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Journal articles on the topic 'Commissioned Investigations'
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1
Sumter, Jeffery L., Jill Roberts, Adrienne Goodrich-Doctor, and Thomas J. Mason. "Ebola Response: A study of the Psychosocial Factors of Preparedness Among Commissioned Corps Officers of the United States Public Health Service." Military Medicine 184, no. 9-10 (May 29, 2019): e502-e508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz018.
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AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of the cross-sectional study was to explore the relationships between occupational and general-self efficacy, and perceived preparedness among Commissioned Corps officers in the United States Public Health Service (Commissioned Corps). Commissioned Corps officers fight to protect the United States from diseases and care for the survivors of natural disasters and terrorist attacks. Commissioned Corps officers play a vital role in the fight to protect the United States from diseases and care for the survivors of natural disasters and terrorist attacks. The Commissioned Corps provided healthcare services in Liberia during the 2014 Ebola crisis that underscored the challenges of emerging diseases in a globalized community. It is imperative that these health professionals maintain a high level of self-efficacy and feel confident in their overall preparedness training as they respond to public health emergencies.Materials and MethodsThis study used assessment instruments derived from Albert Bandura’s concept of self-efficacy to analyze the occupational and general self-efficacy, and perceived preparedness levels of health services officers in the Commissioned Corps. 82 Commissioned Corps officers completed the assessment survey. To date, no study has examined the relationship between these constructs in this population.ResultsThere was a statistically significant relationship between feeling confident in one’s Commissioned Corps training and perceived preparedness (rs = 0.55, p < 0.001).ConclusionThis study reflects the training perceptions and self-beliefs of Commissioned Corps officers, fills an important gap in the empirical research in this population, and advances previous investigations, which suffered from an underrepresentation of female service members.
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Arasaradnam, Ramesh P., Steven Brown, Alastair Forbes, Mark R. Fox, Pali Hungin, Lawrence Kelman, Giles Major, et al. "Guidelines for the investigation of chronic diarrhoea in adults: British Society of Gastroenterology, 3rd edition." Gut 67, no. 8 (April 13, 2018): 1380–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315909.
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Chronic diarrhoea is a common problem, hence clear guidance on investigations is required. This is an updated guideline from 2003 for the investigations of chronic diarrhoea commissioned by the Clinical Services and Standards Committee of the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG). This document has undergone significant revision in content through input by 13 members of the Guideline Development Group (GDG) representing various institutions. The GRADE system was used to appraise the quality of evidence and grading of recommendations.
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Bannatyne, A. N., and J. Speir. "Milliscreening: A Pretreatment Option for Marine Disposal." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 11 (November 1, 1986): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0143.
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The Hutt Valley Drainage Board Milliscreen Treatment Plant, commissioned in July 1984, treats municipal waste using 0.5mm and 1.0mm wedgewire single pass rotary screens. The plant is designed to remove all gross solids not readily assimilated by the sea and is an alternative to primary treatment prior to discharge into coastal waters via a marine outfall. This paper describes the plant and background to the investigations, pilot plant studies, design, and operational data available to date. Milliscreening as a pretreatment option for marine disposal is also discussed.
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D'Urso, I., M. Ombrelli, P. Telaroli, W. Calesso, C. Badin, M. Senigaglia, C. Urrutia, and L. Sterponi. "A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO THE COASTAL PROTECTION OF TWO ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN LYBIA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W5 (April 9, 2015): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w5-109-2015.
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The present study is part of the preliminary investigation to design a coastal protection for the archaeological sites of Sabratha and Leptis Magna and the hydraulic re-arrangement of the final stretch of the Wadi Lebda which runs across the archaeological area of Leptis Magna. This study is a part of the project "Safeguarding the Sabratha and Leptis Magna archaeological sites. Preventing flooding of Leptis Magna from the Wadi Lebda", started in 2009 and commissioned by MARCO POLO STORICA LTD – Scotland. The planning of interventions has required an accurate morphological reconstruction of the interested areas. In this regard, given the wide investigation area, the aerial and land survey operations logistic difficulties and tight timeframe, the use of multi-beam technology and satellite images was particularly useful. <br><br> The Digital Terrain Model has been coupled with detailed bathymetric surveys of the coastal area, undertaken mostly by multi-beam techniques, and by investigations of the ground characteristics, which were integrated in the information system prepared as design support.
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Gundelach, Volker. "GPR Measurements for Spatial Investigations at the Asse Salt Structure." Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 23, no. 4 (December 2018): 397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/jeeg23.4.397.
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The potash mine in the Asse salt structure, now used as repository for nuclear waste, is in some parts going to be refilled for mechanical stability reasons. As a part of that work, old blind shafts were prepared and offer the option for ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements on vertical profiles in the mine. Horizontal profiles can be carried out in accessible drifts at the margin of the mine. The salt structure has mainly been explored from the surface by seismic measurements and boreholes. Due to the accuracy of these investigations and the openings and drifts inside the mine, the geological composition of the salt structure is known. East of the mine, the geological model is based on little information. Therefore, boreholes were drilled in that region and direction sensitive borehole tools provide additional structural knowledge. Vertical, horizontal and radial profiles in the mine have allowed imaging the complex geological structural information by mapping distance and direction of reflecting objects. With these results, a three dimensional geological model of the salt structures can now be optimized. This project is conceived and controlled by the operator of the mine the German Federal company BGE (Bundesgesellschaft für Endlagerung). BGR is commissioned amongst others for GPR measurements.
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Scott-Moncrieff, Lucy, and Ed Marsden. "‘Publicity v Privacy: finding the balance’ When and how to publish reports of mental health homicide independent investigations." International Journal of Mental Health and Capacity Law, no. 19 (September 8, 2014): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijmhcl.v0i19.249.
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<p>In 1994 the Department of Health published its guidance on the discharge of mentally disordered people and their continuing care in the community (HSG (94) 27) which established, for the first time, that when a mental health service user kills someone <em>“it will always be necessary to hold an Inquiry which is independent of the providers involved”</em>. The independent investigation (as these inquiries are now called) would take place after the completion of any legal proceedings and its purpose was stated to be: <em>“To learn lessons for the future”</em>. The independent investigation would be commissioned by the responsible strategic health authority, which would also decide on whether to publish it and, if so, in what form.</p>
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Dombrovskis, Aivis. "RESEARCH INTO PERSONAL VALUES IN TERMS OF QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DOCUMENTS." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 7 (May 21, 2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2019vol7.3899.
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This research has emerged from a real-life situation where there was a need to find out for what are the life values and which values are followed by a participant.The study was commissioned in connection with legal proceedings. In this research there is only one participant. The purpose of the study is to explore the categories of personal values and the inherent characteristics of the person revealed in the documents submitted to the study. The study was conducted using a qualitative data-processing method: contentanalysis.The documents analysed in this study consist of three sets of data: telephone text messages, letters and notes and conclusions of psychological studies. A total of eight letters and notes on ten pages have been analysed four hundred and forty-two telephone text messages have been analysed and six psychological investigations conclusions have been analysed on fifteen pages. The conclusions of the psychological investigations where that they were also used as instruments for confirmation of external credibility. The study resulted in individual-specific value categories and external validation of the research has been confirmed.
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Gruening, H., H. Hoppe, S. Messmann, and A. Giga. "Cost effectiveness of centralised and decentralised storm water treatment." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 11 (June 1, 2011): 2598–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.163.
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As part of a research & development project commissioned by the Land of North Rhine-Westphalia's Ministry for the Environment and Nature Conservation, Agriculture and Consumer Protection (MUNLV) an examination is being carried out of the general possibilities for centralised and decentralised treatment storm water runoff to be discharged into (canalised) receiving waters and the costs ensuing from this. The examination of the different options is being carried out under real conditions, with the Briller Creek (Wuppertal/Germany) and Müggen Creek (Remscheid/Germany) catchment areas being used as models. The range of investigations deals with a comparison between ‘decentralised, semicentralised, centralised’ storm water treatment, centralised storm water treatment involving a separate sewer and parameter-specific pollution based storm water runoff control. In the framework of the research project each of the variants is to be elaborated and the costs are to be calculated so as to permit a comparison between the different system designs. In particular, the investigations are to take into account the actual requirements to be met by storm water drainage systems involving separate sewage systems.
