Academic literature on the topic 'Commissioning evaluations'
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Journal articles on the topic "Commissioning evaluations"
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Dickerson, Emma, Lee-Ann Fenge, and Emily Rosenorn-Lanng. "The impact of leadership development on GP mental health commissioning." Leadership in Health Services 30, no. 3 (2017): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhs-09-2016-0046.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore the learning needs of general practitioners (GPs) involved in commissioning mental health provision in England, and offer an evaluation of a leadership and commissioning skills development programme for Mental Health Commissioners. Design/methodology/approach Retrospective mixed method, including online mixed method survey, rating participants’ knowledge, skills, abilities, semi-structured telephone interviews and third-party questionnaires were used. Results were analysed for significant differences using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test. Open-ended responses and interview transcripts were analysed thematically. Findings Indicative results showed that participants perceived significant impacts in ability across eight key question groups evaluated. Differences were found between the perceived and observed impact in relation to technical areas covered within the programme which were perceived as the highest scoring impacts by participants. Research limitations/implications The indicative results show a positive impact on practice has been both perceived and observed. Findings illustrate the value of this development programme on both the personal development of GP Mental Health Commissioners and commissioning practice. Although the findings of this evaluation increase understanding in relation to an important and topical area, larger scale, prospective evaluations are required. Impact evaluations could be embedded within future programmes to encourage higher participant and third-party engagement. Future evaluations would benefit from collection and analysis of attendance data. Further research could involve patient, service user and carer perspectives on mental health commissioning. Originality value Results of this evaluation could inform the development of future learning programmes for mental health commissioners as part of a national approach to improve mental health provision.
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Sandin, Sofie. "Making Use of Evaluations to Support a Transition towards a More Sustainable Energy System and Society—An Assessment of Current and Potential Use among Swedish State Agencies." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (2020): 8241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198241.
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Evaluations hold the potential to support decision-making so that current global challenges related to climate and energy can be addressed; however, as the challenges are becoming increasingly large and complex, new and transformative evaluation approaches are called for. Such transformative evaluation in turn builds on an extended and more deliberate use of evaluations. This study focuses on the current evaluation use practices among Swedish state agencies who are commissioning and/or conducting evaluations within climate and energy-related areas. Building on focus group sessions with four agencies and a structured interview questionnaire answered by representatives at five state agencies, the results shed light on how informants perceive the current practices of using evaluations, following the models of use presented in the evaluation literature. These results show perceived use as mainly instrumental or conceptual, along with showing an overall emphasis on models of use that are deemed constructive for moving towards transformative evaluations. The results also outline key benefits and challenges related to the adoption of a transformative evaluation approach. Such benefits include a more structured planning and use of evaluations, while challenges relate to institutional barriers and mandates to coordinate evaluations on a transformative scale.
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Wye, Lesley, Helen Cramer, Kate Beckett, et al. "Collective knowledge brokering: the model and impact of an embedded team." Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice 16, no. 3 (2020): 429–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/174426419x15468577044957.
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Background:The Bristol Knowledge Mobilisation (KM) Team was an unusual collective brokering model, consisting of a multi-professional team of four managers and three academics embedded in both local healthcare policymaking (aka commissioning) and academic primary care. Aims and objectives:They aimed to encourage ‘research-informed commissioning’ and ‘commissioning-informed research’. This paper covers context, structure, processes, advantages, challenges and impact. Methods:Data sources from brokers included personal logs, reflective essays, exit interviews and a team workshop. These were analysed inductively using constant comparison. To obtain critical distance, three external evaluations were conducted, using interviews, observations and documentation. Findings:Stable, solvent organisations; senior involvement with good inter-professional relationships; secure funding; and networks of engaged allies in host organisations supported the brokers. Essential elements were two-way embedding, ‘buddying up’, team leadership, brokers’ interpersonal skills, and two-year, part-time contracts. By working collectively, the brokers fostered cross-community interactions and modelled collaborative behaviour, drawing on each other’s ‘insider’ knowledge, networks and experience. Challenges included too many taskmasters, unrealistic expectations and work overload. However, team-brokering provided a safe space to be vulnerable, share learning, and build confidence. As host organisations benefitted most from embedded brokers, both communities noted changes in attitude, knowledge, skills and confidence. The team were more successful in fostering ‘commissioning-informed research’ with co-produced research grants than ‘research-informed commissioning’. Discussion and conclusions:Although still difficult, the collective support and comradery of an embedded, two-way, multi-professional team made encouraging interactions, and therefore brokering, easier. A team approach modelled collaborative behaviour and created a critical mass to affect cultural change.
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Gates, Emily F. "Learning from seasoned evaluators: Implications of systems approaches for evaluation practice." Evaluation 23, no. 2 (2017): 152–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356389017697613.
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In the last 20 years, approaches (i.e. concepts, theories, methods) from the systems fields have increased in popularity among evaluators and evaluation commissioners. Their popularity stems in part from a widespread view that systems approaches transform evaluation practice, despite a lack of evidence. There have been few empirical examinations of the implications of these approaches for evaluation practice. This study analyzed eight cases of seasoned evaluators using systems approaches in diverse areas of evaluation practice to identify implications for how these professionals practice evaluation. Case materials included semi-structured interviews with each evaluator and descriptions of evaluations they conducted. Findings support a variety of case-specific transformations rather than a wholesale transformation in evaluation practice. Future directions for evaluator training, evaluation commissioning and contracting, and research are identified.
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Isa Khan, Muhammad, Muhammad Bilal Tahir, Muhammad Rafique, et al. "Commissioning and evaluation of a radiochromic EBT3 film dosimetry system." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 18, no. 1 (2018): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396918000444.
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AbstractPurposeThis work reports our study to commission a radiochromic film dosimetry system using the timely EBT3 film. We carried out dosimetric evaluations on different characteristics of photon beams (e.g., flatness, symmetry and penumbra) in radiation dose delivery.Materials and MethodsA Varian linear accelerator producing 6 and 15 MV photon beams with 120 multi-leaf collimator was used in this study. PTW ionisation chamber was used to measure the beam characteristics such as symmetry, flatness and penumbra and these measurements were used to commission the radiochormic EBT3 film dosimetry system. The results of irradiated films were analysed using the radiochromic film QA Pro software 2016.ResultsThe measured film doses were analysed at two different colour channels (green and red) using two scanning geometries (i.e., upper or lower side of film facing the scanner light source) at two dose levels (10 and 40 Gy). The difference between the ionisation chamber and film results was found insignificant and within the acceptable range as per the World Health Organisation standard.ConclusionResults of the comparison between the ionisation chamber and film measurements show that our radiochormic EBT3 film dosimetry system is reliable and cost-effective in the output measurement of a linear accelerator. Our measurements confirm that our EBT3 film dosimetry agreed well with the ionisation chamber, and can be used as a re-validation tool for linear accelerator quality control.
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McCausland, Ruth. "‘I’m sorry but I can’t take a photo of someone’s capacity being built’: Reflections on evaluation of Indigenous policy and programmes." Evaluation Journal of Australasia 19, no. 2 (2019): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035719x19848529.
