolation system microgravity flight experiment." Acta Astronautica 53, no. 4-10 (August 2003): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-5765(03)00146-2.
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Anatolyev, Stanislav, and Alena Skolkova. "Many instruments: Implementation in Stata." Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 19, no. 4 (December 2019): 849–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x19893627.
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In recent decades, econometric tools for handling instrumental-variable regressions characterized by many instruments have been developed. We introduce a command, mivreg, that implements consistent estimation and testing in linear instrumental-variables regressions with many (possibly weak) instruments. mivreg covers both homoskedastic and heteroskedastic environments, estimators that are both nonrobust and robust to error nonnormality and projection matrix limit, and parameter tests and specification tests both with and without correction for existence of moments. We also run a small simulation experiment using mivreg and illustrate how mivreg works with real data.
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Tecuapetla-Gómez, Inder, Gerardo López-Saldaña, María Isabel Cruz-López, and Rainer Ressl. "TATSSI: A Free and Open-Source Platform for Analyzing Earth Observation Products with Quality Data Assessment." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 4 (April 16, 2021): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10040267.
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Earth observation (EO) data play a crucial role in monitoring ecosystems and environmental processes. Time series of satellite data are essential for long-term studies in this context. Working with large volumes of satellite data, however, can still be a challenge, as the computational environment with respect to storage, processing and data handling can be demanding, which sometimes can be perceived as a barrier when using EO data for scientific purposes. In particular, open-source developments which comprise all components of EO data handling and analysis are still scarce. To overcome this difficulty, we present Tools for Analyzing Time Series of Satellite Imagery (TATSSI), an open-source platform written in Python that provides routines for downloading, generating, gap-filling, smoothing, analyzing and exporting EO time series. Since TATSSI integrates quality assessment and quality control flags when generating time series, data quality analysis is the backbone of any analysis made with the platform. We discuss TATSSI’s 3-layered architecture (data handling, engine and three application programming interfaces (API)); by allowing three APIs (a native graphical user interface, some Jupyter Notebooks and the Python command line) this development is exceptionally user-friendly. Furthermore, to demonstrate the application potential of TATSSI, we evaluated MODIS time series data for three case studies (irrigation area changes, evaluation of moisture dynamics in a wetland ecosystem and vegetation monitoring in a burned area) in different geographical regions of Mexico. Our analyses were based on methods such as the spatio-temporal distribution of maxima over time, statistical trend analysis and change-point decomposition, all of which were implemented in TATSSI. Our results are consistent with other scientific studies and results in these areas and with related in-situ data.
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Cook, M. V., and H. V. de Castro. "The longitudinal flying qualities of a blended-wing-body civil transport aircraft." Aeronautical Journal 108, no. 1080 (February 2004): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000005029.
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Abstract This paper describes an evaluation of the longitudinal flying qualities of a generic blended-wing-body (BWB) transport aircraft at low speed flight conditions. Aerodynamic data was obtained from several sources and integrated into the equations of motion of a typical BWB configuration in order to provide a reasonable basis for flying qualities assessment. The control requirements to trim are enumerated for a representative range of cg position and static margin over the typical range of approach speeds for both stable and unstable configurations. The linear dynamic characteristics of the unaugmented airframe are also described for the same range of stability margin. Subsequent work describes the development of a rate command-attitude hold command and stability augmentation system configured to comply with representative modern handling criteria. Finally, the flight dynamics of the augmented aircraft are described after refinement of the control law by means of piloted simulation in a fixed base flight simulator.
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Pallavi, P., and Shaik Salam. "Online Command Area Water Resource Management System." APTIKOM Journal on Computer Science and Information Technologies 5, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.34306/csit.v5i2.141.
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Water is an important, but often ignored element in sustainable development by now it has been clear that urgent action is needed to avoid global water crisis. Water resource management is the activity of planning, developing, distributing and managing the optimum use of water resources. Successful management of water resources requires accurate knowledge of their resource distribution to meet up the competing demands and mechanisms to make good decisions using advanced recent technologies.Towards evolving comprehensive management plan in suitable conservation and utilization of water resources space technology plays a crucial role in managing country’s available water resources. Systematic approaches involving judicious combination of conventional server side scripting programming and remote sensing techniques pave way for achieving optimum planning and operational of water resources projects. new methodologies and 24/7 accessible system need to be built, these by reducing the dependency on complex infrastructure an specialist domain Open source web GIS systems have proven their rich in application of server side scripting and easy to use client application tools. Present study and implementation aims to provide wizard based or easily driven tools online for command area management practices. In this large endeavour modules for handling remote sensing data, online raster processing, statistics and indices generation will be developed.
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Masouleh, Marzieh Faridi, and Ahmad Bagheri. "Forecasting Stock Exchange Data using Group Method of Data Handling Neural Network Approach." Knowledge Engineering and Data Science 4, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um018v4i12021p1-13.
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The increasing uncertainty of the natural world has motivated computer scientists to seek out the best approach to technological problems. Nature-inspired problem-solving approaches include meta-heuristic methods that are focused on evolutionary computation and swarm intelligence. One of these problems significantly impacting information is forecasting exchange index, which is a serious concern with the growth and decline of stock as there are many reports on loss of financial resources or profitability. When the exchange includes an extensive set of diverse stock, particular concepts and mechanisms for physical security, network security, encryption, and permissions should guarantee and predict its future needs. This study aimed to show it is efficient to use the group method of data handling (GMDH)-type neural networks and their application for the classification of numerical results. Such modeling serves to display the precision of GMDH-type neural networks. Following the US withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in April 2018, the behavior of the stock exchange data stream and commend algorithms has not been able to predict correctly and fit in the network satisfactorily. This paper demonstrated that Group Method Data Handling is most likely to improve inductive self-organizing approaches for addressing realistic severe problems such as the Iranian financial market crisis. A new trajectory would be used to verify the consistency of the obtained equations hence the models' validity.
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bin Ibrahim, Syahrim Azhan, Sharizal Fadlie Sabri, and Nor'Asnilawati Salleh. "Preliminary Hardware Design and Development of On-Board Data Handling for Pico-Satellite in National Space Agency." Applied Mechanics and Materials 225 (November 2012): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.225.492.
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Malaysia had in the past sent two remote sensing satellites to orbit by collaborating with foreign space companies to build homegrown capacities for space technology development. At the educational institutions, a pico-satellite development program would be an ideal first step to establish such capacity as students could gain the experience and know-how through the complete cycle of designing, building and testing a satellite. As it is now, some of their overseas counterparts have already succeeded in running CubeSat programs due to strong support from kit manufacturers and their national space agencies. However, the cost to purchase such kits could be discouraging and National Space Agency (ANGKASA) recognises the needs to initiate some designs that could be used or referred to for further development or expansion. In this paper, a hardware design of On-Board Data Handling (OBDH) board using PIC Microcontroller is presented. OBDH is a main subsystem which controls all subsystems in the satellite. It provides a series of important services like command, telemetry, data communication, data acquisition, process, storage and management. The PIC Microcontroller made by Microchip Corporation is chosen as it is widely used by the industry and academia in Malaysia. The 16-bit PIC24 microcontroller has been recognized as a suitable part due to its performance, memory, peripherals, cost effective solutions as well as availability. The method used in designing the OBDH in this pico-satellite is first based on a main mission to investigate ionospheric effect on GPS signal transmission. Other considerations taken are that the parts used should be of commercial off the shelf product and having its own development board for ease of testing. The expected result would be the successful arrangement of all required parts in limited pico-satellite’s size and the accomplishment in achieving the satellite’s missions through simulation.
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Lin, Peng, Qingbin Li, and Pinyu Jia. "A Real-Time Temperature Data Transmission Approach for Intelligent Cooling Control of Mass Concrete." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/514606.
