Dissertations / Theses: 'Commercial design'

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Carlberg, Henrik. "Concept Design of a Commercial Submarine." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15300.

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Oil and gas production in the Arctic poses several new challenges that require new solutions. One such is the use of manned submarines for light intervention tasks. The submarine is completely independent of the surface conditions while adequately submerged, which is their main advantage in the Arctic. This report presents the initial design of an intervention submarine intended for the Shtokman gas condensate field. The vessel is able to perform structural inspection with an ROV and replace smaller subsea components. The vessel is intended for two week missions to the Shtokman field and is designed for operation at depths up to 537 metres. It carries an array of positioning systems originally developed for the military and offshore industry in order to safely transit within, to and from the field. The vessel is completely independent from the surface and other vessels, and do not need specially adapted infrastructure at the field in order to perform the intended tasks. The primary power plant is based on the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells used in the German Type 212 submarines, while the secondary power source is a large battery rack. The battery rack is large enough to enable the vessel to try to perform repairs on-site before an emergency return on battery power if the primary power source is disabled. The primary power plant is fuelled by pure hydrogen and oxygen. The fuel is stored as cryogenic liquids outside the pressure hull.

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Case, Lauren Ruth, Spencer Tang, Cory Steele, Austin Urton, Matthew Munden, and Brandon Skalsky. "Design Summary Report of a Commercial Facility." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/229771.

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This design summary report includes the final designs for the proposed 20,000 square foot medical/dental building and the surrounding property located in the Town of Oro Valley, Arizona. This theoretical project was assembled for the spring 2011 portion of the Civil Engineering Senior Capstone. The report includes an overview of the zoning requirements, LEED accreditation, site plan, traffic and intersection analysis, grading plan, drainage infrastructure, foundation and geotechnical designs, and structural design of the medical/dental building. The design team included six seniors in the Civil Engineering program at the University of Arizona.

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Markish, Jacob 1978. "Valuation techniques for commercial aircraft program design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16871.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 147-149).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
This research considers the commercial aircraft design process from the perspective of program value. Whereas traditionally, the conceptual design of aircraft has often focused on minimum weight, or sometimes minimum cost, this approach demonstrates the feasibility and usefulness of design based on maximum value to the aircraft manufacturer. A program valuation tool is developed and demonstrated that measures the overall program value associated with a set of either one or two new aircraft concepts. The tool is based on a combination of a performance model; a development and manufacturing cost model; a revenue model; and a dynamic programming-based algorithm that accounts for uncertainty in future market conditions and the program's ability to cope with such uncertainty through real-time decision-making. The cost model, using a component-based representation of the aircraft, allows for the consideration of the effects of part commonality on development and production costs. The revenue model, based on an analysis of existing commercial aircraft, estimates a market price and demand forecast for a new aircraft based on several key characteristics. The dynamic programming algorithm, used to find program value, treats annual aircraft quantity demanded as a stochastic process, evolving unpredictably with time. The algorithm borrows from Real Options theory to discount future cash flows using risk-neutral expectations and models the aircraft program as an actively managed project with real-time decision-making to maximize expected program value. Several examples are drawn from the Blended-Wing-Body aircraft concept to demonstrate the operation of the program valuation tool. The results suggest that the value of part commonality between aircraft may be strongly sensitive to the weight penalty and increased fuel burn resulting from a common derivative design. More generally, the example results illustrate the usefulness of the explicit consideration of flexibility in program valuation and the feasibility of a conceptual aircraft design tool based on the metric of program value.
by Jacob Markish.
S.M.

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Souto, Alexandre Roschel Prado. "Preliminary aerodynamic design of a commercial jet." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2008. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1180.

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O objetivo deste trabalho é o projeto preliminar de uma aeronave comercial focado no pré-dimensionamento e definições aerodinâmicas iniciais. A metodologia utilizada compreende a abordagem clássica combinada com modernas análises de dinâmica dos fluidos computacional para determinar dimensões, peso, tração e perfis aerodinâmicos da asa.

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Terblanche, Riaan. "Requirements for efficient commercial systems analysis and design." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1357.

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Thesis (MTech(Information Technology)--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 1996
Systems Analysis and Design (also known as Systems Development) is the systematic process of problem identification, problem definition, analysis of the causes of the problem, the design of alternative solutions to the problem, and the eventual implementation of the selected solution as a computer system (if possible). During this systems development process there are a quite a large number of principles and approaches that need to be considered. It is also required from the systems analyst to have certain skills and to know how to apply a number of tools and techniques. The purpose of this research is to determine which approaches, principles, skills, tools and techniques are required by the industry for the development of commercial computer systems so that_prospective systems analysts can be properly trained in those aspects. This means that the course content of training institutions should be updated accordingly. The aspects that form part of the course offered by the training institution where the researcher works, are discussed and identified out of the literature. The course content is compared with what is required by the industry by means of an empirical research consisting of a questionnaire and frequency and regression analysis. The results from the research indicate that the following aspects of systems development must be emphasized: 1. Phases of systems development " Implementation " Analysis " Planning " Design 2. Important tools and techniques " Data modelling " Process modelling " Presentations " Input and output design " Observation (for fact-finding) " Cross Reference between the data and process model 3. Skills " Interpersonal relations " Third generation programming languages " . Basic understanding of CASE " Working knowledge of CASE

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Moy, Habs M. (Habs Mern) 1967. "Commercial gas turbine engine platform strategy and design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88328.

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Nemirovsky, Sergey. "Systems view of commercial organizations' evolution." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59266.

