Relevant bibliographies by topics / Common mental disorder

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Common mental disorder'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Common mental disorder"

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Antunes, Ana, Diana Frasquilho, Sofia Azeredo-Lopes, Daniel Neto, Manuela Silva, Graça Cardoso, and José Miguel Caldas-de-Almeida. "Disability and common mental disorders: Results from the World Mental Health Survey Initiative Portugal." European Psychiatry 49 (2018): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.12.004.

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AbstractBackgroundCommon mental disorders are highly prevalent and disabling, leading to substantial individual and societal costs. This study aims to characterize the association between disability and common mental disorders in Portugal, using epidemiological data from the World Mental Health Survey Initiative.MethodsTwelve-month common mental disorders were assessed with the CIDI 3.0. Disability was evaluated with the modified WMHS WHODAS-II. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between disability and each disorder or diagnostic category (mood or anxiety disorders).ResultsAmong people with a common mental disorder, 14.6% reported disability. The specific diagnoses significantly associated with disability were post-traumatic stress disorder (OR: 6.69; 95% CI: 3.20, 14.01), major depressive disorder (OR: 3.49; 95% CI: 2.13, 5.72), bipolar disorder (OR: 3.41; 95% CI: 1.04, 11.12) and generalized anxiety disorder (OR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.43, 6.90). Both categories of anxiety and mood disorders were significantly associated with disability (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.86 and OR: 3.94; 95% CI: 2.45, 6.34 respectively).ConclusionsThe results of this study add to the current knowledge in this area by assessing the disability associated with common mental disorders using a multi-dimensional instrument, which may contribute to mental health policy efforts in the development of interventions to reduce the burden of disability associated with common mental disorders.
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Kelleher, Ian, and Jordan E. DeVylder. "Hallucinations in borderline personality disorder and common mental disorders." British Journal of Psychiatry 210, no. 3 (March 2017): 230–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.116.185249.

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SummaryHallucinations are classically associated with psychotic disorders. Recent research, however, has highlighted that hallucinations frequently occur outside of the context of psychosis. Despite this, to our knowledge, there has been no epidemiological research to compare the prevalence of hallucinations across common mental disorders with the prevalence in borderline personality disorder (BPD). Using data from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (n = 7403), we investigated the prevalence of hallucinations in individuals with a range of mental disorders and BPD. Hallucinations were prevalent in all disorders (range 11–24%). Hallucinations were no more prevalent in individuals with BPD (13.7%) than in individuals with a (non-psychotic) mental disorder (12.6%) (χ2 = 0.03, P = 0.92).
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Eaton, Nicholas R., Craig Rodriguez-Seijas, Robert F. Krueger, W. Keith Campbell, Bridget F. Grant, and Deborah S. Hasin. "Narcissistic Personality Disorder and the Structure of Common Mental Disorders." Journal of Personality Disorders 31, no. 4 (August 2017): 449–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2016_30_260.

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Cox, Brian J., Ian P. Clara, and Murray W. Enns. "Posttraumatic stress disorder and the structure of common mental disorders." Depression and Anxiety 15, no. 4 (2002): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.10052.

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Chong, S. A., E. Abdin, C. Sherbourne, J. Vaingankar, D. Heng, M. Yap, and M. Subramaniam. "Treatment gap in common mental disorders: the Singapore perspective." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 21, no. 2 (January 4, 2012): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796011000771.

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Aims.The problem of wide treatment gaps in mental disorders is endemic world wide. The study aims to establish the treatment gap of common mental disorders in Singapore.Methods.A national sample of 6616 persons aged 18 years and above was surveyed with the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview in which for each diagnostic module, respondents were asked a series of questions regarding treatment contact.Results.Treatment gap varied considerably between disorders; alcohol abuse had the largest treatment gap (96.2%), followed by obsessive compulsive disorder (89.8%) and alcohol dependence (88.3%). The disorder for which people were most likely to seek help was major depressive disorder. Women with dysthmia were more likely than men to seek help but this help seeking behavior was reversed among those with alcohol abuse and dependence. Age of onset was significantly associated with treatment contact with those who had an earlier age of onset less likely to have treatment contact than those with late age of onset for all disorders except obsessive compulsive disorder.Conclusions.Our findings suggest that treatment gaps are wide even in an economically developed country like Singapore and other than sociodemographic factors, cultural influences might play an important role in help seeking behavior.
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Conway, Christopher C., Robert D. Latzman, and Robert F. Krueger. "A Meta-Structural Model of Common Clinical Disorder and Personality Disorder Symptoms." Journal of Personality Disorders 34, no. 1 (February 2020): 88–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2019_33_383.

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A large and consistent research literature demonstrates the superiority of dimensional models of mental disorder. Factor analytic research has mapped the latent dimensions underlying separate sets of mental disorders (e.g., emotional disorders), but a common framework—unencumbered by arbitrary historical boundaries between disorder groups—requires additional research. Using empirically derived measures of three key domains of psychopathological variation, the overarching goal of the current study was to explicate dimensions connecting internalizing, externalizing, and personality disorders. Participants included 1,144 racially diverse undergraduates. Exploratory structural equation modeling analyses revealed seven latent dimensions: core internalizing, core externalizing, antagonism, impulsivity, dutifulness, detachment, and suspiciousness. This meta-structure reflects a more comprehensive model of the architecture of mental disorders than accounts derived from less inclusive assessment batteries. Future empirical work is needed to evaluate the utility of this structural model in etiological research, assessment, and treatment arenas.
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Patel, Vikram, Betty R. Kirkwood, Sulochana Pednekar, Helen Weiss, and David Mabey. "Risk factors for common mental disorders in women." British Journal of Psychiatry 189, no. 6 (December 2006): 547–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.106.022558.