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The Australian Government has recently increased resourcing for evaluation of Indigenous programmes following critical reports by the Australian National Audit Office and Productivity Commission around their failure to significantly reduce Indigenous disadvantage. Evaluation in Indigenous affairs has a long history, although not a consistent or coordinated one. While there is significant knowledge held by those with experience in commissioning and conducting evaluations for Indigenous programmes over a number of decades that could usefully inform current efforts, there has been little research focused on this area. This article outlines the findings of qualitative research about evaluation in Indigenous policy conducted with policymakers, senior public servants, programme managers, researchers and independent evaluation consultants that sought to privilege the voices and perspectives of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. It outlines key themes derived from those interviews relating to the methods, parameters, politics and accountability around government-commissioned evaluation in Indigenous policy and programmes and concludes by canvassing ways that evaluation could better serve the interests of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
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Bloch, Sonja C. M., Louise J. Jackson, Emma Frew, and Jonathan D. C. Ross. "Assessing the costs and outcomes of control programmes for sexually transmitted infections: a systematic review of economic evaluations." Sexually Transmitted Infections 97, no. 5 (2021): 334–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2020-054873.
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ObjectiveTo identify economic evaluations of interventions to control STIs and HIV targeting young people, and to assess how costs and outcomes are measured in these studies.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesSeven databases were searched (Medline (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), Web of Science, PsycINFO, NHS Economic Evaluation Database, NHS Health Technology Assessment and Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects) from January 1999 to April 2019. Key search terms were STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis) and HIV, cost benefit, cost utility, economic evaluation, public health, screening, testing and control.Review methodsStudies were included that measured costs and outcomes to inform an economic evaluation of any programme to control STIs and HIV targeting individuals predominantly below 30 years of age at risk of, or affected by, one or multiple STIs and/or HIV in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. Data were extracted and tabulated and included study results and characteristics of economic evaluations. Study quality was assessed using the Philips and BMJ checklists. Results were synthesised narratively.Results9530 records were screened and categorised. Of these, 31 were included for data extraction and critical appraisal. The majority of studies assessed the cost-effectiveness or cost-utility of screening interventions for chlamydia from a provider perspective. The main outcome measures were major outcomes averted and quality-adjusted life years. Studies evaluated direct medical costs, for example, programme costs and 11 included indirect costs, such as productivity losses. The study designs were predominantly model-based with significant heterogeneity between the models.Discussion/ConclusionNone of the economic evaluations encompassed aspects of equity or context, which are highly relevant to sexual health decision-makers. The review demonstrated heterogeneity in approaches to evaluate costs and outcomes for STI/HIV control programmes. The low quality of available studies along with the limited focus, that is, almost all studies relate to chlamydia, highlight the need for high-quality economic evaluations to inform the commissioning of sexual health services.
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Hinde, Sebastian, Laura Bojke, and Gerry Richardson. "Understanding and addressing the challenges of conducting quantitative evaluation at a local level: a worked example of the available approaches." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (2019): e029830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029830.
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ObjectivesIn the context of tightening fiscal budgets and increased commissioning responsibility, local decision-makers across the UK healthcare sector have found themselves in charge of the implementation and evaluation of a greater range of healthcare interventions and services. However, there is often little experience, guidance or funding available at a local level to ensure robust evaluations are conducted. In this paper, we evaluate the possible scenarios that could occur when seeking to conduct a quantitative evaluation of a new intervention, specifically with regards to the availability of evidence.DesignWe outline the full set of possible data scenarios that could occur if the decision-maker seeks to explore the impact of the launch of a new intervention on some relevant quantifiable outcomes. In each case we consider the implicit assumptions associated with conducting an evaluation, exploring possible situations where such scenarios may occur. We go on to apply the scenarios to a simulated dataset to explore how each scenario can result in different conclusions as to the effectiveness of the new intervention.ResultsWe demonstrate that, across the full set of scenarios, differences in the scale of the estimated effectiveness of a new intervention and even the direction of effect are possible given different data availability and analytical approaches.ConclusionsWhen conducting quantitative evaluations of new interventions, the availability of data on the outcome of interest and the analytical approach can have profound effects on the conclusions of the evaluation. Although it will not always be possible to obtain a complete set of data and conduct extensive analysis, it is vital to understand the implications of the data used and consider the implicit assumptions made through its use.
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Johnstone, Paul, and Prabha Lacey. "Are decisions by purchasers in an English health district evidence-based?" Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 7, no. 3 (2002): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/135581902760082472.
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Objectives: First, to investigate how many decisions by one commissioning body (district health authority) were based on evidence of effectiveness from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews of RCTs. Second, to investigate whether other types of quantitative studies and qualitative studies could be used as evidence to support commissioning decisions. Method: From three planning documents (for 1997-1998), all statements were identified. Effectiveness questions were constructed from each and used to search for evidence from trials and reviews in the Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 1998). Further searches for other studies (all methodologies) were performed on a subset of decisions and appraised by an independent expert panel. Results: A total of 124 decisions were identified of which two-thirds concerned organisation of care. Evidence existed for less than half (48.4%) the decisions, with 33.9% favouring the decision and 14.5% where evidence was either equivocal or unfavourable. From a random subset of ten decisions, relevant non-randomised quantitative studies and qualitative studies were identified for half the decisions. Evidence from economic evaluations was identified for only one decision. Conclusions: Large gaps in knowledge exist if health care purchasers are to base their decisions on evidence of effectiveness from RCTs. However, other types of evidence can be used to support such decisions. Summaries of research should be published in a format that is accessible to purchasers.
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Dharni, Nimarta, Josie Dickerson, Kathryn Willan, et al. "Implementation evaluation of multiple complex early years interventions: an evaluation framework and study protocol." BMJ Paediatrics Open 3, no. 1 (2019): e000479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2019-000479.
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IntroductionImplementation evaluations are integral to understanding whether, how and why interventions work. However, unpicking the mechanisms of complex interventions is often challenging in usual service settings where multiple services are delivered concurrently. Furthermore, many locally developed and/or adapted interventions have not undergone any evaluation, thus limiting the evidence base available. Born in Bradford’s Better Start cohort is evaluating the impact of multiple early life interventions being delivered as part of the Big Lottery Fund’s ‘A Better Start’ programme to improve the health and well-being of children living in one of the most socially and ethnically diverse areas of the UK. In this paper, we outline our evaluation framework and protocol for embedding pragmatic implementation evaluation across multiple early years interventions and services.Methods and analysisThe evaluation framework is based on a modified version of The Conceptual Framework for Implementation Fidelity. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, our evaluation framework incorporates semistructured interviews, focus groups, routinely collected data and questionnaires. We will explore factors related to content, delivery and reach of interventions at both individual and wider community levels. Potential moderating factors impacting intervention success such as participants’ satisfaction, strategies to facilitate implementation, quality of delivery and context will also be examined. Interview and focus guides will be based on the Theoretical Domains Framework to further explore the barriers and facilitators of implementation. Descriptive statistics will be employed to analyse the routinely collected quantitative data and thematic analysis will be used to analyse qualitative data.Ethics and disseminationThe Health Research Authority (HRA) has confirmed our implementation evaluations do not require review by an NHS Research Ethics Committee (HRA decision 60/88/81). Findings will be shared widely to aid commissioning decisions and will also be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, summary reports, conferences and community newsletters.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Commissioning evaluations"
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Langer, Markus E., Aloisia Schön, Michaela Egger-Steiner, and Irmgard Hubauer. "Implementing evaluation in the context of sustainable development (I). The planning and commissioning procedure of evaluations with sustainable development as part of a Tool Box." Forschungsschwerpunkt Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltmanagement, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2003. http://epub.wu.ac.at/536/1/document.pdf.
