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Journal articles on the topic 'Commission of Inquiry into Racial Discrimination'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Resendiz, Ramon, Rosalva Resendiz, and Irene J. Klaver. "Colonialism and Imperialism: Indigenous Resistance on the us/Mexico Border." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 16, no. 1-3 (2017): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341418.

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The Rio Grande River became a boundary after the Mexican-American War (1846-1848), dividing families and communities living along its banks. In 2005 theusCongress began enacting legislation for the purposes of building a physical fence along theus-Mexico border. As such, this digital media project foregrounds the story of Dr. Tamez, a tribal elder and retired colonel, and her Lipan Apache Band in their fight for social justice, a fight that went to federal court, and spurred an inquiry and report by the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, and the Inter-America

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Adelaide, Alyne, Bindi Corymbia, and Ambelin Chloe. "AHRC Efforts Action to Reduce Racial Discrimination Cases Occur in Australia." Pancasila International Journal of Applied Social Science 1, no. 01 (2023): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.59653/pancasila.v1i01.76.

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This article discusses the efforts of the Australian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) to reduce cases of racial discrimination in Australia 2015-2018. The AHRC's efforts are defined in five rules and procedures for resolving complaints of racial discrimination. Among them are socialization or early warning, complaints and investigations, compliance, continuation of legal action, and public hearings. The moment Australia ratified the United Nations Human Rights Commission (UNHRC) rules, namely the CERD rules on the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination

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Dani, Micaella, and Muharjono Muharjono. "AUSTRALIAN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION (AHRC) DALAM MENGURANGI KASUS DISKRIMINASI RAS DI AUSTRALIA TAHUN 2015-2018." Paradigma: Jurnal Masalah Sosial, Politik, dan Kebijakan 24, no. 1 (2021): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/paradigma.v24i1.5018.

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This journal discussing about the efforts of the Australian Human RightsCommission (AHRC) to reduce racial discrimination cases in Australia 2015-2018. The AHRC efforts was defined into five rules and procedures for resolving racial discrimination complaints. They are socialization or early warning, collecting complaints and investigation, fulfillment, continuation of legal actions, and public hearings. The Australia’s moment ratified the rules of the United Nations of Human Rights Commissioner (UNHRC), namely the CERD rules concerning the International Convention on the Elimination of All For

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Garciandia, Rosana, and Philippa Webb. "The UN’s Work on Racial Discrimination: Achievements and Challenges." Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 25, no. 1 (2022): 216–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413_02501020.

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In 1997, the Commission on Human Rights and the United Nations General Assembly decided to convene the third World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance in Durban, South Africa. All the major United Nations treaties protecting individuals from racial discrimination had been adopted prior to 1997 and the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance had been created in 1993. But the Durban Conference, symbolically held in post- apartheid South Africa, generated new momen

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Zhang, Yuyan. "The Origin of the Fair Employment Practice Commission." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 47 (February 19, 2025): 27–34. https://doi.org/10.54097/225yb636.

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Since the end of the Civil War, African Americans, although freed from the oppression of slavery and granted the status of freedmen, have never gained full civil rights due to widespread racial segregation. In their pursuit of a better life and better-paying jobs, many African Americans seized the opportunity of World War I to begin the Great Migration, which contributed to the rise of Black political and economic power. During the New Deal era and the early years of World War II, they faced intolerable employment discrimination and racial segregation. Additionally, there was a stark contradic

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Lovelace, H. Timothy. "Making the World in Atlanta's Image: The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, Morris Abram, and the Legislative History of the United Nations Race Convention." Law and History Review 32, no. 2 (2014): 385–429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248013000667.

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Atlanta's human rights community was buzzing, because the United Nations (U.N.) was coming to town. On Sunday, January 19, 1964, the front page of theAtlanta Daily World, the city's oldest black newspaper and the South's only black daily, announced, “United Nations Rights Panel to Visit Atlanta.” The U.N. Sub-Commission on the Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities (Sub-Commission), theDaily Worldexplained, was a fourteen nation “body that surveys the worldwide problems of discrimination.” The Sub-Commission had been invited to Atlanta by Morris Abram, a former Atlanta attor

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Baptiste, Bala James. "Banging on the Door." Resonance: The Journal of Sound and Culture 6, no. 1 (2025): 30–47. https://doi.org/10.1525/res.2025.6.1.30.

