Journal articles: 'Comments sections'

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Knustad, Magnus, and Christer Johansson. "Anonymity and Inhibition in Newspaper Comments." Information 12, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12030106.

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Newspaper comment sections allow readers to voice their opinion on a wide range of topics, provide feedback for journalists and editors and may enable public debate. Comment sections have been criticized as a medium for toxic comments. Such behavior in comment sections has been attributed to the effect of anonymity. Several studies have found a relationship between anonymity and toxic comments, based on laboratory conditions or the comparison of comments from different sites or platforms. The current study uses real-world data sampled from The Washington Post and The New York Times, where anonymous and non-anonymous users comment on the same articles. This sampling strategy decreases the possibility of interfering variables, ensuring that any observed differences between the two groups can be explained by anonymity. A small but significant relationship between anonymity and toxic comments was found, though the effects of both the newspaper and the direction of the comment were stronger. While it is true that non-anonymous commenters write fewer toxic comments, we observed that many of the toxic comments were directed at others than the article or author of the original article. This may indicate a way to restrict toxic comments, while allowing anonymity, by restricting the reference to others, e.g., by enforcing writers to focus on the topic.

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Kümpel, Anna S., and Julian Unkel. "Negativity Wins at Last." Journal of Media Psychology 32, no. 2 (April 2020): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000261.

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Abstract. A number of studies show that user comments on news websites can affect news-related judgments and perceptions. However, with news organizations increasingly shifting their comment sections to social network sites (SNS), questions arise about whether this alters previously observed effects. Instead of encountering comments “below the line,” SNS provoke a reversed direction of exposure, suggesting that comments might be read before the news article. Addressing the implications of this shift in direction of exposure, we conducted a preregistered experiment with German participants ( N = 630), in which we varied comment presentation order (before vs. after the article) and comment valence (positive vs. negative) and assessed how these factors influence the way individuals perceive the journalistic quality of commented news articles. The data provide evidence for a negativity bias and presentation order effects, with negative comments showing distinct effects on quality perceptions, particularly when presented after the article.

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Pihlaja, Stephen. "Expressing pleasure and avoiding engagement in online adult video comment sections." Journal of Language and Sexuality 5, no. 1 (February 29, 2016): 94–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jls.5.1.04pih.

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Online video pornography websites have grown into a key online industry and location for pornography consumption. While much work has been done investigating reception of online video generally, discourse analysis of comments and interaction around online pornography remains rare. This article focuses on comments on adult videos, comparing and contrasting the comments on adult videos with other online video sites. The goal is to identify and explain differences and similarities in the content of comments and interaction. The article therefore analyses 22,562 comments taken from the 100 most-viewed videos on the popular porn-hosting website, Pornhub. In contrast to studies of non-pornographic online video pages, analysis shows little interaction among users in comments sections and that offense is largely absent. Building on this analysis, I then discuss why offense does not arise in the comments. Findings suggest that the location of the comments at the point of pornography consumption affects the comment content, resulting in a discourse of solitary pleasure and fantasy rather than community engagement.

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Saldaña, Magdalena, and Andrés Rosenberg. "I Don’t Want You to Be My President! Incivility and Media Bias During the Presidential Election in Chile." Social Media + Society 6, no. 4 (October 2020): 205630512096989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305120969891.

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This study observes two relevant issues in today’s media ecosystem: incivility in online news comments and media bias during election periods. By analyzing 84 stories and 4670 comments published during the 2017 presidential election in Chile, we observed the extent to which news commenters addressed political figures using uncivil discourse, and the extent to which incivility and media bias were related in comments discussing the election. Results indicate incivility in comment sections of Chilean news outlets is higher than that found in the Global North, and the levels of uncivil speech are even higher when the conversation mentions female politicians, especially former president Michelle Bachelet. We also found a relationship between media bias and user bias—stories positively biased toward current president Sebastián Piñera were associated with more positive comments about him. Implications and future research are discussed.

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Naab, Teresa K., Anja Kalch, and Tino GK Meitz. "Flagging uncivil user comments: Effects of intervention information, type of victim, and response comments on bystander behavior." New Media & Society 20, no. 2 (September 28, 2016): 777–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444816670923.

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The study investigates the flagging behavior as specific type of bystander intervention against uncivil user comments in comments sections on news sites. Two experimental studies examine the effects of intervention information, characteristics of response comments, and the type of victim attacked in a comment on flagging behavior, that is on reporting a comment to professional moderators. Our results indicate that intervention information is a promising strategy to motivate flagging. Flagging is based on responsibility attribution to professional moderators but not on self-responsibility perception. Type of victim and characteristics of other users’ posted responses to preceding comments (public disagreement and politeness) shape deviance perceptions of the situation and influence flagging behavior.

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Ziegele, Marc, Teresa K. Naab, and Pablo Jost. "Lonely together? Identifying the determinants of collective corrective action against uncivil comments." New Media & Society 22, no. 5 (August 17, 2019): 731–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444819870130.