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Thesis (S.M. in System Design and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-99).
Organizational structure has a significant impact on performance of organizations and the way companies utilize their resources, develop new products and compete in the marketplace. As companies mature and grow, they undergo several developmental stages, characterized by different organizational structures and management styles used. The questions that this research aims to answer are: (1) What are the reasons for success and failure of various management styles? (2) What reasons or constraints render certain management styles obsolete or inadequate as an organization develops? (3) Based on the knowledge gained, what are the guidelines for applying different management styles in organizations at various stages of their growth, whether naturally or through mergers & acquisitions? This research recapitulates the concepts and principles of General System Theory and Universal Organizational Theory (Tektology) to establish the theoretical and philosophical basis for general methods and frameworks of evaluating complex systems. The broad approach to the studies of organizational structures and evolution is motivated by the conviction that all systems evolve under the influence of the same forces and are subject to the same general principles and universal laws of systems. Therefore, the general system methodologies and frameworks can be applied to solve problems faced by a variety of commercial organizations. This research confirms that a vast majority of modem organizations are based on division of labor, the principle formulated by Adam Smith in 1776. As the complexity of individuals' tasks is being reduced through specialization of labor and knowledge, and complexity of systems increases, more complex organizational structures evolve. Common trends of the organizations' evolution are analyzed. This analysis evaluates each stage of the organizational evolution model aiming to identify organizational structures and management styles most suitable at each developmental phase. As each stage of organizational development is characterized by a period of growth followed by a crisis, the management tends to overemphasize the aspects of organizational behavior that helped solve a previous crisis, inevitably causing the next one. The research highlights the necessity for a balance among several key aspects of organizational performance in order to remain successful at each phase.
by Sergey Nemirovsky.
S.M.in System Design and Management

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Groll, Thomas, and Thomas Groll. "The Economics of Commercial Lobbying." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12315.

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This dissertation addresses the economic behavior and political influence activities by lobbyists today by examining the existence, mechanisms, and welfare implications of commercial lobbying activities and their optimal regulation. In the second chapter of this dissertation, a novel model of lobbying is presented that explains the behavior of commercial lobbying firms (such as the so-called K-Street lobbyists of Washington, D.C.). In contrast to classical special interest groups, commercial lobbying firms represent a variety of clients and are not directly affected by policy outcomes. They are hired by citizens to advocate policy proposals to politicians that are beneficial to the citizens but also have social implications. Using a model with a market for lobbying services and agency relationships between lobbyists and policymakers it can be shown why commercial lobbying firms exist. It can also be shown that self-interested policymakers, who observe lobbying activities, may employ commercial lobbying firms in a socially inefficient manner. In the third chapter of this dissertation, the analysis examines the effective regulation of commercial lobbying activities and focuses on the endogenous choice of regulatory institutions. The analysis uses the model of commercial lobbying presented in the second chapter. I derive the institutional conditions under which a market outcome can be first-best as well as the conditions under which a first-best institution will be self-stable. One result is that current regulations may fail to be effective and cannot limit lobbyists' and policymakers' incentives to substitute financial contributions for the socially beneficial acquisition of information. Additional results explain why endogenous reforms may or may not occur. In the fourth chapter of this dissertation, the analysis uses a dynamic model of commercial lobbying with lobbyists who undertake unobservable investigation efforts and promise financial contributions. It is shown that repeated relationships with lobbyists simplify a policymaker's information and contracting problem and help policymakers to escape a "cheap talk" lobbying game. The welfare implications of these interactions depend on whether the policymakers' information or contracting problem predominates. Further, the policymaker's information problem may actually improve welfare outcomes. Similarly, financial contributions may also improve welfare outcomes. This dissertation includes unpublished co-authored material.

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Hadwan, Morshed Kaid Ali. "Lighting design for complex obstructed industrial and commercial interiors." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425443.

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Peoples, Ryan E. "Value-based multidisciplinary optimization for commercial aircraft program design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32117.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-118).
Traditional commercial aircraft design attempts to achieve improved performance and reduced operating costs by minimizing maximum takeoff weight, but this approach (does not guarantee the financial viability of the program to the manufacturer. Improved design practices would take into account not only aircraft performance but also financial aspects of the design. The methodology suggested herein investigates multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) involving performance and finance jointly in aircraft program design, as well as assessment of program business risk. A value-based MDO framework couples a performance model with an improved stochastic program valuation, accounting explicitly for both uncertain demand via market volatility and managerial flexibility by invoking Real Options theory. Stochastic program value is used as the new objective for the design optimization problem. The methodology and framework developed are applied to a design example for the Blended-Wing-Body aircraft concept. Value-based optimization yields a design with a 2.3%-higher program value than that of the conventional minimum-weight solution.
(cont.) Comparing performance- and value-optimized designs, it is shown that the optimizer chooses to trade aerodynamic efficiency for reduced manufacturing costs. The effects of varying the aircraft range and speed on maximum-value solutions demonstrates that incorporating value into the design process permits more fully-informed program decisions that have optimal financial impact. Sensitivity analyses quantify the impact of technical and financial uncertainty on the stochastic value due to individual program parameters, and permit insight into the relative business risk associated with each for value-optimal designs. The results show that long-term cash flows should be emphasized over development costs. Traditional, deterministic net present value is shown to be inappropriate for use as a MDO objective function. Risk is not addressed adequately through the choice of discount rate, leading the objective to drive the optimization to make poor design tradeoffs and typically resulting in trends contrary to those of the improved stochastic valuation. Value-based MDO represents a logical progression and necessary step in the continual evolution of the aircraft design process.
by Ryan E. Peoples.
S.M.

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Rowles, Craig M. 1962. "System integration analysis of a large commercial aircraft engine." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9753.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 1999.
10912289
Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-94).
In this thesis we develop and demonstrate a method, called a System Integration Analysis, to produce a comprehensive understanding of the activities Integrated Product Teams (IPTs) perform in designing and developing a large complex product or system. The methodology is applied to an existing product or system whose physical architecture can be partitioned into comparable sections, or chunks, as the IPTs who design and develop it. Its goal is to identify specific integrative mechanisms to better align the Integrated Product Development (IPD) process and the organization with the product architecture. These mechanisms are then developed into specific recommendations in consideration of a strategic and tactical framework for achievement of the desired future state of the organization and its IPD process. Implementation of the initiatives is directed to a comprehensive change process defined to address the cultural, structural, and political reality of the company. The methodology uses two distinct applications of a Design Structure Matrix, and several complimentary approaches to the analysis of the data. The methodology is demonstrated with a world-class commercial high bypass-ratio turbofan engine, the Pratt & Whitney PW4098. This product is a derivative design of an existing configuration, or family of engines. Recommendations based upon the PW4098 application include specific interface management and system integration improvements, a minor organizational re-alignment, stronger discipline management, and clearly defined roles and responsibilities of key players.
by Craig M. Rowles.
S.M.

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Lindahl, Ingela. "Visual aesthetics in product development : A balance between commercial and creative imperatives." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell ekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-100149.