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BackgroundThe determinants of common mental disorders in women have not been described in longitudinal studies from a low-income country.MethodPopulation-based cohort study of 2494 women aged 18 to 50 years, in India. The Revised Clinical Interview Schedule was used for the detection of common mental disorders.ResultsThere were 39 incident cases of common mental disorder in 2166 participants eligible for analysis (12-month rate 1.8%, 95% CI 1.3–2.4%). The following baseline factors were independently associated with the risk for common mental disorder: poverty (low income and having difficulty making ends meet); being married as compared with being single; use of tobacco; experiencing abnormal vaginal discharge; reporting a chronic physical illness; and having higher psychological symptom scores at baseline.ConclusionsProgrammes to reduce the burden of common mental disorder in women should target poorer women, women with chronic physical illness and who have gynaecological symptoms, and women who use tobacco.
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Vanwesenbeeck, Ine, Margreet ten Have, and Ron de Graaf. "Associations between common mental disorders and sexual dissatisfaction in the general population." British Journal of Psychiatry 205, no. 2 (August 2014): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.135335.

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BackgroundLittle is known about the associations between common mental disorders and sexual dissatisfaction in the general population.AimsTo assess the associations between the presence of 12-month and remitted (lifetime minus 12-month) mood, anxiety and substance use disorders and sexual dissatisfaction in the general population of The Netherlands.MethodA total of 6646 participants, aged 18–64, took part in a face-to-face survey using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0. Childhood trauma, somatic disorders and sexual dissatisfaction were also assessed in an additional questionnaire. Associations were assessed with multivariate regression analyses.ResultsIn total, 29% reported some sexual dissatisfaction. Controlling for demography, somatic disorders and childhood trauma, significant associations with 12-month mood disorder (B = 0.31), substance use disorder (B = 0.23) and anxiety disorder (B = 0.16) were found. Specifically, relatively strong associations were found for alcohol dependence (B = 0.54), bipolar disorder (B = 0.45) and drug dependence (B = 0.44). The association between remitted disorders and sexual dissatisfaction showed significance for the category substance use disorder.ConclusionsPeople with mood, anxiety and substance use disorders show elevated scores on sexual dissatisfaction, even when relevant confounders are controlled for. Sexual satisfaction appears to be reduced most by alcohol and drug dependence and bipolar disorder. Once remitted, substance use disorder shows a persisting association with present sexual dissatisfaction.
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de Jonge, Peter, Klaas J. Wardenaar, Carmen C. W. Lim, Sergio Aguilar-Gaxiola, Jordi Alonso, Laura Helena Andrade, Brendan Bunting, et al. "The cross-national structure of mental disorders: results from the World Mental Health Surveys." Psychological Medicine 48, no. 12 (December 19, 2017): 2073–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291717003610.

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AbstractBackgroundThe patterns of comorbidity among mental disorders have led researchers to model the underlying structure of psychopathology. While studies have suggested a structure including internalizing and externalizing disorders, less is known with regard to the cross-national stability of this model. Moreover, little data are available on the placement of eating disorders, bipolar disorder and psychotic experiences (PEs) in this structure.MethodsWe evaluated the structure of mental disorders with data from the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview, including 15 lifetime mental disorders and six PEs. Respondents (n= 5478–15 499) were included from 10 high-, middle- and lower middle-income countries across the world aged 18 years or older. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were used to evaluate and compare the fit of different factor structures to the lifetime disorder data. Measurement invariance was evaluated with multigroup CFA (MG-CFA).ResultsA second-order model with internalizing and externalizing factors and fear and distress subfactors best described the structure of common mental disorders. MG-CFA showed that this model was stable across countries. Of the uncommon disorders, bipolar disorder and eating disorder were best grouped with the internalizing factor, and PEs with a separate factor.ConclusionsThese results indicate that cross-national patterns of lifetime common mental-disorder comorbidity can be explained with a second-order underlying structure that is stable across countries and can be extended to also cover less common mental disorders.
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Brugha, Traolach S., Ruth Matthews, Jordi Alonso, Gemma Vilagut, Tony Fouweather, Ronny Bruffaerts, Giovanni de Girolamo, et al. "Gender differences in mental health expectancies in early- and midlife in six European countries." British Journal of Psychiatry 202, no. 4 (April 2013): 294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.111.107003.