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In the context of sustainable development, evaluations have particularly high relevance as complex issues have to be dealt with generally over an extended period of time. Furthermore, there is a growing demand to evaluate against the concept of sustainable development. Especially evaluations with sustainable development are a rather new type of evaluation, as the source of its evaluation questions and the criteria applied are rooted in the concept of sustainable development. Sustainability of a specific project or process is often highly case specific as sustainable development is determined by many often unique issues. However, evaluations would be highly inefficient, if they would have to be newly designed in every case. Thus it is necessary to determine and utilize the major issues for evaluations with sustainable development. This paper is part of a series of three papers - which can be used independently - that present the major common issues for evaluations with sustainable development in a Tool Box. The results presented here are based on outcomes of a research project funded by the "Austrian Science Fund". This paper includes the evaluation planning and commissioning procedure. It describes the steps from the idea to implementation of an evaluation with sustainable development. In the context of general requirements of evaluation planning and commissioning, the special features of evaluations with sustainable development are highlighted. (author's abstract)<br>Series: Research Paper Series of the Research Focus Managing Sustainability
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Tjøstheim, Sindre. "Chemical Looping Combustion Cold Flow Model commissioning and performance evaluation." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elkraftteknikk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11059.
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SINTEF and NTNU are planning to build a 150 kWth Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) reactor system. This is new technology and the CLC reactor system is going to be one of the largest of its kind in the world. The technology is promising for CO2 capture in terms of energy efficiency and economics. To verify the design a Cold Flow Model, CFM, has been built. In the CFM no reactions take place, but it simulates the hydrodynamics of the 150 kWth CLC reactor system. The reactor system consists of two reactors exchanging solids in a loop. The two reactors are one air reactor, AR, and one fuel reactor, FR. Air is injected at different locations in the CFM to fluidize the solids and achieve the proper mass flows. The Cold Flow Model has been commissioned and an experimental campaign was executed. A series of experiments running each reactor singularly were performed. The rig seems to be functioning satisfactory and a minimum of plugging in the pipes were observed. The Cold Flow model has two cyclones that showed collection efficiencies at approximately 99 %. This is important to avoid emissions of solids from the future CLC reactor system, both for economic and environmental reasons. An investigation and mapping of the operating area of the reactors singularly and coupled was the target of the experiments. Correlations between operating velocity, total solid inventory, air distribution and flux were found. Appropriate flow regimes, meant to give good gas solid contact efficiency, and mass flow’s entrainments were achieved. The targets of a solid circulation rate of 2 kg/s in the AR and 1 kg/s in the FR were also achieved. Air is injected in the bottom of the reactors to fluidize the particles. This air is distributed through primary and secondary nozzles. The highest primary air percentage tested in the FR, 75%, gave the highest flux. In the AR 100% was tested, but 70% gave the highest flux. The last result is in contradiction with other experimental work in the area which says that 100% primary air should give the highest flux. After the mapping of the operating area of the single reactors it was possible to try to run the two reactors coupled. The divided loop seal was tested but led to a pressure short circuit and a large amount of the total solid inventory was lost out of the cyclones in a short time. The operation of a divided loop seal is probably possible, but seems difficult. The internal part of the loop seals were sealed to make the operation easier. The loop seals could then be operated as traditional loop seals. A challenge was the mass balance between the fuel reactor and air reactor. The mass flows of particles from both reactors must be equal to have a mass balance. Otherwise all the particles eventually ends up in one reactor. Results from the single reactor experiments were used to know approximately which operating conditions gave a mass balance between the reactors. The Cold Flow Model seemed to a certain degree be self regulating for achieving a mass balance if initial operating conditions were reasonable. Two experiments with coupled reactors and mass exchange only through the loop seals were done. A global solid circulation rate of 0.7 kg/s and 1 kg/s was achieved. Both AR and FR had the proper flow regimes. Proper flow regimes in the reactors are turbulent or fast fluidization. A third experiment utilized a lifter to enhance the solid transport between the reactors. A lifter is a additional transporter of solids from one reactor to another. The lifter worked successfully. The experiment had a global solid circulation rate of 1.4 kg/s. The mass flows were 1.4 kg/s from the AR loop seal and 1 kg/s from the FR loop seal. The remaining part 0.4 kg/s from the FR to the AR was transported with the lifter. Both reactors had proper flow regimes. A fourth experiment trying to achieve a global solid circulation rate of 2 kg/s failed. The bottleneck seems to be the AR loop seal. Solids accumulated and the loop seal was not able to handle this rate of solid flow. A new operation philosophy and design of the loop seal has been proposed. The new design of the loop seal and operation philosophy reduces the air flow needed in the loop seal, but it may not necessarily solve the solid circulation limit in the AR loop seal. Further investigation is needed. Manipulating the pressure in the AR may contribute to enhance the rate of solid flow through the loop seal. The successful experiments were presented at the 1st International Conference on Chemical Looping, IFP-Lyon, France, 17 - 19 March 2010. After the experimental campaign was finished the experiments were simulated with the fluidization software ERGUN developed by Compiegne University of Technology. ERGUN applies different mathematical models. For the simulations performed Horio’s and Berruti’s model were applied. The evaluation of the ERGUN simulations by means of the experiments shows that Horio’s and Berruti’s model should not be used for a detailed investigation of the flow structure in the CFM’s risers. However, despite its strongly empirical nature, a preliminary investigation of the riser’s behavior with Berruti’s model may be useful. Berruti’s model is a reasonable tool for modeling the upper part of the pressure profile in the AR and FR at the operating conditions tested. The operating conditions tested in the AR are total solid inventories of 35 and 45 kg, and superficial gas velocities from 0.9-1.9 m/s. The operating conditions tested in the FR are total solid inventories of 35 and 50 kg, and superficial gas velocities from 1.5-2.0 m/s. Berruti’s model is not capable of accounting for the dense bed in the lower part of the reactor as Horio’s model does. However, Horio’s model mismatched the experimental results too much. Horio’s model seems to be a provide a better match at larger total solid inventory and smaller operating velocities, hence flow regimes not relevant for the CLC reactor system.
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Kuwornu, Delali Korku. "Virtual commissioning of automatic machines: performance evaluation and robotic integration." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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This thesis pertains to the virtual commissioning process executed for an Automatic machine, the E-contiuous for TELEROBOT to test the Controller Software of the said machine’s Motion controller. It also looks at how this virtual commissioning process and results affected the real machine, while focusing on the benefits of the particular platform used, and its ability to capture all necessary behavior of the real machine model into the virtual one. The process was divided into three main stages and then the model was passed through each stage to obtain the final model which was tested and results posted. Also integration of industrial manipulators into virtual environment mainly for experimental analysis and virtual commissioning was looked at to obtain data on the feasibility of these robots for specific functions. Finally, there was the discussion of the future possibilities of virtual commissioning and what could yet be achieved.
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Roberts, Michael. "Sustainable schools : beyond measure?" Thesis, De Montfort University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/10513.
