Journal articles: 'Commissioning experiments'

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Olson, R. E., L. J. Suter, J. L. Kline, et al. "Lasnex simulations of NIF vacuum hohlraum commissioning experiments." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 244, no. 3 (2010): 032057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/244/3/032057.

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Bagnoud, V., B. Aurand, A. Blazevic, et al. "Commissioning and early experiments of the PHELIX facility." Applied Physics B 100, no. 1 (2009): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-009-3855-7.

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А.А., Gaisin. "Commissioning experiment for joint physical and numerical analysis." Ekologiya i stroitelstvo 1 (2015): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35688/2413-8452-2015-01-001.

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This work is devoted to carrying out commissioning experiments to verify the acceptability of the mathematical model, computational grid and boundary conditions for numerical modeling of fluid flow in the hydrodynamic flow regulators. Verification of a numerical experiment was conducted using laboratory studies. The physical experiment was constructed in a reversed hydraulic tray. Measurements of local velocities in the outlet section of the diffuser was performed in the control points using utrirovannoe tube Prandtl-Pitot. Numerical simulation was performed in STAR-CMM+. The model is based on threedimensional unsteady Reynolds equations. Turbulence was modelled with standard k-ε model. The calculation method is implicit. Modeling free-surface flow was carried out with the use VOF two-phase interaction with the gravitational component. Boundary conditions were taken as the hydrostatic pressure for the input and the output section of the experimental model, the velocity on the inner walls of the model, which was assumed to be zero, and the absolute roughness of all surfaces. The results of the value of local velocities showed good agreement with experimental values. The studies confirmed the effectiveness of joint physical and numerical experiment, which allows to reduce the number of model studies. Analysis of the values obtained in numerical and physical experiments, allowed us to conclude that numerical simulation agrees well with experimental data with an error of less than 5 %. As a result of the physical experiment proved the correctness of the simulation of fluid flow in diffusers at the exit of the flow in the downstream in the software package STAR-CCM+.

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Yabuuchi, Toshinori, Akira Kon, Yuichi Inubushi, et al. "An experimental platform using high-power, high-intensity optical lasers with the hard X-ray free-electron laser at SACLA." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 26, no. 2 (2019): 585–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577519000882.

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An experimental platform using X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses with high-intensity optical laser pulses is open for early users' experiments at the SACLA XFEL facility after completion of the commissioning. The combination of the hard XFEL and the high-intensity laser provides capabilities to open new frontiers of laser-based high-energy-density science. During the commissioning phase, characterization of the XFEL and the laser at the platform has been carried out for the combinative utilization as well as the development of instruments and basic diagnostics for user experiments. An overview of the commissioning and the current capabilities of the experimental platform is presented.

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Robinson, Suzanne, Helen Dickinson, and Learne Durrington. "Something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue? Reviewing the evidence on commissioning and health services." Australian Journal of Primary Health 22, no. 1 (2016): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py15037.

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The concept of commissioning is starting to gain traction in the Australian health system. Primary Care Networks began operations in July 2015 with a remit around commissioning health services. Despite the centrality of this concept, we know relatively little about commissioning in Australia. Other systems have experimented with it for some time, and this paper reviews the evidence and lessons inherent within the international literature. The study defines commissioning, and explores experiences of others who have adopted commissioning approaches and the evidence concerning the outcomes of these experiments. Commissioning is a difficult topic in many senses and its application to a complex area such as health reform can make it even more challenging. Ultimately, this evidence suggests that commissioning is more than simply a technical or operational process, but one that is value-based and relational. This is not to downplay the technical aspects, which in many jurisdictions have resulted in explicit and evidenced-based approaches to planning and priority setting. However, if new commissioning organisations, such as Primary Health Networks, are to have an impact, they need to balance the operational and relational elements of commissioning.

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Recchia, Francesco. "Installation of the AGATA Demonstrator and commissioning experiments at LNL." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 205 (January 1, 2010): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/205/1/012045.

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Michaelian, K. H., T. E. May, and C. Hyett. "Photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy at the Canadian Light Source: Commissioning experiments." Review of Scientific Instruments 79, no. 1 (2008): 014903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2833825.

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Bartmann, Wolfgang, Pavel Belochitskii, Horst Breuker, et al. "The ELENA facility." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376, no. 2116 (2018): 20170266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0266.

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The CERN Antiproton Decelerator (AD) provides antiproton beams with a kinetic energy of 5.3 MeV to an active user community. The experiments would profit from a lower beam energy, but this extraction energy is the lowest one possible under good conditions with the given circumference of the AD. The Extra Low Energy Antiproton ring (ELENA) is a small synchrotron with a circumference a factor of 6 smaller than the AD to further decelerate antiprotons from the AD from 5.3 MeV to 100 keV. Controlled deceleration in a synchrotron equipped with an electron cooler to reduce emittances in all three planes will allow the existing AD experiments to increase substantially their antiproton capture efficiencies and render new experiments possible. ELENA ring commissioning is taking place at present and first beams to a new experiment installed in a new experimental area are foreseen in 2017. The transfer lines from ELENA to existing experiments in the old experimental area will be installed during CERN Long Shutdown 2 (LS2) in 2019 and 2020. The status of the project and ring commissioning will be reported. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Antiproton physics in the ELENA era’.