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BackgroundHealth expectancies, taking into account both quality and quantity of life, have generally been based on disability and physical functioning.AimsTo compare mental health expectancies at age 25 and 55 based on common mental disorders both across countries and between males and females.MethodMental health expectancies were calculated by combining mortality data from population life tables and the age-specific prevalence of selected common mental disorders obtained from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD).ResultsFor the male population aged 25 (all countries combined) life expectancy was 52 years and life expectancy spent with a common mental disorder was 1.8 years (95% CI 0.7-2.9),3.4% of overall life expectancy. In comparison, for the female population life expectancy at age 25 was higher (57.9 years) as was life expectancy spent with a common mental disorder (5.1 years, 95% CI 3.6-6.6) and as a proportion of overall life expectancy, 8.8%. By age 55 life expectancy spent with a common mental disorder had reduced to 0.7 years (males) and 2.3 years (females).ConclusionsAge and gender differences underpin our understanding of years spent with common mental disorders in adulthood. Greater age does not mean living relatively more years with common mental disorder. However, the female population spends more years with common mental disorders and a greater proportion of their longer life expectancy with them (and with each studied separate mental disorder).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Common mental disorder"

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Stewart, Robert Charles. "Maternal common mental disorder in Malawi, Africa." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25898.

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Background: Maternal common mental disorder (CMD), characterised by depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms of distress, is known to be an important health problem in low-and-middle-income countries, but had not been investigated in Malawi, Africa. In preliminary work, we adapted a CMD screening measure and showed that post-partum CMD was common and associated with child stunting. In the research presented here, we expanded the investigation of CMD in Malawi to include pregnant women and mothers of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Using validated measures, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of antenatal CMD/depression and investigate its relationship to social support and intimate partner violence. Secondly, we sought to explore women’s lived experiences of the perinatal period. Finally, we investigated CMD amongst mothers of children admitted with SAM and other life-threatening illness and, in the former, we tested the hypothesis that maternal CMD would be associated with impaired child recovery. Method: In an antenatal clinic-based study, we validated and compared Chichewa and Chiyao versions of the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) using major depressive episode (MDE) as the criterion diagnosis. We adapted and validated the Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). We measured the prevalence of antenatal MDE and identified associated factors. We conducted focus group discussions with women and enquired about perinatal stressors and supports. We administered the SRQ to mothers of children with SAM during admission to a nutritional rehabilitation unit (NRU) and at 1-month post-discharge, and investigated whether CMD was a risk factor for lower child weight gain at follow-up. In a subsequent study, we compared levels of CMD symptoms between mothers of children admitted to a NRU, a high dependency unit and an oncology ward. Results: We found that the adapted EPDS and SRQ were both valid screening instruments for antenatal CMD/depression. The weighted prevalence of antenatal MDE was 10.7% (95% CI 6.9% - 14.5%). The adapted MSPSS showed adequate test characteristics and differentiated between sources of social support. MDE was associated with lack of support by a significant other; intimate partner violence moderated this association. We found that women in rural Malawi recognised depressive and anxious states in the perinatal period and identified lack of partner support as a key stressor. During admission with a severely malnourished child to a NRU, mothers had very high SRQ scores that greatly reduced post-discharge. There was no association between SRQ score and child weight gain at follow-up. We found no higher level of CMD symptoms amongst mothers of children admitted for treatment of SAM compared with those admitted to other wards. Conclusions: We demonstrated that measures of antenatal CMD and perceived social support can be adapted for use in Malawi. We found that maternal CMD is common and associated with lack of social support, intimate partner violence and child illness. We did not find evidence for a specific association between maternal CMD and child SAM but further prospective studies are required. Our findings suggest that treatment of CMD in mothers in Malawi will require attention to social support and partner behaviour.
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Jalava, Jarkko. "Linear common-factor analysis in mental disorder validation, problems and alternatives." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0013/MQ52577.pdf.

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Kapari, Maria-Dionysia. "Investigating the risk factors for common mental disorder in care-giving and bereavement." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582528.

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Aims This thesis aimed to establish links between symptoms of common mental disorder in care-givers of patients with advanced disease and their subsequent experience of bereavement. r aimed to explore whether factors such as social support, family cohesion and religious beliefs which are probably protective against poor outcomes in care-giving, retain their protective effect during bereavement. Methods r conducted a cohort study. Informal carers of patients receiving palliative care at two hospices in South London were invited to participate. Carers were interviewed shortly after the patient was referred to the hospice (T1), using standardized assessment tools including the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R) and the Zarit Burden Interview. I also assessed carers' levels of social support, religious/spiritual beliefs, family relations, coping strategies and work and social adjustment as well as the patients' mood and quality of life. Interviews were repeated at 3 months and 6 months following the death of the care recipient using the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R), the Bereavement Phenomenology Questionnaire (BPQ) and the Quality of Death (QPD) scale. Results Of the] 00 carers who were interviewed at baseline, 46 carers agreed to be interviewed at T2 (three months post death) and 50 carersagreed to be interviewed at T3 (six months post death). Carers who suffered from more symptoms of common mental disorder while caring for their loved were at a higher risk of poor mental health outcomes at three and six months following the death of their loved one. Carers whose practical support needs were not met while caring for their loved one were more likely to experience symptoms of common mental disorder at six months post death. Conclusions This study demonstrates that it is possible to follow carers through to bereavement in a palliative care setting, however research in this context is highly challenging. The research suggests that much psychological distress detected during care-giving continues into bereavement. This has implications for the way in which caregivers are supported in this setting.
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Jessop, Lynn Sherree. "Use of web-based epidemiology in the investigation of risk factors for common mental disorder." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/73822/.

