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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Common divisor'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Halawani, Hanan. "Blind image deconvolution using approximate greatest common divisor and approximate polynomial factorisation." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20141/.

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Images play a significant and important role in diverse areas of everyday modern life. Examples of the areas where the use of images is routine include medicine, forensic investigations, engineering applications and astronomical science. The procedures and methods that depend on image processing would benefit considerably from images that are free of blur. Most images are unfortunately affected by noise and blur that result from the practical limitations of image sourcing systems. The blurring and noise effects render the image less useful. An efficient method for image restoration is hence important for many applications. Restoration of true images from blurred images is the inverse of the naturally occurring problem of true image convolution through a blurring function. The deconvolution of images from blurred images is a non-trivial task. One challenge is that the computation of the mathematical function that represents the blurring process, which is known as the point spread function (PSF), is an ill-posed problem, i.e. an infinite number of solutions are possible for given inexact data. The blind image deconvolution (BID) problem is the central subject of this thesis. There are a number of approaches for solving the BID problem, including statistical methods and linear algebraic methods. The approach adopted in this research study for solving this problem falls within the class of linear algebraic methods. Polynomial linear algebra offers a way of computing the PSF size and its components without requiring any prior knowledge about the true image and the blurring PSF. This research study has developed a BID method for image restoration based on the approximate greatest common divisor (AGCD) algorithms, specifically, the approximate polynomial factorization (APF) algorithm of two polynomials. The developed method uses the Sylvester resultant matrix algorithm in the computation of the AGCD and the QR decomposition for computing the degree of the AGCD. It is shown that the AGCD is equal to the PSF and the deblurred image can be computed from the coprime polynomials. In practice, the PSF can be spatially variant or invariant. PSF spatial invariance means that the blurred image pixels are the convolution of the true image pixels and the same PSF. Some of the PSF bivariate functions, in particular, separable functions, can be further simplified as the multiplication of two univariate polynomials. This research study is focused on the invariant separable and non-separable PSF cases. The performance of state-of-the-art image restoration methods varies in terms of computational speed and accuracy. In addition, most of these methods require prior knowledge about the true image and the blurring function, which in a significant number of applications is an impractical requirement. The development of image restoration methods that require no prior knowledge about the true image and the blurring functions is hence desirable. Previous attempts at developing BID methods resulted in methods that have a robust performance against noise perturbations; however, their good performance is limited to blurring functions of small size. In addition, even for blurring functions of small size, these methods require the size of the blurring functions to be known and an estimate of the noise level to be present in the blurred image. The developed method has better performance than all the other state-of-the-art methods, in particular, it determines the correct size and coefficients of the PSF and then uses it to recover the original image. It does not require any prior knowledge about the PSF, which is a prerequisite for all the other methods.
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2

Freitas, Carlos Wagner Almeida. "EquaÃÃes diofantinas." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14655.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
O atual trabalho tem como objetivo principal estruturar estudantes, professores e amantes da matemÃtica para a melhor compreensÃo, interpretaÃÃo e resoluÃÃo de problemas que venham a ser solucionados usando-se as EquaÃÃes Diofantinas. Para isso, foram usadas tÃcnicas como o uso de inequaÃÃes e o mÃtodo paramÃtrico que sÃo conteÃdos estudados pelos professores do Ensino Fundamental e MÃdio. TambÃm foi utilizada para isso a apresentaÃÃo de vÃrios exemplos, todos resolvidos, que servirÃo como objeto de estudo para professores, universitÃrios, estudantes escolares e amantes da matemÃtica. No primeiro capÃtulo abordaremos os fatos histÃricos de grandes matemÃticos que contribuÃram com o desenvolvimento das EquaÃÃes Diofantinas. Jà no segundo capÃtulo, vamos conhecer melhor a essÃncia da Teoria Elementar dos NÃmeros, apresentando, demonstrando e exemplificando as ferramentas matemÃticas que serÃo utilizadas na resoluÃÃo das EquaÃÃes Diofantinas. Por fim, no terceiro capÃtulo, introduziremos as EquaÃÃes Diofantinas e os mÃtodos de determinaÃÃo de soluÃÃes das mesmas, aplicando-as em situaÃÃes-problema do cotidiano. A conclusÃo desse trabalho enfatiza a importÃncia da compreensÃo algÃbrica e geomÃtrica das EquaÃÃes Diofantinas, e que o contato com problemas desta Ãrea contribua para que o leitor desenvolva de modo criativo, suas habilidades cognitivas. à importante ressaltar que a introduÃÃo à resoluÃÃo de problemas dessa natureza nÃo necessita de conhecimentos superiores, podendo ser abordado no Ensino Fundamental e MÃdio.
The current work has as objective main to structuralize students, professors and loving of the mathematics for the best understanding, interpretation and resolution of problems that come to be solved using the Diofantinas Equations. For this, they had been used techniques as the use of inequalities and the parametric method that are contents studied for the professors of Basic and Average Education. Also the presentation of some examples, all decided, that they will serve as object of study for professors, collegeâs student was used for this, pertaining to school and loving students of the mathematics. In the first chapter we will approach the facts historical of great mathematicians who had contributed with the development of the Diofantinas Equations. No longer according to chapter, we go to better know the essence of the Elementary Theory of the Numbers, presenting, demonstrating and exemplifying the mathematical tools that will be used in the resolution of the Diofantinas Equations. Finally, in the third chapter, we will introduce the Diofantinas Equations and the methods of determination of solutions of the same one, applying them in situation-problem of the daily one. The conclusion of this work emphasizes the importance of the algebraic and geometric understanding of the Diofantinas Equations, and that the contact with problems of this area contributes so that the reader develops in creative way, its cognitive abilities. It is important to stand out that the introduction to the resolution of problems of this nature does not need superior knowledge, being able to be boarded in Basic and Average education.
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3

Valentim, Erivan Sousa. "A divisibilidade no Ensino Fundamental." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2017. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/jspui/handle/tede/2828.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The purpose of this work is to realize an approach about multiples and divisors, in- cluding the least common multiple and the greatest common divisor, owing to the difficulty that students feel when they faced with such content in basic education, aiming at a better understanding about it and an improvement in the learning of le- arners. The suggestion was applied in an 8th grade class at the Joaquim Limeira de Queiroz Agricultural Technical School, in the city of Puxinan˜ a - PB, in March 2017. They were addressed the definitions of multiples, divisors, prime numbers and the least common multiple and the greatest common divisor, and it was applied activities such as: bingo of the divisors, the sum of the magic square and the construction of the Sieve of Eratosthenes. Finally, we carried out an evaluation exercise with the objective of analyzing if the results regarding the content and the activities previously proposed were satisfactory.
A proposta deste trabalho é de realizar uma abordagem sobre os múltiplos e divisores, incluindo mínimo múltiplo comum e o máximo divisor comum, tendo em vista a dificuldade que os estudantes sentem ao se deparar com tal conteúdo na educação básica, objetivando um melhor entendimento a cerca do conteúdo e uma melhoria no que diz o respeito a aprendizagem dos educandos. A proposta foi aplicada em uma turma de 8 ano na Escola Técnica Agrícola Joaquim Limeira de Queiroz, na cidade de Puxinanã - PB, no mês de março de 2017. Foram abordados as definições de múltiplos, divisores, números primos e mínimo múltiplo comum e máximo divisor comum, e aplicadas atividades tais como: bingo dos divisores, a soma do quadrado mágico e a construção do Crivo de Eratóstenes. Por fim, realizamos um exercício avaliativo com o objetivo de analisar se os resultados a respeito do conteúdo e das atividades propostas anteriormente foram satisfatórias.
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4

Santos, Paula Daniele Borges dos. "Relação entre o máximo divisor comum, o mínimo múltiplo comum e o diagrama de Venn." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7119.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG
The present work intends to show an illustrative approach to calculate and understand Greater Common Divisor and Least Common Multiple, seeking a greater assimilation and concretization of the learning of this content. This methodology is presented in a chromological order following the evolution of mathematical concepts. Therefore, this text, aiming to produce a meaningful approach of the subject, seeks to expose in a simple way what comes to be the Prime Numbers according to Numbers Theory and Venn Diagram according to the Set Theory, in order to visualize and obtain the Relation between Greater Common Divisor, Least Common Multiple, and Venn Diagram.
O presente trabalho pretende mostrar uma abordagem ilustrativa para se calcular e entender Máximo Dividor Comum e Mínimo Múltiplo Comum, buscando uma maior assimilação e concretização da aprendizagem desse conteúdo. Esta metodologia é apresentada numa ordem cronológica seguindo a evolução dos conceitos matemáticos. Logo, este texto, visando produzir uma abordagem significativa do assunto, busca expor de forma simples o que vem a ser os Números Primos segundo a Teoria dos Números e Diagrama de Venn segundo a Teoria dos Conjuntos, para que assim se consiga visualizar e obter a Relação entre Máximo Divisor Comum, Mínimo Múltiplo Comum e o Diagrama de Venn.
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5

Lao, Xinyuan. "Structured matrix methods for a polynomial root solver using approximate greatest common divisor computations and approximate polynomial factorisations." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12818/.