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The primary aim of the study presented in this paper is to propose a real-time temperature data transmission approach for intelligent cooling control of mass concrete. A mathematical description of a digital temperature control model is introduced in detail. Based on pipe mounted and electrically linked temperature sensors, together with postdata handling hardware and software, a stable, real-time, highly effective temperature data transmission solution technique is developed and utilized within the intelligent mass concrete cooling control system. Once the user has issued the relevant command, the proposed programmable logic controllers (PLC) code performs all necessary steps without further interaction. The code can control the hardware, obtain, read, and perform calculations, and display the data accurately. Hardening concrete is an aggregate of complex physicochemical processes including the liberation of heat. The proposed control system prevented unwanted structural change within the massive concrete blocks caused by these exothermic processes based on an application case study analysis. In conclusion, the proposed temperature data transmission approach has proved very useful for the temperature monitoring of a high arch dam and is able to control thermal stresses in mass concrete for similar projects involving mass concrete.
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Stretton, Milt, Daniel Bowdler, Jane Conway, Dick Swionte, John Morris, and John Wachter. "The Effect of Variations in Operator Proficiency on Asw Combat System Performance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 16 (October 1993): 1051–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129303701602.
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The development of an operability model analysis tool to support design requirement definition for advanced ASW combat systems has evolved over the last four years. Previous NUWC ASW Combat System Operability Modeling efforts using SLAM II have produced comparisons between various ASW combat systems to examine the relative benefits of equipment features and operating concepts. Development of these operability models enabled the representation of contact data handling processes, ASW combat system operators, and the man-to-man, man-to-machine, and machine-to-machine interfaces that occur during an ASW mission. Early operability model studies (Stretton, Swiontek, Morris, Conway, and Wachter, 1991) investigated data handling bottlenecks and contact data throughput for ASW systems by focusing on the sensor operators, supervisory personnel, and command decision makers. Earlier models did not incorporate variations in team member productivity as might be found under high-workload conditions. Also, ASW team member skill levels were not varied as might be found due to latency from training-to-shipboard activities or to individual differences in operators and their training. As a follow-on-effort, this study examined how variations in operator proficiency on critical tasks affect overall ASW combat system performance. Results of this effort appear to have wide-reaching operational impacts in the area of team performance and operator variability.
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Lani, Andrea, Tiago Quintino, Dries Kimpe, Herman Deconinck, Stefan Vandewalle, and Stefaan Poedts. "Reusable Object-Oriented Solutions for Numerical Simulation of PDEs in a High Performance Environment." Scientific Programming 14, no. 2 (2006): 111–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/393058.
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Object-oriented platforms developed for the numerical solution of PDEs must combine flexibility and reusability, in order to ease the integration of new functionalities and algorithms. While designing similar frameworks, a built-in support for high performance should be provided and enforced transparently, especially in parallel simulations. The paper presents solutions developed to effectively tackle these and other more specific problems (data handling and storage, implementation of physical models and numerical methods) that have arisen in the development of COOLFluiD, an environment for PDE solvers. Particular attention is devoted to describe a data storage facility, highly suitable for both serial and parallel computing, and to discuss the application of two design patterns, Perspective and Method-Command-Strategy, that support extensibility and run-time flexibility in the implementation of physical models and generic numerical algorithms respectively.
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Becker, Daniel, Christian Willmes, Georg Bareth, and Gerd-Christian Weniger. "A PLUGIN TO INTERFACE OPENMODELLER FROM QGIS FOR SPECIES' POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION MODELLING." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences III-7 (June 7, 2016): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-iii-7-251-2016.
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This contribution describes the development of a plugin for the geographic information system QGIS to interface the openModeller software package. The aim is to use openModeller to generate species’ potential distribution models for various archaeological applications (site catchment analysis, for example). Since the usage of openModeller’s command-line interface and configuration files can be a bit inconvenient, an extension of the QGIS user interface to handle these tasks, in combination with the management of the geographic data, was required. The implementation was realized in Python using PyQGIS and PyQT. The plugin, in combination with QGIS, handles the tasks of managing geographical data, data conversion, generation of configuration files required by openModeller and compilation of a project folder. The plugin proved to be very helpful with the task of compiling project datasets and configuration files for multiple instances of species occurrence datasets and the overall handling of openModeller. In addition, the plugin is easily extensible to take potential new requirements into account in the future.
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Becker, Daniel, Christian Willmes, Georg Bareth, and Gerd-Christian Weniger. "A PLUGIN TO INTERFACE OPENMODELLER FROM QGIS FOR SPECIES' POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION MODELLING." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences III-7 (June 7, 2016): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iii-7-251-2016.
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This contribution describes the development of a plugin for the geographic information system QGIS to interface the openModeller software package. The aim is to use openModeller to generate species’ potential distribution models for various archaeological applications (site catchment analysis, for example). Since the usage of openModeller’s command-line interface and configuration files can be a bit inconvenient, an extension of the QGIS user interface to handle these tasks, in combination with the management of the geographic data, was required. The implementation was realized in Python using PyQGIS and PyQT. The plugin, in combination with QGIS, handles the tasks of managing geographical data, data conversion, generation of configuration files required by openModeller and compilation of a project folder. The plugin proved to be very helpful with the task of compiling project datasets and configuration files for multiple instances of species occurrence datasets and the overall handling of openModeller. In addition, the plugin is easily extensible to take potential new requirements into account in the future.
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Ma'ruf, Umar, and Muhammad Adil Aristo. "APPLICATION OF GALAWI TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT &COMMAND CENTER(GTMCC) TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OFPUBLIC SERVICES IN TEGAL POLICESTATION." Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 7, no. 1 (July 15, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v7i1.10935.
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This study aims to determine and analyze: Description GTMCC of Tegal Police Station, Factors that influence the application GTMCC of Tegal Police Station, and implementation of Galawi Traffic Management & Command Center (GTMCC) can improve the efficiency of public services at Tegal Police Station. The approach method used is empirical juridical. The data used is secondary data(legal material) and primary data, i.e. data from the field. Data were then analyzed qualitatively and presented descriptively analytically. Research conclusions: (1)GTMCC is a form of public service of the police with centralized control that will facilitate the elements of the Tegal Police Station leadership in the process of monitoring and evaluating the handling of public complaints. Applications in GTMCC consist of Sipoci, GPS, TMC, IMM, Website, and Social Media, and RLR; (2)Factors of affecting the implementation of GTMC Tegal Police consist of human factors, services, budget, and infrastructure; (3)Application GTMCC increases the efficiency of public services in the Tegal Police Station more effective access, quality services, better and more efficient processes, systems and communication, more transparent and faster decision making, and a more empowered community.
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Asakawa, Naoki, Fumitake Saegusa, and Masatoshi Hirao. "Automation of Deburring by a Material-Handling Robot —Generation of a Deburring Path Based on a Characteristic Model—." International Journal of Automation Technology 4, no. 1 (January 5, 2010): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2010.p0026.
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This study deals with the automation of deburring in press working using a material-handling robot. The robot simultaneously manipulates and deburrs a workpiece using robot control commands automatically generated. Robot control commands are generated based on environmental information — positioning of carry-in/carry-out table, tool and end effector dimensions — and CAD data using a “characteristic model” to realize robot operation suiting the working environment. The results of experiments confirm the proposal’s effectiveness in automatic deburring and material handling.
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Stagni, Federico, Andrei Tsaregorodtsev, André Sailer, and Christophe Haen. "The DIRAC interware: current, upcoming and planned capabilities and technologies." EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020): 03035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024503035.
