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Zheng, Hong, Yue Lei Shi, and Hang Hui Zhang. "Continuous PWM Modulation Strategy for NPC/H and H Bridge Hybrid Multilevel Converter." Advanced Materials Research 748 (August 2013): 510–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.748.510.
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f the ratio of NPC/H and H bridge hybrid multilevel converters DC supply voltage changed, the output voltage PWM waveform will be discontinuous. Thus an improved topology and control strategy is proposed. In new method, master converter operates at the fundamental frequency based on command voltage, slave converter adopts carrier phase shifted PWM technology (CPS-SPWM) at a higher frequency to enhance the quality of output voltage waveform. The amplitude of command voltage is higher than output voltage amplitude of the master converter at any time, to ensure that output voltage variation of both converters keeps in the same direction without any current flow backwards. Matlab simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and topology.
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Huang, Si Jun. "MPEG digital storage media (DSM) control command." Signal Processing: Image Communication 6, no. 6 (1995): 521–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0923-5965(94)00035-h.
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Silva, Carolina Gomes da, Luma da Silva Miranda, Manuella Carnaval, and Claudia de Souza Cunha. "command intonation in Brazilian Portuguese: a dialectal description from ALiB corpus." Journal of Speech Sciences 5, no. 2 (2021): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/joss.v5i2.15063.
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In this paper, we described the command intonational contours in the twenty-five Brazilian capitals included in the corpus “Linguistic Atlas of Brazil” (ALiB). This work aims at: (i) describing the intonational contour of twenty-five capitals from the corpus ALiB; (ii) comparing the intonation of the directive speech acts in the five Brazilian regions and (iii) proposing a phonological representation of the variation of this contour. Our corpus is composed of fifty imperative utterances produced by male and female speakers of the analyzed capitals. We observed that there is a predominance of a rising F0 movement in the prenucleus of the command contours with the phonological notation L*+H or L+H* in the twentyfive Brazilian capitals. In the nuclear position, the pitch accent can be defined for the majority of the capitals as H+L*L%, a falling F0 movement, with the variant H*L% for the capital Belém (PA). The capital that presented a different F0 movement in the nucleus was Florianópolis (SC) that showed the predominance of a rising-falling F0 movement represented as L+H*L%.
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Gadewadikar, J., Frank Lewis, Kamesh Subbarao, and Ben M. Chen. "Structured H-Infinity Command and Control-Loop Design for Unmanned Helicopters." Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 31, no. 4 (2008): 1093–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.31377.
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HELTON, J. WILLIAM, MICHAEL L. WALKER, and WEI ZHAN. "H∞ control of systems with compensators which read the command signal." International Journal of Control 64, no. 1 (1996): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207179608921614.
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Glester, Andrew. "Commanding missions, making history." Physics World 35, no. 6 (2022): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/35/06/30.
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Stumpff Morrison, Andrew. "Law Is the Command of the Sovereign: H. L. A. Hart Reconsidered." Ratio Juris 29, no. 3 (2016): 364–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/raju.12133.
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Behrens, Roy R. "Abbott H. Thayer's Anticipation of a Computer-Based Method of Working." Leonardo 34, no. 1 (2001): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002409401300052433.
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This article describes the practice of Abbott H. Thayer (1849-1921) of working on several copies of the same painting, taking each to a different conclusion. It compares that method to the cur-rent computer-based practice of using the SAVE AS command to create copies of a digital artwork or design, which can then also be taken to different conclusions.
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Van Ee, Joshua J. "“You Shall Be Holy”: A Reassessment of Israel’s Call to Holiness." Journal of Biblical Literature 143, no. 4 (2024): 563–81. https://doi.org/10.15699/jbl.1434.2024.1.
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Abstract The command “you shall be holy” (Lev 11:44, 45; 19:2; 20:7, 26; Num 15:40) figures into scholarly views on holiness and source criticism. It has been interpreted as evidence for a dynamic view of holiness and as implying that Israel is not presently holy but needs to become holy. The call for Israel to be holy has also been identified as a distinguishing feature of H, a posited strata within the Priestly source. In this article, I examine phrases in the priestly writings that contain verbal uses of קדש and predicate uses of both the nominal and adjectival forms of קדש to demonstrate that the parallel phrases to Israel’s call to holiness center on treating persons and things that are holy as holy, that is, according to God’s commands regarding their holiness. I also examine motive clauses that assume Israel’s present holiness. Thus, the call for Israel to be holy is not a command to make themselves holy but to act as holy, an exhortation to obedience, assuming their present holiness brought about by God through the exodus. Israel’s call to holiness does not imply a unique view of holiness; instead, Israel’s holiness, while distinct from the cultic holiness of the priests and the sanctuary, shares the same basic definition—a status of association with God with an accompanying standard to be kept.
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Guinea-Martin, Daniel, and Ricardo Mora. "Computing decomposable multigroup indices of segregation." Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 22, no. 3 (2022): 521–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x221124471.
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Eight multigroup segregation indices are decomposable into a between and a within term. They are two versions of 1) the mutual information index, 2) the symmetric Atkinson index, 3) the relative diversity index, and 4) Theil’s H index. In this article, we present the command dseg, which obtains all of them. It contributes to the stock of segregation commands in Stata by 1) implementing the decomposition in a single call, 2) providing the weights and local indices used in the computation of the within term, 3) facilitating the deployment of the decomposability properties of the eight indices in complex scenarios that demand tailor-made solutions, and 4) leveraging sample data with bootstrapping and approximate randomization tests. We analyze 2017 census data of public schools in the United States to illustrate the use of dseg. The subject topic is school racial segregation.
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Aboulem, Salma, Abderrahim EL-Amrani, and Ismail Boumhidi. "Finite frequency H∞ control for wind turbine systems in T-S form." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, no. 3 (2020): 1313. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i3.pp1313-1322.
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In this work, we study H<sub>∞</sub> control wind turbine fuzzy model for finite frequency(FF) interval. Less conservative results are obtained by using Finsler’s lemma technique, generalized Kalman Yakubovich Popov (gKYP), linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach and added several separate parameters, these conditions are given in terms of LMI which can be efficiently solved numerically for the problem that such fuzzy systems are admissible with H∞ disturbance attenuation level. The FF H∞ performance approach allows the state feedback command in a specific interval, the simulation example is given to validate our results.
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Salma, Aboulem, El-Amrani Abderrahim, and Boumhidi Ismail. "Finite frequency H∞ control for wind turbine systems in T-S form." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System (IJPEDS) 11, no. 3 (2020): 1313–22. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i3.pp1313-1322.
