Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Commande basé sur optimisation'
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Olaru, Sorin. "La commande des systèmes dynamiques sous contraintes Interaction optimisation-géométrie-commande." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00641658.
Full textZima, Alexis. "Élaboration d’un outil de suivi et d’optimisation du fonctionnement énergétique d’un bâtiment tertiaire basé sur un modèle thermique analytique simplifié." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC101/document.
Full textThe building field is responsible of about 40% of global energy consumption and a third of world greenhouse gas emissions. It is a main concern subject in climate change issues and fossil fuel independency. The aim of the PhD work is to bring more knowledge about thermal modeling and to create specific tools which are capable of globally optimize the office building energy management. The industrial purpose is associated with its area of expertise, which is advice in energy and ecologic transition. It concerns the difficulty to implement a retrofit action planning. Indeed, for small or middle retrofit actions, the initial study and metrology costs represent over 50% of the overall cost. This down payment induces a long return of investment. Faced with this prohibitive financial parameter, a lot of companies are reluctant to implement this type of actions. The proposed purpose is a solution that drastically reduces preliminary costs. The aspects addressed in this thesis are: the building operation state of art and its associated issues, the creation of reporting and collecting data tool of building operation and performance thanks to a dedicated in-situ measurement network, concomitant with the development of a simplified adjoin thermal model. It facilitates the understanding of its behavior. Then the final aspect are the two steps of optimization. The first is the observable building design and operation parameters with an inverse method, the second is the calculation of optimal energy consumptions. The approach is specifically oriented through the development of tools allowing a facilitated access to energy reduction action for national companies. This should assist the integration of an intelligence for energy optimization for building climatics and thermal equipments or usage. The result could be a new ergonomic man-machine interface for stock building effective management. In the facts, the problem is holistic and cannot be handle sectorally. It is imperative to integrate all the process involved in the building and its use (user behavior). The approach have been oriented to take later into account other parameters than strictly energy, as costs of comfort
Attemene, N'guessan Stéphane. "Optimisation temps réel des flux énergétiques au sein d'un système multi-sources multi-charges basé sur les énergies d'origine renouvelable." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCD044.
Full textThis work is focused on the real-time optimal control of a stand-alone system consisting of a photovoltaic generator, a PEM fuel cell, an alkaline electrolyzer, a battery and supercapacitor pack for a stationary application. The coupling of these different sources aims to improve performance, the availability of the resulting electrical grid, the supply of electricity over much longer periods, and especially the satisfaction of the load by using each source in a controlled way.First, a thorough study of the feasibility of the system from a technical, energetic, economic and environmental point of view is carried out. As a result, an optimal sizing method is proposed. A sensitivity analysis to evaluate the influence of subsystems cost and the size respectively on the overall energy cost and the equivalent CO2 emitted by the system is also discussed. Then, a model enabling easy scaling of components to achieve the capacity required for the system is developped. The global model of the system is obtained by exploiting the modularity of the formalism used for modeling (the Energetic Macroscopic Representation). Finally, an energy management method based on Energy consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) is proposed. A comparative study of the results obtained by the ECMS and those obtained by dynamic programming has enabled the validation of the optimal control strategy developed
Beraud, Benoît. "Méthodologie d’optimisation du contrôle/commande des usines de traitement des eaux résiduaires urbaines basée sur la modélisation et les algorithmes génétiques multi-objectifs." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20049.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis concerns the development of an optimization methodology for control laws of wastewater treatment plants. This work is based on the use of WWTP process models in order to simulate their operation. These simulations are used by a multi-objective genetic algorithm, NSGA-II. This optimization algorithm allows the search of optimal solutions when multiple objectives are considered (e. G. The effluent quality, energy consumption, etc. ). It also enables the visualisation of compromises arising between various control laws as well as their respective best domains of application. In a first part of this work, the optimization methodology in developed around four main axes: the conception of a robust simulation procedure, the choice of input datasets for the simulations, the choice of objectives and constraints to consider and the evaluation of long term performances and robustness of control laws. This methodology is then applied on the literature case study of BSM1. In a second part of the work, the methodology is applied on the real case study of Cambrai wastewater treatment plant. This application includes the development of new aspects like the generation of dynamic input datasets out of daily monitoring measurements of the wastewater treatment plant, as well as the simulation of control laws based on oxydo-reduction potential measurements. This application allowed to analyze the compromises between the control law currently tested on the wastewater treatment plant and a new control law foreseen. The benefits of this modification could hence be clearly observed
Bahri, Nesrine. "Une commande neuronale adaptative basée sur des émulateurs neuronal et multimodèle pour les systèmes non linéaires MIMO et SIMO." Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0024/document.
Full textThe porosity of a composite plate in carbon / epoxy of type RTM is known by used of tomography X. A method of determination of this porosity by measure of the mitigation of the longitudinal waves through the thickness of this kind of plate is proposed. These measures are made on surfaces of different sizes (from some cm2 to some mm2) and allow the obtaining of cartographies. A correspondence porosity (tomo X) - Mitigation (US wave) is deducted and analyzed according to the structure of the composite material. In every case, we estimate the quality of the obtained relations and we deduct the limits of validity of the correspondence between porosity and mitigation. First results of acoustic tomography are obtained
Moussa, Kaouther. "Estimation de domaines d'attraction et contrôle basé sur l'optimisation : application à des modèles de croissance tumorale." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALT078.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to propose frameworks and algorithms that are based on advanced control approaches, in order to guide cancer treatments scheduling. It also aims at pointing out the importance of taking into account the problem of stochastic uncertainties handling in the drug scheduling design, since cancer dynamical systems are considered to be highly uncertain phenomena.Cancer dynamical interactions are still an open research topic which is not fully understood yet. The complexity of such dynamics comes from their partially unknown behavior and their uncertain nature. Additionally, they are often described by nonlinear complex dynamics and require taking into consideration many constraints related to physiology as well as biology.In terms of control design, this topic gathers many complexity ingredients such asnonlinear dynamics, constraints handling and optimality issues. Therefore, in this thesis, we propose to use a recent optimal control approach that is based on moment optimization. This framework has the advantage of considering all the state and input variables as probability densities, allowing therefore to explicitly consider parametric as well as initial state uncertainties in the optimal control problem. We use this framework in Part II, in order to design robust optimal control schedules that represent cancer drugs injection profiles.The second problem that we address in Part III consists in the estimation of regionsof attraction for cancer interactions models. This problem is interesting in the context of cancer treatment design, since it provides the set of all possible initial conditions (tumor and patient health indicators), that can be driven to a desired targeted safe region, where the patient is considered to be healed. Furthermore, we focus on the assessment of methodologies that take into consideration the parametric uncertainties that can affect the dynamical model
Beraud, Benoit. "Méthodologie d'optimisation du contrôle/commande des usines de traitement des eaux résiduaires urbaines basée sur la modélisation et les algorithmes génétiques multi-objectifs." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00457236.