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This thesis discusses the use of structure preserving matrix methods for the numerical approximation of all the zeros of a univariate polynomial in the presence of noise. In particular, a robust polynomial root solver is developed for the calculation of the multiple roots and their multiplicities, such that the knowledge of the noise level is not required. This designed root solver involves repeated approximate greatest common divisor computations and polynomial divisions, both of which are ill-posed computations. A detailed description of the implementation of this root solver is presented as the main work of this thesis. Moreover, the root solver, implemented in MATLAB using 32-bit floating point arithmetic, can be used to solve non-trivial polynomials with a great degree of accuracy in numerical examples.
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6

Souza, Leticia Vasconcellos de. "Congruência modular nas séries finais do ensino fundamental." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1441.

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Este trabalho é voltado para professores que atuam nas séries finais do Ensino Fundamental. Tem como objetivo mostrar que é possível introduzir o estudo de Congruência Modular nesse segmento de ensino, buscando facilitar a resolução de diversas situações-problema. A motivação para escolha desse tema é que há a possibilidade de tornar mais simples a resolução de muitos exercícios trabalhados nessa etapa de ensino e que são inclusive cobrados em provas de admissão à escolas militares e em olimpíadas de Matemática para esse nível de escolaridade. Inicialmente é feita uma breve síntese do conjunto dos Números Inteiros, com suas operações básicas, relembrando também o conceito de números primos, onde é apresentado o crivo de Eratóstenes; o mmc (mínimo múltiplo comum) e o mdc (máximo divisor comum), juntamente com o Algoritmo de Euclides. Apresenta-se alguns exemplos de situações-problema e exercícios resolvidos envolvendo restos deixados por uma divisão para então, em seguida, ser dada a definição de congruência modular. Finalmente, são apresentadas sugestões de exercícios para serem trabalhados em sala de aula, com uma breve resolução.
The aims of this work is teachers working in the final grades of elementary school. It aspires to show that it is possible to introduce the study of Modular congruence this educational segment, seeking to facilitate the resolution of numerous problem situations. The motivation for choosing this theme is that there is the possibility to make it simpler to solve many problems worked at this stage of education and are even requested for admittance exams to military schools and mathematical Olympiads for that level of education. We begin with a brief summary about integer numbers, their basic operations, also recalling the concept of prime numbers, where the sieve of Eratosthenes is presented; the lcm (least common multiple) and the gcd (greatest common divisor), along with the Euclidean algorithm. We present some examples of problem situations and solved exercises involving debris left by a division and then, we give the definition of modular congruence . Finally , we present suggestions for exercises to be worked in the classroom, with a short resolution.
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7

Silva, Luis Henrique Pereira da. "Uma aplicação da congruência na determinação de critérios de divisibilidade." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4600.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This work aims to demonstrate in a practical way the divisibility criteria 2-97 in sieve Eratostenes with cutting the right and the left, based on the method of multiplication and division Egyptian. The entire process is demonstrated using the divisibility to whole numbers, greatest common divisor, prime numbers, decomposition in prime factors and matching.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar de modo prático os critérios de divisibilidade de 2 a 97 no crivo de Eratóstenes com os corte a direita e a esquerda, baseando-se no método de multiplicação e divisão egípcia. Todo processo é demostrado utilizando a divisibilidade para números inteiros, máximo divisor comum, números primos, decomposi ção em fatores primos e congruência.
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8

Bértolo, Mónica Calvário. "Inteiros Gaussianos." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16826.

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9

Banava, Helen. "Inherited risk for common disease." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39908.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Biological Engineering Division, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-151).
Linkage disequilibrium studies have discovered few gene-disease associations for common diseases. The explanation has been offered that complex modes of inheritance govern risk for cancers, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and diabetes. Such studies, however, depended on the untested assumption of monoallelic risk. My research advisor and I set out to investigate whether simple forms of inherited risk, monoallelic or multiallelic, could be excluded by analysis of familial risk for a common disease, such as colorectal cancer (CRC). First, we derived formulae that describe the risk for monogenic, multigenic, and polygenic possibilities of Mendelian inheritance. Next, we obtained an estimate of minimum lifetime risk for CRC of >0.26. Then, we examined the case of late-onset CRC, using the Swedish Family Cancer Database (1958-2002) to estimate the familial relative risk for CRC diagnosis at age 50 or older, and obtained an estimated range of 1.5 to 3.0. We compared this range of actual values to the ranges of expected values for monogenic, multigenic, and polygenic modes of inheritance.
(cont.) We delimited bounds that can be placed on the conditions for various modes of inheritance. The key observation is that monogenic risk for CRC is included among various possibilities, and cannot be eliminated by existing observations. The arguments herein indicate that further efforts can and should be made to obtain more precise estimates of familial risk for CRC and other common forms of cancer.
by Helen Banava.
Ph.D.
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10

John, Shirley Diane. "The analysis of House of Commons' division list data." Thesis, University of Bath, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235796.

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11

Azpeitia, Camacho Marcia E. (Marcia Edna). "Common global architecture applied to automobile electrical distribution systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59222.

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Thesis (S.M. in System Design and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-112).
Electrical and electronic components have a prominent role in today's vehicles. Particularly during the last two decades, functionality has been added at an exponential rate, resulting in increased complexity, especially of the Electrical Distribution System (EDS), which is the backbone of the Electrical and Electronic System (EES). Increased content and complexity of electrical systems, together with pressure to reduce the design cycle time - to bring a larger variety of products to the market and at a faster pace - are forcing car companies to re-evaluate their existing electrical development processes. One of the ways that car makers have devised to accomplish this is a common EES architecture strategy, which consists in combining communization, standardization, reusability and best practices to create flexible EES architectural concepts that will be used in a higher number of derivative vehicles. This common architecture has several benefits, the most important being: reduction of development costs and time, which translates in less time for putting the products in the market; architecture, concepts and components reuse; rapid platform modifications, to adapt to market changes and regional preferences. The EES architecture choice for a vehicle is the result of the implementation of the desired functions in hardware and software. Many considerations need to be taken into account: costs, network capabilities, modularity, manufacturing, energy management, weight, among several others. The present work aims to explain these considerations, as well as the elements of the common EES, and in particular their impact on the EDS. Another important aspect for the successful implementation of the common architecture is the EDS development process. Despite the availability of a wide range of software tools, the current EDS approach is intensely manual, relying on design experts to define and maintain the interrelationships and complexities of the core design definition. There is a need to redefine the process, from concept to manufacture using a systems engineering approach, which would yield key benefits, like shorten development time, produce accurate harness manufacturing prints, reduce wiring costs by synchronizing all input and output data. An analysis of the tools and methods for design and validation of wire harnesses will be presented in the last two chapters of this thesis.
by Marcia E. Azpeitia Camacho.
S.M.in System Design and Management
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Rotondo, Pablo. "Probabilistic studies in number theory and word combinatorics : instances of dynamical analysis." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC213/document.