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The literature presents a number of advantages regarding companies’ strategic focus on product design, arguing that the dimension of visual aesthetics in products may help a company to create commercial success, e.g. through product differentiation and as a means of company brand recognition. However, developing new products that have visual aesthetics as an important dimension is not without difficulty, and may lead to a number of managerial challenges. The purpose of this doctoral thesis is to describe and analyse how companies develop products that have visual aesthetics as an important dimension. The thesis describes and analyses: how the dimension of visual aesthetics affects the characteristics of the new product development process; how companies strike a balance between commercial and creative imperatives during new product development; and how companies source and collaborate using artistic design resources during new product development. Based on findings from five new product development projects and from interviews with managers at twelve Swedish designer furniture manufacturers, the thesis concludes that the dimension of visual aesthetics in products affects new product development in different ways. First, companies’ development of visual aesthetics calls for a more creative, artistic development process whereby, for example, idea generation and evaluation are often flexible in relation to plans made. Moreover, the different and subjective judgement of the aesthetic value of products has implications for new product development, e.g. that the company needs to address and balance imperatives stemming from different audiences, i.e. the designer’s self, peers, and the mass market, during product development. Also, it is concluded that the sourcing of designer resources and the composition of designer portfolios are both critical and related to companies’ desired brand image. A close and trustful working relationship between the designer and the manufacturer is a basis for companies’ successful product development. Theoretically, this research contributes to the product development literature through its findings on companies’ new product development processes in a seldom researched context, i.e. the development of designer products. Additionally, it contributes to the literature on design outsourcing by presenting new findings on the interplay between artistic design resources and managers. Moreover, it also contributes to the marketing literature by providing fresh insights into how companies balance their commercial and creative interests when developing new products.
Design och dess relation till företags marknadsföring är något som diskuteras både i akademisk litteratur och i samhället i övrigt. Genom att förstå och utnyttja design kan företaget skapa kommersiella fördelar, t ex genom att differentiera produkten från konkurrenternas och skapa igenkänning för företagets varumärke. Dock är utveckling av produkter med design som en viktig dimension inte oproblematisk utan kan leda till stora utmaningar för företaget. Tre sådana utmaningar i företag beskrivs och analyseras i denna avhandling. För det första behandlar avhandlingen hur ett fokus på design påverkar företagets produktutvecklingsprocess. Vidare studeras hur företaget balanserar kreativa och kommersiella intressen under produktutvecklingsprocessen. Dessutom behandlar avhandlingen hur företaget införskaffar och samarbetar med formgivare. Den industriella kontext som valts för denna avhandling är den svenska designmöbelindustrin. Avhandlingens slutsatser bygger på fallstudier inom väletablerade och framgångsrika företag inom denna industri. Avhandlingen visar att dimensionen av design påverkar företagens utvecklingsarbete på olika sätt. Först visar studien att de studerade företagens utveckling av designmöbler innebär en kreativ utvecklingsprocess där t.ex. idé-generering och ‑urval sällan grundas i strikta produktplaner utan i stället präglas av flexibilitet och tillvaratagande på uppkomna möjligheter. Vidare är bedömningen av en produkts designvärde subjektiv och svår att formulera i ord. Urvalet av lovande produktidéer grundas därför i hög grad på ledningens goda kunskap om design och erfarenhet inom branschen. Utöver detta påverkas företagens produktutveckling på olika sätt av det faktum att designvärde också skapas genom uppmärksamhet och uppskattning av exempelvis press, mässor och utmärkelser. Det visas också att företagens urval av formgivare är kritiskt och basen för ett framgångsrikt utvecklingsarbete. I de studerade företagen sker utveckling av produkter i nära och förtroendefullt samarbete mellan managers och formgivare. Dessutom kan företag påverka sitt varumärke genom att skapa en genomtänkt strategi för urval av formgivare och samarbetsformer med dessa.

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Stevenson, Norman. "A better world by design? : an investigation into industrial design consultants undertaking responsible design within their commercial remits." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12543.

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Growing recognition of the profound topics affecting society; including population changes, social issues, and environmental crisis; is emphasising the need for industrial designers to address additional goals beyond those associated with purely commercial targets. Industrial design consultants, however, have a myriad of complex and inter-related elements influencing their work. This thesis investigates those influences and offers a portrayal of what affects industrial design consultants addressing more responsible design goals within their commercial remits. It reviews the literature relating to the nature and role of industrial design, and its relationship with society s larger needs. From this, it expounds the methodology underpinning the investigation, and describes the phases involved. Two main studies were undertaken to pursue the research objectives: an explorative workshop involving 19 participants from design practice and academia; and a series of semi-structured in-depth interviews involving a total of 31 industrial design consultants, leading academics, and design-related strategic consultants. From the analysis of the data, three sets of key observations and theory are presented in the thesis. The first set of findings examines the range of influencing factors acting on the consultant and their work by depicting the characteristics of the main elements constructing the product creation context. The second and principal set of findings identifies what determines the possibility for consultants to incorporate responsible design goals within their work. Using a framework derived from the analysis, and drawing on interview data for empirical backing, it expands on six key areas, identifying a critical determining factor for each. The third set of outcomes combines the findings from the primary data with existing knowledge on design actions and behavioural theory, to depict the formation of an industrial design consultant s behaviour and their tendencies towards responsible design. In this way, the research offers a thorough investigation of what affects industrial design consultants addressing more responsible design goals, by considering the characteristics of their circumstances; the determination of their possibility to act; and what shapes their individual behaviour.

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Genca, Salih Ozgur. "Design Guidelines For Shop Buildings In Beypazari Historic Commercial Center." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605938/index.pdf.

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This study aims to prepare a design guide for the traditional shop buildings in Beypazari Historic Commercial Center which guides maintenance, repairs and new designs on shop facades. This guide, which is prepared in limited content by researching problems of conservation in historic towns also aims to develop a collaboration of the users and the municipality, to raise the consciousness of the community for conservation, and to be an example for similar studies. During this process, a detailed study is made on architectural conservation guides and shop buildings in the study area.

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Gómez, González Victor, and Collado Emilio José Izquierdo. "The Cormoran project: a new concept in commercial aircraft design." Thesis, KTH, Aerodynamik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-121357.

