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1
Laver, John Poynton, and n/a. "The Public Accounts Committee: pursuing probity and effeciency in the Australian Public Service: the origins, work, nature and purpose of the Commonwealth's Public Accounts Committee." University of Canberra. Management, 1997. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050621.150413.
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The Commonwealth parliament's Public Accounts Committee (PAC) was established
in 1913 and to the end of 1995 had produced 397 reports on government expenditure
and administration, with almost all its recommendations implemented by government.
However despite the Committee's prominence among the instruments parliament
has used to oversight the executive, not only does it lack clear legislative authority
for major areas of its activities but its specific purpose is not defined in its legislation.
Among other things the latter omission renders proper evaluation of the PAC's
effectiveness impossible, as objectives are a necessary prerequisite to assessment.
This thesis establishes the de facto purpose of the Committee by tracing the
development of standing public accounts committees generally, and by analysing
the PAC's work as shown by its output of tabled reports.
In that development, six evolutionary phases are identified:
the PAC's roots in the move to a parliamentary control of the administration of
government expenditure in Britain from the 1780s;
its genesis in the 1850s with the concept of the standing public accounts
committee, to be concerned with regularity and probity in government
expenditure;
its origins in the establishment of the British standing public accounts committee ,
in 1861, stressing high standards of government accounting, audit and reporting;
its establishment in the Commonwealth, concentrating on information on
departmental activities, efficient implementation of government programs and
provision of policy advice;
its re-establishment in 1951, stressing parliamentary control of government
financial administration; and
its operations from 1980, pressing for economic fundamentalist change in the
public sector.
Their output shows that in these phases the committees concerned displayed
characteristic standing public accounts committee activism and independence in
utilising the wording of their enabling documentation to adapt themselves to changes
in their environment by pursuing a corresponding different mix of one or more of
the following concurrent immediate aims:
ensuring adequate systems of government accounting, audit and reporting;
ensuring probity and regularity in departmental expenditure;
obtaining and disseminating information on departmental activities;
ensuring high standards of departmental administration and management;
providing policy advice to executive government; and
ensuring economic, efficient and effective government spending.
Together these attributes and practices have made the PAC a parliamentary instrument
of unequalled flexibility with a single continuing underlying aim - a purpose not
concerning the public accounts per se, but directed at achieving high standards of
management and administration in government by calling the Commonwealth's public
service to account for its expenditure and activities.
2
Botes, Cobus. "Adopting the Public Accounts Committee Model for financial oversight in South African municipalities - a case study of the Public Accounts Committee in the City of Cape Town." Thesis, University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6799.
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Thesis (MPA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.Since its inception in 1861 when the first public accounts committee was established in the United Kingdom, this oversight mechanism has developed into a model for non-executive financial oversight and accountability at the national and provincial levels of government throughout the Commonwealth and beyond. A few municipalities in South Africa have also established public accounts committees, but they are a few isolated cases. The hesitance on the part of South African municipalities to establish a good governance mechanism with a proven track record is a cause of concern, especially in view of the poor financial management that prevails throughout the local sphere of government. In this case study of the public accounts committee established in the City of Cape Town in 2006, the researcher explores the feasibility of the implementation of the public accounts committee model within the local government sphere in South Africa. Twenty internationally recognised public accounts committee practices were identified and used to probe the selected case to gain in-depth knowledge of the extent to which the committee adheres to these recognised practices. Where the committee deviated from accepted practices, the reasons for the deviation and its impact on the effectiveness of the committee were analysed. Finally, the key lessons learnt from the experience of the public accounts committee in the City of Cape Town are used in order to make two sets of recommendations: Firstly, recommendations on how the public accounts committee of the City of Cape Town can become more effective than it currently is – recommendations which are also relevant to any municipality wishing to establish a public accounts committee. The second set of recommendations is addressed to the national authorities in charge of finance and local government, as the challenge of establishing improved governance systems in local government is of national importance, and it is within the power of these authorities to remove a few key obstacles in the way of establishing municipal public accounts committees.
3
Nomonde, Xego. "The role of municipal public accounts committee in the financial management of Intsika Yethu local municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1007958.
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In an attempt to address the challenges of audit queries in a sustainable way and improve service delivery. Municipality should deal with causes of disclaimer and adverse opinion which are reflected on their audit report. This study focuses on the role of the Municipal Public Accounts Committee in the financial management of the Intsika Yethu Local Municipality. Challenges facing the Municipal Public Accounts Committee include lack of capacity, lack of co-operation from municipal departments and lack of knowledge and skill in municipal management. This study investigated the role of the Municipal Public Accounts Committee in the financial management of the Intsika Yethu Local Municipality. Particular attention was paid to the various roles played by the Municipal Public Accounts Committee making a contribution towards improving municipal financial management.
4
Matebese-Notshulwana, Koliswa M. "A Critical Analysis of the Oversight Role and Function of the Standing Committee on Public Accounts (SCOPA) in Promoting Accountability in South Africa’s Public Sector." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/76749.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis, A Critical Analysis of the Oversight Role and Function of the Standing Committee on Public Accounts (SCOPA) in Promoting Accountability in South Africa’s Public Sector, looks at the underlying problem of financial mismanagement in the public sector in relation to public accountability in South Africa. This problem has manifested in growing wasteful, irregular and fruitless expenditure in a post-apartheid era confronted by a multitude of social-economic challenges. Post-1994, South Africa embarked on a series of policy and legislative reforms to cater for public service regulation. These include the 1999 Public Finance Management Act and the 2003 Municipal Finance Management Act.
South Africa is struggling with measures to counter corruption and the abuse of power. Given that South Africa has instituted and inaugurated a number of critical institutional mechanisms for legislative oversight, the study seeks to explore the reasons for the rampant problems of non-compliance, unaccountability and lack of answerability within South Africa’s public sector since these have serious implications for the future of the country and its ability to address inequalities relating to the history of exclusion of the majority black people, especially Africans.
In light of this growing problem of irregular and wasteful expenditure, the study seeks to locate the role and function of SCOPA as a key parliamentary tool for advancing accountability. The primary research question of the study is: Why is there a growing problem of financial misconduct and abuse of public funds in the public sector, despite the existence of SCOPA as a parliamentary oversight mechanism?
After considering various theories, the study employs Institutionalism as preferred theory of choice because of its explanatory strength regarding oversight issues. The strands of institutional theory used in this study is the blending of neo-institutionalism and historical institutional. Methodologically, this six-chapter thesis, employs a qualitative research approach based on semi-structured interviews and desk-top methods of data collection. The findings reveal the significance of the role and function of SCOPA in maintaining effective financial management to promote accountability.
However, the conclusion of this study is that, notwithstanding the good intentions underlying the oversight role of SCOPA, democratic South Africa's financial management continues to be afflicted by corruption, fraud and theft. Failure to take action against cases of fraud and corruption brings into question the effectiveness and efficiency of the oversight role of parliament, which includes good governance and democratic accountability in the public sector and affect socio-economic development and prosperity.
The study recommends remedies to bring financial management in the public sector in line with the principles of good governance and promotion of accountability. More importantly, the study recommends that the legislature in South Africa is empowered to exercise its oversight role on the executive on that SCOPA should not be politically interfered with.
In this regard, it is hoped that the study provides insight and make an important contribution in strengthening oversight and reducing wasteful, irregular and fruitless expenditure so that national resources are used prudently to address the challenges facing South Africa.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Political Sciences
PhD
Unrestricted
5
Kunene, Nomfanelo Ntombifuthi Nolwazi. "Grand corruption in Swaziland : a critical analysis of the state's response." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5398.
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Wallace, Kirsten. "Financial control and management by committee at J & P Coats Ltd., 1890-1960." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269574.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the management of one of Britain's most important multination companies, J & P Coats Ltd., for the time period 1890-1960, a topic which has not hitherto fore been examined in detail. In particular, the thesis will look at the firm's financial and accounting systems, insofar as the surviving records permit, going on to examine the system of committees by means of which the enterprise was controlled and directed over the time concerned. The thesis reveals that the financial system run by the company reflects the tight control exercised by the committee system, and indeed, was indispensable to it. As a theoretical focus, the study compares what is found with the writings of Alfred D. Chandler Jnr., who held that, in general, British family capital and management of businesses inhibited their growth and development as compared with firms in the USA, in particular. The thesis concludes that Coats did not fit this interpretation, and was highly successful in spite of departing from the M-Form organisational structure regarded by Chandler as the key to the success of large American enterprises. The thesis also highlights some errors made by Chandler in his discussion of J & P Coats. Chapter One deals with the sources used for the study as well as the theoretical focus, and provides a literature review. Chapter Two gives a short prehistory of J & P Coats up to 1890. Chapter Three sets the scene for the main part of the study by providing, for the first time, an outline business history of the firm between 1890 and 1960. Accounting systems and financial management arrangements are considered in Chapter Four, followed in Chapter Five by a detailed study of the management committees used to run J & P Coats. Chapter Six contains a final discussion and conclusions. It is clear from the above that the thesis makes a major contribution to knowledge in several ways. It provides the first in-depth study of the management of one of Britain's largest and most successful multinational companies, clarifying the relationships between organisational structure and financial arrangements. At the same time it provides evidence which further destabilises the theories of Chandler, concluding that Coats' approach to management, although in some ways unique, was appropriate to its aims.