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In this work, we study H<sub>∞</sub> control wind turbine fuzzy model for finite frequency (FF) interval. Less conservative results are obtained by using Finsler’s lemma technique, generalized Kalman Yakubovich Popov (gKYP), linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach and added several separate parameters, these conditions are given in terms of LMI which can be efficiently solved numerically for the problem that such fuzzy systems are admissible with H<sub>∞</sub> disturbance attenuation level. The FF H<sub>∞</sub> performance approach allows the state feedback command in a specific interval, the simulation example is given to validate our results.
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CHEN, Mou. "Design of H∞ Flight Controller for Fighter under Tactical Data-link Command." Acta Automatica Sinica 34, no. 2 (2009): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1004.2008.00211.
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Yan, Xunliang, Peichen Wang, Shaokang Xu, Shumei Wang, and Hao Jiang. "Adaptive Entry Guidance for Hypersonic Gliding Vehicles Using Analytic Feedback Control." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2020 (November 17, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8874251.
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This paper presents an adaptive, simple, and effective guidance approach for hypersonic entry vehicles with high lift-to-drag (L/D) ratios (e.g., hypersonic gliding vehicles). The core of the constrained guidance approach is a closed-form, easily obtained, and computationally efficient feedback control law that yields the analytic bank command based on the well-known quasi-equilibrium glide condition (QEGC). The magnitude of the bank angle command consists of two parts, i.e., the baseline part and the augmented part, which are calculated analytically and successively. The baseline command is derived from the analytic relation between the range-to-go and the velocity to guarantee the range requirement. Then, the bank angle is augmented with the predictive altitude-rate feedback compensations that are represented by an analytic set of flight path angle needed for the terminal constraints. The inequality path constraints in the velocity-altitude space are translated into the velocity-dependent bounds for the magnitude of the bank angle based on the QEGC. The sign of the bank command is also analytically determined using an automated bank-reversal logic based on the dynamic adjustment criteria. Finally, a feasible three-degree-of-freedom (3DOF) entry flight trajectory is simultaneously generated by integrating with the real-time updated command. Because no iterations and no or few off-line parameter adjustments are required using almost all analytic processing, the algorithm provides remarkable simplicity, rapidity, and adaptability. A considerable range of entry flights using the vehicle data of the CAV-H is tested. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the presented approach.
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Nurshabrina, Qonita. "Dakwah Nabi Nuh ‘Alaihissalam: Studi Tafsir Tematik Dakwah Nabi Nuh dalam Surat Nuh." Ulumul Qur'an: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Al-Qur'an dan Tafsir 1, no. 1 (2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.58404/uq.v1i1.9.
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This study aims to examine the concept of da'wah carried out by the Prophet Noah AS which is enshrined in the sura>h Nu> h. In this study, the authors used library research by collecting the da'wah verses contained in the sura>h Nu> h} and then analyzing them by referring to the interpretation literature and books related to the research theme. In conclusion, there are at least four messages of the Prophet Nu> h} that are contained in sura>h Nu> h }, namely the command to worship and be devout to Allah SWT, to always do istighfar for all the sins that have been committed, to meditate on creation and the blessings that Allah has given, the last is to always pray for the goodness of others, especially parents.
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Stoica, Adrian Mihail, and Laura Mujdei. "A Mixed H2/H∞ Jump Markovian Design Approach for the Automatic Flight Control System of an Unmanned Airship." Applied Mechanics and Materials 811 (November 2015): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.811.179.
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This paper presents a design methodology for the heading control system of an unmanned airship. Since the aircraft motion depends both on deterministic command signals required for tracking a desired path and on random exogenous inputs modelling the wind influence, a mixed H2/H-infinity type method have been chosen for the design of the automatic flight control. Moreover, due to the fact that the vehicle dynamics at straight and level flight is different from the model at level turning flight, a stochastic Markovian model with two states is adopted to simulate these two situations. A design methodology for a state-feedback controller with Markov jumps is presented. The theoretical developments are illustrated by numerical comparative results indicating the benefits of proposed optimal design approach.
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Tsai, Meng-Shiun, and Jin-Shin Chen. "Robust Tracking Control of a Piezoactuator Using a New Approximate Hysteresis Model." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 125, no. 1 (2003): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1540114.
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A new approximate model, which consists of a variable gain and a variable time-delay, is proposed to describe the hysteresis behavior of a piezoactuator. The variable gain is assumed to be a function of the magnitude of the input command, while the time-delay is assumed to be a function of the frequency of the input command. The ranges of these two variable parameters are determined through open loop tests. According to the proposed approximate model, a Smith predictor-based robust H∞ controller is developed to achieve high-precision tracking control of a piezoactuator. Analytical simulation and experimental results on tracking several types of reference inputs demonstrate that the maximum tracking error can be reduced to be less than 2% of the traveling path by utilizing the proposed controller design.
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Zhang, Guoguang, Junji Furusho, and Akihito Sano. "Force Control of Manipulators Based on H∞ Controller (Application of Joint Torque Feedback)." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 7, no. 5 (1995): 410–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1995.p0410.
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Force control using a hierarchical structure is discussed, which consists of upper force control and lower joint position control. The force controller calculators the joint position corrections necessary to control the force in the desired manner. These correction signals from the force controller are output to the lower controller and added to the nominal joint position command. In this paper, we apply mixed sensitivity design of H∞ control theory to a force control system. The nominal model is discussed, and the robustness against modeling error is analyzed. Owing to joint torque feedback control, the change of the controlled plant is reduced, so high gain force control can be achieved. Experimental results and eigenvalue analysis are also presented.
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Minear, Richard H. "Book Review: Ryan, Yamashita’s Ghost: War Crimes, MacArthur’s Justice, and Command Accountability, by Richard H. Minear." Pacific Historical Review 82, no. 4 (2012): 636–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2013.82.4.636.
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Astri, Nanda Dwi, and Oktaviandi Bertua Pardede. "Imperative Sentences in Java Ngoko in North Sumatra." Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal 2, no. 3 (2021): 401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rielsj.v2i3.305.
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This study uses a qualitative method. Qualitative method is a method that uses descriptive methods to describe data by describing related events both in writing and verbally. The research procedure consists of three stages, namely the stage of data collection, data analysis, and presentation of data analysis. The method used in data collection is the method of observing. The technique used in data collection is a free-to-conversation listening technique by observing and recording data in the form of imperative sentences in the Ngoko Javanese language in North Sumatra. The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge and increase understanding of language command sentences Java Ngoko in North Sumatra. The source of the data in this research is the people in Bandar Tengah village, Bandar Khalipa h, North Sumatra as speakers of the Javanese Ngoko language. Based on the results of the study, imperative sentences in Javanese. Ngoko contain the intent to command, prohibit, invite, order repeatedly, invite, request, be angry, and ask for help.
