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Journal articles on the topic 'Commercial flower'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Duong T. T., Pham. "The effects of plant spacing on yield and quality of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) cultivated in organic-oriented farming system on grey soil." Journal of Agriculture and Development 19, no. 03 (2020): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52997/jad.2.03.2020.

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Clitoria ternatea L. is a plant species that can be used in food and pharmaceutical industry. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different plant spacing on the productivity and quality of butterfly pea grown on grey soil in Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City. Six treatments correspond to plant spacing of 80 x 15 cm, 80 x 20 cm, 80 x 25 cm, 80 x 30 cm, 80 x 35 cm and 80 x 40 cm. The results showed that the highest flower amount (296.8 flowers/plant) was obtained with butterfly pea planted at the spacing of 80 x 15 cm, commercial flower weight (7.86 g/100 flowers), theoretical yield of f

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Braun, Norbert A., and Sherina Sim. "Jasminum grandiflorum: Influence of Flower Processing and Geographic Origin on Flower Absolute Composition." Natural Product Communications 15, no. 10 (2020): 1934578X2096099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x20960998.

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Five Jasminum grandiflorum flower absolutes harvested as flower buds and processed in the “ J. sambac-way” in different locations in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu were analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. These absolutes were compared with 5 commercial Indian J. grandiflorum flower absolutes manufactured in the traditional “ J. grandiflorum-way” from open flowers. Focus was placed on 42 key ingredients to investigate the influence of such a flower processing on the absolute composition. Our study established olfactive and composition differences of such ab

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Lykas, Christos, Maria Zografou, Ioulietta Samartza, et al. "Vase Life Evaluation of Three Greek Tulip Species Compared with a Commercial Cultivar." Horticulturae 9, no. 8 (2023): 928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9080928.

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Aiming at evaluating new candidate species for the cut flower market of Greece and beyond, in this study, the vase life of three Greek tulip plant species, Tulipa cretica ‘Hilde’ (CRH, local endemic of Crete, Greece), T. clusiana ‘Chrysantha’ (CLC, naturalized in Chios Island, Greece), and T. australis (AUS, native in the Mediterranean and Greece), was investigated in comparison to the commercial tulip hybrid Île-de-France (IDF). To this end, pre-cooled at 4 °C bulbs of the abovementioned Greek tulip plant species were bought from Dutch nurseries and grown in pots placed in unheated greenhouse

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Brahma, B. J., R. S. Antil, S. K. Yadav, and N. Kaushik. "Response of preservative chemicals on the shelf life of cut lilium (Lilium spp.) flower cv. ‘Pavia’." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 15, no. 1 (2023): 297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v15i1.4139.

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Lilium cut flowers have commercial importance and extending their vase life is vital. An increase in the vase life quality and quantity can directly increase the viability and price realization of commercially important flowers like lilium. Shelf life of cut lilium flower is influenced by using different preservative chemicals and sucrose added in vase solution. Such an extension of vase life can be achieved via chemical treatment. The trial was carried out to examine the effect of various concentration of two chemicals, AgNO3 (silver nitrate) and 8-HQC (8-Hydroxyquinoline citrate) along with

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Cardoso, Raquel DL, Simone M. Scheffer-Basso, and Magali F. Grando. "Proposal for commercial classification of the gerbera capitulum based in the flower overlap index." Horticultura Brasileira 28, no. 2 (2010): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362010000200013.

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The aim of this work was to propose a methodology for commercial classification of gerbera´s capitulum based on the trans flowers overlap coefficient. Three to eight capitula of twenty-eight cultivars of gerbera cut flower and seven non-commercial accesses were used. The width measurement of the trans flowers group (internal ray flower) as well as the sum of the width of the trans and ray flowers (external ray flower) groups were taken from each capitulum. The average of each access and the overlap coefficient were calculated (CS = width of the trans flowers group / Σ of the width of the trans

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Nikiann G. Mapalo and Alma P. Rosillo-Magno. "Morphological Events on the Development of Flowers, Fruits, and Seeds of Calamansi (XCitrofortunella microcarpa Bunge)." Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology (JSET) 6, no. 1 (2018): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.61569/05p6m923.

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The development of flowers, fruits, and seeds of calamansi, from initiation to commercial maturity, is described in terms of time intervals. This study provides the morphological ontology of calamansi fruit, a prerequisite for crop breeding program. Sections of the flowers, fruits and seeds were stained with 1% safranin solution and examined under a dissecting microscope. The developmental phases can be grouped into 9, 3 and 4 in floral, fruit and seed, respectively, with distinct morphological events. The time for the flower to reach anthesis from bud formation was 17 to 23 days. The developm

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Fernandes, Nayanny de S., Francisca Aliny N. Silva, Fernando A. S. de Aragão, Guilherme J. Zocolo, and Breno M. Freitas. "Volatile Organic Compounds Role in Selective Pollinator Visits to Commercial Melon Types." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 3 (2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n3p93.

