Academic literature on the topic 'Commodity exchanges – Africa, Sub-Saharan'
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Journal articles on the topic "Commodity exchanges – Africa, Sub-Saharan"
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Ocran, Matthew, and Nicholas Biekpe. "Trends and volatility in sub Saharan Africa’s key primary commodity exports." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 10, no. 1 (February 21, 2013): 116–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v10i1.541.
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Using a GARCH model the paper sought to test the hypothesis that price volatility of key Sub Saharan Africa primary commodity exports, have not changed over the past four decades. Whilst crude oil, aluminium, cocoa and six others have not experienced significant change in price volatility over the period, nine other major commodities recorded changes. Efforts need to be made to extensively diversify the portfolio of agricultural commodity exports by including new products of which price volatilities in the past decades have been reduced. This is crucial for countries that depend on up to three primary commodities for the bulk of their foreign exchange earnings. Other measures such as value addition can also help in reducing impacts of unfavourable price movements.
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Sanya, Ogunsakin. "Commodity Price Shocks And Macroeconomic Performance In Sub-Saharan Africa." Archives of Business Research 8, no. 5 (May 25, 2020): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.85.7937.
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This study investigated the relationship between commodity price shocks and output growth in Sub-Saharan African countries using panel data which covered the period between 2005 and 2017. Data for the study were sourced from the World Development Indicators (WDI). Data base of the World Bank, The IMF’S International Financial Statistics (IFM) and Publications of Central Banks of various countries selected. The study employed Generalized Movement Average (GMM) as the estimation technique. Findings from the study showed that positive changes in the prices of export commodities has little positive impact on macroeconomic performance in Sub-Saharan Africa while negative price change has negative and significant impact on macroeconomic performance in Sub-Saharan African countries during study period. Based on these findings, the study therefore concludes that the relationship between commodity price shocks and macroeconomic performance in Sub-Saharan Africa is asymmetric. The study recommends that countries in Sub-Saharan Africa should introduce and implement policies to withstand shocks that may come from commodity price shocks such as economic diversification not only in area of agriculture but also in the area of industrialization and manufacturing.
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Klagge, Britta, and Hans-Martin Zademach. "International capital flows, stock markets, and uneven development: the case of Sub-Saharan Africa and the Sustainable Stock Exchanges Initiative (SSEI)." Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsgeographie 62, no. 2 (May 25, 2018): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfw-2017-0038.
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Abstract While for a long time only regarded as subordinate factors, it is meanwhile accepted that financial systems and capital flows play a key role for economic development and growth. Against this background many countries of the Global South founded new, or liberalised existing, stock exchanges, albeit with different results. Whereas in various Asian countries these markets have attracted sizable amounts of investment capital for domestic companies, this is not the case for most stock exchanges in Africa and especially Sub-Saharan Africa. Although there is an increasing number of Sub-Saharan African stock exchanges, the majority is institutionally weak, small, illiquid and thus unattractive to most international investors, resulting in low portfolio investment inflows to Sub-Saharan Africa. Nonetheless, Africa is becoming increasingly portrayed as continent of opportunities with immense growth prospects which led to a new and growing appetite for investment in Africa in general and Sub-Saharan Africa in particular. In this situation the new UN-supported Sustainable Stock Exchanges Initiative (SSEI) comes into play which aims at transforming stock markets into instruments for supporting sustainable development and green growth. Based on conceptual considerations surrounding the development-through-stock-exchanges argument, this exploratory research addresses the actors involved in this initiative and takes their rationales under closer scrutiny. We argue that the initiative not only serves as a tool for sustainable development, but also as a promoter and facilitator of new international investment opportunities, specifically for international and institutional investors in their drive to enlarge and diversify their portfolios – resulting in various challenges for Sub-Saharan stock exchanges and their local stakeholders.
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Naeije, G., F. N. Yepnjio, A. C. Bissek, E. N. Tabah, G. Tatah, J. Y. Fonsah, Y. Fogang, C. Kuate, B. Dachy, and A. K. Njamnshi. "Yield of training exchanges between Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa." Acta Neurologica Belgica 113, no. 1 (July 27, 2012): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13760-012-0116-z.
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Kohler, Marcel, and Thembeka Khumalo. "Upgrading Export Structure In Sub-Saharan Africa." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 14, no. 2 (March 2, 2015): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v14i2.9164.