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Batista Mota, Josué, Gilmar De Pontes Barros Bezerra, Jardeson De Araújo Arlindo, et al. "Construction of a low-cost mobile embedded system for computer numerical control and educational purpose." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 11 (2019): 1235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss11.1996.
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This article describes the construction of a low-cost, mobile, CNC (Computerized Numerical Command) mini machine, bringing as its objective the gain of experience in relation to machining knowledge, where the device executes a list of movements written in the programming language G. For the development of the project, the Arduino Nano embedded system, two CD / DVD players and two H bridges (L293D) were used. Afterward, the assembly, programming and results of the project in question are described.
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Kłosowicz, Robert. "United States Africa Command – Balance of Activities during the Presidencies of George H. Bush, Barack Obama and Donald Trump." Politeja 19, no. 1(76) (2022): 255–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.19.2022.76.13.
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The article aims at analyzing the development of the U.S. Africa Command during the three presidential administrations of George W. Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump. According to the author, the attitude of individual American presidents and their administration to the U.S. AFRICOM is an accurate reflection of the approach to both the problems of African states and the place of Africa in the foreign and security policy of the United States. Since the foundation of the U.S. AFRICOM by the administration of G.W. Bush to D. Trump’s desire to liquidate the command. Trump’s attitude to Africa is also illustrated by the fact that he was the first American president since Ronald Reagan who did not visit any of the 54 African states. His two predecessors paid nine such official visits to African countries in total. It seems that despite many myths and fears that accompanied the birth of AFRICOM and during its first years of existence, the worst scenarios have not come to fruition. AFRICOM has not militarized Africa, it has not caused the drastic exacerbation of the rivalry with China in the region, and it has not become the military arm of US expansionism on the continent. What is more, even many skeptics among African state leaders have noted that it has thus far played and continues to play a positive role in counteracting terrorism, therefore, it has supported the stability of African countries.
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Warchał, Robert Artur. "Unraveling immortality and the genesis of human soul in st. Augustine’s selected works." Humaniora. Czasopismo Internetowe 44, no. 4 (2023): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/h.2023.4.4.
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The article intends to explore topics concerning the eternal nature and the origin of the human soul. Augustine’s ontological perspective on humanity upholds the truth of its existence. In ancient philosophy and Christian theology, the doctrine of the immortality of the soul and its origin has been an ongoing area of interest and debate. Saint Augustine, one of the most important theologians and philosophers in the history of the Catholic Church, addressed this issue in his works, considering both philosophical and theological aspects of the existence of the human soul. The author justifies his views by referring to the Holy Bible and to the vital functions of man. Also, he points to the dissimilarity between sensual and mental cognition. As part of its consideration, it relies on the Latin phrase anima rationalis which refers to the rational soul (animus). What speaks for immortality of the soul is the argument of evidence of the lack of a quantitative element, as well as the concepts of truth and life. The foregoing command gives grounds to believe that a human being remains a unique whole of physical and spiritual unity. Also, one of the the key thinks is the certainty of self-knowledge derived from the continuation of gnoseology, which proves that humans are capable of reflective, mind and abstract thinking, and the cognitive activity of the soul shows the ability to transcend the mortal body. This approach does provide a deeper understanding of the role of the soul in human life and in the context of eternity, an important topic in Christian theology and philosophy.
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P.K. Shrivastava and A.M. Patel. "SALTMOD Model Validation and Application in Segwa Minor Canal Command Area." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 39, no. 4 (2002): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2002394.1020.
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Model SALTMOD was validated by comparing model predictions with the field observations on soil salinity and drain discharges and depth of water table collected during 2000 - 01, for the Segwa minor canal command. After installation of drainage system, soil salinity of root zone was found to reduce from 12 dS/m to around 7 dS/m in the first year, which was also predicted by the model, similarly the model predicted steady increase on salinity levels each year which was confirmed from field tests. The model forecasts salinity levels of 8 dS/m by 2010 thus making the land uncultivable, if precautionary measures are not taken in the canal command area. Investigations were made to study the impact of drain spacing in the form of Q/H relations, drain depth, depth of irrigation water application on soil salinity. It predicts that at 45 m drain spacing the depth of drains should be at least 1.2 m below ground level, for irrigation water quality of 0.9 dS/m, for maintaining the salinity levels at around 2.5 dS/m. The model also shows that salinity levels of 2.5 dS/m could be maintained if irrigation water supplies (IWS) remain at least 20 % lower. Therefore, SALTMOD could work as an effective tool to forecast various situations once the model is calibrated and validated for the region and could help during design of drainage system.
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Roberts, Priscilla. "Tasker H. Bliss and the Evolution of Allied Unified Command, 1918: A Note on Old Battles Revisited." Journal of Military History 65, no. 3 (2001): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2677530.
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Kondo, Hisayoshi, Yuichi Koido, Yuzuru Kawashima, et al. "Consideration of Medical and Public Health Coordination - Experience from the 2016 Kumamoto, Japan Earthquake." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, no. 02 (2019): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19000177.
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Objective:The aim of this study was to identify disaster medical operation improvements from the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake (Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan) and to extract further lessons learned to prepare for future expected major earthquakes.Methods:The records of communications logs, chronological transitions of chain of command, and team registration logs for the Disaster Medical Assistant Team (DMAT), as well as other disaster medical relief teams, were evaluated.Results:A total of 466 DMAT teams and 2,071 DMAT team members were deployed to the Kumamoto area, and 1,894 disaster medical relief teams and 8,471 disaster medical relief team member deployments followed. The DMAT established a medical coordination command post at several key disaster hospitals to designate medical coverage areas. The DMAT evacuated over 1,400 patients from damaged hospitals, transported medical supplies to affected hospitals, and coordinated 14 doctor helicopters used for severe patient transport. To keep constant medical and public health operations, DMAT provided medical coordination management until the local medical coordination was on-track. Several logistic teams, which are highly trained on operation and management of medical coordination command, were dispatched to assist management operation. The DMAT also helped to establish Disaster Coordination and Management Council at the prefectural- and municipal-level, and also coordinated command control for public health operations. The DMAT could provide not only medical assistance at the acute phase of the disaster, but also could provide medical coordination for public health and welfare.Conclusion:During the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, needs of public health and welfare increased enormously due to the sudden evacuation of a large number of residents. To provide constant medical assistance at the disaster area, DMAT, logistic teams, and other disaster medical relief teams must operate constant coordination at the medical headquarter command. For future expected major earthquakes in Japan, it will be required to educate and secure high enough numbers of disaster medical assistance and health care personnel to provide continuous medical and public health care for the affected area residents.Kondo H, Koido Y, Kawashima Y, Kohayagawa Y, Misaki M, Takahashi A, Kondo Y, Chishima K, Toyokuni Y. Consideration of medical and public health coordination – experience from the 2016 Kumamoto, Japan Earthquake. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(2):149–154
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Kanu, Joseph Edwin, and Jonathan Soldera. "Treatment of Helicobacter pylori with potassium competitive acid blockers: A systematic review and meta-analysis." World Journal of Gastroenterology 30, no. 9 (2024): 1213–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v30.i9.1213.