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Schovancová, Jaroslava, Alessandro Di Girolamo, Aristeidis Fkiaras, and Valentina Mancinelli. "Evolution of HammerCloud to commission CERN Compute resources." EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019): 03033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921403033.

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HammerCloud is a testing service and framework to commission, run continuous tests or on-demand large-scale stress tests, and benchmark computing resources and components of various distributed systems with realistic full-chain experiment workflows. HammerCloud, used by the ATLAS and CMS experiments in production, has been a useful service to commission both compute resources and various components of the complex distributed systems of the LHC experiments, as well as integral partof the monitoring suite that is essential for the computing operations of the experiments and their automation. In this contribution we review recent developments of the HammerCloud service that allow use of HammerCloud infrastructure to test Data Centre resources in the early phases of the infrastructure and services commissioning process. One of thebenefits we believe HammerCloud can provide is to be able to tune the commissioning of the new infrastructure, functional and also stress testing, as well as benchmarking with "standard candle" workflows, with experiment realistic workloads, that can be heavy for CPU, or I/O, or IOPS, or everything together. This extension of HammerCloud has been successfully usedin CERN IT during the prototype phase of the "BEER" Batch on EOS (Evaluation of Resources) project, and is being integrated with the continuous integration/continuous deployment suite for Batch service VMs.

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Larsson, Jörgen, Henrik Enquist, Andrius Jurgilaitis, et al. "Commissioning experiments at FemtoMAX – an X-ray beamline for structural dynamics." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 74, a2 (2018): e136-e136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273318093245.

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Franchoo, S. "Low-energy experiments at the S3 spectromet." Nuclear Science and Technology 9, no. 2 (2019): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.53747/jnst.v9i2.50.

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With the advent of the Spiral-2 linear accelerator and the associated S3 spectrometer at the Ganil laboratory in France, new realms of intermediate-mass N=Z and very heavy nuclei will soon become available for research in nuclear structure. After their production and selection in the spectrometer, the ions of interest will be stopped in a buffer gas, neutralised, resonantly re-ionised, cooled and bunched. This will bring us in an adequate position to perform laser spectroscopy, mass measurements and decay spectroscopy of their ground and isomeric states. In this contribution we report on the ongoing commissioning of the detector set-up.

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Deisting, Alexander, Abigail Waldron, Edward Atkin, et al. "Commissioning of a High Pressure Time Projection Chamber with Optical Readout." Instruments 5, no. 2 (2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments5020022.

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The measurements of proton–nucleus scattering and high resolution neutrino–nucleus interaction imaging are key in reducing neutrino oscillation systematic uncertainties in future experiments. A High Pressure Time Projection Chamber (HPTPC) prototype has been constructed and operated at the Royal Holloway University of London and CERN as a first step in the development of a HPTPC that is capable of performing these measurements as part of a future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment, such as the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment. In this paper, we describe the design and operation of the prototype HPTPC with an argon based gas mixture. We report on the successful hybrid charge and optical readout using four CCD cameras of signals from 241Am sources.

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Bae, Y. S., Y. M. Park, J. S. Kim, et al. "Commissioning of the first KSTAR neutral beam injection system and beam experiments." Fusion Engineering and Design 87, no. 9 (2012): 1597–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.05.011.

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Ebinger, Benjamin, Alexander Borovik, Tobias Molkentin, Alfred Müller, and Stefan Schippers. "Commissioning of a powerful electron gun for electron–ion crossed-beams experiments." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 408 (October 2017): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2017.03.136.

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Herner, Kenneth, Andres Felipe Alba Hernandez, Shreyas Bhat, et al. "Advances and enhancements in the FabrIc for Frontier Experiments project at Fermilab." EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019): 03059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921403059.

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The FabrIc for Frontier Experiments (FIFE) project within the Fermilab Scientific Computing Division is charged with integrating offline computing components into a common computing stack for the non-LHC Fermilab experiments, supporting experiment offline computing, and consulting on new, novel workflows. We will discuss the general FIFE onboarding strategy, the upgrades and enhancements in the FIFE toolset, and plans for the coming year. These enhancements include: expansion of opportunistic computing resources (including GPU and high-performance computing resources) available to experiments; assistance with commissioning computing resources at European sites for individual experiments; StashCache repositories for experiments; enhanced job monitoring tools; and a custom workflow management service. Additionally we have completed the first phase of a Federated Identity Management system to make it easier for FIFE users to access Fermilab computing resources.

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Reusch, Tobias, Markus Osterhoff, Johannes Agricola, and Tim Salditt. "Pulse-resolved multi-photon X-ray detection at 31 MHz based on a quadrant avalanche photodiode." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 21, no. 4 (2014): 708–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577514006730.