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Efficient access to distributed computing and storage resources is mandatory for the success of current and future High Energy and Nuclear Physics Experiments. DIRAC is an interware to build and operate distributed computing systems. It provides a development framework and a rich set of services for the Workload, Data and Production Management tasks of large scientific communities. A single DIRAC installation provides a complete solution for the distributed computing of one, or more than one collaboration. The DIRAC Workload Management System (WMS) provides a transparent, uniform interface for managing computing resources. The DIRAC Data Management System (DMS) offers all the necessary tools to ensure data handling operations: it supports transparent access to storage resources based on multiple technologies, and is easily expandable. Distributed Data management can be performed, also using third party services, and operations are resilient with respect to failures. DIRAC is highly customizable and can be easily extended. For these reasons, a vast and heterogeneous set of scientific collaborations have adopted DIRAC as the base for their computing models. Users from different experiments can interact with the system in different ways, depending on their specific tasks, expertise level and previous experience using command line tools, python APIs or Web Portals. The requirements of the diverse DIRAC user communities and hosting infrastructures triggered multiple developments to improve the system usability: examples include the adoption of industry standard authorization and authentication infrastructure solutions, the management of diverse computing resources (cloud, HPC, GPGPU, etc.), the handling of high-intensity work and data flows, but also advanced monitoring and accounting using no-SQL based solutions and message queues. This contribution will highlight DIRAC’s current, upcoming and planned capabilities and technologies.
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Blower, J. D., A. B. Harrison, and K. Haines. "Styx Grid Services: Lightweight Middleware for Efficient Scientific Workflows." Scientific Programming 14, no. 3-4 (2006): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/314367.
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The service-oriented approach to performing distributed scientific research is potentially very powerful but is not yet widely used in many scientific fields. This is partly due to the technical difficulties involved in creating services and workflows and the inefficiency of many workflow systems with regard to handling large datasets. We present the Styx Grid Service, a simple system that wraps command-line programs and allows them to be run over the Internet exactly as if they were local programs. Styx Grid Services are very easy to create and use and can be composed into powerful workflows with simple shell scripts or more sophisticated graphical tools. An important feature of the system is that data can be streamed directly from service to service, significantly increasing the efficiency of workflows that use large data volumes. The status and progress of Styx Grid Services can be monitored asynchronously using a mechanism that places very few demands on firewalls. We show how Styx Grid Services can interoperate with with Web Services and WS-Resources using suitable adapters.
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Salamini, F., M. Heun, A. Brandolini, H. Özkan, and J. Wunder. "Comment on "AFLP data and the origins of domesticated crops"." Genome 47, no. 3 (June 1, 2004): 615–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g04-013.
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We review some concepts and methods of handling and using DNA fingerprinting in phylogenetic analyses related to crop domestication. Particular reference is made to AFLP markers and mode and place of einkorn, barley, and tetraploid wheat domestication in the Neolithic by human communities in the Fertile Crescent. The reconsideration of AFLP databases of domesticated and wild lines demonstrates that phylogenetic tree topologies, originally described for the three species, match closely the new results obtained by principle coordinate analyse.Key words: AFLPs, discontinuous markers, crop domestication, einkorn wheat, barley, tetraploid wheat.
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Lenz, Matthias, and Tanja Richter. "Disaster Response to the Release of Biohazardous Agents: Instrument Development and Evaluation of a Firefighter's Exercise." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 24, no. 3 (June 2009): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00006804.
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AbstractIntroduction:The release of biohazardous agents could affect many people. Preparedness is crucial for adequate responses to accidental or deliberate release of biohazardous agents. It is believed that exercises based on simulated incident scenes are effective methods for the training of firefighters and biohazard response teams. Structured evaluations are important methods used to identify areas of ineffectiveness and to assure the quality of responses to releases of biohazards.Methods:A local fire department conducted a full-scale biohazard exercise in an elementary school. The firefighters practiced prohibiting entry to the area, establishing security zones, evacuating victims, assessing hazards, preventing further dissemination, and sampling and keeping the suspicious material in safe custody.Trained observers systematically evaluated the exercise following a standardized evaluation protocol. A set of data collection templates were created based on standard operating procedures extracted from current guidelines.Results:There were 60 firefighters, eight members of the incident command, 16 simulated victims, and 18 trained observers that participated in the exercise. Out of 31 standard operating procedures, 20 were in accordance with the guidelines, 10 were performed incorrectly, and one was not applicable. Major problems related to the assessment and handling of the suspicious material, the use of protective equipment, and decontamination of victims. Reasons for incomplete and/or conflicting documentation included insufficient knowledge and training of observers, imprecise instructions about documentation, and the size of observation zones.Conclusions:Intensive education and training of response activities is necessary. Each fire department should perpetually reassess their technical equipment and specific skills and their communication and command structures. The applied documentation system performed well in disclosing discrepancies between observed response activities and current recommendations. Using external observers provided transparent and independent data. However, intensive observer training is necessary. Observer training should include detailed, written instructions and short guidelines that could be available during the exercise.
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PAUL, SANTANU, and ATUL PRAKASH. "SUPPORTING QUERIES ON SOURCE CODE: A FORMAL FRAMEWORK." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 04, no. 03 (September 1994): 325–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194094000167.
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Querying source code interactively for information is a critical task in reverse engineering of software. However, current source code query systems succeed in handling only small subsets of the wide range of queries possible on code, trading generality and expressive power for ease of implementation and practicality. We attribute this to the absence of clean formalisms for modeling and querying source code. In this paper, we present an algebraic framework (Source Code Algebra or SCA) that forms the basis of our source code query system. The benefits of using SCA include the integration of structural and flow information into a single source code data model, the ability to process high-level source code queries (command-line, graphical, relational, or pattern-based) by expressing them as equivalent SCA expressions, the use of SCA itself as a powerful low-level source code query language, and opportunities for query optimization. We present the SCA’s data model and operators and show that a variety of source code queries can be easily expressed using them. An algebraic model of source code addresses the issues of conceptual integrity, expressive power, and performance of a source code query system within a unified framework.
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Kusuma, Aji Ratna, and Paisal Akbar. "Policy Response and Collaboration in Handling Covid-19 East Kutai Regency With An Adaptive Governance Approach in Disasters." Jurnal Borneo Administrator 17, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 223–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24258/jba.v17i2.866.
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The current COVID-19 pandemic condition requires the Indonesian government to act quickly and effectively in dealing with the threat of a crisis; for this reason, the concept of adaptive governance promises a more innovative approach in an effective way to deal with a complex environment. Adaptation in governance is carried out by producing policy products that are swift, efficient, and effective in handling the COVID-19 pandemic. This research aims to find out how the local government of East Kutai Regency applies the concept of adaptive governance with the scope of policies and collaboration between parties in handling the COVID-19 Pandemic. The benefits of research will fill the space for scientific studies related to adaptive governance approaches in handling pandemics through policy products and collaboration between parties within the most basic scope, namely the East Kutai Regency level. This research is qualitative research with the descriptive method; the approach used in this research is a case study approach. For research data analysis, this study used Qualitative Data Software Analysis (QDSA) NVivo 12 Plus. The study results show that the five agencies have carried out their roles to provide adaptive governance. Of the six indicators, each agency has a different percentage level. There are tons of steps that have been taken to prevent the spread and handling of COVID-19 by the government and agencies, as well as layers of society. The involvement of Task Force Teams at all levels, the Police, Military District Commands, Community Organizations, NGOs, and Companies in assisting the prevention and handling of the COVID-19 pandemic running the East Kutai District Health Office shows a form of participation and collaboration in handling the COVID-19 pandemic health disaster. Which is an essential value in realizing adaptive governance.
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Latachi, Ibtissam, Tajjeeddine Rachidi, Mohammed Karim, and Ahmed Hanafi. "Reusable and Reliable Flight-Control Software for a Fail-Safe and Cost-Efficient Cubesat Mission: Design and Implementation." Aerospace 7, no. 10 (October 10, 2020): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace7100146.