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The common mental disorders of anxiety and depression (CMD) impose a substantial burden on individuals and society. A current limitation for research into risk factors for CMD is that the Mental Health Inventory -5 MHI-5) a brief but widely used scale to measure of anxiety and depression was designed without a cut-point to identify cases of CMD. This thesis designed a web-based epidemiological study. Changes in Well-being to gather data from MHI-5 and the Clinical Interview Schedule – Revised (CIS-R), representing the ‘gold standard’ for CMD case classification. From a random sample of 10,000 people aged 18 to 74 years living in Caerphilly County Borough, Wales a total of 616 participants were recruited. Of these, 82 (13.4%) were classified as CMD ‘non-severe’ (CMD-NS) using a CIS-R score of 12-17 and 129 (20.9%) were classified as a case of CMD ‘severe’ (CMD-S) with a CIS-R score of 18 and over. In an analysis of paired CIS-R and MHI-5 scores, the corresponding cut-points on the MHI-5 scaled of 0-100 were <60 and <45 respectively. These cut-points were applied to baseline and follow-up survey MHI-5 scores in the Caerphilly Health and Social Needs Longitudinal Study dataset to classify cases. Logistic regression analysis showed the importance of younger age, a range of major adverse life events, and living in the most deprived areas as risk factors for the onset of CMD. Adverse employment transitions, moving to non-owner-occupation and becoming widowed were more strongly associated with older age groups and living in areas of high social cohesion. This thesis has shown the utility of web-based epidemiological studies in population mental health, determined cut-points on the MHI5 scale and demonstrated the importance of a wide-range of risk factors for change in CMD case status.
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Secretti, Tatiani. "Associação entre características do contexto social de vizinhança e transtornos mentais comuns." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/119405.

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Contexto: A influência das características do ambiente social de vizinhança nos transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) ainda é pouco estudada, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil, onde há poucos trabalhos sobre o tema. Objetivos: O objetivo geral foi investigar as relações entre as percepções de coesão social e segurança da vizinhança e transtorno mental comum, considerando-se as relações entre características individuais e de grupo bem como as medidas no nível agregado e no individual. Métodos: Essa pesquisa foi realizada com dados da linha de base (2008-2010) do Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde do Adulto - ELSA-Brasil, que é um estudo multicêntrico com 15.105 servidores civis, ativos e aposentados vinculados a seis instituições públicas de ensino superior e de pesquisa brasileiras. Foi utilizado o instrumento CIS-R, que permite rastrear o TMC e possibilita identificar seis categorias diagnósticas desse transtorno. Coesão social e segurança foram medidas por meio de escalas validadas de características autorreferidas de vizinhança. As covariáveis sexo, idade, estado civil, raça/cor, renda familiar per capita foram autorreferidas na entrevista de linha de base. O modelo de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizado para estimar a razão de prevalência das associações entre os desfechos e as variáveis de exposição. Regressão logística multinível foi empregada considerando vizinhanças no nível 2 e os indivíduos no nível 1, para estimar o efeito aleatório de vizinhança e as razões de chance. Resultados: Resultados da percepção individual das características de vizinhanças indicaram associação entre pior percepção de coesão social e de segurança na vizinhança e transtornos mentais comuns, e essa associação permanece após o ajuste para as variáveis individuais, ou seja, participantes que percebiam morar em uma vizinhança com mais baixa coesão social e menos segura tiveram maior chance de apresentar TMC mesmo após ajustes para as covariáveis sociodemográficas. As variações entre as vizinhanças foram estatisticamente significativas no modelo vazio para TMC. Pequena porção da variância (2,3%) no TMC pode ser atribuída às vizinhanças. As estimativas de razão de chance obtidas no modelo mutiltinível mostraram uma variação significativa no TMC relacionada ao nível de coesão social e de segurança da vizinhança, que não pode ser totalmente explicada por fatores individuais, como sexo, idade, raça/cor, estado civil, escolaridade e renda familiar per capita. Conclusão: Esse estudo apresenta evidências da associação entre percepção de coesão social e segurança individual da vizinhança nos TMC, bem como entre as medidas agregadas da percepção de coesão social e segurança e TMC, mesmo após ajustes das variáveis individuais. Aproximadamente 2,3% da variabilidade na prevalência do TMC foram atribuídos ao contexto de vizinhança, e o restante ao nível individual, considerando o modelo “vazio”.
Context: The influence of the characteristics of the neighborhood social environment in common mental disorders (CMD), is poorly studied, mainly in developing countries such as Brazil, where there are few studies on the topic. Purposes: The general purpose was to investigate the relationships between the perceptions of social cohesion and neighborhood safety and common mental disorder, considering the relationships between individual and group characteristics as well as the ones measured in aggregate and individual level. Methods: This research was carried out using baseline data (2008-2010) from the Adult Health Longitudinal Study - ELSA-Brasil, which refers to the multicentric study with 15105 civil servants, active and retired ones linked to six Brazilian public higher education and research institutions. The instrument CIS-R was used which enables tracking the CMD and enables identifying six diagnosis categories of CMD. Social cohesion and safety were measured using validated scales of neighborhood self-referred characteristics. The covariates gender, age, marital status, race/color, per capita income were self-referred in the baseline interview. The Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to estimate the prevalence ratio of the associations between the outcomes and the exposition variables. Multilevel logistic regression was used considering neighborhoods in the level 2 and the individuals in the level 1 to estimate the neighborhood random effect and the chance ratios. Results: Individual perception results of neighborhood characteristics indicated association between worst perception of social cohesion and neighborhood safety perception and common mental disorders, and this association remains after the adjustment for the individual variables, that is, participants who noticed living at a neighborhood with lower social cohesion and less safe had a bigger chance to present common mental disorders even after adjustments for the socio demographic covariates. The variations between the neighborhoods were statistically significant in the empty model for CMD. A small portion of variance (2,3%) in the CMD can be attributed to the neighborhoods. The chances ratio estimates obtained in the multilevel model showed a significant variation in common mental disorders related to the level of social cohesion and neighborhood safety, which cannot be totally explained by individual factors such as gender, age, race/color, marital status, education and per capita income. Approximately 2,3% of variability in the prevalence of CMD was attributed to the neighborhood context and the rest to the individual level individual, considering the model as “empty”. Conclusion: This study presents evidences of the association between social cohesion and neighborhood individual safety perception in the CMD, as well as between the aggregate measures of social cohesion and safety perception and CMD, even after adjustment of the individual variables. About 2,3% of the variation in CMD prevalence was attributed to the context of neighborhood, and the rest to the individual level, considering the “empty” model.
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Qadir, F. "Gender disadvantage as a risk factor for common mental disorder in women residing in Rawalpindi/Islamabad." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/gender-disadvantage-as-a-risk-factor-for-common-mental-disorder-in-women-residing-in-rawalpindiislamabad(3a806ea8-69a6-4461-a595-3ef8198df6a8).html.