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This PhD research project has examined four newly built secondary schools in Leicester, England that were procured through the UK Government’s Building Schools for the Future (BSF) programme (2003-2010). The research strategy has adopted a mixed-methods approach using a range of quantitative and qualitative data. The principle aim was to establish a theoretical framework for Sustainable Development which could then help to shape the analysis. Five specific dimensions were identified as a result of an extensive literature review (Education [A], Community [B], Environment [C], Technology [D] and Economics [E]). It was also important to consider the dynamic nature of a school in relation to the study’s overarching question; ‘Sustainable Schools; Beyond Measure?’ In this regard, a “systems” approach was selected, which in turn led to the identification of three further levels of analysis (Inputs [1], Processes [2] and Outcomes [3]). Five objectives were then identified, helping to instruct the direction of the research activities. Firstly, the BSF procurement mechanism had to identify a private sector partner to rebuild the 16 secondary schools in Leicester over a 10 year period. This was time consuming and did not include energy efficiency as part of the selection process. Secondly, the commissioning of the four phase one buildings prior to occupancy was not sufficiently thorough. As a result, multiple operational problems were encountered post-occupancy by the Facility Management (FM) Provider. Thirdly, when the utility data was examined, the schools were not performing efficiently around their schedule of activities. When the Building Management Systems (BMS) were subsequently re-commissioned, timer settings were adjusted, resulting in substantial carbon and energy savings. Fourthly, when the staff completed an occupancy satisfaction survey, the results identified numerous comfort problems which could be linked to the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems (HVAC). Finally, when the researcher looked back at the past 10 years of educational statistics (2002-2012), it was clear how attainment, based on GCSE results, had dramatically improved following the move into the new buildings in September 2009. In order to draw out new insights from this wide spectrum of data, a matrix was developed, helping to organise the information in a systematic way. More generally, it is hoped this approach will promote a more intricate understanding about the way Sustainable Development can be integrated into future procurement mechanisms, building regulations and education policy.
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Chappel, David Barrington. "An evaluation of a health care programme approach to commissioning stroke services in Gateshead and South Tyneside." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/738.
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Introduction The NHS emphasises programme approaches to commissioning (Health Improvement Programmes and National Service Frameworks) but research is limited. I evaluated the Health Care Programme Approach (HCPA) for stroke whose individual elements are: a co-ordinating group; a co-ordinator; a technical document; and agreement of priorities. Methods 1 Four rounds of interviews with managers and clinicians; observation at meetings; analysis of documentary sources. 2 Quantitative indicators of progress measured at two time points. 3 Estimation of the Programme Budget and Transaction Costs from published sources and local data. 4 Interviews with Directors of Public Health from nine comparator districts. Results 1A structured process led to a set of priorities, which were widely accepted across all agencies, allowing the co-ordinating group to focus on facilitating change. This group took two years to reach a stage where it could change services. Most peoples upportedth e approachb ut were not alwaysc lear aboutt he process. 2 The indicators showed improvements in some aspects of care. 3 The programme budget was £IOm, mostly in long-term care (£5.5m) and hospital care (£3m). The transaction costs amounted to 0.25% of the programme budget. Preface 4 All comparator districts reported changes to commissioning and improvements in stroke services, but I found more widespread change in the study district. Discussion The detailed description of process, and use of multiple methods, gives strength to the findings. A collaborative approach has developed across the NHS during the period of this study making the findings highly relevant. There were important lessons for multiagency groups including: the time needed to function effectively; the need for individuals to clarify whether they represent an organisation or their own perspective; the need to review the group remit and the group's routes of communication; and the ability to adapt to changes in national policy while focusing on improving the health of the patients who fall within the programme. Keywords Planning, Purchasing, Commissioning, Stroke Services, Health Care Programme Approach, Evidence-Based, Multiagency Collaboration, Triangulation, Evaluation, Case Study.
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Stankevica, Galina. "Commissioning of the HVAC-plant in a large office building designed with an underfloor ventilation system including input into what should be emphasized when evaluating the total system is to be done." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10760.
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<p>The following paper presents HVAC system commissioning activities, highlighting the most critical techniques and features to consider when commissioning the underfloor air distribution (UFAD) system. UFAD systems are non-standard and unique and therefore a special attention is needed to some issues and situations specific only for UFAD installations, e.g. coordination of the raised access floor, carpet and furnishings, temperature stratification etc. Some of the most important tests to be performed during commissioning of UFAD systems, are the air leakage, air stratification and thermal decay testing. In order to achieve successful operation of UFAD, the active participation of all involved parties, e.g. architects, interior designers, HVAC designers, contractors etc. is needed since the very beginning of the project. Commissioning of UFAD just requires a discipline, structured approach and commitment from all participants involved. The practical study involved assessment of expected UFAD performance at the Sparebank kvartalet office building complex in Trondheim, Norway. The underfloor plenum was not properly sealed, creating a significant risk of future energy waste. The openings in the raised access floor construction also lead to the dust and dirt accumulation in the plenum. This in its turn would not only impair indoor air quality, but could also lead to the malfunction of mechanical equipment installed in the plenum. Trying to seal the plenum after laying down the carpet was found to be difficult, costly and time consuming. Even though relatively good air distribution in the entire floor was achieved, some diffusers (automatically controlled) are located too close to the workstations and it will be probably needed to rearrange their layout in order to avoid draught complaints by occupants. The easier commissioning and better performance of UFAD in Sparebank Kvartalet could actually be achieved in a less time consuming and costly way if the commissioning would start early in the pre-design phase, with a well established commissioning plan.</p>
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Allab, Yacine. "Evaluation expérimentale des performances des systèmes de ventilation dans le bâtiment : efficacité de ventilation et confort thermique." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0046/document.