Full textBenmouna, Amel. "Gestion énergétique reconfigurable d'un véhicule électrique basée sur l'identification en ligne des sources embarquées." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCA020.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of the reconfigurable energy management of an electric vehicle based on the online identification of embedded sources. In recent years, the energy management of a hybrid system for automotive applications has been the subject of a great number of research. In this study, the energy chain considered consists of a fuel cell as the main source, storage sources such as batteries and/or supercapacitors, converters for each source and finally a load emulating the power demand. Indeed, the problem in hybrid systems is to find a strategy for a better distribution of electrical power between the different embedded sources, which is the added value of this research work. As well as defining energy management laws by considering real-time measurements in order to increase the lifespan and reliability of sources on the one hand, and the availability of the electric vehicle on the other hand. In this thesis, the nonlinear control called IDA-PBC (Interconnection and Damping assignment-Passivity Based Control) is used with the PCH (Port Controlled Hamiltonian) structure which allows to present structural properties of the system namely total system energy, damping and state interconnections. The IDA-PBC method is a powerful nonlinear technique, it is considered as a general means to stabilize a large class of physical systems. In a second part of this work, an optimal energy management strategy is proposed for the hybrid system under study, which is the combination of IDA-PBC and Hamiltonian's Jacobi Bellman method. Proof of stability is provided and the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is demonstrated. Several experimental validations are presented
Ramírez, Restrepo Laura María. "Optimisation basée sur l'étude des trajectoires dans un environnement aléatoire : application au pilotage de systèmes de production." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0222/document.
Full textIn the current international context, companies need to be able to develop strategies to increase their performance and become more competitive. This rapidly changing environment introduces many uncertainties and constraints, making much more difficult to determine the best strategy according to the objectives set. The work developed in this thesis falls within this context and, more precisely, we are interested in the optimization of the control of production systems subject to uncertainties (such as machine failures) in order to minimize the overall costs. For modeling, the continuous-flow model is chosen to represent the material flow moving through the system. This model allows us to integrate transfer and transportation delays between the different components of the system. The analytical resolution method used is based on the sensitivity analysis methods and corresponds to the infinitesimal perturbation analysis method (IPA). This method allows us to deduce, based on learning from sample-paths, a gradient of the overall cost for each of the studies conducted. We prove that these gradients are unbiased, which allows us to use them in numerical simulations. The simulations allow us to determine the decision variables of control strategies of the studied systems. The control integrates the maintenance to the production. For the control of the considered systems, we also take into account constraints linked to the three pillars of sustainable development. These constraints are integrated into our models in terms of costs. Thus, the overall costs may not only include purely economic costs, but also environmental and social costs. We show that the proposed resolution approach may be used to optimize other objectives within a sustainability framework
Da, Silva De Aguiar Raquel Stella. "Optimization-based design of structured LTI controllers for uncertain and infinite-dimensional systems." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESAE0020/document.
Full textNon-smooth optimization techniques help solving difficult engineering problems that would be unsolvable otherwise. Among them, control problems with multiple models or with constraints regarding the structure of the controller. The thesis objectives consist in the exploitation, specialization and development of non smooth optmization techniques and tools for solving engineering problems that are not satisfactorily solved to the present
Hamze, Sandra. "Optimisation multi-objectifs inter-systèmes des groupes motopropulseurs." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT055.
Full textPowertrain systems optimization in modern automobiles relies on model-based systems engineering to cope with the complex automotive systems and challenging control design requirements. Two prerequisites for model-based powertrain optimization are the powertrain simulator and the control design, which ensures a desirable powertrain operation during driving cycles. This thesis revolves around these prerequisites and belongs to the model-in-the-loop phase of the control development lifecycle. It first aims at identifying control-oriented powertrain systems models, particularly linear black-box models because of the merits they present in terms of accessibility to linear control design and facility of integrating changes in the powertrain system technical definition. It also aims at identifying and controlling powertrain systems featuring transport time delay because integrating the delay in the model and control design is crucial on the former’s system representability and on the latter’s optimality. Based on these premises, we address the powertrain from the engine air-path perspective. We first identify a linear black-box state-space (SS) model of a gasoline engine air-path, using an identification algorithm based on subspace methods. Different model orders and algorithm parameters are tested and those yielding the best identification and validation results are made clear, which leads to an 85% time gain in future similar identifications. While this part considers the air-path as a whole, the rest of the work focuses on specific air-path components, notably the electric throttle (ET), the heat-exchanger, and the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). Regarding the ET, we inspire from the physical laws governing the throttle functioning to construct a linear-parameter-varying (LPV) mathematical SS model, which serves to set the regression vector structure of the LPV black-box ARX model, which is representative of an ET test bench and reflects its nonlinearities and discontinuities as it varies from one functioning zone to another. To address the questions of heat and mass transport time delays in the engine air-path, we refer to the heat exchanger and the EGR respectively. Recasting the infinite-dimensional hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs) describing these transport phenomena as a time-delay system facilitates the adjoint system identification and control design. To that end, a space-averaging technique and the method of characteristics are used to decouple the hyperbolic PDEs describing the advective flows in a heat exchanger, and to reformulate them as a time-delay system. Reducing the error between the output temperature of the model and that of a heat exchanger test-bench is what seeks the gradient-descent method used to identify the parameters of the time-delay system, which surpasses the PDEs in terms of identification accuracy and computational efficiency. On the other hand, the EGR is addressed from a control-oriented perspective, and the PDEs describing the mass transport phenomenon in its tubular structure are recast as a SS system subject to output delay. To regulate the burned gas ratio in the intake gas, the amount of recirculated gas is controlled using two indirect optimal control approaches, taking into account the model’s infinite-dimensional nature and accompanied with the Augmented Lagrangian Uzawa method to guarantee the respect of the input and state constraints, thus resulting in a controller of superior performance than the initially existing PID. In general, this thesis is located half-way between the academic and the industrial sectors. By evaluating the eligibility of integrating existing system identification and control theories in real automotive applications, it highlights the merits and demerits of these theories and opens up new prospects in the domain of model-based powertrain systems optimization
Bahri, Imen. "Contribution des systèmes sur puce basés sur FPGA pour les applications embarquées d’entraînement électrique." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CERG0529/document.