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A major focus of research on trade policy reform relates to whether changes in global economic participation, brought about by such reform, provides for sustainable income growth in the countries concerned. The challenge for many African economies in this context is to improve their position in the global economy by upgrading their export structures. The authors empirical work suggests that export diversification is a critical first step in upgrading export structure in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. The authors find that the knowledge gained from the export diversification process, along with technology spillovers associated with FDI flows, are important drivers. Furthermore, they find evidence of learning by doing productivity gains from SSA exporting activity. On the whole, the authors do not find that the rise of Asian driver economies poses a significant threat to SSA export sophistication. What is crucial to the further success of SSA countries upgrading their export structure is government policy initiatives that prioritise the upgrading of infrastructure, human capital development and institutional reform. These efforts will ensure that SSA countries can realise real economic gains through improvements in their export structures rather than locking their economies into commodity dependence on the basis of their favourable natural resource endowments.
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Ordway, Elsa M., Gregory P. Asner, and Eric F. Lambin. "Deforestation risk due to commodity crop expansion in sub-Saharan Africa." Environmental Research Letters 12, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 044015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa6509.
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GADZEY, ANTHONY TUO-KOFI. "The State and Capitalist Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa." Comparative Political Studies 24, no. 4 (January 1992): 455–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414092024004003.
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Declining performance of the postcolonial African states suggest the inefficiency of centralization and or socialist strategy that currently dominates the region. The solution, however, is not a return to the largely unrestrained liberal economic models of the 1960s, such as import substitution industrialization or commodity export specialization. Whether from the left or right, the inability of all three models to define precise development roles for Africa state elites suggest their insensitivity to and inadequacy for the needs of these politically dynamic young states of Africa. An alternative model presented in this article would involve state elites in grass roots capitalist development. The model fosters decentralization and economic development without sacrificing rule legitimization and national integration as equal objectives. In many respects, the model is an attempt to adapt to African realities the norms of embedded liberalism that properly describe current Western liberalism.
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Green, Reginald Herbold. "COMMODITY AID AND COUNTERPART FUNDS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: SOME MACROECONOMIC ASPECTS." IDS Bulletin 23, no. 2 (April 1992): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.1992.mp23002004.x.
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Ji, Ting, and Faqin Lin. "Income from International Commodity Price Windfalls and HIV Infections in sub-Saharan Africa." Journal of African Economies 26, no. 5 (August 31, 2017): 607–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jae/ejx020.
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Staritz, Cornelia, Susan Newman, Bernhard Tröster, and Leonhard Plank. "Financialization and Global Commodity Chains: Distributional Implications for Cotton in Sub-Saharan Africa." Development and Change 49, no. 3 (March 10, 2018): 815–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dech.12401.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Commodity exchanges – Africa, Sub-Saharan"
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Ocran, Matthew Kofi. "Impact of commodity markets on economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18623.
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Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Commodity issues have assumed renewed importance in debates about the attainment of the United Nation’s Millennium Development Goals for Sub-Saharan Africa and objectives of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development. For instance thirty-four countries in Africa depend on up to three commodities for more than half of their foreign exchange earnings. Despite the importance of commodity markets to economic development on the continent commodity-related research has not attracted the needed attention. The study considered eighteen primary commodities exported by most countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The commodities were drawn from metals, agricultural raw materials, food and energy sub-groups. This dissertation presents results of research work underlying six stand-alone essays focusing on the relationship between commodities and various aspects of economic performance in Sub-Saharan Africa. Whilst three of the six essays dwelt on issues affecting commodities of interest to most African countries the others considered particular commodity markets in a selected number of countries. First the relationship between commodity markets and economic growth is studied. The second essay examined trends