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L'analyse dynamique intègre des outils propres aux systèmes dynamiques (comme l'opérateur de transfert) au cadre de la combinatoire analytique, et permet ainsi l'analyse d'un grand nombre d'algorithmes et objets qu'on peut associer naturellement à un système dynamique. Dans ce manuscrit de thèse, nous présentons, dans la perspective de l'analyse dynamique, l'étude probabiliste de plusieurs problèmes qui semblent à priori bien différents : l'analyse probabiliste de la fonction de récurrence des mots de Sturm, et l'étude probabiliste de l'algorithme du “logarithme continu”. Les mots de Sturm constituent une famille omniprésente en combinatoire des mots. Ce sont, dans un sens précis, les mots les plus simples qui ne sont pas ultimement périodiques. Les mots de Sturm ont déjà été beaucoup étudiés, notamment par Morse et Hedlund (1940) qui en ont exhibé une caractérisation fondamentale comme des codages discrets de droites à pente irrationnelle. Ce résultat relie ainsi les mots de Sturm au système dynamique d'Euclide. Les mots de Sturm n'avaient jamais été étudiés d'un point de vue probabiliste. Ici nous introduisons deux modèles probabilistes naturels (et bien complémentaires) et y analysons le comportement probabiliste (et asymptotique) de la “fonction de récurrence” ; nous quantifions sa valeur moyenne et décrivons sa distribution sous chacun de ces deux modèles : l'un est naturel du point de vue algorithmique (mais original du point de vue de l'analyse dynamique), et l'autre permet naturellement de quantifier des classes de plus mauvais cas. Nous discutons la relation entre ces deux modèles et leurs méthodes respectives, en exhibant un lien potentiel qui utilise la transformée de Mellin. Nous avons aussi considéré (et c'est un travail en cours qui vise à unifier les approches) les mots associés à deux familles particulières de pentes : les pentes irrationnelles quadratiques, et les pentes rationnelles (qui donnent lieu aux mots de Christoffel). L'algorithme du logarithme continu est introduit par Gosper dans Hakmem (1978) comme une mutation de l'algorithme classique des fractions continues. Il calcule le plus grand commun diviseur de deux nombres naturels en utilisant uniquement des shifts binaires et des soustractions. Le pire des cas a été étudié récemment par Shallit (2016), qui a donné des bornes précises pour le nombre d'étapes et a exhibé une famille d'entrées sur laquelle l'algorithme atteint cette borne. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions le nombre moyen d'étapes, tout comme d'autres paramètres importants de l'algorithme. Grâce à des méthodes d'analyse dynamique, nous exhibons des constantes mathématiques précises. Le système dynamique ressemble à première vue à celui d'Euclide, et a été étudié d'abord par Chan (2005) avec des méthodes ergodiques. Cependant, la présence des puissances de 2 dans les quotients change la nature de l'algorithme et donne une nature dyadique aux principaux paramètres de l'algorithme, qui ne peuvent donc pas être simplement caractérisés dans le monde réel.C'est pourquoi nous introduisons un nouveau système dynamique, avec une nouvelle composante dyadique, et travaillons dans ce système à deux composantes, l'une réelle, et l'autre dyadique. Grâce à ce nouveau système mixte, nous obtenons l'analyse en moyenne de l'algorithme
Dynamical Analysis incorporates tools from dynamical systems, namely theTransfer Operator, into the framework of Analytic Combinatorics, permitting the analysis of numerous algorithms and objects naturally associated with an underlying dynamical system.This dissertation presents, in the integrated framework of Dynamical Analysis, the probabilistic analysis of seemingly distinct problems in a unified way: the probabilistic study of the recurrence function of Sturmian words, and the probabilistic study of the Continued Logarithm algorithm.Sturmian words are a fundamental family of words in Word Combinatorics. They are in a precise sense the simplest infinite words that are not eventually periodic. Sturmian words have been well studied over the years, notably by Morse and Hedlund (1940) who demonstrated that they present a notable number theoretical characterization as discrete codings of lines with irrationalslope, relating them naturally to dynamical systems, in particular the Euclidean dynamical system. These words have never been studied from a probabilistic perspective. Here, we quantify the recurrence properties of a ``random'' Sturmian word, which are dictated by the so-called ``recurrence function''; we perform a complete asymptotic probabilistic study of this function, quantifying its mean and describing its distribution under two different probabilistic models, which present different virtues: one is a naturaly choice from an algorithmic point of view (but is innovative from the point of view of dynamical analysis), while the other allows a natural quantification of the worst-case growth of the recurrence function. We discuss the relation between these two distinct models and their respective techniques, explaining also how the two seemingly different techniques employed could be linked through the use of the Mellin transform. In this dissertation we also discuss our ongoing work regarding two special families of Sturmian words: those associated with a quadratic irrational slope, and those with a rational slope (not properly Sturmian). Our work seems to show the possibility of a unified study.The Continued Logarithm Algorithm, introduced by Gosper in Hakmem (1978) as a mutation of classical continued fractions, computes the greatest common divisor of two natural numbers by performing division-like steps involving only binary shifts and substractions. Its worst-case performance was studied recently by Shallit (2016), who showed a precise upper-bound for the number of steps and gave a family of inputs attaining this bound. In this dissertation we employ dynamical analysis to study the average running time of the algorithm, giving precise mathematical constants for the asymptotics, as well as other parameters of interest. The underlying dynamical system is akin to the Euclidean one, and was first studied by Chan (around 2005) from an ergodic, but the presence of powers of 2 in the quotients ingrains into the central parameters a dyadic flavour that cannot be grasped solely by studying this system. We thus introduce a dyadic component and deal with a two-component system. With this new mixed system at hand, we then provide a complete average-case analysis of the algorithm by Dynamical Analysis
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13

Lee, Sang Jun. "CEACAM1 : a common regulator of fat metabolism and cell proliferation." Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=mco1218146004.

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Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Toledo, 2008.
"In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biomedical Sciences." Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: p. 74-82, 116-124, 146-192.
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Welch, David T. "Communicating reengineering at Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Southwest Division." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FWelch.pdf.

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15

Hodgins-Vermaas, Robert John. "A bit of binge, Montgomery's command of the 3rd division." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq24593.pdf.

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16

North, Marie-Odile. "Méiose normale et perturbations de la première division méiotique." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05CD03.

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@La méiose est le pivot de la reproduction sexuée et de la régulation de la transmission des gènes. Les mécanismes des accidents précoces survenant lors de la première division méiotique et l'incidence de tels accidents sur la reproduction humaine sont encore très mal connus. La première partie de cette thèse porte sur la caractérisation d'anomalies méiotiques chez des hommes infertiles. Dans une première série d'études portant sur 17 patients ayant une hypospermatogénèse histologiquement définie, nous avons montré que de façon quasi constante (mais avec des taux variables) la présence d'asynapsis des chromosomes homologues conduisait soit à la mort cellulaire (augmentation de la fragmentation de l'ADN) soit à la production de spermatozoides anormaux (augmentation du nombre de spermatozoides aneuploides). Cette approche a ensuite été appliquée à une série multicentrique de 247 hommes azoospermes. L'evaluation thermique intratesticulaire à l'aide de microcapteurs a permis de démontrer une corrélation entre l'élévation de la température testiculaire, les anomalies histologiques et les anomalies méiotiques et que la cure microchirurgicale de la varicocèle corrigeait les anomalies de la thermorégulation du testicule, aboutissant ipso facto à la normalisation de la méiose. Nous avons ainsi démontré que les anomalies méiotiques de classe IIC sont réversibles. La deuxième partie de notre travail vise à préciser l'incidence et le type des anomalies de la prophase de la méiose féminine, étudiée à la période fœtale. L'étude des chiasmas des chromosomes 21 et x chez 15 fœtus non porteurs d'anomalies chromosomique somatique ni d'anomalies de la différentiation gonadique a objectivé 30% d'anomalies pouvant conduire à la non disjonction de ces chromosomes et donc à la formation de gamètes aneuploides. En complément, l'analyse de fœtus trisomiques 21 a établi la fréquence de constitution de trivalents complexes lors de la première méiotique, expliquant la grande fréquence de production de gamètes aneuploides chez les femmes trisomiques 21.
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Bradford, Aprell Z. "Implementing a standardized purchase card program at Naval Facilities Engineering Command Southwest Division." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401432.

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Thesis (M.S. in Contract Management) Naval Postgraduate School, December 2001.
Thesis Advisor(s): Yoder, E. Cory ; Chick, Donald E. "December 2001." Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-102). Also Available online.
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Phillips, Rick W. "An analysis of the award fee process at Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Southwest Division." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401538.

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Thesis (M.S. in Contract Management) Naval Postgraduate School, Dec. 2001.
Thesis advisor(s): Tudor, Ron B.; Kennedy, Kenyon H. "December 2001." Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-56). Also available in print.
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19

Edmonds, Jennifer Echols. "An Investigation of the Effectiveness of the Division of Corporate Finance as a Monitor of Financial Reporting." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40437.

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This study uses the Securities and Exchange Commissionâ s (SEC) comment letters to investigate the SECâ s role as a monitor of financial reporting. I examine whether the SEC effectively comments on firms with poor disclosure quality. I utilize forward earnings response coefficients (FERC) as a measure of the marketâ s perception of disclosure quality. I expect comment letter firms to have lower disclosure quality and thus lower FERCs. Secondly, within the firms selected for comment, I investigate whether the Division allocates a greater amount of resources towards firms with more severe disclosure deficiencies. Results indicate that comment letter recipients have significantly lower forward earnings response coefficients than non- recipients. Results also document that comment letter recipients have lower contemporaneous earnings response coefficients than non-recipients. These findings are consistent with the DCF being effective in selecting firms that are perceived by the market as having low disclosure and earnings quality. However, within comment letter firms, I am unable to provide any evidence that the DCF allocates more resources to firms with lower forward earnings response coefficients.
Ph. D.
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20

Seekins, Ryan N. (Ryan Nicholas). "The Internet of things applied to command and control networks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106263.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, System Design and Management Program, Engineering and Management Program, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 92-96).
The number of people and things connected to the Internet continue growing at an exponential rate. This record setting growth along with the reduction in small sensor costs and machine learning enabled a concept called the Internet of Things (IoT) to thrive. With numerous applications in both commercial and government spaces, the IoT has the ability to transform any organizations network capabilities. The Air Force has a unique set of requirements centered on cyberspace superiority and the ability to command and control people and things. This paper leverages the traditional systems engineering "'V" model as a framework to develop and analyze a concept for an Air Force command and control network. Methods and tools such as stakeholder analysis, hierarchical control structures and object-process diagrams are used to develop the concept of operations, system architecture, and the preliminary design. The programs technology readiness is also assessed before outlining key milestones and deliverables required for transitioning the program forward in the acquisition life-cycle.
by Ryan N. Seekins.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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21

Eme, Laura. "Phylogénomique des structures multiprotéiques eucaryotes impliquées dans le cycle cellulaire et contribution à la phylogénie des eucaryotes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22037/document.