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This paper presents a new revolutionary design in commercial aircraft: the conven-tional vertical and horizontal tails are not present as generally known, and their contri-bution to the manoeuvering of the aircraft, namely the presence of the rudder and theelevators, is achieved by locating them at the wingtips and in the canard, respectively.Substituting the horizontal tail with the canard, the possibility of dividing the fuel be-tween the wing (where it is located conventionally) and the canard allows the pilot tochange the center of gravity during the ight with more freedom, while the eect of theelevators continues present. Locating the vertical stabilizers at the wingtips combinesthe eect of the vertical stabilizer and the winglet all in one, with the corresponding lostof weight. In this sense, the aerodynamic, stability and aeroelastic characteristics of anaircraft such as the one described have been analyzed using dierent modules belongingto CEASIOM program, and the results are very encouraging, showing that it is reallyfeasible to change the current concept of the commercial aircraft without penalizing theperformance.

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Joyce, Charles Thane. "Optimized design of a commercial building chiller/cooking tower system." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24115.

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Ross, Kyle Gene. "Distributed amplifier circuit design using a commercial CMOS process technology." Thesis, Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/ross/RossK0806.pdf.

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Vera, Anders Hanyo. "User Preferred Trajectories in Commercial Aircraft Operation: Design and Implementation." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4454.

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This report describes how an aircraft creates and flies its User Preferred Trajectory from take-off to landing, based on the objectives and constraints the aircraft is subjected to from a technological and operational viewpoint.

A basic description of commercial aircraft operation is given, with an emphasis on identifying the different stakeholders (Air Navigation Service Providers, Airline Operation Center, Pilot/Aircraft, Airport and Civil Aviation Authority). A general description of Instrument Flight Rules operations is also given, together with an explanation of the capabilities of modern flight management systems.

The objectives and constraints of the trajectory building process from an aircraft and air traffic management viewpoint are described in Chapter 4. Those are instrumental in understanding how the user preferred trajectory is built. The initial and detail route planning process is then described.

The initial route planning is performed long before the flight and usually by the airline operating center, while detail flight planning, including take-off, runway and departure procedure is performed later by the crew. This process is re-performed minutes before take-off, and usually iterated during the flight when the details of approach and landing are communicated to the aircraft crew.

The implementation of this user preferred trajectory is explained in terms of the options that the pilots have in the aircraft avionics to perform the mission. The implementation explained in this report is based on the avionics suite of a Boeing 737NG aircraft equipped with the most advanced flight management systems.

An implementation of a user preferred trajectory, where the aircraft crew is able to best fulfill their objectives is composed of an idle or near idle descent from the cruise altitude. This type of descent, called an advanced continuous descent approach has been implemented by some air navigation service providers, airlines and airports, based on advanced technology that will be further described in this paper. Those procedures are called Green Approaches.

In the last part of this report, the benefits of flying Green Approach procedures are analyzed by means of aircraft simulations. The analysis describes in detail the lateral and vertical trajectories of the Green Approaches at Stockholm’s Arlanda Airport and Brisbane Airport (Australia), together with the calculated advantages in term of fuel consumption, noise and gas emissions.

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Vera, Anders Hayo. "User preferred trajectories in commercial aircraft operation : design and implementation /." Stockholm : Institutionen för farkost och flyg, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4454.

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Zheng, J. "Combined pinch and exergy analysis for commercial power plant design." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532908.

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This thesis addressesth e analysisa nd design of commercial power plants by using the Combined Pinch and Exergy Approach. Current practice in design for commercial power plants heavily relies on experience and computer simulation and lacks systematic design methodologies. On the contrary, Pinch Technology allows systematic and generic approaches to chemical process design in which targets are set prior to design. These approaches can address issues related to process integration and optimisation. This thesis exploits the analogy between power plant design and chemical process design and applies the philosophy of Pinch Technology to the field of power plant design. In this thesis, the "onion" model used to represent the hierarchy of chemical process design is applied to power plant design. This model decomposes the whole design problem into three relatively simple tasks, including turbine system selection, heat exchanger network (HEN) design and fuel supply determination. Complex interactions exist between these individual components. To describe the complex interactions between the different components, a qualitative tool called the Combined Pinch and Exergy Representation (CPER) has been developed. The CPER allows engineers to visualise the overall performance of a power plant and the interactions between components. This diagram can also help engineers to screen design options. A quantitative tool, called the shaftwork targeting approach, has been developed in this thesis to evaluate each possible design option and identify the most promising one ahead of detailed simulation and designA tool called the Exergy Remaining Problem Analysis (ERPA) has been developed to guide HEN design. This allows the design to achieve the shaftwork targets. By evaluating the impact of individual matches on the remaining problem, the ERPA can determine the influence of individual matches on shaftwork generation. By detecting inappropriate matches, the ERPA can ensure that the HEN design meets the shaftwork targets. Based on the "onion" model of power plant, a systematic and generic approach to power plant design has been developed. In this approach, power plant design starts with the turbine system, then moves to the heat exchanger network and the fuel supply. This approach is entirely general which can be applied for design of different power plants. The significance of the new approach is that it enables engineers to screen possible design options with physical understanding and identify the most promising design option ahead of detailed simulation and design. This speeds up the overall design process and ensures that an optimal solution is obtained. vi

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Boonmee, Wimonmat. "Design and evaluation of bacteriophage production for potential commercial use." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22551.

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The purpose of this research was to evaluate the production of bacteriophages in a commercial plant. Bacteriophage K, a broad host range bacteriophage which is active against a wide range of staphylococci including MRSA, was used as a typical bacteriophage. There has been increased interest in the potential use of bacteriophage in pharmaceutical, agricultural and other areas. There are several techniques used for bacteriophage growth on a small-scale, however, large scale production has not been examined. In these studies, the production of bacteriophage K in S. aureus 8588 has been investigated. Medium optimization, the bacterial host growth conditions and infection and lysis conditions were investigated. The optimal condition for the growth of bacterial host were in a medium containing amino acids as carbon sources, in aerobic condition, at 37°C; these conditions were also the optimal conditions for infection and lysis. By feeding continuously bacterial host cells in their stationary phase into a bacteriophage lysate, bacteriophages were produced at all dilution rates (0.5-2.61 hr-1) and remained in a steady state. Moreover, there was no wash out observed, even at the time exceeding the average bacteriophage growth period. In addition, immobilization of the bacteriophage on nylon membrane by corona discharge was examined for use as a potential wound dressing. The result showed that the bacteriophages were immobilized on the nylon strip and remained active.

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LeClaire, Rene Joseph. "Conceptual design of a commercial tokamak reactor using resistive magnets." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15066.

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Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 1986.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE
Bibliography: leaves 249-255.
by Rene Joseph LeClaire Jr.
Sc.D.