and volatility in Sub-Saharan Africa’s key commodity prices over the past four decades. Role of commodity prices in macroeconomic policy in South Africa is also investigated using a new research approach. The fourth essay estimated the supply response of a number of tradable and non-tradable agricultural commodities in Ghana. In the fifth essay a range of volatility forecasting models were evaluated using eighteen commodity spot prices. The last essay examined the interaction between changes in commodity prices, money supply, inflation and the real exchange rate in Ghana, Nigeria and South Africa. The findings of the study indicate that a negative relationship exist between extent of primary commodity dependence and economic growth. The study also revealed that volatility levels have not changed for nine out of the eighteen commodities studied however, changes were observed in the other nine. Another key finding of the study was that there is merit in using gold and metal prices as variables in forming monetary policy in South Africa. It was also observed that random walk and autoregressive models consistently outperform more complex models in forecasting volatility in commodity spot prices. Results of the supply response study suggest that even though producers usually respond to price incentives, structural features of domestic agricultural commodity markets in Ghana may have hindered the conversion of improved incentives to higher agricultural growth. Results of the last paper indicate that in Ghana commodity price increases impact money supply growth and inflation whilst in Nigeria the effects of crude oil price increases produces higher inflation and appreciation of the real exchange. In the case of South Africa effects of gold export booms were transmitted through changes in money supply, inflation and real appreciation of the domestic currency. The results of the study have implications for both decision makers in business and government.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kommoditeits-aangeleenthede het vernuwe belangrikheid in die debat rakende die vervulling van die Verenigde Nasises se Millennium Onwikkelings Doelwitte vir Sub-Sahara Afrika en die doelwitte van die Nuwe Vennootskap vir Afrika se Ontwikkeling aangeneem. By voorbeeld, vier-en-dertig Afrika lande is afhanklik van tussen een en drie kommoditeite vir meer as die helte van hul buitelandse valuta inkomste. Ten spyte van die belangrikheid van kommoditeits-markte vir ekonomiese ontwikkeling op die kontinent het kommoditeits-verwante navorsing nog nie die nodige aandag gekry nie. Die studie het agtien primêre uitvoer-kommoditeite wat deur die meeste Sub-Sahara Afrika lande uitgevoer word oorweeg. Die kommoditeite is afkomstig van metale, onverwerkte landbou produkte, voedsel en energie sub-groepe. Hierdie tesis bied die resultate van navorsing wat gedoen is op ses afsonderlike opstelle wat fokus op die verhouding tussen kommoditeite en verskeie aspekte wat die ekonomiese vertoning in Sub-Sahara Afrika beïnvloed. Drie van die ses opstelle fokus op faktore wat kommoditeite van belang vir meeste Afrika lande affekteer, terwyl die ander geselekteerde lande se unieke kommoditeits-markte oorweeg word. Die eerste opstel bestudeer die verhouding tussen kommoditeits-markte en ekonomiese groei. Die tweede opstel oorweeg tendense en volitaliteit in Sub-Sahara Afrika se belangrikste kommoditeits-pryse oor die afgelope vier dekades. Die rol van kommoditeits-pryse in Suid-Afrika se makro-ekonomiese beleid word ook ondersoek met behulp van 'n nuwe navorsings benadering. Die vierde opstel maak 'n skatting van Ghana se aanbod van verskeie verhandelbare en nie-verhandelbare landbou kommoditeite. In die vyfde opstel word 'n reeks volitaliteitsvoorspellings-modelle ge-evalueer deur agtien lokopryse te gebruik. Die laaste opstel bestudeer die interaksie tussen veranderinge in kommoditeits-pryse, geld aanbod, inflasie en die reële wisselkoers in Ghana, Nigerië en Suid-Afrika. Bevindinge van die studie dui daarop dat 'n negatiewe verhouding tussen die graad van primêre kommoditeits-afhanklikheid en ekonomiese groei voorkom. Die studie het ook bevind dat volitaliteits–vlakke vir nege van die agtien kommoditeite wat bestudeer is nie verander het nie, terwyl veranderinge in die ander nege waargeneem is. 'n Kritiese bevinding was dat daar meriete steek in die gebruik van goud en ander metal pryse as veranderlikes in die formulering van die monetêre beleid in Suid-Afrika. Dit is ook waargeneem dat “random walk” en autoregressiewe modelle deurlopend beter vaar in die voorspelling volitaliteit in kommoditeits lokopryse as komplekse modelle. Resultate van die aanbod respons studie dui daarop dat alhoewel produseerders gewoontlik reageer op prys insentiewe, struktule eienskappe van die binnelandse landbou kommoditeits-mark in Ghana moontlik die effek van verbeterde insentiewe op landbou groei kon beperk het. Resultate van die laaste opstel dui daarop dat kommoditeits-prys verhogings in Ghana die geld-aanbod groei en inflasie beinvloed, terwyl in Nigerië die effekte van ru-olie prys verhogings lei tot hoër inflasie en appresiasie van die reële wisselkoers. In die geval van Suid-Afrika word die effekte van die skielike groot toenames in goud-uitvoere die duidelikste waargeneem deur veranderinge in die geld-aanbod, inflasie en die reële appresiasie van die binnelandse geld-eenheid. Die resultate van die studie het implikasies vir beide besluitnemers in besigheide en die regering.
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Mpofu, Bekithemba. "The relationship between stock market returns and inflation : new evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/939.