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Pollination is essential for food production in the world, but in pollinator-dependent crops it relies on the attraction of pollinators to flowers. However, crop varieties vary in their attractiveness to flower visitors and volatile compounds emitted by flowers may play a significant role in attracting or repelling pollinators. Here, we investigated the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in both male and hermaphrodite flowers of five commercial types of melon Cucumis melo (Cantaloupe, Charentais, Galia, Piel de sapo and Yellow), and their role in attracting or repelling Apis mellifera f

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Wetzstein, Hazel Y., Weiguang Yi, Justin A. Porter, and Nadav Ravid. "Flower Position and Size Impact Ovule Number per Flower, Fruitset, and Fruit Size in Pomegranate." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 138, no. 3 (2013): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.138.3.159.

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Pomegranate trees (Punica granatum) produce large numbers of both hermaphroditic (bisexual) flowers that produce fruit and functionally male flowers that characteristically abort. Excessive production of male flowers can result in decreased yields resulting from their inability to set fruit. Within hermaphroditic flowers, sex expression appears to follow a spectrum ranging from those exhibiting strong to weak pistil development. Unknown is the scope that flower quality plays in influencing fruit production. A description of floral characteristics and how they vary with flowers of different siz

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Mayer, D. F., C. A. Johansen, and J. D. Lunden. "Honey Bee Foraging Behavior on Ornamental Crabapple Pollenizers and Commercial Apple Cultivars." HortScience 24, no. 3 (1989): 510–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.24.3.510.

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Abstract Data on flower characteristics and honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) foraging behavior were collected on 34 ornamental crabapple and five apple cultivars. Honey bees showed a strong fidelity to foraging on either non-white or white flowers. Nectar reward had little or no correlation to this behavior. Reflectance readings in a blue range (at 436 nm) were more closely correlated with flower-color categories than ultraviolet reflectance. Considering bee behavior and bloom timing, ‘Manchurian’, ‘Snowdrift’, and ‘Golden Hornet’ are potential ornamental crabapple pollenizers for ‘Delicious’ und

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HANDAYANI, TRI. "Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 18, no. 4 (2017): 1624–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180441.

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Handayani T. 2017. Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis. Biodiversitas 18: 1624-1631. Nepenthes mirabilis Druce is a commercial ornamental pitcher plant belonging to the Nepenthaceae. This species is often used as a parent plant in artificial crossbreeding. The plant is also used in traditional medicine, rope-making, handicraft, and bouquets. Flower development and pollen maturity are important factors in pitcher plant crossbreeding. However, information about its flowering is still lacking. This study aimed to record the flower morphology

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Takahashi, Shigekazu, Chiharu Yoshida, Hideyuki Takahashi, and Masahiro Nishihara. "Isolation and Functional Analysis of EPHEMERAL1-LIKE (EPH1L) Genes Involved in Flower Senescence in Cultivated Japanese Gentians." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 10 (2022): 5608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105608.

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The elongation of flower longevity increases the commercial value of ornamental plants, and various genes have been identified as influencing flower senescence. Recently, EPHEMERAL1 (EPH1), encoding a NAC-type transcription factor, was identified in Japanese morning glory as a gene that promotes flower senescence. Here we attempted to identify an EPH1 homolog gene from cultivated Japanese gentians and characterized the same with regard to its flower senescence. Two EPH1-LIKE genes (EPH1La and EPH1Lb), considered as alleles, were isolated from a gentian cultivar (Gentiana scabra × G. triflora).

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Nawfetrias, Winda, and Yuda Purwana Roswanjaya. "Variations on The Concentration and Purity of Oil Palm Flowers (Elais guineensis Jac.) in Some Extraction Methods for Identification of the Flowering Gene." Agrotech Journal 6, no. 2 (2022): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31327/atj.v6i2.1658.

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Palm oil production is related to the number of fruit and is thought to be determined since the beginning of the flowering phase as the initial stage of fruit formation. Identification of oil palm flowing genes needs to be done as the first step of knowing the mechanism of flowering in oil palm molecular. Oil male and palm females contain high polysaccharides and polyphenolic compounds so they can inhibit the process of molecular identification. Molecular studies provide accurate and fast information about the potential of oil palm genetics as a commercial commercial commodity. The purity and

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C, Aswath, and Rajiv Kumar. "Evaluation of Novel Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex. Hooker F.) Hybrids for Flower Quality Traits under Polyhouse Condition." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 15, no. 1 (2020): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.2020.v15i01.012.