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BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infects over half the global population, causing gastrointestinal diseases like dyspepsia, gastritis, duodenitis, peptic ulcers, G-MALT lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma. Eradicating H. pylori is crucial for treating and preventing these conditions. While conventional proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-based triple therapy is effective, there’s growing interest in longer acid suppression therapies. Potassium competitive acid blocker (P-CAB) triple and dual therapy are new regimens for H. pylori eradication. Initially used in Asian populations, vonoprazan (VPZ) has been recently Food and Drug Administration-approved for H. pylori eradication. AIM To assess the efficacy of regimens containing P-CABs in eradicating H. pylori infection. METHODS This study, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching MEDLINE and Scopus libraries for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or observational studies with the following command: [(“Helicobacter pylori ” OR “H pylori”) AND (“Treatment” OR “Therapy” OR “Eradication”) AND (“Vonaprazan” OR “Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker” OR “P-CAB” OR “PCAB” OR “Revaprazan” OR “Linaprazan” OR “Soraprazan” OR “Tegoprazan”)]. Studies comparing the efficacy of P-CABs-based treatment to classical PPIs in eradicating H. pylori were included. Exclusion criteria included case reports, case series, unpublished trials, or conference abstracts. Data variables encompassed age, diagnosis method, sample sizes, study duration, intervention and control, and H. pylori eradication method were gathered by two independent reviewers. Meta-analysis was performed in R software, and forest plots were generated. RESULTS A total of 256 references were initially retrieved through the search command. Ultimately, fifteen studies (7 RCTs, 7 retrospective observational studies, and 1 comparative unique study) were included, comparing P-CAB triple therapy to PPI triple therapy. The intention-to-treat analysis involved 8049 patients, with 4471 in the P-CAB intervention group and 3578 in the PPI control group across these studies. The analysis revealed a significant difference in H. pylori eradication between VPZ triple therapy and PPI triple therapy in both RCTs and observational studies [risk ratio (RR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.22, P < 0.0001] and (RR = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.09-1.17, P < 0.0001], respectively. However, no significant difference was found between tegoprazan (TPZ) triple therapy and PPI triple therapy in both RCTs and observational studies (RR = 1.04, 95%CI: 0.93-1.16, P = 0.5) and (RR = 1.03, 95%CI: 0.97-1.10, P = 0.3), respectively. CONCLUSION VPZ-based triple therapy outperformed conventional PPI-based triple therapy in eradicating H. pylori , positioning it as a highly effective first-line regimen. Additionally, TPZ-based triple therapy was non-inferior to classical PPI triple therapy.
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Mizuno, Takeshi, and Yuji Ishino. "Development of a Hysteresis Amplifier with an H-bridge Drive for Self-Sensing Magnetic Suspension." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 12, no. 3 (2000): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2000.p0218.
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A switching amplifier with an H-bridge drive was developed for self-sensing magnetic suspension. In this amplifier, switching times are controlled by a current comparator with a small hysteresis. The amplifier implemented with such hysteresis control has asynchronous characteristics so that the switching rate depends on the load impedance. When the hysteresis amplifier is used for magnetic suspension, the gap between the suspended object and the electromagnet can be estimated from the switching frequency. Since the Hbridge reverses the polarity of the voltage applied to the coil alternatively, the switching frequency is insensitive to the value of current command to the amplifier. The F/V conversion of the switching signal was used for feedback control with the result that self-sensing suspension was achieved.
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KORZHENYAK, ANASTASIA, and ANTON MIKHAILOV. "WILLIAM JETHRO BROWN'S CRITIQUE OF JOHN AUSTIN'S LEGAL THEORY AS A STAGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL POSITIVISM." Gaps in Russian Legislation 14, no. 6 (2021): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2072-3164-2021-14-6-060-065.
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The purpose of the research. This article analyses the main points of the legal teaching of the Australian jurist William Jethro Brown (1868-1930), which the authors of this study regard as forming one of the significant stages in the evolution of Anglo-American legal positivism. Along with his contemporaries, a New Zealand lawyer John William Salmond (1862-1924) and British jurists Thomas Erskine Holland (1835-1926) and John Mason Lightwood (1852-1947), Brown was among the first critics of the «command theory of law» of the founder of the analytical school of jurisprudence John Austin (1790-1859). The authors of this article prove that the ideas, including those of W. Brown, play the role of a link between the founders of the analytical school of law (J. Bentham, J. Austin), the teachings of William Markby, Sheldon Amos, and subsequent generations of English legal scholars of both positivist and neo-positivist direction. Many provisions of Brown's legal doctrine became the basis for criticism of Austin's command concept and legal understanding in the teachings of H. L. A. Hart, the central figure of English neopositivism of the 20th century. As a result of the research the authors conclude that there are comparative similarities between W. J. Brown's conception of «rules of external action», J. W. Salmond's idea of «ultimate legal principles» and H. L. A. Hart's legal doctrine on the «rule of recognition».
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P Balakrishnan, MS Shirahatti, Girish B Deshpande, and RD Barker. "Evaluation of Hydraulic Conductivity in Upper Krishna Project Command Area of Karnataka." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 42, no. 2 (2005): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2005422.1124.
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The study area consists of black soils (Vertisols) with high clay content underlain by bedded limestone located in canal seepage affected zone in Upper Krishna Project command area, Karnataka. In situ measurements on grid basis in the Operational Research Project (ORP) area (180 ha) and aerial estimates using q-h relationships of pipe drains in Phase-I area (14.9 ha) of the above project were obtained and compared. The point K-values varied from 0.004 to 0.559 mid and followed the log normal distribution. The geometric mean (OM) values of K of the ORP and the Phase-I areas were 0.077 and 0.070 mid respectively. The K-contour map was drawn and the vertical as well as radial K values were also computed. The OM areal K values for the entire strata (Ko) and the layer below the drains only (Kb ) ranged from 1.114 to 1.449 mid and from 1.145 to 1.348 mid at 90 per cent confidence limits respectively, indicating that the flow below the drain level was pre-dominant. This observation of much larger areal K-values in comparison with the point measurements as explained by higher discharge was in line with the reported literature and also found to have more practical applicability.