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Retracer l'histoire évolutive des eucaryotes est une question majeure en évolution et fait l'objet de nombreux débats. Le développement de techniques à haut débit, en particulier en protéomique et en génomique, a permis d'obtenir de nombreuses données pouvant être exploitées lors d'analyses évolutives. Dans ce contexte, les structures multiprotéiques eucaryotes (SME) constituent des objets d'intérêt. En effet, ces gros complexes protéiques sont impliqués dans de nombreux processus fondamentaux de la cellule eucaryote, et n'ont pas d'homologues chez les procaryotes (même si les fonctions dans lesquelles ils sont impliqués peuvent exister). Ils ont donc certainement joué un rôle prépondérant dans l'eucaryogénèse. L'analyse phylogénomique de deux SME impliquées dans la division cellulaire (le midbody et l'APC/C) montre que ces systèmes ont une origine évolutive ancienne et étaient déjà présents chez le dernier ancêtre commun des eucaryotes (LECA), tout en étant issus d'innovations eucaryotes. Ceci implique que l'émergence de ces deux SME s'est faite après la divergence de la lignée eucaryote et avant la diversification ayant donné naissance aux lignées actuelles. Au-delà de ces considérations évolutives, l'analyse de ces SME ouvre des pistes sur certains aspects de la biologie de ces systèmes. En effet, si ces systèmes ont été globalement bien conservés au cours de la diversification des eucaryotes, leur analyse révèle une grande plasticité de composition dans certaines lignées de protistes. Ceci suggère des changements récents concernant certaines étapes du cycle cellulaire de ces organismes qu'il serait intéressant d'explorerexpérimentalement.En parallèle, ce travail a montré que, bien qu'étant des protéines opérationnelles, lescomposants de ces SME portent un signal phylogénétique exploitable pour inférer les relations de parentés entre lignées eucaryotes. La construction de supermatrices à partir de ces protéines a permis l'inférence de phylogénies de qualité, même si non totalement résolues, dans lesquelles, par exemple, la monophylie des Excavata ou encore le placement des microsporidies au sein des Fungi est bien supporté. La combinaison de ces données avec celles issues d'analyses basées sur des protéines informationnelles montrent des avancées significatives concernant la résolution des arbres inférés. Ces résultats ouvrent le champ des possibles quant à la recherche d'autres marqueurs encore inexploités parmi les protéines opérationnelles. L'intégration de ces nouveaux marqueurs associée à l'augmentation de l'échantillonnage taxonomique représente une piste prometteuse pour l'avenir.Ce travail illustre l'intérêt de généraliser les approches évolutives intégrées des systèmes biologiques pour l'étude de l'évolution et de la phylogénie des eucaryotes
Tracing back the evolutionary history of eukaryotes is one of the major issues in the field of evolution and is hotly debated. The development of high throughput techniques, especially in proteomics and genomics has yielded extensive data that can be used in evolutionary analyses. In this context, eukaryotic multiprotein structures (EMS) are objects of interest. Indeed, these large protein complexes are involved in many fundamental processes of eukaryotic cells, and have no homologues in prokaryotes (even if the functions in which they are involved may exist) and therefore have certainly played a major role in the eukaryogenesis. The phylogenomic analysis of two EMS involved in cell division (the midbody and the APC/C) shows that these systems have an ancient evolutionary origin and were already present in the last common ancestor of eukaryotes (LECA), while resulting from eukaryotic innovations. This implies that the emergence of these two EMS occurred after the divergence of the eukaryotic lineage and before the diversification that gave rise to the current lineages. Beyond these evolutionary questions, analyses of these EMS uncover some biological aspects of these systems. Indeed, if these systems were generally well conserved during the diversification of eukaryotes, their analysis shows a high plasticity of composition in some protist lineages. This suggests that recent changes regarding certain phases of these organisms cell cycle which would be interesting to explore experimentally. Concomitantly, this work showed that, although being operational protein, components of these EMS carry a phylogenetic signal usable for inferring phylogenetic relationships among eukaryotic lineages. Construction of supermatrixes from these proteins led to the inference of phylogenies of high quality, even if not fully resolved, in which, for example, the monophyly of Excavata or the placement of Microsporidia within Fungi is well supported. Combining these data with those from analyses based on informational proteins show significant progress on the resolution of inferred trees. These results open the field of possibilities to find other markers among the untapped proteins operational. The integration of these new markers associated with increased taxonomic sampling represents a promising approach.This work illustrates the interest of generalizing integrated evolutionary approaches ofbiological systems for studying the evolution and phylogeny of eukaryotes
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22

Piveta, Adilson Haroldo. "Desenvolvimento de metodologia de cartografia digital para a recuperação de divisas de imóveis rurais através de escrituras e memoriais antigos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3138/tde-25062007-154820/.

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Esta dissertação de mestrado propõe técnicas de Cartografia Digital para um melhor embasamento técnico do Estado na defesa do patrimônio imobiliário estadual em ações judiciais que versem sobre questões relacionadas ao direito de uso e ocupação de terras públicas, em grande parte situadas em áreas de preservação ambiental e que resultam, muitas vezes, em indenizações milionárias contra o Estado. Segundo COSTA NETO (2006), a confusão que predomina na documentação da propriedade imobiliária em unidades de proteção integral favorece a ocorrência de ações ilegais e dificulta a resolução de conflitos, constituindo um dos principais obstáculos às ações governamentais para implantação e proteção dessas unidades. Favorece, ainda, a existência da denominada \"indústria das desapropriações\", por meio de uma corrida em busca de grandes somas de indenizações pelo poder público. Desta forma, torna-se fundamental a adoção de procedimentos técnicos que incorporem metodologias modernas de Cartografia Digital a fim de que possam ser compatibilizadas plantas, escrituras e memoriais descritivos antigos à bases cartográficas georreferenciadas e unificadas, a fim de agilizar trabalhos de defesa dos interesses do Estado, poupando o erário público de indenizações improcedentes. Para tanto, tomou-se como objeto de estudos a Reserva Florestal do Curucutú, imóvel do Governo do Estado de São Paulo, com características técnicas bastante diversificadas, e que bem serviu de paradigma para o estabelecimento e aplicação dos procedimentos nos demais imóveis.
This master thesis proposes techniques of Digital Cartography for the enhancement of the technical bases of the State in the defense of its real state patrimony in judicial actions regarding the issues related to the right of use and occupation of public lands, in great part located in areas of environmental preservation resulting, many times, in millionaire indemnifications against the State. According to COSTA NETO (2006), the predominant confusion on the real state property documentation in units of whole protection favors the occurrence of illegal actions and turns the conflicts resolution difficult, constituting one of the main hindrances to the governmental actions for the implementation and protection of those units. It favors yet the existence of the so called \"Power to Seize Industry\", through a rush in search of great sum of indemnifications by the Public Power. Therefore, it is of fundamental importance the adoption of technical procedures which incorporate modern methodologies of Digital Cartography so the plans can be compatible, deed and old descriptive memorials to cartographic bases geo-referred and unified, in order to streamline the work in defense of the State interests, saving the treasury from unsuitable indemnifications. For in such a way, the Forest Reserve of the Curucutú was overcome as object of studies, property of the Government of the State of São Paulo, with characteristics techniques sufficiently diversified, and that it served of paradigm for the establishment and application of the procedures in the excessively immovable ones well.
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23

VIALLON, Christophe. "Optimisation de structures différentielles en technologie SiGe pour applications en bande millimétrique. Application à la conception d'un mélangeur doublement équilibré en bande K." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011033.

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Cette thèse apporte une contribution à l'évaluation des potentialités de filières SiGe de type BiCMOS pour les futures applications de télécommunications en bande millimétrique. Dans ce cadre, les topologies équilibrées ou différentielles sont très attrayantes, en raison de leur bonne immunité aux perturbations électriques et électromagnétiques. La montée en fréquence des applications hyperfréquences sur silicium s'accompagne de nouvelles difficultés. Les pertes introduites par les éléments passifs augmentent et les performances des structures différentielles classiques chutent très rapidement. Il est alors nécessaire d'exploiter d'autres techniques et de rechercher des topologies innovantes permettant la réalisation de fonctions équilibrées performantes. Une première partie est consacrée à l'évaluation des potentialités des différentes technologies d'interconnexions (microruban, guides coplanaires et lignes à rubans coplanaires) exploitables pour la conception de circuits monolithiques sur silicium. Dans un second temps, une bibliothèque d'inductances optimisées pour une utilisation en bande K et Ka est constituée. Les mécanismes physiques à l'origine des pertes dans ce type d'élément sont détaillés afin de dégager les solutions permettant d'améliorer leurs performances. Une deuxième partie traite de l'optimisation des performances des circuits différentiels pour les futures applications dans la gamme 20-40 GHz. Dans un premier temps, nous détaillons les caractéristiques hautes fréquences du transistor qui pénalisent le fonctionnement d'une structure différentielle classique. Des topologies de structures différentielles originales permettant de résoudre ce problème sont ensuite proposées. Ces structures sont appliquées à la conception d'un diviseur de puissance actif 180° original, optimisé pour une fréquence centrale de fonctionnement de 20 GHz. Enfin, un convertisseur de fréquences 20 GHz vers 1 GHz a été conçu et réalisé. Celui-ci intègre, outre le mélangeur, le s trois coupleurs actifs 180° nécessaires à la génération / recombinaison des signaux différentiels utiles au mélangeur. La caractérisation de ce convertisseur de fréquences démontre la pertinence des configurations choisies pour les interconnexions ainsi que le grand intérêt des structures différentielles originales mises en Suvre.
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Viallon, Christophe. "Optimisation de structures différentielles en technologie SIGE pour applications en bande millimétrique : application à la conception d'un mélangeur doublement équilibré en bande K." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30223.

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25

Klopson, Jadon E., and Stephen V. Burdian. "Collaborative applications used in a wireless environment at sea for use in Coast Guard Law Enforcement and Homeland Security missions." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2311.