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While there is no rigorous framework to develop nanosatellites flight software, this manuscript aimed to explore and establish processes to design a reliable and reusable flight software architecture for cost-efficient student Cubesat missions such as Masat-1. Masat-1 is a 1Unit CubeSat, developed using a systems engineering approach, off-the-shelf components and open-source software tools. It was our aim to use it as a test-bed platform and as an initial reference for Cubesat flight software development in Morocco. The command and data handling system chosen for Masat-1 is a system-on-module-embedded computer running freeRTOS. A real-time operating system was used in order to simplify the real-time onboard management. To ensure software design reliability, modularity, reusability and extensibility, our solution follows a layered service oriented architectural pattern, and it is based on a finite state machine in the application layer to execute the mission functionalities in a deterministic manner. Moreover, a client-server model was elected to ensure the inter-process communication and resources access while using uniform APIs to enhance cross-platform data exchange. A hierarchical fault tolerance architecture was also implemented after a systematic assessment of the Masat-1 mission risks using reliability block diagrams (RBDs) and functional failure mode, effect and criticality analysis (FMECA).
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Mohammad Zadeh, Parviz, and Mohadeseh Sadat Shirazi. "Multidisciplinary design optimization architecture to concurrent design of satellite systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 231, no. 10 (September 14, 2016): 1898–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410016665412.
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The design of space systems is a complex and multidisciplinary process with multiple conflicting objectives, large number of design variables, and constraints that limits application of the existing multidisciplinary design optimization architectures to this class of design problems. This paper presents an enhanced multidisciplinary design optimization architecture to concurrent holistic design optimization of a satellite system. The proposed multidisciplinary design optimization architecture extends concepts of multidiscipline feasible and bi-level integrated system synthesis into a unified architecture using metamodels. The proposed architecture was evaluated and compared with the existing multidisciplinary design optimization architectures that include all-at-once, bi-level integrated system synthesis, and multidisciplinary design optimization using a remote sensing small satellite in low earth orbit. The satellite design optimization problem deals with the minimization of the total mass of the satellite, involving disciplines of mission analysis, payload, structures, attitude determination and control, communication, command and data handling, power and thermal. The computational performance and accuracy of the proposed architecture were compared with multidisciplinary design optimization benchmark problems. Then the proposed architecture is successfully applied to the satellite system design problem. The results obtained show that metamodel-based bi-level integrated system synthesis-multidisciplinary design optimization architecture presented in this paper provides an effective way of solving large-scale design problems.
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Gunner, T. J. "Physical Behavior of Crude Oil During Transportation and Its Impact on the Carriage of Crude Oil by Sea." Marine Technology and SNAME News 39, no. 04 (October 1, 2002): 256–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2002.39.4.256.
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The content, purpose and findings of a research program undertaken between 1996 and 1999 into the behavior of crude oil during transport is reviewed. Crude oil, being the most complex liquid carried by sea, required investigation due to its behavioral characteristics that impact the efficiency of its transportation, handling and general tanker operations. The research program broke the subject matter down to the three phases of crude oil each of which, either on its own or in conjunction with other phases, creates problems onboard tankers. Clearly the three physical phases are those of the vapor, liquid and sludge phases. The program collected both data of diverse type/description from the numerous vessels participating in the program together with cargo samples of the various types of crude oil carried for each voyage. The samples were obtained at discrete points throughout the voyage and discharge of the diverse cargoes and were subsequently analyzed for their physico-chemical properties. With the analytical information of the various cargoes and the cargo and environmental reports from the vessels, researchers can gain an overview as to the diverse types of behavior occurring to the cargoes during their transportation. Subsequent empirical modeling of a proportion of the data has allowed equations to be created that would assist a vessel's command to gain an insight into cargo behavior that would assist in decision making for operational matters. This paper provides the initial information and models developed as a result of this extensive piece of data collection and work
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Nesnas, Issa A. D., Lorraine M. Fesq, and Richard A. Volpe. "Autonomy for Space Robots: Past, Present, and Future." Current Robotics Reports 2, no. 3 (June 19, 2021): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43154-021-00057-2.
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Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to highlight space autonomy advances across mission phases, capture the anticipated need for autonomy and associated rationale, assess state of the practice, and share thoughts for future advancements that could lead to a new frontier in space exploration. Recent Findings Over the past two decades, several autonomous functions and system-level capabilities have been demonstrated and used in spacecraft operations. In spite of that, spacecraft today remain largely reliant on ground in the loop to assess situations and plan next actions, using pre-scripted command sequences. Advances have been made across mission phases including spacecraft navigation; proximity operations; entry, descent, and landing; surface mobility and manipulation; and data handling. But past successful practices may not be sustainable for future exploration. The ability of ground operators to predict the outcome of their plans seriously diminishes when platforms physically interact with planetary bodies, as has been experienced in two decades of Mars surface operations. This results from uncertainties that arise due to limited knowledge, complex physical interaction with the environment, and limitations of associated models. Summary Robotics and autonomy are synergistic, wherein robotics provides flexibility, autonomy exercises it to more effectively and robustly explore unknown worlds. Such capabilities can be substantially advanced by leveraging the rapid growth in SmallSats, the relative accessibility of near-Earth objects, and the recent increase in launch opportunities.
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Borowiec, Marek L. "AMAS: a fast tool for alignment manipulation and computing of summary statistics." PeerJ 4 (January 28, 2016): e1660. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1660.
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The amount of data used in phylogenetics has grown explosively in the recent years and many phylogenies are inferred with hundreds or even thousands of loci and many taxa. These modern phylogenomic studies often entail separate analyses of each of the loci in addition to multiple analyses of subsets of genes or concatenated sequences. Computationally efficient tools for handling and computing properties of thousands of single-locus or large concatenated alignments are needed. Here I present AMAS (Alignment Manipulation And Summary), a tool that can be used either as a stand-alone command-line utility or as a Python package. AMAS works on amino acid and nucleotide alignments and combines capabilities of sequence manipulation with a function that calculates basic statistics. The manipulation functions include conversions among popular formats, concatenation, extracting sites and splitting according to a pre-defined partitioning scheme, creation of replicate data sets, and removal of taxa. The statistics calculated include the number of taxa, alignment length, total count of matrix cells, overall number of undetermined characters, percent of missing data, AT and GC contents (for DNA alignments), count and proportion of variable sites, count and proportion of parsimony informative sites, and counts of all characters relevant for a nucleotide or amino acid alphabet. AMAS is particularly suitable for very large alignments with hundreds of taxa and thousands of loci. It is computationally efficient, utilizes parallel processing, and performs better at concatenation than other popular tools. AMAS is a Python 3 program that relies solely on Python’s core modules and needs no additional dependencies. AMAS source code and manual can be downloaded fromhttp://github.com/marekborowiec/AMAS/under GNU General Public License.
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Verbruggen, Paul, and Tetty Havinga. "Introduction to the Special Issue on the Patterns of Interplay between Public and Private Food Regulation." European Journal of Risk Regulation 6, no. 4 (December 2015): 482–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00005043.