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Mey, Sebstian, and Ralf Gebel. "A Novel RF E × B Spin Manipulator at COSY." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 40 (January 2016): 1660094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194516600946.
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The Jülich Electric Dipole Moment Investigations (JEDI) Collaboration is developing tools for the measurement of permanent Electric Dipole Moments (EDMs) of charged, light hadrons in storage rings. While the Standard Model prediction for the EDM gives unobservably small magnitudes, a non-vanishing EDM from [Formula: see text] violating sources beyond the standard model can lead to a tiny build-up of vertical polarization in a beforehand horizontally polarized beam. This requires a spin tune modulation by an RF dipole without any excitation of coherent beam oscillations. In the course of 2014, a prototype RF [Formula: see text] dipole has been successfully commissioned and tested. We verified that the device can be used to continuously flip the vertical polarization of a 970[Formula: see text]MeV/c deuteron beam without exciting any coherent beam oscillations.
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ANDONIAN, G., M. DUNNING, E. HEMSING, J. B. ROSENZWEIG, A. COOK, A. MUROKH, S. REICHE, et al. "OBSERVATION OF COHERENT EDGE RADIATION EMITTED BY A 100 FEMTOSECOND COMPRESSED ELECTRON BEAM." International Journal of Modern Physics A 22, no. 23 (September 20, 2007): 4101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x07037676.
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A chicane compressor developed by UCLA for the production of ultra-short, 60 MeV electron beams at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Accelerator Test Facility has been commissioned, and initial beam physics experiments have been performed. These measurements have established the compression of electron beams to the 100 femtosecond (1 kA peak current) regime, via coherent transition radiation (CTR) based measurements. Investigations of coherent edge radiation (CER) include signatures that differentiate it from coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR), such as polarization and far-field angular distribution. Additionally, the radiation wavelength spectrum is determined from autocorrelation measurements. Radiation properties are compared to detailed start-to-end simulations derived from PARMELA and QUINDI (a Lienard-Wiechert code developed at UCLA). Plans for future experiments which further explore the observed wavelength spectra are presented.
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Yin, Zhong, Hans-Bernhard Peters, Ulrich Hahn, Josef Gonschior, Daniel Mierwaldt, Ivan Rajkovic, Jens Viefhaus, Christian Jooss, and Simone Techert. "An endstation for resonant inelastic X-ray scattering studies of solid and liquid samples." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577516016611.
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A novel experimental setup is presented for resonant inelastic X-ray scattering investigations of solid and liquid samples in the soft X-ray region for studying the complex electronic configuration of (bio)chemical systems. The uniqueness of the apparatus is its high flexibility combined with optimal energy resolution and energy range ratio. The apparatus enables investigation of chemical analyses, which reflects the chemical imprints. The endstation is composed of a main sample chamber, a sample holder for either solid or liquid jet delivery system, and a soft X-ray grating spectrometer for 210–1250 eV with a resolving power of ∼1000. It combines for the first time liquid jet technology with a soft X-ray spectrometer based on the variable line spacing principle. This setup was commissioned at the soft X-ray beamline P04 at PETRA III of the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron in Hamburg which is currently the most brilliant storage-ring-based X-ray radiation source in the world. The first results of liquid and solid samples show that this setup allows the detection of photons across an energy range of ∼300 eV. This covers simultaneously the emission lines of life-important elements like carbon, nitrogen and oxygen in a shot-based procedure.
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Bison, Paolo, Alessandro Bortolin, Gianluca Cadelano, Giovanni Ferrarini, Fabio Peron, Piercarlo Romagnoni, and Antonio Stevan. "Indoor monitoring of Scrovegni Chapel Crypt." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 02075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911102075.
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The indoor microclimate of the Scrovegni Chapel in Padova (Italy) was analysed first in the ‘80s. The early study operates in the best way for what concerns the choice of measurement devices and their positioning. Starting from 1995 a Scientific-technical Board coordinates the various initiatives commissioned for the surveys of a conservation of the Scrovegni building structures and for the preservation of frescos. However only during the last ten years, the activities of the Board have been addressed also on the study of the hypogeal environments under the Chapel and in the external environment around it in order to prevent possible damage due to the presence of water which frequently submerges the floor and part of the vertical structures of the crypt (perimeter walls and brick partitions). The investigations have been therefore extended to the crypt. The present work reports the preliminary results of the cyclical survey campaign launched last year and still ongoing: passive thermographic techniques (non-invasive and non-destructive) have been used for the identification and the investigation of the relationship between the boundary seasonal thermohygrometric conditions and the rainfall variations and other exogenous phenomena related to the complex water system of the area on which the Scrovegni Chapel stands.
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Pandya, Buddhdev, and Parag Singhal. "Insights from the GMC’s ‘Fair to Refer’ Report." Timeless Mahatma 12, no. 1 (November 22, 2019): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.38192/12.1.14.
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The recent report commissioned by the GMC -‘Fair to Refer’ highlighted several issues. The report sighted inadequate induction and support from employers could be behind the high number of referrals of black, Asian and minority ethnic doctors to GMC investigations. ‘Fair to Refer’ hopes to stop doctors from getting caught up in unnecessary probes in the first place and focus on employers, rather than regulators or inspectors. While the report is generally welcomed by many organisations, one might think that this realisation is not new. The real problem may indeed be at a Board level where Non-executive members often fail to take their corporate responsibilities seriously and hold the executive to account. In the absence of an effective mechanism for meaningful engagement with clinicians and front-line professionals, the blame culture and the unsupportive mindset may remain unchanged.
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Runcan, Miruna. "Sociology and Theatre, A Too Short Beginning. Pavel Câmpeanu’s Studies." Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Sociologia 64, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 35–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/subbs-2019-0002.
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Abstract In Romania, sociological investigations on theatre are mere illusions that drift further and further away into the sky. In the last 30 years, a few theatres commissioned surveys to measure, as best as they could, the structure and the preferences of their own audience, over shorter (in the case of the 2003 first survey draft at Odeon Theatre, the research lasted no more than one weekend) or longer spans of time (in 2015, at Nottara Theatre, IMAS conducted a survey during a month; the survey applied at the Bucharest National Theatre in 2013 remained a legend, or a rumour rather, as the management treated it with mysterious silence). This paper tries to follow the intentions and the destiny of the researches and surveys dedicated to the theatre sociology by Pavel Câmpeanu and his small team between 1968-1974.
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Wheelahan, Bernard. "ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION USING THE TRIPOD METHOD." APPEA Journal 34, no. 1 (1994): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj93014.
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Accidents provide important learning points to prevent future mishaps. In its approach to accident prevention one technique that Shell uses is the Tripod accident analysis tree.In the past there has been a tendency in all organisations to blame accidents on the people who suffer them and to see unsafe acts as arising from the stupidity, carelessness or recklessness of particular individuals. Accident investigations frequently cite 'human error' as the cause and many people still see such errors as the beginning and end of the accident sequence. The three more tangible components of such accident investigations are unsafe acts, failures of defences and the accidents themselves. Such unsafe acts or 'active failures' are often seen as the most important part of the accident story. In reality the story has its beginnings much earlier in areas such as Design, Procedures, Training or Maintenance Management, areas known as 'latent failures',To better understand the underlying causes of accidents, in 1988 Shell commissioned a behavioural research program called Tripod. Tripod does not address unsafe acts and hazards directly, but places them in context in a model of an accident which seeks to define the underlying organisational factors that provoke unsafe acts, and that allow errors to turn into accidents. The research has established that latent failures may be categorised into a small number of disruptive processes. These latent failures are incorporated into an accident diagram in the form of a 'tree', and improve our understanding of the causes of accidents, and direct our recommendations for improvement into areas that are likely to be the most effective.