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I assessed common mental disorder (CMD) and its association with gender disadvantage among young women in two defined catchment areas (with contrasting socio-economic circumstances) in each city. Socio-economic status is a risk factor for CMD, and may confound or modify the effect of gender disadvantage, hence the stratified sampling. Female gender disadvantage cannot be measured directly, but is a well recognized phenomenon and has important effects across the life course. I used five proxy indicators; 1) no older brother at the time of birth (as a proxy for male preference), 2) limited parental bonding (low care and high overprotection), 3) low educational attainment 4) adverse marital circumstances (early age at marriage and low satisfaction) and 5) subjective perception. Recruitment and interviewing of 525 women aged 20-35 was completed with 98% response rate. 57% were married. The prevalence of CMD (SRQ score >=8) ranged from 26% (high SES Rawalpindi) to 83% (low SES Islamabad). Perception of parental preference for males, low care, less education, early age at marriage and low marital satisfaction were, as hypothesised, strongly correlated. I have found strong effects of all of the indicators of gender disadvantage (other than birth order) upon risk for CMD, independent of SES. I found strong evidence to support the main hypothesis of an independent association between low care and increased risk for CMD. However, for this risk factor the effect was modified by SES being significantly stronger among those living in higher SES districts.
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Whitley, Rob. "Urban living, social capital and common mental disorder : a qualitative study of a north London neighbourhood." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397919.

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Colman, I. "Longitudinal and life-course perspectives on common mental disorder and psychotropic medication use in a national birth cohort." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597882.

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Birth cohort studies offer an ideal setting to study disease across the lifespan. This thesis used data from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development, a study that has followed 5,362 individuals prospectively since their birth in 1946, and includes five assessments of mental health and four reports of treatment for mental disorder at various ages. Persistence or recurrence of symptoms of depression and anxiety in adolescence was associated with a poor long-term prognosis. A longitudinal model, that used a latent class analysis based on the five measures of mental health and was validated by considering several variables associated with mental health, identified six common patterns of experience of mental health from age 13 to 53. Differences between these six groups were traced back to birth; those who suffered from mental health difficulties were, on average, smaller at birth and reached developmental milestones later. The majority of individuals with mental disorder did not seek or receive treatment, and this did not change over several decades. There were few differences between individuals who sought treatment and those who did not, or those who were prescribed psychotropic medication and those who were not, apart from the severity and history of their symptoms. Despite this, those who did use antidepressants or anxiolytics during an episode of mental disorder had better mental health many years later. The research presented in this thesis contributes toward a life-course model of common mental disorders, and underlines the importance of taking a longitudinal perspective to better understand the aetiology, course, and outcome of mental illness and associated treatment.
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Semrau, Maya. "Perceived needs and symptoms of common mental disorder : development and use of the Humanitarian Emergency Settings Perceived Needs (HESPER) Scale." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/perceived-needs-and-symptoms-of-common-mental-disorder(9676372a-874f-4877-8986-5d720a51c76d).html.