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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited
This thesis analyzes the potential impact of incorporating wireless technologies, specifically an 802.11 mesh layer architecture and 802.16 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, in order to effectively and more efficiently transmit data and create a symbiotic operational picture between Coast Guard Cutters, their boarding teams, Coast Guard Operation Centers, and various external agencies. Two distinct collaborative software programs, Groove Virtual Office and the Naval Postgraduate School's Situational Awareness Agent, are utilized over the Tactical Mesh and OFDM network configurations to improve the Common Operating Picture of involved units within a marine environment to evaluate their potential impact for the Coast Guard. This is being done to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of Coast Guard units while they carry out their Law Enforcement and Homeland Security Missions. Through multiple field experiments, including Tactical Network Topology and nuclear component sensing with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, we utilize commercial off the shelf (COTS) equipment and software to evaluate their impact on these missions.
Lieutenant Commander, United States Coast Guard
Lieutenant, United States Coast Guard
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26

Šťastný, Petr. "Reálné rozdělení nemovitosti - zemědělské usedlosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232666.

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The present diploma thesis ‘Practical Division of a Real Estate – Agricultural Farmstead‘ is concerned with actual division of an agricultural homestead in XXX, the district of Olomouc. Based on the local examination which has been performed and after analyzing documents acquired from the owners, conclusions were drawn as to the possibility of dividing the estate while adhering to the applicable regulations of the civil procedure, construction law, construction technology, operational technology and economy. Valid price guidelines were used to determine the price of the estate and a comparative price of the estate was also estimated. Both price levels were also determined for the individual parts established by the practical division of the estate. The thesis consists of two basic sections. The first section focuses on theory, explaining the problem of practical division of an estate and providing a description of work of a certified expert drawing up this type of expert opinion. The second section comprises a practical part, which contains the expert opinion on the actual division of the agricultural homestead in the town of XXX in the Olomouc district.
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Lacire, François. "Pas spécialement poétique : Dé-spécialisation de la poésie au tournant du 21ème siècle : à partir des oeuvres de Nathalie Quintane et Christophe Tarkos." Thesis, Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPHF0002.

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La poésie parle de poésie ; les poètes parlent aux poètes. Ces évidences sont celles de la Modernité poétique, qui entérine à la fois les licences de la poésie, les missions du poète et leur cantonnement. Or, lorsque Nathalie Quintane, au dos de Chaussure (1997), écrit qu’elle entend « parle[r] vraiment de chaussure », et qu’il s’agit d’« un livre de poésie pas spécialement poétique, de celle qui ne se force pas », elle déclare s’émanciper du lieu spécifique du discours qu’a fini par désigner le nom « poésie ». Lorsque Tarkos, à de nombreuses reprises dans toute l’œuvre, affirme que la poésie est un discours de vérité et de clarification logique, d’exactitude restrictive, de pragmatisme et d’efficacité, de discernement, il lui assigne des taKches qui l’éloignent du canton du discours auquel une certaine tradition l’assigne. Tous deux diffusent et diluent la question épistémique propre de la poésie dans l’ensemble du champ épistémologique ; ils font du capharnaüm des discours spécifiques l’environnement de réception et l’échelle d’évaluation générale du discours poétique. Notre première partie propose le couple question-de-la-poésie / question-si-la-poésie pour caractériser le renouvellement, dans les années 90, du jeu des questions adressées à la poésie dans la Modernité. Notre seconde partie élargit les cadres de cette problématique : à l’échelle de la longue durée, interroger la pertinence de la poésie comme savoir, discours, licence, revient à interroger la légitimité du personnage du poète à savoir, à parler, à s’excepter. Dans un va-et-vient entre intrigue courte (Francis Ponge, Jean-Marie Gleize, Christian Prigent) et intrigue longue (Platon, les premiers sophistes, le Romantisme allemand, Heidegger), la thèse confronte son corpus aux spécifications traditionnelles de la poésie, aux licences plus ou moins empoisonnées qu’on preKte au « poème », aux privilèges plus ou moins exclusifs et excluants qu’on accorde au « poète ». Les œuvres de Quintane et Tarkos s’y révèlent particulièrement radicales : elles tendent à contester toute spécificité de la poésie, envisagée comme une activité publique et séculière (aux prises, comme tout discours, avec le courant de la langue), critique d’une division du travail discursif, et attentive à ne pas laisser se reconstituer, dans la référence persistance aux schèmes archaïque, classique, romantique, moderne, un clergé poétique en charge de dire la vérité de l’EYtre, de sonder les profondeurs de l’expérience, ou de relever le langage ordinaire de ses compromissions mondaines. Poésie ne désigne plus alors ni un lieu sur du discours, ni un non-lieu du savoir, mais une « pensée critique » (Quintane) que seules spécifient la méfiance devant toute spécialité et l’assomption conséquente de la condition idiomatique la mieux partagée : ne pas savoir ce qu’on va dire
Poetry talks about poetry; poets speak to poets. These have become self-evident tenets of a poetic modernity that has at once claimed a specific license for poetry and specific missions for the poet, and assumed their privileged isolation. When Nathalie Quintane writes on the back cover of Chaussure (“Shoe”, 1997) that “it really talks about shoes”, and that it is “a book of poetry that is not especially poetic, of a poetry that doesn’t force itself”, she emancipates herself from the specific locus of discourse that has come to be called “poetry”. When Christophe Tarkos affirms, on many occasions throughout his work, that poetry is a discourse of logical truth and clarification, of restrictive accuracy, of pragmatism and efficacy, as well as of discernment, he assigns tasks to it that remove it from the region of discourse to which it has long been assigned by so many traditions. Both Quintane and Tarkos diffuse and dilute the epistemic “question of poetry” (“la question de la poésie”, a very common phrase in French modernism) throughout the epistemological field ; they make the hodge-podge of all specific discourses into the general environment of reception and the general scale against which poetic discourse is measured. The first part of this thesis offers the coupling “question-of-poetry” / “question-if-poetry” as a way of characterizing the renewal, at the beginning of the 1990s, of the series of questions addressed to poetry in modernity. The second part broadens the scope of this problem: in the long-term, questioning the relevance of poetry as knowledge, discourse, and license amounts to questioning the character of the poet’s entitlement to know, to speak, and to make themselves into an exception. In a to-and-fro between a short plot (Francis Ponge, Jean-Marie Gleize, Christian Prigent) and a long plot (Plato, the sophists, German Romanticism, Heidegger), this thesis confronts the traditional specifications of poetry, the more or less poisoned kinds of license attributed to “the poem”, the more or less exclusive and excluding privileges granted to “the poet”, with the works of Quintane and Tarkos. From this perspective, the works of Quintane and Tarkos are radical : they tend to contest the attribution of any specificity to poetry (which they consider to be a public and secular activity that is subject to ordinary language), they are critical of the contemporary discursive division of labour, and strive to render impossible, by continual reference to archaic, classical, romantic, and modern schemas, the reconstitution of a poetic clergy in charge of telling the truth of Being, probing the depths of experience, or raising ordinary language out of its worldly compromises. Here, the word “poetry” no longer refers to a safe place of discourse or a non-place of knowledge, but to a kind of “critical thought” (Quintane) that is suspicious of any form of specialization, and assumes the same idiomatic condition as everyone : not knowing, as you start speaking, what you’re about to mean
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28

Wu, Wang, and 王禹. "Math Instructional Structure Methods apply to common divisor and common multiple in junior high school." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95720332600341648902.

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碩士
國立臺中教育大學
數學教育學系
103
Abstract This study was to explore Math Instructional Structure Methods applying to common divisor and common multiple in junior high school. State a mathematical common divisor and common multiple of research unit. The research objects are the public school’s students together with my own cram students.By analyzing the concept mapping, the subject of distribution for the most effective to achieve the best educational outcomes. 1. Math Instructional Structure Methods apply to the rank of the monthly exam on the sort, the majority reached the top few in the class. 2. Math Instructional Structure Methods in Common Factor and the concept of common multiple achieve the effectiveness of teaching. 3. Math Instructional Structure Methods in Common Factor and the concept of common multiple can improve the effectiveness of teaching in a short time. 4. Math Instructional Structure Methods in Common Factor and the concept of common multiple achieve the effect of teaching by using reinforcing teaching. 5. Studies have shown that the structure of the series in improving mathematics teaching has great effect. Mathematical structure of the series is based on the concept mapping. Research shows that after the use of concept mapping analysis on public schools, cram monthly exam results, access to significant teaching effect. Keywords：concept mapping、common divisor and common multiple、 the rank of the exam on the sort、reinforcing teaching
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29

Lai, Rong-Ying, and 賴容瑩. "The Study of Seventh Grade Students’Problem-Solving Difficulties in Greatest Common Divisor and Least Common Multiple." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61916045621515883037.