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This Special Issue aims to develop a deeper understanding of the interplay between public and private actors in the regulatory governance of food. It starts from the observation that the traditional concept of law as command-and-control legislation and law enforcement by national governmental bodies, including inspectorates and courts, is not adequate to capture today's world of food governance. Nowadays, a broad range of public and private entities acting at national and international level seek to shape and influence the production, trade and handling of food and the risks involved therein. Drawing on data from Europe and the United States, the contributions to this Special Issue seek to unravel the intimate, yet complex ties between public and private actors within governance arrangements regulating food safety and sustainability. The articles are focused around the various phases of the policy cycle for food governance, thus addressing the interaction in stages of agenda-setting and rule-making, adoption and implementation, monitoring and enforcement, and evaluation and review. In descriptive terms, each contribution lays out the ‘who’ (actors), the ‘what’ (activity), the ‘why’ (rationale) and the ‘how’ (instruments) of food governance. In evaluative terms, the papers discuss and explain the results and challenges of the design of the public private governance arrangements. Jointly, the contributions offer original and invaluable empirical insights explaining the rise, design and challenges of mixed governance arrangements in the food sector.
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Zhao, Fang, Liping Wang, Hesham Elbadrawi, and L. David Shen. "Temporal Geographic Information System and Its Application to Transportation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1593, no. 1 (January 1997): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1593-07.
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While geographic information systems (GIS) have proven to be powerful tools that are capable of storing, displaying, and analyzing spatially distributed information, current GIS lack adequate capabilities for handling temporal information. As a result, analyses are mostly performed assuming a fixed time point. Longitudinal analyses that take time into consideration cannot be easily accomplished. For many applications, information constantly changes in both space and time. A temporal GIS, one that is capable of handling temporal as well as spatial information, will greatly expand the current GIS applications and allow new information to be obtained. Some preliminary results are presented of an ongoing study of a temporal GIS. To explore the problems and potential benefits of a temporal GIS, a simple method has been developed to record the changes in spatial objects for time using personal computer ARC/INFO relational databases as well as a set of commands to query the spatiotemporal data. The use of this temporal GIS method is illustrated using an example of transit service analysis.
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Luksic, Ana Helena, Nora Nikolac Gabaj, Marijana Miler, Lora Dukic, Ana Bakliza, and Ana-Maria Simundic. "Visual assessment of hemolysis affects patient safety." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 56, no. 4 (March 28, 2018): 574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2017-0532.
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Abstract Background: Manual handling of hemolyzed samples is not standardized and is vulnerable to errors. This study aimed to evaluate laboratory errors due to manual handling of hemolyzed samples and to assess the risk they might have for patient safety. Methods: Data were retrospectively obtained from a laboratory information system for 25 emergency tests from hemolyzed samples. Hemolysis (concentration of free hemoglobin >0.5 g/L) was visually assessed by comparison with a color chart. The reference person reestimated the routinely assessed degree of hemolysis to all samples (n=3185) received in the laboratory in a 1-week period. For each test, the correct and incorrect way of handling results was determined. Risk assessment was performed according to ISO 14971 standard with five categories of risk (S1–S5) and error occurrence (O1–O5). Results: In the studied period, the emergency laboratory received 495 hemolyzed samples (15.5%) with a total of 2518 laboratory test requests (15.5%): 102 (20.6%) of the reports from hemolyzed samples had a comment on hemolysis; 31% of the test results were handled incorrectly (20.7% due to the incorrect release of the test result despite hemolysis interference and 10.3% due to unnecessary suppression), accounting for 4.8% of the total test volume. Tests with the highest combination of risk and occurrence rate were troponin T, potassium and total bilirubin. Conclusions: Manual handling of hemolyzed samples may lead to risk of errors in reporting results for troponin T, potassium and total bilirubin, which may have an effect on clinical decision. In addition, unnecessary suppression of the sample results unaffected by hemolysis could affect patient outcome.
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Ramos, Joao, and Sangbae Kim. "Dynamic locomotion synchronization of bipedal robot and human operator via bilateral feedback teleoperation." Science Robotics 4, no. 35 (October 30, 2019): eaav4282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.aav4282.
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Despite remarkable progress in artificial intelligence, autonomous humanoid robots are still far from matching human-level manipulation and locomotion proficiency in real applications. Proficient robots would be ideal first responders to dangerous scenarios such as natural or man-made disasters. When handling these situations, robots must be capable of navigating highly unstructured terrain and dexterously interacting with objects designed for human workers. To create humanoid machines with human-level motor skills, in this work, we use whole-body teleoperation to leverage human control intelligence to command the locomotion of a bipedal robot. The challenge of this strategy lies in properly mapping human body motion to the machine while simultaneously informing the operator how closely the robot is reproducing the movement. Therefore, we propose a solution for this bilateral feedback policy to control a bipedal robot to take steps, jump, and walk in synchrony with a human operator. Such dynamic synchronization was achieved by (i) scaling the core components of human locomotion data to robot proportions in real time and (ii) applying feedback forces to the operator that are proportional to the relative velocity between human and robot. Human motion was sped up to match a faster robot, or drag was generated to synchronize the operator with a slower robot. Here, we focused on the frontal plane dynamics and stabilized the robot in the sagittal plane using an external gantry. These results represent a fundamental solution to seamlessly combine human innate motor control proficiency with the physical endurance and strength of humanoid robots.
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Taufik, Muhammad, Wahyudi Hasbi, and Abdul Karim. "IN-ORBIT IMPLEMENTATION OF ERROR PATCHING METHODS FOR LAPAN-A3/IPB OBDH FIRMWARE SYSTEM." Jurnal Teknologi Dirgantara 17, no. 1 (June 21, 2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/j.jtd.2019.v17.a3012.
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ABSTRACTOBDH (On-board data handling) is a satellite subsystem that receives, processes, decides and executes commands from and to satellites. OBDH is built on two systems namely hardware and software integrated system (firmware system). In terms of hardware, OBDH uses a processor with 32bit RISC architecture, 128/256 Kbyte internal memory and a firmware system that is built using primitive programming. This programming uses the super loop architecture program and interrupt to manage the system to function properly. Problems occur when an error occurs in one of the functions in the interrupt routine resulting in failure of interpretation of commands or data from satellite sensors. This paper describes the implementation of the error patching methods on the LAPAN-A3/IPB Satellite OBDH firmware system in order to keep the system working well. Initial verification through testing on the ground have been successfully performed using engineering model of OBDH and hardware in the loop simulators (HWIL) module. Based on the test results, implementation on satellite has also been successfully done.ABSTRAKOBDH (On-board data handling) merupakan salah satu subsistem satelit yang berfungsi menerima, mengolah, mengambil keputusan dan mengeksekusi perintah dari dan ke satelit. OBDH dibangun berdasarkan dua buah sistem yaitu sistem perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak yang terintegrasi (sistem firmware). Dari sisi perangkat keras, OBDH menggunakan prosesor dengan arsitektur 32bit RISC, 128/256 Kbyte memori internal, dan sistem firmware yang dibangun menggunakan pemrograman primitif. Pemrograman ini menggunakan arsitektur program super loop dan interrupt untuk mengelola sistem agar dapat berfungsi dengan baik. Permasalahan terjadi ketika terjadi kesalahan pada salah satu fungsi pada rutin interrupt sehingga mengakibatkan kegagalan interpretasi perintah atau data dari sensor satelit. Paper ini menjelaskan mengenai implementasi metode penambalan kesalahan pada sistem firmware OBDH satelit LAPAN-A3/IPB yang bertujuan untuk menjaga agar sistem tetap bekerja dengan baik. Verifikasi awal melalui pengujian telah berhasil dilakukan mengunakan engineering model OBDH dan modul hardware in the loop simulators (HWIL). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, implementasi pada satelit juga telah sukses dilakukan.
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Togashi, Fumiya, Takashi Misaka, Rainald Löhner, and Shigeru Obayashi. "Using ensemble Kalman filter to determine parameters for computational crowd dynamics simulations." Engineering Computations 35, no. 7 (October 1, 2018): 2612–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-03-2018-0115.