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Aims: To address gaps in the humanitarian needs assessment and mental health research field, the Humanitarian Emergency Settings Perceived Needs (HESPER) Scale was developed, a valid and reliable scale to assess the perceived needs of adult populations affected by humanitarian emergencies in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: A previously developed draft version of the HESPER Scale was pre¬tested in the United Kingdom (UK) with seven refugees from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and was then pilot-tested in small samples (122 participants in total) with displaced Iraqi people in Jordan, and with the local populations in Gaza and Sudan, to assess the scale’s feasibility, intelligibility, comprehensiveness and cultural applicability, and to determine the suitability of training materials. A revised version of the HESPER Scale was subsequently field-tested in larger samples (817 participants in total) with displaced Iraqi people in Jordan, with people displaced following an earthquake in Haiti, and with Bhutanese refugees in Nepal, to assess its psychometric properties, as well as testing its application in measuring perceived needs and in providing data to predict mental health outcome. Results: Participants during pilot-testing found the list of HESPER items to be comprehensive and relevant, suggesting face validity and content validity of the scale. During field-testing, inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the HESPER Scale was good to excellent across the three sites. Most HESPER items correlated as was predicted with related questions of both a quality-of-life instrument and a distress scale, demonstrating criterion (concurrent) validity of the scale. The HESPER Scale was also able to provide useful data on perceived needs in the three field-sites, with few gender differences. Number of perceived unmet needs and number of past traumatic events were both associated with symptoms of common mental.
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Souza, João Paulo Pereira de. "Saúde mental de universitários relação entre transtorno mental comum e competência moral /." Botucatu, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192960.

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Orientador: Maria Cristina Pereira Lima
Resumo: Introdução: A competência de juízo moral, baseada na teoria de Lawrence Kohlberg, tem sido estudada por muitos pesquisadores para avaliar o desenvolvimento moral de adolescentes e adultos. Pesquisas indicam que ocorre aumento da competência de juízo moral conforme o aumento da idade, maturidade e nível educacional. Apesar disso, resultados de estudos realizados com estudantes de medicina têm demonstrado que a competência moral desse público diminui conforme o curso avança. Até o presente momento, os principais motivos apontados para essa diminuição foram os currículos dos cursos, focados na formação tecnicista, além do ambiente de alta competição entre os alunos. Contudo, não encontramos na literatura pesquisas que verificassem se há associação entre competência moral e Transtorno Mental Comum. Objetivo: Descrever a relação entre competência moral e TMC de estudantes de medicina de uma instituição pública identificando fatores associados. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Participaram deste estudo alunos matriculados no curso de medicina de uma faculdade pública do interior do estado de São Paulo, que consentiram em participar da pesquisa. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: questionário que investiga aspectos sociodemográficos e da vida universitária; questionário para avaliação de Transtorno Mental Comum (TMC), o Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20); AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), instrumento de rastreamento criad... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Books on the topic "Common mental disorder"

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Health, New Zealand Ministry of. Identification of common mental disorders and management of depression in primary care. Wellington, N.Z: New Zealand Guidelines Group, 2008.

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Bragdon, Allen D. Brains that work a little bit differently: Recent discoveries about common mental diversities. South Yarmouth, MA: Brainwaves Books, 2000.

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Yapko, Michael D. Depression is contagious: How the most common mood disorder is spreading around the world and how to stop it. New York: Free Press, 2009.

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1930-, Chester Robert, ed. Treatment techniques for common mental disorders. Northvale, N.J: Aronson, 1993.

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Robert, Chester, ed. Treatment techniques for common mental disorders. Northvale, NJ: Aronson, 1987.

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Peter, Huxley, ed. Common mental disorders: A bio-social model. London: Tavistock/Routledge, 1992.

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Natural healing for schizophrenia: And other common mental disorders. 2nd ed. Eugene, Or: Borage Books, 1998.

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Culture and common mental disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa. East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press Ltd., 1998.

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Edelman, Eva. Natural healing for schizophrenia: And other common mental disorders. 3rd ed. Eugene, Or: Borage Books, 2001.

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M, Goodyer Ian, ed. The origins of common mental disorders: Vulnerability, destabilisation, and restitution. Hove, East Sussex: Routledge, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Common mental disorder"

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Todeva-Radneva, Anna, and Asen Beshkov. "A Cross-Cultural Values-Based Approach to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dissociative (Conversion) Disorders." In International Perspectives in Values-Based Mental Health Practice, 221–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47852-0_25.

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AbstractThis case report presents the story of a young woman of Romani descent with a mixed dissociative (conversion) disorder within the contextual evidence-based and value-based medical framework. By painting the picture illustrating the course of her illness and the circumstances leading to the last clinical episode, compelling her most recent hospitalization, we delineate the contrast between common clinical phenomenology and the additional layers of the patient’s beliefs and values. Thus, we emphasize the importance of expanding the one-dimensional mainstream evidence-based approach, not only in cases of cross-cultural doctor-patient interactions but also in general medical practice, since the health attitudes and illness behaviors of every individual are influenced by their values and beliefs. In addition, the contemporary notion of medicine as a factual science requires a paradigm shift toward integrative multifaceted approaches if we as doctors are to treat human beings and not merely diseases.
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Raguram, R. "Common Mental Disorders." In Psychology: Volume 4, 31–56. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199498871.003.0002.