7
Laver, John Poynton, and n/a. "The Public Works Committee : an anlysis and evaluation of the Australian Commonwealth's Parliamentary Standing Committee on Public Works." University of Canberra. Management, 1990. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060816.155712.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation analyses the origin, purposes, nature, operation
and achievements of the Commonwealth's Parliamentary Standing
Committee on Public Works (Public Works Committee - PWC),
and assesses its utility to parliament. The PWC originated in
1913 as a permanent committee of parliamentarians established to
examine government proposals for public works, and report on
them to parliament. Its purpose is to provide detailed data on
works proposals in order to allow informed voting. In the process
parliament also achieves a degree of control over government
- ministers and public servants. Unlike most parliamentary
audit of government expenditure, the PWC scrutinises proposals
before works are built. It is a joint, statutory, scrutiny
committee.
The proper role for parliamentary committees in general is the
checking of government, through influence, criticism, scrutiny,
and publicity. The PWC is assessed against this role through an
analysis of its legislation and operation, and interviews with
involved parliamentarians and bureaucrats. Criteria used include
adequacy of evidence obtained, precision and clarity of
reports, and degree of influence on government and acceptance of
recommendations. In these terms the PWC has little effect in
controlling policy making by the executive government - cabinet
and ministers. Moreover, specific amendment of its act together
with the consequential effects of nominally unrelated
legislation, have reduced the scope of Committee activities to
an estimated less than half of all Commonwealth public works.
This trend is continuing under current policies of corporatising
departmental activities and excluding the resulting statutory
corporations from PWC examination. These moves prevent parliament
playing its proper role in the governance of the country.
However, within the ambit of its powers, the PWC generally rates
highly against the above criteria, and exerts a significant
degree of parliamentary control over government administration -
the public service - in the implementation of public works.
8
Rowe, Michael Richard. "Public accountability : understanding through the accounts of others." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343541.
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This work reconsiders the meanings attached to the concept of public accountability. While formally central to the constitution in the UK, its meaning is a contested one. After reviewing the literature, the work situates the concept of accountability in two case studies, each a discretionary service provided to vulnerable individuals. In this context, the research critically reviews the way in which the concept of accountability operates in practice, and particularly whether it meets the expressed neeeds of individuals and groups to whom the services are accountable. The central arguments emerging from this work challenge the established meanings of the concept of accountability, ones associated with control, redress, responsibility and with blame. The formal accounts presented of each case study differed markedly from those presented by managers, frontline service providers, welfare rights advisers and user advocates. As such, these formal accounts were misleading, bearing little relationship to the experienceo of users. Rather, the work suggests the need for a more reflexive, socialising model in which accountability is a means to understanding the nature of public services through the stories, the accounts, others tell of those services. The actions of public servants are better understood in the light of the experience of applicants or users. In this sense it is more concerned with dialogue than it is with mechanisms of control. As such, this alternative conceptualisation of accountability presents both a challenge and an opportunity. Opening up a dialogue that genuinely includes the voices of vulnerable and excluded groups and that moves beyond the current language of blame and responsibility to embrace understanding requires a degree of political maturity and a cultural shift in the public sector. Yet, through such dialogue, there is the potential to better understand public services and, in consequence, raise standards. The work advocates the need to include the accounts of citizens in our understanding of public services and of the concept of accountability.
9
Novaes, Rodrigo Alves de. "Modernization of public accounts: an overview econometric Fortaleza 2009." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4169.
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nÃo hÃA legally correct application of the public resources is not enough nowadays. It is necessary for the Government and its administrators to strain to use the scarce means available in an efficient and effective way, searching support on modern techniques which admittedly can cause better results for the Administration. The purpose of this study is to recognize the procedure of licitations used on Brazilian public purchases and, with the Auctions Theory and econometric tools aid, to verify the aspects that can make the process more efficient and then, to compare the results gotten after the implantation of new licitation procedures with those observed previously. The methodology applied was a case study, as well as a documental and a bibliographical research on licitation and auction theory related subjects, and experimental, due to check the effect of some variables on Government savings gains on public buys. It has been concluded that the participation of a higher number of suppliers, the existence of a bidding competitive phase after knowing the initial proposes and the reduction of licitation time contribute for the expenditure decrease and that, for way of these factors, with the use of a new licitation procedure, it was possible for the Administration to get greater economy in its processes of acquisition. The study presents econometrics models that demonstrate the former conclusion, by analyzing licitations realized on different procedures on Fortaleza Air Base.
Uma aplicaÃÃo legalmente correta dos recursos pÃblicos nÃo basta nos dias atuais. à necessÃrio que o Governo e seus gestores envidem esforÃos para que os escassos meios disponÃveis sejam empregados de forma eficiente e eficaz, buscando para isso suporte em tÃcnicas modernas e que reconhecidamente possam trazer melhores resultados para a AdministraÃÃo. Este trabalho tem como objetivo reconhecer as modalidades licitatÃrias utilizadas nas compras pÃblicas do Brasil e, com o suporte da Teoria dos LeilÃes e de ferramentas economÃtricas, verificar os aspectos que possam tornÃ-las mais eficientes e, a partir de entÃo, comparar os resultados obtidos apÃs a implantaÃÃo do pregÃo com aqueles observados anteriormente. A metodologia aplicada foi o estudo de caso, bem como pesquisas bibliogrÃficas e documentais, quanto a assuntos relacionados a licitaÃÃes e teoria dos leilÃes, e experimentais, no intuito de verificar os efeitos de determinadas variÃveis no ganho em economia do Governo nas aquisiÃÃes pÃblicas. Concluiu-se que a participaÃÃo de um maior nÃmero de fornecedores, a existÃncia de uma fase competitiva de lances apÃs a verificaÃÃo das propostas iniciais e a reduÃÃo no tempo da licitaÃÃo colaboram para que haja reduÃÃo de gastos e que, por meio desses fatores, com a utilizaÃÃo do pregÃo, foi possÃvel à AdministraÃÃo obter maior economia em seus processos de aquisiÃÃo. A pesquisa apresenta modelos economÃtricos que retratam a conclusÃo anterior, por meio da anÃlise de licitaÃÃes realizadas em diferentes modalidades na Base AÃrea de Fortaleza.
10
Kelshaw, Todd Spencer. "Public meetings and public officials : officeholders' accounts of participatory and deliberative democratic encounters with citizens /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6169.
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Bridges, Susan Margaret, and n/a. "English Language Immersion: Theorising from Stakeholders' Accounts." Griffith University. School of Cognition, Language and Special Education, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060322.144245.