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The present study was carried out to evaluate the performance of two gerbera hybrids IIHR15-7 and IIHR16-8 along with their parents and a commercial check, for flower quality traits under polyhouse condition in completely randomized block design, during 2016-17 to 2018-19. The hybrids IIHR15-7 and IIHR16-8 had been developed through the half-sib method of breeding with IIHR9 and Arka Ashwa, respectively, as parents. Data for three years were pooled and analyzed statistically. In both hybrids IIHR15-7 and IIHR16-8, all the quantitative traits were found to be on par with the respective commerci

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C, Aswath, and Rajiv Kumar. "Evaluation of Novel Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ex. Hooker F.) Hybrids for Flower Quality Traits under Polyhouse Condition." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 15, no. 1 (2020): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v15i1.788.

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The present study was carried out to evaluate the performance of two gerbera hybrids IIHR15-7 and IIHR16-8 along with their parents and a commercial check, for flower quality traits under polyhouse condition in completely randomized block design, during 2016-17 to 2018-19. The hybrids IIHR15-7 and IIHR16-8 had been developed through the half-sib method of breeding with IIHR9 and Arka Ashwa, respectively, as parents. Data for three years were pooled and analyzed statistically. In both hybrids IIHR15-7 and IIHR16-8, all the quantitative traits were found to be on par with the respective commerci

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G, Rajiv, Jawaharlal M, Allen J J, and Ganesh S. "Diversity assessment of Nerium accessions for growth and flower yield." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 17, no. 2 (2022): 543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i2.996.

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Thirty nerium accessions were evaluated for growth and flower yield. Each accession had specific vegetative and flowering traits, among them ACC-19 (Rasipuram pink double) recorded the maximum plant height (236.84 cm) and flower yield per plant (333.09g). ACC-2 (Panamarathanpatty white single) recorded the maximum number of primary branches (6.80). Leaf area (33.61 cm2), early flower bud initiation (90.47), flower bud length (3.40), number of inflorescences per plant (24.17), number of flowers per plant (10.67) were maximum in ACC-12. Accessions 12 (Rasipuram pink single) displayed profuse blo

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Halevy, Abraham H., Eitan Shlomo, and Ofra Ziv. "Improving Cut Flower Production of Balloon Flower." HortScience 37, no. 5 (2002): 759–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.37.5.759.

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Experiments aiming to adapt the perennial balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorus) as a commercial cut flower crop were conducted for 4 years under various growing conditions: four controlled-temperature rooms at two photoperiods in a phytotron, heated and unheated greenhouses, and a saran net-house (15% shade). Best flower yield was obtained following crown cooling for 12 weeks at 2 to 4 °C. Platycodon is a day-neutral plant, but produce more flowering stems under long days. Flower initiation and development is enhanced with increased growing temperature from 17/12 °C (day/night) to 27/22 °C.

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Almas, Munawar Hussain, Riaz Ali Shah, Syed Muhammad Hamayun Tahir, et al. "Effect of Substrate, Growth Condition and Nutrient Application Methods in Morphological and Commercial Attributes of Hybrid Rose (Rosa indica L.) Cv. Kardinal." Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences 4, no. 01 (2023): 356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.01.44.

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Rose is an important plant around the world. The largest trader of rose cut-flower and hybrid varieties is Netherland. Countless varieties are introduced in agriculture business for commercial production. While countless soil and soilless substrates are also utilized for commercial production of rose around the globe. Due to that it is important to standardize and see the best soil or soilless substrate for better production of commercial cut-flowers in Rose. Various soil substrates and growing environment (Under partial shade, 70% sunlight and open sun light) was observed for better commercia

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Preethi, S., P. Hemalatha, S. Selvanayaki, R. Ravi, and Raziya Banoo. "Cultivation and Marketing of Important Flower Crops in Dindigul District of Tamil Nadu." Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 42, no. 13 (2023): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i134114.

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Tamil Nadu is the leading producer of loose flowers in India. Dindigul is one of the major flower cultivation districts in Tamil Nadu. A flower crop survey was carried out in the Nilakottai Flower Market, Dindigul. There, much information was gathered through questionnaire method from thirty farmers about the cultivation of flower crops in that area, including climatic conditions, yield, value-added products, and various pests and diseases to flower crops. Then, other details were collected from ten commission agents and ten export agents in Nilakottai flower market regarding the marketing and

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Temple, Todd N., and Kenneth B. Johnson. "Evaluation of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Rapid Detection of Erwinia amylovora on Pear and Apple Fruit Flowers." Plant Disease 95, no. 4 (2011): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-10-0636.