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The technical realisation and the commissioning experiments of a high-speed X-ray detector based on a quadrant avalanche silicon photodiode and high-speed digitizers are described. The development is driven by the need for X-ray detectors dedicated to time-resolved diffraction and imaging experiments, ideally requiring pulse-resolved data processing at the synchrotron bunch repetition rate. By a novel multi-photon detection scheme, the exact number of X-ray photons within each X-ray pulse can be recorded. Commissioning experiments at beamlines P08 and P10 of the storage ring PETRA III, at DESY, Hamburg, Germany, have been used to validate the pulse-wise multi-photon counting scheme at bunch frequencies ≥31 MHz, enabling pulse-by-pulse readout during the PETRA III 240-bunch mode with single-photon detection capability. An X-ray flux of ≥3.7 × 109 photons s−1can be detected while still resolving individual photons at low count rates.

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Ebinger, B., A. Borovik, B. M. Döhring, T. Molkentin, A. Müller, and S. Schippers. "Commissioning of a high-power electron gun for electron-ion crossed-beams experiments." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 875 (July 2017): 052037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/875/6/052037.

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Addicott, Rachael. "Challenges of commissioning and contracting for integrated care in the National Health Service (NHS) in England." Australian Journal of Primary Health 22, no. 1 (2016): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py15067.

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For many years there has been a separation between purchasing and provision of services in the English National Health Service (NHS). Many studies report that this commissioning function has been weak: purchasers have had little impact or power in negotiations with large acute providers, and have had limited strategic control over the delivery of care. Nevertheless, commissioning has become increasingly embedded in the NHS structure since the arrival of Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) in 2012. Recently, some of these CCGs have focused on how they can contract and commission in different ways to stimulate greater collaboration across providers. This paper examines experiences of commissioning and contracting for integrated care in the English NHS, based on a series of national-level interviews and case studies of five health economies that are implementing novel contracting models. The cases illustrated here demonstrate early experiments to drive innovation through contracting in the NHS that have largely relied on the vision of individual teams or leaders, in combination with external legal, procurement and actuarial support. It is unlikely that this approach will be sustainable or replicable across the country or internationally, despite the best intentions of commissioners. Designing and operating novel contractual approaches will require considerable determination, alongside advanced skills in procurement, contract management and commissioning. The cost of developing new contractual approaches is high, and as the process is difficult and resource-intensive, it is likely that dedicated teams or programs will be required to drive significant improvement.

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Murray, Claire A., Jonathan Potter, Sarah J. Day, et al. "New synchrotron powder diffraction facility for long-duration experiments." Journal of Applied Crystallography 50, no. 1 (2017): 172–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576716019750.

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A new synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction instrument has been built and commissioned for long-duration experiments on beamline I11 at Diamond Light Source. The concept is unique, with design features to house multiple experiments running in parallel, in particular with specific stages for sample environments to study slow kinetic systems or processes. The instrument benefits from a high-brightness X-ray beam and a large area detector. Diffraction data from the commissioning work have shown that the objectives and criteria are met. Supported by two case studies, the results from months of measurements have demonstrated the viability of this large-scale instrument, which is the world's first dedicated facility for long-term studies (weeks to years) using synchrotron radiation.

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Boin, Mirko, Robert Charles Wimpory, and Christian Randau. "Improving Beamtime Efficiency for Residual Stress Neutron Experiments." Materials Science Forum 777 (February 2014): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.777.7.

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Starting during the shut-down of the HZB research reactor BER-II in 2011/2012 the E3 residual stress and texture diffractometer in Berlin underwent a comprehensive upgrade. The investments were broken down into different criteria, such as enhancing the instrument performance and accuracy as well as extending the range of applications for the user community. Here, we report about the gains achieved after integrating and commissioning the individual hardware and software tools included in the upgrade project, namely a motorized primary slit to accurately adjust the gauge volume, a secondary optics radial collimator and a laser scanner to precisely and quickly align the sample. The integration of the presented devices is further supported by software developments to shorten the instrument alignment procedure and measurement time. The upgrade has improved the efficiency of the available neutron beamtime.

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Hruntovich, Mikolay, Deniz Moroz, Alexey Panfilov, Yegor Zhuk, and Ekaterina Mikhailova. "Vibration Diagnostics of Power Equipment Before Commissioning." E3S Web of Conferences 178 (2020): 01031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017801031.

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The article describes how to use vibration diagnostics to detect defects in the installation of new equipment and to determine the quality of repairs based on vibroacoustic characteristics. Especially relevant is the vibration diagnostics of rolling bearings before installation on the mechanism. If there are errors in the calculations of the magnetic system of synchronous generators, vibration occurs, which is not eliminated during operation. Design errors, poor assembly of pumping units, asynchronous motors, power transformers cause increased vibration, which leads to damage to the specified equipment. The main reasons causing the vibration of the transformer tank are considered and the frequency range from 50 to 6000 Hz is determined on which these defects can occur. Full-scale experiments of the vibration of the transformer tank have shown that certain defects can occur in a narrow frequency band. The practical application vibration diagnostics of the pump unit describes in this article. Technical diagnosis of pumping units of the sewer station was carried out for various included composition. The results obtained made it possible to exclude reverse hydraulic impacts as a possible cause of the failure of the pump unit.