Full textDesigning embedded control systems becomes increasingly complex due to the growing of algorithm complexity, the rising of industrials requirements and the nature of application domains. One way to handle with this complexity is to design the corresponding controllers on performing powerful and open digital platforms. More specifically, this PhD deals with the use of FPGA System-on-Chip (SoC) platforms for the implementation of complex AC drive controllers for avionic applications. These latters are characterized by stringent technical issues such as environment conditions (pressure, high temperature) and high performance requirements (high integration, flexibility and efficiency). During this thesis, the author has contributed to design and to test a digital controller for a high temperature synchronous drive that must operate at 200°C ambient. It consists on the Flux Oriented Controller (FOC) for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) associated with a Resolver sensor. A design and validation method has been proposed and tested using a FPGA ProAsicPlus board from Actel-Microsemi Company. The impact of the temperature on the operating frequency has been also analyzed. A state of the art FPGA SoC technology has been also presented. A detailed description of the recent digital platforms and constraints in link with embedded applications was investigated. Thus, the interest of a SoC-based approach for AC drives applications was also established. Additionally and to have full advantages of a SoC based approach, an appropriate HW-SW Co-design methodology for electrical AC drive has been proposed. This method covers the whole development steps of the control application from the specifications to the final experimental validation. One of the main important steps of this method is the HW-SW partitioning. The goal is to find an optimal combination between modules to be implemented in software and those to be implemented in hardware. This multi-objective optimization problem was performed with the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). Thus, the Pareto-Front of optimal solution can be deduced. The illustration of the proposed Co-design methodology was made based on the sensorless speed controller using the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The choice of this benchmark corresponds to a major trend in embedded control of AC drives. Besides, the management of SoC-based architecture of the embedded controller was allowed using an efficient Real-Time Operating System (RTOS). To accelerate the services of this operating system, a Real-Time Unit (RTU) was developed in VHDL and associated to the RTOS. It consists in hardware operating system that moves the scheduling and communication process from software RTOS to hardware. Thus, a significant acceleration has been achieved. The experimentation tests based on digital current controller were also carried out using a laboratory set-up. The obtained results prove the interest of the proposed approach
Dousteyssier, Buvat Hélène. "Sur des techniques déterministes et stochastiques appliquées aux problèmes d'identification." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00346058.
Full textThiesse, Jean-Marc. "Codage vidéo flexible par association d'un décodeur intelligent et d'un encodeur basé optimisation débit-distorsion." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4058.
Full textThis Ph. D. Thesis deals with the improvement of video compression efficiency. Both conventional and breakthrough approaches are investigated in order to propose efficient methods for Intra and Inter coding dedicated to next generations video coding standards. Two tools are studied for the conventional approach. First, syntax elements are cleverly transmitted using a data hiding based method which allows embedding indices into the luminance and chrominance residuals in an optimal way, rate-distortion wise. Secondly, the large motion redundancies are exploited to improve the motion vectors coding. After a statistical analysis of the previously used vectors, an accurate forecast is performed to favor some vector residuals during a last step which modifies the original residual distribution. 90% of the coded vectors are efficiently forecasted by this method which helps to significantly reduce their coding cost. The breakthrough approach comes from the observation of the H. 264/AVC standard and its successor HEVC which are based on a predictive scheme with multiple coding choices, consequently future improvements shall improve texture by extensively using the competition between many coding modes. However, such schemes are bounded by the cost generated by the signaling flags and therefore it is required to transfer some decisions to the decoder side. A framework based on the determination of encoding parameters at both encoder and decoder side is consequently proposed and applied to Intra prediction modes on the one hand, and to the emerging theory of compressed sensing on the other hand. Promising results are reported and confirm the potential of such an innovative solution
Urbain, Loi͏̈c. "Analyse structurée d'un contrôleur temps réel de robot basé sur une génération en ligne des trajectoires." Toulouse, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAT0002.
Full textKendoul, Farid. "Modélisation et commande de véhicules aériens autonomes, et développement d'un pilote automatique basé sur la vision." Compiègne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007COMP1694.
Full textIn this thesis, we address the 3D flight control problem for small unmanned aerial vehicles. The first step in achieving such UA V autonomy is basic stability. In doing so, we investigate control techniques which would allow a small rotorcraft UA V to perform autonomously basic tasks such as take-off, hovering and landing. The proposed flight controllers consider actuator saturation and guarantee system stability and good flight performance. One of the main contributions of this thesis is also the development of a vision-based autopilot for self localization, obstacles detection and control of small autonomous helicopters using optic flow and inertial data. The proposed autopilot is inspired by insects and represents a major step toward our goal of designing autonomous small flying machines capable of navigating within urban and unknown environments. It is composed of a vision module for localization and perception, and an adaptive control system for navigation and trajectory tracking
Chevobbe, Stéphane. "Unité de commande pour systèmes parallèles : contrôleur basé sur la mise en oeuvre dynamique de réseaux de Pétri." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S173.
Full textPicarelli, Athena. "Sur des problèmes de contrôle stochastique avec contraintes sur l'état." Palaiseau, École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESTA0013.
Full textThis thesis deals with Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) approach for some stochastic control problems in presence of state-constraints. This class of problems arises in many challenging applications, and a wide literature has already analysed such problems under some strong compatibility conditions. The main features of the present thesis is to provide new ways to face the presence of constraints without assuming any controllability condition. The first contribution of the thesis in this direction is obtained by exploiting the existing link between backward reachability and optimal control problems. It is shown that by considering a suitable auxiliary unconstrained optimal control problem, the level set approach can be extended to characterize the backward reachable sets under state-constrained. On the other hand the value function associated with a general state constrained stochastic optimal control problem is characterized by means of a state constrained backward reachable set, enabling the application of the level set method for handling the presence of the state constraints. This link between optimal control problems and reachability sets led to the theoretical and numerical analysis of HJB equations with oblique derivative boundary conditions and problems with unbounded controls. Error estimates for Markov-chain approximation represent another contribution of this manuscript. Furthermore, the properties of asymptotic controllability of a stochastic system have also been studied. A generalization of the Zubov method to state constrained stochastic systems is presented. In the last part of the thesis an ergodic optimal control problems in presence of state-constraints are considered
Kachroudi, Sofiene. "Commande et optimisation pour la régulation du trafic urbain mutimodale sur de grands réseaux urbains." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2009EVRY0035/document.