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Fire blight of pear and apple is frequently an inoculum-limited disease but weather-based forecasting models commonly assume that the pathogen is omnipresent. To improve fire blight risk assessment during flowering, we developed a rapid pathogen detection protocol that uses loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to detect DNA of epiphytic Erwinia amylovora on samples of pear and apple flowers. LAMP detected a single flower colonized epiphytically by E. amylovora in a sample of 100 flower clusters (approximately 600 flowers). Samples of 100 flower clusters from orchards (approximately on

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Stanghellini, M. S., J. R. Schultheis, and J. T. Ambrose. "Pollen Mobilization in Selected Cucurbitaceae and the Putative Effects of Pollinator Abundance on Pollen Depletion Rates." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 127, no. 5 (2002): 729–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.127.5.729.

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Very little is known about the rate at which pollen grains are mobilized within insect-pollinated crop systems, and this is especially true the for commercial production of field-grown cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), monoecious muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.), and triploid watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai]. The rates of pollen depletion for these crops were therefore investigated on plots simulating commercial crop production using a mixed honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) and bumble bee (Bombus impatiens Cresson) pollinator complex. At anthesis, staminate cucumber, muskmelon,

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Prabawa, S., A. Raida, R. Hartanto, and B. Yudhistira. "The physicochemical quality of yellow chrysanthemum flower (Chrysanthemum indicum) brewed drink." Food Research 7, no. 3 (2023): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.7(3).840.

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Chrysanthemum flowers (Chrysanthemums indicum) are processed into several products such as brewed drinks because they have good health benefits. The production process of commercial chrysanthemum flower brewed drinks still uses a conventional dryer with solar energy, this can reduce the quality of dried chrysanthemum flower both physical and chemical quality. Our objectives were to evaluate the chemical and physical quality of yellow chrysanthemum flower brewed drink by a cabinet dryer (CD). The materials used were fresh yellow chrysanthemum flowers with a moisture content of 83.00% (wb). The

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Da Costa, Lucas Cavalcante, and Fernando Luiz Finger. "Flower opening and vase life of gladiolus cultivars: the sensitivity to ethylene and the carbohydrate content." Ornamental Horticulture 22, no. 2 (2016): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/oh.v22i2.901.

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Vase life is one of the most important characteristics in the quality of cut flowers. The carbohydrate content of petals from each cultivar can be a decisive factor to vase life of gladiolus flowers. Despite exposure to ethylene does not affect the life of open florets of gladiolus flowers, it may reduce the flower’s commercial life due the occurrence of flower buds abortion. This study thus aimed to evaluate the flower opening and the vase life of gladiolus flowers according to ethylene sensitivity and carbohydrate content of each cultivar. The gladiolus cultivars used in Experiment I were ‘A

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Wahyan, Dwiki Tri Satya, Ristika Handarini, and Dede Kardaya. "PERCENTAGES OF CARCASS PARTS OF MALE LOCAL DUCKS FED TORCH GINGER FLOWER (Etlingera elatior) SOLUTION INCLUDED IN COMMERCIAL RATION." Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara 3, no. 2 (2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jpnu.v3i2.926.

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Breast and thigh are the parts of duck carcass which are most commonly utilized and consumed by people. These carcass parts consist of meat, skin, and bones. This study was aimed at assessing the effects of the inclusion of torch ginger flower solution in commercial ration on live weight and percentages of carcass and its parts of male local ducks. The study was conducted from June to August 2016 at Poultry Laboratory of Animal Science Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Djuanda University, Bogor. Twenty-four male local ducks aged 2 weeks with average initial body weight of 450 ± 53.04 g we

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Flax, Nicholas J., Christopher J. Currey, James A. Schrader, David Grewell, and William R. Graves. "Herbaceous Perennial Producers Can Grow High-quality Blanket Flower in Bioplastic-based Plant Containers." HortTechnology 28, no. 2 (2018): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03922-17.

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We quantified the growth and quality of ‘Arizona Sun’ blanket flower (Gaillardia ×grandiflora) grown in different bioplastic containers and characterized the interest of commercial perennial producers in using bioplastic-based biocontainers in their herbaceous perennial production schemes. Plants were grown in three types of #1 trade gallon (0.75 gal) containers at five commercial perennial producers in the upper-midwestern United States. Containers included one made of polylactic acid (PLA) and a proprietary bio-based filler derived from a coproduct of corn ethanol production, a commercially

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Höhn, Daniela, Roberta Marins Nogueira Peil, Priscila Monalisa Marchi, Paulo Roberto Grolli, Lais Perin, and Douglas Schulz Bergmann da Rosa. "Growth and quality of lisianthus [Eustoma grandiflorum (Shinn.)] cultivated in rice husk substrates in troughs with leaching recirculation." Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas 13, no. 3 (2019): 458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2019v13i3.9891.