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Thompson, Stephen P., Julia E. Parker, Julien Marchal, et al. "Fast X-ray powder diffraction on I11 at Diamond." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 18, no. 4 (2011): 637–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049511013641.

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The commissioning and performance characterization of a position-sensitive detector designed for fast X-ray powder diffraction experiments on beamline I11 at Diamond Light Source are described. The detecting elements comprise 18 detector-readout modules of MYTHEN-II silicon strip technology tiled to provide 90° coverage in 2θ. The modules are located in a rigid housing custom designed at Diamond with control of the device fully integrated into the beamline data acquisition environment. The detector is mounted on the I11 three-circle powder diffractometer to provide an intrinsic resolution of Δ2θ ≃ 0.004°. The results of commissioning and performance measurements using reference samples (Si and AgI) are presented, along with new results from scientific experiments selected to demonstrate the suitability of this facility for powder diffraction experiments where conventional angle scanning is too slow to capture rapid structural changes. The real-time dehydrogenation of MgH2, a potential hydrogen storage compound, is investigated along with ultrafast high-throughput measurements to determine the crystallite quality of different samples of the metastable carbonate phase vaterite (CaCO3) precipitated and stabilized in the presence of amino acid molecules in a biomimetic synthesis process.

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IANNI, ALDO. "STATUS OF BOREXINO." International Journal of Modern Physics A 18, no. 22 (2003): 3895–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x03017245.

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Borexino is a real-time solar neutrino detector under commissioning at the Gran Sasso underground laboratories (Italy). The main goal of the experiment is the spectroscopy of sub-MeV solar neutrinos focusing on the measurement of the 7 Be neutrino flux on Earth. In order to achieve such a goal Borexino has developed a new technology for large-scale low-count rate experiments. This paper reviews the status of the experiment and the strategy adopted to reach a high level of radiopurity. Besides its primary task Borexino will also be able to search for SuperNova neutrinos, non-standard neutrinos properties and neutrino from the Earth.

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WEN, Guoguan, Mingliang ZHANG, and Qingping DOU. "Experimental Instructional Design of Code Slicing and Data Verification by Artificial Interruption." Computer and Information Science 13, no. 3 (2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/cis.v13n3p49.

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Students run code directly without any modification when doing programming experiments. They do not care about the process and do not understand the results. It has always been the pain of the electronic information experiment teaching mentioned by. This article, combines the previous teaching experience, proposes an artificial serial port interruption in the code. The result data returned by the interrupt upload to computer or mobile phone, combined with the experimental principle to allow students to explore the relationship between input and output, so that students can fully participate in the modification of code parameters, and verify the intermediate results. Students connect to the WIFI hotspot configured in the experiment box through their mobile phones, and lunch the online commissioning APP serial port configuration interface to complete the basic serial port settings. The slave MCU needs to download the firmware code compiled in C language in advance. The code contains the serial port output function to calibrate the running position of the code and upload the specified operation results. This article briefly describes the hardware functional chart and the functional flowchart of the interrupt code; focusing on the interface design and interrupt implementation method of online commissioning APP, as well as the test environment setup and specific test results with serial port tools.

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Iles, Gail, and Susan Schorr. "Commissioning the Neutron Laue Diffractometer in Berlin." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C1742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314082576.

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The Fast Acquisition Laue Camera for Neutrons (FALCON) is a thermal neutron Laue diffractometer situated in the experimental hall of the BER-II reactor at HZB in Berlin. The thermal beamtube, D1S, delivers a stream of neutrons direct to FALCON just 8m from the reactor core but with a low gamma radiation count. FALCON benefits from a beam that does not pass through any objects upstream whilst a beam definer delivers a highly focused neutron beam to the instrument with <10divergence. The instrument comprises two scintillator plate detectors coupled to four iCCD cameras each. The neutron beam passes through the detector units enabling one detector to be placed in the backscattering position and the second detector in the transmission position. The image-intensified CCDs are capable of obtaining 20-bit digitization Laue images in under ten seconds and variable sample table and detector positions allow a full range of sample environments to be utilised. Scientifically, FALCON offers the opportunity to study samples from a wide range of fields for example; low-temperature magnetic studies, high-temperature structural phase transitions, in-situ kinetics studies and point-defect analysis in compound semiconductors. Data from FALCON can be used to solve crystallographic structures and as a neutron instrument it has all the advantages of neutrons as a probe for condensed matter, for instance, identification of the location of hydrogen atoms within structures and differentiation between electronically similar elements. FALCON will now enter the commissioning phase using in-house samples to test both ambient and sample environment conditions on the instrument. We present here details of the upcoming commissioning tests and invite users to submit proposals for Laue diffraction experiments.

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Popov, Dmitry. "Testing and verification of the LHCb Simulation." EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019): 02043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921402043.