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This study concerns the racial integration of radio broadcasting in the United States. It explores the federal government’s role in prohibiting station owners from discriminating against African Americans regarding employment. It argues that the federal government played a leading role in laying the foundation for Black people to enter full-time employment in broadcasting. President Lyndon B. Johnson enacted the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. The EEOC provided investigatory authority and later prosecutorial power to enforce antiracial d

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den Heijer, Maarten. "Visas and Non-discrimination." European Journal of Migration and Law 20, no. 4 (2018): 470–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12340039.

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Abstract The article examines whether the EU visa policy discriminates on racial or religious grounds. That the EU’s selection of countries whose nationals are subject to the visa obligation strongly correlates with global ethnic and religious demarcations fuels concerns about discrimination. The article juxtaposes the standards that have evolved in European non-discrimination law for justifying disparate racial and religious effects of immigration policies with the legislative history of the Visa list regulation. It argues that the progressive refinement of visa liberalisation dialogues by th

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Dr, Adam Paul Heaton. "Doubling Down on Double Discrimination: Better supporting Indigenous Australians with disability." International Journal of Arts and Social Science 4, no. 5 (2023): 245–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7744998.

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This paper outlines the author's response to the Australian Senate Community Affairs Legislation Committee inquiry into the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) Amendment Bill 2020. The focus of the inquiry and the bill is to improve supports for at risk participants. The submission to the inquiry looks at various factors impacting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (Indigenous Australians) with disability, including location, income, access to services and appropriateness of current support arrangements, and puts forward suggestions for improvement. Often also experiencin

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Grayson, J. Paul. "Negative Racial Encounters and Academic Outcomes of International and Domestic Students in Four Canadian Universities." Journal of International Students 4, no. 3 (2014): 262–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v4i3.466.

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In Canada, there has been little systematic inquiry into the nature and extent of discrimination against university students and the potential impact of discrimination on educational outcomes. On the basis of an examination of domestic and international students at the University of British Columbia (Vancouver), York (Toronto), McGill (Montreal), and Dalhousie (Halifax), it is argued that with the exception of employment of Chinese origin and Black students, in general, students experience little discrimination on- and off-campus; that the discrimination confronted by students does not systema

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Hogan, Bernie, and Brent Berry. "Racial and Ethnic Biases in Rental Housing: An Audit Study of Online Apartment Listings." City & Community 10, no. 4 (2011): 351–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6040.2011.01376.x.

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As rental markets move online, techniques to assess racial/ethnic rental housing discrimination should keep pace. We demonstrate an audit method for assessing discrimination in Toronto's online rental market. As a multicultural city with less segregation and more diverse visible minorities than most US cities, Toronto lends itself to multiname audit studies. We sent 5,620 fictitious email inquiries to landlords offering apartments on Craigslist, a popular Internet classifieds service. Each landlord received one inquiry each from five racialized groups—Caucasian, Black, E/SE Asian, Muslim/Arabi

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Allsopp, Harriet, Giovanna Astolfo, Annegret Haase, et al. "Migrant housing struggle and racial discrimination: The case of postsocialist Leipzig and Riga." Radical Housing Journal 6, no. 2 (2024): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.54825/cmkm2131.

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The civic mobilisation welcoming Ukrainian refugees after Russia’s invasion in February 2022 has shown how housing is a social infrastructure based on care and solidarity. But it has also shown its discriminatory face. By drawing on our recent collaborative research in Leipzig and Riga and conceptual reflections from previous research, this paper elaborates on how practices of welcoming and housing refugees intertwine with state racism and everyday discrimination. It is grounded in two intersecting lines of inquiry. The first one focuses on migrant housing struggles in the context of increased

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Curtis, Michael, Steven M. Kogan, and Christopher C. Whalen. "177 Contextual Pathways Linking Racial Discrimination to Rural Black American Mens COVID Vaccine Hesitancy." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 6, s1 (2022): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2022.83.