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Journalists, scholars, and citizens have raised concerns regarding the high share of incivility in comment sections of news outlets. The current study surveyed members of the social movement #ichbinhier, which aims at collectively countering uncivil comments to cultivate a civil discussion atmosphere in comment sections. We root the activities of #ichbinhier as corrective action and identify the determinants of the members’ engagement by integrating research on bystander behavior and collective action. The findings of our survey show that factors pertaining to individual skills, perceived responsibility, and expected benefits relate to the members’ likelihood to engage against uncivil online comments. Regarding factors derived from collective action research, group efficacy and knowledge of the rules and structures of the movement account for higher levels of engagement. These results shed light on the factors that motivate and inhibit #ichbinhier members—and, potentially, Facebook users in general—to engage against uncivil comments.

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Fonseca Ribeiro, Fábio. "Handling with online comments: a longitudinal approach in most accessed news sites in Portugal, Spain and Brazil." Revista de Comunicación 19, no. 2 (November 9, 2020): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26441/rc19.2-2020-a7.

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Online comments have been a widespread feature in news media. Although audiences recognize it widely, doubts remain about the purpose of these interactive spaces. Arguably, understanding how media value online comments defines a way which public debates are socially perceived. Based on The Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2019, this article analysed current media policies towards online commenting in most accessed news websites in Portugal, Spain and Brazil. Following both a quantitative-qualitative methodology, a direct observation and a textual/visual analysis, this article highlights levels of similarity in these policies: comment sections are still predominantly available (31 from 45); comments are typically placed at the bottom of the page; the interactive options identical (share, like, dislike, report). As the overall cases exclude comment moderation, few media (in Portugal, but mostly in Spain) propose alternative models based on the community: voting, comment ranking and autonomous discussion forums.

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Watson, Brendan R., Zhao Peng, and Seth C. Lewis. "Who will intervene to save news comments? Deviance and social control in communities of news commenters." New Media & Society 21, no. 8 (March 11, 2019): 1840–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444819828328.

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Which bystanders will confront racist, misogynist, personal attacks in news comment sections? This article applies sociological concepts of deviance and social control to categorize efforts to moderate online news comments. Three dimensions of social control are theorized: affirming and sanctioning social control, formal and informal social control, and direct and indirect social control. Particular focus is on indirect informal social control (i.e. rating and reporting of news comments) in order to examine which users are likely to intervene to maintain social order. An analysis of secondary data from a survey of online news users found that demographics play an important role—younger, wealthier, White, males are most likely to report abusive comments. Trust in the news media and authoritarian personality traits also significantly predicted bystander intervention. Theoretical implications for the role of social control in enforcing social norms in news comment spaces and for professional comment moderation are discussed.

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Laestadius, Linnea I., and Mark A. Caldwell. "Is the future of meat palatable? Perceptions of in vitro meat as evidenced by online news comments." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 13 (March 30, 2015): 2457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015000622.

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AbstractObjectiveTo understand current public perceptions of in vitro meat (IVM) in light of its potential to be a more environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional meat.DesignA qualitative content analysis of the comments made on online news articles highlighting the development of IVM and the world’s first IVM hamburger in August 2013.SettingNews article comment sections across seven US-based online news sources (The New York Times, The Los Angeles Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, USA Today, Cable News Network and National Public Radio).SubjectsFour hundred and sixty-two commenters who made eight hundred and fourteen publicly available online comments addressing IVM.ResultsKey themes in commenter perceptions of IVM included environmental and public health benefits, but also negative themes such as IVM’s status as an unnatural and unappealing food. Overall, the tone of comments was more negative than positive.ConclusionsFindings suggest that while the environmental and public health motivations for developing and in turn consuming IVM resonate with some segments of the population, others find that reasoning both uncompelling and problematic. Concerns about IVM as an unnatural and risky product also appear to be a significant barrier to public acceptance of IVM. Supporters of IVM may wish to begin to develop a regulatory strategy for IVM to build public trust and explore messaging strategies that cast IVM as a new technology with benefits to individuals rather than primarily a solution to global challenges. Those in the public health nutrition field can make an important contribution to the emerging public discussion about IVM.

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Sujecka, Jolanta. "Introductory Comments." Colloquia Humanistica, no. 8 (November 27, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/ch.2019.001.

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Introductory CommentsThe eighth issue of Colloquia Humanistica contains two thematic sections: the extensive Hierarchies and Boundaries. Structuring the Social in Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean and a second, shorter section in the Discussions part of the volume, entitled Culture and Economy.This time in the Discussion. Presentations. Book Reviews segment, we offer readers as many as five reviews and also one presentation of an interesting series from the Faculty of Humanities at Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen (Bulgaria), Limes Slavicus. Uwagi wstępneÓsmy numer Colloquia Humanistica zawiera dwa bloki tematyczne, pierwszy obszerny, zatytułowany Hierarchies and Boundaries. Structuring the Social in Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean i drugi krótszy umieszczony w dziale Discussions, noszący tytuł Culture and Economy.W dziale Discussion. Presentations. Book Reviews tym razem mamy do zaoferowania czytelnikowi aż pięć recenzji i jedną prezentację ciekawej serii wydawniczej the Faculty of Humanities at Konstantin Preslavsky University of Shumen (Bułgaria) Limes Slavicus.