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This research is a case study of stakeholders' perceptions of learning and provision during a specific English language program. The pedagogical context of the program was clearly defined. English teachers from Hong Kong who had either Cantonese or Mandarin as their first language (L1) came to Australia for intensive language proficiency training and assessment. The Hong Kong government determined the program's syllabus, including assessment instruments and criteria in the Syllabus Specifications for the Language Proficiency Assessment for Teachers (English Language) (LPATE) (Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), 2000). The Australian provider had created the program from the specifications and had developed appropriate teaching and assessment materials for its implementation in all syllabus components. Additionally, the provider was responsible for administering and marketing the program. Delivery was in immersion mode with the Hong Kong teachers travelling to Australia and residing with Australian 'homestay' families for the 6-week program. The 'guiding issue/question' for the case study was: How did the multiple stakeholders perceive learning and provision? The study drew on a corpus of data collected from the perspectives of various stakeholders within provision of a 6-week in-service and education training program (INSET) (Bolam, 1986) for Chinese first language (L1) primary and secondary school teachers. Stakeholders represented in the study were teachers who participated as learners; the researcher who was a part-time language instructor; a course designer who was a full-time language instructor in the program; and an administrator who also held a wider role in the general marketing of INSET. Multiple forms of data were collected and analysed within a case study design (Stake, 1995, 2000). These included: a document analysis; pretest and posttest questionnaires; semi-structured interviews from individuals and focus groups; stimulated recall interviews from individuals; learner journals; and a researcher journal. Existing knowledge was reviewed through a search of literature, policies and accounts that examined four contextual layers that framed the study and situated it in terms of global, local and intercultural issues. Specifically, the layers were: (a) imperatives for Australian higher education to internationalise; (b) provision of INSET for teachers of English as a Second or Foreign Language (ESL/EFL); (c) language education and proficiency in Hong Kong; and (d) intercultural communication and culture learning as they pertained to an immersion program. While higher education institutions in Australia have recognised the imperative to internationalise, some recent initiatives are poorly researched. Bodycott and Crew (2001a, p. 23) noted a 'dearth' (p. 2) of literature surrounding short-term, immersion versions of INSET such as that used in the current research. A review of literature where INSET had been used for the education of language teachers provided important insights into issues that might affect learning and provision. These involved the extent to which teachers' home country contexts were included in the design and content of programs, whether 'one-off' programs could be effective in the long-term, and what models underpinned the current design of INSET. The major gaps in the literature were (a) reported research on INSET where it is delivered as a short-term, immersion program to South East Asian teachers; and (b) published work on the LPATE as a learning-teaching experience. The current study attempted to address these gaps. While there was an absence of literature on the specific context of the INSET under study, the literature did reveal ways for the teacher/researcher to objectify and reflect on INSET provision. Literature on interactionism and social constructivism provided insights into the role and effect of the teacher/researcher in a data-gathering process. The case study approach was reviewed and Stake's (1995, 2000) design used in the study within a theoretical framework of social constructivism. In its reporting, the case accounts for forces of change surrounding the participants' INSET. These included the internationalisation of Australian higher education and curriculum reform in Hong Kong. At more personal levels, participants provided reflective data throughout the immersion experience. These data from the Hong Kong teachers indicated perceptions of strong positive growth in their English proficiency. This is an outcome consistent with the purpose of the INSET, which was to improve and benchmark proficiency standards. The data also revealed that the teachers had learned much about pedagogy and culture, which formed insights into intercultural negotiation and learning. The providers - an administrator and an instructor - supported accounts their learners had given of learning and provision. Yet, each had particular views regarding what constituted success in delivery of an INSET. While the case study provided detailed explication of the 'nature' of this particular INSET, this researcher supports Crew and Bodycott's (2001) call for further, longitudinal research into the phenomenon. Drawing on findings from this study, specific research questions are suggested to investigate the effects of immersion INSET. Within the constraints of case study method, implications are drawn for the design and delivery of future short-term, immersion INSET. A detailed mapping of what stakeholders reported as culture learning and cross-cultural experiences provided an account of this aspect of the phenomenon. There was strong evidence that a component based on intercultural communication should be included in any future trial to inform INSET design. A new model, entitled 'Intercultural INSET', is proposed for future implementation and research. It incorporates domains of learning established from the case study data and is informed by a theoretical construct designed in the current study and termed, 'Positive Effect Chain'. The proposed model embeds the design within contexts significant to the teacher/participants and to their ongoing critical reflection. This ongoing reflection informs thinking about the proposed INSET course evaluation. Finally, the proposed model extends INSET into a post-immersion phase. This subsequent phase extends participants' INSET interaction, once they have returned to their own countries and to their work in home classrooms. The model seeks enduring and effective learning and requires trial and further study. The case study approach provided a successful vehicle for organising the data of the research and for framing the discussion. It also yielded indications as to the means by which INSET providers might structure ongoing feedback and assessment of their intended curriculum design. These indications are reflected in the proposed 'Intercultural INSET' design.
12
Benson, Krystina Lee. "The committee on public information : a transmedia war propaganda campaign." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/53820/1/Krystina_Benson_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis develops an understanding of how propaganda entered the realm of journalism and popular culture in the United States during World War I through an examination of materials created by the Committee on Public Information (CPI). The CPI was a US governmental propaganda organisation created during World War I to persuade the nation to mobilise for war. Three of its divisions were chosen for this study: the Division of News (DoN), the Division of Four Minute Men (FMM) and the Division of Pictorial Publicity (DPP). Chapter 1 provides a general context for the thesis, outlines the research questions and details previous research on the CPI. Chapter 2 outlines the methods of analysis for interpreting the case study chapters and provides contextual information.
The case studies are presented in Chapters 3, 4 and 5. These chapters are structured in the order of context, medium and content, and contain historical contextual information about each particular division, medialogical aspects of its propagated form and thematic groupings created from close reading of CPI materials. A semiotic analysis in the Peircian tradition is also performed on visual forms of propaganda in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 discusses how the expectations of persuasion, truth and amusement relate to each other when mediated in culture, using Lotman’s concept of the semiosphere. This further develops an understanding of propaganda as a cultural system in relation to other cultural systems – in this case, journalism and popular culture. Chapter 7 provides conclusions about the study, outlines relative strengths and weaknesses regarding the selection and deployment of methods, makes recommendations for future research, and summarises the key contributions of the thesis.
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Doyle, Monique. "The South African parliamentary committee system and institutional capacity." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24449.
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This study aims to provide an analysis of the factors which facilitate or impede the capacity of the portfolio committees of the South African National Assembly in the carrying out of the primary function of oversight. Parliamentary oversight presents itself as a key function of legislatures and further than this, serves as a primary indicator of the effectiveness of the legislature as a principle institution in the system of democratic governance. There has not been much contribution to the field of study of the committee system of the South African Parliament much less its institutional capacity. The dissertation conceptualised capacity as the "hard" physical resources available to the committees as well as the "soft" political environment in which the committee operates. The study made use of a number secondary documents relating to the work of committees along with data collected from interviews carried out with chairpersons and committee researchers. From an analysis of these variables in relation to a sample of committees, findings present a varied picture where capacity, in terms of both hard and soft variables, differ from one committee to the next. Overall committees differ from one to the next whether in terms of the scope of their oversight or their workload and this study found that capacity has to mirror these distinctions for effective oversight.
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Tam, Kin-keung Carman, and 譚建強. "Tenant participation in public housing: the Estate Management Advisory Committee Scheme." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968132.
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Tam, Kin-keung Carman. "Tenant participation in public housing : the Estate Management Advisory Committee Scheme /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18812181.
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McShane, Ian, and n/a. ""Balanced development" a study of the Murray Committee on Australian Universities." University of Canberra. Education, 1995. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050509.161344.
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This thesis is a study of the work of the Committee on Australian Universities of 1957,
usually called the Murray Committee after its chairman.
Interpretations of the Murray Committee's work usually focus on its achievement in
securing funding increases for Australian universities at a time of great financial need, and
establishing an arms-length grants body that assisted what was referred to as the "balanced
development" of the sector. In this thesis I look at the context of the inquiry and the text
of the committee's report to place this outcome within what I consider to be the broader
scope and intent of the committee's work. I argue that the committee was anxious to
secure the position of the universities at the top of an educational hierarchy in a period of
change and challenge. The committee responded to the Commonwealth Government's
request that the future pattern of university development be in the best interests of the
nation by defending what they saw as the traditional role and purpose of the university. I
argue that this response is one that has at various times been put foward by universities to
demands for change, a response that, to paraphrase a view popular in university circles at
the time, seeks to give government what it needs rather than what it wants.
In this instance the committee looked to an English model of a residential university as the
"traditional" template on which Australian institutions should be fashioned. The
committee argued for the value of a broad, liberal education as emblematic of university
pedagogy in an era of increasing knowledge specialisation and increasing confusion of
purpose in the tertiary education system. It considered that a residential university
conducted on liberal principles was the best institutional representation of its ideal of a
community of scholars. The committee set down in its report a range of strategies by
which the ideal might be realised, or at least approached, in the Australian context. It paid
particular attention to the incorporation of first year students - the newest and most
vulnerable members of the community. I also argue that in setting down its ideas on the
institutional form and pedagogy of the university, the committee made assumptions about
the personal characteristics of "the scholar", and I analyse these assumptions.
In redefining the university in the Australian context the committee also engaged in a
process of defining the roles and purposes of other tertiary education institutions. The
committee took a hierarchical view of social organisation to their work, and viewed the
education system in this light. The committee charged the universities with oversight of
the Australian education system and intellectual guardianship of the Australian community.
University graduates, in the committee's view, were the natural leaders of Australian
society, and their education should prepare them to undertake properly this role. In
redefining the university the committee members engaged in a process of boundarysetting,
consolidating an institutional hierarchy in what they saw as a confused and
uncoordinated system. However, they sought to incorporate a commitment to
meritocracy and expansion of education opportunity within this perspective and urged the
creation of pathways between the institutions.