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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The present study investigated contextual factors linking rural Black American mens experiences of racial discrimination to their COVID vaccine hesitancy. Specifically, we investigated two potential mediators of the link between racial discrimination and COVID vaccine hesitancy: (1) medical mistrust, and (2) COVID conspiratorial beliefs. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling with 7 waves of data from 504 Black American men participating in a longitudinal study of risk behavior and substance use during young adulthood. At baseline,

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Iataeva, Polina, and Arsenii Iataev. "Prohibition of discrimination: a norm of jus cogens?" Право и политика, no. 7 (July 2025): 26–41. https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0706.2025.7.75172.

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The subject of the research is the norms of international law, the content of which is established, among other things, through the practice of international courts and tribunals. A key question is the definition of jus cogens norms through the lens of the prohibition of discrimination. Their content depends on how the hierarchy of norms of international law is understood, as well as on conceptions of whether a hierarchy of norms of international law exists at all. The research unfolds within the framework of the work of the UN International Law Commission on establishing secondary sources of

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Jones-Obeng, Caralee. "Does Racism Discriminate? Racial and Ethnic Discrimination Among Nigerians and Jamaicans in Houston Texas." Journal of Black Studies 52, no. 8 (2021): 884–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00219347211042035.

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As a result of more racially inclusive immigration policies in the U.S., the African and Caribbean population has increased. Thus far, scholarly inquiry on Black immigrants have focused on their incorporation into the racial hierarchy, their experiences with racism, and their relationships with African Americans. While beneficial, these studies overlook the impact of ethnic discrimination for Black immigrants. Although all individuals of African descent share similar racialized experiences in the U.S., I hypothesize that diverse Black immigrant groups endure unique discriminatory experiences b

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Rumrill, Phillip D., Han Zhang, Jian Li, et al. "Workplace discrimination allegations and outcomes involving Caucasian Americans, African Americans, and Hispanic/Latinx Americans with multiple sclerosis: A causal comparative analysis." Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 56, no. 1 (2022): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jvr-211175.

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BACKGROUND: Although African Americans and Hispanic/Latinx Americans with multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently cite workplace discrimination as a major concern, the specific nature of this discrimination is not yet well understood. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate racial/ethnic differences in allegations of workplace discrimination by Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic/Latinx American individuals with MS. METHODS: The United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) Integrated Mission System (IMS) database was used to describe and compare the frequency a

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Thornhill, Ted. "We Want Black Students, Just Not You: How White Admissions Counselors Screen Black Prospective Students." Sociology of Race and Ethnicity 5, no. 4 (2018): 456–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2332649218792579.

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Most historically and predominantly white institutions (HPWIs) now desire some number of black students on their campuses. However, recent theoretical scholarship suggests that HPWIs’ desire for and willingness to embrace black students is predicated on their racial palatability. The theory of intraracial discrimination stipulates that white gatekeepers are increasingly inclined to screen blacks to “weed out” those they perceive as too concerned with race and racism. In this study, the author assessed whether there was evidence of intraracial discrimination within the HPWI admissions regime. T

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Maume, David, Ervin (Maliq) Matthew, and George Wilson. "Minority Threat, Worker Power, and Discriminatory Complaints: State-level Effects on Racial Income Inequality among Men." Social Currents 5, no. 3 (2018): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329496518762000.

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Because U.S. states are meaningful polities with differing cultures and institutions, they are important locations for the struggles for resources. Yet there have been surprisingly few studies of how state-level cleavages and institutions shape the pattern of income inequality, especially by race. This article matches individual-level data on income and its determinants (from the Current Population Survey) to state-level measures (mostly from Census data) of varying demographic, power, and institutional configurations. A multilevel model of the racial pay gap is estimated showing that racial i

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Price, Gregory N. "The Kerner Commission Report: Did It Incentivize or Cause an Increase in the Production and Hiring of Black PhD Economists in Academia?" Review of Black Political Economy 46, no. 4 (2019): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034644619857729.

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Approximately 50 years ago, the Kerner Commission Report cited pervasive racial discrimination in training, education, and employment as a contributor to Black–White inequality and stratification in the United States. This article considers if the Kerner Commission Report incentivized and possibly caused an increase in the production and hiring of Black PhD economists in academia. With longitudinal data on counts of economic doctorates earned by Black Americans employed in economics departments between 1957 and 2018, we estimate the parameters of count data specifications that accounts for the

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Finkle, Todd A., Robert A. Figler, and Kenneth A. Dunning. "West Point Market: Managing a Challenge from the EEOC." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 25, no. 3 (2001): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104225870102500305.