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Monte-Carlo simulation is a fundamental tool for high-energy physics experiments, from the design phase to data analysis. In recent years its relevance has increased due to the ever growing measurements precision. Accuracy and reliability are essential features in simulation and particularly important in the current phase of the LHCb experiment, where physics analysis and preparation for data taking with the upgraded detector need to be performed at the same time. In this paper we will give an overview of the full chain of tests and procedures implemented for the LHCb Simulation software stack to ensure the quality of its results. The tests comprise simple checks to validate new software contributions in a nightlies system as well as more elaborate checks to probe simple physics and software quantities for performance and regression verifications. Commissioning of a new major version of the simulation software for production implies also validating its impact using a few physics anlayses. A new system for Simulation Data Quality (SimDQ) that is being put in place to help in the first phase of commissioning and for fast verification of all samples produced is also discussed.

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Lee, Chih-Hao, Ching-Shiang Hwang, Poh-Kun Tseng, et al. "The commissioning of a flexible low-cost multipurpose X-ray beamline at SRRC." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 5, no. 3 (1998): 512–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049598001381.

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A low-cost multipurpose X-ray beamline has been commissioned at the bending magnet B15 of the Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (SRRC). The beamline is constructed in such a way to accommodate the various needs of small research consortia, from universities or research institutes, whose requirements of a beamline facility are quite diverse while under limited funding support. Flexibility is the special feature of this beamline. It is capable of performing quick test measurements without a prolonged reviewing process. Switching between different techniques, such as white-beam irradiation, EXAFS and X-ray scattering, can be achieved within 1 h. Novel experiments, such as energy-dispersive small-angle scattering experiments and energy-dispersive reflectivity measurements, can also be performed.

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Meyer, M., T. M. Baumann, A. Achner, et al. "The Small Quantum System (SQS) Instrument at European XFEL: Results of commissioning and first experiments." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1412 (January 2020): 112005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1412/11/112005.

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Laksman, Joakim, Jens Buck, Leif Glaser, et al. "Commissioning of a photoelectron spectrometer for soft X-ray photon diagnostics at the European XFEL." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 26, no. 4 (2019): 1010–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577519003552.

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Commissioning and first operation of an angle-resolved photoelectron spectrometer for non-invasive shot-to-shot diagnostics at the European XFEL soft X-ray beamline are described. The objective with the instrument is to provide the users and operators with reliable pulse-resolved information regarding photon energy and polarization that opens up a variety of applications for novel experiments but also hardware optimization.

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Khakhulin, Dmitry, Florian Otte, Mykola Biednov, et al. "Ultrafast X-ray Photochemistry at European XFEL: Capabilities of the Femtosecond X-ray Experiments (FXE) Instrument." Applied Sciences 10, no. 3 (2020): 995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10030995.

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Time-resolved X-ray methods are widely used for monitoring transient intermediates over the course of photochemical reactions. Ultrafast X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies as well as elastic X-ray scattering deliver detailed electronic and structural information on chemical dynamics in the solution phase. In this work, we describe the opportunities at the Femtosecond X-ray Experiments (FXE) instrument of European XFEL. Guided by the idea of combining spectroscopic and scattering techniques in one experiment, the FXE instrument has completed the initial commissioning phase for most of its components and performed first successful experiments within the baseline capabilities. This is demonstrated by its currently 115 fs (FWHM) temporal resolution to acquire ultrafast X-ray emission spectra by simultaneously recording iron Kα and Kβ lines, next to wide angle X-ray scattering patterns on a photoexcited aqueous solution of [Fe(bpy)3]2+, a transition metal model compound.

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Cui, Hong Mei, Ling Fei Ke, Han Bing Qi, and Li Yun Chen. "The Study on Experiments of Oilfield Wastewater Treatment by Microwave-Assisted Demulsification." Advanced Materials Research 599 (November 2012): 516–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.599.516.

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Oily wastewater from oil field by microwave induced and catalytic demulsification was studied in this paper. The advantages and prospects of the microwave technology was analyzed. Microwave treatment of oilfield wastewater has advantages such as equipment occupies a small space, easy to operate, portable, easy to transport, easy to installation and commissioning, short reaction time, high efficiency, discharge water which has good quality, temperature and other factors do not affect the treatment oilfield wastewater effect and so on. Microwave also has a bactericidal effect which was applicable to treat oilfield wastewater in both South and North of China. When the processing time is 2.5 min at temperature 57°C, microwave demulsification has the best effect. Based on the research of microwave demulsifucation mechanism, a conclusion is reached that microwave heating effect and microwave catalytic eddect play a leading role on the demulsification.

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Liermann, H. P., Z. Konôpková, K. Appel, et al. "Novel experimental setup for megahertz X-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell at the High Energy Density (HED) instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL)." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 28, no. 3 (2021): 688–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577521002551.

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The high-precision X-ray diffraction setup for work with diamond anvil cells (DACs) in interaction chamber 2 (IC2) of the High Energy Density instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser is described. This includes beamline optics, sample positioning and detector systems located in the multipurpose vacuum chamber. Concepts for pump–probe X-ray diffraction experiments in the DAC are described and their implementation demonstrated during the First User Community Assisted Commissioning experiment. X-ray heating and diffraction of Bi under pressure, obtained using 20 fs X-ray pulses at 17.8 keV and 2.2 MHz repetition, is illustrated through splitting of diffraction peaks, and interpreted employing finite element modeling of the sample chamber in the DAC.