To characterise the committee's work I extend the concept of "balanced development" to
the various areas in which the committee made recommendations. The concept of
balanced development can be seen to refer to the proper development of the individual in
the university system (the production of a balanced personality, or the education of the
whole person); to the balanced development and co-ordination of the university sector; to
the development of the tertiary education system as a whole and its proper articulation
with the labour market; and to the process of reconciling the needs of the universities with
the demands of government
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Baba, Luvuyo Lumkile. "Northern Cape Provincial health accounts, the capacity issues and assessment of the feasibility to institutionalise." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9351.
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Bibliography: leaves 71-74.Provincial Health Accounts describe the sources, uses, and channels for all funds utilized in the health sector and are a basic requirement for optimal management of the allocation and mobilization of health sector resources. This study emphasises the concept of National Health Accounts at provincial level in order to get a full picture of the financial organization of the health care system in the selected province, Northern Cape, and assesses its achievement of efficiency and equity objectives.
18
Vollenweider, Petra. "The consolidation of annual accounts in the Swiss Federal Government." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-9167.
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Financial reporting in the public sector is influenced by the private sector accounting standards. The Swiss Federal Government has recently started to prepare consolidated financial statements. The purpose of this study is to describe how the Swiss Federal Government is doing its consolidated financial statements. Theoretically there are different consolidation theories and methods. The choice of consolidation method can explain which consolidation theory is used when the financial statements are put together. The research is done on the latest consolidated financial statements, 2010, from the Swiss Federal Government and in combination with an interview with the Head of Consolidation of the Swiss Federal Government. The finding in this research is that the Swiss Federal Government has an Entity Theory approach when consolidating its financial statements.
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Crabb, Shona. "A discursive analysis of accounts of breast cancer screening, risk and prevention." Click here to access, 2006. http://thesis.library.adelaide.edu.au/public/adt-SUA20070214.101612/index.html.
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Lau, Po-ngan, and 劉寶顔. "Evolution of residents' participation in public housing in Hong Kong: from Estate Management Advisory Committee(EMAC) to Estate Management Owners Committee (EMOC)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31968636.
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Lau, Po-ngan. "Evolution of residents' participation in public housing in Hong Kong : from Estate Management Advisory Committee (EMAC) to Estate Management Owners Committee (EMOC) /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22360426.
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Adnerhill, Therese. "One committee - two institutions? : The Committee of European Affairs in Sweden and Denmark." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1891.
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In order to have some say and to scrutinise the government all member states of the EU today has established an institution within their national parliaments, the Committee of European Affairs. This institution, however, has very different rights and regulations depending on the country it is established in. This study uses two rather similar countries, Sweden and Denmark, and investigates what differences and similarities the two committees show.
By constructing a comparative case study of four units of analysis, the governments and committees of European Affairs in Sweden and Denmark, the formal and informal power relationship between government and committee in each country were studied in order to determine similarities and differences and whether the committee had an impact on the governments’ EU policies. Further they were compared, assessing whether the Danish Committee of European Affairs was more powerful than its Swedish counterpart because of its legal basis in an EU document.
The theoretical framework was built on empirical institutionalism and Lukes’ first and second dimension of power. The similarities and differences were accounted for and compared. In conclusion, the Danish Committee of European Affairs has more formal power than its Swedish counterpart but regarding informal power the Swedish Committee of European Affairs has a slight advantage. Both committees have an impact on the way their government handle negotiations with the EU.
Keywords: formal power, informal power, the Committee of European Affairs, Sweden, Denmark
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Burton, Diane D. "Aggressive Oversight: The Subcommittee of Oversight and Investigations of the House Energy and Commerce Committee." W&M ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625755.
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Waters, Philo W. "An Analysis of Advisory Committee Activities in a Successful Public School Bond Election." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4561/.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the perceived effectiveness of specific advisory committee activities during a school bond proposal and election process. The study began with an extensive review of the literature on the use of advisory committee activities in school districts for the purpose of promoting a school bond issue. This revealed that school officials maintaining a low profile, the presence of a diverse community task force, focusing on YES voters, involving the committee in early planning, focusing on disseminating information, and focusing on benefits to children and the community are all important in the passage of a school bond election.
A survey was developed and administered to committee members, school board members and school district administrators in a North Texas school district that had successfully completed a bond election. Survey respondents consistently supported the practices put into place by the studied school district, which closely mirrored the activities espoused in the research. Respondents believed the diversity of the task force and the roles of the committee members to be crucial to the passage of the bond. The only subcategory of questions that drew mixed reviews and positions of support was that of the need for the administration and board to maintain a low profile. Participants in the survey viewed having a diverse community task force, focusing on YES votes, involvement in early planning, focusing on disseminating information, and focusing on benefits to children and the community as being important to the successful passage of the school bond election, with clear dissemination of information being the most important activity of the committee.
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Warleigh, Alexander J. F. "Beyond the double dichotomy : European integration theory and the committee of the regions." Thesis, Southampton Solent University, 1996. http://ssudl.solent.ac.uk/2421/.
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European integration theory is currently in a stage of evolution in which the validity of the traditional theoretical approaches, neofunctionalism and neorealism is increasingly questioned as a consequence of their inability to explain and predict EU developments successfully. The two theories, longtime rivals derived from International Relations (IR) scholarship, are now challenged by an emergent critique grounded in comparative politics theory. Within the IR camp, attempts to bolster the orthodox theories through their synthesis have been unsuccessful. The neofunctionalist-neorealist rivalry continues unproductively despite the advent of a rival paradigm. John Peterson's framework of European Union (EU) decision making, the focal theory of this thesis, seeks to provide a means of marrying IR and comparative political concepts, but requires (and fails to make) a choice between the two IR theories in order to function. The aim of this thesis therefore, is to shed new light on the neofunctionalist-neorealist debate by applying literature to an analysis of the Committee of the Regions. This new EU body affords actors from subnational government their first formal rights in EU policy making, thereby significantly altering the range of actors involved in that process. In order to meet this objective, an original investigation of the Committee was undertaken. It involved research interviews with a series of key actors as well as analysis of the available literature, and concluded that the Committee is having a limited but identifiable impact on the EU policy. The thesis argues that neither neofunctionalism nor neorealism is able to encompass this due to their respective essential premises. It therefore proceeds to propose amendments to the Peterson framework, drawing on its advocacy of a composite model of EU decision making to advance a new framework. The latter harnesses insights obtained from confederal, multi level governance, policy network and new institutionalist theories, and thereby lends support to the burgeoning paradigm shift in favour of comparative politics.
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Zwama, Gimenne. "Improving health care provider - health committee working relationships for responsive, people-centred health systems." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23422.
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As community-based governance structures in the service delivery of primary health care, health committees can promote the quality, accessibility and responsiveness of service delivery. More specifically, health committees provide a platform for community members to advocate for their health needs and meaningfully participate in decision-making, oversight and monitoring of service delivery. Hence, health committees provide a bottom-up strategy to realise the right to health and a people-centred health system. Previous research has found that Health Committees in the Cape Metropole of South Africa face similar challenges as their counterparts globally. In South Africa health committees' role and mandate often seem to be unclear and weak policy frameworks have resulted in wide variations in health committee functionality. Health care providers, particularly health facility managers, have been identified to play a key role in creating a supportive environment for health committees' genuine and effective participation. Particularly, health care providers' misunderstandings of health committees' roles and responsibilities as well as their lack of engagement with health committees can form barriers to health committee's functioning. A gap in understanding exists on the impact training of health care providers could have on health committees' meaningful participation. While many health committee members in the Cape Metropole of the Western Cape Province were already trained, health care providers had not been trained until May 2015. Present realist evaluation sought to describe and explore the immediate and short-term impact of this pilot training on health care providers' responsiveness towards health committees. Pre- and post-training questionnaires, direct observations and semi-structured interviews were employed as research methods. The training evaluation was enriched by participants' diverse professional positions and work environments as well as their various experiences and relationships with health committees. The study reveals that the training played a role in increasing health care providers' responsiveness towards health committees' roles and functions. Health care providers demonstrated understandings and intentions towards building effective working relationships with health committees. However, training is recommended to be followed up on and to be continuous to ensure intentions are translated into practice and to account for the dynamic nature of health facilities, health committees and the health system in which they reside. In this manner, health care providers can increasingly contribute to building sustainable relationships with health committees to promote meaningful and effective community participation, the strengthening of people-centred health systems and the progressive realisation of the right to health.
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Sheriko, Matthew. "Accounts of PR Practices and Challenges by Senior Managers: A Qualitative Exploratory Study." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32772.