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This study aimed to evaluate the growth and quality of lisianthus cultivated in different rice husk substrates. The evaluated substrates were: carbonized rice husk (CRH; 100%); raw rice husk (RRH; 100%); CRH (70%) + S10 Beifort® commercial organic compost (30%); and RRH (70%) + S10 Beifort® commercial organic compost (30%). Plant dry mass (DM) production and partitioning, plant leaf area and shoot/root DM ratio were analyzed. Quality parameters of the flower stems were also evaluated (length; diameter and number of flowers and buds). The RRH substrate at 100% reduced plant growth and prevented

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Gast, Karen L. B. "Evaluation of Stem and Flower Strength of Different Freeze-dried Peony Cultivars." HortScience 31, no. 4 (1996): 637c—637. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.637c.

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The floral industry is always trying to identify new products for consumers. Dried/preserved products have gained in popularity because they have a long vase life and offer a wide range of forms, textures and shapes. Among these new dried/preserved products are freeze dried flowers. Freeze drying preserves flower color and shape better than air and matrix drying. From a grower's standpoint, they need to know which plants and which of their cultivars will freeze dry better than others, especially if the plant is a perennial that takes time to come into production. Peonies are a good example. Fr

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Jahnke, Nathan J., John M. Dole, Ben A. Bergmann, Guoying Ma, and Penelope Perkins-Veazie. "Extending Cut Paeonia Lactiflora Pall. Storage Duration Using Sub-Zero Storage Temperatures." Agronomy 10, no. 11 (2020): 1694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111694.

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Cut peonies (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) have a relatively short vase life and limited availability due to seasonal production. Cultivars Festiva Maxima (FM), Monsieur Jules Elie (MJE), and Sarah Bernhardt (SB) stored at 0.7 °C had a longer flower open time at 12 weeks of storage compared to those held at −3.1 or 3.5 °C, while the flower bud time was unaffected. The flower open time of FM and MJE was no different for stems stored at a sub-zero temperature of −0.6 °C for 16 weeks compared to non-stored stems. Flower quality, opening, and lack of deformity was reduced at 16 weeks of storage in com

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Aryal, Pragya, Anjila Adhikari, Rukmangat Pathak, and Rameshwor Pudasaini. "Effects of different concentrations of sucrose and citric acid on vase life of rose." Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 2, no. 1 (2019): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v2i1.26053.

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Vase life is the most important parameter to determine the quality of cut flower, however, due to highly perishable nature is always challenging to vase life. An experiment was conducted at Horticulture Lab, Prithu Technical College, Dangon 2018 in order to find out best concentration of sucrose and citric solution that enhances and prolongs the better flower quality and longevity. Experiment was laid out in completely randomize design (CRD) with nine treatments and three replication. Rose sticks were harvested at flower bud stage and two sticks were kept in each vase solution. 2% sucrose with

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Azpiazu, Celeste, Pilar Medina, Ángeles Adán, et al. "The Role of Annual Flowering Plant Strips on a Melon Crop in Central Spain. Influence on Pollinators and Crop." Insects 11, no. 1 (2020): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11010066.

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Planting flower strips adjacent to crops is among the habitat-management practices employed to offer alternative floral resources to pollinators. However, more information is needed to understand their potential spill-over of pollinators on nearby insect-pollinated crops. Over the course of two consecutive years, the suitability of a flower mixture of 10 herbaceous plants for pollinators was evaluated on a weekly basis, in a randomized block design of two melon plots (10 × 10 m2) with or without 1 m-wide flower strips. Floral coverage and pollinator visits to the plant species, as well as poll

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R. Wadagave, Anuradha, R. P. Sateesh, and D. R. Jhanavi. "Role of GA in Commercial Flower Crops." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (2024): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2024.1302.006.

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Plant hormones are a group of naturally occurring, organic substances which influence physiological processes at low concentrations. There are six classical groups of plant hormones includes auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid and brassinosteroids which occur naturally. The use of plant hormones in ornamental crops is more prevalent than in edible crops. The most common types of hormones used are gibberellins, ethylene and their antagonists. Gibberellic acids are one among them which are used to enhance stem elongation of many cut flowers and to promote bud break, thus pr

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Scagel*, Carolyn. "Mycorrhiza-induced Changes in Partitioning and Composition Alters Flower and Vegetative Production of Floral Geophytes." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 767C—767. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.767c.