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Unbehauen, H., and I. Vakilzadeh. "Centralized Control of n Identical Plants." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 115, no. 3 (1993): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2899106.
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In an elegant and yet easily comprehensible and applicable way, it is shown how the outputs of n identical plants G(s)=K/sp∏l=1μ(s+al) with different output initial conditions can be made to perfectly track a reference, or command, input r(t) through the commissioning of only one central controller H(s). Two simulations support the theoretical results. The proposed technique has wide applications in industrial plants and research centers: it drastically reduces the effort and cost of controllers dictated by the orthodox one-plant/one-controller philosophy.
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Takhnaeva, Patimat I. "AKHULGO: ON THE ISSUE OF THE FAILED “PEACE NEGOTIATIONS” ACCORDING TO LOCAL CHRONICLES AND OFFICIAL RUSSIAN SOURCES (JUNE-AUGUST OF 1839)." History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 16, no. 1 (2020): 85–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.32653/ch16185-103.
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The Battle for Akhulgo was one the largest military operations of the Caucasian War, carried out in Dagestan by the Chechen detachment of the Caucasian army under the command of Lieutenant General P.H. Grabbe from June, 12 to August, 29, 1839. It is known that the parties made numerous attempts to end this bloody confrontation by negotiations: according to Russian sources – the negotiations on surrender, according to local ones – on peace agreement.The paper presents the points of view of the both parties, dynamics and subject of the negotiating process, its connection to different stages of the siege. The author introduces a new source, an official document, a detailed chronicle of the siege of Akhulgo – military journals of the detachment from June 12 to August 30, 1839, which was filled daily by the commander of the expeditionary detachment Lieutenant General P.H. Grabbe. The negotiations, which were carried out in the second half of August, according to local and Russian sources, ended ambiguously – with the release of the imam’s son as a hostage (“amanate”) and the siege of Akhulgo. The parties accused each other of violating their obligations or failure to fulfill them.According to official Russian sources, the solution of the tasks of “suppressing Dagestan” in 1839, set by Emperor Nicholas I before the Caucasian command, implied “the destruction of the fortified home of Shamil on the Akhulgo Rock” and “the elimination of Shamil”. The ultimate goal of solving these problems excluded the conclusion of peace agreements with the mountaineers. Nevertheless, according to local sources (Muhammad-Tahir al-Karakhi, Abdurahman al-Gazigumuki, Haji Ali, H. Genichutlinsky) the "failed peace talks" were remembered as a story of "deception and break of the Russian promises".
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Li, Wei, Shu Ying Sun, Jiang Yi Liu, and Bin Qian Cao. "Design of the Tracked Vehicle Based on the STM32." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 1323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.1323.
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As the crawler vehicle with the excellent off-road performance, the battlefield survival ability, etc , are widely used in modern weapons systems In order to make teaching model close to the real equipment , designed a tracked vehicle of anti-aircraft gun based on the STM32F103 microcontroller, combined with the H-bridge motor circuit ,photoelectric encoder angle measurement and control principle of single lever operation, experimental results show that the tracked vehicle can complete forward, backward , turning and braking actions in accordance with the control command , with fast dynamic response , high control precision , to meet the design requirements.
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Choi, Eunbae, and Heemoon Kim. "Advanced Energy Management System for Generator–Battery Hybrid Power System in Ships: A Novel Approach with Optimal Control Algorithms." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 10 (2024): 1755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12101755.
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Advancements in the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from ships are driving the development of more efficient onboard power systems. The proposed non-equivalent parallel running operation system is explored in this study, which improves the efficiency of the main power generation source compared with traditional equal load-sharing methods used in power management systems. However, the asymmetric method reduces the efficiency of the auxiliary power sources. To address this issue, we propose a control method that integrates a battery system with an efficiency-based algorithm to optimize the overall system performance. The proposed approach involves establishing operation command values based on the characteristics of the power generation source and adjusting these commands according to the battery’s state of charge (SOC). MATLAB/Simulink simulations confirmed the effectiveness of this method across various operating modes and revealed no operational issues. When applied to a ship’s operating profile over 222 h, the method reduced fuel consumption by approximately 2.98 tons (5.57%) compared with conventional systems. Over 38 annual voyages, this reduction equates to savings of 115.96 tons of fuel or approximately 96.47 million Korean won. This study demonstrates that integrating an optimal efficiency algorithm into the energy management system significantly enhances both the propulsion and overall energy efficiency of ships.
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Khuluqi, Hasanal. "PENAFSIRAN ULI AL-AMR PADA KITAB MARAH LABID KARYA NAWAWI AL-BANTANI." QOF 4, no. 2 (2020): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30762/qof.v4i2.2248.
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Imam Nawawi al-Bantani is one of the Indonesian scholars who was influential in the spread of Islam in the early 19th century. One of his thoughts on the interpretation of the concept of uli al-amr is contained in Mara>h Labi>d, according to Nawawi al-Bantani, it is forbidden to obey a leader who is wrong and not legally elected (a colonizer). The interpretation of Nawawi al-Bantani at one time certainly contradicts the interpretation of Islamic scholars in general, which requires further reading on all matters affecting its interpretation products. U>li al-amr is all scholars from among the ahlu al-h}alli wa al-'aqdi, true leaders and a just ruler. As long as the rules and orders do not conflict with the Qur'an, sunnah, ijma ’, and qiyas, obeying the uli al-amr command is a must.
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Yasmin, Rubina, Kanijun Nahar Quadir, and SM Shafiqul Alam. "Monitored Anaesthesia Care in An One Hundred Years Old Man in NIO&H." Journal of the Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 27, no. 1 (2016): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsa.v27i1.29000.