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Heinbach, Dominique, Marc Ziegele, and Oliver Quiring. "Sleeper effect from below: Long-term effects of source credibility and user comments on the persuasiveness of news articles." New Media & Society 20, no. 12 (July 11, 2018): 4765–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444818784472.

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User comments on news websites are a controversial element of online communication. Various studies have reported the negative effects of comments criticizing the related news articles on readers’ attitudes toward the issues described in these articles. However, these findings are mostly based on measurements directly after the reception of comments. No research has investigated the long-term effects of comments on readers’ article-related attitudes and compared them with the effects of cues emanating from the articles themselves. Therefore, this study transferred the sleeper effect in persuasion to news sites with comment sections. In a 2 × 2-experiment, the persuasiveness of an article was measured immediately after reception and after a delay of 2 weeks. Low/high source credibility and negative/positive user comments served as discounting/acceptance cues. Results suggest that user comments caused a relative sleeper effect of the article-induced persuasion; they affected the article’s persuasiveness in the short term, but not in the long term.

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Castellano Parra, Orge, Koldobika Meso Ayerdi, and Simón Peña Fernández. "Behind the Comments Section: The Ethics of Digital Native News Discussions." Media and Communication 8, no. 2 (April 16, 2020): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v8i2.2724.

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Initially offered as a digital public sphere forum, comments sections became the preferred democratic arena for gatekeepers to encourage their readers to engage in constructive dialogue about relevant issues. However, news sites require commenters to remain civil in their interactions, which led users to seek alternative ways of commenting on the news. This article explores in-depth the contents of a sample of 98,426 user-comments collected between February–March 2019 from three major Spanish digital native newspapers: ElDiario.es, ElEspañol.com, and ElConfidencial.com. The main goals were to analyze whether comments in news outlets are deliberative, to assess the quality of the debate that takes place in them, and to describe their specific features. Discourse ethics were explored to determine the discussions’ impact, the language used, the acceptance of arguments, and the recognition and civility of participants. Findings reveal that comments sections in news outlets do not have a dialogic nature and that the debates have a low-quality profile. Nonetheless, the degree of mutual respect in interaction is acceptable, with slightly observed levels of incivility. Finally, the data suggest that the focused comments are higher on social media and that memes and emojis represent a new form of digital discourse.

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Wardoyo, Cipto. "CONTAGIOUSNESS OF POLITENESS ON YOUTUBE." PARADIGM 2, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/prdg.v2i2.7752.

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This study tries to shed a light on whether politeness strategies used in YouTube comment sections’ online discussion are contagious. Particularly, it explores the politeness strategies used in comments and replies from the three most popular videos in 2018 of “The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon” YouTube channel. By using a qualitative design with computer - mediated discourse analysis approach, this study confirms that politeness strategies used in the comment sections are contagious. It is also revealed that impolite strategies dominate the whole discussions even in funny content and the level of impoliteness increases as the degree of disagreement gets higher.

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Hopkins, Kane, and Donald Matheson. "Talking in a Crowded Room: Political Blogging during the 2008 New Zealand General Election." Media International Australia 144, no. 1 (August 2012): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1214400115.

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This article analyses two of New Zealand's foremost political blogs on public affairs in the four weeks prior to the 2008 New Zealand general election. The 2008 election represents, we argue, a moment when the scale and reach of blogging propelled it to a position of significance in New Zealand media. The study uses content analysis to track the material posted on these blogs and in their comments sections. It is concerned primarily with quantifying the kind of debate to be found there and, through that, analysing how these blogs contribute to the quality of public life. The findings show that while a small number of blogs dominate, one blog's comments section has seen significant growth in the number of individual commenters participating in political discussion. It therefore stands as a useful case study of how blogging has found a place within this country's mediated politics.

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Kitching, Karen A., Mikhail Pevzner, and Nathaniel M. Stephens. "Comments by the Auditing Standards Committee of the Auditing Section of the American Accounting Association on the COSO request for comments on Internal Control over External Financial Reporting: Compendium of Approaches and Examples." Current Issues in Auditing 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2013): C30—C33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ciia-50475.

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SUMMARY On September 18, 2012, the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) solicited public comments on its exposure draft of the document entitled Internal Control over External Financial Reporting: Compendium of Approaches and Examples (Compendium). According to COSO's press release, the Compendium is part of its project to update the Internal Control—Integrated Framework (Framework) and is meant to “assist users when applying the Framework to external financial reporting objectives.” The 63-day comment period ended on November 20, 2012. This commentary summarizes the contributors' views on this exposure draft (the exposure draft and other related information can be accessed at: http://www.pwc.com/us/en/cfodirect/publications/in-brief/2012-43-coso-releases-internal-control-compendium-for-public.jhtml and the associated updated Framework. Comments are separated into two sections: general comments, and comments in response to specific questions posed by COSO in its request for feedback.

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Lück, Julia, and Carlotta Nardi. "Incivility in user comments on online news articles: Investigating the role of opinion dissonance for the effects of incivility on attitudes, emotions and the willingness to participate." Studies in Communication and Media 8, no. 3 (2019): 311–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2192-4007-2019-3-311.