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The literature investigating the relationship between stock market returns and inflation is long and has produced diverse findings. This thesis examines the nature of stock–inflation relations in Sub-Saharan countries whose stock markets were established before 1992. Evidence in this thesis shows that in the short term there is a positive relationship between stocks and inflation. Using the Johansen (1988) evidence, a long-run stock–inflation relationship is confirmed only in Nigeria and South Africa, where it is found to be negative. However, accounting for structural breaks provides evidence for a long-run relationship in Botswana, Ghana and Kenya. The evidence of the effects of regimes in the relationship is further supported by a nonparametric cointegration analysis which finds a long-run relation in countries where the Johansen (1988) method had failed. Unexpected inflation is also found to be related to stock returns in Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria and Mauritius, which raises concerns about the use of month-end stock data in analysing this relationship. The thesis confirms the existence of hidden inflation in Kenya, Mauritius, Nigeria and Zimbabwe. Imported inflation, interest rates and the exchange rate are found to have useful information about inflation movements in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Henry, Alexandre. "Essays on Economic Development in Commodity-Dependent Economies." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0076.
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La dépendance aux ressources naturelles entraîne de nombreux défis pour les décideurs publics. Fort de ce constat, se pose avec acuité la question suivante: dans quelle mesure les gouvernements des pays d’Afrique sub-Saharienne sont à même d’employer leurs leviers de politiques fiscales et monétaires afin de limiter les effets négatifs de la dépendance aux ressources naturelles et d’entraîner un cercle économique vertueux? Le second chapitre de la thèse distingue les mécanismes de court terme et de long terme de la dépendance aux ressources naturelles en utilisant une approche en deux temps: d’abord les variables explicatives sont cointégrées pour établir les relations de long terme puis un modèle à correction d’erreur est estimé pour capter les relations de court terme de retour à l’équilibre.Sur le long terme, l’effet négatif de la dépendance est confirmé. Cependant, les pays dotés d’institutions de mauvaise qualité sont plus vulnérables car non seulement ils subissent l’impact de long terme mais la dépendance aux ressources affecte négativement le processus de retour à l’équilibre sur le court terme. Enfin, les résultats montrent que dans le cadre d’institutions de qualité supérieure, la dépendance aux ressources naturelles peut avoir un impact positif sur la reprise économique. Dans un troisième chapitre, un modèle pvar compare les intéractions macro-économiques dans la zone monétaire franc CFA, ancré à l’euro, par rapport aux pays comparables hors zone franc CFA. En prenant en compte la forte présence de matières premières dans leurs exportations, les résultats montrent que la zone franc CFA ne subit pas de perte de compétitivité de par son appartenance à une zone monétaire. En revanche, les investissements directs de l’étranger n’entraînent pas des effets positifs sur la croissance de la même ampleur que ceux observés hors de la zone franc CFA. Le quatrième chapitre contribue à la littérature associée à la gestion optimale des ressources fiscales, notamment dans le cadre d’un boom des matières premières. Les résultats montrent que dans le cadre d’un accès réduit aux marchés de capitaux, les périodes de boom de matières premières sont des opportunités capitales pour stimuler la croissance via l’investissement public, alors que les contraintes fiscales sont temporairement relâchées. Toutefois, l’efficacité de ces accroissements d’investissement est conditionnelle à un niveau d’endettement public soutenableThis thesis belongs to the literature on natural resource dependence and brings a new perspective by focusing on the sub-Saharan African region. This dependence introduces numerous challenges for policy makers both in terms of fiscal and monetary policy. The main research question explored in this thesis is the following : to which extent sub- Saharan African governments can rely on fiscal and monetary policies to mitigate the adverse impacts of commodity dependence and trigger positive spillover and achieve sustainable growth? The second chapter of the thesis unfolds short-term versus long-term mechanisms of the resource curse by using a two-step analysis: an error-correction model is performed after co-integrating the explana- tory variables. Main findings highlight the crucial role of institutions. On the long run, the negative impact of the dependence is confirmed independently of the institution quality. However, countries with weak institutions are more vulnerable to the curse because the re- source dependence not only negatively impacts long-term growth but also adversely impacts the recovery process. Finally, in a strong in- stitutional environment, results points to a potential positive impact of natural resources during recovery process. In the third chapter, a panel vector auto-regressive model compares macro-economic interactions in the pegged CFA monetary union versus a comparable sample. Considering their export structure dominated by raw commodities, results suggests that the CFA zone members do not suffer from a loss of competitiveness from belonging to the monetary union. However, foreign direct investments fail to generate the same spillover effect in the CFA zone compared to non-CFA countries. The forth chapter provides insights on the optimal management of fiscal resources, especially during a windfall period. Growth elasticities of different government choices regarding revenue allocation is performed. Results show that in a con- text of limited access to capital, resource windfall are considered as a crucial opportunity to scale up investment. In fact, below a level of public capital stock (estimated around 750 USD per capita), public investment during a boom has a four-fold higher impact on growth than above the threshold. This scaling up is conditional on low levels of public debt: countries featuring unsustainable public debt levels should prioritize the restoration of stronger foreign reserves
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Tarnagda, Boukary. "Processus de création théâtrale contemporaine en Afrique subsaharienne francophone : vers une poétique de la relation." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20009.