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A hundred years old man was admitted in NIO&H with the diagnosis of cataract in right eye.He was scheduled for operation under local anaesthesia, but on the O.T. table he became restless, non cooperative. So, the surgical team planned to do the operation under general anaesthesia. Necessary investigations for GA done and the patient was found nondiabetic but had anterolateral ischaemia and had cardiomegaly in X-ray chest. Our anaesthetic plan was to do the surgery under sedation with local anaesthetic block (MAC). We provided the patient monitored anaesthesia care (MAC) by giving Inj. Fentanyl, Inj.Midazolam and Inj. Propofol. The operation took twenty five minutes. Initially after the administration of drugs,his SPO2 fell down.Oxygen given and SPO2 increased to 99% within 90 seconds. Throughout the peroperative period patient remained haemodynamically stable. Within 10 minutes,he opened his eyes,responded to vocal command and after one hour, he was shifted from postoperative ward to general ward.Journal of Bangladesh Society of Anaesthesiologists 2014; 27(1): 36-38
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Norton, K. H., K. M. Gallagher, S. A. Smith, R. G. Querry, R. M. Welch-O’Connor, and P. B. Raven. "Carotid baroreflex function during prolonged exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 87, no. 1 (1999): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.1.339.
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The present investigation was designed to uncouple the hemodynamic physiological effects of thermoregulation from the effects of a progressively increasing central command activation during prolonged exercise. Subjects performed two 1-h bouts of leg cycling exercise with 1) no intervention and 2) continuous infusion of a dextran solution to maintain central venous pressure constant at the 10-min pressure. Volume infusion resulted in a significant reduction in the decrement in mean arterial pressure seen in the control exercise bout (6.7 ± 1.8 vs. 11.6± 1.3 mmHg, respectively). However, indexes of central command such as heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion rose to a similar extent during both exercise conditions. In addition, the carotid-cardiac baroreflex stimulus-response relationship, as measured by using the neck pressure-neck suction technique, was reset from rest to 10 min of exercise and was further reset from 10 to 50 min of exercise in both exercise conditions, with the operating point being shifted toward the reflex threshold. We conclude that the progressive resetting of the carotid baroreflex and the shift of the reflex operating point render the carotid-cardiac reflex ineffectual in counteracting the continued decrement in mean arterial pressure that occurs during the prolonged exercise.
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Cerri, Gabriella, Paola Borroni, and Fausto Baldissera. "Cyclic H-Reflex Modulation in Resting Forearm Related to Contractions of Foot Movers, Not to Foot Movement." Journal of Neurophysiology 90, no. 1 (2003): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00030.2003.
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During rhythmic voluntary oscillations of the foot, the excitability of the H-reflex in the Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) muscle of the resting prone forearm increases during the foot plantar-flexion and decreases during dorsiflexion. It is known that, when the two extremities are moved together, isodirectional (in-phase) coupling is the preferred form of movement association. Thus the above pattern of the H-reflex excitability modulation may favor the preferred coupling between the two limbs. To gain some clues about its origin, FCR H-reflex excitability was tested before and after modifying the phase relations between the activation [electromyogram (EMG)] of foot movers and foot movement, either by loading of the foot or by changing the movement frequency. After foot loading, the movement cycle was consistently delayed with respect to the onset of the EMG in Soleus (Sol) or Tibialis Anterior (TA) muscles. Simultaneously, the FCR H-reflex modulation advanced by that same amount with respect to the foot movement, thus remaining phase-locked to the EMG onsets. Similarly, when movement frequency was varied step-wise between 1.0 and 2.0 Hz, the foot movement was progressively delayed with respect to both the EMG onset (Sol and TA) and the FCR H-reflex modulation, so that the phase relation between the motor command to the foot and the H-modulation in the forearm remained constant. These results suggest that modulation of H-reflex in the forearm is tied to leg muscle contraction, rather than to foot kinematics, and point to a central, rather than kinesthetic, origin for the modulation.
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Feng, Wen-Sheng, Wei-Cheng Chen, Jiun-Yi Lin, et al. "Design and Implementation of an Intensive Care Unit Command Center for Medical Data Fusion." Sensors 24, no. 12 (2024): 3929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24123929.
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The rapid advancements in Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) are pivotal for the healthcare sector, especially as the world approaches an aging society which will be reached by 2050. This paper presents an innovative AIoT-enabled data fusion system implemented at the CMUH Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU) to address the high incidence of medical errors in ICUs, which are among the top three causes of mortality in healthcare facilities. ICU patients are particularly vulnerable to medical errors due to the complexity of their conditions and the critical nature of their care. We introduce a four-layer AIoT architecture designed to manage and deliver both real-time and non-real-time medical data within the CMUH-RICU. Our system demonstrates the capability to handle 22 TB of medical data annually with an average delay of 1.72 ms and a bandwidth of 65.66 Mbps. Additionally, we ensure the uninterrupted operation of the CMUH-RICU with a three-node streaming cluster (called Kafka), provided a failed node is repaired within 9 h, assuming a one-year node lifespan. A case study is presented where the AI application of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), leveraging our AIoT data fusion approach, significantly improved the medical diagnosis rate from 52.2% to 93.3% and reduced mortality from 56.5% to 39.5%. The results underscore the potential of AIoT in enhancing patient outcomes and operational efficiency in the ICU setting.
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Silawatchananai, Chaiyaporn, and Manukid Parnichkun. "Haptics control of an arm exoskeleton for virtual reality using PSO-based fixed structure H∞ control." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 16, no. 3 (2019): 172988141984919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881419849198.
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This article proposes a robust haptics control algorithm for an arm exoskeleton in virtual reality application that guarantees the robustness of the force displaying performance. The developed arm exoskeleton allows the user to sense the profile of virtual objects through joints at wrist, elbow, and shoulder. Forces exerted by the user are directly measured by load cells attached to the links, which are used to determine the corresponding velocity command based on virtual impedance. Due to the imperfection of modeling and the measurement noises from load cells and encoder quantization, the force displaying performance of the device tends to degrade with increasing oscillation, causing permanent damages to the device and user. To solve this problem, a Particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based fixed structure H∞ controller is proposed to control the developed arm exoskeleton. The control performance of the proposed controller is evaluated by both simulation and experiment. The results show that the proposed controller can achieve better tracking performance in comparison with proportional–integral–derivative controller in terms of less oscillation and fast response.
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Mulyanah, Elis, and Diyah Iis Andriani. "POSITIVE POLITENESS IN TMGW PODCAST." JURNAL BASIS 11, no. 2 (2024): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33884/basisupb.v11i2.9281.
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This study aims to analyze the types and the factors of using positive politeness strategies in the podcast video. The writer used Brown and Levinson's (1987) theory with qualitative methods in analyzing the data. The data source was taken from a podcast video by Grace Helbig and Mamrie Hart on a YouTube channel. The results of this study show that there are 10 various types of positive politeness strategies such as 6 notice attend to hearer, 4 Intensify interest to H, 2 seek agreement, 1 avoid disagreement, 3 presuppose/ raise/assert command ground, 10 include both S and H in the activity, 1 give or ask reason, 1 give gift to H, 1 Joke to put the hearer at ease, and 1 Assert or presuppose Ss knowledge of and concern for H’s wants. On the other hand, the factors found in the analysis are 16 social distance and 14 Payoff. Based on the results of analyzing the data, the most frequently used in the conversation is to Include both S and H in the activity. It appears 10 times in the conversation. Furthermore, their utterances also are influenced by some factors such as payoff and social distance. From 30 utterances, the writer found social distance is the factor that often occurs in the podcast which appears 16 times.