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Sels, S., R. Ferrer, K. Dockx, et al. "Design and commissioning of an ion guide system for In-Gas Laser Ionization and Spectroscopy experiments." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 463 (January 2020): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2019.06.005.

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Chandran, Sona, Bhaskar Biswas, Arvind Kumar та ін. "The IR-FEL facility at RRCAT: Commissioning experiments and first saturation of lasing at 28μm wavelength". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 1003 (липень 2021): 165321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2021.165321.

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Nagler, Bob, Brice Arnold, Gary Bouchard, et al. "The Matter in Extreme Conditions instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 22, no. 3 (2015): 520–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515004865.

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The LCLS beam provides revolutionary capabilities for studying the transient behavior of matter in extreme conditions. The particular strength of the Matter in Extreme Conditions instrument is that it combines the unique LCLS beam with high-power optical laser beams, and a suite of dedicated diagnostics tailored for this field of science. In this paper an overview of the beamline, the capabilities of the instrumentation, and selected highlights of experiments and commissioning results are presented.

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ZHAN, WENLONG, HUSHAN XU, ZHIYU SUN, et al. "PRESENT STATUS OF HIRFL IN LANZHOU." International Journal of Modern Physics E 15, no. 08 (2006): 1941–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301306005526.

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HIRFL has been upgraded for basic research on nuclear physics, atomic physics, irradiative material and biology from beginning of this decade. So far, the main performances of HIRFL have improved in the beam species from light ion to uranium and the maximum beam intensities reaching ~10μA from SFC, 1.5 μA from SSC. Therefore, some experiments have been performed during this period, especially, on new isotope synthesis and unstable nuclear physics. The new upgrading project Cooling Storage Ring (CSR) is under commissioning by ~2p μA carbon beam stripping injection. About 109 C ion have stored inside CSRm, and part of them have been cooling down by the electron cooler. The acceleration of CSRm also has been test successful. Some future experiment are under development.

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Ramstein, B., J. Adamczewski-Musch, O. Arnold, et al. "Time-Like Baryon Transitions studies with HADES." EPJ Web of Conferences 199 (2019): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201919901008.

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The HADES collaboration uses the e+e− production as a probe of the resonance matter produced in collisions at incident energies of 1-3.5 GeV/nucleon at GSI. Elementary reactions provide useful references for these studies and give information on resonance Dalitz decays (R→Ne+e−). Such processes are sensitive to the structure of time-like electromagnetic baryon transitions in a kinematic range where (off-shell) vector mesons play a crucial role. Results obtained in proton-proton reactions and in a commissioning pion-beam experiment are reported and prospects for future pion beam experiments and for first hyperon Dalitz decay measurements are described. The connection with the investigations of medium effects to be continued with HADES in the next years at SIS18 and SIS100 is also discussed.

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Bencivenga, Filippo, Marco Zangrando, Cristian Svetina, et al. "Experimental setups for FEL-based four-wave mixing experiments at FERMI." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 23, no. 1 (2016): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515021104.

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The recent advent of free-electron laser (FEL) sources is driving the scientific community to extend table-top laser research to shorter wavelengths adding elemental selectivity and chemical state specificity. Both a compact setup (mini-TIMER) and a separate instrument (EIS-TIMER) dedicated to four-wave-mixing (FWM) experiments has been designed and constructed, to be operated as a branch of the Elastic and Inelastic Scattering beamline: EIS. The FWM experiments that are planned at EIS-TIMER are based on the transient grating approach, where two crossed FEL pulses create a controlled modulation of the sample excitations while a third time-delayed pulse is used to monitor the dynamics of the excited state. This manuscript describes such experimental facilities, showing the preliminary results of the commissioning of the EIS-TIMER beamline, and discusses original experimental strategies being developed to study the dynamics of matter at the fs–nm time–length scales. In the near future such experimental tools will allow more sophisticated FEL-based FWM applications, that also include the use of multiple and multi-color FEL pulses.

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Doria, D., M. O. Cernaianu, P. Ghenuche, et al. "Overview of ELI-NP status and laser commissioning experiments with 1 PW and 10 PW class-lasers." Journal of Instrumentation 15, no. 09 (2020): C09053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/15/09/c09053.

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Bansmer, Stephan E., Arne Baumert, Stephan Sattler, et al. "Design, construction and commissioning of the Braunschweig Icing Wind Tunnel." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 11, no. 6 (2018): 3221–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-3221-2018.

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Abstract. Beyond its physical importance in both fundamental and climate research, atmospheric icing is considered as a severe operational condition in many engineering applications like aviation, electrical power transmission and wind-energy production. To reproduce such icing conditions in a laboratory environment, icing wind tunnels are frequently used. In this paper, a comprehensive overview on the design, construction and commissioning of the Braunschweig Icing Wind Tunnel is given. The tunnel features a test section of 0.5 m × 0.5 m with peak velocities of up to 40 m s−1. The static air temperature ranges from −25 to +30 ∘C. Supercooled droplet icing with liquid water contents up to 3 g m−3 can be reproduced. The unique aspect of this facility is the combination of an icing tunnel with a cloud chamber system for making ice particles. These ice particles are more realistic in shape and density than those usually used for mixed phase and ice crystal icing experiments. Ice water contents up to 20 g m−3 can be generated. We further show how current state-of-the-art measurement techniques for particle sizing are performed on ice particles. The data are compared to those of in-flight measurements in mesoscale convective cloud systems in tropical regions. Finally, some applications of the icing wind tunnel are presented.