Full textThe need for traffic regulation and improving the transit regularity are facts widely shared within the research and operational environments. The objective of this thesis is to design a strategy to meet these goals through the traffic lights on large urban networks. Topics addressed in this thesis are: traffic modelling: whether it is for general or transit vehicles. For the former, the model reproduces the basic patterns already developed with improvements to accommodate all traffic situations. For transit vehicles, two original models were developed. Construction of criteria: we have constructed two criteria to measure the traffic state. The first, for cars, is the same as that used in other systems of traffic control. The criterion for transit vehicles has been built in an original way to measure the regularity of the vehicles. Multi-objective optimization: the models complexity, the highly non-linear criteria and the constraints of real-time environment have guided the choice of a meta-heuristic called Particle Swarm Optimization. We have implemented two versions and adapted the scheme to the multi-objective case. Closed loop control: the strategy had to respond in real time to changing trafic conditions. We have adopted a classic architecture of the Generalized Model Predictive control and an architecture involving predictive control and the linear quadratic control. This last one is used to initialize and limit the size of the search space for the optimization algorithm. The numerical results obtained by simulation on a virtual network show that the strategy significantly improves the overall traffic and regularity of the transit lines
Pétrault, Christine. "Optimisation du fonctionnement d'une régulation de climatisation sur véhicule ferroviaire - application aux remorques de T. G. V." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2253.
Full textBourgault, Du Coudray Pierre. "Etude et mise en œuvre d'un système de régulation thermique de bâtiment basé sur le principe d'une commande optimale." Paris, ENMP, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENMP0154.
Full textPapastratos, Stylianos. "Modélisation, simulation dynamique et optimisation d'un procédé de fermentation éthanolique basé sur un bioréacteur à membrane : Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECAP0539.
Full textAskri, Tarek. "Vers un contrat de leasing optimisé d’un système multi-machines basé sur l’intégration de la production et de la maintenance." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0376.
Full textAmeliorating the situation of an industry requires certainly reducing costs and maximizing the customer satisfaction. These two goals can't be achieved without a good management and a good knowledge of making decision tools. These decisions are generally associated, at least, with three levels of the hierarchical planning process: strategic, tactical and operational levels. Generally, manufacturing industries aims at determining the most adequate production planning which helps them to minimize costs and hedge against capacity shortages. Releasing such an efficient planning urges firms to have a global vision on their production process which may be looked upon as an inter-dependant set of sub systems performing various functions including ordering raw materials, assembling pieces, controlling quality, repairing machines, storage, etc. But, it is worth mentioning that to ensure the continuous productivity of a firm, managers have to focus especially on both production and maintenance sub-systems and consider them as strongly dependent systems. In this context, many researches were carried out in industrial field dealing with joint production and maintenance planning optimization as a solution to minimize costs and guard against important competitiveness. Such an optimization may be more efficient when considering the degradation of workstations over time while scheduling maintenance actions. Moreover, production and maintenance activities deal with diverse physical resources including mainly workforce and workstations. So, it is worth noting that, while making decisions and proposing planning, a special attention should be made on the manner of managing these resources which remain indispensable for the firm's sustainability. Previously, firms used to buy (and recruit) all physical resources required to fulfill orders. So, these resources are always available at the industry even if they are sometimes more and less needless and useless during some production periods. This may take place especially when the firm has to fulfill fluctuating demand causing consequently drastic costs. Aware about the superfluous costs of possessing, for a long period, resources which can be sometimes pointless, subcontracting and leasing have become very important for many manufacturing firms because of the advantage that these solutions can bring. So, nowadays, these industrial solutions are becoming more and more in vogue concerning mainly subcontracting workforce to perform some tasks (maintenance, supervision, audit,...) or leasing workstations in order to produce the required quantities. In the present work, we deal with a new concept, that no previous work has dealt with, consisting on leasing machines depending on the ordered quantities. In fact, inspired mainly from the HMMS model, carried out by a group of economists who studied the production, inventories and workforce planning considering variable number of human resources, we had the idea to transform the problem from a workforce planning problem to a workstations planning one. Also, aware about the drastic importance of managing the production and the maintenance planning simultaneously, we aim in the present work at suggesting a joint production and maintenance planning optimization under leasing constraint. Otherwise, in our work, dealing with many leased machines, we consider that the number of these used machines does not remain constant and may vary from a production period to another depending on a fluctuating demand over a finite time horizon. Moreover, in the present work we aim at performing a disturbance analysis and to study its contribution to the development of conjugated production and maintenance planning considering leasing constraint and taking into account used machines degradation. Improved maintenance strategy and related constraints are also studied in this work in order to obtain optimal production and maintenance schedules
Boada, Bauxell Josep. "Sur la commande de satellites à entrées saturantes." Toulouse, ISAE, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00564267.
Full textGeveaux, Emmanuel. "Conception d'un environnement de développement des applications de contrôle de procédé basé sur le modèle formel GRAFCET et fondé sur un langage graphique flot de données." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2298.
Full textTik, Sovanna. "Contrôle d'un système intégré d'assainissement urbain basé sur la qualité de l'eau vers des stratégies tolérantes aux fautes." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40351.
Full textRegulation concerning urban wastewater management is evolving towards a holistic approach which leads stakeholders to increasingly consider the integrated urban wastewater system(IUWS), including the sewer system and the water resource recovery facility (WRRF), as a whole. This change of paradigm opens doors to new collaborations between the traditionally separated fields of urban drainage and wastewater treatment operation and research. In this context of innovation and integration, modelling is going to be a key tool, granting a better understanding of the complexity of interactions between the different parts of the IUWS. At the same time, the IUWS has to become more resilient to face the impacts of climate change, the long-term effects of which are difficult to quantify. Still, climate change experts agree on the increasing probability of occurrence of high intensity rain events, reaching the limits of current wastewater infrastructure operational capacities. In order for these infrastructures to continue to provide adequate performance with respect to current norms and regulations, while limiting costs and budgetary needs, flexible solutions, such as implementing real-time control (RTC) systems, should be considered. Especially since recent technological developments bring new and more reliable tools to measure water quality, and also to analyse and manage large quantities of data.This study focuses on the behaviour of the particulate pollution in the IUWS, an important water quality indicator, commonly measured as the total suspended solids (TSS) concentrationand highly correlated with turbidity measurement. As turbidity sensors are readilyavailable with increasing reliability, their operational use can be envisioned. The objective of this thesis is to develop and assess water quality-based control strategies for the IUWS. An integrated - sewer and WRRF - model, using the particle settling velocity distribution (PSVD) approach, has been proposed. This approach improves the description of particle settling and resuspension in the whole system, allowing a better forecast of TSS concentration dynamics, especially during rain events. Based on this integrated model, innovative water quality-based control strategies, aiming at reducing overall discharge of particulate pollutants (and the heavy metals, pathogens, etc. that come with it) to the receiving water during wet weather, have been proposed and successfully tested. Experimental studies demonstrated that turbidity sensors installed in the IUWS are subject to harsh conditions, leading to faulty sensor signals. The performance loss due to the use of water quality-based control strategies affected by a faulty turbidity signal has been evaluatedin detail and this has demonstrated the need for fault detection tools. When a faulty signal is detected, alarms will allow operators to decide which operating mode should be used instead of the one using the now faulty sensor. Alternatively, automatic responses and changes could be implemented to counteract the effects of a faulty signal. This last option, called downgraded operating mode, which implies reverting to a control strategy that does not use the faulty signal, has been simulated and tested. If the fault is detected within reasonable time (which depends on the system dynamics), these simulations have shown that part of the increase of performance gained with the water quality-based strategy using the good signal, can be maintained. The results of this study thus present a strong case for optimizing wastewater infrastructure operations, especially when they are considered as an integrated system, instead of autonomous and mutually exclusive systems. Furthermore, the developed integrated model may be use as a decision support tool to help determine the best possible (integrated) controlstrategy. Keywords : chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT); integrated modelling; integratedurban wastewater system (IUWS); real-time control (RTC); stormwater management.