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Bates, Crispin N. "Regional Dependence and Rural Development in Central India: The Pivotal Role of Migrant Labour." Modern Asian Studies 19, no. 3 (July 1985): 573–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00007733.
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The problem of regional underdevelopment, particularly in tribal India, has long been recognized and more than one political party has campaigned on this issue. The Indian constitution and state and central government development plans have included special clauses aimed at assisting those groups, the tribals or adivasis, who are most affected by the problem. Reports have been commissioned and investigations conducted, but rarely have these ended in constructive or relevant action. The work of anthropologists over a number of generations since the 1920s has perhaps done most to tell us of the real depth of the problem as it has affected central India. Foremost amongst them was W. V. Grigson, the aboriginal tribes enquiry officer of the government of the Central Provinces and Berar, whose 1944 report stands as the most comprehensive study available of the condition of the tribal peoples of this region at the end of the colonial period.
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Chambers, Lori, and Nadia Verrelli. "A Missed Opportunity: The Public Investigation into the Conduct of the RCMP in Matters Involving Nicole (Ryan) Doucet." Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit et Société 32, no. 01 (April 2017): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cls.2017.2.
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Abstract On July 13, 2013, the Commission for Public Complaints released the Report Following a Public Interest Investigation into the Conduct of RCMP Members in Nova Scotia in Respect to Matters Involving Nicole (Ryan) Doucet. After interviewing all parties involved and reviewing 25 incidences involving Ms. Doucet and Mr. Ryan, the Acting Commissioner, Ian McPhail, concluded the RCMP’s policy regarding violence in relationships “was followed at all times.” According to The Report, the RCMP did not fail to protect Ms. Doucet. These conclusions, however, seem to be at odds with the evidence presented in The Report. After discussing coercive control and reviewing R. v. Ryan, the paper analyses the Commission’s findings to argue that the evidence presented to the Commission clearly illustrates that police ignored Ms. Doucet’s repeated pleas for help. The Commissioner missed a real opportunity to review current RCMP policies on domestic violence to bring them in line with current and on-going research on coercive control.
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Church, Jim. "In Larger Freedom: Access to Information and International Government Organization Archives." DttP: Documents to the People 47, no. 4 (December 6, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/dttp.v47i4.7211.
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In April 2019 at the International Studies Association (ISA) annual conference, I participated in a panel about International Organization Archives and the UN Depository system. There we learned of a report by the Joint Inspection Unit (JIU) of the United Nations titled “Strengthening Policy Research Uptake in the Context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.” The report notes that “the research value and visibility of United Nations digital outputs, which are currently residing, unconnected, on numerous United Nations websites and in a plethora of diverse, online databases” presents challenges to researchers. They also recommend that “a principle of open access should operate by default for research products and data published or commissioned by the United Nations. This includes publications, authorship and co-authorship in open access journals or collections.” Per their mission statement, the JIU is the “only independent external oversight body of the United Nations system mandated to conduct evaluations, inspections and investigations system-wide.”
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Lubell, Michael S. "Studies of the single and double photoionization of two-electron systems at the Advanced Light Source." Canadian Journal of Physics 74, no. 11-12 (November 1, 1996): 713–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p96-103.
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The Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory is a "third generation" synchrotron radiation machine that incorporates wigglers and undulators to enhance the spectral brightness of the emitted radiation. Commissioned in October 1993, its performance to date has been nothing short of spectacular. Its demonstrated characteristics make it an ideal tool for carrying out high resolution measurements of photoionization studies of two-electron atomic and ionic systems. ALS Beamline 9.0.1, a facility dedicated to the study of photoprocesses in atoms, molecules, and ions, utilizes an undulator with an 8 cm period and a monochromator with spherical gratings to produce light at energies between 20 and 300 eV. At a photon energy of, 50 eV, the beamline is designed to deliver about 1.5 × 1013 photons/s into a spot measuring approximately 50 × 800 μm with a resolving power of 10 000. Measurements of low-lying autoionizing resonances in He, carried out shortly after the ALS was commissioned, provided the first confirmation of the essential beamline characteristics. The 1.0 meV line width, more recently observed for the 2p3d double-excitation state of He at 64.12 eV, demonstrates that the actual resolving power of the beamline far exceeds the design value. The properties of the ALS, combined with improvements in the reliability and operating characteristics of ion sources, make it possible to extend high-resolution synchrotron experiments beyond the study of neutral systems. Investigations of low-Z ions are important, because they provide an easy way to vary the relative contribution of the electron–electron interaction. An international collaboration has recently been formed to perform such studies. Its list of priorities includes the doubly excited spectra and the threshold region for two-electron photoionization in Li+ and H−. Metastable He*, formed by resonant charge transfer from He+, will provide access totriplet states.
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Schneider, Bruno, Christian Schürch, Konstantinos Boulouchos, Stefan Herzig, Marc Hangartner, David Humair, Silas Wüthrich, Christoph Gossweiler, and Kai Herrmann. "The Flex-OeCoS—a Novel Optically Accessible Test Rig for the Investigation of Advanced Combustion Processes under Engine-Like Conditions." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 8, 2020): 1794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071794.
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A new test rig has been designed, built and commissioned, and is now jointly pursued to facilitate experimental investigations into advanced combustion processes (i.e., dual fuel, multi-mode) under turbulent conditions at high, engine-like temperature and pressure levels. Based on a standard diesel engine block, it offers much improved optical access to the in-cylinder processes due to its separated and rotated arrangement of the compression volume and combustion chamber, respectively. A fully variable pneumatic valve train and the appropriate preconditioning of the intake air allows it to represent a wide range of engine-like in-cylinder conditions regarding pressures, temperatures and turbulence levels. The modular design of the test rig facilitates easy optimizations of the combustion chamber/cylinder head design regarding different experimental requirements. The name of the new test rig, Flex-OeCoS, denotes its Flexibility regarding Optical engine Combustion diagnostics and/or the development of corresponding Sensing devices and applications. Measurements regarding in-cylinder gas pressures, temperatures and the flow field under typical operating conditions are presented to complete the description and assessment of the new test rig.
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Woodward, Susan, and Clare Devaney. "The Liverpool City-region Health is Wealth Commission." European Review 18, no. 1 (February 2010): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798709990111.
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The Liverpool City-region Health is Wealth Commission was established to examine the growing divergence between the City-region’s public health status and its marked economic growth, specifically looking at links between health and productivity, identifying knowledge-gaps, and encouraging a more focused and collaborative alignment between the business, research and public health agendas. Over 18 months of investigation, Commissioners considered a wide range of research-based and plenary evidence from a number of key witnesses. The Commission made 12 final recommendations within six core themes: Alcohol, Smoking & Obesity; Incapacity Benefit; Wellbeing at Work; Beyond the Built Environment; Procurement; and Knowledge Capital. The Commission’s findings were published in September 2008, as part of Liverpool’s European Capital of Culture programme.
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Weyand, M., M. Redeker, and E. A. Nusch. "Restoration of fish passage: development and results of a master plan established for the Ruhr river basin." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 9 (November 1, 2005): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0292.
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According to the central aim of the European Water Framework Directive, the protection and sustained management of the aquatic ecological system, the ecological condition of a specific type of water, will be the primary parameter in future. Aiming at good ecological status in surface water bodies, population diversity and abundance of fish and macroinvertebrates is decisive. Free passage in river systems, to allow the natural migration of fish and all other aquatic organisms, is a prerequisite. To achieve this for the Ruhr River Basin a study has been commissioned in order to develop a master plan for river continuum restoration. Sustainable development aimed at promoting biodiversity in the surface water body system is a key objective. This project is complemented by investigations of the sediment – which is the nursery of the fish – in the rivers to identify river sections or tributaries which obviously provide a suitable habitat for the successful reproduction of big Salmonidae. The master plan illustrates the inherent problems of projects aimed at the restoration of fish passage in water bodies which are strongly affected by anthropogenic modifications. The results obtained may as well be transferred to other catchments with similar use patterns.