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碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
科學教育研究所
94
The purpose of this study is two-folded. First, it attempts to find out the difficulties of seventh grade students in solving greatest common divisor and least common multiple problems. Second, it explores why students con not discriminate when to use the concept of greatest common divisor and least common multiple. This study adopted a qualitatively approach and was executed in three stages, each with its specific purpose. At first, this study began with administering to seventh grades general routine problems. Through in-depth interviews, it was found that students had problem schema and could simply use their memories to solve problems. After discussing with an expert and a research group, it was decided that a new non-routine problem was needed understand where lied the students’ problem-solving difficulties. This was the first stage, namely, the explorative stage. In the second stage, the creative stage, a novel problem format was created for the study. A number of seventh graders were interviewed in order to make sure that the item was unseen at their level. Proper wordings were also decided as a result of the interviews. A pilot study on thirty-seven seventh graders was then executed to test out the proper functioning of the item. The third stage is the formal stage. Early on in this stage, it was decided that only one item was insufficient, and another problem that have the same structure but different problem-solving concept was created. Together they formed the major test instrument of this study. The formal data collection was done by interviewing twenty-four seventh graders with different academic ability and different gender. Data analysis was performed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The major finding of this study about the difficulties of seventh graders in greatest common divisor and least common multiple problems were as follows. First, they had difficulties in understanding the problems. Some students could not translate the problems to mathematical representations. Some could not clarify the conditions in the problems, and some could not identify what is the useful condition in the items. Second, they had difficulties in understanding the concept of divisibility, some students think divisibility is equivalent to having no remainders. They tended to neglect the condition that “the quotient is an integer”. Besides, most students could not understand the numerical relationship between A and B in the phrase “ A is divisible by B”. Third, some students had difficulties in basic concepts. They misunderstood the concepts of “common ”,“greatest” and “least” , and they were confused with the relationship among the various terms (i.e. multiple, common factor, common multiple, greatest common divisor and least common multiple). Forth, they tended to rely on short division too much and made mistake easily during the process of using short division. Fifth, they had difficulties about identifying what were the unnecessary condition in the problems. Sixth, some students had difficulties about determining whether there was only one answer or numerous answers to the problems. Seventh, some medium and low ability students knew that the concepts of factors and multiples based on are related to the concept of divisibility. However, they could not determine whether they should find factors or multiples. Three reasons were identified regarding why students could not discriminate between applying the concept of greatest common divisor or least common multiple. First, they only had partial problem schema to solve the problems. Second, they tend to decide whether to find factors or multiples by whether the number to be formed is big or small. Yet, some students could not correctly determine whether the unknown will be bigger or smaller. Third, they could not understand the numerical relationship between A and B in “ A is divisible by B ”. This study suggested that mathematics teachers should identify who among the students have problems in understanding the question. Efforts should be directed at helping them to understand the question first. Also, teachers should enhance students’ understanding of the concept of divisibility. Moreover, they should help students to build stronger problem schema with respect to the greatest common divisor and the least common multiple problems.
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Tsai, Pei-Jung, and 蔡沛融. "The Study of Fifth-Grade Low-Achievers Performances on Solving Word Problems of The Greatest Common Divisor and The Least Common Multiple." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73942c.

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碩士
國立臺中教育大學
教師專業碩士學位學程
106
The purpose of this study was to explore fifth-grade low-achievers performances on solving word problems of the greatest common divisor [gcd] and the least common multiple [lcm. The participants were twenty-six 5th graders from one elementary school at New Taipei City. Self-constructed pater-and-pencil test was given. In addition, three students were selected for semi-structured interviews based on their responses of the test. The results were as follows: 1. The differences between the correct rate of the gcd and the lcm of the low-achievers and the average of the whole class were greater than the difference between other concept. Low-achievers performed better on the basic calculation problems on the gcd and the lcm compared to the word problems. 2. Varied problem-solving methods were used by the 5th-grade low-achievers. In the gcd word problems, low-achievers might be able to: figure out correct divisor of two numbers and chose the correctly gdc; find correct divisor of two numbers and chose correctly common divisors; figure out correct divisor of two numbers but could not write all the common divisors of two numbers; find correct divisor of two numbers. In the lcm word problems, even though some participants were aboe to solve the problem correctly, the others were confused between gcd and lcm, and list all divisors of two numbers and find their common divisor(s). 3. Mistakes of low-achievers’ thinking on solving gcd and lcm word problems of included: calculation without understanding the meaning of the question, and ignore the important information of the context. 4. There were three common factors influencing low-achievers’ problem-solving: they couldn’t understand the words of the problem; they did not recheck their answers due to spending too much time writing the exam; the problem descriptions were different from the textbook.
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Huang, Lin Ching, and 林清煌. "The Junior High School Mathematical Instructional Courseware and the Computerized Adaptive Diagnostic Test Developments Based on Bayesian Networks－On the Unit “Greatest Common Divisor and Least Common Multiple”." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49491632923677355548.

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碩士
亞洲大學
資訊工程學系碩士在職專班
97
The purpose of this study is to develop the digital teaching materials and computerized adaptive diagnostic test (CADT) grounded in Bayesian Networks of the unit “Factor and Multiple”, “Greatest Common Divisor and Least Common Multiple” in Seventh Grade Mathematical Class.Which apply to the teaching and the remedial teaching.That hope it can simultaneously achieve the teaching, the diagmosis of the assessment, the remedial teaching effects by a learning experiment. In order to examine the effects of the digital teaching materials, the subjects are divided into the experimental group and the control group. The teacher in the experimental group use the digital teaching materials, the teacher in the control group teaches in traditional methods. Then discuss the effects of the teaching, the remedial teaching, CADT, the remedial teaching on the digital teaching materials model according to the analysis of the teaching experiment. The results are: 1. After taking experimental instruction, 8.23 items are omitted and prediction accuracy can reach 93.11% of the unit “Factor and Multiple”. 7.30 items are omitted and prediction accuracy can reach 93.11% of the unit “Greatest Common Divisor and Least Common Multiple”. 2. After taking remedial instruction, 16.93 items are omitted and prediction accuracy can reach 88.25% of the unit “Factor and Multiple”. 11.10 items are omitted and prediction accuracy can reach 91.01% of the unit “Greatest Common Divisor and Least Common Multiple”. 3. With regard to the teaching effect, there is no significant difference on students’ average scores between the experimental group and the control group of the unit “Factor and Multiple”. The reason might be that the students have learned “Factor and Multiple” in elementary school, therefore they have abundant prior knowledge. The effect of the experimental group is better than the effect of the control group on the unit “Greatest Common Divisor and Least Common Multiple”. 4. With regard to the remedial teaching effect, the effect of the experimental group is significantly better than the effect of the control group on both of the two units. 5. In both of the two units, no matter the students in the high-scored subgroup, the middle-scored subgroup, or the low-scored subgroup of the experimental group , they have significant progress on their average scores with using the digital teaching materials. Moreover, the progress score of the low-scored subgroup is the most obvious.
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32

Kuřátko, Jan. "Analýza výpočtu největšího společného dělitele polynomů." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-304105.

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In this work, the analysis of the computation of the greatest common divisor of univariate and bivariate polynomials is presented. The whole process is split into three stages. In the first stage, data preprocessing is explained and the resulting better numerical behavior is demonstrated. Next stage is concerned with the problem of the computation of the numerical rank of the Sylvester matrix, from which the degree of the greatest common divisor is obtained. The last stage is the actual algorithm for calculating the greatest common divisor of two polynomials. Furthermore, the underlying theory behind the computation of the greatest common divisor is explained and illustrated on many examples. 1
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Chen, Cheng-Sheng, and 陳正昇. "The Study of Computing The Greatest Common Divisor of Polynomial in GF(p^m) Based on Right-shift K-ary Algorithm." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82235690441547202566.

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碩士
義守大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
96
The Euclidean algorithm is the ancient and the most common algorithm used for computing the greatest common divisor of polynomials (GCDP) in Galois fields GF(2^m). But it is inefficient for computing GCDP in the long polynomials. In 2006, Argüello improved the Euclidean algorithm by using the Lehmer''s algorithm to reduces the number of long polynomial operations. Argüello''s algorithm aims at calculating the GCDP in the long polynomials. The leading terms of two polynomials inputs are extracted to compute the continued fractions. These continued fractions are used to calculate the next two polynomials which remain the original GCDP. In this thesis, we modified Right-Shift K-Ary algorithm to calculate the GCDP in Galois fields GF(p^m), where p is prime and m is an integer. K-Ary algorithm is much efficient than Lehmer''s algorithm in computing GCD of integers. We replace the divide operator by linear combination ( add operator and multiplication ) because the former is relatively expensive than the latter. Give two polynomials, we use their leading terms to find their linear combinations. Using these linear combinations, we can construct two new polynomials and prove that the new polynomials remain the same GCDP. According to our analysis, we require O( (log p) × m^2 ) operations. In the simulation , our algorithm is faster about 6% than Argüello''s algorithm in GF(31^7000).
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34

Eckstein, Jiří. "Transformace Sylvestrovy matice a výpočet největšího společného dělitele dvou polynomů." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-340859.

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In this thesis we study the computation of the greatest common divisor of two polynomials. Firstly, properties of Sylvester matrices are considered as well as their role in computation. We then note, that this approach can be naturally generalized for several polynomials. In the penultimate section, Bézout matrices are studied as an analogy to the Sylvester ones, providing necessary comparison. Extension for more than polynomials is presented here as well. Algorithms corresponding to the individual approaches are presented as well. Finally, the algorithms are implemented in MATLAB and are compared in numerical experiments. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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35

Srikanth, Cherukupally. "Number Theoretic, Computational and Cryptographic Aspects of a Certain Sequence of Arithmetic Progressions." Thesis, 2016. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/2005/3741.