Balaa, Karla. "Capteur à fibre optique basé sur le principe de Résonance de Plasmons de Surface : optimisation pour la détection d'espèces chimiques." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00291177.
Full textDans une première partie, nous présentons une revue théorique sur les plasmons de surface à l'interface métal – diélectrique. Nous présentons ensuite une étude expérimentale en deux parties : la première décrit la réalisation et la caractérisation des capteurs SPR à fibre optique, la seconde présente l'analyse de la réponse SPR des transducteurs ainsi réalisés. En particulier nous avons caractérisé par des études systématiques l'influence de paramètres physiques importants liés au métal, à la fibre optique et au traitement de surface de la partie sensible par le greffage d'une couche de thiols.
Enfin, nous proposons une étude numérique simulant la réponse du capteur en fonction de différents stimuli. Ce modèle, basée sur le calcul de la réflectance de la lumière à l'interface d'un ensemble multicouches nous a permis de valider l'étude expérimentale et d'étendre les recherches en prenant en compte différent type de molécules cibles. En particulier, nous présentons des résultats sur des molécules absorbants ou non absorbants, greffées ou non à la surface du transducteur. Une comparaison entre résultats expérimentaux et simulations numériques valide l'ensemble du travail et nous permet finalement de proposer une configuration optimisée du capteur, en fonction de la nature de la couche métallique et de la fibre optique, ainsi que des molécules cibles à détecter.
Trad, Georges. "Développement et optimisation des diagnostiques des faisceaux du LHC et du SPS basé sur le suivi de la lumière synchrotron." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENY005/document.
Full textMeasuring the beam transverse emittance is fundamental in every accelerator, in particular for colliders, where its precise determination is essential to maximize the luminosity and thus the performance of the colliding beams. Synchrotron Radiation (SR) is a versatile tool for non-destructive beam diagnostics, since its characteristics are closely related to those of the source beam. At CERN, being the only available diagnostics at high beam intensity and energy, SR monitors are exploited as the proton beam size monitor of the two higher energy machines, the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The thesis work documented in this report focused on the design, development, characterization and optimization of these beam size monitors. Such studies were based on a comprehensive set of theoretical calculations, numerical simulations and experiments.A powerful simulation tool has been developed combining conventional softwares for SR simulation and optics design, thus allowing the description of an SR monitor from its source up to the detector. The simulations were confirmed by direct observations, and a detailed performance studies of the operational SR imaging monitor in the LHC, where different techniques for experimentally validating the system were applied, such as cross-calibrations with the wire scanners at low intensity (that are considered as a reference) and direct comparison with beam sizes de-convoluted from the LHC luminosity measurements.In 2015, the beam sizes to be measured with the further increase of the LHC beam energy to 7 TeV will decrease down to ∼190 μm. In these conditions, the SR imaging technique was found at its limits of applicability since the error on the beam size determination is proportional to the ratio of the system resolution and the measured beam size. Therefore, various solutions were probed to improve the system’s performance such as the choice of one light polarization, the reduction of depth of field effect and the reduction of the imaging wavelength down to 250 nm.In parallel to reducing the diffraction contribution to the resolution broadening, the extraction mirror, found as the main sources of aberrations in the system was redesigned. Its failure was caused by the EM coupling with the beam’s fields that led to overheating and deterioration of the coating. A new system’s geometry featuring a smoother transition in the beam pipe was qualified in terms of longitudinal coupling impedance via the stretched wire technique. A comparison with the older system was carried out and resulted in a reduction of the total power dissipated in the extraction system by at least a factor of four.A new, non-diffraction limited, SR-based monitor based on double slit interferometry was designed as well as an alternative method to the direct imaging. Its principle is based on the direct relation between the interferogram fringes visibility and the beam size.Since the beam emittance is the physical quantity of interest in the performance analysis of the LHC, determining the optical functions at the SR monitors is as relevant as measuring the beam size. The “K-modulation” method for the optical function determination was applied for the first time in the LHC IR4, where most of the profile monitors sit. The βs at the quadrupoles were measured and via two different propagation algorithms the βs at the BSRT and the WS were obtained reducing significantly the uncertainty at the monitors location
Guillet, François. "Développement et optimisation d’un système de stockage d’énergie et de production d’hydrogène basé sur l’électrochimie et la chimie du zinc." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI029.