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Vora, Jay Abhilash. "Blended Wing Design Considerations for A Next Generation Commercial Aircraft." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1557920109832295.

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Govande, Prajakta. "A CONCEPTUAL DESIGN STUDY OF A COMMERCIAL HYPERSONIC AIR TRANSPORT." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1607540130590273.

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Poteet, Thomas L. "Benefits, costs and risks of converting from military design specifications to commercial performance standards at a commercial laboratory." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA366172.

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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1999.
"June 1999". Thesis advisor(s): Walter E. Owen, Mark E. Nissen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 151-155). Also available online.

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Franklin, James G. "Systemic impediments to constructing energy-efficient commercial buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100372.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2015̆.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-72).
Exploring a systems-based view of the energy efficiency roadblocks faced by financiers, builders, owners, and tenants. In 1992 Amory Lovins, founder of the Rocky Mountain Institute, wrote a paper entitled "Energy-Efficient Buildings: Institutional Barriers and Opportunities". In it, he detailed roadblocks to constructing energy efficient commercial buildings- from the fear of lenders to finance the unknown, to developers unmotivated to instill efficiency, to mechanical engineers specifying job-securing (and commission-increasing) safety margins when (over)sizing the apparati- every step of a commercial building's genesis is fraught with status quo and timidity. Now, almost 25 years later, we will take a look at what has changed, what hasn't, and what areas still need incentivizing to get on a sustainable track towards efficiency. We model the systems to exhibit the persistent resistance to changes, the extraordinary pace with which some markets have embraced change, and the feedback mechanisms that can make efficiency both possible and profitable.
by James G. Franklin.
S.M. in Engineering and Management

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Wang, Linxi. "Behind the Chatbot : Investigate the Design Process of Commercial Conversational Experience." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-265544.

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The messaging-based conversational interfaces, commonly called Chatbots, have seen massive growth lately. With the proliferation of Chatbots, there is a growing demand for a better understanding of the design practices behind conversational user experience. This thesis looked into the design process of a Chatbot-based project built on the RCS business messaging platform, and the workflow was investigated through contextual inquiry and critical incident interview techniques. The challenges experienced by practitioners from different disciplines are detailed, with a focus on their respective work tasks and practices.
De meddelandebaserade konversationsgränssnitten, vanligtvis kallade Chatbots, har sett en enorm tillväxt den senaste tiden. Med spridningen av Chatbots finns det en växande efterfrågan på en bättre förståelse för designmetoderna bakom konversationsanvändarupplevelse. Denna avhandling tittade på designprocessen för ett Chatbot-baserat projekt byggt på RCS-affärsmeddelandeplattformen, och arbetsflödet undersöktes genom kontextuell undersökning och tekniker för intervjuad kritisk incident. Utmaningarna som utövarna från olika discipliner upplever är detaljerade med fokus på sina respektive arbetsuppgifter och arbetsmetoder.

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Miller, Robert W. "Learning Preferences of Commercial Fishermen." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5532.

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This study surveyed 435 commercial fishermen across eight coastal regions of the United States where commercial fishing takes place. The regions of the study included: Northeast Atlantic, Mid-Atlantic, Southeast Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, Great Lakes, Southern Pacific, Pacific Northwest, and Alaska. Participants were asked to complete the Commercial Fishing Worker Survey (CFWS), which is a survey instrument consisting of an approved, adapted version of the Index of Learning Styles instrument (ILS) combined with a demographic section which included questions designed to obtain data regarding the four variables of the study: age, education level, captain's license status, and method of fishing. The instrument was designed to provide data sufficient to answer the three research questions of the study. 1. What are the learning preferences of commercial fishermen? 2. Are there differences in the learning preferences of commercial fishermen across the eight geographical regions of the study? 3. Are there differences in the learning preferences of commercial fishermen based on the demographical variables? The commercial fishermen showed obvious inclinations toward specific learning preference dimensions. The fishermen indicated that they preferred the active (rather than the reflective) dimension, the sensing (rather than the intuitive) dimension, the visual (rather than the verbal) dimension, and the sequential (rather than the global) dimension. The participant's responses were similar across the eight regions. Where differences existed, they were related to the sensing/intuitive and sequential/global learning preferences dimensions. Region 8 Alaska appeared to have stronger sensing and sequential learning preferences than the other regions. Age did not appear to influence the learning preferences of the fishermen. The majority of the respondents indicated they were high school graduates. However, education did not appear to affect the learning preferences of the fishermen. Captain's license status had no influence on the learning preferences of the commercial fishermen, since the majority of the respondents did not possess a captain's license. Respondents indicated that the largest percentage of commercial fishing used net fishing methods as their primary means of fishing. For the majority of the commercial fishermen, method of fishing did not appear to influence the learning preferences of commercial fishermen. However, net and trap fishermen exhibited significant differences related to the sensing/intuitive and sequential/global learning preference dimensions and reported more preference for the sequential/global learning preference dimensions then fishermen using other methods of fishing. Implications and recommendations for further study are enumerated in the last chapter.

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Kalta, Mohamad. "Integration of computer aided process planning with a commercial CAD system." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303121.

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Ten, Po-Kiong. "Organophilic pervaporation : engineering science analysis and design tool." Thesis, University of Bath, 2001. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343769.

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Muir, Margot. "Beyond commercial design: a critique of design and graphic design writings in Emigre and Dot Dot Dot magazines." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12436.

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Graphic design faces the contradictions of commercial intent and social relevance. This study explores the contribution of criticism, in two independent, seminal graphic design magazines, towards shifting the dominant preferences of graphic design from a purely commercial pursuit to a human-centred practice. Emigre magazine (c.1984 - 2005) and Dot Dot Dot magazine (c.2000 - 2010) are recognised for their critical intent and within them are emerging critical issues that suggest a potential niche for graphic design beyond consumerism and commerce. In the discipline of graphic design, designers define what it is to be human (and thus equally the realities of dehumanisation) in very particular ways (Rose, 2001:135; Freire, 1993:43). Graphic design has a history of commercial practice. This commercial history continues to define its identity and reinforce a particular body of knowledge. Graphic design criticism, however, is an inventive voice that has the potential to contribute to change. Both Emigre and Dot Dot Dot were representative of a “constructive marginality” (Bennett, 1993:64), drawing from their own set of references and awareness of graphic design’s potential to inform their identities, instead of looking to established definitions of practice to do so. This analysis explores how they anticipated a modern conception of graphic design that has become part of a recently adopted (2015) and more widely embedded discourse. This discourse involves critical design that interrogates multiculturalism, interdisciplinarity, environmental sustainability, social and political agency, and speculative futures. Graphic design engages social institutions and practices that denote social constructions of difference and inequality, and is never neutral. Any work, any representation of ideology, is at once individual and discursive at the level of social, cultural and political formations. The critical issues evident in Emigre and Dot Dot Dot, with the exception of an absence of speculative futures, anticipate a more humanising perspective in graphic design. They invite critique and the potential for change that is relevant to the surrounding world, as a counter to commercial self-interest.