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Russell Vernon, a second-generation owner and manager of West Point Market in Akron, Ohio, must decide whether to settle, go to court, or reconcile (mutually agreeable solution) with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission on an allegation of racial discrimination. He firmly believes that he is innocent. If he chooses to reconcile or settle the case out of court, he could be construed as a racist. If he chooses to go to court and loses, he may lose his family business. This emotionally charged situation is presented as a management decision that must be based on an analysis of the facts. T

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Viwweswaran, Kamala. "Diaspora by Design: Flexible Citizenship and South Asians in U.S. Racial Formations." Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 6, no. 1 (1997): 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.6.1.5.

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Is the warm reception given Dinesh D’Souza’s writing not in part due to the place he occupies as a member of a “model minority” seen as increasingly important to political conservatives like Phil Gramm? I wonder. I have been equally struck by the fact that under the second Reagan administration, one of the most prominent members of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the agency charged with monitoring and investigating claims of racial discrimination, was Joy Cherian, an Indian immigrant. More recently, I have contemplated the role Pakistani-American M. Ali Raza played (in 1994) in as

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van Zyl-Hermann, Danelle. "White Workers in the Late Apartheid Period: A Report on the Wiehahn Commission and Mineworkers’ Union Archival Collections." History in Africa 43 (December 21, 2015): 229–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hia.2015.29.

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Abstract:This paper offers a critique of the existing historiography on the late apartheid period, arguing that white workers’ role in and experience of the unraveling of racial privilege in the labor arena has been obscured by a focus on the high politics of reform and on anti-apartheid resistance emanating from African labor and the broader black population. Reporting from the archive, it discusses two under-utilized archival collections – that of the Commission of Inquiry into Labour Legislation and of the Mineworkers’ Union – as sources for starting to write white working-class organizatio

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Cachón Rodríguez, Lorenzo. "Crowley, Niall. 2022. To name and address the underlying problem: Structural discrimination on the ground of racial or ethnic origin, Brussels: European Commission, Directorate-General for Justice and Consumers, 110 p." Deusto Journal of Human Rights, no. 12 (December 22, 2023): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/djhr.2912.

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La crítica del libro de Niall Crowley To name and address the underlying problem: Structural discrimination on the ground of racial or ethnic origin (2020) pone de relieve la importancia de abordar la discriminación estructural por origen racial o étnico, lo que a nivel comunitario solo ha empezado a hacerse con el Plan de Acción Antirracista de la UE aprobado en 2020. La recensión señala la conveniencia de clarificar los conceptos que se utilizan para analizar el racismo y la discriminación estructural, la necesidad de abordar los diferentes procesos de discriminación que sufren los inmigrant

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Mahli, Fahrurrozi, Andi Shufiyah Qulub, and Inas Affazul Muna. "COMMITTEE OF ELIMINATION RACIAL DISCRIMINATION (CERD) ACTIONS AGAINST ISRAEL'S ETHNIC CLEANSING CRIMES AGAINST PALESTINE." Jurnal Meta-Yuridis 7, no. 1 (2024): 19–33. https://doi.org/10.26877/m-y.v7i1.17527.

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Palestineâ€™s importance in debates about race, and racism in international law stems largely from the Zionist movementâ€™s attempt to establish a new settler colonial state in an era when decolonization and liberal rejection of racism were rife around the world. The Nakba 0f 1948 will be repeated on October 7, 2023. this article wants to see the actions and responses of the Committee of Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) to ethnic cleansing carried out by Israel againts Palestinians and the response of third countries to Israelâ€™s action againts Palestinians. The method used is the

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Boçon, Mariana Schafhauser. "The CJEU’s judgment in CHEZ and indirect discrimination by association: an analysis of progress in combating racial or ethnic discrimination in the European Union." UNIO – EU Law Journal 3, no. 2 (2019): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/unio.3.2.3.