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Small nonprofit organizations are faced with limited resources and budgets for setting and reaching their goals. Some are nevertheless able to mitigate these challenges and achieve success. This thesis examines how this can be done. Organizations with excellent public relations programs have been found to be successful in achieving their goals (Grunig et al., 2002). Through the lens of the excellence model, this thesis analyzes, using in depth, semi-structured interview data, how senior managers of seven successful small nonprofits account for their success and address challenges as well as how their practices reflect the excellence model. This thesis does not test the excellence model in the context of small nonprofits, but rather attempts to establish recommendations for communication and PR success for small nonprofits based on what is learned from a small group of successful organizations.
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Aina, Adebunmi Yetunde. "Financial management decision-making processes in public primary schools." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65455.
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The South African Schools Act 84 of 1996 prescribes how schools should manage their finances and involve their stakeholders in financial management decision-making. The relevant literature reveals that principals in many schools situated in township and rural areas play a dominant role in the financial management of their schools which is contrary to the prescriptions of the South African Schools Act. This study aimed to identify financial management decision-making processes utilized in fee-paying public primary schools, the factors that influence financial management decision-making and the role and influence of individual stakeholders in financial management decision-making. The study followed a qualitative research approach with a multiple case study research design. Five fee-paying public primary schools were purposively selected. Participants included governing body chairpersons, principals and financial managers of the schools. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The findings from the data suggest that financial management decision-making processes utilized in fee-paying public primary schools are: needs analysis, budget drafting and procurement processes. The study also reveals that members of school governing bodies (SGB) in fee-paying schools situated in affluence areas are educated professionals who, as required by the South African School Act, exert a strong influence in financial management decision-making in schools.Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Education Management and Policy Studies
MEd
Unrestricted
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Yip, Tak-kuen Eric. "A study of the development of tenant involvement strategies in Hong Kong : future development of estate management of Estate Management Advisory Committee Scheme /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24533385.
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Poon, Yin-yee. "Tenant participation in public housing management : a socio political analysis /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21027754.
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Gould, Gillian, and n/a. "The expanding role of the Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade : 1952 - 1993." University of Canberra. Administrative Studies, 1993. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060712.120351.
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This research essay examines the emergence and development of the
Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade and
its attempts to influence foreign policy. Established as the Joint
Committee on Foreign Affairs in 1952, it was the first committee to
have a specific portfolio alignment. The purpose of the committee was
to ensure that a considerable number of parliamentarians could become
informed about foreign affairs issues.
The establishment of a committee for such a purpose was surprising in
that proponents of parliamentary reform at that tune were strongly
advocating that a comprehensive system of committees be created for
the purposes of financial scrutiny of government expenditure and
consideration of legislation. Against this background it is interesting
that the new committee was not given - and indeed showed no intention
of assuming - the role of scrutinising the activities of the Department
of External (and later, Foreign) Affairs.
It is also interesting that Prime Minister Robert Menzies instigated the
committee despite the fact that the government - and particularly the
Minister for External Affairs R G Casey - feared the committee might
go beyond its terms of reference and attempt to exert influence on
government policy. Consequently the government imposed severe
restrictions on the committee's activities which resulted in the
Opposition steadfastly refusing to participate in the work of the
committee for 15 years. Once some of these restrictions were removed,
the committee began to operate as a bipartisan committee in 1967 and
promptly set about attempting to influence government policy in foreign
affairs. Casey's worst fears were realised.
Over the years the brief of the committee expanded into the areas of
defence and trade. Eleven of the committee's reports address significant
defence issues and since 1987 the committee has conducted extensive
inquiries into trade matters. For the purposes of this research essay
however I have focused on the development of the committee's interest
and influence in the area of foreign affairs.
Chapter One of this essay describes the background of parliamentary
reform which resulted in the establishment of a comprehensive system
of committees within the Australian Parliament. Against this
background the emergence of the Joint Committee on Foreign Affairs
is outlined in Chapter Two. Chapter Three identifies the major trends
in the work of the committee while Chapter Four examines the
influence and some of the mechanisms through which the committee
has exerted pressure on foreign affairs policy. The conclusions of my
research are addressed in Chapter Five.
This research essay is based on an analysis of official committee
documents which address foreign affairs issues from 1967 to the
present. The major sources for the essay therefore are the reports of the
committee, government responses to those reports and parliamentary
debates. Other works consulted include academic journals and
monographs. I have also gained numerous insights into the powers and
limitations of committees through informal discussions with members
of various committees and colleagues. To these people I am indebted for
their thoughtful and provocative remarks. In particular I thank
Professor John Halligan of the University of Canberra for his assistance
and encouragement in bringing this research essay to its conclusion.
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Qwina, Simon Buta. "Enhancing public participation on the ward committee system: the case of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019734.
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This study investigated the role of ward committees in enhancing service delivery through public participation with reference to the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in the Province of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. This study provided a motivation for the study to be undertaken, problem statement, objectives of the study, hypothesis, research design and methodology, ethical considerations, delimitation of the study and the overview of chapters. The Constitution of the Republic of South African of 1996 provides for the creation of three spheres of government, namely, the national sphere, the provincial sphere and the local government sphere. These spheres are interdependent from each other. Local government is one of the spheres of government created to bring government closer to the people, as well as giving communities a sense of involvement in the political and governance processes that control their daily lives. The need for effective democratic local government as a vehicle for development and national integration is imperative (Reddy, 1996:3). Municipalities are established in terms of section 12 of the Municipal Structures Act 117 of 1998, wherein Members of Executive Councils (MEC‟s) may establish a municipal area which the Demarcation Board demarcates in the province in terms of the Municipal Demarcation Act 27 of 1998.
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張雪兒 and Suet-yee Vivian Cheung. "Tenant participation in public housing management: the change from Estate Management Advisory Committee toOwners Corporation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42576398.
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de, Vries Stephen. "Enhancing participatory democracy: in municipal affairs through the ward committee system: A participatory monitoring and evaluation approach." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6522.
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Magister Administrationis - MAdminLocal government is a key point of service delivery and is the sphere where most people interface with government. A good relationship with communities at local government level is therefore critical. Ward committees were designed to improve the relationship between citizens and municipalities and to give effect to the constitutional obligations of municipalities, to provide democratic government and to involve citizens in the affairs of local government. The establishment of ward committees has been met with great enthusiasm by local communities, as a platform to engage with municipalities. National government and provincial governments were key drivers in this project , with support to municipalities in the establishment of ward committee. This endeavour was intended to facilitate better relationships and cooperation between council and its communities. This objective of this research study was to explore whether participatory democracy can be enhanced through a participatory monitoring and evaluation approach within the current ward committee system. The main research question was whether ward committees could be utilised as effective instruments for participatory monitoring and evaluation of municipal service? The sub-questions were: what is the theoretical and legal framework for ward committees; what was the status of ward committee in Knysna Municipality; what were the challenges of the ward committee system; is there a role for ward committees in participatory monitoring and evaluation; and were there recommendations for the involvement of ward committees in participatory, monitoring and evaluation and improvement of the efficacy of ward committees? The study arose out of continuous service delivery protests by communities because of the dissatisfaction with the state of municipal services. Secondly, various research studies have found that, despite national, provincial and local government support programmes for ward committees, the majority remain ineffective and inefficient, and the social distance between communities and municipalities is growing. The lack of communication and the non-responsiveness of municipalities were found to be some of the main causes for the ineffectiveness of ward committees. Key theorists suggest that some of these protests would not occur if effective monitoring and evaluation are institutionalised and communities are involved in monitoring and evaluation. A participatory approach for monitoring and evaluation was therefore examined within the local government legislative framework of South Africa. A qualitative research method was chosen, using a case study design. The case study design was chosen because such studies do not attempt to make any generalisations in term of the results or that it will be similar in another case study. This study was focussed on exploring and understanding the issue. Primary data was collected through interviews and focus groups with ward committee members, ward councillors and municipal officials. Key findings gave emphasis to challenges of lack of communication, non-responsiveness of municipalities and contestation from other community-based organisations that had a negative impact on the credibility and authority of ward committees. The effectiveness of the municipal performance management system as a monitoring and evaluation tool was also questioned in the findings. The significance or value of the study lies in the finding that willingness for participatory monitoring and evaluation exists as does the insight into the status of municipal performance management systems. Recommendations are made for delegating monitoring and evaluation functions to ward committees. Further investigations into modalities for participatory or result-based monitoring and evaluation, as well as the impact of financial and audit driven performance management system are recommended.