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Resource partitioning and plant storage components are important factors that influence the productivity and profitability of geophyte species produced as floral crops. We determined that inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can alter different plant characteristics affecting productivity and quality of bulb and cut flower production of several floral geophytes including Brodiaea laxa, Zephyranthes sp., Sparaxis tricolor, Freesia × hybrida, Zantedeschia sp., and Canna sp. Plant growth, flower production, bulb/corm/tuber (bulb) production and composition were measured for two gro

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Nguyen, Toan, and Suong Ha. "The Potential Postharvest Treatments to Delay Flower Senescence and Improve Botrytis Resistance in Cut Peony Flowers." Horticulturae 10, no. 12 (2024): 1352. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10121352.

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The herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) flower is one of the most important ornamental plants in current international flower markets and is widely used for festive occasions because of its bright colors, large flowers, pleasant scent, and plump flower shape. However, the cut peony flowers have a relatively short postharvest life in vases compared to other flower species. The short vase life and susceptibility to gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea significantly influence the commercial value of cut peonies. Here, we reviewed the main factors for postharvest quality reduction

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Smith, Janice M., and Marihelen Kamp-Glass. "THE DIFFERENT EFFECTS OF OXYGEN RELEASE COMPOUND (ORC) IN COMBINATION WITH COMMERCIAL PLANT FERTILIZERS ON BEDDING PLANTS." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 647c—647. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.647c.

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The effects of ORC and different commercial plant fertilizers on Marigolds, Salvias, and Begonias were determined by height, flower number, fresh weight, dry weight, root length and tissue analysis. The treatments included controls, regular fertigations, and an over fertigation schedule. The experiment was set in a randomized block design with 5 reps per treatment which included 9 ORC and commercial plant fertilizer combinations, 4 commercial plant fertilizers, and controls. The plants with the ORC were more vigorous, had more flowers, and better overall color than the controls.

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Almeida, Diogo Brito de, José Geraldo Barbosa, José Antônio Saraiva Grossi, Fernando Luiz Finger, and Joice Crescencio Heidemann. "Influence of vernalization and bulb size on the production of lily cut flowers and lily bulbs." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 4Supl1 (2017): 2399. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2399.

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Exposure of bulbs to cold, a physiological phenomenon called vernalization, and bulb size are important factors in the production of lily bulbs and flowers. This study aimed to verify the influence of vernalization of bulbs on flowering cut lily plants, as well as the impact of size and shape of harvest on the production and quality of flowers and bulbs. In turn, the way the stems of the plants used for cut-flower production are cropped is of higher importance for the production of new flower bulbs. In this sense, the experiment was conducted in Viçosa, MG, in a greenhouse in a randomized bloc

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Almeida, Diogo Brito de, José Geraldo Barbosa, José Antônio Saraiva Grossi, Fernando Luiz Finger, and Joice Crescencio Heidemann. "Influence of vernalization and bulb size on the production of lily cut flowers and lily bulbs." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 4Supl1 (2017): 2399. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4suplp2399.

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Exposure of bulbs to cold, a physiological phenomenon called vernalization, and bulb size are important factors in the production of lily bulbs and flowers. This study aimed to verify the influence of vernalization of bulbs on flowering cut lily plants, as well as the impact of size and shape of harvest on the production and quality of flowers and bulbs. In turn, the way the stems of the plants used for cut-flower production are cropped is of higher importance for the production of new flower bulbs. In this sense, the experiment was conducted in Viçosa, MG, in a greenhouse in a randomized bloc

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Kodad, Ossama, and Rafel Socias i Company. "Significance of Flower Bud Density for Cultivar Evaluation in Almond." HortScience 43, no. 6 (2008): 1753–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.6.1753.

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Flower bud density, spur density, and number of flower buds per spur were evaluated in 57 almond cultivars and selections during 3 consecutive years to establish their repeatability as well as their potential to ensure a sustainable commercial production. These three traits showed a high variability with significant differences between genotypes and years as well as a significant interaction of genotype and year. The effect of location and the interaction of location and genotype were not significant for bud density, but they were for spur density and number of flower buds per spur. Variabilit

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Kiige, John Kamanthi, Patrick Wachira Mathenge, and Agnes Mumo Kavoo. "Biorational Preservation of Rose (Rosa hybrida L.) Cut-Flower Using Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.) and Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) Extracts." Journal of Horticulture and Plant Research 4 (November 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/jhpr.4.1.