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La performance d’un système doit être bien définie, atteignable et surtout mesurable. Ce n’est pas le cas aujourd’hui pour la ventilation. D’une part, les performances des systèmes de ventilation sont habituellement exprimées sur des considérations énergétiques ou tout simplement sur une estimation trop approximative des débits de ventilation. Les performances liées au confort thermique et à la qualité de l’air intérieur sont abordées séparément à travers des outils d’évaluation dédiés. D’autre part, les outils d’évaluation existants sont aujourd’hui limités dans leur mise en pratique pour des mesures in situ, notamment lorsqu’il s’agit de ventilation naturelle et mixte. L’objectif de cette thèse est alors d’examiner et d’expérimenter les techniques expérimentales existantes à échelle réelle afin de proposer des améliorations sur les méthodes d’évaluation et de commissionnement. La thèse aborde la performance de la ventilation en prenant en compte l’efficacité de ventilation comme performance intrinsèque et le confort thermique comme performance globale.La première partie est consacrée à l’évaluation in situ des performances intrinsèques de ventilation (taux de ventilation, âges moyens de l’air et efficacité de renouvellement d’air), en se basant sur des techniques de gaz traceurs. Après une analyse théorique des différents indicateurs de performance de ventilation et de leurs techniques de mesure correspondantes, une étude expérimentale a été menée dans une salle de cours sous différentes stratégies de ventilation (mécanique, naturelle et mixte). Les analyses ont démontré l’importance de la mise en application des techniques de décroissance de gaz traceurs sur l’incertitude des taux de renouvellement d’air avec notamment une forte influence des temps de mesure et des concentrations de gaz utilisées. Une méthodologie a été adaptée puis testée pour la mesure de l’efficacité de renouvellement d’air en ventilation mécanique, naturelle et mixte en s’affranchissant de mesures en bouches d’extraction (technique habituellement utilisée et préconisée par les normes).La deuxième partie est consacrée à l’évaluation expérimentale in situ du confort thermique sous différentes configurations de ventilation. Différentes méthodes, standards et techniques d’évaluation ont été testés et comparés avec la perception des occupants. Les résultats ont démontré la présence de plusieurs inadéquations lors de la mise en pratique des méthodes et normes existantes. Principalement, il s’agit de l’inadéquation des méthodes statiques (PMV PPD) pour l’évaluation du confort en présence de conditions thermiques fluctuantes, y compris en ventilation mécanique. Les analyses d’incertitudes liées aux erreurs de mesure ont démontré l’incohérence des normes actuelles dans la classification des catégories de confort<br>The performance of a system must be well defined, attainable and above all measurable. This is not the case today for ventilation. On the one hand ventilation performance is usually declined on energy efficiency considerations or simply on a rough estimation of ventilation rates. The performance related to thermal comfort and IAQ are addressed separately through dedicated evaluation tools. On the other hand, the existing evaluation tools today are nowadays limited in their practical applications for in situ measurements, in particular in the case of natural and mixed ventilation. The aim of the present thesis is to examine the existing experimental technics, at full scale building in order to propose improvements on evaluation methods and commissioning protocols. The present thesis deals with ventilation performance taking into account ventilation efficiency as intrinsic performance and thermal comfort as overall performance.The first part is devoted to the in situ assessment of intrinsic ventilation performance (ventilation rates, mean age of air, and air exchange efficiency), based on decay tracer gas techniques. After a theorical analysis of the various performance indexes and their corresponding measurement techniques, an experimental study was carried out in a classroom under different ventilation strategies (mechanical, natural & mixed mode). The analysis proved the importance of the application of the tracer gas decay on ventilation rates accuracy with in particular a strong influence of measurement times and used tracer gas concentration. A methodology has been adapted and tested for the measurement of the air exchange efficiency in natural and mixed mode ventilation, by avoiding measurements in exhaust vents (a technique usually used and advocated by current standards).The second part is devoted to in situ assessment of thermal comfort under different ventilation strategies. Different methods, standards and evaluation techniques were tested and compared with occupants’ perception. The results demonstrated the presence of several inadequacies during the implementation of existing methods and standards. Mainly, it concerns the inadequacy of static methods (PMV PPD) for thermal comfort assessment in the presence of fluctuating thermal conditions, even with mechanical ventilation. Uncertainty analysis related to measurement errors has demonstrated the incoherence of current standards in the classification of comfort categories
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Gibson, D. J. "A High-Energy, Ultrashort-Pulse X-Ray System for the Dynamic Study of Heavy, Dense Materials." Washington, D.C : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2004. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/15011626-GeBNVt/native/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.); Submitted to Univ. of California, Davis, CA (US); 17 Sep 2004.<br>Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "UCRL-TH-207378" Gibson, D J. 09/17/2004. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.
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Šťastný, Tomáš. "Veřejné zakázky v ČR - možnosti a realizace." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-295941.
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The topic of this submitted diploma thesis is an analysis of the commissioning and evaluation of the public procurement in the Czech Republic. I pay attention to the most frequent mistakes at spending public funds through the public procurement. The first chapter is devoted to the theoretical description of the Czech public procurement system. The next chapters include the overview of the evaluation system and evaluation criteria in the public procurement. The forth and the fifth chapters are focused on the general and individual mistakes during the commissioning and the application procedure.
Books on the topic "Commissioning evaluations"
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Smith, Judith. Some real wins for Easington: Evaluation of Easington Joint Commissioning Board. University of Birmingham, 1996.
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Values-based commissioning of health and social care. Cambridge University Press, 2012.
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Smith, Judith. "Holding on while letting go": Evaluation of locality commissioning in County Durham and Newcastle/North Tyneside. Health Services Management Centre, University of Birmingham, 1997.
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Lubcke, K. Supercritical-fluid chromatography: Commissioning and evaluation of a Gilson SF3 for the fractioncollection of lubricant additives. University of Wolverhampton, 1993.
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Cruikshanks, R. M. An evaluation of the implementation of locality sensitive commissioning in the Eastern Health and Social Services Board. The Author), 1998.
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McCay, Cara. Northern Ireland primary care commissioning group pilots: Progress on selected task areas (April 1999-August 2001) : a companion report to the final evaluation report of the Northern Ireland primary care commissioning group pilots. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, 2002.
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Smith, Judith. 'Holding on while letting go': Evaluation of locality commissioning in County Durham and Newcastle/North Tyneside Health Authorities : 1995-1996 : summary report. Health Services Management Centre, University of Birmingham, 1997.
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McCay, Cara. Northern Ireland primary care commissioning group pilots: Final evaluation report : a report to the Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety - April 2002. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, 2002.
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Brown, Stephen. An evaluation of the theoretical models for the commissioning of a combined child health service and an examination of the progress towards implementation of the combined child health sevice. The Author), 1994.
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Quinn, Sean. An evaluation study of the effectiveness of the GP commissioning models applied in Northern Ireland's Health and Personal Social Services - with particular emphasis on their effectiveness in incorporating the views of general practitioners and in offeringan alternative to GP fundholding. The Author], 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Commissioning evaluations"
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Quinn, Marian, Catherine Comiskey, and Gail Birkbeck. "Commissioning, procuring and contracting evaluations and research." In Research and Evaluation in Community, Health and Social Care Settings. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315142920-3.
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do Nascimento, Alexandre Rocha, and Andréa Regina Nunes de Carvalho. "Evaluation of the Effects Produced by the Commissioning Procedures on Offshore Oil Platform Operability." In Operations Management for Social Good. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23816-2_51.
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Mayne, John. "Realistic Commissioning of Impact Evaluations." In The Realpolitik of Evaluation. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003005162-11.
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Albertson, Kevin, Chris Fox, Chris O’leary, Gary Painter, Kimberly Bailey, and Jessica Labarbera. "Review of the evidence for outcome-based payment systems." In Payment by Results and Social Impact Bonds. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447340706.003.0005.
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This chapter reviews the current state of evidence on what works in outcomes-based commissioning using published evaluations of Payment by Results (PbR) and Social Impact Bonds (SIBs) in the UK and SIBs in the US. Findings from these evaluations are arranged under the following broad headings: designing and commissioning, development of markets, performance management, innovation, the role of incentives, and overall outcomes. The evaluations address issues such as the complexity of PbR commissioning models compared to other commissioning exercises, the impact of PbR on the market for social goods, and the development of new or enhanced performance management systems as a result of outcomes-based commissioning. Two areas of innovation are also highlighted: innovation in service design and delivery, and innovation in financing.
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Sin, Julie. "The Basic Commissioning Cycle." In Commissioning and a Population Approach to Health Services Decision-Making. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198840732.003.0004.
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In this chapter, the core purpose of commissioning is presented and there is an orientation to the key stages of the commissioning cycle. These ‘stages’ or key parts of the cycle are those of problem definition and needs assessment, prioritization and planning, procurement and contracting, and monitoring and evaluation. There is an overview of how each contributes to commissioning with a practical emphasis throughout. It is noted that commissioning at its best is a multidisciplinary effort. The chapter also notes that in systems with separate commissioning and provider functions, the onus of population health gain through health services is placed primarily on the commissioner. If commissioner and provider functions become more closely aligned, then hypothetically at least the provider arena would also become increasingly aligned to the work of whole population planning.
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Makarov, Vitaliy, and Mykola Kaplin. "MODELING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GAS INDUSTRY IN UKRAINE." In Priority areas for development of scientific research: domestic and foreign experience. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-049-0-33.