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Mus par la volonté de découvrir et d’exploiter les ressources de l’Afrique, les Occidentaux y ont apporté leurs cultures, et notamment la langue française. En s’intégrant au quotidien des habitants, cette langue a exporté les différents éléments de sa culture, dont le théâtre qui se place désormais au coeur des rencontres entre les artistes de France et d’Afrique subsaharienne francophone.Par le prisme d’événements artistiques majeurs comme les festivals, les artistes ont trouvé des espaces centraux d’expression sur les deux continents. Ainsi, ils ont pu nouer des relations de travail avec leurs pairs du reste du monde. A certains niveaux, les échanges qui s’en sont suivi ont permis des rencontres fructueuses lors de manifestations comme le Festival des Francophonies en Limousin, mais aussi le FITMO/FAB au Burkina Faso et le FITHEB au Bénin, tous événements émanant de l’Afrique subsaharienne francophone.Avec la mondialisation, les rencontres entre dramaturges se soldent parfois par des échanges au sein même des textes produits. Elles conduisent à des relations de travail qui conduisent à des hybridations et à des métissages qui transforment sans doute la teneur des productions dramaturgiques. En nous appuyant sur un corpus de textes d’auteurs contemporains, nous formulons ici l’hypothèse que les échanges entre artistes transforment les conditions de production comme les esthétiques en vigueur, cette dynamique générant l’émergence d’une poétique de la relationDriven by the desire to discover and exploit the resources in Africa, the westerners brought their cultures there and in particular the French language. By integrating with the daily life of the inhabitants, this language has exported the different elements of its culture, including the theatre which is now at the heart of encounters between French and French-speaking sub-Saharan artists.By the prism of major events such as festivals, artists have found central spaces of expression on both continents. So, they were able to build working relationships with their peers in the world. At certain levels, the exchanges that followed made it possible to have fruitful meetings during events such as Festival of Francophone in Limousin, but also FITMO/FAB in Burkina Faso, and FITHEB in Benin, all events emanating from French-speaking sub-Saharan Africa.With globalisation, encounters between playwrights sometimes result in exchanges within the texts produced. They lead to working relationships that lead to hybridization and mixing which undoubtedly transform the contents of the dramaturgical productions. Based on a corpus of texts by contemporary authors, we formulate here the hypothesis that exchanges between artists transform the conditions of production as the aesthetics in force, this dynamics generating the emergency of a poetic of the relationship
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Ndlovu, Xolani. "Essays on commodity prices and financial market variables evidence from Sub Saharan Africa." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/26262.