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Rose cut flower is one of the widely grown cut flowers in Kenya. However, most roses have a challenge of short vase life. This study aimed at determining the efficacy of plant extracts from thyme and stevia in preservation of rose cut-flowers. Two rose cut-flower cultivars; ‘radiance and ‘high & sparkling’ were subjected to stevia and thyme extracts each at three levels (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6gL-1). Thyme extracts at a concentration of 0.2 gL-1 significantly (p≤001) extended the vase life of rose cut flower by 3.5 days and floral absorption rates by 10.4% compared to the commercial preservative

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Brahma, B. J., R. S. Antil, S. K. Yadav, and N. Kaushik. "A study on the effect of silver nitrate and 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate pulsing solutions on Lilium cut flowers." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 15, no. 2 (2023): 811–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v15i2.4608.

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Lilium is one of the most important cut flowers in commercial markets, giving customers ornamental value. Fresh flowers, a highly perishable item, need more care and proper treatment for their longer post-harvest life and due to this, the end users face the post-harvest losses of cut flowers. Such losses can be minimized by using preservative chemical, which plays an important role in increasing the vase life of flowers. To increase the post-harvest life of lilium cut flowers cv. ‘Pavia’, the present investigation was aimed to study the effect of different combinations and concentrations of si

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Sareh, Asri Ferianti, Pinta Murni, and Ervan Johan Wicaksana. "Morphological and phenological characteristics of petunia (Petunia hybrida Vilm.) flowering." Jurnal Biolokus 6, no. 1 (2023): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/biolokus.v6i1.1968.

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<p><em>Petunia hybrid</em> Vilm. is an ornamental plant that has the potential to be developed because its flowering period does not know the season and comes with various motifs and flower colors that can add cultivation and commercial value. Information on the morphological characteristics of flowers and flowering phenology is the basis for their development. The aim of this study was to characterize the morphological structure of flowers and observe a series of phases in flower development stages associated with environmental factors. This research was conducted in the sus

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Swart, L., and S. Coertze. "First Record of Botrytis Flower Blight Caused by Botrytis cinerea on Geraldton Waxflower in South Africa." Plant Disease 86, no. 4 (2002): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2002.86.4.440a.

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Geraldton waxflower (Chamelaucium uncinatum Schauer, family Myrtaceae), indigenous to western Australia, is cultivated commercially in South Africa as a cut-flower crop and exported to markets in the Northern Hemisphere. In September 2000, disease symptoms were observed on 4-year-old plants in a commercial orchard of C. uncinatum cv. Ofir in Philippe, in the Western Cape Province. The base of the petals and the calyxes of the waxflowers showed brown necrotic lesions. Eventually the calyx and all the petals turned brown, and the flowers shriveled and abscised. B. cinerea Pers.:Fr was consistent

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Karadağ, Ayşe Esra, Rengin Baydar, and Damla Kırcı. "Phytochemical quality analysis of commercial preparations containing Echinacea purpurea." European Journal of Life Sciences 3, no. 2 (2024): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.55971/ejls.1505892.

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Echinacea species have been medicinally important plants from the past to the present. Echinacea is used in many diseases, especially cold and wound treatment. The root, flower, and leaf parts of the plant, especially the flower, contain medicinally important components such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, echinacoside and cichoric acid. Today, the medicinal use of the Echinacea can be achieved with its flowers and herbal teas sold in herbal markets. In addition, Echinacea preparations available in pharmacies are used especially for immune boosting and to prevent colds and flu. In the prese

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S.F., Chandler. "Biotechnology in floriculture." Plant Introduction 45 (March 1, 2010): 90–98. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2553626.

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Genetic modification techniques are now well established in agriculture (Brooks and Barfoot, 2009; James, 2010). The same extensive commercial application of genetic modification has not been seen in horticulture and floriculture, with the exception of the development of cut flower crops modified for novel flower colour. In this paper a review is provided of the potential applications of genetic modification in floriculture, illustrated with the example of the production of delphinidin-related anthocyanins in flowers of transgenic carnation and rose. Possible reasons for the lack of commercial

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Stimart, Dennis P., and Kenneth R. Schroeder. "662 Genetics and Physiology of Postharvest Cut Flower Longevity." HortScience 34, no. 3 (1999): 562B—562. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.562b.

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Efforts to improve postharvest longevity of fresh-cut flowers has only recently turned toward selection and breeding. Conventional methods to extend keeping longevity of cut flowers depend on use of chemical treatment placed in holding solutions. Postharvest longevity studies were initiated with Antirrhinum majus L. (snapdragon) to determine: if natural genetic variation existed for cut-flower longevity, the inheritance of the trait, heritability, and associated physiology. Evaluation of commercial inbreds held in deionized water revealed a range in cut-flower longevity from a couple of days t

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Brevis*, Patricio A., and D. Scott NeSmith. "The Effective Pollination Period in Rabbiteye Blueberry." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 825A—825. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.825a.