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Online discussions in comment sections on news websites often do not follow deliberative standards but are instead marked by uncivil expressions of disaffirmation and frustration. This study investigates the effects uncivil statements can have on readers of those comments, especially when the opinion expressed in that comment is contrary to their beliefs. In an online experiment embedded in an online survey 427 participants were confronted with a neutral news article that was accompanied by either civil or uncivil user comments that supported or opposed their own opinions (2×2 between-subject design). Articles and commentaries dealt with the refugee question in Germany. The research focuses on readers’ open-mindedness, willingness to talk to the other side, attitude certainty, moral indignation and willingness to participate in online and offline activities when being exposed to incivility in an online debate. The results support the assumption that incivility has detrimental effects for a deliberative online discussion, but we cannot confirm that the combination of uncivil and unlike-minded comments has the most adverse effects.

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Humprecht, Edda, Lea Hellmueller, and Juliane A. Lischka. "Hostile Emotions in News Comments: A Cross-National Analysis of Facebook Discussions." Social Media + Society 6, no. 1 (January 2020): 205630512091248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305120912481.

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Recent work demonstrates that hostile emotions can contribute to a strong polarization of political discussion on social media. However, little is known regarding the extent to which media organizations and media systems trigger hostile emotions. We content-analyzed comments on Facebook pages from six news organizations ( N = 1,800) based in the United States and Germany. Our results indicate that German news organizations’ Facebook comments are more balanced, containing lower levels of hostile emotions. Such emotions are particularly prevalent in the polarized information environment of the United States—in both news posts and comments. Moreover, alternative right-wing media outlets in both countries provoke significantly higher levels of hostile emotions, thus limiting deliberative discussions. Our results demonstrate that the application of technology—such as the use of comment sections—has different implications depending on cultural and social contexts.

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Vince, A. "Appendix V: Report on the Thin-Sections of Pottery and Clay from Sarn-Y-Bryn-Caled and Coed-Y-Dinas." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 60, S1 (1994): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00078373.

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Samples of fired clay (L595), Peterborough Ware (L596. LS97, L598) and Beaker pottery (L599-602) were submitted for examination. They were studied using a x20 binocular microscope and in thin-section. The thin-sections were prepared using Dickson’s Method of saining, which distinguishes various types of carbonaie, although in this case none of the samples contained calcareous inclusions.The dun sections were examined using a standardised procedure and die abundance, maximum size and any relevant comments were recorded for the following inclusion types:

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Naef, Marcel. ""Und ich hab damals für dich ge-Voted…" – Online-Kommentarforen zwischen Text, Diskurs und Gemeinschaft." Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature 45, no. 2 (July 6, 2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/lsmll.2021.45.2.27-38.

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Using examples from comment sections in the Swiss online news site watson.ch, we investigate the question whether such online reader communities show traces of communal relationships (in the sense of Max Weber) and if such an understanding is compatible with the concept of discourse communities. To this end, we first outline the conflicting theoretical assumptions that linguistic and sociological understandings of communities imply for the concept of discourse communities. Afterwards, we use selected online reader comments to show how traditional features of community formation can be detected empirically in the comment section. To conclude, we argue that Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory can serve as a framework to integrate different types of community formation processes on an empirical and a theoretical level.

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Kleut, Jelena, and Brankica Drašković. "Discourses of poverty across genres: Competing representations of the poor in the transitional context of Serbia." Discourse & Society 32, no. 1 (October 15, 2020): 42–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926520961629.

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This article examines representations of the poor across three genres – the government’s Bulletin on Social Inclusion and Poverty Reduction, online news and online user comments – during the period that immediately followed the expiration of the first Serbian Poverty Reduction Strategy (2010–2012). The results show differences in the actors’ representation, and in attribution of causal and treatment responsibility. The Bulletin is characterised by the discourse of social inclusion, activation and responsibilisation of the poor. This discourse does not reach the news, which portrays the poor as passive beneficiaries of the government actions, as individuals in extreme poverty, and as the agentic working poor protesting for wages. In the online user comments, poverty is articulated as the personal experience of the commenters. The news discourse of state responsibility is echoed in the comments sections and further recontextualised into the discourse of political responsibility.

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Su, Leona Yi-Fan, Michael A. Xenos, Kathleen M. Rose, Christopher Wirz, Dietram A. Scheufele, and Dominique Brossard. "Uncivil and personal? Comparing patterns of incivility in comments on the Facebook pages of news outlets." New Media & Society 20, no. 10 (February 19, 2018): 3678–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444818757205.

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Social media and its embedded user commentary are playing increasingly influential roles in the news process. However, researchers’ understanding of the social media commenting environment remains limited, despite rising concerns over uncivil comments. Accordingly, this study used a supervised machine learning–based method of content analysis to examine the extent and patterns of incivility in the comment sections of 42 US news outlets’ Facebook pages over an 18-month period in 2015–2016. These outlets were selected as being broadly representative of national, local, conservative, and liberal-news media. The findings provide the first empirical evidence that both the level and the targets of incivility in the comments posted on news outlets’ Facebook pages vary greatly according to such entities’ general type and ideological stance.

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Thiers, Barbara M. "A Re-evaluation of Cheilolejeunea subgenus Xenolejeunea." Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 5, no. 1 (December 1, 1992): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.5.1.5.