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Since the entry into force of the Directive 2000/43/EC of 29 June 2000 (implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin), Member States have been the subject of reports from the European Commission in 2006 and 2014, from which we can analyze the contributions of the Directive in promoting equality. The obstacles faced in the interpretation of concepts such as direct discrimination, indirect discrimination, and positive actions are worthy of note. In addition, what is also important to highlight is the main ethnic groups that suffer from dis

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Maha Cheema and Alisha Fakhar Ghumman. "David Lurie’s Trial in J. M. Coetzee’s Disgrace (1999) as an Allegory of South Africa’s ‘Truth & Reconciliation Commission’." Journal of Arts and Linguistics Studies 3, no. 1 (2025): 667–85. https://doi.org/10.71281/jals.v3i1.246.

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The trial of David Lurie portrays the failure of ‘Truth and Reconciliation Commission’ trials in post-apartheid South Africa. This paper contends through David’s character that inability to search for the truth and its acceptance regarding the 300-year long abuse perpetrated upon the native Africans was the reason for the failure of the trial. The absence of finding the actual truth in TRC led to the failures of the trials when the timely justice was served instead of long-term education of the postcolonial environment of New South Africa. David’s disgrace is attached to his ignorance from the

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Johnson, Larry, Deirdre Cobb-Roberts, and Barbara Shircliffe. "African Americans and the Struggle for Opportunity in Florida Public Higher Education, 1947-1977." History of Education Quarterly 47, no. 3 (2007): 328–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2007.00103.x.

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In the decades following World War II, access to higher education became an important vehicle for expanding opportunity in the United States. The African American-led Civil Rights Movement challenged discrimination in higher education at a time when state and federal government leaders saw strengthening public higher education as necessary for future economic growth and development. Nationally, the 1947 President's Commission on Higher Education report Higher Education for American Democracy advocated dismantling racial, geographic, and economic barriers to college by radically expanding publi

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Belford, Nish. "Walking the story of my Indo-Mauritian indentured ancestry: An arts-based inquiry into voiced resistance and conflict with reconciliation." International Journal of Education Through Art 18, no. 1 (2022): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/eta_00080_1.

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Reconciliation is a contested term often associated with postcolonial discourses, contending with global histories of injustice, racial discrimination and dispossession that affect diverse groups (slaves, indentures or Indigenous people). Reconciliation stories mainly encounter resistance when problematized by individual experiences. As a woman of Indo-Mauritian indenture descent, I explore my ancestral stories from gendered dimensions: hailed by hardships, discrimination and patriarchal norms from colonialization and its legacies. I discuss my perceived subalternity and disempowerment in defi

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Seljak, David. "Post-secularism, Multiculturalism, Human Rights, and Religion in Ontario." Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 45, no. 4 (2016): 542–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008429815596547.

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Most Canadians believe that they have resolved the issue of religious freedom—as well as the problems of the injustice of Christian privilege and discrimination based on religion—by redefining the social order according to Canadian models of secularism, multiculturalism, and human rights. Typical of this resolution were the protections against discrimination based on religion or “creed” in the Ontario Human Rights Code, drafted in 1962. However, dramatic social and demographic changes in Ontario over the last fifty years have presented the efforts of the Ontario Human Rights Commission to prot

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Akhtar, Zia. "Child Sex Grooming." European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 22, no. 2 (2014): 167–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718174-22022045.

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There was a recent trial of Asian men for sexually grooming white girls at the Old Bailey which led to their conviction in R v Akhtar Doggar and others (27/6/13). This has intensified the debate if this a ‘cultural’ crime and more prevalent in men from ethnic minorities. The accusation that it is culture specific has brought with it the risk of racial discrimination and breach of the Human Rights Act 1998, under the Right to a Fair Trial. The indictment for sexual grooming falls with the Sexual Offences Act Section 15 that concerns internet grooming. The theory that on street grooming, which c

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McCarthy, R., P. Cleary, and L. J. Sahm. "515 Pharmacy Students’ Experiences of Discrimination during Experiential Learning Placement - a quantitative survey." International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 31, Supplement_1 (2023): i46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riad021.054.

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Abstract Introduction Discrimination in the workplace is defined by the Irish Human Rights and Equality Commission as ‘less favourable treatment’ than another employee in a comparable setting (1). When pharmacy students undertake experiential learning placements (ELP), they become part of the workplace and therefore potential candidates for exposure to discrimination. This study aimed to assess the student learning experience on ELP in line with the values of Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) of University College Cork. Aim This study investigated if pharmacy students experienced discrim

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Reid, Kiron. "The Home Secretary and Improved Accountability of the Police?" Journal of Criminal Law 69, no. 3 (2005): 232–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/jcla.69.3.232.64785.