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Purpose It is of paramount importance to ensure safe and fast evacuation routes in cities in case of natural disasters, environmental accidents or acts of terrorism. The same applies to large-scale events such as concerts, sport events and religious pilgrimages as airports and to traffic hubs such as airports and train stations. The prediction of pedestrian is notoriously difficult because it varies depending on circumstances (age group, cultural characteristics, etc.). In this study, the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) data assimilation technique, which uses the updated observation data to improve the accuracy of the simulation, was applied to improve the accuracy of numerical simulations of pedestrian flow. Design/methodology/approach The EnKF, one of the data assimilation techniques, was applied to the in-house numerical simulation code for pedestrian flow. Two cases were studied in this study. One was the simplified one-directional experimental pedestrian flow. The other was the real pedestrian flow at the Kaaba in Mecca. First, numerical simulations were conducted using the empirical input parameter sets. Then, using the observation data, the EnKF estimated the appropriate input parameter sets. Finally, the numerical simulations using the estimated parameter sets were conducted. Findings The EnKF worked on the numerical simulations of pedestrian flow very effectively. In both cases: simplified experiment and real pedestrian flow, the EnKF estimated the proper input parameter sets which greatly improved the accuracy of the numerical simulation. The authors believe that the technique such as EnKF could also be used effectively in other fields of computational engineering where simulations and data have to be merged. Practical implications This technique can be used to improve both design and operational implementations of pedestrian and crowd dynamics predictions. It should be of high interest to command and control centers for large crowd events such as concerts, airports, train stations and pilgrimage centers. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, the data assimilation technique has not been applied to a numerical simulation of pedestrian flow, especially to the real pedestrian flow handling millions pedestrian such as the Mataf at the Kaaba. This study validated the capability and the usefulness of the data assimilation technique to numerical simulations for pedestrian flow.
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Bankole, Taofik Olatunji, and Glory Urhere. "Are contextual influences and statutory law empathy impetuses to police attitude to domestic violence against women in Lagos State?" Social Work and Social Welfare 3, no. 2 (2021): 134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/swsw.2021.02.001.
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The Lagos State Statutory (Protection against Domestic Violence) Law was enacted on March 18, 2007 to protect inhabitants of the State against all forms of domestic violence. In spite of the enactment of this law, many inhabitants of Lagos State are still imperiled to emotional, psychological and physical traumas arising from domestic violence. This study validated contextual influences and the understanding of statutory law protecting women against domestic violence in Lagos State. Contextual influences were captured as socio-demographic characteristics, sociocultural and economic factors. The study adopted the quantitative cross-sectional research design method. Information was sourced randomly among police personnel across Police Divisions within the State Police Command from July to November, 2019. The Fishers sampling technique was employed to arrive at a sample size of 312 from a total population of 1650 police personnel in Lagos State. Stata version 14 was used in data analysis. The results showed that a biased approach to domestic violence against women was higher among male (87%) than female (13%) police personnel. A biased approach to domestic violence against women was higher among non-commissioned (65.2%) than commissioned (34.5%) police personnel. Contextual influences such as sociodemographic, sociocultural and economic factors, as well as police understanding of statutory law against domestic violence were found to be significantly associated with police approach to domestic violence against women in Lagos State. The study concluded that the enactment of the protection against violence law was an appropriate measure to addressing domestic violence, still, the police need to be more proactive and unbiased in handling reported cases of domestic violence against women in the State.
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Liu, Zhishuo, Qianhui Shen, Jingmiao Ma, and Ziqi Dong. "Research on comment target extracting in Chinese online shopping platform." International Journal of Crowd Science 2, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcs-09-2018-0019.
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Purpose This paper aims to extract the comment targets in Chinese online shopping platform. Design/methodology/approach The authors first collect the comment texts, word segmentation, part-of-speech (POS) tagging and extracted feature words twice. Then they cluster the evaluation sentence and find the association rules between the evaluation words and the evaluation object. At the same time, they establish the association rule table. Finally, the authors can mine the evaluation object of comment sentence according to the evaluation word and the association rule table. At last, they obtain comment data from Taobao and demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper is effective by experiment. Findings The extracting comment target method the authors proposed in this paper is effective. Research limitations/implications First, the study object of extracting implicit features is review clauses, and not considering the context information, which may affect the accuracy of the feature excavation to a certain degree. Second, when extracting feature words, the low-frequency feature words are not considered, but some low-frequency feature words also contain effective information. Practical implications Because of the mass online reviews data, reading every comment one by one is impossible. Therefore, it is important that research on handling product comments and present useful or interest comments for clients. Originality/value The extracting comment target method the authors proposed in this paper is effective.
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Margono, Margono, Robiul Fitri Masithoh, and Priyo Priyo. "Preparedness prevention of Covid-19 Muhammadiyah residents in Magelang, Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Keperawatan 16, no. 2 (December 11, 2020): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.26753/jikk.v16i2.492.
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Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) is a virus that is still related to the cause of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) which still has an RNA chain that mutates faster than DNA. World Health Organization (WHO) said that until July 26 2020 the number of people infected with the virus were 15,785,641 people. From the data, Indonesia ranked 24th with 97,286 positive cases and 4,714 people died. The data shows that Indonesia is higher than China as the country of origin of this virus began to be found. Indonesia implemented several policies in the fields of law, health and economics to deal with the Covid-19 outbreak. The Ministry of Health issued a regulation derived from PP21 / 20, namely Minister of Health Regulation No. 9 of 2020 concerning Large Scale Limitation Guidelines (PSBB). Muhammadiyah as a social organization through the One Muhammadiyah One Response (OMOR) program in handling coviders formed the Muhmmadiyah Covid-19 Command Center (MCCC) team to contribute to the prevention of covid-19 transmission that had been formed up to the Regional level. In addition to providing care for Covid-19 patients through Muhamamdiyah and Aisyah hospitals, MCCC also prepared the community to be prepared to face the Covid-19 pandemic. In Magelang regency, up to 27 July, PDP recorded 42 deaths, positive confirmation died 6 people and confirmed 7 people were treated. Therefore the importance of community preparedness to prevent Covid-19 transmission. Method: this research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive type. This research uses a survey method with questionnaire technique. Respondents in this study were 100 people. The results of this study indicate that residents of Muhamamdiyah in Magelang District 89% of respondents have received co-19 prevention information from MCCC, 59% showed understanding of the information provided, applying health protocols with 92% hand washing habits, doing 88% exercise, habit using masks 93 %, keep a distance of 98%, use hand sanitizer 86%, maintain a 96% sneezing ethic, able to manage stress 71%, and consume nutritious food 76%
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Ilie, Constantin Ovidiu, Dănuț Grosu, Oana Mocian, Florin Constantin-Oloeriu, and Valentin Vânturiș. "Theoretical and Experimental Research on Sequential RPP Manipulator." Advanced Materials Research 1036 (October 2014): 726–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1036.726.
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The paper deals with the analysis of a RPP sequential manipulator designed to be used for handling different loads, bringing them to a preset position. This manipulator is used to automating the store and transfer loads for improving working condition, avoid using human operations that require low-skills and reducing the risk of accidents. In the beginning, we performed a structural analysis of the manipulator. It has all the features of any industrial robots. Afterwards, we carried out a study of kinematics and dynamics for this RPP manipulator, using a simulation software package. The simulation results can be used for various purposes such as: trajectory calculation of characteristic point depending of variable couplings; determining whether to change the parameters of particular joint for achieving a certain trajectory of characteristic point; finding the force needed in joints to achieve a certain end-effectors trajectory; finding the kinematics of joint according to the driving force. This study is necessary to command and control system in order to obtain the desired motion. It also allows the choice of actuators of the manipulators. An experimental research was further conducted with the main goal to determine the motion law for the manipulator cinematic joints. We used Hottinger equipment consisting of transducers, amplifiers and a computer, using a parallel connection, data acquisition, type system. Eventually, with respect to the simulation and experimental research, we provide an algorithm for analyzing a sequential manipulator. It can be used to determine the forces that should act within the cinematic joints in order to get a certain trajectory of a characteristic point (that allows choosing the driving system during the design phase of manipulators or checking the driving system if the manipulator is already manufactured).