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Cheilolejeunea subgenus Xenolejeunea Kachroo & Schust. is emended to account for variability observed in stem anatomy and lobule structure. Cheilolejeunea subgenus Tegulilejeunea Schust. is reduced to synonymy with subgenus Xenolejeunea. A new sectional classification of subgenus Xenolejeunea is proposed (sections Gigantae, Meyenianae, and Xenolejeunea). A key distinguishes among the sections and the 10 species accepted in the subgenus, which is known from Australasia, Oceania and tropical Asia. A nomenclator and discussion is provided for each species. Comments on excluded species conclude the treatment.

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Giordano, Matteo, and Enrico Meggiolaro. "Comments on high-energy total cross sections in QCD." Physics Letters B 744 (May 2015): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2015.03.060.

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Brenot, J. C., M. Durup-Ferguson, J. A. Fayeton, K. Goudjil, and M. Barat. "Comments on the various representations of differential cross sections." Chemical Physics 179, no. 3 (February 1994): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(94)87030-6.

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Walker, J. D., Sehoya H. Cotner, Paul M. Baepler, and Mark D. Decker. "A Delicate Balance: Integrating Active Learning into a Large Lecture Course." CBE—Life Sciences Education 7, no. 4 (December 2008): 361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.08-02-0004.

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A lecture section of introductory biology that historically enrolled more than 500 students was split into two smaller sections of approximately 250 students each. A traditional lecture format was followed in the “traditional” section; lecture time in the “active” section was drastically reduced in favor of a variety of in-class student-centered activities. Students in both sections took unannounced quizzes and multiple-choice exams. Evaluation consisted of comparisons of student survey responses, scores on standardized teaching evaluation forms, section averages and attendance, and open-ended student comments on end-of-term surveys. Results demonstrate that students perform as well, if not better, in an active versus traditional environment. However, student concerns about instructor expectations indicate that a judicious balance of student-centered activities and presentation-style instruction may be the best approach.

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Martin, J. R. "Interpersonal meaning." Interpersonal Meaning 25, no. 1 (August 10, 2018): 2–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.17018.mar.

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Abstract This introduction comprises four main sections. Section 1 introduces the overall theoretical architecture of Systemic Functional Linguistics (hereafter SFL) by way of contextualising the focus on interpersonal grammar in this special issue. Section 2 looks in more detail at the interpersonal discourse semantics underlying this work, briefly introducing the systems of negotiation and appraisal realised through interpersonal grammar. Section 3 turns to the concept of grammatical metaphor, a concept which bears critically on the realisation relationship between interpersonal discourse semantics and lexicogrammar in SFL. Section 4 comments on the challenge of intradisciplinary dialogue.

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Toepfl, Florian, and Eunike Piwoni. "Targeting dominant publics: How counterpublic commenters align their efforts with mainstream news." New Media & Society 20, no. 5 (June 9, 2017): 2011–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444817712085.

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This study illustrates how the emphasis structure of counterpublic discourses surfacing online can be predicted by that of the dominant publics that these counterpublics—at the argumentative level—so resolutely oppose. Deploying a single common case study design, the article scrutinizes a counterpublic discourse that surfaced in the comment sections of Germany’s opinion-leading news websites in the week after the surprising electoral success of a new anti-Euro party, the Alternative für Deutschland (AfD). Quantitative content analysis identifies 75% of all comments posted ( N = 2955) to all articles about the AfD ( N = 19) as part of an anti-Euro counterpublic. While this counterpublic sharply opposed the editorial lines of Germany’s unanimously pro-common-currency media, it still aligned its efforts closely with this dominant public—albeit at a deeper level. As the findings demonstrate, the frequencies with which commenters adopted six emphasis frames were significantly predicted by the frequencies of these frames in mainstream news.

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Frischlich, Lena, Svenja Boberg, and Thorsten Quandt. "Comment Sections as Targets of Dark Participation? Journalists’ Evaluation and Moderation of Deviant User Comments." Journalism Studies 20, no. 14 (January 11, 2019): 2014–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1461670x.2018.1556320.

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Ziegele, Marc, Oliver Quiring, Katharina Esau, and Dennis Friess. "Linking News Value Theory With Online Deliberation: How News Factors and Illustration Factors in News Articles Affect the Deliberative Quality of User Discussions in SNS’ Comment Sections." Communication Research 47, no. 6 (September 10, 2018): 860–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093650218797884.

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Previous research suggests that distinct characteristics of news articles, such as their news factors, account for the different participation rates in comment sections as well as the degree of interactivity among the discussants. In this study, this assumption is tested in the Facebook environment and extended to the analysis of how news factors (i.e., event characteristics) and illustration factors (i.e., characteristics resulting from a specific journalistic editing) of news articles predict the inclusiveness of discussions, as well as the occurrence of civility, rationality, and deliberative interactivity in user comments. A content analysis of 619 news articles and 11,218 related user comments on nine nation-wide Facebook news pages reveals that the news factors controversy, latent conflict, contravention, obtrusiveness, and impact particularly account for specific discussion qualities. The results also show that the illustration factors emotional language/ visualizations, slant, and conversational prompts affect the deliberative quality of the discussions.