Full textHydrogen is an energy carrier and a potential asset for helping to lower carbon levels of energetic uses. Water electrolysis is a way of production and a good compromise to generate a large quantity of cheap and low-environmental-impact hydrogen. Compression is used to store hydrogen but electrolysers are technologically limited to reach high pressures. One solution to overcome this problem is decoupling electrolysis. It aims at separating the hydrogen and oxygen production in two steps through mediation oxydizer/reducer. Ergosup company has developed ZHYNCELEC process, using different technologies such as zinc as mediator. The first step is zinc electrodeposition which increases the acidity of solution and lead to an oxygen formation. This step is inspired by industrial zinc electro winning. The second step is the reaction between the metallic deposition and electrolyte producing hydrogen and making the dissolution of zinc. The purpose of this study is the optimisation of ZHYNCELEC process.This work can be divided in three axes of study. First, the selection of the different electrode materials. They are chosen by electrochemical performances and durability. Secondly, electrolyte composition optimization. The key factors are zinc concentration, acid concentration and the possibility of additives presences. The final axe concerns the processing aspect and the operative conditions like temperature, current density, maximal hydrogen pressure and reactor geometry. These three axes cannot be studied separately because of the interaction between the different parameters, which forces at compromising following the aim of the application of the process
Koussa, Badreddin. "Optimisation des performances d'un système de transmission multimédia sans fil basé sur la réduction du PAPR dans des configurations réalistes." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2260/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we are interested on the performances optimization of multimedia transmissions systems with an original contribution combining RF circuits' imperfections presented by the power amplifier (PA) nonlinearities and the transmission channel distortions. The studied system uses the OFDM technique which is the most widespread multicarrier modulation in recent radio communications systems. However, its major drawback is the high PAPR value, which degrades the transmission quality due to the PA nonlinearities. To reduce the PAPR, we first propose to improve the TR method in terms of convergence speed and PAPR reduction, by studying several optimization algorithms. We show that the conjugate gradient algorithm provides the best performance while respecting the frequency specifica-tions of the IEEE 802.11a standard. Thereafter, TR method has been evaluated experimentally in the presence of a commercial PA (SZP-2026Z) and using a measurement bench. It is shown that the TR method improves the quality of service (QoS), with 18% reduction in PA power consumption. The experimental study has resulted to choosing a realistic PA model consider-ing memory effects. This PA model has been integrated into a SISO simulation chain includ-ing also a realistic channel model. This chain is used to evaluate the TR method performances under realistic transmission conditions. Finally, we propose to apply the TR method in a closed-loop MIMO-OFDM chain dedicated to the transmission of scalable multimedia con-tent in a realistic context with the IEEE 802.1n standard. This study presents a new contribu-tion of the TR method evaluation to improve the visual quality of the JPWL transmitted imag-es, considering in the same time the multimedia content, the PA nonlinearity and the channel transmission distortions
Dupriez-Robin, Florian. "Dimensionnement d'une propulsion hybride de voilier, basé sur la modélisation par les flux de puissance." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00732070.
Full textKünzle, Luis Allan. "Raisonnement temporel basé sur les réseaux de Petri pour les systèmes manipulant des ressources." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30150.
Full textBarroso, Angel. "Optimisation des systèmes d'éclairage des bâtiments de l'Université Paul Sabatier basé sur un réseau novateur de type bus continu/basse tension." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30345/document.
Full textLight emitting diodes (LEDs) bring new possibilities to get luminaires more robust with an improved efficiency and more environmentally respectfull. Despite the benefits already achieved today, this type of luminaire still presents some possible optimizations and provides opportunities for multiple features. Through several tests, the author shows on LEDs in market that optimization points are not operated in commercial luminaires. These LEDs have been tested over a wide range of operation in photometric, electrical but also thermal to know the reproducibility of the results. Thus the influences of operating conditions including operating temperature and supply current levels were studied. To design a specific power supply for each LED type, a search of elementary LED models was performed. The objective is to take into account the main parameters of the models but also to be enough simple to be inserted into a system environment to simulate the luminaire in whole environment. Thus, the comparative study of several associations of LEDs was conducted to deduce the best compromise and propose new solutions to reduce energy consumptions and production costs, including new types of power supply
Mondie, Solange. "Application des methodes de decomposition-coordination a l'optimisation de la tension sur le reseau electrique." Toulouse, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAT0014.
Full textAttia, Sid Ahmed. "Sur la commande des systèmes non linéaires à dynamique hybride." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00082495.
Full texthybrid switched systems. A diverse number of applications from automotive industry, fluid dyna-
mics and power systems are treated. Some general open loop optimal and predictive control schemes
are proposed. The main motivation behind each method is the reduction of the combinatorics. In
this thesis, two main contributions can be distinguished. The first one concerns the optimal control
of switched nonlinear systems where an algorithm based on strong variations is proposed and some
convergence results proven. The complexity of the scheme is linear in the number of locations, this
in conjunction with its simplicity makes it attractive for large scale systems. An example from
the automotive industry is treated to further illustrate the tractability of the scheme. The second
contribution concerns the development of a hierarchical approach for switched nonlinear systems.
At the lower level, feedback controllers are associated to each location and at the higher level a
predictive approach with a reduced order parametrization is in force. Based on this methodology,
two schemes are developed and successfully tested in respectively fluid stabilisation by actuator
switching and voltage stabilization in power systems.
Chabot, Franck. "Contribution à la conception d'un entraînement basé sur une machine à aimants permanents fonctionnant sans capteur sur une large plage de vitesse : application au véhicule électrique." Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPT006H.
Full textBernuau, Emmanuel. "Robustesse et stabilité des systèmes non-linéaires : un point de vue basé sur l’homogénéité." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECLI0015/document.
Full textThe purpose of this work is the study of stability and robustness properties of nonlinear systems using homogeneity-based methods. Firstly, we recall the usual context of homogeneous systems as well as their main features. The sequel of this work extends the homogenization of nonlinear systems, which was already defined in the framework of weighted homogeneity, to the more general setting of the geometric homogeneity. The main approximation results are extended. Then we develop a theoretical framework for defining homogeneity of discontinuous systems and/or systems given by a differential inclusion. We show that the well-known properties of homogeneous systems persist in this context. This work is continued by a study of the robustness properties of homogeneous or homogenizable systems. We show that under mild assumptions, these systems are input-to-state stable. Finally, the last part of this work consists in the study of the example of the double integrator system. We synthesize a finite-time stabilizing output feedback, which is shown to be robust with respect to perturbations or discretization by using techniques developed before. Simulations conclude the theoretical study of this system and illustrate its behavior
Malaizé, Jérémy. "Sur certains problèmes de commande et d'observation pour des tables de postionnement de haute précision." Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENMP1499.
Full textHigh-precision positioning of linear brushless synchronous motors used in the semiconductor industry is addressed. An initialization algorithm and controllers for disturbances rejection are designed. The initialization consists in estimating the initial value of the phase of the magnetic field. Only relative displacements measurements are provided. Motor's parameters (gain, load and friction) are assumed unknown. In presence of friction, the system is modeled by a discontinuous right-hand side differential equation. The initial phase is derived as a function of the displacements recorded during the initialization. This estimation scheme relies on an exhaustive classification of the periodic orbits of the considered disontinuous right-hand side system. This method is experimentally compared to a more classical one. We then move on to the cancellation of spatially periodic disturbances cancellation, namely cogging and interpolation errors. They significantly alter trajectory tracking performances. Conditions are derived for a linear controller to entirely reject these nonlinear perturbations. Thanks to a regular perturbation analysis based on the Bell polynomials of the second kind, the tracking error globally asymptotically vanishes. An observer fed by position measurements is designed by evaluating the pertubations along the reference trajectories rather than the actual ones. The gain tuning is performed offline through LMI optimization problems. Little computation is required online, and the efficiency of the method is exhibited via experimental results on production line motors
Kanazy, Redouane. "Pronostic des événements de défaillance basé sur les réseaux de Petri Temporels labellisés." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2020LYSEI132/these.pdf.