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D. Wisman, Jon. "9/11, foreign threats, political legitimacy, and democratic institutions." Humanomics 30, no. 1 (2014): 22–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/h-12-2013-0078.
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Purpose – The manipulation of fears generated by 9/11 resulted in restrictions of civil liberties. Although this danger to freedom has been descriptively addressed, its deeper causes and dynamics have not received extensive treatment. This article reassesses the political reaction to 9/11 in terms of economic theory and evolutionary biology. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The explanatory framework is drawn from findings in the economics of war and the biological evolution of war-like behavior in the human species. Findings – The fact that war and its threat were ever-present in human evolution resulted in two social propensities that render society vulnerable to political manipulation. External threats dramatically heighten social cohesion as well as loyalty to leaders. In pre-state societies, all members could clearly witness and judge the nature of an external threat, and because leaders led responses, they were vulnerable to injury or death. In modern highly complex societies, by contrast, the nature of threats is less transparent, and leaders can command far from immediate danger. Consequently, in modern times, leaders can be tempted to generate, especially in times of economic dysfunction, fear of an external threat to rally support and detract attention from otherwise inadequate leadership. Originality/value – This article presents a deeper analysis, grounded in economics and evolutionary biology, of the manner in which political leaders can exaggerate the dangers of foreign threats to enhance their power at the cost of civil liberties.
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Deckers, Jana, Sophie Hendrix, Els Prinsen, Jaco Vangronsveld, and Ann Cuypers. "Identifying the Pressure Points of Acute Cadmium Stress Prior to Acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 17 (2020): 6232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176232.
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The toxic metal cadmium (Cd) is a major soil pollutant. Knowledge on the acute Cd-induced stress response is required to better understand the triggers and sequence of events that precede plant acclimation. Therefore, we aimed to identify the pressure points of Cd stress using a short-term exposure set-up ranging from 0 h to 24 h. Acute responses related to glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), ethylene and the oxidative challenge were studied at metabolite and/or transcript level in roots and leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana either exposed or not to 5 µM Cd. Cadmium rapidly induced root GSH depletion, which might serve as an alert response and modulator of H2O2 signalling. Concomitantly, a stimulation of root ACC levels was observed. Leaf responses were delayed and did not involve GSH depletion. After 24 h, a defined oxidative challenge became apparent, which was most pronounced in the leaves and concerted with a strong induction of leaf ACC synthesis. We suggest that root GSH depletion is required for a proper alert response rather than being a merely adverse effect. Furthermore, we propose that roots serve as command centre via a.o. root-derived ACC/ethylene to engage the leaves in a proper stress response.
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Sigalo, Marvin Barivure, Ajit C. Pillai, Saptarshi Das, and Mohammad Abusara. "An Energy Management System for the Control of Battery Storage in a Grid-Connected Microgrid Using Mixed Integer Linear Programming." Energies 14, no. 19 (2021): 6212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196212.
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This paper proposes an energy management system (EMS) for battery storage systems in grid-connected microgrids. The battery charging/discharging power is determined such that the overall energy consumption cost is minimized, considering the variation in grid tariff, renewable power generation and load demand. The system is modeled as an economic load dispatch optimization problem over a 24 h horizon and solved using mixed integer linear programming (MILP). This formulation, therefore, requires knowledge of the expected renewable energy power production and load demand over the next 24 h. To achieve this, a long short-term memory (LSTM) network is proposed. The receding horizon (RH) strategy is suggested to reduce the impact of prediction error and enable real-time implementation of the EMS that benefits from using actual generation and demand data on the day. At each hour, the LSTM predicts generation and load data for the next 24 h, the dispatch problem is then solved and the battery charging or discharging command for only the first hour is applied in real-time. Real data are then used to update the LSTM input, and the process is repeated. Simulation results show that the proposed real-time strategy outperforms the offline optimization strategy, reducing the operating cost by 3.3%.
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Zaki Diab, Ahmed A., Abou-Hashema M. El-Sayed, Hossam Hefnawy Abbas, and Montaser Abd El Sattar. "Robust Speed Controller Design Using H_infinity Theory for High-Performance Sensorless Induction Motor Drives." Energies 12, no. 5 (2019): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050961.
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In this paper, a robust speed control scheme for high dynamic performance sensorless induction motor drives based on the H_infinity (H) theory has been presented and analyzed. The proposed controller is robust against system parameter variations and achieves good dynamic performance. In addition, it rejects disturbances well and can minimize system noise. The H controller design has a standard form that emphasizes the selection of the weighting functions that achieve the robustness and performance goals of motor drives in a wide range of operating conditions. Moreover, for eliminating the speed encoder—which increases the cost and decreases the overall system reliability—a motor speed estimation using a Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) is included. The estimated speed of the motor is used as a control signal in a sensor-free field-oriented control mechanism for induction motor drives. To explore the effectiveness of the suggested robust control scheme, the performance of the control scheme with the proposed controllers at different operating conditions such as a sudden change of the speed command/load torque disturbance is compared with that when using a classical controller. Experimental and simulation results demonstrate that the presented control scheme with the H controller and MRAS speed estimator has a reasonable estimated motor speed accuracy and a good dynamic performance.
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Bocharov, Alexey, and Ivan Aladyshkin. "Activities of the naval department of the Russian Empire in teaching literacy and arithmetic to sailors of the navy in the 1850s–1870s." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2021, no. 02 (2021): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202102statyi24.
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The article examines the activities of the Russian naval department in teaching literacy and arithmetic to sailors of the navy in the 50s — 70s of the XIX century. The measures of the naval command for training sailors are considered. The role of the officers who showed enthusiasm in the training of sailors was noted. Shown are statistical data on the number of literate and arithmetic sailors in the study period. The question is raised about the degree of literacy and reading circle of sailors. It is noted that teaching sailors to read and write and arithmetic improved the quality of the fleet personnel. The connection between the activities of the naval department in training sailors and the influence of the reforms of the 1860s — 70s is shown.