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Secko, David M., Stephany Tlalka, Morgan Dunlop, Ami Kingdon, and Elyse Amend. "The unfinished science story: Journalist–audience interactions from the Globe and Mail’s online health and science sections." Journalism 12, no. 7 (September 8, 2011): 814–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884911412704.

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Science journalists are increasingly confronted with the ability of audiences to comment on science stories, create and share multimedia content, and blog about science. Yet, there is a surprising lack of literature exploring the narrative impacts of such changes on science journalism. To fill this gap, this article draws on the concept of the ‘unfinished’ science story to provide a narrative analysis of story-commentary sets from a Canadian newspaper (the Globe and Mail). It shows how the authority to ‘finish’ a scientific narrative now faces: (1) the opening up of science journalism narratives to raw experience; (2) the reframing of issues by audience comments; (3) the emergence of a journalists–audience ‘stress test’; and (4) the heavy existence of negative commentary.

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KRAFT, JAMES. "Philip Quinn's contribution to the epistemic challenge of religious diversity." Religious Studies 42, no. 4 (October 18, 2006): 453–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412506008481.

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In this essay I describe seven central characteristics of Philip Quinn's approach to the epistemic challenge of religious diversity as they surface in his responses to other contemporary approaches. In the process an assessment is given of Quinn's contribution, and continued relevance, to the contemporary discussions about this topic. The first three sections describe Quinn's confrontations with Alvin Plantinga, William Alston, and John Hick. The next section presents critical comments on Quinn's unique notion of thinning.

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BÜNGER, MARIANA DE OLIVEIRA, FIORELLA FERNANDA MAZINE, and JOÃO RENATO STEHMANN. "Revision of Eugenia section Phyllocalyx (Myrtaceae)." Phytotaxa 474, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.474.2.1.

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Eugenia section Phyllocalyx, a mainly Brazilian Atlantic Forest group of 16 species, is revised based on a study of over 2000 plant collections. The relationships of Eugenia sect. Phyllocalyx to other sections in Eugenia are discussed. All species are described and comments about geographic distribution and morphology are provided. An identification key and notes about its conservation status are also presented. Lectotypes are chosen for six species and second-step lectotypification is proposed for two species.

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Laakso, T. I. "Comments on "Comments on "Calculations of L norms for scaling second-order state-space digital filter sections." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing 39, no. 4 (April 1992): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/82.136579.

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Simion, Stefan. "Comments on “Complex Impedance Transformers Consisting of Only Transmission-Line Sections”." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 61, no. 2 (February 2013): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2012.2231427.

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Raju, G. G. "Electron-atom collision cross sections in argon: an analysis and comments." IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 11, no. 4 (August 2004): 649–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdei.2004.1324355.

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Andersson, Linus. "There is No Alternative: The Critical Potential of Alternative Media in the Face of Neoliberalism." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 10, no. 2 (October 10, 2012): 752–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v10i2.357.

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The article discusses the concept of “the alternative” and the media through four sections. The first section discusses neoliberalism and the connection between neoliberal doctrine and mainstream media. This connection is described as promoting “public amnesia”, financialization and economization of news journalism, and social divide. The second section discusses alternative media from the perspective of new social movements and symbolic resistance, claiming that the symbolic resistance framework undermines the critical potential of alternative media. The third section comments on some recent critical literature on neoliberalism and capitalism. The fourth section takes examples from artistic explorations of capitalism and television to propose how a media of the alternative might learn from art practices.

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Allen, Derek. "Wohlrapp's concept of justification." Informal Logic 37, no. 3 (September 11, 2017): 170–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/il.v37i3.4936.

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The first two sections of this paper jointly comprise an edited version of the commentary I presented in the panel discussion of Harald R. Wohlrapp, The concept of argument: A philosophical foundation at the OSSA 11 conference, May 2016. My principal focus was on a claim Wohlrapp makes about the extent to which his concept of justification is "reconcilable" with the views of current philosophers about justifications. Following the conference, Wohlrapp sent me a response to my commentary. In section 3, I report and reply to three of the comments he made in his response.

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Marcinkowski, Bartosz. "OCHRONA DANYCH OSOBOWYCH W IRLANDII." Zeszyty Prawnicze 8, no. 2 (June 25, 2017): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2008.8.2.11.

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Personal Data Protection in IrelandSummaryThe article is a short review of the personal data protection system in the Republic of Ireland. The review is made in the light of the Polish Data Protection Act of 1997 and Directive 95/46/EC (sections I and II).The introductory parts (sections I and II) include general remarks on the increasing importance and value of privacy and personal data. This increase results, among other things, from rapid development of the Internet and modern data processing and mining measures.Subsequently, in section III, the author discusses the constitutional environment of privacy and personal data protection rules in Ireland, as well as the role of court precedents and Directive 95/46/EC in this respect.Next part of the article (section IV) is dedicated to practical data protection issues identified and discussed by Irish authors, including specific exposures as well as differences between definitions in the Irish Data Protection Acts 1988-2003 and the UK Data Protection Act 1998, and influence of the latter (UK) Act on the Irish Data Protection Commissionaire’s decisionmaking process.Further comments (section V) focus on Data Protection Commissionaire’s rights and obligations (including in particular comments on the Data Protection Commissionaire’s free and friendly consultancy policy).The conclusion (section VI) briefly and synthetically summarizes similarities and differences between Irish and Polish personal data protection rules and practices, stressing issues requiring the European-wide common approach (e.g. in the fields of basic definitions or CCTV legal issues).Finally, the author observes that Polish authors’ reflections on personal data protection and the Polish practice are not inferior to the Irish ones even though Irish regulations have been in place for 10 years longer than the Polish ones.