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Cheung, Po-leung Alan. "Improvement of building legislation to include environmental design in commercial buildings of Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23424801.

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Howell, Peter Mark. "Disruptive game design : a commercial design and development methodology for supporting player cognitive engagement in digital games." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2015. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/disruptive-game-design(cac71c4d-74b4-491b-a7e2-cb28e1fac235).html.

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First-person games often support the player’s gradual accretion of knowledge of the game’s rules during gameplay. They thus focus on challenging and developing performative skills, which in turn supports the player in attaining feelings of achievement and skills mastery. However, an alternative disruptive game design approach is proposed as an approach that encourages players to engage in higher-order thinking, in addition to performative challenges. This requires players to cognitively engage with the game at a deeper level. This stems from the player’s expectations of game rules and behaviours being disrupted, rather than supported, requiring players to learn and re-learn the game rules as they play. This disruptive approach to design aims to support players in satiating their needs for not only achievement and mastery at a performative level but also, their needs for problem-solving and creativity. Utilising a Research through Design methodology, a model of game space proposes different stages of a game’s creation, from conceptualisation through to the final player experience. The Ludic Action Model (LAM), developed from existing game studies and cognitive psychological theory, affords an understanding of how the player forms expectations in the game as played. A conceptual framework of game components is then constructed and mapped to the Ludic Action Model, providing a basis for understanding how different components of a game interact with and influence the player’s cognitive and motor processes. The Ludic Action Model and the conceptual framework of game components are used to construct the Disruptive Game Feature Design and Development (DisDev) model, created as a design tool for ‘disruptive’ games. The disruptive game design approach is then applied to the design, development, and publication of a commercial game, Amnesia: A Machine for Pigs (The Chinese Room, 2013). This application demonstrated the suitability of the design approach, and the proposed models, for establishing disruptive game features in the game as designed, developing those features in the game as created, to the final resolution in the game as published, which the player will then experience in the game as played. A phenomenological template analysis of online player discussions of the game shows that players tend to evaluate their personal game as played (i.e. their personal play experience) in relation to their a priori game as expected (i.e. the experience that they expected the game to provide). Players reported their play experiences in ways that suggested they had experienced cognitive engagement and higher-order thinking. However, player attitudes towards this type of play experience were highly polarised and seemingly dependent on the correspondence between actual and expected play experiences. The discussion also showed that different methods of disruption have a variable effect on the player experience depending on the primacy of the game feature being disrupted. Primary features are more effectively disrupted when the game’s responses to established player actions are subsequently altered. Secondary game features, only present in some sections, are most effectively disrupted when their initially contextualised behaviour is subsequently altered, or recontextualised. In addition, story-based feature disruption is most effected when the initial encoding stage is ambiguous, thus disrupting players’ attempts to form an initial understanding of them. However, these different methods of disruption may be most effective when used in conjunction with each other.

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Frank, Stephen M. "Optimal design of mixed AC-DC distribution systems for commercial buildings." Thesis, Colorado School of Mines, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3558161.

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With the advent of inexpensive computing and efficient power electronics, the load mix in commercial buildings has experienced a fundamental shift away from almost exclusively traditional alternating current (AC) loads toward primarily direct current (DC) loads—devices which use DC electricity either for end-use or as a power conditioning stage. Simultaneously, installations of DC distributed generation sources for commercial buildings, such as rooftop photovoltaic arrays, are accelerating. Despite this proliferation of DC devices, the basic design of building electrical distribution systems has changed very little in the past century: AC distribution remains the industry standard. The AC-DC electricity conversions required to connect DC sources and loads to the AC electric grid result in wasted energy. Partial replacement of AC distribution with DC distribution can improve overall building electrical energy efficiency; the result is a mixed AC-DC electrical distribution system. This dissertation develops a modeling framework, mathematical program, and global optimization algorithm which determine maximally energy efficient designs for mixed AC-DC building electrical distribution systems. The research approach precisely quantifies building electrical energy efficiency at a systems level, not simply the level of individual devices. The results of two case studies validate the power of the optimization algorithm and demonstrate that well designed mixed AC-DC building electrical distribution systems can achieve higher efficiency than either AC or DC distribution used alone.

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Haynes, Terrence. "Design and assessment of a large commercial Photovoltaic System in Barbados." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energi och miljöteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-13307.

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One of the main aims of this thesis is to design an optimized commercial Photovoltaic (PV) system in Barbados from several variables such as racking type, module type and inverter type based on practicality, technical performance as well as financial returns to the client. Detailed simulations are done in PVSYST and financial models are used to compare different systems and their viability. Once the preeminent system is determined from a financial and performance perspective a detailed design is done using PVSYST and AutoCAD to design the most optimal PV system for the customer. In doing so, suitable engineering drawings are generated which are detailed enough for construction of the system. Detailed cost with quotes from relevant manufacturers, suppliers and estimators become instrumental in determining Balance of System Costs in addition to total project cost. The final simulated system is suggested with a PV capacity of 425kW and an inverter output of 300kW resulting in an array oversizing of 1.42. The PV system has a weighted Performance Ratio of 77 %, a specific yield of 1467 kWh/kWp and a projected annual production of 624 MWh/yr. This system is estimated to offset approximately 28 % of Carlton’s electrical load annually. Over the course of 20 years the PV system is projected to produce electricity at a cost of $0.201USD/kWh which is significantly lower than the $0.35 USD/kWh paid to the utility at the time of writing this thesis. Due to the high cost of electricity on the island, an attractive Feed-In-Tariff is not necessary to warrant the installation of a commercial System which over a lifetime which produces electricity at less than 60% of the cost to the user purchasing electricity from the utility. A simple payback period of 5.4 years, a return on investment of 17 % without incentives, in addition to an estimated diversion of 6840 barrels of oil or 2168 tonnes of CO2 further provides compelling justification for the installation of a commercial Photovoltaic System not only on Carlton A-1 Supermarket, but also island wide as well as regionally where most electricity supplies are from imported fossil fuels.