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A week is a long time in politics and Charles Clarke has been in post for some time as Home Secretary after the unplanned departure of David Blunkett. Blunkett had seen through radical police reforms but his departure was not because of serious issues like policy. Clarke has continued to pursue the police reform agenda and this article covers the direction of Labour government policy in its second term and specifically key legal developments in David Blunkett's final year as Home Secretary. These include the outcome of his dispute with Humberside Police Authority over its refusal to comply wit

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Dewi, Fransisca Iriani R., Rita Markus Idulfilastri, and Meylisa Permata Sari. "THE CULTURE AND YOUTH RESILIENCE STRATEGIES: A QUALITATIVE INQUIRY." International Journal of Application on Social Science and Humanities 1, no. 2 (2023): 1440–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/ijassh.v1i2.26466.

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Youth face a variety of difficulties and obstacles as they mature. Bullying, racial discrimination, trouble adjusting, parental divorce, and parental pressures for accomplishment are all sources of stress or risk factors. However, little is known about the components that contribute to teenage resilience development. The process of negotiating, managing, and adjusting to a large source of stress or trauma is referred to as resilience. Internal and external variables have an impact on resilience. External influences include the individual's attachment to culture, as well as cognitive ability an

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McCallaghan, Sean, and Renier Steyn. "Deciphering microaggressions: Advancing a theoretical framework for scholarly inquiry." Interdisciplinary Journal of Management Sciences 2, no. 1 (2025): a06. https://doi.org/10.38140/ijms-2025.vol2.1.06.

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Microaggressions (MA) are said to be a subtle everyday form of discrimination where, in some cases, the perpetrators are not even aware that they are acting in a discriminatory manner. There seems to be interest from scholars regarding MA, with several authors attempting to understand the underlying theory that explains MA behaviour. The main objective of this study was to critically review and systematically organise the literature that sought to explain the theoretical underpinning of MA. This was necessary for structuring future studies so that they would contribute to the existing body of

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Dhand, Ruby. "Access to Justice for Ethno-Racial Psychiatric Consumer/Survivors in Ontario." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 29 (February 1, 2011): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v29i0.4483.

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Ethno-racial psychiatric consumer/survivors face complex forms of discrimination as a result of the culture specific stigmatization of mental health disabilities, institutional racism and culturally inappropriate care. In an effort to achieve better access to justice for ethno-racial communities, we must strive to understand their complex needs, perspectives and conceptions of mental health. Thus, I identify and critique the legal barriers, which are perceived to differentially affect ethno-racial psychiatric consumer/survivors in Ontario, through an analysis of the Consent and Capacity Board

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Midgette, Allegra J., and Kelly Lynn Mulvey. "Unpacking young adults’ experiences of race- and gender-based microaggressions." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 38, no. 4 (2021): 1350–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407521988947.

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To date the majority of the research on microaggressions has focused on the experiences of targets, rather than the perpetrators, of microaggresive behaviors. The present study set out to investigate 278 college students’ ( Mage = 19.12, SD = 1.34, 52.52% cisgender women, 74.82% European American) reported types of experience (a) unaware, b) aware, c) observer, d) perpetrator, and e) target) with race- and gender-based microaggressive behaviors and the association between their experiences and ambivalent sexist and color-blind racial attitudes. Participants completed an online survey composed

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Ahearne, Gemma, and Robert Freudenthal. "The health/power/criminality-nexus in the state of exception." Journal of Contemporary Crime, Harm, and Ethics 1, no. 1 (2021): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/jcche.v1i1.1159.

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The positioning of the ‘other’ as a dangerous vector of disease is a long-standing trope. This has existed both in racial terms, such as the 1905 Aliens Act, and for others positioned as on the outliers of society, such as sex workers, under the Contagious Diseases Acts 1864, 1866, 1869 (Hamilton, 1978). The public health system has long been used as a system of control, alongside its self-described role as existing for the betterment of population health. Similarly, other aspects of our health system have long functioned both as a foundational part of the welfare state, and as key perpetrator

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Narayan, Aditya. "Apartheid’s Legacy: A Critical Analysis of the Enduring Socio-Economic and Racial Inequities in Post-Apartheid South Africa." International Journal of Education, Modern Management, Applied Science & Social Science 07, no. 02(I) (2025): 134–41. https://doi.org/10.62823/ijemmasss/6.4(ii).7593.