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Goor, Mark B., Sandra S. Weeks, Gina L. Lomax, and Stephen F. Davis. "Topics and Comments: A Student-Feedback Technique for Evaluating the Influence of an Instructional Approach." Psychological Reports 72, no. 2 (April 1993): 459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.72.2.459.

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An easily implemented, student-feedback technique, which indexes the influence of a lesson by evaluating students' recall of key topics and relevant comments made during class, is assessed by analyzing feedback collected after two types of lessons. Seven instructors requested feedback from 259 students in ten sections of introduction to psychology. Data indicate that this student-feedback process is sensitive to instructional approaches. Specifically, when comparing lecture presentations with student-centered activities in introductory psychology classes, feedback varied in terms of (a) the way students phrased the key idea, (b) the percent of comments attributed to instructors versus peers, (c) the relevance of those comments, and (d) students' agreement on the main idea of the lesson.

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Park, Myun-Joo. "Comments on "A Compact Dual-Band 90°Coupler With Coupled-Line Sections." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 60, no. 1 (January 2012): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2011.2175243.

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Juneström, Amalia. "Emerging practices for managing user misconduct in online news media comments sections." Journal of Documentation 75, no. 4 (July 8, 2019): 694–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-09-2018-0143.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to bridge a gap in knowledge on the professional information practices of a group of people whose daily work of managing user-generated content online exposes them to users whom they perceive as acting aggressively or otherwise offensively online. Design/methodology/approach Journalists’ narratives of practices for managing and responding to user comments perceived as offensive are analysed qualitatively. For this purpose, ten interviews with journalists from nine different news organisations in Sweden, Denmark, Germany and Canada were conducted. Findings The study finds that the environment in which the journalists work plays a vital role in the evolution of the practices. Practices, indissolubly tied to the contexts or sites in which people’s activities take place, are conditioned by moral values, traditions and collective experiences which journalists enact through the practice they engage in when they are dealing with user posts online. The site, conceived as an information landscape, is that of the newsroom. Practices for managing users online evolve through actors participating in a process of learning and their ability to adopt the cultural norms and values of their environment. Originality/value This study sheds light on the mechanisms behind the evolution of practices for handling user-generated content online and it reports on the importance of properties such as norms, values and emotions for how things are done in the information landscape of news journalism.

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Ziegele, Marc, Pablo Jost, Marike Bormann, and Dominique Heinbach. "Journalistic counter-voices in comment sections: Patterns, determinants, and potential consequences of interactive moderation of uncivil user comments." Studies in Communication | Media 7, no. 4 (2018): 525–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2192-4007-2018-4-525.

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Peng, Jian-E., and Yuting Zheng. "Metadiscourse and Voice Construction in Discussion Sections in BA Theses by Chinese University Students Majoring in English." SAGE Open 11, no. 2 (April 2021): 215824402110088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211008870.

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Voice is considered essential in academic writing, and metadiscourse is an important device contributing to voice. This study explores the use of metadiscourse and voice construction in Bachelor of Arts (BA) theses written at the onset and final stages by university undergraduates majoring in English in China. A corpus consisting of the discussion sections in the first and final versions of 35 BA theses was built, annotated, and analyzed. Two academics from this university were then invited to evaluate 10 pairs of the texts and specify textual elements that conveyed voice and to provide further comments in a follow-up interview. Results showed that the students used significantly more evidentials, hedges, and boosters in the final versions. The reviewers perceived minor growth in voice strength from the sample texts, and they commented that both content-related features and metadiscourse contributed to voice. This study highlights the importance of cultivating undergraduates’ awareness of voice construction and the use of metadiscourse in academic writing.

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Brun, Henri. "Quelques notes sur les articles 1, 2, 7 et 15 de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés." Les Cahiers de droit 23, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 781–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042514ar.

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This short article simply comments on sections 1, 2, 7 and 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms : That is to say, on the interpretation, freedom of expression, due process and equality clauses. The author suggests some explanations of these texts.

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Lerche, Ian. "Basin Analysis Codes: Strategies for Use Based on Data Availability." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 9, no. 6 (December 1991): 375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459879100900604.

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Based upon many quantitative case histories of basins, evaluated by several basin analysis groups, some general patterns of application of codes are developing. Here we set down some ideas for using quantitative basin analysis codes when minimal, moderate or maximal quantities of high quality data are available. While strategies for each basin have to be tailored to the specific geologic setting of each basin, nevertheless some general patterns of development seem to be of generic validity. Three stategies are outlined as follows: (a) Minimal data (Table 1 and Section II) (b) Moderate data (Table 2 and Section III) (c) Maximal data (Table 3 and Section IV) In addition, comments are provided on using basin analysis codes and seismic sections in an integrated manner (section V); while the quandary between corporate applications versus basic research development is briefly considered in section VI.