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BHAT, C. M. "THE MAIN INJECTOR FACILITY: A NEW TOOL FOR HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AT FERMILAB." International Journal of Modern Physics A 16, supp01c (2001): 1187–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01009272.

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The Main Injector(MI) and the Recycler Ring (RR) are newly built synchrotrons in the Fermilab Accelerator complex. Many new features have been incorporated in their design and are tested. MI has already served as a 150 GeV proton injector to the Tevatron during the final stages of 1998-1999 800 GeV fixed target HEP experiments. Presently, MI is in use for collider Run-II commissioning. The MI and the RR will play major roles in the future HEP programs at Fermilab.

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Hu, J., R. Guo, X. Zhu, G. Baier, and Y. Wang. "NON-LOCAL MEANS FILTER FOR POLARIMETRIC SAR SPECKLE REDUCTION-EXPERIMENTS USING TERRASAR-X DATA." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-3/W4 (March 11, 2015): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-3-w4-71-2015.

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The speckle is omnipresent in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images as an intrinsic characteristic. However, it is unwanted in certain applications. Therefore, intelligent filters for speckle reduction are of great importance. It has been demonstrated in several literatures that the non-local means filter can reduce noise while preserving details. This paper discusses non-local means filter for polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) speckle reduction. The impact of different similarity approaches, weight kernels, and parameters in the filter were analysed. A data-driven adaptive weight kernel was proposed. Combined with different similarity measures, it is compared with existing algorithms, using fully polarimetric TerraSAR-X data acquired during the commissioning phase. The proposed approach has overall the best performance in terms of speckle reduction, detail preservation, and polarimetric information preservation. This study suggests the high potential of using the developed non- local means filer for speckle reduction of PolSAR data acquired by the next generation SAR missions, e.g. TanDEM-L and TerraSAR-X NG.

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Erk, Benjamin, Jan P. Müller, Cédric Bomme, et al. "CAMP@FLASH: an end-station for imaging, electron- and ion-spectroscopy, and pump–probe experiments at the FLASH free-electron laser." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 5 (2018): 1529–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518008585.

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The non-monochromatic beamline BL1 at the FLASH free-electron laser facility at DESY was upgraded with new transport and focusing optics, and a new permanent end-station, CAMP, was installed. This multi-purpose instrument is optimized for electron- and ion-spectroscopy, imaging and pump–probe experiments at free-electron lasers. It can be equipped with various electron- and ion-spectrometers, along with large-area single-photon-counting pnCCD X-ray detectors, thus enabling a wide range of experiments from atomic, molecular, and cluster physics to material and energy science, chemistry and biology. Here, an overview of the layout, the beam transport and focusing capabilities, and the experimental possibilities of this new end-station are presented, as well as results from its commissioning.

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Stone, Luke, Stefan Zigan, Lahiru L. Lulbadda Waduge, and David B. Hastie. "A Modelling and Validation Approach for Predicting Particle Concentrations of Airborne Dust during the Filling Process of Cylindrical Silos." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (2021): 1794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041794.

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Traditionally, when undertaking feasibility studies for designing new storage facilities such as storage silos, engineers will extract design information from experiments and evaluate potential risks associated with health and safety, suitability design for reliable material flow, and quality of products. The simulation approach applied incorporates Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), and Discrete Element Modelling (DEM) approaches and experimental tests will be used for validating these simulation results. One important aspect related to handling fine and dusty materials (particles smaller than 100 microns) is the associated risk of dust explosions, which needs to be evaluated before the commissioning of storage silos; to evaluate the accumulation of fines during the silo filling process, simulations and experiments were conducted. Alumina and salt were used here as reference materials for calibration and the validation purposes. The validation efforts are significant due to the fact that the data that is accessible in simulations is vastly different to the accessible data in experiments, which is restricted by measurement techniques and equipment. Such restrictions are observed in the evaluation of particle concentrations in a large confined volume. A new methodology has been developed to evaluate concentrations in both simulations and experiments by employing a non-dimensional factor [k], here called “Concentration Rank Factor” (CRF). A significant finding of this research is that experiments and simulations can be compared using CRF. It has been found to be within 2% of the experiment averaged value of 0.64.

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Morris, W. D. "A Rotating Facility to Study Heat Transfer in the Cooling Passages of Turbine Rotor Blades." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 210, no. 1 (1996): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1996_210_008_02.

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This paper describes a new research facility designed to study the effect of rotation on heat transfer in the cooling channels of gas turbine rotor blades. Rotation influences cooling performance via secondary flows generated because of Coriolis forces and centripetal buoyancy. The resulting complex three-dimensional flow creates asymmetric heat transfer over the channel surface. The research facility has been designed to permit experiments to be undertaken that are near to actual engine conditions. The paper includes details of the design philosophy, construction and commissioning of the facility, together with a selection of experimental data.