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Knight, Karla Grace. "A fuzzy logic model for predicting commercial building design cost overruns." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60445.pdf.

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Tirovolis, Nikolaos Labros. "Integration of commercial aircraft economic targets into the initial design process." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425793.

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Svalstedt, Mats, and Sofia Swedberg. "Commercial Aircraft Wing Structure : - Design of a Carbon Fiber Composite Structure." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276702.

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This project explores the classical wing structure of an commercial aircraft for an all carbon fiber reinforced polymer unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV). It is part of a collaborative work consisting of several groups researching different parts of the aircraft. The objective of this report is to present the design of the inner wing structure for a greener, more efficient scaled 2:1 version of the Skywalker X8. In order to make the aircraft as efficient as possible, the structure needs to be lightweight. The loads were first approximated using XFLR5 and a first design made. The design was then tested using finite element analysis (FEA) in the programme Ansys Static Structural. The material that was tested was carbon fiber/epoxy prepreg. The final design of the wing weighs 3.815 kg, and consists of one spar and a skin thickness of 1 mm. The weight of the whole aircraft, including the propulsion system and a sharklet at both wingtips researched by other groups, is 20.262 kg. The lift-to-drag ratio was also calculated, and the most efficient angle of attack was concluded to be around 2-3°.
Detta projekt utforskar den klassiska vingstrukturen av ett kommersiellt flygplan för en obemannad luftfarkost gjord helt i kolfiberarmerad polymer. Det är en del av ett samarbete som består av flera projektgrupper som forskar på olika delar av flygplanet. Målet med projektet är att designa den inre vingstrukturen för en miljövänligare, mer effektiv uppskalad 2:1 version av drönaren Skywalker X8. För att göra flygplanet så effektiv som möjligt så behöver den vara lättviktig. Lasterna var först uppskattade via XFLR5 och en första design gjordes. Designen testades sedan med finita elementmetoden (FEM) i programmet Ansys Static Structural. Materialet som testades var kolfiber/epoxi prepreg. Den slutgiltiga vingdesignen väger 3.815 kg, och består av en bom och en tjocklek på 1 mm av vingskalet. Totala vikten av flygplanet, inklusive framdrivningssystemet samt virveldämpare på båda vingspetsarna som är framtagna av andra grupper, är 20.262 kg. Glidtalet beräknades även, och är som mest effektiv runt 2-3°.

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Michael, Robert Joseph. "DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A SEISMIC ISOLATIONSYSTEM FOR COMMERCIAL STORAGE RACKS." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1370342677.

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Baptiste, Cavarec. "Design and Study of Passive Localisation Protocols Using Commercial UWB Radios." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-199920.

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The need of accurate positioning systems arose in modern society as systems like GPS and Base Station aided mobile user localization struggle to provide accurate enough ranging accuracy for indoor positioning. UWB devices, since they have potential for centimeter precision, are good candidates in order toperform accurate positioning in indoor scenarios. Schedule Based Positioning has been introduced as a method that uses delayed transmissions between asynchronous anchors as per a schedule. It has been shown that under small restrictions on the schedule, a node can find its own location by listening to the messages emitted by the anchors. Such routine has been designed to work on cheap UWB sensors but as of now had not been implemented on actual hardware. The main goal of this master thesis has been to implement such systemon commercial devices, namely the Decawave DW1000, and to design error mitigation protocols in order to compensate for hardware flaws. This thesis’ contribution is to propose a comprehensive measurement model of real devices performing scheduled based self localization, to present the implementation work flow and particularities relative to the implementation on EVK1000. Then it presents an extension for schedule based positioning inNLOS context where low power sensors cannot communicate. In a last partan analysis of the experimental results is carried and compared to simulated data and Hybrid-Cramér Rao Bound.
Behovet av noggranna positioneringssystem har uppkommit moderna samhället efterssom system såsom GPS och basstationsstödd lokalisering av mobilerin klarar att ge tillräckligt god noggrannhet för inomhuspositionering. Ultrabredbandig radio (UWB) är en god kandidat för inomhuspositioneringssystemeftersom det potentiellt ger en noggrannhet ned på centimeternivå. Schemabaserad positionering är en nyligen introducerad metod som baseraspå meddelanden som sänds mellan asynkrona referensnoder enligt ett givetschema, med specifika fördröjningar. Det har visats att en nod kan lokalisera sig själv genom att lyssna på meddelandena från referensnoderna, undervissa antaganden om sändschemat. Metoden har varit utformad för att fungerapå billiga UWB-enheter, men har fram tills nu inte implementerats på riktighårdvara. Huvudsyftet med detta projekt har varit att implementera ett sådan sys-tem mha kommersiellt tillgängliga UWB-enheter (Decawave DW100) och attutforma protokoll som kan kompensera för hårdvarufel och -begränsningar. Denna avhandling föreslår en utförlig mätmodel för schemabaserad positionering med riktiga enheter och presenterar de utmaningar som behövde hanterasi implementeringen på EVK1000-enheter. Dessutom presenteras en utökning avschemabaserad positionering för scenarior där kommunikationen mellan vissanoder är blockerad. Slutligen ger vi en experimentell resultatanalys och jäm-förelse med simuleringar och hybrida Cramér Rao-gränser.

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Chen, Ming-Che. "Successful Web Design Factors in Commercial Web Sites: A Case Study." NSUWorks, 1998. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/450.

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The online software dealer store project of the Electronic Software Dealer (ESD) had a problem of low sales volume, and the problem was attributed to several design problems. Literature indicated that web page design might affect the performance of a commercial web site; however, how the design factors influenced the success of the web site was unknown. To bridge this knowledge gap, a case study research method was used with a methodology that adopted the techniques of Helmstetter (1997), the web guidelines of Dellino (1996), Heller and Rivers (1996), and the Object-Action Model (OAl) of Shneiderman (1997) to analyze the research problem. In order to achieve the objectives, the researcher also analyzed the business models and design success-factors of Dow Jones & Company's Wall Street Journal Interactive Edition (WSJIE) site. In addition to the analysis, the researcher reviewed the literature related to commercial web site projects, interviewed the programmer involved in the ESD project, evaluated the design of ESD's online software store, and designed a prototype for the suggested solution. Results showed that the traditional system development life cycle (SDLC) still plays an important role in commercial web projects, and emphasis on planning, analysis, and the maintenance stages safeguards a more successful implementation of the project. Additionally, a design focusing on business models, marketing niches, and users ensures repeat visits and secures a more financial success to the commercial web site. This study focused on the design success-factors of commercial web sites, and did not cover issues of security and performance of the Web server.