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This chapter focuses on common mental disorders (CMDs). These disorders include a wide range of conditions that are frequently noticed in the community. It is essentially a convenient, functional grouping of conditions. The chapter analyses the trends on the basis of researches in this area over the past decade. The classification of CMDs for primary health care, according to ICD-10, includes depression, phobic disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety, mixed anxiety and depression, adjustment disorder, dissociative disorder, and somatoform disorders. Irrespective of the nature of the disorder, these patients often present with somatic complaints: some patients may admit to having emotional symptoms. It was observed that there is a high degree of co-morbidity among them, leading to significant levels of disability and increased health-care costs.
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Chaturvedi, Santosh K., and Narayana Manjunatha. "Common mental disorders in cities." In Urban Mental Health (Oxford Cultural Psychiatry series), edited by Dinesh Bhugra, Antonio Ventriglio, João Castaldelli-Maia, and Layla McCay, 226–38. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198804949.003.0015.

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Common mental disorder (CMDs) are the most common psychiatric disorders in the general population, as well as at primary care. They include a triad of three illnesses—depression, anxiety disorders, and somatoform disorders. Global data suggest that the urban population exceeded the rural population in 2007. Cities provide an opportunity for economic growth and comparatively better healthcare facilities. However, what is worrisome is the increased vulnerability for many illnesses, especially CMDs. This chapter reviews the noteworthy literature about CMDs in cities across the world and discusses some of best practices in treating CMDs in various cities.
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"COMPUTERISED ASSESSMENTS FOR PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER." In Common Mental Disorders in Primary Care, 183–95. Routledge, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203360934-23.

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Santillanes, Genevieve, and Shilpa Agraharkar. "Mental Health Emergencies." In Pediatric Emergencies, 627–44. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190073879.003.0052.

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Mental health disorders are common in children and adolescents, and emergency visits related to mental health complaints are increasing. This chapter discusses presentation and emergency management of pediatric anxiety, depression, suicidality, psychosis, trauma-related disorders, autism spectrum disorder, and agitation. Differences in presentations of anxiety, depression, psychosis, and trauma-related disorders between adults and children are summarized. Emergency management of patients with agitation is reviewed, with an emphasis on treatment in early stages of agitation. Screening for suicidality is discussed. The chapter includes an approach to behavioral changes in patients with autism spectrum disorder and also practical tips for evaluation of medical complaints in these patients.
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Neto, Paulo R. Nunes, Cristiano A. Köhler, Michael Berk, and André F. Carvalho. "Bipolar disorder." In Mental Disorders in Primary Care. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746638.003.0011.

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Bipolar disorder (BD) is a prevalent, chronic, and recurring mental disorder. Individuals with BD spend about half of their lifetime with affective symptoms, and depressive symptoms predominate over its long-term course. Residual symptoms and mixed states are also common. Evidence indicates that a significant proportion of individuals with BD seek treatment in primary care (PC) settings. Nevertheless, BD frequently goes under-recognized in PC settings and is not always properly treated. Patients with BD can be misdiagnosed as having unipolar depression or schizophrenia, and people with other disorders such as borderline personality disorder can have symptoms that overlap with BD. Consequently, general practitioners play a significant role in the management of patients with BD and severe or refractory cases should be referred to specialized care. This chapter provides a clinical overview of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of BD in PC.
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Cooper, Sally-Ann. "Types of Mental Disorders in People with Intellectual Disability." In Oxford Textbook of the Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability, 55–60. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198794585.003.0006.

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Mental disorders are common in people with intellectual disability, with a reported point prevalence of 36% in children and young people (including challenging behaviours), and 40.9% in adults (or 28.3% excluding challenging behaviours). People with intellectual disability experience all types of mental disorders, some more commonly than the general population, e.g. autism, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, and dementia. Challenging behaviours are also common, and have no clear general population equivalent. Multi-morbidity of mental and physical disorders is typical. Mental disorder assessments are complex due to multi-morbidity and polypharmacy, in addition to impairments in communication, understanding, vision, and hearing, and the need to work with family and paid carers as well as the person with intellectual disability. Mental disorder classificatory systems have been developed for people with intellectual disability, in view of under-reporting when using general population manuals: DC-LD was designed to complement ICD-10, and DM-ID 2 to interpret DSM-5.
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Raines, James C. "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder." In Evidence-Based Practice in School Mental Health, 262–88. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190886578.003.0009.

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and related disorders can be debilitating to children and adolescents. Childhood onset of OCD occurs in about 1–3% of all children. When childhood OCD symptoms are particularly sudden and/or suddenly more severe, clinicians should investigate if it is precipitated by infectious or immune problems. The most common comorbid diagnoses are anxiety disorders, followed by oppositional defiant disorder. The Child Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) is the gold standard clinician-completed assessment. Intervention can be titrated using a multitiered system of supports framework. Collaborating with teachers, parents, and community providers is essential for these students. A case study is provided to illustrate chapter recommendations.
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Sklar, Pamela. "Genetics of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder." In Neurobiology of Mental Illness, edited by Pamela Sklar, 232–46. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199934959.003.0018.