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Rabbiteye blueberries (Vaccinium ashei Reade) often exhibit poor fruit set under commercial field conditions. Problems of low fruit set have been attributed to short periods of flower receptivity in different fruit crops. This study seeks to establish the effective pollination period (EPP, defined as the number of days during which pollination is effective to produce a fruit) in rabbiteye blueberry. The cultivars Brightwell and Tifblue were chosen due to their known difference in fruit set and field performance. Flowers were hand pollinated 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after anthesis (DAA) using sel

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Çelikel, Fisun G., and Michael S. Reid. "Storage Temperature Affects the Quality of Cut Flowers from the Asteraceae." HortScience 37, no. 1 (2002): 148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.37.1.148.

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The respiration of cut flowers of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus ex Hook.f. `Vesuvio') and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) increased exponentially with increasing storage temperature. Poststorage vase life and negatively gravitropic bending of the neck of the flowers were both strongly affected by simulated transport at higher temperatures. Vase life and stem bending after dry storage showed highly significant linear relationships (negative and positive, respectively) with the rate of respiration during storage. The data indicate the importance of maintaining temperatures close to the fr

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Al-Rawi, Louay Abdel Hamid Hussein, and Hammoud Gharbi Khalifa Al-Marsoumi. "Effect of Shading, Licorice Extract and Mycorrhizal on the Growth and Production of Commercial Cut Flowers of Two Cultivars of Shrubby Roses." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1262, no. 4 (2023): 042020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1262/4/042020.

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Abstract An experiment was conducted using the RCBD design, namely the Factorial Experiment within the Split-Split Plot. Complementary Storyline Shading, licorice extract, and mycorrhizal were tested on two cultivars of shrubby roses in a plastic greenhouse at the Department of Horticulture and Palms in the Baghdad Governorate during the spring of 2022 for their impact on the growth and production of commercial cut flowers. The use of two varieties of shrub roses, Angelina, red in color and Maroussia, white, using three levels of shading without shading and 25% and 50%. 1 + Maiko Raisa). And (

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Freyre, Rosanna, and Robert J. Griesbach. "Inheritance of Flower Color in Anagallis monelli L." HortScience 39, no. 6 (2004): 1220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.6.1220.

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Plants of Anagallis monelli in their native habitat or in cultivation have either blue or orange flowers. Clonally propagated cultivars, seed obtained from commercial sources and the resulting plants were grown in a greenhouse at the University of New Hampshire. F2 progeny obtained from hybridization between blue- and orange-flowered plants had blue, orange or red flowers. There were no significant differences in petal pH of orange-, blue-, and red-flowered plants that could explain the differences in flower color. Anthocyanidins were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography. Re

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Çelikel, Fisun G., and Michael S. Reid. "Postharvest Handling of Stock (Matthiola incana)." HortScience 37, no. 1 (2002): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.37.1.144.

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The respiration of flowers of stock [Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br.] had a Q10 of 6.9 between 0 and 10 °C. Simulated transport for 5 days resulted in marked reduction in the vase life of flowers transported at 10 °C and above. Flower opening, water uptake, and vase life of the flowers increased somewhat in a vase solution containing 50 ppm NaOCl, and considerably in a commercial preservative containing glucose and a bactericide. Exposure to exogenous ethylene resulted in rapid desiccation and abscission of the petals, effects that were prevented by pretreatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP).

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KUMAR, MYADAM NAVEEN, RITU JAIN, M. C. SINGH, et al. "Evaluation of packaging materials for enhancing the storage life of marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta)." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 94, no. 2 (2024): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v94i2.142634.

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Among the various loose flower crops, marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) holds a prominent place among commercial crops. Its vibrant blooms are in high demand, but flowers are perishable, rendering them susceptible to significant post-harvest losses. Efforts to mitigate these losses will enhance the overall flower production, distribution to maximize its economic potential and to sustain valuable contribution for the industry. So, the present experiment on storage of marigold flowers was conducted during 2021 and 2022 at the ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi with an objective t

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Gaddi, G. M., Santhosha, K. M, Srinivasulu G. B, et al. "Comparative Analysis of Open v/s Protected Cut Flower Rose Farming in Karnataka, India." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 30, no. 6 (2024): 631–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62081.

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In India, the floriculture industry is the second largest in the world, trailing only China. The total area under flower crops during 2023-24 was 285,000 hectares; production of loose flowers was estimated to be 21.52 lakh metric tons, and cut-flowers were 645 metric tons. Both fresh and dried cut flowers lead floriculture exports from India. (NHB, 2023-24). Among the plethora of flowers, the rose stands out as a plant with hundreds of species and thousands of cultivars, many of which are native to Asia. These roses are not only extensively used in commercial perfumery and pharmaceuticals but

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