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Varela-Lema, Leonor, Alberto Ruano-Ravina, Teresa Cerdá Mota, Nora Ibargoyen-Roteta, Inaki Imaz, Inaki Gutiérrez-Ibarluzea, Juan Antonio Blasco-Amaro, Enrique Soto-Pedre, and Laura Sampietro-Colom. "POST-INTRODUCTION OBSERVATION OF HEALTHCARE TECHNOLOGIES AFTER COVERAGE: THE SPANISH PROPOSAL." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 28, no. 3 (July 2012): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462312000232.
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Objectives: When a new health technology has been approved by a health system, it is difficult to guarantee that it is going to be efficiently adopted, adequately used, and that effectiveness, safety, and consumption of resources and costs are in line with what was expected in preliminary investigations. Many governmental institutions promote the idea that efficient mechanisms should be established aimed at developing and incorporating continuous evidence into health technologies management. The purpose of this article is to stimulate the discussion on systematic post-introduction observation of health technologies.Methods: Literature review and input of HTA experts.Results: The study addresses the key issues related to post-introduction observation and presents a summary of the guide commissioned by the Spanish Ministry of Health, Social Policy and Equality to the Galician HTA agency for the prioritization and implementation of systematic post-introduction observation in Spain. The manuscript describes the prioritization tool developed as part of this project and discusses the main aspects of protocol development, observation implementation, and assessment of results.Conclusions: The observation of prioritized health technologies after they are introduced in standard clinical practice can provide useful information for health organizations. However, implementing the observation of health technologies can require specific policy frameworks, commitment from different stakeholders, and dedicated funding.
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Guimarães, Marco Aurelio, Raffaela Arrabaça Francisco, Sergio Britto Garcia, Martin Evison, Maria Eliana Castro Pinheiro, Iara Xavier Pereira, Diva Santana, and Julie Alvina Guss Patrício. "Forensic investigation, truth and trust in the context of transitional justice in Brazil." Human Remains and Violence: An Interdisciplinary Journal 3, no. 2 (2017): 74–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/hrv.3.2.6.
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Truth commissions are widely recognised tools used in negotiation following political repression. Their work may be underpinned by formal scientific investigation of human remains. This paper presents an analysis of the role of forensic investigations in the transition to democracy following the Brazilian military governments of 1964–85. It considers practices during the dictatorship and in the period following, making reference to analyses of truth commission work in jurisdictions other than Brazil, including those in which the investigation of clandestine burials has taken place. Attempts to conceal the fate of victims during the dictatorship, and the attempts of democratic governments to investigate them are described. Despite various initiatives since the end of the military government, many victims remain unidentified. In Brazil, as elsewhere, forensic investigations are susceptible to political and social influences, leading to a situation in which relatives struggle to obtain meaningful restitution and have little trust in the transitional justice process.
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Chan, Paula. "Red Stars and Yellow Stars: The Soviet Investigation of Klooga Concentration Camp." Holocaust and Genocide Studies 33, no. 2 (2019): 197–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcz022.
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Abstract This study considers the extent to which Stalinist political goals influenced the Soviet Extraordinary State Commission’s information gathering about Nazi crimes on the local level. Examining the investigation of Klooga concentration camp in Estonia, the author compares the statements that Jewish survivors gave to commission investigators with these same survivors’ testimony preserved in other Soviet and non-Soviet sources. She argues that investigations took fundamentally different courses in different places due to local agendas and conditions. In cases such as Klooga, Jewish survivors and Soviet investigators worked together to document Nazi atrocities, creating the accurate record that Stalin’s government required to pursue its political objectives.
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Martin, David, David Engvall, Kerry Burke, Gerald Hodgkins, Matthew Franker, and Reid Hooper. "US SEC report calls for better internal accounting controls for cyber-related threats." Journal of Investment Compliance 20, no. 1 (May 7, 2019): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-12-2018-0055.
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Purpose To summarize and explain the US Securities and Exchange Commission’s (Commission) recent report of investigation cautioning public companies to consider cyber-related threats when designing and implementing internal accounting controls. Design/methodology/approach Explains that the Commission’s report arose out of a Commission enforcement investigation into the internal accounting controls of nine unidentified public companies that were victims of email scams, explains that the Commission issued the report to emphasize that cybersecurity remains a high priority for the Commission and the report should serve as a reminder that all public companies need to consider cyber-related threats when devising and maintaining internal accounting controls and provides practical considerations for public companies to consider in light of the Commission’s report. Findings Public companies should assume that the Commission is actively monitoring all areas related to cybersecurity, including corporate disclosures of cyber-related incidents and also whether companies have established policies, procedures, and internal controls in place to ensure cyber-related incidents are prevented. Given that assumption, public companies should take prompt steps to assess and, if appropriate, improve internal accounting controls, disclosure controls, and cyber-related policies and procedures to address the risk of cyber-related incidents. Originality/value Practical guidance from experienced securities lawyers.
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Braye, Suzy, David Orr, and Michael Preston-Shoot. "Learning lessons about self-neglect? An analysis of serious case reviews." Journal of Adult Protection 17, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jap-05-2014-0014.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report the findings from research into 40 serious case reviews (SCRs) involving adults who self-neglect. Design/methodology/approach – The study comprised analysis of 40 SCRs where self-neglect featured. The reviews were found through detailed searching of Local Safeguarding Adult Board (LSAB) web sites and through contacts with Board managers and independent chairs. A four layer analysis is presented of the characteristics of each case and SCR, of the recommendations and of the emerging themes. Learning for service improvement is presented thematically, focusing on the adult and their immediate context, the team around the adult, the organisations around the team and the Local Safeguarding Board around the organisations. Findings – There is no one typical presentation of self-neglect; cases vary in terms of age, household composition, lack of self-care, lack of care of one's environment and/or refusal to engage. Recommendations foreground LSABs, adult social care and unspecified agencies, and focus on staff support, procedures and the components of best practice and effective SCRs. Reports emphasise the importance of a person-centred approach, within the context of ongoing assessment of mental capacity and risk, with agencies sharing information and working closely together, supported by management and supervision, and practising within detailed procedural guidance. Research limitations/implications – There is no national database of SCRs commissioned by LSABs and currently there is no requirement to publish the outcomes of such inquiries. It may be that there are further SCRs, or other forms of inquiry, that have been commissioned by Boards but not publicised. This limits the learning that has been available for service improvement. Practical implications – The paper identifies practice, management and organisational issues that should be considered when working with adults who self-neglect. These cases are often complex and stressful for those involved. The thematic analysis adds to the evidence-base of how best to approach engagement with adults who self-neglect and to engage the multi-agency network in assessing and managing risk and mental capacity. Originality/value – The paper offers the first formal evaluation of SCRs that focus on adults who self-neglect. The analysis of the findings and the recommendations from the investigations into the 40 cases adds to the evidence-base for effective practice with adults who self-neglect.
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Androff, David. "A case study of a grassroots truth and reconciliation commission from a community practice perspective." Journal of Social Work 18, no. 3 (June 24, 2016): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017316654361.
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Summary Truth and Reconciliation Commissions represent an innovative model for social work practice. The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission was a community-based intervention that sought to address lingering social trauma and tension from a 1979 incident of racial violence in North Carolina. This case study analyzes the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission from a community practice perspective by highlighting relevant aspects of the intervention for social work practice. The intervention is examined along the community practice dimensions of context, theoretical basis, practice model, framing, strategy, and tactics. Each dimension is presented and related to a specific aspect of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission case. Findings The historical context of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission includes legacies racism, labor exploitation, and violence that was pervasive in the U.S. south, as well as traditions of resistance to oppression. The theoretical underpinnings of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission include social constructionism and restorative justice. The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission falls within the community practice models of neighborhood and community organizing and community capacity development. The intervention was framed as a Truth and Reconciliation Commission and incorporated a strategy of inclusiveness. The community practice tactics of fundraising, outreach and recruitment, research and investigation, and public hearings were employed. Applications This article concludes with assessments of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s impact and implications for community practice, including current applications of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission model in the U.S. Social workers working in communities can apply the Truth and Reconciliation Commission model and the specific community practice dimensions identified in the case study to empower communities and work to overcome legacies of social injustice, violence, and oppression.