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The subject of the research is the directions of development of the gas industry of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to develop a mathematical model for calculating the program of development of the country's gas industry to solve the problem of choosing options for commissioning of new natural gas fields and intensification of existing fields. The methods of system analysis, linear programming, comparative analysis and expert evaluations are used in the work. A model for calculating a program for the development of the gas industry is proposed to solve the problem of choosing options for commissioning new natural gas fields and intensifying existing fields. The model is based on representing development options with achievable volumes of annual production increase in integer linear programming problems. New and operating natural gas fields can be presented in the model with statistical information on their distribution by reserves and depths with the corresponding development costs, as well as the dependences of the predicted annual production volume on the measures taken and technologies to improve the efficiency of gas extraction. Model calculations provide a two-stage method for determining the options for the development of the industry. At the first stage, a variety of options are optimized according to the criterion of unit costs per 1,000 m3 of gas produced during the entire program period. The second stage ensures the optimal distribution of the selected options between the periods of the program using the criterion of the production volume and with the limited costs of the previous period for the preparation, prospecting and exploration of deposits. The results of calculating feasible options for the development of the gas production industry based on statistical information on volume, mining and geological and cost indicators of the development of resources and natural gas reserves are presented. The calculations investigated the options for the uniform distribution of investment, as well as their growth from the first stage to the next. For both cases, the priority is set for the selection of fields with large reserves at the same depths. Such a procedure for putting fields into operation is expedient, both from the point of view of the criterion for the optimal functioning of the industry over a long period of time – the unit costs of production, and on the basis of considerations of achieving the highest volumes of extraction in the shortest possible time. In the case of small capital investments in the development of the industry, the model selects small-volume reserves of deposits according to the structure of Ukrainian reserves.
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Sin, Julie. "Purposeful Use of Health Intelligence." In Commissioning and a Population Approach to Health Services Decision-Making. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198840732.003.0008.
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This chapter considers how commissioners can frame the questions they pose of health information sources, so that they gain more meaningful answers to help commission for health gain. There is an overview of the three main purposes for using health information from a commissioning perspective. These are namely to help problem definition, plan and prioritize, or to monitor and evaluate actions taken. There then follows further practical guidance to assist fuller appreciation of the health information territory. This includes general themes covered by health information, example sources, and a salient reminder that whilst health information is important for commissioning, it is only one type of tangible knowledge that the commissioner needs for decision-making. Other salient knowledge that a commissioner needs for sense-making is also noted (a ‘Trio’ of knowledge is needed for commissioning). Finally there is also an orientation on making sense of economic evaluation information from a commissioning perspective.
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Checkland, Kath, Anna Coleman, Imelda McDermott, et al. "Clinical engagement in commissioning: past and present." In Commissioning Healthcare in England. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447346111.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 looks at the evidence about clinical engagement in primary care-led commissioning. Extending and strengthening clinical leadership was one of the key elements of the HSCA12. However, this idea was not new, and this chapter reviews the evidence on the role of clinicians in primary care-led commissioning and how this has contributed to the delivery of healthcare services since the early 1990s. It examines the nature of clinical engagement/involvement in the various primary care-led commissioning models that have been introduced into the NHS. Drawing on a review of the literature and our research on Clinical Commissioning Groups the chapter shows how the extent of clinical engagement has varied between the various schemes. GP commissioners have historically been more successful in influencing the work done by GP practices than in making broader changes to services provided by secondary care. The chapter goes on to explore the claims made both by those involved and in official documents about how greater involvement of clinicians in CCGs – and in particular GPs – will enhance commissioning practice. We test this against evidence from our study of CCGs, showing how the engagement and involvement of GPs requires careful attention to detail. Using a realist approach to evaluation, we highlight the contexts and mechanisms associated with successful – and unsuccessful – GP involvement in commissioning.
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Shaw, Ian. "Issues Arising from the Commissioning of Research: Case Studies." In Evaluating Public Programmes: Contexts and Issues. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315184159-5.
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Segar, Julia, Kath Checkland, Anna Coleman, and Imelda McDermott. "Thinking about Case Studies in 3-D: Researching the NHS Clinical Commissioning Landscape in England." In Case Study Evaluation: Past, Present and Future Challenges. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s1474-786320140000015004.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Commissioning evaluations"
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Giehl, Alexander, Norbert Wiedermann, Makan Tayebi Gholamzadeh, and Claudia Eckert. "Integrating security evaluations into virtual commissioning." In 2020 IEEE 16th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/case48305.2020.9217004.
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Kinsel, Calvin E., Richard Eckersley, and Stephen Stulak. "Enhancing Plant Start-Up Reliability: Independent Critical Equipment Evaluations." In ASME 2004 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2004-52052.
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This paper describes a program instituted by Reliant Energy in 2002 to enhance the reliability of certain equipment that have been designated as being critical to the successful start-up of their plants under construction. The goal of the program is to reduce the risk of failing to meet forecasted Commercial Operation dates on plants under construction due to equipment failures during commissioning and start-up.
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Mori, Takero, and Fumiaki Yamada. "Margin Analysis of MONJU Thermal Transient Based on Measured Plant Performance." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89379.
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This paper reports a part of realistic safety margin analysis of Japanese prototype fast breeder reactor MONJU, based on actually measured plant characteristics during a commissioning operation under up to 40% electric power generation mode. In order to evaluate realistic integrity margins against design-phase evaluations and against the limit values, the thermal stresses of critical component parts after a typical thermal transient event, i.e., a manual reactor trip, were derived through serially combined thermal transient and structural analyses. The results of thermal transient and structure analysis confirmed that the evaluation values of the structural stresses at the reactor vessel outlet nozzle, at the upper tube sheet of the intermediate heat exchanger, and at the evaporator feed water inlet tube sheet are well within the design evaluation values.
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Bourguigne, G., and F. Schroeter. "Fatigue Monitoring: Case Studies in Nuclear Power Plant." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84007.
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During design of Class I components in Nuclear Power Plants, cumulative usage factors (CUF) are conservatively calculated to estimate fatigue damage, and results must be below the limits of the applicable codes. Nevertheless, when these results are used to evaluate the possibility of using these components for an extended life, the results are frequently above code limits. Many Nuclear Power Plants have installed commercial fatigue monitoring systems at critical components in order to assess transient severity and cycle count for life extension fatigue calculations among other reasons. Since the commissioning of the system, unexpected operation modes and thermal stratification was discovered and evaluations needed to be done. Findings, interpretations and solving are presented in this paper.
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Pham, Duc, Ningsheng Feng, and Eric Hahn. "The Effect of Cavitation on the Vibration Behaviour of Nonlinear Rotor Bearing Systems." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95131.
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Rotor bearing systems frequently utilise hydrodynamic bearings whose dynamic properties are generally influenced by the bearing reaction forces (which determine the bearing stiffness and damping coefficients). These reaction forces are frequently unknown and are generally determined from the solution of the Reynolds equation using rotor motion measurements as input. Of interest is the attainable accuracy of such bearing force determinations, and for experimental evaluation, a test rig was fabricated, the design specification of which required that the rotor system run stably over its operating speed range. This paper describes the commissioning of this rig for stability purposes with the aid of natural frequency analyses, noting the required design modifications to ensure stable operation. Stability was found to be significantly influenced by the extent of the continuous fluid film in the hydrodynamic circumferentially grooved bearings. It was concluded that the assumption of a 180 degree film extent was totally inappropriate even though the bearing ends were open to the atmosphere, whereas the assumption of fluid film break up at the lubricant saturation vapour pressure proved appropriate for stability predictions provided one ensured that the bearings were flooded. Preliminary bearing force evaluations proved inconclusive, primarily because the self aligning bearings nevertheless experienced angular misalignment; and because there was uncertainty as to how much air was entrained in the bearings, in spite of attempts to prevent air ingress.