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Barla, Alessandro, Josep Nicolás, Daniele Cocco, et al. "Design and performance of BOREAS, the beamline for resonant X-ray absorption and scattering experiments at the ALBA synchrotron light source." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 23, no. 6 (2016): 1507–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577516013461.

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The optical design of the BOREAS beamline operating at the ALBA synchrotron radiation facility is described. BOREAS is dedicated to resonant X-ray absorption and scattering experiments using soft X-rays, in an unusually extended photon energy range from 80 to above 4000 eV, and with full polarization control. Its optical scheme includes a fixed-included-angle, variable-line-spacing grating monochromator and a pair of refocusing mirrors, equipped with benders, in a Kirkpatrick–Baez arrangement. It is equipped with two end-stations, one for X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and the other for resonant magnetic scattering. The commissioning results show that the expected beamline performance is achieved both in terms of energy resolution and of photon flux at the sample position.

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Garza, J. G., S. Aune, F. Aznar, et al. "Micromegas for dark matter searches: CAST/IAXO & TREX-DM experiments." EPJ Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817401008.

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The most compelling candidates for Dark Matter to day are WIMPs and axions. The applicability of gasesous Time Projection Chambers (TPCs) with Micromesh Gas Structures (Micromegas) to the search of these particles is explored within this work. Both particles would produce an extremely low rate at very low energies in particle detectors. Micromegas detectors can provide both low background rates and low energy threshold, due to the high granularity, radiopurity and uniformity of the readout. Small (few cm wide) Micromegas detectors are used to image the axion-induced x-ray signal expected in the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) experiment. We show the background levels obtained in CAST and the prospects to further reduce them to the values required by the Internation Axion Observatory (IAXO). We also present TREX-DM, a scaled-up version of the Micromegas used in axion research, but this time dedicated to the low-mass WIMP detection. TREX-DM is a high-pressure Micromegas-based TPC designed to host a few hundreds of grams of light nuclei (argon or neon) with energy thresholds potentially at the level of 100 eV. The detector is described in detail, as well as the results of the commissioning and characterization phase on surface. Besides, the background model of TREX-DM is presented, along with the anticipated sensitivity of this search, which could go beyond current experimental limits.

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Nicholas, David, Kevin Harris, and Gertrud Erbach. "Time-Life, World Reporter and the secretary: experiments with end-users." Journal of Information Science 12, no. 4 (1986): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016555158601200403.

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After six months of training Time-Life book researchers to use online databases it is clear that they will not become end-users overnight—despite plentiful training, good facilities, user-friendly interfaces and the like. The reasons for this are less clear but high on the list come: a lack of time (to learn and maintain the necessary searching skills); a general reluctance to abandon the tried and tested—and often pleasurable—con ventional information retrieval methods (there is certainly nothing to suggest that the computer is going to replace the telephone as an information source); and the low priority given to the (formal) information-seeking component of the job (high priority being given to the more visible and pressing elements, like writing and commissioning pictures). There is little in Time-Life's online experience to lend support to the belief that there will be wide-scale end-user searching in the near future. Online will find its place in the array of information retrieval methods at the disposal of the user and will undoubtedly be used where manual methods have failed: it is unlikely, however, to supplant manual systems that work well and are well-liked. Secretaries do appear to be well-qualified, and in an excel lent position to become a major end-user group and might indeed pose a threat to the librarian intermediary in the near future.

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Austregesilo, Alexander. "Light-Meson Spectroscopy at GlueX." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 46 (January 2018): 1860029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194518600297.

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GlueX at Jefferson Lab aims to study the light meson spectrum with an emphasis on the search for light hybrid mesons. To this end, a linearly-polarized [Formula: see text]GeV photon beam impinges on a hydrogen target contained within a hermetic detector with near-complete neutral and charged particle coverage. In 2016, the experiment completed its commissioning and subsequently started to take data in its design configuration. With the size of the data set so far, GlueX already exceeds previous experiments for polarized photoproduction in this energy regime. A selection of early results will be presented, focusing on beam asymmetries for pseudo-scalar and vector mesons. The potential to make significant contributions to the field of light-meson spectroscopy is highlighted by the observation of several known meson resonances. Furthermore, the strategy to map the light meson spectrum with amplitude analysis tools will be outlined.

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Tang, C. C., G. Bushnell-Wye, and R. J. Cernik. "New high- and low-temperature apparatus for synchrotron polycrystalline X-ray diffraction." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 5, no. 3 (1998): 929–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049597015513.

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A high-temperature furnace with an induction heater coil and a cryogenic system based on closed-cycle refrigeration have been assembled to enhance the non-ambient powder diffraction facilities at the Synchrotron Radiation Source, Daresbury Laboratory. The commissioning of the high- and low-temperature devices on the high-resolution powder diffractometer of Station 2.3 is described. The combined temperature range provided by the furnace/cryostat is 10–1500 K. Results from Fe and NH4Br powder samples are presented to demonstrate the operation of the apparatus. The developments presented in this paper are applicable to a wide range of other experiments and diffraction geometries.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Commissioning experiments'

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