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Titova, Tamila, and Oksana Pokrovskaya. "Organization of rairoad storage-retrieval systems." Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University, no. 3 (September 20, 2018): 327–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2018-3-327-343.
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Objective: To develop a conceptually basic framework for organizing railroad storage-retrieval systems. Methods: Analytical method was applied. Results: A brief analysis of literature references, dedicated to the problems of organizing transportation process by means of railroad transport, was carried out. The conceptual framework of storage-retrieval systems was justified. It was demonstrated that the delivery system might be regarded as a storage-retrieval system. Features of scientific novelty as well as aspects of practical application of the results were pointed out. Conceptual content of the suggested storage-retrieval delivery system of highly-profitable freight for integrated transport and logistic customer service was described. Typical charts of organizing transportation process with the use of storage-retrieval systems were developed and displayed in graph form. A mathematical economic model designed to assess the structure of terminal network was presented. Efficiency of the model in question was studied through the example of the Novosibirsk transportation hub. Parameters of freight delivery were calculated by the principle “from a logistical object to a logistical object” according to the current chart and those being developed. The results of conducted calculations for the current logistical object, located at the station K, were presented in figures and comparative tables according to different delivery options. Calculation data of economic efficiency of the proposal showed that OAO Russian Railways will restore the profit lost from client attrition, that command the services of private logistical objects in places of uncommon use, by means of generating its own terminal network for handling a range of unitized cargo at baseline freight stations and providing clients with a wide range of additional services. Practical importance: Application of proposals in OAO “Russian Railways” transport and logistical business will make it possible to improve cost-effectiveness of Russian Railways Holding Company operation by developing client-centeredness and integrity of the implemented service.
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Mirshams, Mehran, and Ehsan Zabihian. "FADSat: A system engineering tool for the conceptual design of geostationary Earth orbit satellites platform." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 233, no. 6 (May 3, 2018): 2152–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410018773634.
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With regard to the increasing use of satellites platform in the geostationary orbit, a system engineering tool, FADSat, has been developed to reduce the prohibitive cost and time of their conceptual design phase. The proposed tool effectively conducts the design of the geostationary Earth orbit satellite platform lying in the mass range of 1–7000 kg. The main feature of the FADSat is to determine the conceptual design of the satellite platform with both high time performance and acceptable accuracy. Using this tool, one can readily extract the characteristics of the structure, attitude determination and control, command and data handling, electrical power, and other subsystems of a satellite. The FADSat exploits a statistical design model in the first instance to yield a rough estimation of the satellite design, i.e. a rapid extraction of the budgets for mass, power, and dimensions of the satellite subsystems as well as the cost of the satellite. Then, using a parametric design model approach, it performs subsystems design more accurately and ascertains their component specifications in terms of a catalog of products with corresponding manufacturers. A database of 462 geostationary Earth orbit communication satellites (with 30 different geostationary Earth orbit satellites platforms (launched from 2000 to 2017 has been used in this paper to implement the statistical design model approach. This tool developed in the LabVIEW software is capable of contributing to the satellite production phases as a connection to the hardware simulators of different subsystems. Herein, after describing the general concepts utilized in the satellite design, we have introduced various parts and relations of the FADSat tool. The tool’s accuracy was amply verified through flight prototypes, indicating an average error of 15% in the obtained results.
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Mairittha, Tittaya, Nattaya Mairittha, and Sozo Inoue. "Evaluating a Spoken Dialogue System for Recording Systems of Nursing Care." Sensors 19, no. 17 (August 29, 2019): 3736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19173736.
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Integrating speech recondition technology into an electronic health record (EHR) has been studied in recent years. However, the full adoption of the system still faces challenges such as handling speech errors, transforming raw data into an understandable format and controlling the transition from one field to the next field with speech commands. To reduce errors, cost, and documentation time, we propose a dialogue system care record (DSCR) based on a smartphone for nursing documentation. We describe the effects of DSCR on (1) documentation speed, (2) document accuracy and (3) user satisfaction. We tested the application with 12 participants to examine the usability and feasibility of DSCR. The evaluation shows that DSCR can collect data efficiently by achieving 96% of documentation accuracy. Average documentation speed was increased by 15% (P = 0.012) compared to traditional electronic forms (e-forms). The participants’ average satisfaction rating was 4.8 using DSCR compared to 3.6 using e-forms on a scale of 1–5 (P = 0.032).
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Kramer, G. W. "Integrating laboratory robots with analytical instruments--must it really be so difficult?" Clinical Chemistry 36, no. 9 (September 1, 1990): 1556–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/36.9.1556.
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Abstract Creating a reliable system from discrete laboratory instruments is often a task fraught with difficulties. While many modern analytical instruments are marvels of detection and data handling, attempts to create automated analytical systems incorporating such instruments are often frustrated by their human-oriented control structures and their egocentricity. The laboratory robot, while fully susceptible to these problems, extends such compatibility issues to the physical dimensions involving sample interchange, manipulation, and event timing. The workcell concept was conceived to describe the procedure and equipment necessary to carry out a single task during sample preparation. This notion can be extended to organize all operations in an automated system. Each workcell, no matter how complex its local repertoire of functions, must be minimally capable of accepting information (commands, data), returning information on demand (status, results), and being started, stopped, and reset by a higher level device. Even the system controller should have a mode where it can be directed by instructions from a higher level.
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Zhulidov, Alexander V., Vladimir V. Khlobystov, Richard D. Robarts, and Dmitry F. Pavlov. "Critical analysis of water quality monitoring in the Russian Federation and former Soviet Union." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, no. 9 (September 1, 2000): 1932–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f00-140.
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Water quality in Russia has both domestic and international consequences. Domestically, it allows for appropriate management of aquatic systems; internationally, surface flow from present Russian and former Soviet Union territory into international waters (e.g., Arctic Ocean and Aral, Black, and Caspian seas) has important implications for global contamination levels and for developing future management plans. Although during the Soviet era the Russian water quality monitoring network was one of the most extensive in the world, numerous anomalies identified in Russian data by domestic and foreign scientists have been referred to the authors for comment. A holistic assessment of the purpose and current status of the Russian water quality monitoring program is essential because of the difficulty that "outsiders" have in obtaining unbiased information about the program and because this is the principal historical database on water quality that is available for the former U.S.S.R. and Russian Federation. Apart from chronic underfunding, the main problems that need to be addressed are poor functioning of the system, including network design, choice of parameters, sample collection, analytical conditions and data quality, data handling, data products, and issues of access, and the larger question of institutionalized flexibility required to meet local data needs.
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Mahajan, Charu, Girija Rath, Manish Sharma, Surya Dube, Vanitha Rajagopalan, and Parmod Bithal. "Rate and reasons for elective ventilation in patients undergoing intracranial tumour surgery." Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care 01, no. 02 (May 2014): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2348-0548.130396.