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Chapman, Brendan, David Keatley, Giles Oatley, John Coumbaros, and Garth Maker. "A review and recommendations for the integration of forensic expertise within police cold case reviews." Journal of Criminal Psychology 10, no. 2 (December 24, 2019): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcp-09-2019-0038.
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Purpose Cold case review teams and the processes that they adopt in their endeavour to solve historic crimes are varied and largely underreported. Of the limited literature surrounding the topic of cold case reviews, the focus is on clearance rates and the selection of cases for review. While multiple reports and reviews have been undertaken and recommend that the interface between investigators and forensic scientists be improved, there is little evidence of cold case teams comprised of a mixture of investigators and scientists or experts. With the growing reliance on forensic science as an aide to solvability, the authors propose that the inclusion of forensic scientists to the central cold case investigation may be a critical factor in future success. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach To support the proposed approach, the authors conducted a review of the current literature seeking insight into the reported make-up of cold case teams. In conjunction with this, the authors reviewed a number of commissioned reports intended to improve cold case reviews and forensic services. Findings While many of the reviewed reports and recommendations suggested better integration with scientists and external expertise, little evidence of this in practice was reported within published literature. Open dialogue and cross pollination between police investigators and forensic scientists are likely to mitigate biases, inform case file triage and better equip investigations with contemporary and cutting-edge scientific solutions to the evidence analysis for cold cases. Furthermore, with respect to scientists within academia, large pools of resources by way of student interns or researchers may be available to assist resource-sparse policing jurisdictions. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first peer-reviewed recommendation for the consideration of integrated forensic scientists within a cold case review team. Multiple reports suggest the need for closer ties, but it is the anecdotal experience of the authors that the benefits of a blended task force approach may yield greater success.
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Entwistle, K. W., L. J. Cummins, M. A. Hillard, J. E. Kinder, T. O'Shea, L. R. Piper, J. Thimonier, and J. F. Wilkins. "Bernard Michael Bindon — reproductive physiologist, animal scientist, research leader." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 2 (2006): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05222.
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This paper is a foreword to a series of papers commissioned on ‘the impact of science on the beef industry’, where the Beef CRC-related collaborative scientific work of Professor Bernard Michael Bindon will be reviewed. These papers will be presented in March 2006, as part of a ‘festschrift’ to recognise his wider contributions to the Australian livestock industries for over 40 years. Bindon’s career involved basic and applied research in many areas of reproductive physiology, genetics, immunology, nutrition, meat science and more recently genomics, in both sheep and cattle. Together with his collaborators, he made large contributions to animal science by improving the knowledge of mechanisms regulating reproductive functions and in elucidating the physiology and genetics of high fecundity livestock. His collaborative studies with many colleagues of the reproductive biology and genetics of the Booroola Merino were amongst the most extensive ever conducted on domestic livestock. He was instrumental in the development of immunological techniques to control ovulation rate and in examining the application of these and other techniques to increase beef cattle reproductive output. This paper tracks his investigations and achievements both within Australia and internationally. In the later stages of his career he was the major influence in attracting a large investment in Cooperative Research Centres for the Australian cattle industry, in which he directed a multi-disciplinary approach to investigate, develop and disseminate science and technology to improve commercial cattle productivity.
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Burgess, Clive. "‘An Afterlife in Memory’: Commemoration and its Effects in a Late Medieval Parish." Studies in Church History 45 (2009): 196–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400002515.
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Investigations of the more routine expressions of pre-Reformation spirituality inevitably tend to dwell on the conventions employed by individuals to ease the progress of the soul. The pious attestations and exhortations that some men and women recorded may merit the closest attention for the insight they afford into beliefs and aspiration; but hardly less instructive, and much more common, are the services and good works that individuals commissioned both to express repentance and expedite deliverance. Focusing in this way on individuals poses problems, however. While a few had the means to establish a ‘freestanding’ institution – such as an almshouse the great majority channeled penitential activity into the arena, and to the benefit, of their parish. Individuals ordinarily acted as parishioners, contributing towards and depending upon the services of a well-defined, broader community, within which they did their best to enhance collective memory and experience to their own advantage by securing the benefit of others. If anything, ensuring the benefit of others was reckoned the essential, practical prerequisite for personal advantage. As a result, if we accept that the desire to be saved – and as expeditiously as possible – spurred on most contemporary Christians, the doctrinal emphases in the centuries before the Reformation predicated a series of distinctive consequences, two of which are of particular significance here. First, many parishioners assured themselves of long remembrance, amounting to an afterlife in the world and in the consciousness of those that came after.
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Lown, Mark, Christopher R. Wilcox, Stephanie Hughes, Miriam Santer, George Lewith, Michael Moore, and Paul Little. "Patients’ views about screening for atrial fibrillation (AF): a qualitative study in primary care." BMJ Open 10, no. 3 (March 2020): e033061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033061.
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ObjectivesThere has been increased interest in screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) with commissioned pilot schemes, ongoing large clinical trials and the emergence of inexpensive consumer single-lead ECG devices that can be used to detect AF. This qualitative study aimed to explore patients’ views and understanding of AF and AF screening to determine acceptability and inform future recommendations.SettingA single primary care practice in Hampshire, UK.Participants15 participants (11 female) were interviewed from primary care who had taken part in an AF screening trial. A semistructured interview guide was used flexibly to enable the interviewer to explore any relevant topics raised by the participants. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsParticipants generally had an incomplete understanding of AF and conflated it with other heart problems or with raised blood pressure. With regards to potential drawbacks from screening, some participants considered anxiety and the cost of implementation, but none acknowledged potential harms associated with screening such as side effects of anticoagulation treatment or the risk of further investigations. The screening was generally well accepted, and participants were generally in favour of engaging with prolonged screening.ConclusionsOur study highlights that there may be poor understanding (of both the nature of AF and potential negatives of screening) among patients who have been screened for AF. Further work is required to determine if resources including decision aids can address this important knowledge gap and improve clinical informed consent for AF screening.Trial registration numberISRCTN 17495003.
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Tregenna, Fiona, and Marko Kwaramba. "An institutional analysis of the International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 7, no. 4 (September 30, 2014): 641–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v7i4.389.
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This article analyses the role and capacity of the International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa (ITAC), focusing on ITAC’s tariff investigation function. ITAC’s institutional setting is compared to that in other developing countries. An assessment of legal challenges to ITAC decisions shows that the proportion of ITAC’s decisions overturned by the courts has declined over time, suggesting increased robustness of these decisions. ITAC’s current human resources and capacity-building are reviewed. Key institutional issues are discussed and policy recommendations put forward concerning: the appropriate institutional location for tariff-investigations; the current positioning of ITAC under two departments; co-operation between ITAC and other institutions; the strengthening of reciprocity commitments; the role and capacity of part-time Commissioners; the duration of tariff investigations; joint capacity-building among the economic regulators; the extent to which research at ITAC should be undertaken in-house; economics and inspections capacity at ITAC; and the grading of positions at ITAC.
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Truesdale, T. J., B. Hierlihy, and P. Jouan. "A CASE STUDY IN DOCUMENTATION PRODUCTION AS LEARNING TOOLS BENEFITTING MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDERS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W2 (August 17, 2017): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w2-279-2017.