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Jones, Natasha Ruth. "Designing shock control bumps for transonic commercial aircraft." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/275993.

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Shock control bumps (SCBs) are considered promising flow control devices for transonic commercial aircraft. By generating a λ-shock structure, 2D SCBs offer large drag savings, but perform poorly when that structure breaks down off-design. Milder-performing 3D devices produce weak vortices, that may offer some boundary layer control, and SCBs also affect buffet via direct impact on shock motions and separation. To date however, design studies have largely ignored complications from the swept, spanwise-varying flows, so this thesis tackles the question of whether SCB arrays can offer useful benefits to the performance of transonic commercial aircraft. Using a numerical infinite-wing model, a simple rotation adaptation is shown to redress deficient on-design drag performance of 3D SCBs under swept flows. With the correct rotation (dependent on height, planform and spacing) bumps follow performance-design trends similar to those in unswept flow. With this knowledge, an array design method is developed to tailor 2D and 3D devices to local flow conditions on an aircraft model, aiming to maximise on-design drag performance. Careful infinite-wing setup means the influence of rotation and array height on performance is replicated on the aircraft. Predicted array designs achieve 74-87% of their estimated local drag savings. However, with wave drag being a smaller percentage of the total, the influence of arrays on lift is more significant and makes the optimal designs shorter than predicted. Strategies for improving off-design drag performance are then evaluated. Stagger, an alternating chordwise translation applied to 3D arrays, broadens operating range and lowers drag penalties by better accommodating off-design shock movements, but offers a less favourable trade-off against on-design drag than simply reducing the array height. However, a 2D array can always outperform a 3D on drag objectives. Lastly, buffet performance is inferred using steady indicators based on trailing edge pressure and shock location. These disagree regarding the impact on buffet onset, unresolvably due to a lack of validation data, but agree that arrays could alleviate flow development post-onset. Optimal array designs depend on prioritised objectives: considering buffet severity and on-design drag, tall 2D (or 3D) arrays; for buffet and minimum off-design drag penalties (similar to the motivation behind vortex generator application), 3D arrays of varying height and stagger. A simple flight fuel consumption model utilising the computed drag data shows that many arrays are neutral or offer small savings (up to 0.3%) across a range of mission profiles. While likely too small to merit application for solely drag purposes, this implies buffet benefits without cost to efficiency. Unsteady tests and proper assessment of buffet onset are needed to confirm this.

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Cecchi-Dimeglio, Paola. "Beyond traditional analysis of international franchise contracts : Interdisciplinary perspectives, from negotiation to dispute system design." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON10041.

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Counselman, Jerry W. "European immigrant designers and their influences on American graphic design 1920-1950 /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10923.

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Matthews, John William. "The Effect of Proximity to Commercial Uses on Residential Prices." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10496.

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As distance from a house to retail sites decreases the price of a house should increase, ceteris paribus, because of increased shopping convenience. On the other hand, as distance decreases price should also decrease because the house is exposed to increased spillover of disamenities noise, light, traffic, etc. from the retail use. The study uses Computer Assisted Mass Appraisal data and a parcel level Geographic Information system map from King County (Seattle) Washington. An hedonic process is used to estimate the price effects of both the expected positive and negative price effects. Travel distance is a proxy for convenience and Euclidian distance is a proxy for negative spillovers. Standard hedonic housing price variables are used for control along with distance to other classes of non-residential uses and indexes of neighborhood street layout and connectivity. In traditional gridiron neighborhood, both convenience and negative spillovers have the expected effect on housing price. The net effect is a price effect curve with a net decrease in price at very short distances between houses and retail sites. But, beyond a short distance to the extent of convenient walking distance (about mile) the net effect is positive. In a non-traditional edge city type neighborhood, there is no effect, either positive or negative. This is due to the much greater distances between residential uses and retail uses in this type neighborhood that result from zoning that segregates land uses and long travel distance resulting from curvilinear street layout.

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Won, Henry Thome. "A system-of-systems modeling methodology for strategic general aviation design decision-making." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26469.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Mavris, Dimitri; Committee Member: Gallman, John; Committee Member: Lewe, Jung-Ho; Committee Member: Schrage, Daniel; Committee Member: Upton, Eric. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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Sarrafi, Aroosha. "Promotional materials for the Central Connecticut State University. Department of Design (Graphic/Information)." View abstract, 1999. http://library.ctstateu.edu/ccsu%5Ftheses/1559.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Central Connecticut State University, 1999.
Thesis advisor: Sue Vial. " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Art education." Includes bibliographical references (leaf [9]).

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McKinney, Edward James. "The evolution of a commercial strip : a design approach for Howell Mill Road, Atlanta, Georgia." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23081.

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Yu, Kim Stella. "Activities of mid-weight graphic designers during the conceptual design phase a case study /." Swinburne Research Bank, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net.

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Thesis (MDes) - Faculty of Design, Swinburne University of Technology, 2009.
[Submitted in total fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of] Master of Design, Faculty of Design, Swinburne University of Technology - 2009. Typescript. Bibliography: p. 178-186.

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Vemulapalli, Kautilya. "Investigating the use of digital twins in networked commercial UAVs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122261.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2019
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 75-83).
The Commercial UAS industry is relatively new and has significant growth potential as new technology are incorporated into it, new applications are found, and new regulations are coming in place. Digital Framework, also a relatively new concept, has found acceptance in various industry but has not yet been applied to Commercial UAS while having great potential. This thesis uses the ARIES framework to investigates how this concept can be applied to Commercial UAS, the possible applications and architecture. Towards this end, a study of the enterprise landscape and a stakeholder analysis are conducted. Next the current architecture of the Commercial UAS is identified. From this understanding, a possible future is identified and possible applications from integrating Digital Framework into Commercial UAS are identified. Finally, an architecture for the future UAS was proposed and four possible architectures that incorporated a Digital Framework into Commercial UAS were identified.
by Kautilya Vemulapalli.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
S.M.inEngineeringandManagement Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Commercial design'

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