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Barton, Adrian. "Managing fragmentation : a case study of an area child protection committee in a time of change." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2000. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/managing-fragmentation-a-case-study-of-an-area-child-protection-committee-in-a-time-of-change(683ac203-6902-4a71-a2fc-afce611777a0).html.
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One of the outstanding features of capitalist society is its fluidity. What is the orthodoxy today stands a very good chance of being supplanted by a new orthodoxy tomorrow. Similarly, today's problems have every chance of being tomorrow's solutions. Accordingly, individuals and organisations are often faced with situations, contexts and environments which are new and challenging and contain the potential to disrupt existing control structures. Essentially, this contention is at the heart of this piece of work. The following pages will describe and discuss the impact that a 'new orthodoxy' has had on an existing organisational arrangement. Specifically, the work focuses on the child protection system of England and Wales to examine the effect that New Public Management, and its accompanying tendency to fragment organisations into managerialised purchaser or provider units, has had on the established organisational discourse of partnershipworking. It argues that the central features of nianagerialism core tasks, ownership, audit and ideology run counter to those features required to facilitate partnerships co-operation, sharing and resources exchange. Moreover, it suggests that the inherent mis-match between these two prominent organisational discourses is acting as a barrier to the effective implementation of either.
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Cheung, Suet-yee Vivian. "Tenant participation in public housing management : the change from Estate Management Advisory Committee to Owners Corporation /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42576398.
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Burleson, David Keith. "Using a worship committee to enhance Biblical preaching at Lakeland Baptist Church, Carbondale, Illinois." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.
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Lau, Kar-ming Cherry. "Tenant participation in Hong Kong public rental housing management a study of estate management advisory committee in Oi Man Estate /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31969380.
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Ryczer-Dumas, Malgorzata. "Users’ agencies : juxtaposing public portrayals and users’ accounts of app-mediated cardiac arrest volunteer work in Sweden." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022EHES0024.
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Cette thèse adopte une perspective de recherche en sciences sociales pour examiner les usages de l'application SMSlivräddare (eng. SMSlifesaving), devenue Heartrunner, ayant pour objectif de solliciter des bénévoles à proximité de personnes presumées victimes d'un arrêt cardiaque extra-hospitalier. Cette étude de cas sur les usages de cette application médicale et de santé juxtapose les « portraits » publics de l'application, de ses utilisateurs potentiels, de leurs rôles actifs et de leurs pratiques d'usage et les témoignages des utilisateurs bénévoles. Cette analyse explore les dimensions des rôles actifs de l'application et de ses utilisateurs tels qu’ils sont délégués par les « portraits » de la technologie et tels qu’ils sont perçus par ses utilisateurs. Cette analyse rend visibles les aspects des rôles actifs et des pratiques des utilisateurs bénévoles au moment de la mise en œuvre de cette technologie dans deux premières régions, avant son adoption ultérieure dans d'autres régions de Suède ainsi qu’au Danemark. La perspective de la recherche médicale a jusqu'à présent dominé les études sur les applications de secourisme. Ces études ont évalué les résultats de l'usage de l'application par les bénévoles et se sont concentrées sur l'examen de l'efficacité de ces applications, par des indicateurs tels que le nombre d'utilisateurs arrivés sur place et le nombre de ceux qui ont participé à la réanimation des personnes victimes. Dans le même temps, ces travaux ont contribué à la construction de discours prometteurs et à des approches instrumentales appliquées pour comprendre les significations et les usages des applications médicales et de santé. En revanche, en s'appuyant sur l'analyse discursive et thématique du matériel de recherche qualitative, cette thèse cherche à mettre en évidence les perspectives des utilisateurs dans leur co-construction de la technologie de secourisme à travers leurs pratiques d'usage de l'application. Par une approche théorique socio-matérielle, elle explore de manière critique les rôles actifs des utilisateurs tels qu'ils sont délégués par les discours des développeurs du projet, des gestionnaires et des évaluateurs de cette technologie médicale et tels qu'ils sont négociés par les utilisateurs dans leurs pratiques quotidiennes. Cette thèse examine tout d'abord les « portraits » de l'application publiés en ligne, de ses utilisateurs et de leurs rôles actifs, mais aussi dans les pratiques de recrutement des utilisateurs et enfin dans une publication de recherche médicale évaluant cette technologie de secourisme. Ensuite, la thèse examine comment les bénévoles décrivent les motifs de leur décision de devenir usagers de l’application, le contexte social de leurs décisions et les significations qu'ils attribuent à leurs pratiques. Troisièmement, la thèse examine comment les récits des bénévoles, en juxtaposition avec les « portraits » en ligne de la technologie SMSlifesaving, représentent les pratiques d'usage de l'application par les bénévoles aux differentes étapes: avant la réception des notifications les informant des cas d'arrêts cardiaques, au moment de la réception de ces notifications, et après leur acceptation.Contribuant au champ de la recherche sociale critique sur les applications médicales et de santé, la thèse met en relief que les utilisateurs de l'application SMSlifesaving et les technologies qu'ils co-construisent ont des rôles actifs. Elle illustre les rôles actifs délégués et négociés par les utilisateurs ; ces derniers lorsqu'ils surmontent les dépendances quotidiennes de l'application et mesurent l'importance de leur travail bénévole, par l’intermédiaire de leur usage de l’application, par rapport à leur travail rémunéré et à leurs engagements de vie privée, développent un engagement consciencieux envers l'application et redéfinissent les promesses médicales de l'application pour les personnes victimes et leurs famillesThis thesis embraces a social science research perspective to examine uses of the app SMSlivräddare (eng. SMSlifesaving), now Heartrunner, dedicated to alert volunteers nearby to assist people suspected to suffer from a cardiac arrest outside hospital. This case study of the uses of the health and medical app juxtaposes the public portrayals of the app, its prospective users, their agencies and use practices with the volunteer users’ own accounts. The analysis explores dimensions of the app’s and its users’ agencies as delegated by the technology’s portrayals and perceived by its users. It renders visible also possibly obscured aspects of the volunteer users’ agencies and practices at the time of the technology’s implementation in the two first regions, before its subsequent adoption in other Swedish regions and in Denmark. A medical research perspective has so far dominated the studies of lifesaving apps. Such research evaluates the patients’ health outcomes resulting from the app use by the volunteers and concentrates on the examination of the efficiency aspects of the app, such as how many users arrived and how many engaged in resuscitating the patients. At the same time, it contributes to the promissory discourses and instrumental approaches applied to understand the meanings and uses of health and medical apps. In contrast, building on the discourse and thematic analysis of the qualitative research material, this thesis seeks to highlight the users’ perspectives in their co-constructing of the SMSlifesaving technology through their app use practices; it embraces a socio-material theoretical approach and critically explores the users’ agencies as delegated by the discourses of the project developers, managers and evaluators of the medical technology and as negotiated by the users in their daily practices. This thesis, first, investigates the public portrayals of the app, its users and their agencies published online, in the user-recruiting practices, and in a medical research publication evaluating the SMSlifesaving technology. Next, it examines how the volunteers’ accounts describe the rationales of their entry into their SMSlifesaving app use practices, the social context embedding their entry and the meanings which they ascribe to their practices. Third, the study investigates how the volunteers’ accounts in juxtaposition to the online portrayals of the SMSlifesaving technology represent the volunteers’ app use before their receptions of the app’s notifications which inform them about cardiac-arrest cases nearby, at the time of reception of such notifications, and following acceptance of such notifications.Contributing to the field of critical social research on health and medical apps, the thesis identifies that both the SMSlifesaving app users and the technologies they co-construct have agencies. It illustrates the users’ agencies delegated and negotiated; the latter when they overcome the app everyday dependencies and judge the app-mediated volunteer work importance versus their paid work and private life commitments, develop dutiful engagement with the app and re-define the app’s medical promises for the patients and their families
40
Wong, Chi-hung. "Tenants' participation in public rental housing : a study of the Estate Management Advisory Committee Scheme in Sun Tin Wai Estate /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3581973X.
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Hegazy, Karim. "Audit Committee roles and responsibilities in a UK public sector context : Foundation Trusts and Local Authorities." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/audit-committee-roles-and-responsibilities-in-a-uk-public-sector-contextfoundation-trusts-and-local-authorities(bcf38ccc-a3d4-4430-8b3b-c2149c382d2e).html.