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The Fondation Strutt Foundation has taken on the conservation planning of the Strutt House as part of a P3 collaborative effort with the National Capital Commission (NCC). This paper will address three of the primary documents/data sets (documentary methodologies) being used on/for the Strutt House project. The Strutt House is a Recognized Federal Heritage Building and a significant example of Canadian modernist architecture. Stakeholder is a term often used in Architectural Projects reflecting an economic interest in success of the project. In conservation projects the stakeholder generally reflects social, cultural and/or economic interests in a given project. The Strutt House project has benefitted from stakeholders that have all been interested in the above, as well as the education of our future conservationists. The Strutt house was purchased from the architect’s daughter in 2010, and as part of the acquisition, a <i>Heritage Structure Report</i> was commissioned and produced by PTAH Consultants Inc., Architects. The report forms the first of the primary referenced documents of this paper, including: a comprehensive photographic record of existing conditions; and, a <i>building simulation model</i> of the house ‘as designed/built’. This HSR and the accompanying data/documents have been adopted as the basis of an evolving document in the development of the <i>Conservation Plan</i> including: additional heritage surveys and technologies; traditional drawings, photographic and video records; and, a series of workshops on the structural stabilization efforts, thermography scans, and smoke/blow-door (air pressure) testing. In 2016, Pierre Jouan, a Master’s thesis student from KU Leuvan, working with the Carleton University CIMS lab under the direction of Professor Mario Santana, and the FSF completed a <i>3-D scanning and photogrammetry</i> workshop on the Strutt House and created a building information model (BIM model) from the collected data. The three primary documentation processes being addressed in this paper are really a series of directed research or focussed investigations resulting in a collection of data sets resolved -or combined- into a document. They will assist in the development of the long-term Programming and Conservation Management Plan of the Strutt House.
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Ebersole, Bruce A., Donald T. Resio, and Joannes J. Westerink. "A Community Approach to Improved Prediction and Characterization of Coastal Storm Hazards." Marine Technology Society Journal 40, no. 4 (December 1, 2006): 56–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533206787353114.
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This paper discusses the value of a community approach to characterizing the coastal storm hazard, e.g., hurricane water levels and wave conditions, through field measurements, data analysis, and modeling. Value is illustrated using experiences and results from recent and ongoing projects. One example is recently completed work by the Interagency Performance Evaluation Task Force (IPET), which was commissioned by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The IPET was charged with gathering the facts regarding performance of the hurricane protection system in Southeast Louisiana in response to Hurricane Katrina. A second example is ongoing work being lead by the Corps to design projects that can greatly reduce the likelihood and consequences of flooding for coastal Louisiana and Mississippi. These investigations are being closely coordinated with work of the Federal Emergency Management Agency to update flood insurance rate maps for the region. Findings and lessons learned are discussed, and challenges in making accurate surge and wave predictions are identified, including: 1) inaccuracy in coastal and estuarine wind fields, 2) specification of a wind drag law in shallow coastal areas, and 3) problems in treating nearshore wave set-up and coupling into surge models. A new Corps research program that is addressing many of these issues, also a community effort, is described as are results from early progress in selected problem areas. The paper presents advantages to developing open-source, community-based computer software for coastal storm wave and surge predictions, and some problems with today's over-reliance on proprietary software.
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Rozelot, J. P. "Ground Based and Space Future Prospects in Solar Interferometry Applied to the Photosphere." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 138 (1990): 463–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900044478.
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This paper sets about a brief review of the current knowledge of ground based interferometry, and then, using the relevant information from this up-to-date technique, its tentative application to the study of solar granular structures. As a matter of fact, most of the fundamental processes in the photosphere take place on very small spatial scales and understanding the formation of the solar granulation, pores as well as tiny photospheric faculae, requires insight into the magnetic network where the thermal instabilities are initiated. The study of fine scale structures, typically of about 15 milliarcsec (11 km) by interferometry, i.e. to a resolution not accessible through classical optical telescopes, is certainly the key to open the door to new scenarios in solar physics. By the way, similar phenomena are likely to be accountered in other type of stars. Particular attention is paid to the role of imaging reconstruction at very high angular resolution. Some of the thus achievable solar programmes are listed, mainly with solar granulation. The new type of instrumentation involved should be in the 90's commissioned. At last, it is pointed out that solar interferometry could be also performed in space, as earlier suggested by J.L. DAME and C. AIME to ESA, for the study of flares, prominences or coronal loops, which are closely linked to the photosphere, and for the 2000's horizon. Some problems inherent to this whole prospect (ground and space) are listed, and discussion is welcomed for determining adequate programmes, and also to highlight promising directions for future investigations.
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Croker, John, Matthew Kidd, Evie Nicola, and James Dean. "Resurrection at AGL Silver Springs and Wallumbilla: case study of bringing field and surface facilities back to life." APPEA Journal 57, no. 1 (2017): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16218.
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AGL acquired the Silver Springs reserves and operations from Mosaic Oil in 2010, including several depleted yet condensate-rich gas fields. Gas was sent from Silver Springs to the Wallumbilla LPG plant (acquired by AGL in 2011) to be refined into sales gas, LPG and condensate. AGL’s objective was to build a commercial underground gas storage facility by converting the Silver Springs gas field into an underground storage reservoir. The business intent was to run the reservoir in alternating injection and withdrawal mode to take advantage of supply and demand economics. Setting up for injection and withdrawal required the commissioning of 10 petroleum producing wells, bi-directional high-pressure flowlines and associated infrastructure. A high-pressure injection compressor was commissioned. Injection of dry sales gas into wells commenced in 2011. Withdrawal at a higher rate than original was facilitated by new separation and dehydration equipment. The Wallumbilla plant was refitted extensively, including flare and venting upgrades and recertification of the pipeline and every pressure vessel on-site. Withdrawal mode operations commenced in October 2015. The LPG plant operability was demonstrated; however, running at design rate was compromised by excessive chilling in the cryogenic section of the Wallumbilla plant, caused by lower than expected LPG quantities in the withdrawn gas. Process engineering work resulted in design of a regenerative heater to warm the sub-cooled gas. The presentation covers the extent of the improvement work and the process investigations, which have formed the basis to ensure future versatile operation.
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Fryer, Anthony A., and W. Stuart A. Smellie. "Managing demand for laboratory tests: a laboratory toolkit." Journal of Clinical Pathology 66, no. 1 (September 26, 2012): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2011-200524.
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Healthcare budgets worldwide are facing increasing pressure to reduce costs and improve efficiency, while maintaining quality. Laboratory testing has not escaped this pressure, particularly since pathology investigations cost the National Health Service £2.5 billion per year. Indeed, the Carter Review, a UK Department of Health-commissioned review of pathology services in England, estimated that 20% of this could be saved by improving pathology services, despite an average annual increase of 8%–10% in workload. One area of increasing importance is managing the demands for pathology tests and reducing inappropriate requesting. The Carter Review estimated that 25% of pathology tests were unnecessary, representing a huge potential waste. Certainly, the large variability in levels of requesting between general practitioners suggests that inappropriate requesting is widespread. Unlocking the key to this variation and implementing measures to reduce inappropriate requesting would have major implications for patients and healthcare resources alike. This article reviews the approaches to demand management. Specifically, it aims to (a) define demand management and inappropriate requesting, (b) assess the drivers for demand management, (c) examine the various approaches used, illustrating the potential of electronic requesting and (d) provide a wider context. It will cover issues, such as educational approaches, information technology opportunities and challenges, vetting, duplicate request identification and management, the role of key performance indicators, profile composition and assessment of downstream impact of inappropriate requesting. Currently, many laboratories are exploring demand management using a plethora of disparate approaches. Hence, this review seeks to provide a ‘toolkit’ with the view to allowing laboratories to develop a standardised demand management strategy.
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Pathak, Professor Bishnu. "A Comparative Study of World’s Truth Commissions —From Madness to Hope." World Journal of Social Science Research 4, no. 3 (June 29, 2017): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjssr.v4n3p192.