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This thesis introduces a new mathematical object: collection of arithmetic progressions with elements satisfying the inverse property, \j-th terms of i-th and (i+1)-th progressions are multiplicative inverses of each other modulo (j+1)-th term of i-th progression". Such a collection is uniquely de ned for any pair (a; d) of co-prime integers. The progressions of the collection are ordered. Thus we call it a sequence rather than a collection. The results of the thesis are on the following number theoretic, computational and cryptographic aspects of the defined sequence and its generalizations. The sequence is closely connected to the classical Euclidean algorithm. Precisely, certain consecutive progressions of the sequence form \groupings". The difference between the common differences of any two consecutive progressions of a grouping is same. The number of progressions in a grouping is connected to the quotient sequence of the Euclidean algorithm on co-prime input pairs. The research community has studied extensively the behavior of the Euclidean algorithm. For the rst time in the literature, the connection (proven in the thesis) shows what the quotients of the algorithm signify. Further, the leading terms of progressions within groupings satisfy a mirror image symmetry property, called \symmetricity". The property is subject to the quotient sequence of the Euclidean algorithm and divisors of integers of the form x2 y2 falling in specific intervals. The integers a, d are the primary quantities of the defined sequence in a computational sense. Given the two, leading term and common difference of any progression of the sequence can be computed in time quadratic in the binary length of d. On the other hand, the inverse computational question of finding (a; d), given information on some terms of the sequence, is interesting. This problem turns out to be hard as it requires finding solutions to an nearly-determined system of multivariate polynomial equations. Two sub-problems arising in this context are shown to be equivalent to the problem of factoring integers. The reduction to the factoring problem, in both cases, is probabilistic. Utilizing the computational difficulty of solving the inverse problem, and the sub-problems (mentioned above), we propose a symmetric-key cryptographic scheme (SKCS), and a public key cryptographic scheme (PKCS). The PKCS is also based on the hardness of the problem of finding square-roots modulo composite integers. Our proposal uses the same algorithmic and computational primitives for effecting both the PKCS and SKCS. In addition, we use the notion of the sequence of arithmetic progressions to design an entity authentication scheme. The proof of equivalence between one of the inverse computational problems (mentioned above) and integer factoring led us to formulate and investigate an independent problem concerning the largest divisor of integer N bounded by the square-root of N. We present some algorithmic and combinatorial results. In the course of the above investigations, we are led to certain open questions of number theoretic, combinatorial and algorithmic nature. These pertain to the quotient sequence of the Euclidean algorithm, divisors of integers of the form x2 y2 p in specific intervals, and the largest divisor of integer N bounded by N.
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36

Chen, Ho Chuan, and 陳河泉. "To Research The Division of Common Land." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35309387268580174593.

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37

Chen, Su-Ru, and 陳素如. "The relationship between the ability of listening comprehension and Mathematics learning achievement of common divisors problems and common multiples problems." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05897255008366179766.

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碩士
國立臺中教育大學
數學教育學系
98
The purpose of this study is to use “Listening Core Competence Test ” established by Lin Yi-Ju and Self-made “Elementary school sixth-grade students’ common divisors problems and common multiples problems test.” to explore the relationship between the ability of listening comprehension and Mathematics learning achievement of common divisors problems and common multiples problems. The object of this study are 234 students of the elementary school of coast line in Tai-Chung County, 225 valid samples, the data were analyzed by Pearson product-moment correlation method, furthermore, individual interview were then used to have a better understanding of their thought and misconceptions. The main results of this research are as follows: 1.The ability of listening comprehension is significantly correlated to their ability of Mathematics learning achievement. 2.Their ability of Mathematics learning achievement is significantly correlated to the level of understand in Listening Core Competence Test, but is only low correlated to the level of subject grasp, content jot, memory ability in Listening Core Competence Test. 3. Mathematics learning achievement in low-score sections is significantly correlated to their ability of listening comprehension, however there is no significantly correlated between medium-score and high-score sections. 4. The ability of listening comprehension and Mathematics learning achievement of common divisors problems and common multiples problems are all related to schema. 5. There is no significantly difference in Listening Core Competence Test in both boys and girls. 6. There is no significantly difference in common divisors problems and common multiples problems test in both boys and girls. 7. No matter boys or girls, the ability of listening comprehension is moderately correlated to their ability of Mathematics learning achievement of common divisors problems and common multiples problems.
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Lee, Wan-Chen, and 李宛真. "A Study of Types of Errors on Greatest Common Divisors and Least Common Multiple for Seventh-Grade Students in Taoyuan City." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107NCHU5507027%22.&searchmode=basic.

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碩士
國立中興大學
應用數學系所
107
The purpose of the study aims to discuss the mistakes which the seventh-grade students in the Taoyuan City make when solving “Greatest common divisor and least common multiple” problems, specifically to explore the error types and analyze the causes of the errors. We hope to provide teachers with reference that can formulate appropriate teaching strategies, assist their remedial instructions, and improve their teaching skills. The methods of the study are to use self-designed greatest common divisor and least common multiple tests to investigate and analyze the error types which students have and to interview them to understand their thoughts when they solve the problems in the tests and the cause of errors. The subjects of the study are fifty-nine seventh graders selected from a junior high school in Taoyuan City. The steps of the study are as follows. First, pretest the students. Second, based on the test results, make statistical analysis and modification on the test questions. Finally, let the students take a formal test. The findings of the study are as follows. 1. Error types : (1) Not fully understand the definition and mathematical style of greatest common divisor and least common multiple. (2) Not familiar with basic operations. (3) Guessing answers based on the problems or the messages when solving problems. (4) Misuse or mixed up formula. (5) Similar questions are confused or cannot be extended. (6) Do not understand the meaning of the problems, or misunderstand the meaning of the problems. (7) Condition not noticed, or mistakes in calculations due to carelessness. (8) Casually guessing an answer. (9) Leaving a blank answer. 2. The causes of errors : (1) Unclear concepts about the definitions, formulas, and terms related to greatest common divisor and least common multiple. (2) Lacking in prior knowledge which resulted in errors of computation. (3) Confusion of the characteristics of greatest common divisor and least common multiple. (4) Disable to do link and inference of common factor and common multiple with greatest common divisor and least common multiple. (5) Using false concepts or formulas to solve the problems. (6) Carelessness or negligence. (7) Insufficient computation or miscalculation. (8) Mutual interference of old experience and new knowledge. (9) Misunderstand the meaning of the problem. (10) Not capable of answering the question due to lack of problem-solving strategies. In the end, based on the findings, I make eight suggestions on the teaching of ” greatest common divisor and least common multiple” and four suggestions for future research, which can be provided to prospective educators and researchers as a reference.
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39

Su-Chen, Hsiao, and 蕭素真. "The Practical Study on Division Issues Regarding Real Estate in Common." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94952757154245419538.

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碩士
中國文化大學
法律學系碩士在職專班
102
This study discusses the co-owned land division's related issues based on the co-owned land dividing registration practices. According to the Civil Code, the consent of all the Co-owners shall be required for the management or disposition of the land, which is adverse to the use or circulation of co-owned land. The new regulations of disposition, management and dividing methods regarding co-owned real estate that has been stipulated in the amended property law drafted on January 23, 2009, which furthermore attempts to seek out ways of dealing with the disposition, management and division of co-owned real estate. This is already an action that is moving forward. However, there are still disputes among co-owners arising from the conflict of interest in practice while there are still many problems that need to be resolved. From the co-ownership system stipulated in the Civil Code, this study initiates the analysis of fundamental theories and reasons of land division, including the meaning and nature of claims regarding the division of co-owned land, the application of extinctive prescription, dividing principles, the methodology and the effects. Next, it analyzes the disputes arising from the disagreements on land dividing limitations and other legal restrictions in terms of dividing land under current legal regulations. Furthermore, it is worthy to study the nature of co-owned land divisions, the disposition of private properties and the restrictions for public welfare under these laws. Finally, the study analyzes the purpose of co-owned land division, in addition to engaging in discussions dedicated to the regulations that govern these procedures, the processes as well as the required documents needed for registration purposes. There are also explanations via cases as to why to reinforce the practical operation model. It is expected that they will come up with land dividing legislation that enforces a fair and proper co-owned land division procedure. Accordingly, it also considers the protection given to co-owners in terms of potential disputes over the division of co-owned land if and when they arise in the future.
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40

Yeh, Yu-hung, and 葉育宏. "The management and division of common property in the greater china area." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02389461889494830350.

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CHEN, YI-JU, and 陳逸如. "6th Graders' Problem-solving Thinking Regarding Non-common Fractional Division Arithmetic Word Problems." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55051008527824458848.