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This thesis responds to calls for more research on the operations, roles and responsibilities of Audit Committees (ACs), in different organizational contexts and institutional settings (Spira, 2003; Turley and Zaman, 2007; Beasley et al., 2009; Pridgen and Wang, 2012). Whereas most academic interest to date has focused on the private sector (Hodges et al. 1996; Broadbent and Guthrie, 2008; Christopher, 2010), this study uses a case study to give insights into the AC operations within the public sector. ACs are important as they have considerable authority over public institutions' operations and their diverse functions and roles. This research examines the ACs' set-up, operations and responsibilities in two distinct public sector settings which contrast in terms of their structures, processes and histories, namely Foundation Trusts (FTs) and Local Authorities (LAs). These different environments allow the study to tease out how and why they differ from each other and from the private sector, and to give greater insight into their AC development. This study uses an interpretive accounting and case study approach. Evidence was gathered using a triangulation approach, and included interviews, document analysis and observation of meetings. For the analysis, this study develops a multi-theoretical framework which incorporates Institutional Theory (IT) (paying particular attention to Isomorphism) and agency theory which is extended and complemented by stewardship to synthesise and better articulate the operation of public sector ACs. The study finds that public sector ACs, in terms of their set-up, roles and operations, have a larger and more diverse role than private sector ACs. The AC role is extended beyond challenging and monitoring responsibilities to focus on clinical elements in FTs and Value for Money arrangements in LAs. Influenced both by the notion of New Public Management and the effect of scandals the development of the AC has been imposed through regulation in FTs, contrasting with the slower progress seen in LAs due to the latter's voluntary adoption. There is a developing general understanding within the AC members in terms of their assurance role, encapsulated by the idea of having ''a finger on the pulse rather than a finger in the pie''. In addition the study illustrates how the AC has been able to develop enhanced accountability relationships within FTs and LAs, being seen not as "a dead hand but rather a force for good and change".This study contributes new and in-depth knowledge to the limited literature about how ACs, as a CG mechanism, operate in different organizational contexts. It demonstrates that an isomorphic approach to implementing ACs in different settings is insufficient and incomplete, instead theorising that a spectrum encompassing aspects of agency and stewardship theory enables a more complete explanation of ACs' set-up, characteristics, processes and relationships. These findings may be appropriate both in other public sector environments in the UK or in other countries. The study also recognizes a need for further longitudinal future studies which could lead to contributions in regards to analysing AC roles, development and effectiveness in public sector organizations.
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Pinto, Lucas Vasconcelos. "O American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) e sua influencia na politica externa dos Estados Unidos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17439.
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This work has as its theme the influence of The American Israel Public Affairs Committee AIPAC in the foreign policy of the United States US. Firstly it was systematized a state of the art on the subject based on two main lines of thought: one of John Mearsheimer and Stephen walt and another of Noam Chomsky Gilbert Achcar and Norman Finkelstein. While those ones highlight the power of the so called Pro-Israel lobby - from which AIPAC is the most structured and renowned organization - in US politics those second ones point out that the helm of US foreign policy toward Israel is its own national interest not the Lobby. Secondly it was aimed a historical survey about AIPAC and an analysis of its structure and its procedures. It was founded then that AIPAC - as a lobbying organization an interest group - according to the law cannot make financial contributions directly to politicians. It was founded however that this practice may occur indirectly through at least two ways: through its own members contributing individually and/or by Political Action Committees PACs - institutions created specifically to this end of raising funds to political campaigns in order to elect and defeat candidates or even to influence those who are already in the Government. And thirdly it was sought to synthesize the state of the art to the historical and structural study on AIPAC. Based on the dialogue of the two main theoretical visions worked - under a optic of complementarity rather than of exclusion - alongside with an examination of AIPAC s action in history this study led us to infer that AIPAC which was founded in 1959 in the Cold War context remains being influential in US politics even with the change in the international system at the end of the Cold War.
O presente trabalho tem como tema a influencia do American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) na politica externa dos Estados Unidos da América (EUA). Primeiro, sistematizou- se um estado da arte sobre o tema a partir de duas linhas de pensamento principais: uma de John Mearsheimer e Stephen Walt; e outra, de Noam Chomsky, Gilbert Achcar e Norman Finkelstein. Enquanto aqueles primeiros ressaltam o poder do chamado lobby pró-Israel - do qual o AIPAC e a organização mais estruturada e renomada - na politica dos EUA, estes salientam que o leme da politica externa estadunidense para com Israel e seu próprio interesse nacional, e não o lobby. Segundo, visou-se a um levantamento histórico sobre o AIPAC e a uma analise de sua estrutura e de seu modo de atuação. Constatou-se, então, que o AIPAC - como uma organização de lobby, um grupo de interesse -, de acordo com a lei, não pode enviar contribuições financeiras diretamente aos políticos. Apurou-se, no entanto, que essa prática pode ocorrer de maneira indireta, por meio de, pelo menos, duas maneiras: através de seus próprios membros contribuindo individualmente; e/ou por via dos Political Action Committees (PACs) - instituições criadas especificamente para esse fim de levantar fundos para as campanhas politicas no intuito de eleger e derrotar candidatos, ou ate mesmo influenciar os que já estão no governo. E, terceiro, buscou-se sintetizar o estado da arte ao estudo histórico e estrutural sobre o AIPAC. Com base no diálogo entre as duas principais visões teóricas trabalhadas - sob uma ótica de complementaridade ao invés de exclusão -, ao lado do exame da ação do AIPAC na história, esse estudo nos levou a inferir que o AIPAC, fundado em 1959, no contexto da Guerra Fria, continua influente na politica dos EUA, mesmo com a mudança no sistema internacional ao final da Guerra Fria
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Ahamad, Rapani Nor Hanani. "Influence of auditor quality and audit committee effectiveness on earnings conservatism of Malaysian public listed firms." Thesis, Curtin University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/890.
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This study investigates whether earnings conservatism is significantly higher amongst Malaysian publicly listed firms subject to higher standards of ‗direct custodian excellence‘ of the financial reporting system relative to counterparts subject to lower direct custodian excellence standards. Drawing on agency theory, supplemented by tenets of key corporate governance reforms undertaken in Malaysia since the Asian financial crisis in 1997, it is expected that direct custodian excellence is positively associated with earnings conservatism.For purposes of the main analysis, conservatism is defined in terms of both timeliness and persistence, and measured using models developed by Basu (1997). Direct custodian excellence, meanwhile, is derived as the function of audit quality (measured as a function of independence, specialization and brand name) and audit committee effectiveness (measured as a function of independence, financial expertise and diligence). Analysis is based on annual data (spanning the years 2002 to 2007) collected from 100 randomly selected Malaysian firms listed continuously on the Bursa Malaysia from January 1 2002 till December 31 2007) for each annual period from 2002 to 2007. Following exclusions for missing data points and outliers, empirical analysis is based on a final useable sample of 577 firm-year observations.Findings from an extensive analytical analysis show limited support for the study‘s general proposition. Rather, findings show the level of earnings conservatism is likely to be equivalent for a Malaysian publicly listed firm subject to higher standards of direct custodian excellence than a counterpart facing lower levels of direct custodian excellence. There is some evidence, however, supporting the view that a Malaysian publicly listed firm engaging a higher quality auditor is more likely to have higher levels of persistent earnings conservatism than a counterpart using the services of a lower quality external auditor. Additional analysis, meanwhile, suggests a lack of association between audit committee effectiveness and (both the timeliness and persistence of) earnings conservatism within the Malaysian capital market setting. Overall, findings provide valuable insights and understanding, not only in respect to the direct custodian excellence/earnings conservatism linkage, but the individual dynamics and significance of corporate governance and earnings conservatism concepts."
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Sharma, Vineeta Divesh, and N/A. "The Effects of Independent Audit Committee Member Characteristics and Auditor Independence on Financial Restatements." Griffith University. Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20071108.143642.