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Musacchio, Alessandro, Andrea Corona, Luca Cencioni, Angela Serra, Pietro Bartocci, and Francesco Fantozzi. "Defining Key Environmental Performance Factors (KEPF) for Gas Turbines Eco-Design and Production Through Life Cycle Assessment." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15335.
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Abstract Nowadays environmental impact assessment of a new product is necessary to meet rising sustainability requirements also in the Oil & Gas and Power Generation markets, especially for industrial gas turbines. From the conceptual phase to the detailed design, engineer’s work is supported by a wide range of tools aimed to define and evaluate typical parameters such as performances, life and costs, etc. However, considering environmental impact aspects from the early stages of product development may not be easy if the involved engineers are not provided by a specific Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) knowledge. Scope of this paper is to introduce and explain the development of a methodology aimed to define and evaluate the Key Environmental Performance Factors (KEPF) during the whole design process. The proposed methodology enables easy and fast eco-design evaluations and supports sustainable design assessments. Preliminary analysis of the entire processes involved in gas turbine (GT) design and production as well as testing and commissioning phases were performed to evaluate which factors affect mostly the Carbon Footprint of each process, referred to their specific functional unit. Extrapolating the KEPF from Cradle-to-Gate LCA they can be combined with case-specific qualitative and quantitative information such as material selection, manufacturing processes, mass quantity, presence of coatings etc. to provide environmental assessments. A case study of LCA applied to a heavy-duty GT is presented to outline the relative weight of each KEPF.
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Khalil, M. Shahid, and Sajjad Akbar. "Assessment of Life of Pressure Vessels and Pipes in Crude Oil and Gas Industries." In ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98024.
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Fitness-for-service (FFS) assessments are quantitative engineering evaluations which are required to be preformed periodically in accordance with the published codes and standards to demonstrate the structural integrity of in-service components. This report summarizes the results of nondestructive in-service-inspection (ISI) of pressurized components conducted for condition assessment of the Dakhani Gas Processing Plant of Oil and Gas Development Corporation Ltd. (OGDCL) for the first time since its commissioning in December,1989. The non-destructive evaluation of the plant was required because of concerns for occurrence of sulphide-stress-cracking. Hydrogen embrittlement, hydrogen-including-cracking, weight-loss-corrosion, sulphur-stress-corrosion due to determental service conditions at Dakhani having low PH, High H2S, high chlorides and pressure of CO2. The results have shown that microstructural changes associated with first and second stage of hydrogen attack have occurred in almost all of the pipe joints and pressure vessels. Hardness of some vessels has even exceeded the NACE limit of 220 HB. Effect of second stage of hydrogen attack are dominant in pipe joints, resulting in loss of hardness and strength because of decarburization. The results based on ultrasonic attenuation monitoring also indicate degradation of components. Random rounded indications have also been observed in some pipe joints during X-Ray radiographic testing that could serve as sites for failure initiation. The corrosion-under-insulation is observed for joints of piping spreading over a significant length. Localized corrosion and pitting is also observed in some locations of pressure vessels and piping. Ultrasonic thickness gauging has shown a significant variation in thickness for dish end and shell of some pressure vessels as well as for various joints of piping. In absence of periodic ISI data for the plant and keeping in view the results of non-destructive evaluation summarized above, the end-of-life (EOL) assessment of pressure vessels and piping is not possible and operation of the plant should be continued with a degree of caution. Any estimate of safe life assessment of the plant made at this stage would require revision on the basis of observed level of degradation through essential periodic in-service monitoring. In order to cope with the situation, it is recommended that monitoring of further degradation of microstructure and hardness along with flaw growth should be carried out after a period of 8x103 hours. Necessary remedial measures for rectification of flaws are requested. Non-destructive strain gauging is recommended to estimate data for safe life assessment of pressure vessels. Thermographic scanning of on-line in-service insulated pipelines is proposed for monitoring corrosion-under-insulation during plant operation.
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Laing, Malcolm, Todd Pickering, Dan Kominsky, Walter O’Brien, and Steve Poland. "Design and Commissioning of an Engine-Like Test Environment." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95090.
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Test and evaluation are critical to any product development program. The validation of engine sensor products is particularly challenging since the test engine required for validation can range in value from thousands to millions of dollars, costing much more than the sensor product itself. As a result, significant sensor testing and validation is required by an engine owner prior to on-engine testing. To support our development activities and to facilitate test validation acceptance, we have created a test and evaluation platform for gas turbine sensors that will allow us to test developmental sensors in an engine-like environment without risking the possibility of engine damage. Driven by the core exhaust of a JT15-D engine, the Dynamic Rotor Research Rig (DR3) test and evaluation platform provides a test capability that is highly representative of the high temperatures, vibrations, gasses, fluids and overall gas turbine engine environment, while providing the means to easily add and replace sensors, add and test custom rotors, control temperature and rotor speeds, and to not risk engine health during test activities. Here we will discuss our sensor testing goals and how they fed into the operational goals and design considerations for the DR3. Early design concepts and the ultimate approach we took with the DR3 design will be explored, along with the candidate test rig component and subassembly fabrication processes that we evaluated and ultimately selected for use. We will review the manufacturing issues that we encountered during the construction phase of the DR3 and overview the commissioning of the DR3, problems that we discovered during start up and how we solved them. Included will be the results of initial turbine blade clearance and blade tip timing sensor testing performed on the DR3 and an evaluation of the DR3 performance, including temperature and speed control of the test rig and other characterization of the operating regime of the rig. Finally, we will present future plans to upgrade the DR3 rig to support future high temperature sensor and blade health monitoring development activities.
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Benvenuti, Erio, and Marco Sargenti. "The PGT2, a New 2-MW Class Efficient Gas Turbine: Applications and Operating Experience in Cogeneration." In ASME 1996 Turbo Asia Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-ta-028.
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The PGT2 is a single-shaft gas turbine with a 2 MW ISO electric output that, after an extensive factory development program has been launched into industrial service with a number of cogeneration applications in small-medium size industries. The two-stage high pressure ratio compressor combined with the single-can combustor and the two-stage air-cooled transonic turbine provides a compact and rugged architecture. The turbine inlet temperature in the 1050–1100 °C class and the 12.5:1 pressure ratio provide a 25% electrical efficiency and a high exhaust temperature that make this machine attractive for a variety of both civil and industrial applications like hospitals and pulp and paper mills, textile, tiles, cement, glass and food production. The exhaust heat recovery boiler can be either a commercial unit or compact once-through type of proprietary design that is housed in a vertical exhaust duct to substantially reduce powerplant footprint area when space is limited. The first application that has provided the most extensive operating experience so far is cogeneration in a paper mill in central Italy. Detailed studies on the potential energy saving and on the return of investment cycle were made in collaboration with the client, and provided a valuable basis for further studies that led to additional orders for paper mills, textile and tile industries. The first installed unit is a package comprising a once-through-flow boiler that was full-load tested at the factory before shipping. Commissioning of the cogeneration plant was started in 30 days after shipment and the plant was taken over by the client in less than three months. A dedicated telephone line allows the power plant to be monitored directly from Florence, thus making it possible to gather operational data in real time and to provide this first customer with prompt assistance during the 4-year service and maintenance contract period. This paper describes the PGT2 design and performance features, the technical and economic evaluations made for the first application, the cogeneration plant layout and a summary of the most significant operational data collected in the initial months or regular service in the paper mill.