Full textThe deployment of decision-support tools increases agility efficiency while reducing the cost of maintaining proper operation. Accidental or intentional shutdowns have disastrous and costly consequences. The scientific community of discrete event systems (DES), has been interested in the cause-effect relationships between certain nominal and dysfunctional states, to propose solutions responding to this problem. Our work is part of the framework of a steering of a system subject to failure events (FE). We have developed a model-based prognostic approach, which predicts the earliest date of occurrence of an FE, allowing the operator to plan repair interventions on components before altering the proper functioning. We modeled the system using labeled temporal Petri nets (RdPTL), since the analysis of its behavioral model is based on the sequentiality and date of occurrence of events. We have represented these dynamics through modeling in a context of mode analysis, limited to 3 modes of operation (nominal, degraded and critical). From its accessibility graph, we have built a prognosticator, which allows us to identify all the sequences of events ending with an FE. We used the notion of parameterization of the system states i.e. the introduction of a clock and a system of clock inequation (SE) for each state of the system. The states obtained from the discretization of time are then grouped in a single state and the SE will determine the values of the clocks. The prognosis cannot always be guaranteed. We then established the prognosticability property, to distinguish the sequences that are prognosticable from those that are not. To validate our approach, we chose a battery cell as a benchmark and the INA tool to generate the accessibility graph
Arnoux, Caroline. "Optimisation d'un procédé d'impression 3D haute résolution à deux photons basé sur la fabrication en parallèle dans des résines photosensibles non-linéaires." Thesis, Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSEN004.
Full textThe fast patterning of sub-micrometric structures with high three-dimensional (3D) spatial resolution over a large area could open new frontiers in many fields such as 3D optical data storage, biomedicine or mechanical and optical micro-devices. Among the various additive manufacturing techniques, two-photon polymerization (TPP) has attracted a high level of interest due to the spatial resolution it offers, below the diffraction limit of the wavelength used. Nevertheless, this technique suffers from a limited writing speed and a high operating cost which slow down its entry on the market.The goal of this thesis project is to increase the building speed of TPP by fabricating several structures in parallel thanks to the combination of an appropriate laser source and diffractive optical elements (DOE) with a low polymerization threshold resin. In this framework, two new two-photon photoinitiators were synthesized and finely characterized using multiple techniques (linear and nonlinear spectroscopies, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, TPP microfabrication, Raman spectroscopy), highlighting their strong potential compared to benchmarks. The polymerization thresholds and the dimensions of the manufactured structures were determined and correlated to a mathematical model. A method for quantifying photoinduced radical generation quantum efficiencies by combining chemical actinometry and 19F NMR spectroscopy has been proposed. Simultaneous parallel printing of 121 structures was performed, revealing issues related to the proximity effects under such fabrication conditions, which we partially solved
Mihaita, Adriana. "Approche probabiliste pour la commande orientée évènement des systèmes stochastiques à commutation." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT036/document.
Full textHybrid systems are dynamical systems, characterized by a dual behaviour, a continuousinteraction between a discrete and a continuous functioning part. The center ofour work is represented by a particular class of hybrid systems, more specific by thestochastic switching systems which we model using continuous time Markov chains anddifferential equations.The random behaviour of such systems requires a special command which adapts tothe arbitrary events that can completely change the evolution of the system. We chose anevent-based control policy which is triggered only when it’s necessary (on an unforeseenevent - for example when a threshold that is reached), and until certain functioningconditions are met (the system returns in the normal state).Our approach aims to develop a probabilistic model that calculates a performancecriterion (in this case the energy of the system) for the proposed control policy. We startby proposing a discrete event simulation for the controlled stochastic switching system,which gives us the opportunity of applying a direct optimisation of the control command.It also allows us to compare the results with the ones obtained by the analytical modelswe have built when the event-based control is applied.An analytical model for computing the energy consumed by the system to apply thecontrol is designed by using the exit probabilities of the control region, respectively, thesojourn times of the Markov chain before and after reaching the control limits. The lastpart of this work presents the results we have obtained when comparing the analyticaland the simulation method
Giftsun, Nirmal. "Handling uncertainty and variability in robot control." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAT0028/document.
Full textAmidst a lot of research in motion planning and control in concern with robotic applications, the mankind has never reached a point yet, where the robots are perfectly functional and autonomous in dynamic settings. Though it is controversial to discuss about the necessity of such robots, it is very important to address the issues that stop us from achieving such a level of autonomy. Industrial robots have evolved to be very reliable and highly productive with more than 1.5 million operational robots in a variety of industries. These robots work in static settings and they literally do what they are programmed for specific usecases, though the robots are flexible enough to be programmed for a variety of tasks. This research work makes an attempt to address these issues that separate both these settings in a profound way with special focus on uncertainties. Practical impossibilities of precise sensing abilities lead to a variety of uncertainties in scenarios where the robot is mobile or the environment is dynamic. This work focuses on developing smart strategies to improve the ability to handle uncertainties robustly in humanoid and industrial robots. First, we focus on a dynamical obstacle avoidance framework proposed for industrial robots equipped with skin sensors for reactivity. Path planning and motion control are usually formalized as separate problems in robotics. High dimensional configuration spaces, changing environment and uncertainties do not allow to plan real-time motion ahead of time requiring a controller to execute the planned trajectory. The fundamental inability to unify both these problems has led to handle the planned trajectory amidst perturbations and unforeseen obstacles using various trajectory execution and deformation mechanisms. The proposed framework uses ’Stack of Tasks’, a hierarchical controller using proximity information to avoid obstacles. Experiments are performed on a UR5 robot to check the validity of the framework and its potential use for collaborative robot applications. Second, we focus on a strategy to model inertial parameters uncertainties in a balance controller for legged robots. Model-based control has become more and more popular in the legged robots community in the last ten years. The key idea is to exploit a model of the system to compute precise motor commands that result in the desired motion. This allows to improve the quality of the motion tracking, while using lower feedback gains, leading so to higher compliance. However, the main flaw of this approach is typically its lack of robustness to modeling errors. In this paper we focus on the robustness of inverse-dynamics control to errors in the inertial parameters of the robot. We assume these parameters to be known, but only with a certain accuracy. We then propose a computationally-efficient optimization-based controller that ensures the balance of the robot despite these uncertainties. We used the proposed controller in simulation to perform different reaching tasks with the HRP-2 humanoid robot, in the presence of various modeling errors. Comparisons against a standard inverse-dynamics controller through hundreds of simulations show the superiority of the proposed controller in ensuring the robot balance
Amri, Hedi. "Un nouveau protocole basé sur la réduction et l'agrandissement des images REPro (Reduction/Expansion Protocol) : appliccation : transmission et archivage pour le télédiagnostic médical." Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA2059.