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<em>The objective of this paper is to explore the initiatives and practices of different countries in truth seeking. Many countries during the post-conflict, colonial, slavery, anarchical and cultural genocide periods establish the Truth Commissions to respond to the past human wrongdoings: crimes and crimes against humanity. Enforced Disappearances (ED), killings, rapes and inhumane tortures are wrongdoings. Truth Commission applies the method of recovering silences from the victims for structured testimonies. The paper is prepared based on the victim-centric approach. The purpose reveals the piecemeal fact-findings to heal the past, reconcile the present and protect the future. The study covers more than 50 Commissions in a chronological order: beginning from Uganda in 1974 and concluding to Nepal in February 2015. Two Commissions in Uruguay were formed to find-out enforced disappearances. Colombian and Rwandan Commissions have established permanent bodies. The Liberian TRC threatened the government to submit its findings to the ICC if the government failed to establish an international tribunal. The Commissions of Bolivia, Ecuador, Haiti, former Yugoslavia and Zimbabwe were disbanded, and consequently, their reports could not be produced. No public hearings were conducted in Argentina and former Yugoslavia. It is noted that only 8 public hearings in Ghana, 8 national hearings in East-Timor and 15 in Brazil were conducted. Moroccan Commission held public hearings after signing the bond paper for not to disclose the names of the perpetrators whereas Guatemala did not include the perpetrators’ names in the report. The Shining Path’s activists are serving sentences based on civil-anti-terrorist court, but Alberto Fujimori is convicted for 25 years. Chadian Commission worked even against illicit narcotics trafficking. The UN established its Commissions in Sierra Leon, El Salvador and East-Timor, but failed to restore normalcy in Kosovo. Haiti prosecuted 50 perpetrators whereas Guatemala prosecuted its former military dictator. The Philippines’ Commission had limited investigation jurisdiction over army, but treated the insurgents differently. In El Salvador, the State security forces were responsible for 85 percent and the non-state actors for 15 percent similar to CIEDP, Nepal. The TRCs of Argentina, East-Timor, Guatemala, Morocco, Peru and South Africa partially succeeded. Large numbers of victims have failed to register the complaints fearing of possible actions. All perpetrators were controversially granted amnesty despite the TRC recommendation in South Africa. The victims and people still blamed Mandela that he sold out black people’s struggle. Ironically, the perpetrators have received justice, but the victims are further victimized. As perpetrator-centric Government prioritizes cronyism, most of the Commissioners defend their respective institution and individuals. Besides, perpetrators influence Governments on the formation of Truth Commission for ‘forgetting the victims to forgive the perpetrators’. A commission is a Court-liked judicial and non-judicial processes body, but without binding authority except Sierra Leone. Transitional Justice body exists with a five-pillar policy: truth, justice, healing, prosecution and reparation. It has a long neglected history owing to anarchical roles of the perpetrators and weak-poor nature of the victims. Almost all TRCs worked in low budget, lack of officials, inadequate laws and regulations, insufficient infrastructures and constraints of moral supports including Liberia, Paraguay, Philippines, South Africa, Uganda and Nepal. The perpetrators controlled Governments ordered to destroy documents, evidences and testimonies in their chain of command that could have proven guilty to them.</em>
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Prasedyomukti, Ahmad Firmanto, and Rakhmat Bowo Suharto. "The Role of Judicial Commission on Supervision of Judge�s Crime in Indonesia." Jurnal Daulat Hukum 1, no. 4 (December 10, 2018): 895. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v1i4.3931.
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This booklet is designed to examine the effectiveness of the Judicial Commission's role in the supervision of judge�s crime in Indonesia, as well as existence. Based on the discussion, we can conclude: 1) The role of the Judicial Commission in the framework of the supervision of judge�s crime has not been effective, due to the legal existence of the Judicial Commission recognized but on a practical level does not have the authority to impose administrative punishment on their own, the Judicial Commission had no authority investigations against the judge found to have violated the rules of the criminal. 2) Need for reconstruction of the existence of the Judicial Commission under the supervision of �judge�s crime offense, so there is a balance between the authority of the Judicial Commission and the follow-up comprehensively.Keywords: Judicial Commission; Supervision; Judge.
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Wilson, Thomas. "Document requests in complex EU merger cases." Zeitschrift für Wettbewerbsrecht 15, no. 2 (May 31, 2017): 146–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15375/zwer-2017-0205.
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AbstractThe European Commission increasingly requests large document volumes in complex merger control cases. At the same time, the practice of the Commission in relation to such document requests can vary and appears to still be evolving. This article analyses more closely the Commission’s practice with regard to the scope and content of merger-related document requests as well as its approach to legal professional privilege and privilege logs. Where appropriate, comparisons are drawn with the US system, which is traditionally more “document-focused”, in particular in Second Request investigations.
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Kuster, Markus, Karim Ahmed, Kai-Erik Ballak, Cyril Danilevski, Marko Ekmedžić, Bruno Fernandes, Patrick Gessler, et al. "The 1-Megapixel pnCCD detector for the Small Quantum Systems Instrument at the European XFEL: system and operation aspects." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 28, no. 2 (January 28, 2021): 576–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577520015659.
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The X-ray free-electron lasers that became available during the last decade, like the European XFEL (EuXFEL), place high demands on their instrumentation. Especially at low photon energies below 1 keV, detectors with high sensitivity, and consequently low noise and high quantum efficiency, are required to enable facility users to fully exploit the scientific potential of the photon source. A 1-Megapixel pnCCD detector with a 1024 × 1024 pixel format has been installed and commissioned for imaging applications at the Nano-Sized Quantum System (NQS) station of the Small Quantum System (SQS) instrument at EuXFEL. The instrument is currently operating in the energy range between 0.5 and 3 keV and the NQS station is designed for investigations of the interaction of intense FEL pulses with clusters, nano-particles and small bio-molecules, by combining photo-ion and photo-electron spectroscopy with coherent diffraction imaging techniques. The core of the imaging detector is a pn-type charge coupled device (pnCCD) with a pixel pitch of 75 µm × 75 µm. Depending on the experimental scenario, the pnCCD enables imaging of single photons thanks to its very low electronic noise of 3 e− and high quantum efficiency. Here an overview on the EuXFEL pnCCD detector and the results from the commissioning and first user operation at the SQS experiment in June 2019 are presented. The detailed descriptions of the detector design and capabilities, its implementation at EuXFEL both mechanically and from the controls side as well as important data correction steps aim to provide useful background for users planning and analyzing experiments at EuXFEL and may serve as a benchmark for comparing and planning future endstations at other FELs.
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Kremnitzer, Mordechai. "The Landau Commission Report – Was the Security Service Subordinated to the Law, or the Law to the “Needs” of the Security Service?" Israel Law Review 23, no. 2-3 (1989): 216–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700016745.
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The principal significance of the Landau Commission Report lies in its conclusion that, under the provisions of the necessity defence, the exertion of a moderate measure of physical pressure is both justifiable and permissible in the interrogation of persons suspected of hostile terrorist activity (HTA). This conclusion extends both forward to the future and backward to the past. For the future, it licenses the employment of physical pressure in such investigations; as to the past, it lends significant support to another of the Commission's conclusions, that no proceedings be instituted against persons who were found by the Commission to bear prima facie responsibility for serious criminal offences (i.e., perjury at the very least). In my opinion, the Commission's central conclusion and its implications are unjustified. It is based upon factual findings and evaluative judgments which are, as I shall attempt to demonstrate, problematic.Before embarking, however, I should like to sketch a synoptic view of the Report for the reader, which will then enable me to expand upon the connection between the Commission's factual and evaluative findings and its normative conclusions. Regarding the facts, the Commission determined that: 1) GSS interrogators had systematically employed physical pressure on HTA suspects; and 2) interrogators had lied about this fact to the courts. The Commission's normative conclusions were that it is permissible to employ physical pressure in HTA interrogations, but forbidden to lie to the court.
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Kwaramba, Marko, and Fiona Tregenna. "International Trade Administration Commission tariff investigations: An analysis of the poultry and paper cases." Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences 7, no. 4 (September 30, 2014): 619–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jef.v7i4.388.