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Although apartheid was officially abolished in 1994, its long-lasting effects continue to shape South Africa’s society, economy, and political landscape in powerful ways. This paper examines the enduring legacy of apartheid by analyzing key issues such as economic inequality, unequal access to education, racial disparities in property ownership, and the ongoing discrimination that affects how different racial groups are treated in daily life. Despite efforts by the government and civil society to correct past injustices, such as the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), Black Economic Emp

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Hicks, Elizabeth. "Context and the Limits of Legal Reasoning: The ‘Victim Focus’ of Section 18c in Comparative Perspective." Federal Law Review 44, no. 2 (2016): 257–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x1604400204.

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This paper considers the recent controversy surrounding section 18C of the Racial Discrimination Act, and assesses the need for reform. I argue that the controversy surrounding section 18C is traceable to two causes. Firstly, section 18C locates the harm of hate speech within the experience of a victim, and secondly, describes this experience in terms of ‘feelings’ such as offence and insult. This ‘victim focus’ departs from the traditional characterisation of vilification as speech that harms social cohesion – an approach I refer to as the ‘incitement focus’. I defend section 18C's ‘victim fo

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Lugosi, Nicole V. T. "“Truth-telling” and Legal Discourse: A Critical Analysis of the Neil Stonechild Inquiry." Canadian Journal of Political Science 44, no. 2 (2011): 299–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423911000187.

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Abstract. Employing a critical race methodology focused on the notion of law as a hegemonic form of truth telling, I examine the findings and recommendations of the commission of inquiry into the death of Neil Stonechild to show how certain stories were told (or not) through legal narratives, and how, in such a judicial forum, specific narratives were framed as more legitimate than others. This forum reproduces colonial assumptions of the Aboriginal “other,” as deserving less priority in the realm of justice and the Aboriginal voice as illegitimate compared to legal actors, thereby weakening n

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Gordon, Robert. "High Treason: The trial of the Bondelzwarts kaptein and the politics of settler self-delusion." New Contree 89 (December 30, 2022): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54146/newcontree/2022/89/04.

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This paper concerns official “truth-seeking” about the Bondelzwarts Rebellion and its brutal suppression in 1922 by the South African administration in its newly-mandated territory of South West Africa. These events generated a number of official accounts, namely the administrator’s report, the Report of the Commission of Inquiry and subsequent debates in the South African parliament and the Permanent Mandates Commission of the League of Nations. These inquisitorial modes of truth-seeking are contrasted with the adversarial juridical mode in the treason trial resulting from the Bondelzwarts Re

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Woodley, Xeturah M. "Voices in the Desert." International Journal of Bias, Identity and Diversities in Education 4, no. 2 (2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbide.2019070101.

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The experiences of Black women educators are important, and yet their personal and professional experiences are rarely included as part of the faculty narrative at most North American higher education institutions. The continued normalization of White Supremacy and androcentricity, within North American higher education, maintain systems of oppression that perpetuate the systematic marginalization of Black women within the faculty ranks. The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of Black women educators in New Mexico's higher education institutions. With a grounding in Black

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Morello-Frosch, Rachel A. "Discrimination and the Political Economy of Environmental Inequality." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 20, no. 4 (2002): 477–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c03r.

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Over the last decade there has been a surge in academic and scientific inquiry into disparities in environmental hazards among diverse communities. Much of the evidence points to a general pattern of disproportionate exposures to toxics among communities of color and the poor, with racial differences often persisting across economic strata. Although results have implications for the politics of environmental decisionmaking, most of these analyses are limited to illustrating how inequities in exposures and health risks are spread across the landscape, while shedding little light on their origin

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Li, Zheng. "How Racial Diversity and Gender Diversity in Job Positions Affect the Economy?" Contemporary Economics 17, no. 2 (2023): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.502.