Full textThe exchang of medical exchange is one of the major obstacles in a telemedicine
Mihaita, Adriana, and Adriana Mihaita. "Approche probabiliste pour la commande orientée évènement des systèmes stochastiques à commutation." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770325.
Full textFrasnedo, Sophie. "Optimisation des lois de commande d’un imageur sur critère optronique. Application à un imageur à deux étages de stabilisation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC079/document.
Full textThe presented work on the Line of Sight stabilization of an optronic device meets the heightened demands regarding stabilization performances that come with the reduction of the time allowed to controller tuning.It includes the intrinsinc improvement of the system stabilization. The proposed solution features a double stabilization stage built from a single stabilization stage existing system. The new architecture is specified and the new components are chosen among the existing technology and experimentally characterized. A complete double stabilization stage model is then proposed.The simplification of the controller tuning process is another goal. The designed cost function F includes a high-level optronic criterion, the Modulation Transfer Function (that quantifies the level of blur broughtinto the image by the residual motion of the platform) instead of the usual low-level and potentially conservative criterion.The function F is costly to evaluate. In order to tune the controller parameters within industrial time constraints, a Bayesian algorithm, adapted to optimization with a reduced budget of evaluations, is implemented.Controllers of both stabilization stages are simultaneously tuned thanks to the previously developped system model
Kim, Yong Kyu. "Analyse de robustesse et ses applications sur l'optimisation H-infini d'un système électromécanique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL070N.
Full textAgrouaz, Younes. "Modélisation et simulation d’un système de rafraîchissement solaire basé sur la machine à absorption couplée aux chauffe-eaux solaires." Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU3008.
Full textIn the last few years, the use of conventional air conditioning system has known an important increase, which directly increase the electricity consumption in different type of building.Therefore, the development of solar cooling system applied to buildings is the new technology that could replace the conventional system of air conditioning. That way, there is a need to understand and evaluate this alternative solution. For that purpose, our Institute of Research in Solar energy and renewable energies (SPCM) has finance a project called Solar cooling in Morocco based on the absorption technology, in order to have a feasibility studies on this kind of systems, in the scope of implementing them in the new generation of buildings. Thus, this thesis treats the solar cooling system using an absorption chiller as the technology of cooling under different conditions and climates. Firstly, it presents a mathematical model of a single effect absorption chiller, in order to understand the dynamic behavior of this kind of machine when they are confronted to a variation in the external conditions such as (solar radiation, external temperature, cooling loads).Moreover, the analysis of the solar cooling system should take into account an energetic and a financial approach to predict all the energetic performances (solar fraction, coefficient of performance, thermal efficiency and exergetic efficiency…) and to optimize the size of the most important component which are the solar collector surface and the storage tank volume. A detailed assessment of these two parameters is investigated in the six climatic zones of Morocco and then it is generalized to nine African capitals in order to give a numerical tool to pre-sizing and optimizing the solar cooling system not only in Morocco but also in all Africa
Mouelhi-Chibani, Wiem. "Apprentissage autonome de réseaux de neurones pour le pilotage en temps réel des systèmes de production basé sur l'optimisation via simulation." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00725259.
Full textGodineau, Kévin. "Optimisation du pilotage de chaînes opto-mécaniques pour l'exécution de trajectoires en fabrication additive par fusion laser sur lit de poudre." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN019.
Full textIn metal additive manufacturing by laser powder bed fusion, the geometry and mechanical characteristics of the produced parts are generated during the manufacturing process. These two aspects are greatly influenced by the laser spot trajectories, and by the control of the energy provided to the powder locally. The numerical control system, whose purpose is to generate instructions to be sent to actuators, has therefore a significant impact on the quality of the parts produced.This work proposes to study the local impact of the operations carried out in the numerical control on both the trajectories executed and the energy provided to the material. In the literature, few studies have addressed these aspects in additive manufacturing. For this reason, an experimental platform is implemented and used to analyze and better understand the operations currently implemented in industrial numerical controls.First, a mathematical model representative of the machine geometry is established. This model converts the laser spot trajectories into instructions for actuators. The model developed is used to improve the calibration step of the machines. Once the system is calibrated, the instructions sent to the actuators are studied. The various processes carried out in the industrial numerical control are analysed, limitations are highlighted and several proposals for improvements are implemented. All these developments are then used to precisely control the energy supplied to the material in the case of certain trajectories adapted to the process. The scientific developments proposed in these works are all validated experimentally on an additive manufacturing machine or on the test bench developed. The work carried out makes it possible to envisage many perspectives concerning the improvement of the treatments carried out inside the numerical control in additive manufacturing
Rekik, Mouna. "Routage géographique multi-chemin basé sur l’intelligence d’essaim pour réseaux de capteurs et d’actionneurs sans fil : application aux Smart Grids." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10059/document.
Full textThe Smart Grid (SG) enables an intelligent management of the electrical grid. The implementation of SGs is conditional to the implementation of a communication infrastructure to exchange data between the entities connected to the grid. This thesis is positioned in the context of wireless sensor networks (WSN) in SGs. Through this work, we have proposed a data routing protocol for the communication network at the distribution level. First, we proposed GRACO, a new geographical routing protocol based on swarm intelligence for WSNs. GRACO uses the geographic routing as a main data routing mechanism, and a recovery process based on ant colony optimization to bypass communication voids. The protocol performances were validated through simulations. By comparing the results to the state of the art, the proposed protocol improves the network performances in terms of data delivery rate, end-to-end delay and delivery cost. Second, we proposed GRACO as the routing protocol for wireless neighborhood area networks (NANs) in SG. GRACO ensures all communication schemes, especially Point-to-Point communication while providing scalability and self-healing capabilities. The feasibility of the protocol in NANs was confirmed through simulations using parameters defined by NIST.Finally, we focused on the qualities of service (QoS) required by NAN's applications. We have added a QoS model to the proposed routing protocol to take account of NAN's communication requirements. The performances of the new protocol were validated through simulations. The results showed that the protocol can satisfy the most severe requirements in terms of reliability and end-to-end delay