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This paper critically evaluates the role and performance of the International Trade Administration Commission of South Africa (ITAC) with a focus on tariff investigations. The paper analyses ITAC’s poultry and paper tariff investigations. For both of these cases, we analyse the economic context, assess parties’ submissions and perceptions of the tariff investigation processes and outcomes, evaluate the duration of the investigation, consider the balancing of the various interests involved, and analyse ITAC’s recommendations. From these two important cases it appears that ITAC has changed its approach to tariffs in line with developments in South Africa’s trade policy. The findings also indicate that ITAC is not yet consistently meeting the stipulated tariff investigation timeframes. Possible policy implications arising from the analysis are discussed.
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Ciuffreda, Anna Livia, Elena Juarez Alonso, Petronilla Patti, and Sara Soldaini. "The Ruspoli Chapel at the Porte Sante Cemetery in Florence. Material and diagnostic survey for conservation." Studies in Digital Heritage 1, no. 2 (December 14, 2017): 671–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/sdh.v1i2.23211.
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Porte Sante is one of the monumental cemetery in Florence, located within the fortified bastion of the Basilica di San Miniato al Monte. In the 1840s the town council decided to find a large area near Florence, to use as a cemetery. It was chosen the Fortress of San Miniato for the solemnity of the place. The first project was entrusted to Niccolò Matas in 1844 and in the 1860s the architect Mariano Falcini designed a new project using the area of the sixteenth-century fortress that stretched around the church.The Porte Sante cemetery surprised visitors with its comingling of styles: it was important to appear, to show the dignity of their own social class. This eclectic mix reveals interesting monuments for the style, for materials and construction methods. One of this examples is the Ruspoli chapel, designed in 1891 by Giovanni Paciarelli, architect sensitive to modernism and designer of Paggi Palace in Florence. The chapel, commissioned by Valsè-Pontellini family, stands out in the landscape for the precious texture of exotic carvings and inlays of polychrome marble, mosaics and historiated glass. Today it is in bad state of conservation.Today it is in bad state of conservation. The recovery of the chapel must provide for a careful restoration project whose foundation is the comprehensive knowledge of good, which can be achieved through the survey operations, the historical analysis and diagnostic investigations. The use of a photogrammetry software allowed us to obtain a virtual 3D model, which forms the basis for subsequent analyzes and evaluations on the state of conservation of the building. Such study will be applied to other artifacts in the cemetery, by implementing current and future studies on the whole complex of the Porte Sante.
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Bergkamp, Penelope A. "The European Commission’s Google Shopping decision: Could bias have anything to do with it?" Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 26, no. 4 (August 2019): 524–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1023263x19853712.
Full textAbstract:
Google has been on the radar of the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Competition for some time. Over the last few years, the European Commission has launched competition law investigations into three Google services: Google Shopping, Android and AdSense. In June 2017, the Commission released its decision in the Google Shopping case. The Commission imposed a record fine of €2.42 billion on Google for violating EU antitrust rules. According to the Commission, Google abused its market dominance as a search engine by giving an ‘illegal advantage’ to its own advertisers through its comparison shopping service. The Google Shopping decision can be understood to a significant degree by reference to conscious and unconscious biases. These biases, of course, are not overt – in administrative decision-making, decision-makers have to apply the law and support their decisions with reasons. Legal reasoning, however, provides an opportunity to test the plausibility of hypothesized bias: if the reasoning is strong, persuasive and objective, bias is either irrelevant (that is, it has not influenced the decision) or unlikely. If reasoning is weak, unpersuasive, or subjective, bias may have played a role. As this article demonstrates, based on careful analysis of the Commission’s reasoning in the Google Shopping case, the hypothesis of possible bias is confirmed.
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Pohan, Sarmadan. "Tinjauan Normatif Kewenangan Penuntutan oleh KPK Atas Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang." DOKTRINA: JOURNAL OF LAW 2, no. 2 (October 31, 2019): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/doktrina.v2i2.2615.
Full textAbstract:
<p><em>Debate over the issue of the authority of the corruption eradication commission in conducting investigations, investigations and investigators. The purpose of this study is to examine the legal basis for the authority to prosecute KPK for money laundering and the position of the authority to prosecute corruption eradication commissions for money laundering crimes in the future. This research method is normative, in which research of document studies using a variety of secondary data. The results obtained from this study are that the Article 6 of Law Number 30 of 2002 that the KPK only has authority in conducting investigations, investigations and prosecutions of money laundering crimes. In IusConstitutim or what applies in a regulation or better known as the law, the Corruption Eradication Commission does not have the authority to prosecute money laundering, different empirically different from seeing what happens in society that the KPK is deemed necessary to prosecute a laundering crime in TPPU is a double-track criminality in which there is an original and advanced crime, if the money laundering is a further criminal act of corruption as an original criminal act empirically then the Eradication Commission Corruption continues to prosecute because it still have a rights.</em><em></em></p>
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Noval (UIN Antasari Banjarmasin, Indonesia), Muhammad, Rani Raharjanti (Politeknik Negeri Semarang, Indonesia), and Musab A. M. Ali (Management and Science University, Malaysia). "Ownership on Islamic Economic Perspective and Director Ownership on Sharia Companies with Moderation Roles of Independent Commissioners." IKONOMIKA 5, no. 1 (May 18, 2020): 17–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/febi.v5i2.6309.
Full textAbstract:
This research aims to examine the ownership on Islamic economic and the ownership stock effect on firm performance and the moderating influence of independent commissioner on the connection between ownership stock and firm performance. Indicator of ownership stock studied was the ownership stock of the president director in the company. The firm performance studied by the calculation of Price per Earning Ratio. Then, the intended independent commissioners are the percentage of independent commissioners who are on the company's board of commissioners.This research uses qualitaitive method based on Islamic economic literature and quantitative methods basedon secondary data. Secondary data in this research are the financial report from firms that take the floor on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This investigation uses a population that is listed firms on Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI). Subsequently, the sample is filtered using purposive sampling techniques with the criteria of listed firms on Indonesia Stock Exchange and has the data needed in this investigation. As a result, the samples obtained were 296 companies. This research uses regression analysis with individual parameter significant test (t-test).Hypothesis testing results indicate that Sharia company ownershipis in accordance with Islamic economic perspective studies, and ownership stock with the indicator of ownership of the president director has an impact on firm performance with Price per Earning Ratio’s indicator, and independent commissioners based on the proportion of independent commissioners on the board of commissioners moderate the correlation between ownership stock and firm performance. Keywords: Ownership Stock, Firm Performance, and Independent Commissioners.
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Loveday, Barry. "Police and Crime Commissioners." International Journal of Police Science & Management 20, no. 1 (January 16, 2018): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461355717748974.
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This article considers the progress of the new system of police governance in England and Wales. It assesses the responsibilities and powers of Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) and examines local initiatives undertaken by some PCCs that have proved to have national ramifications. It evaluates the accountability of PCCs between elections and highlights the limited powers of Police and Crime Panels. It considers the convention of police operational independence in light of two controversial police investigations, and the potential need for PCC oversight of future publicly high-profile investigations. It provides an initial assessment of an important and recent High Court ruling (R v Police and Crime Commissioner for South Yorkshire, 2017) which, by making the PCC responsible for all police operational activity, questions the tradition of constabulary operational independence. It is argued that enabling the PCC to bring a chief officer to account for all police operations might mean that potentially challenging and fruitless investigations can be avoided in the future.
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Zaimis, Nikolaos. "Commentary: A European Commission Perspective on Manufactures Liberalization." Global Economy Journal 5, no. 4 (December 7, 2005): 1850056. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1143.
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A commentary on Alan V. Deardorff and Robert M. Stern, “Issues of Manufactures Liberalization and Administered Protection.” Nikolaos Zaimis heads the Trade Section of the European Commission Delegation in Washington and follows closely developments in EU-US relations. He previously held the position of Deputy Head of the WTO Dispute Settlement and Trade Barriers Unit at the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Trade. Before joining the European Commission, he worked for a number of years in private legal practice focusing on EC and international trade issues. He joined the Commission (DG Trade) in 1995 and initially worked in the area of anti-subsidy policy. He then became Head of the Section dealing with the investigation of trade barriers in third countries. Zaimis studied law in Greece and the UK and is a Member of the Athens Bar.