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The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) continues to reform the corporate governance mechanisms in order to improve the quality of financial reporting and thus, enhance the confidence of investors in the stock market and in the accounting profession. Despite the efforts of the SEC, financial reporting scandals continue with record numbers of financial restatements documented by the General Accounting Office. A financial restatement is a correction of a previously misstated financial statement. There is a small volume of literature examining the effects of corporate governance mechanisms on financial restatements. The results of these studies however, are mixed and possibly explained by their narrow focus and omitted variables that could influence the effectiveness of audit committees. Consequently, this study examines the effects of independent audit committee member characteristics and auditor independence on financial restatements. Specifically, this study investigates the relationship between the likelihood of financial restatements and: (1) the expertise of the independent audit committee members, (2) the expertise and diligence of the independent audit committee members, (3) the reputation of the independent audit committee members, (4) the interaction effect of expertise, diligence and reputation, (5) the tenure of the independent audit committee members, and (6) the cash compensation paid to independent audit committee members. Prior studies have not investigated some of these variables or the interaction effects of independent audit committee member characteristics on financial restatements. This study also investigates the association between auditor independence and financial restatements. The SEC alleges that an increasing number of audit failures are due to the lack of auditor independence. One of the major sources of the lack of auditor independence is the auditors economic dependency on the client. The provision of non-audit services increases the financial reliance of the auditor on the client. As a result, the auditor may become reluctant to raise issues with the preparation of the financial statements at the risk of foregoing the lucrative non-audit services fees. The SEC believes that longer audit firm tenure can also impair auditor independence and Section 203 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act suggests periodic audit firm rotation. Therefore, auditor independence was measured as: (1) fees paid to the auditor, and (2) audit firm tenure. Finally, this study extends the prior literature by studying the interaction effects of independent audit committee member characteristics and auditor independence on financial restatements. This interaction effect is important because the external auditor and the audit committee are regarded vital governance mechanisms that interact and exchange dialogue in the performance of their respective oversight of the financial reporting process. Prior research has not investigated this important interaction effect. The sample of the study comprises 69 U.S. publicly listed companies that announced their restatement from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2002. These companies were matched with 69 non-restatement companies based on industry and size. The data for the study is derived from SEC filings such as Form 10-K and DEF 14A, and Compustat. The univariate results show that compared to restatement firms, non-restatement firms generally have effective audit committee characteristics. The audit committees of non-restatement firms have members who are experts, diligent, reputable and appropriately compensated. They also pay lower non-audit services and total fees, and have audit firms with longer tenure. The multivariate results show that after controlling for other governance structures and firm specific non-governance variables, the likelihood of financial restatements is related to independent audit committee member characteristics and auditor independence. Specifically, the likelihood of financial restatements decreases when independent audit committee members are: (1) experts, (2) experts and diligent, (3) reputable, (4) experts, diligent and reputable, and (5) appropriately compensated. The audit committee member tenure variable is insignificant. In relation to the auditor independence variables, the multivariate results show that the likelihood of financial restatements increases when the non-audit services and total fees generated by the client are higher. On the other hand, the likelihood of financial restatements decreases when audit firm tenure is longer. The empirical results of this study suggest that independent audit committees are more effective overseers of the corporate financial reporting and auditing processes when: they comprise majority experts, they meet regularly, their members are reputable, and audit committee members are appropriately compensated. On the other hand, external auditors are not deemed to be effective overseers of the corporate financial reporting process when the non-audit services and total fees generated by the client are higher but are effective when audit firm tenure is long. The results support the SECs concerns regarding the provision of non-audit services impairing auditor independence. The results also support the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which under Section 201 prohibits external auditors from providing certain non-audit services to its audit client. Overall, these results support the regulatory efforts to increase the quality of financial reporting by enhancing the corporate governance process related to audit committees and auditor independence. However, the results do not support calls to limit the tenure of the auditor. The results of the multivariate interaction effects suggest that, after controlling for other governance structures and firm specific non-governance variables, when the non-audit services and total fees generated by the client are higher, the likelihood of financial restatements increases under conditions when the audit committee is not effective (a non expert audit committee, an audit committee that does not meet regularly, an audit committee whose members are not reputable or an audit committee that is not appropriately compensated). The implication of this result is that it provides evidence of conditions under which restatements take place. Knowledge of such conditions could aid regulators further improve the financial reporting process and corporate governance. This knowledge will support regulators in revising policies that ensure audit committee members are not only independent but also comprise other critical qualities. These improvements to the audit committee coupled with the existing regulations on the provision of non-audit services suggest a companys governance will be more effective. Overall, the results extend current knowledge in the sparse but growing literature related to financial restatements and corporate governance, and extend our understanding of the effectiveness and interaction of governance mechanisms in reducing financial restatements.
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Powell, Rebekah Louise. "Culture, capital and the state, select committee on licensing and regulating theatres and places of public entertainment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23462.pdf.
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Pinto, Lucas Vasconcelos [UNESP]. "O American Israel Public Affairs Office Committee (AIPAC) e sua influência na política externa dos Estados Unidos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127883.
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000844270.pdf: 1299163 bytes, checksum: bdf3d08810ae35b28523105b8a7871c0 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O presente trabalho tem como tema a influência do The American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) na política externa dos Estados Unidos da América (EUA). Primeiro, sistematizou-se um estado da arte sobre o tema a partir de duas linhas de pensamento principais: uma de John Mearsheimer e Stephen Walt; e outra, de Noam Chomsky, Gilbert Achcar e Norman Finkelstein. Enquanto aqueles primeiros ressaltam o poder do chamado lobby pró-Israel - do qual o AIPAC é a organização mais estruturada e renomada - na política dos EUA, estes salientam que o leme da política externa estadunidense para com Israel é seu próprio interesse nacional, e não o lobby. Segundo, visou-se a um levantamento histórico sobre o AIPAC e uma análise de sua estrutura e de seu modo de atuação. Constatou-se, então, que o AIPAC - como uma organização de lobby, um grupo de interesse -, de acordo com a lei, não pode enviar contribuições financeiras diretamente aos políticos. Apurou-se, no entanto, que essa prática pode ocorrer de maneira indireta, por meio de, pelo menos, duas maneiras: através de seus próprios membros contribuindo individualmente; e/ou por via dos Political Action Committees (PACs) - instituições criadas especificamente para esse fim de levantar fundos para as campanhas políticas no intuito de eleger e derrotar candidatos, ou até mesmo influenciar os que já estão no Governo. E, terceiro, buscou-se sintetizar o estado da arte ao estudo histórico e estrutural sobre o AIPAC. Com base no diálogo entre as duas principais visões teóricas trabalhadas - sob uma ótica de complementaridade ao invés de exclusão -, ao lado do exame da ação do AIPAC na história, esse estudo nos levou a inferir que o AIPAC, fundado em 1959, no contexto da Guerra Fria, continua influente na política dos EUA, mesmo com a mudança no sistema internacional ao final da Guerra Fria.
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Pinto, Lucas Vasconcelos. "O American Israel Public Affairs Office Committee (AIPAC) e sua influência na política externa dos Estados Unidos /." Marília, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127883.
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Orientador: Reginaldo Mattar NasserBanca: Arlene Elizabeth Clemesha
Banca: Carlos Gustavo Poggio Teixeira
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais é instituído em parceria com a Unesp/Unicamp/PUC-SP, em projeto subsidiado pela CAPES, intitulado "Programa San Tiago Dantas"
Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como tema a influência do The American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) na política externa dos Estados Unidos da América (EUA). Primeiro, sistematizou-se um estado da arte sobre o tema a partir de duas linhas de pensamento principais: uma de John Mearsheimer e Stephen Walt; e outra, de Noam Chomsky, Gilbert Achcar e Norman Finkelstein. Enquanto aqueles primeiros ressaltam o poder do chamado lobby pró-Israel - do qual o AIPAC é a organização mais estruturada e renomada - na política dos EUA, estes salientam que o leme da política externa estadunidense para com Israel é seu próprio interesse nacional, e não o lobby. Segundo, visou-se a um levantamento histórico sobre o AIPAC e uma análise de sua estrutura e de seu modo de atuação. Constatou-se, então, que o AIPAC - como uma organização de lobby, um grupo de interesse -, de acordo com a lei, não pode enviar contribuições financeiras diretamente aos políticos. Apurou-se, no entanto, que essa prática pode ocorrer de maneira indireta, por meio de, pelo menos, duas maneiras: através de seus próprios membros contribuindo individualmente; e/ou por via dos Political Action Committees (PACs) - instituições criadas especificamente para esse fim de levantar fundos para as campanhas políticas no intuito de eleger e derrotar candidatos, ou até mesmo influenciar os que já estão no Governo. E, terceiro, buscou-se sintetizar o estado da arte ao estudo histórico e estrutural sobre o AIPAC. Com base no diálogo entre as duas principais visões teóricas trabalhadas - sob uma ótica de complementaridade ao invés de exclusão -, ao lado do exame da ação do AIPAC na história, esse estudo nos levou a inferir que o AIPAC, fundado em 1959, no contexto da Guerra Fria, continua influente na política dos EUA, mesmo com a mudança no sistema internacional ao final da Guerra Fria.
Abstract: not available
Mestre
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Clauss, Michael Eric. "Creating truth : the Committee on Public Information and the growth of government propaganda in the United States /." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12162009-020228/.
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Gerbensky, Kerber Anne E. "Organizing for Health: A Poststructural Feminist and Narrative Analysis of a School Health Committee." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1311776134.
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Wong, Chi-hung, and 黃志紅. "Tenants' participation in public rental housing: a study of the Estate Management Advisory Committee Scheme in SunTin Wai Estate." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45008735.
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