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Shaik, Shakeera, Bala Naga Jyothi Vandavasi, Vedachalam Narayanaswamy, and Hrishikesh Venkataraman. "Development and Validation of Embedded System Architecture for Shallow-Water Based H-AUV." Marine Technology Society Journal 57, no. 1 (2023): 168–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.57.1.17.
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Abstract Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) have gained enormous popularity over the years and are employed extensively in various industries, including bio-research, subsea industries, and military applications. Most of the available commercial AUVs are very expensive and complex. This makes it unsuitable to be used for civilian applications. On the other hand, recent technological advancements have made it possible to have highly capable sensors at acceptable prices as an alternative to expensive commercial vehicles. In this paper, an embedded system-based multi-sensor hardware architecture for an H-configured AUV, called H-AUV, is designed and developed with low-cost, power-efficient, real-time controllers with a small footprint for data acquisition and sensors. These parameters play an important role for designing and developing energy-efficient autonomous vehicles. Significantly, auto navigation is a very important mechanism for AUVs, which includes auto heading control and depth keeping control techniques developed, deployed, and tested in the H-AUV. Additionally, the denoise filters such as moving average, exponential, and dynamic linear Kalman filter (KF) have been exercised and validated for heading and depth control of an H-AUV. It was found that the dynamic KF is very efficient and performs with 88% accuracy in the heading and depth control mechanisms. The KF is also found to perform with 98% accuracy for surface navigation of the H-AUV. Finally, an indigenous graphical user interface has been developed for data telemetry, command, and logging in autonomous and manual modes through wired and wireless communication. The proposed development and validation of an efficient and low-cost H-AUV shall support academic researchers for subsea applications.
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Szász, Róbert. "A Sivatagi Vihar tapasztalatai 30 év távlatában." Honvédségi Szemle 149, no. 5 (2021): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35926/hsz.2021.5.11.
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Mintegy 30 évvel ezelőtt, Kuvait 1990-es iraki megszállásának idején – dacára a második világháború óta megvívott csaták tapasztalatai alapján kiadott irányelveknek – az amerikai fegyveres erők különböző szintű vezetői és szakértői még mindig azon vitáztak, hogy mi is a légierő szerepe egy összhaderőnemi műveletben. A „szárazföld” berkeiben népszerű elmélet alapján – amit szerintük az 1980-as években kiadott AirLand Battle doktrína is alátámasztott – a légierő kizárólagosan a szárazföldi erők támogatására hivatott. A problémát mélyítette, hogy a légierő egyes vezetői – köztük a Harcászati Légi Parancsnokság (Tactical Air Command, ma Air Combat Command) akkori parancsnoka, Robert D. Russ tábornok – szintén támogatták ezt a nézetet. A légierő doktrínákkal foglalkozó szakértői szerint azonban az AirLand Battle doktrína csak a szárazföldi repülőerőkre (Army Aviation) vonatkozik, és nem a légierőre. A másik oldal egyik jeles képviselője John A. Warden III ezredes – a Pentagon akkori egyik hírhedt/híres elemzője – volt, aki szerint a légierő a többi haderőnem támogatásával akár fő szerepet is játszhat egy összhaderőnemi műveletben. Az elméleticsatározások természetesen nem sok hatással lehettek volna a kuvaiti válságra, ha az annak megoldásával megbízott Központi Parancsnokság (CENTCOM2) parancsnoka, H. Norman Schwarzkopf tábornok mint főparancsnok (JFC3) és Charles A. Horner tábornok, a CENTCOM légierő komponensének parancsnoka (JFACC4) nem jutnak arra a következtetésre, hogy ezt a háborút csak a légierő újszerű alkalmazásával tudják hatékonyan megvívni. A tanulmány szerzője a több mint három évtizeddel ezelőtti események felidézésén és elemzésén túlmenően igyekszik levonni azok máig ható tanulságait is.
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Al Qodri Maarif, Haris, Teddy Surya Gunawan, and Afzeri. "Low Bit Rate Video Coding for Remote Desktop Operation of CNC Milling." Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (June 2011): 1631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.1631.
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Scalable Video Coding (SVC) is the extension of the H.264/AVC standard. The SVC has good capability in video transmission systems because of its scalability which can adapt in different network conditions, especially in low bit rate transmission. The objective of this paper is to develop the low bit rate video coding for assisting the remote operation of Command and Control (CNC) milling process through virtual simulation and remote desktop interface. The algorithm for low bit rate video coding will be in the downsampling of high resolution layer before the encoding process and upsampling the high layer data in the decoder. Based on simulation results, the proposed scheme shows good performance in maintaining the video quality at 128 kbps while providing high time savings for the encoding process.
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Prasad, Jagat Narayan, S. N. Singh, K. Pokhrel, and S. Khatiwada. "Effect of Oral Clonidine Premedication on Propofol Consumption for Patient Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy." Health Renaissance 12, no. 3 (2016): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v12i3.15322.
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Background: Various goals of premedication includes anxiolysis, sedation, amnesia, analgesia, attenuation of autonomic reflexes, and reduction of anaesthetic dose requirement. Preanaesthetic oral clonidine has been shown to produce anxiolysis, sedation and attenuation of hemodynamic stress response to tracheal intubation.Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of oral clonidine on propofol consumption in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo controlled study conducted in ninety consecutive patients randomly divided into three equal groups (placebo, tab. clonidine 150 mcg and tab. clonidine 300 mcg) meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Study drug was given 60 minutes before induction of anaesthesia. Anaesthesia was induced with intravenous pethidine 1mg/kg followed by propofol . The dose of propofol for loss of verbal command was recorded. Anaesthesia was maintained with propofol at the rate of 10 mg/kg/h for 10 minutes then to 8 mg/kg/h for 10 minutes and ultimately decreased to 6 mg/kg/h after tracheal intubation. The rate of propofol infusion was adjusted by 2mg/kg/h to obtain adequate depth of anaesthesia (maintaining hemodynamic parameters within 20% of baseline).Results: The propofol induction dose was less in clonidine 150 mcg (1.2±0.2 mg/kg) and clonidine 300 mcg (1.08±0.24 mg/ kg) groups as compared to placebo group ( 1.4±0.3 mg/kg) (p=˂0.001). The rate of propofol infusion in mg/kg/h and in mcg/kg/h was lower in clonidine 150 mcg (6.7±1.6 and 121.3±11.37) and clonidine 300 mcg (7±1.4 and 120.0±9.8) groups as compared to placebo (10±3.2 and 148.0±32.53) group (p =˂ 0.001).Conclusion: oral clonidine premedication reduces propofol requirement for induction and maintenance of anaesthesiain patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Health Renaissance 2014;12(3): 204-208