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Rosado Tamariz, Erik, Norberto Pe´rez Rodri´guez, and Rafael Garci´a Illescas. "Turbo Gas Power Plants Performance Evaluation for Putting Into Commercial Operation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-60255.
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In order to evaluate the performance of new turbo gas power plants for putting in commercial operation, it was necessary to supervise, test and, if so the case, to approve the works of commissioning, operational and acceptance of all equipments and systems that constitute the power plant. All this was done with the aim of guaranteeing the satisfactory operation of these elements to accomplish the function for which they were developed. These activities were conducted at the request of the customer to confirm and observe that the evidence of the tests was carried out according to the specifications and international regulations. The putting into commercial operation activities were done in collaboration with the supplier and manufacturer of equipment, the client and the institution responsible for certification and approval of the plant. All this in a logical and chronological order for the sequence of commissioning tests, operation and acceptance. Commissioning tests were carried out on-site at normal operating conditions, according to the design and operation needs of each power plant of a group of 14. Once the commissioning tests were completely executed and in a satisfactory manner, operational tests of the plants were developed. This was done by considering that they must operate reliable, stable, safe and automatically, satisfying at least, one hundred hours of continuous operation at full load. After evaluating the operational capacity of the machine, it was necessary to determinate the quality of the plant by carrying out a performance test. Finally, it was verified if every unit fulfills the technical requirements established in terms of heat capacity of the machine, noise levels and emissions. As a result of this process, it is guaranteed to the customer that the turbo gas power plants, their systems and equipments, satisfy the requirements, specifications and conditions in agreement with the supplier and manufacturers referring to the putting into commercial operation of the plant.
Reports on the topic "Commissioning evaluations"
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Wray, Craig, Iain Walker, Jeff Siegel, and Max Sherman. Practical Diagnostics for Evaluating Residential Commissioning Metrics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803752.
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AIR FORCE FLIGHT TEST CENTER EDWARDS AFB CA. AFFTC Instruction 99-6, Test and Evaluation Commissioning Certificate. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada403486.
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McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.
Full textAbstract:
Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to advise the Minister for Families and Social Services on the implementation of ER. To inform its advice to the Minister, the NCG partnered with the Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra to conduct research to understand the issues and challenges faced by ER Providers and Service Users in local contexts across Australia. The research involved a desktop review of the existing literature on ER service provision, a large survey which all Commonwealth ER Providers were invited to participate in (and 122 responses were received), interviews with a purposive sample of 18 ER Providers, and the development of a program logic and theory of change for the Commonwealth ER program to assess progress. The surveys and interviews focussed on ER Provider perceptions of the strengths, weaknesses, future challenges, and areas of improvement for current ER provision. The trend of increasing case complexity, the effectiveness of ER service delivery models in achieving outcomes for Service Users, and the significance of volunteering in the sector were investigated. Separately, an evaluation of the performance of the NCG was conducted and a summary of the evaluation is provided as an appendix to this report. Several themes emerged from the review of the existing literature such as service delivery shortcomings in dealing with case complexity, the effectiveness of case management, and repeat requests for service. Interviews with ER workers and Service Users found that an uplift in workforce capability was required to deal with increasing case complexity, leading to recommendations for more training and service standards. Several service evaluations found that ER delivered with case management led to high Service User satisfaction, played an integral role in transforming the lives of people with complex needs, and lowered repeat requests for service. A large longitudinal quantitative study revealed that more time spent with participants substantially decreased the number of repeat requests for service; and, given that repeat requests for service can be an indicator of entrenched poverty, not accessing further services is likely to suggest improvement. The interviews identified the main strengths of ER to be the rapid response and flexible use of funds to stabilise crisis situations and connect people to other supports through strong local networks. Service Users trusted the system because of these strengths, and ER was often an access point to holistic support. There were three main weaknesses identified. First, funding contracts were too short and did not cover the full costs of the program—in particular, case management for complex cases. Second, many Service Users were dependent on ER which was inconsistent with the definition and intent of the program. Third, there was inconsistency in the level of service received by Service Users in different geographic locations. These weaknesses can be improved upon with a joined-up approach featuring co-design and collaborative governance, leading to the successful commissioning of social services. The survey confirmed that volunteers were significant for ER, making up 92% of all workers and 51% of all hours worked in respondent ER programs. Of the 122 respondents, volunteers amounted to 554 full-time equivalents, a contribution valued at $39.4 million. In total there were 8,316 volunteers working in the 122 respondent ER programs. The sector can support and upskill these volunteers (and employees in addition) by developing scalable training solutions such as online training modules, updating ER service standards, and engaging in collaborative learning arrangements where large and small ER Providers share resources. More engagement with peak bodies such as Volunteering Australia might also assist the sector to improve the focus on volunteer engagement. Integrated services achieve better outcomes for complex ER cases—97% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. The research identified the dimensions of service integration most relevant to ER Providers to be case management, referrals, the breadth of services offered internally, co-location with interrelated service providers, an established network of support, workforce capability, and Service User engagement. Providers can individually focus on increasing the level of service integration for their ER program to improve their ability to deal with complex cases, which are clearly on the rise. At the system level, a more joined-up approach can also improve service integration across Australia. The key dimensions of this finding are discussed next in more detail. Case management is key for achieving Service User outcomes for complex cases—89% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. Interviewees most frequently said they would provide more case management if they could change their service model. Case management allows for more time spent with the Service User, follow up with referral partners, and a higher level of expertise in service delivery to support complex cases. Of course, it is a costly model and not currently funded for all Service Users through ER. Where case management is not available as part of ER, it might be available through a related service that is part of a network of support. Where possible, ER Providers should facilitate access to case management for Service Users who would benefit. At a system level, ER models with a greater component of case management could be implemented as test cases. Referral systems are also key for achieving Service User outcomes, which is reflected in the ER Program Logic presented on page 31. The survey and interview data show that referrals within an integrated service (internal) or in a service hub (co-located) are most effective. Where this is not possible, warm referrals within a trusted network of support are more effective than cold referrals leading to higher take-up and beneficial Service User outcomes. However, cold referrals are most common, pointing to a weakness in ER referral systems. This is because ER Providers do not operate or co-locate with interrelated services in many cases, nor do they have the case management capacity to provide warm referrals in many other cases. For mental illness support, which interviewees identified as one of the most difficult issues to deal with, ER Providers offer an integrated service only 23% of the time, warm referrals 34% of the time, and cold referrals 43% of the time. A focus on referral systems at the individual ER Provider level, and system level through a joined-up approach, might lead to better outcomes for Service Users. The program logic and theory of change for ER have been documented with input from the research findings and included in Section 4.3 on page 31. These show that ER helps people facing a financial crisis to meet their immediate needs, avoid further harm, and access a path to recovery. The research demonstrates that ER is fundamental to supporting vulnerable people in Australia and should therefore continue to be funded by government.