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碩士
國立臺中教育大學
數學教育學系在職專班
103
The purpose of this study was to explore 6th graders' problem-solving thinking regarding non-common fractional division arithmetic word problems. Twenty-seven 6th graders were selected from one elementary school at Daya District, Taichung City to participate in this study. Self-constructed paper-and-pencil test was given to 27 participants. Based on their responses on the test, eighteen students were chosen for semi-structured interviews. The results were as follows: 1. 6th graders' performed better in measurement division than in determination of a unit rate . In measurement division, students did best on “mixed fraction dividing by proper fraction”, followed by “mixed fraction dividing by mixed fraction” , and “proper fraction dividing by proper fraction”. In determination of a unit rate, students did best on “mixed fraction dividing by mixed fraction”, followed by “mixed fraction dividing by proper fraction”, “proper fraction dividing by proper fraction”, and “proper fraction dividing by mixed fraction”. 2. There were two common factors influencing students problem-solving: key words and surplus information. Low-achievers solved problem at random if they couldn’t understanding the meaning of the problem, and they were disturbed by newly learning context; middle-achievers used trial-and-error and check answer strategy, and bigger number divided by smaller one strategy; high-achievers used multiple strategies, such as simplified problem, applied learning knowledge, and trial-and-error and made sure answer reasonably. 3. 6th graders would solve the problem successfully if they were guided by simplified problem strategy. 4. The reason why 6th graders had difficulties in fractional division were followings: they couldn’t understanding the meaning of the problem; they were affected by numbers and words; they couldn’t make an equation; they couldn’t know whether the answer was correct or not; they couldn’t solve problems by using keywords; and they didn’t have enough patience.
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42

鍾傑名. "Study on the real estate appraisal report used in the division of common property by the Supreme Court." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qqx24k.

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碩士
逢甲大學
建設碩士在職學位學程
107
This study collected and analyzed the rulings made by the Supreme Court, and induced the reasons which affected the Supreme Court on adopting or not adopting the real estate appraisal. The research subjects focused on the rulings, basically from July 2009 to 2018, made by the Supreme Court. Analyze the reasons by virtue of which the Supreme Court adopted or not used real estate appraisal reports in terms of the appraisal agencies, trustees, basic data of valuation, subject matters, price dates, investigation dates, price types, the main factors of price formation as well as the processes of assessment were different. Thus, we can further understand what the key points were when the court interpreted the report of valuation. How to systematically analyze the price of land had become an import issue because the ruling of partitioning a common property involved monetary compensation. However, the court always failed to systemically explain how the price was formed in the appraisal report when the court made a ruling. The court didn’t give a reason to explain why the court adopted or didn’t adopt the appraisal report. This research consulted the formats of appraisal reports, and classified the reasons of the Supreme Court’s rulings according to the reports of real estate appraisal in narrative form. Thus, the appraisers’ or appraising agencies’ opinions could be understood when they provided their appraisal reports, and their opinions were based on their special knowledge and experiences. Furthermore, the opinions and reasons by which the Supreme Court adopted the valuation reports could be understood. Through this research, the precautions of appraisal opinions are noticed when the court examines the appraisal report. This research can be served as a reference for the appraisal agencies when they issue appraisal reports, and can also improve the contents of the appraisal report to fit the court’s need as an auxiliary for ruling.
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43

Wu, Hsien-Yi, and 吳仙議. "A Study of Association among Knowledge Characteristics, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Knowledge Sharing Behavior: The Case Rear Echelon Administration Division of Reserve Command." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29608838050845639094.

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Abstract:
碩士
世新大學
行政管理學研究所(含博、碩專班)
99
National Defense organizations are characterized by authoritative military bureaucratic system and control system. Organization members seldom actively develop the idea and thinking of knowledge sharing in terms of their self-awareness. It is relatively uneasy for them to share and management knowledge in strict organizational structure. However, the knowledge gaps caused by the lack of knowledge sharing intention and behavior among members will affect national armed forces’ overall combat capability and national security. In order to investigate the knowledge sharing intention and behavior of national armed forces’ rear unit members, this study used aspects such as job satisfaction and knowledge characteristics to test the correlation between knowledge sharing intention and behavior. Therefore, this study selected the members of national armed forces’ rear units as the subjects. To collect the actual feelings of organization members and obtain representative data, this study used questionnaire survey as the research tool and conducted a general survey. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed, and 273 questionnaires were returned. Moreover, statistical software was used to analyze and investigate the collected data. The results showed that the organization members’ intrinsic job satisfaction and understanding of importance of the knowledge they possess might increase their “knowledge sharing behavior and intention.” In addition, the knowledge sharing intention and behavior of novice soldiers were stronger. Furthermore, after the moderator variables, such as “rank,” “post,” and “identity” were included, the analysis showed that they did not have a significant effect on the original structure
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44

LIN, YU-CHIEH, and 林裕傑. "A Study on Military Officers’ Personality Traits and Job Characteristics Related to Job Satisfaction and Job Performance - Take the Logistics Command Division as an Example." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vfu4h5.

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Abstract:
碩士
世新大學
資訊管理學研究所(含碩專班)
105
In the military organization, the officers and men are responsible for the heavy responsibility. However, under the organizational adjustment, the number of posts has been drastically reduced. The defense policy has transformed the military service system into "fully equipped" system because of the changing times, changing the social atmosphere, the high-tech weapons and the new strategic concept , But now the society in the sub-sub-conditions, the new generation of young people in the past can be hard-working, after graduating from military academy into military work, the military work environment, class system and training disaster prevention and other work can not adapt, resulting in physical and mental dissatisfaction and stress , The impact of job performance, the study mainly on whether the personality traits and job characteristics of the differences, job satisfaction and job performance have an impact. In this study, 228 military questionnaires were distributed by the Army Logistics Command, and the recovery rate was 100%. According to the purpose of this study, the use of spss software to perform statistical analysis, including: reliability and validity analysis, narrative statistics, factor analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, to discuss the military cadres of the personality traits, job characteristics, job satisfaction And the relevance of job performance. The results show that the personality traits have a significant positive correlation with job performance and job performance. The job characteristics show a significant positive correlation and job characteristics to job satisfaction, which show a significant positive correlation with job performance, showing that the current officer Responsibility than other noncommissioned officers, soldiers of the heavy, superiors should take the initiative to explore the part of the work and life problems, timely guidance, and proper allocation of subordinate business functions, the right people on the job, to effectively play Personal long, improve the identity of the unit, thereby enhancing job satisfaction and job performance.
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45

Carr, John. "A 26 GHz Phase-Locked Loop Frequency Multiplier in 0.18-um CMOS." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1796.

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This thesis presents the analysis, design and characterization of an integrated high-frequency phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency multiplier. The frequency multiplier is novel in its use of a low multiplication factor of 4 and a fully differential topology for rejection of common mode interference signals. The PLL is composed of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) for the first divide-by-two stage, a static master-slave flip-flop (MSFF) divider for the second divide-by-two stage and a Gilbert cell mixer phase detector (PD). The circuit has been fabricated using a standard CMOS 0.18-um process based on its relatively low cost and ready availability. The PLL frequency multiplier generates an output signal at 26 GHz and is the highest operational frequency PLL in the technology node reported to date. Time domain phase plane analysis is used for prediction of PLL locking range based on initial conditions of phase and frequency offsets. Tracking range of the PLL is limited by the inherent narrow locking range of the ILFD, and is confirmed via experimental results. The performance benefits of the fully differential PLL are experimentally confirmed by the injection of differential- and common-mode interfering signals at the VCO control lines. A comparison of the common- and differential-mode modulation indices reveals that a common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of greater than 20 dB is possible for carrier offset frequencies of less than 1 MHz. Closed-loop frequency domain transfer functions are used for prediction of the PLL phase noise response, with the PLL being dominated by the reference and VCO phase noise contributions. Regions of dominant phase noise contributions are presented and correlated to the overall PLL phase noise performance. Experimental verifications display good agreement and confirm the usefulness of the techniques for PLL performance prediction. The PLL clock multiplier has an operational output frequency of 26.204 to 26.796 GHz and a maximum output frequency step of 16 MHz. Measured phase noise at 1 MHz offset from the carrier is -103.9 dBc/Hz. The PLL clock multiplier core circuit (VCO/ILFD/MSFF Divider/PD) consumes 186 mW of combined power from 2.8 and 4.3 V DC rails.
Thesis (Ph.D, Electrical & Computer Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2009-04-24 11:31:35.384
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46

Quansah, E. K. "Determining matrimonial property rights on divorce : an appraisal of the legal regimes in Botswana." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15840.

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The bulk of the matrimonial property regimes operating in Botswana were inherited from the country's colonial past. Since independence there ha'> not been any realistic attempt to reform them. The thesis set out to appraisal the legal regimes governing the determination of matrimonial property on divorce to ascertain their efficacy in realising the legitimate aspiration of married couples. Comparisons were made with similar countries to determine how these have tackled problems relating to determination of matrimonial property on divorce. The study found that where there is a dispute about matrimonial property in marriages out of community, the courts have no discretion to readjust the rights of the parties. This situation adversely affect nonworking wives who spent most of their time looking after their husbands and children without being able to acquire capital assets. Recognition is not given to such domestic contribution to the welfare of the family. It was also found that the exercise of the marital power by husbands of marriages in community of property deprives wives of those marriages the right to administer the joint estate. The patriarchal nature of customary law, which governs the majority of disputes about matrimonial property, discriminates against women. Consequently, the following, inter alia, are suggested as reform measures. (a) The courts should be g1ven a wide discretionary power, circumscribed by statutory guidelines, to reallocate matrimonial property on divorce irrespective of the matrimonial property regime that governs the marriage. TI1e underlying principle should be equality of sharing but this may be departed from where the circumstances of the particular case warrant it (b) A spouse's domestic contribution towards the welfare of the family should be recognised. (c) The marital power of husbands should be abolished. (d) The provisions of the Matrimonial Causes Act should be made applicable to customary marriages.
Private Law
LL.D.
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