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Burkschat, Marco. "COMMENTS ON THE SURVEY BY BALAKRISHNAN AND ZHAO." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 27, no. 4 (August 13, 2013): 465–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026996481300020x.

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At first, I would like to thank the authors for giving the detailed survey on the current state of stochastic orderings of order statistics from heterogeneous populations. Their review illustrates the fast development of research in this area during the recent years, in particular including many important contributions by the authors themselves. Besides the concrete open problems given in the different sections of the review, the following general topics may be also of interest for further studies.

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Deubner, Franz-Ludwig. "Comments on Solar Convection." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 121 (1990): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100067865.

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AbstractThis contribution discusses observational aspects of the evolution of individual structures of solar convection.It has been shown, that mesogranulation is a convective phenomenon that fits well into the gap between granulation and supergranulation. Apparently this observation justifies the view that the three members of the granulation family represent sections of a broad continuum of convective motions spanning the range of sizes from a yet unknown fraction of 1 Mm to about 50 Mm. Nevertheless, power spectra of velocity and brightness fluctuations exhibit three maxima, separated by intervals with significantly less power near 3 Mm and 7.5 Mm. Do these gaps give reasons for reconsidering the old idea, that each of the three characteristic scales has its own source layer at a certain depth in the convection zone?Power spectra of the granular energy distribution near the observational limit of spatial resolution suggest a continuous transfer of kinetic energy to smaller eddies by turbulent decay of the larger scale elements. Morphological studies of granular evolution and a comparison of the observed spectral line bisectors with theoretical predictions seem to disprove this idea. These observations imply either that the turbulent cascade, if it exists, is buried in the spatially unresolved part of the power distribution, or that radiative losses ultimately limit the life time of individual granules on all scales.

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Ball, Andrew J. "Editor's Introduction." Screen Bodies 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): v—vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/screen.2020.050101.

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I am pleased to introduce the penultimate entry in our series of four issues featuring “Screen Shots” curated by a multidisciplinary group of guest editors. Each of these special sections has taken up a vital line of inquiry. The first focused on “Screening Indigenous Bodies” (4.1) and was followed by our issue on “Screening Surveillance” (4.2). In the current “Screen Shot,” edited by Wibke Straube of the Centre for Gender Studies, Karlstad University, our authors address the critically relevant topic of “Screening Non-Binary and Trans Bodies.” As Dr. Straube has offered introductory remarks on this section, I will limit my comments to the three general articles in this issue.

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Baker, Keith. "Determining Resident Clinical Performance." Anesthesiology 115, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 862–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e318229a27d.

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Background Valid and reliable (dependable) assessment of resident clinical skills is essential for learning, promotion, and remediation. Competency is defined as what a physician can do, whereas performance is what a physician does in everyday practice. There is an ongoing need for valid and reliable measures of resident clinical performance. Methods Anesthesia residents were evaluated confidentially on a weekly basis by faculty members who supervised them. The electronic evaluation form had five sections, including a rating section for absolute and relative-to-peers performance under each of the six Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education core competencies, clinical competency committee questions, rater confidence in having the resident perform cases of increasing difficulty, and comment sections. Residents and their faculty mentors were provided with the resident's formative comments on a biweekly basis. Results From July 2008 to June 2010, 140 faculty members returned 14,469 evaluations on 108 residents. Faculty scores were pervasively positively biased and affected by idiosyncratic score range usage. These effects were eliminated by normalizing each performance score to the unique scoring characteristics of each faculty member (Z-scores). Individual Z-scores had low amounts of performance information, but signal averaging allowed determination of reliable performance scores. Average Z-scores were stable over time, related to external measures of medical knowledge, identified residents referred to the clinical competency committee, and increased when performance improved because of an intervention. Conclusions This study demonstrates a reliable and valid clinical performance assessment system for residents at all levels of training.

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Donato, Anthony A., and Ilene Harris. "Use of Portfolios for Assessment of Resident Teaching Skills." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 476–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-12-00309.1.

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Abstract Background Portfolios are effective instruments for assessment of teaching skills among professional teachers and have recently been adapted in medical education. However, scoring rubrics are needed to effectively guide assessors. Intervention Portfolio assessors reviewed and made assessment comments about the resident-as-teacher sections of 11 internal medicine residents' electronic portfolios and discussed their assessments in an assessor group discussion. We performed qualitative analyses of written and oral comments. Major themes were identified, and member checking and triangulation with the literature was performed to evaluate the trustworthiness of the qualitative analysis. Results Three faculty educators reviewed and commented on 241 uploaded e-portfolio documents accompanying reflections. Three major themes were identified: Application of Teaching Skills, Presentation Skills, and Insights as a Teacher. Themes and subthemes matched closely to several components of the conceptual framework of effective presentations formulated in Glassick standards for scholarly work, as well as themes found in assessments of professional teachers' portfolios. Conclusions Assessments of portfolios by experienced faculty educators appear to be useful for identifying many important facets of formal teaching presentations and may be useful for creation of a scoring rubric.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Comments sections'

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