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Wits business school in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in FinanceVolatility in international commodity prices is almost accepted as a stylised fact in modern financial markets. The drivers of commodity prices have evolved in addition to traditional global demand and supply factors. The literature suggests a number of other drivers, among them, activities of speculators – the so called “financialisation” of commodities postulate, the role of China and Fed policy. The question of whether exogenous shocks to commodity prices are transmitted through financial markets in Africa is investigated. In addition, the hypothesis of “wealth-transfer” from exporters to importers of commodities when prices fall is tested. Further, commodity prices are tested for their in sample and out of sample predictive ability. Finally recommendations are made for policy makers and financial market players in frontier markets in Africa. The three essays are organised in Chapters 3 to 5 of the study. In Chapter 3, an ARDL bounds testing approach is adopted and we find that a South Africa-specific commodity index significantly predicts (in-sample) the exchange rate in the short-run. While the long-run relationship is weak and the associated error correction process is slow existence of cointegration of commodity prices and the exchange rate suggests that commodities explain a significant part of terms of trade fluctuations for South Africa. With respect to the structural exchange rate models of the South African Rand, using the Dynamic Ordinary Least squares (DOLS) estimator, we find that commodity prices are significant and consistent explanatory variables of the changes in the nominal exchange rate. The commodity price variable improves the in-sample fit of the structural exchange rate models presented in this chapter and this evidence is robust to the other major Rand cross rates. Further, inclusion of the commodity price variable improves the out-of-sample short horizon forecasting ability of canonical exchange rate models. 2 In Chapter 4 we employ dynamic econometric modelling techniques to confirm the existence of a strong financial channel through which copper price shocks are transmitted to the Zambian economy. In the short run, changes in the copper price lead changes in all financial market variables. Financial market variables and the price of copper share a long-run equilibrium relationship. Importantly, if this system is out of its long-run equilibrium, short run corrections back to equilibrium are made by adjustments to the short term interest rate. Fittingly, the copper price-interest rate relationship appears strong in the long run. This result suggests that the policy makers “over-rely” on monetary policy to accommodate shocks from the international price of copper. The exchange rate and equity prices appear weakly exogenous to the system in-sample and out of sample. In Chapter 5, we confirm existence of a structural break in the price of oil in July 2008. We also show that the financial market time series for Kenya and Nigeria also exhibit a significant structural break around this period. We therefore partitioned our sample to investigate the effect of structural shocks to the financial markets of the two markets. On the whole, we find that the nexus between financial markets and oil prices is much stronger and statistically significant for an oil exporter (Nigeria) and weaker and statistically insignificant for a net oil importer (Kenya) after the 2008 financial crisis. Prior to the 2008 oil price shock, the results are roughly the opposite of the post oil shock period for both countries. Our results highlight that it is important to account for major structural shifts in modelling the impact of oil prices in developing countries (Le and Chang, 2011). The “wealth transfer” argument from net importer to net-exporters exists between Kenya and Nigeria in the short run although it is not robust to sample specification. Finally, we highlight the inherent flaws and limitations of ex-post stabilisation funds in Africa and make a case for market based oil-price hedging instruments. We argue for the adoption of market based hedging instruments given 3 the promising growth in financial markets of developing African countries in spite of several thorny implementation difficulties.
GR2019
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Koch, Pamela Kathleen. "Primary commodity dependence and agricultural diversification : the role of organic agriculture in trade and the implications for food security in sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/7913.
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Sub-Saharan Africa is marginalised in the world economy and lags behind other developing regions in world trade. This is attributable to sub-Saharan Africa's inability to industrialise and diversify its exports base. Sub-Saharan Africa is still largely dependent on the exports of primary commodities, and agriculture is a vital export sector for many Sub-Saharan African economies with the majority of their exports reliant on traditional commodities. Most countries in the sub-Saharan African region have low levels of agricultural output and food security problems. Against this background, this study first discusses the problems associated with primary commodity dependence and then examines the need and economic rationale for sub-Saharan Africa to diversify its exports from agriculture into other sectors. From this, it follows that, diversifying agricultural production and exports into organic produce could be one way to create a more sustainable development path for sub-Saharan African trade and food security. With this in mind, this study discusses the economic viability, including the policy considerations, for organic product diversification in sub-Saharan Africa. In addition, to ascertain the empirical position of this study, a statistical assessment of the supply-side food security situation in three sub-Saharan African major organic converters and exporters (Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda) is presented. The empirical results indicate that among the three countries, considering data trends and variances, Uganda's food security outlook is the most optimistic.Thesis (M.Com.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2011.
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Motepe, Mushaathama. "Liquidity and return in frontier equity markets." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23471.
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Thesis (M.M. (Finance & Investment))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, Wits Business School, 2017.The extent to which the liquidity has an impact on stock return continues to be an eagerly researched topic. The effect on liquidity on the return of stocks has been a greatly debated subject on the capital market theory. The thesis looks at the impact of liquidity on the stock indices return of eight frontier markets. The paper uses two methods to estimate the regression namely, unbalanced dynamic panel Generalised Method of Moments and Fixed Effect Model. An analysis on factors affecting liquidity was done and turnover ratio, Amivest ratio and Amihud ratio were used as a measure for liquidity. The correlation between stock return and the liquidity measure was mixed; with turnover ratio having a negative correlation. Amivest ratio has positive relationship consistent with the risk premium and was found to be significant. However, the correlation on the Amihud ratio was not consistent with the liquidity premium as it was found to be positive. Although negatively correlated to return, the turnover ratio was found to be insignificant.
MT 2017
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Dabengwa, Vusisizwe Noel. "The financial effect of cross listing on Sub-Saharan African exchanges for Johannesburg Stock Exchange, (JSE), listed companies." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23213.