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Abstract Background: Mechanical ventilation (MV) after neurosurgery is often decided by the preoperative neurological status of the patient. However, there is paucity of information regarding factors responsible for continuation of MV in these patients. This study was carried out to identify the indications and risk factors for elective ventilation after intracranial tumour surgery. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out on consecutive adult patients who underwent elective craniotomy for tumour excision, and postoperatively required MV. Data on anaesthesia technique, duration of anaesthesia and surgery, blood loss and transfusion and volume of fluids infused were noted. Intraoperative complications like tight brain, massive blood loss, brainstem handling, cranial nerve handling, haemodynamic instability, cardiac arrhythmias, venous air embolism, electrolyte abnormality and hypothermia were also recorded. Statistical analysis was done using Strata 9.0 software. Categorical data was analysed using Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and continuous data by Student's t-test. Results: A total of 709 patients enrolled for the study over a period of one year out of which 347 patients (48.9%) required continuation of MV during the postoperative period. The mean duration of MV was 29.7 ± 39.7 hrs. The most common causes for postoperative MV were ‘not responding to commands’ (43.2%), and neurosurgeon's advice (41.8%). The mean ICU and hospital stays were 92.2 ± 134.0 hrs and 13.8 ± 16.5 days, respectively. 47.6% of patients who required postoperative MV on neurosurgeon's advice developed complications whereas it was 33.2% for those ventilated other reasons (P < 0.05). Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at discharge was poor in 12.4%. On multivariate analysis, intraoperative blood transfusion, tracheostomy and duration of ventilation more than 48 hrs were the independent risk factors associated with poor outcome. Conclusions: Although the neurosurgeon's advice for elective ventilation should not be ignored, but prolonged and avoidable MV may exacerbate the postoperative morbidities apart from increasing the cost of treatment. Hence, a complete understanding of intraoperative events, cerebral physiology and various factors influencing it during the perioperative period may not be overemphasised.
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Theodore, Colin R., Carlos A. Malpica, Christopher L. Blanken, Mark B. Tischler, Tom Berger, Ben Lawrence, and James E. Lindsey. "Effect of Control System Augmentation on Handling Qualities and Task Performance in Good and Degraded Visual Environments." Journal of the American Helicopter Society 65, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/jahs.65.042007.
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An experiment in the NASA-Ames Vertical Motion Simulator examined and quantified the effects of limited-authority control system augmentation on handling qualities and task performance in varying visual environments. The simulated vehicle was the OH-58D with similar characteristics to the Bell 407 civilian helicopter often used for emergency medical services. The control systems investigated were a baseline rate command system, a short-term attitude command/attitude hold system, a "modernized control laws" system that provides an attitude command/attitude hold control response type, and modernized control laws with a position hold function. Evaluation tasks included a number of ADS-33 mission task elements, as well as a proposed emergency medical services task consisting of an approach and landing at a minimally prepared landing site. Degraded visual environments were simulated with an unaided night scene and using night vision goggles. Results showed that handling qualities ratings were improved with a control system providing short-term attitude response over a rate command system, although the improvements were not sufficient to produce Level 1 handling qualities in degraded visual environments. Using modernized control laws showed that borderline Level 1 handling qualities could be achieved in degraded visual environments using a 10% authority stability augmentation system.
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Darmawan, Ricky. "PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP MALPRAKTEK DOKTER YANG MELAKUKAN ABORSI (STUDI PUTUSAN NO.288/PID.SUS/2018/PN. NJK)." El-Iqthisadi : Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum 2, no. 2 (June 19, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/el-iqthisadi.v2i2.13999.
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AbstractMedical actions by doctors who act not in accordance with the rules and applicable moral ethics are now beginning to emerge frequently. At this time, the problem of malpractice in health services began to be discussed by various groups in the community. This can be seen from the many indictments of malpractice cases submitted by the public about the profession of doctors who in carrying out their duties have committed wrong actions that result in losses resulting in death or disability. Medical malpractice, this is related to the task of the doctor or medical personnel under his command intentionally or negligence to do something (active or passive). The problem that the writer takes here is that the malpractice case which the writer carefully sourced from the decision of Nganjuk District Court No.288 / Pid.sus / 2018 / PN NJK, The theory used in this research is the theory of law enforcement. While the method used is empirical juridical legal research, where in analyzing the problem carried out by the method of combining legal materials (Decisions) with primary data obtained in the field. The output of this paper is that the handling of malpractice cases by doctors without the need for procedures according to medical regulations needs to be considered.Keywords: Abortion, Doctors, Law Enforcement, Malpractice.AbstrakTindakan medis oleh dokter yang bertindak tidak sesuai dengan aturan dan etika moral yang berlaku ini kini mulai sering muncul. Pada saat ini, masalah malpraktik pelayanan kesehatan mulai dibicarakan oleh berbagai kalangan dalam masyarakat. Hal itu terlihat dari banyaknya dakwaan kasus malpraktik yang disampaikan oleh masyarakat tentang profesi dokter yang dalam melakukan tugasnya telah melakukan tindakan yang salah yang menimbulkan kerugian yang berujung pada kematian atau cacat. Malpraktik medik, hal ini berkaitan tugas dokter atau tenaga medis yang ada di bawah perintahnya dengan sengaja atau kelalaian melakukan perbuatan (aktif atau pasif). Permasalahan yang penulis ambil disini dimana Kasus malpraktek yang penulis teliti bersumber pada putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nganjuk No.288/Pid.sus/2018/PN NJK, Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah teori penegakan hukum. Sementara metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum yuridis empiris, dimana dalam menganalisis permasalahan dilakukan dengan metode memadukan bahan-bahan hukum (Putusan) dengan data primer yang diperoleh di lapangan. Adapun output dari tulisan ini, bahwa penanganan perkara malpraktek dokter yang diilakukan dokter tanpa danya prosedur sesuai aturan medis perlu di perhatikan.Kata kunci : Aborsi, Dokter, Malpraktek,Penegakan Hukum.
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Steer, A. J. "Supersonic transport aircraft longitudinal flight control law design." Aeronautical Journal 108, no. 1084 (June 2004): 319–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000192400000018x.
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Abstract Modern civil transport aircraft utilise increasingly complex command and stability augmentation systems to restore stability, optimise aerodynamic performance and provide the pilot with the optimum handling qualities. Provided it has sufficient control power a second generation fly-by-wire supersonic transport aircraft should be capable of exhibiting similarly desirable low-speed handling qualities. However, successful flight control law design requires identification of the ideal command response type for a particular phase of flight, a set of valid handling quality design criteria and piloted simulation evaluation tasks and metrics. A non-linear mathematical model of the European supersonic transport aircraft has been synthesized on the final approach to land. Specific handling quality design criteria have been proposed to enable the non-linear dynamic inversion flight control laws to be designed, with piloted simulation used for validation. A pitch rate command system, with dynamics matched to the aircraft’s flight path response, will consistently provide Level 1 handling qualities. Nevertheless, pre-filtering the pilot’s input to provide a second order pitch rate response, using the author’s suggested revised constraints on the control anticipation parameter will generate the best handling qualities during the terminal phase of flight. The resulting pre-filter can be easily applied to non-linear dynamic inversion inner loop controllers and has simple and flight proven sensor requirements.
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Yakubu, Samaila. "Speech Act Analysis of the Dialogues in Henshaw’s This Is Our Chance." Journal of Critical Studies in Language and Literature 2, no. 3 (March 29, 2021): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46809/jcsll.v2i3.66.
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Speech act analysis is an act of investigating how utterances not only disseminate information but perform actions as well. Dialogues in Henshaw’s This Is Our Chance are not only employed to exchange information about animosity between the people of Koloro Village and the people of Udura Village but to take actions on matters that involved the two neighbouring villages. The present paper seeks to explore the dialogues in the above mentioned text to see how they have been used. The paper adopts speech act theory of J. L. Austin which was later developed by J. R. Searle. The data for the study were analysed based on speech act theory. Components of directive speech act such as commands and questions are used extensively in the text while those like requests, advice, directives and warnings are used insignificantly; constituents of representative speech act, namely, statements and reports run throughout the text; elements of expressive speech act such as complaints and appreciations are found in the text; declaration speech acts, and constituent of commissive speech act such as promise are used scantly in the text. The study concludes that speech act theory is the most appropriate instrument for handling civil conflict.