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Gender and racial discrimination at work have gradually gained more attention from the public in the recent years. With social movements such as #MeToo and #BlackLivesMatter, people start to reach the consensus that there should be more equality in society; more perspectives from different genders and different races are beneficial to society. This paper focuses on employment in the general workforce and studies how race and gender diversity in different job positions affect the economy. This paper explores to empirically explain why race and gender diversity in the workforce can have an impac

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Kim, Dongjo. "A Reflection on the Racism as an Impediment to Social Integration and Insufficient Anti-Discrimination Law in Germany." Asia Europe Perspective Association 18, no. 2 (2021): 75–93. https://doi.org/10.31203/aepa.2021.18.2.004.

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Compared to the criticism of the Nazi regime, its strength has weakened much, but the criticism of racial discrimination in Germany has not completely disappeared in the United Nations and the European Parliament. In recent years, there has been a call for reform of criminal law to strictly punish racially motivated acts, financial expansion of anti-discrimination departments in Germany. This paper first examines the implications of social integration and discrimination in Germany, and in particular the problems in the labor market, the main stage of discrimination. After reviewing the rationa

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Baker, Jeannine. "“Once a typist always a typist”." Feminist Media Histories 4, no. 4 (2018): 160–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fmh.2018.4.4.160.

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This article discusses the Australian Women's Broadcasting Co-operative (AWBC), formed by women working at the Australian Broadcasting Commission in response to the United Nations' declaration that 1975 would be International Women's Year. It examines the AWBC's attempts to challenge entrenched structural inequalities and sexual discrimination, improve opportunities for women in the organization, and change dominant representations of women's lives in the media. It analyzes the significance of the AWBC's key interventions, including the production of a national weekly radio show for women, The

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Aranda, Maria. "US RACIAL AND ETHNIC DISPARITIES IN DEMENTIA LIFE EXPECTANCY, RISK/PROTECTIVE FACTORS, AND CAREGIVING STRESSORS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1348.

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Abstract The health, emotional, and economic impacts of dementia are far-reaching and impossible to fully calculate. Late-life dementia is not equitably distributed across population subgroups including older people and racial/ethnic minorities. Clear evidence underscores disparities in social/personal resources, environmental exposures, racism/discrimination, increased burden of caregiving, and uneven access to quality care especially for Blacks and Hispanics and caregivers. Each paper in this symposium addresses high-priority, disparity research areas highlighted in the recent NASEM Decadal

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Sekerka, Leslie Elizabeth, and Marianne Marar Yacobian. "Fostering workplace respect in an era of anti-Muslimism and Islamophobia." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 37, no. 8 (2018): 813–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-11-2017-0265.

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PurposeThe marginalization of Muslims can foster anxiety, anger, or fear in the workplace. Such negative reactions may prompt incivility among coworkers, denigrating a thoughtful regard for others. While legal protections are intended to promote fairness, mandates do not always prevent discrimination. As a result, management needs to frame anti-Muslimism as an ethical issue and proactively cultivate environments that support respect. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachTo understand how anti-Muslimism may emerge in organizational settings, this work defines Islamo

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LADJAJ, Mariem. "PENAL PROTECTION FOR NATIONAL UNITY AND SOCIETAL HARMONY IN LIGHT OF THE DEVELOPMENTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, "THE LAW ON PREVENTION OF DISCRIMINATION AND HATE SPEECH IN ALGERIAN LEGISLATION AS A MODEL"." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 05, no. 03 (2023): 632–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.23.32.

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The developments of artificial intelligence, with the increasing number of people using online communication platforms and messaging applications, enabled the continuous and immediate flow of information exchange, and helped speed up communication and access to information, which affected the use of digital tools during political, social and economic crises, as well as in the event of natural disasters and conflicts, In order to distort the facts intentionally or unintentionally, with the aim of provoking strife by influencing members of society and inciting them against each other, and inciti

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O'Nions, Helen. "Narratives of Social Inclusion in the Context of Roma School Segregation." Social Inclusion 3, no. 5 (2015): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v3i5.258.

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Despite a series of judgements from the European Court of Human Rights and the enactment of the EU Racial Equality Directive, the educational segregation of Roma pupils persists in several European states. State action plans submitted pursuant to the European Framework for Roma Integration rarely provide clear targets and do not commit to inclusive schooling. Taking education as a principle indicator of social inclusion, this article identifies that structural inequality and entrenched discriminatory attitudes are the main obstacles to Roma inclusion. This can only be addressed through the dif

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