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Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Management in Finance & Investment
in the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management Wits Business School at the University of the Witwatersrand
2017There are 29 formal stock exchanges on the African continent with 23 based in sub-Saharan Africa. The pace and stage of stock market development has varied among most of the countries as only four stock markets have more than 50 listed stocks; five have at least 20 listed stocks; and the remaining 14 have less than 20 stocks. The Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) stands out in Africa as by far the continent’s largest, most liquid and best regulated market and is home to some of the continent’s largest and most sophisticated companies. Cross listing refers to the listing of ordinary shares of a firm on an exchange other than the stock exchange in its registered jurisdiction. There are 24 JSE listed companies that have cross listed on other Sub-Saharan African stock exchanges. The bulk of these, (14), have cross listed on the Namibia Stock Exchange, 3 cross listed on Botswana Stock Exchange, 1 on the Nairobi Stock Exchange, 1 on the Ghanaian Stock Exchange, 3 on the Malawian Stock Exchange, 1 on the Zambian Stock Exchange and 1 on the Zimbabwean Stock Exchange. The study establishes the possible reasons and benefits of cross listing on other sub-Saharan exchanges for JSE listed companies. The study also provides insight into the possible effects, (financial as well as any others), of cross listing on other sub-Saharan African exchanges that a number of JSE listed entities have experienced. The study uses financial information collected from a public platform, (Sharedata), to compute financial ratio’s to determine the financial implications of the JSE companies cross listing on other sub-Saharan exchanges. The effects of cross listing on the JSE companies are then measured using latent growth curve modelling and a paired t test. The study concludes that there is no evidence to suggest that there are financial benefits for JSE listed companies to cross list on other sub-Saharan exchanges. The study further suggests that JSE listed companies should rather consider cross listing for qualitative reasons rather for any quantitative reasons.
MT2017
Books on the topic "Commodity exchanges – Africa, Sub-Saharan"
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Deaton, Angus. International commodity prices, macroeconomic performance, and politics in Sub-Saharan Africa. Princeton, N.J: International Finance Section, Department of Economics, Princeton University, 1995.
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Akiyama, T. Recent trends and prospects for agricultural commodity exports in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC (1818 H St., NW, Washington 20433): World Bank, 1989.
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Workshop on Commodidity Aid and Counterpart Funds (1991 : Institute of Development Studies), ed. Macroeconomic aspects of commodity aid and counterpart funds in Sub-Saharan Africa. Brighton, England: Institute of Development Studies, 1991.
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Akiyama, T. Adding up problem: Strategies for primary commodity exports in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: World Bank, International Economics Dept., International Trade Division, 1994.
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(Contributor), Diane Ciekawy, ed. Witchcraft Dialogues: Anthropological & Philosophical Exchanges (Ohio RIS Africa Series). Ohio University Press, 2002.
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(Editor), Peter D. Little, and Michael J. Watts (Editor), eds. Living Under Contract: Contract Farming and Agrarian Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa. University of Wisconsin Press, 1994.
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D, Little Peter, and Watts Michael, eds. Living under contract: Contract farming and agrarian transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Madison, Wis: University of Wisconsin Press, 1994.
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Hendrickson, Hildi. Clothing and Difference: Embodied Identities in Colonial and Post-Colonial Africa (Body, Commodity, Text). Duke University Press, 1996.
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Hendrickson, Hildi. Clothing and Difference: Embodied Identities in Colonial and Post-Colonial Africa (Body, Commodity, Text). Duke University Press, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Commodity exchanges – Africa, Sub-Saharan"
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Kilima, Fredy Timothy Mlyavidoga, and Lusato Revocatus Kurwijila. "Integrating Smallholder Farmers to Commodity Value Chains in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges, Prospects and Policy Issues." In Climate Impacts on Agricultural and Natural Resource Sustainability in Africa, 407–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37537-9_24.
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Nnamani, C. V., D. B. Adewale, H. O. Oselebe, and C. J. Atkinson. "African Yam Bean the Choice for Climate Change Resilience: Need for Conservation and Policy." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 453–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_203.
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AbstractGlobal warming has emerged as a major challenge to development and human wellbeing in Sub-Saharan Africa in general and Nigeria in particular. Periodic incidents show that this challenge will continue and increase in impact on all aspects of natural resources – agriculture, ecosystems services, biodiversity depletion, environmental degradation and human health. Recognizing the enormous potential of underutilized plant genetic resources (PGRs) is crucial as sources of solutions to a number of these threatening challenges emanating from climate change (food and nutrition insecurity, genetic erosion, loss of agro-biodiversity, green job growth and income generation) cannot be over-emphasized. Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst. ex. A. Rich) Harms., commonly known as African yam bean (AYB) belonging to the leguminous Fabaceae, is an underutilized PGR with rich portfolio which could serve as vital source of robust adaption and resilient germplasm for vulnerable local communities in Nigeria. Its substantial nutritional, environmental, cultural, social, medicinal, industrial and soil restorative potentials underpins its position as climate – smart species. Enhancing the potentials of African yam bean via robust innovative approaches for wider utilization through accelerated research, farmer seed exchanges, in-situ and ex-situ conservations, farmers selection, and policy programs such as seed sovereignty will accentuate its adaptation and used as resilient climate –smart species for the vulnerable groups in Nigeria to cushion impact of climate change.
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Hailu, Degol, and Chinpihoi Kipgen. "Diversification as a panacea for commodity price volatility in sub-Saharan Africa." In Handbook of BRICS and Emerging Economies, 340–50. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827535.003.0011.
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The prices of hydrocarbons and minerals are subject to severe fluctuations. As a result, commodity dependent countries in sub-Saharan Africa face serious fiscal and balance-of-payment deficits. In the short run, countries respond by changing output levels, withdrawing from sovereign wealth funds, drawing-down reserves, reducing public expenditure, scaling up domestic resource mobilization, and seeking external borrowing. However, all these options have serious drawbacks. In the long run, diversification of sources for tax and foreign exchange is the only viable solution. For instance, in commodity dependent countries, the manufacturing sector contributes 7 per cent of GDP, compared to 13 per cent in other resource dependent economies in Latin America, the Caribbean, and Asia. The current price shock presents yet another opportunity to embark on economic diversification strategies.
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Nsiah Frimpong, Benedicta, Samuel Oteng Ampadu, Allen Oppong, Isaac Nunoo, and Lydia Brobbey. "Phytophthora Diseases Prevalence, Its Effects and Controls in Ghana." In Agro-Economic Risks of Phytophthora and an Effective Biocontrol Approach [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99130.
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The success of the UN Sustainable Development Goals in reducing hunger and poverty is limited by crop losses. Globally, plant pests and diseases account for 40% yield losses which threatens food and nutrition security, livelihoods of citizenry and erode the resources of local and national economies. Phytophthora diseases are among the most important diseases in sub-Saharan Africa which result in severe socio-economic consequences. Roots and tubers and cash commodity crops are important staples and foreign exchange earner crops in Ghana which are significantly challenged by the incidence and severity of Phytophthora diseases. To ensure food availability, safeguard the local financial ecosystem and protect the environment, innovative and sound management practices are needed and this chapter reviews the different Phytophthora diseases on crops; more specifically with (cocoa and taro as case studies), the consequences and available management options that can be applied to manage the disease situation in Ghana.
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"Livestock Markets and Drought in Sub-Saharan Africa." In Economic Spaces of Pastoral Production and Commodity Systems, 265–80. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315578736-24.
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"From farm to supermarket: the trade in fresh horticultural produce from sub-Saharan Africa to the United Kingdom." In Geographies of Commodity Chains, 31–50. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203448694-8.
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Gladys Okafor, Ukamaka, Modinat Aderonke Olalaye, Hillary Chukwuemeka Asobara, and Ebuka Fidelis Umeodinka. "Global Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Public Health Supply Chains." In Evidence-Based Approaches to Effectively Respond to Public Health Emergencies [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97454.
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Health commodity supply chains are vital to a well-functioning health system and advancing national and regional health security goals. This study describes impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on these chains, learnings from it and the challenges faced by countries. It also provides futuristic strategic recommendations for the building of the supply chain to manage the impacts and guide pandemic responsiveness. We used the PRISMA guideline for systematic review to collate relevant information from both published and unpublished literature. Out of 622 screened records, 38 were included in the review. Major impacts were innovation, collaboration, increased technology, research and development, increased prices and shortage of health products, depletion of supply chain personnel. Challenges were lack of visibility, coordination, resilience and strategy for pandemics, potential substandard medicines epidemic, travel restrictions and inadequate scientific knowledge. The studies recommended increased local production and resilience of supply chains. The pandemic disrupted national and international supply chain systems of medical devices, essential medicines and pharmaceutical products due to border closures, transportation and international trade restrictions. It however exposed hidden potentials in Sub-Saharan Africa. There is need to develop supply chain strategy for emergencies, increase local production and talent pool for supply chain management particularly in Africa.