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Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are the classic psychotic disorders. Both diseases are strongly familial, but have proven recalcitrant to genetic methodologies for identifying the etiology until recently. The explosion of strong and convincing genetic evidence indicates a contribution of many DNA changes to the risk of becoming ill. For schizophrenia, there are large contributions of rare copy number variants and common single nucleotide variants, with an overall highly polygenic genetic architecture. There is a role for rare single nucleotide variation as well as de novo genetic variation being pointed to in new sequencing studies, but their overall contribution to risk is less clear. For bipolar disorder, the role of copy number variation appears to be much less pronounced. Specific common single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated, there is evidence for polygenicity and as yet no deep sequencing surveys have been published. Several intriguing biological pathways are suggested by these genetic findings related to microRNAs and calcium channel signaling. Several surprises have emerged from the genetic data that indicate there is significantly more molecular overlap in copy number variants between autism and schizophrenia, and in common variants between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Translating these results into biological and etiological understanding has not yet advanced, and will likely only do so when experimental methods are developed than can address the large numbers of genes and variants within them that, along with environmental and stochastic effects, result in the development of disease for a particular person.
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Painter, Kirstin, and Maria Scannapieco. "Bipolar Disorder." In Understanding the Mental Health Problems of Children and Adolescents, 191–211. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190927844.003.0013.

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Bipolar disorder is a category of mood disorders that result in severe changes in a person’s mood and energy level. This chapter provides an overview of the most current research, causes, signs, symptoms, and diagnostic criteria of bipolar I and bipolar II disorder and cyclothymia. A discussion on the differences in the presentation of symptoms based on child or adolescents developmental level and on differential diagnosis is included. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is described in Chapter 5; however, it is revisited in this chapter because it was added as a new diagnosis beginning with the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to capture youth who experience significant difficulties but do not have the classic symptoms of BD. The chapter ends with an overview of common assessment tools, real-life case studies, and questions for class discussion.
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Conference papers on the topic "Common mental disorder"

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Leutanu, Gabriela. "Involvement of psychology as a science in teaching by reducing anxiety in students and teachers." In Condiții pedagogice de optimizare a învățării în post criză pandemică prin prisma dezvoltării gândirii științifice. "Ion Creanga" State Pedagogical University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46728/c.18-06-2021.p249-254.

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Psychology as a science investigates the most common mental health problems during childhood and adolescence, including anxiety disorders. When the child begins to doubt his abilities in a subject, anxiety can become a factor that prevents him from learning or reproducing the acquired knowledge. Sometimes this can be confused with a learning disorder when it comes to just anxiety. Left untreated, anxiety disorders can affect both students' ability to study and personal relationships. In severe cases, anxiety disorders can make it difficult to go to school. Anxiety is the first intrinsic answer to the requirement of functioning and performance in conditions at least different from the conditions in which we formed our usual techniques.
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Syachroni, Rosita, Mimi Sumiarsih, Iin Nurlinawati, and Rudi H. Putranto. "Prevalence and Related Factors of Common Mental Disorder Among Individual Nusantara Sehat (NSI) Staff in Remote Primary Health Care." In 4th International Symposium on Health Research (ISHR 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200215.012.

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Sylvain, Chantal, Marie-José Durand, and Pascale Maillette. "120 What are the active components of a work rehabilitation program according to workers sick-listed for a common mental disorder?" In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1535.

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Knüppel, A., MJ Shipley, CH Llewellyn, and EJ Brunner. "OP47 Relationships between sugar intake from sweet food and beverages, common mental disorder and depression: prospective findings from the whitehall ii cohort study." In Society for Social Medicine, 61st Annual Scientific Meeting, University of Manchester, 5–8 September 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-ssmabstracts.47.

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Stegemann, Stefan Kleine, Lara Ebenfeld, Hanne Thiart, Matthias Berking, and Burkhardt Funk. "Towards measuring user engagement in internet interventions for common mental disorders." In The 26th BCS Conference on Human Computer Interaction. BCS Learning & Development, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/hci2012.83.

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Karamolegkou, Anastasia, Christina Diamantopoulou, Georgia Koutentaki, and Lefkothea-Vasiliki Andreou. "CO-CONSTRUCTING A LEARNING EXPERIENCE TO APPROACH MENTAL ILLNESS IN THE CLASSROOM: A TEACHING MICRO-SCENARIO." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end148.

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Social distancing, isolation, stress, and fear in the times of the COVID-19 pandemic are factors that trigger or exacerbate mental health conditions. Further to this, mental health literacy is particularly relevant to secondary education as puberty is a common age of onset of mental disorders. Nevertheless, the topic is somewhat overlooked due to teaching challenges that involve potential emotional triggers, the complex and sensitive nature of the issue, as well as a limited pool of educational resources. Here, we propose a teaching micro-scenario that addresses the topic of mental health literacy via an interdisciplinary approach that promotes active learning. First, students are introduced to the neurobiology of mental disorders by means of engaging with interactive audiovisual materials and a 3D brain simulation. Then, students work on their statistics skills by calculating estimates on affected populations including the school community. Finally, art and creativity are employed to explore healing and public health. The evaluation of the proposed learning intervention is achieved in the form of plenary discussion.
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Feijo, Fernando, Eduarda Buriol, Cristiane Bunchen, Paulo Antonio Oliveira, and Mayte Amazarray. "1007 Association between workplace bullying and common mental disorders in brazilian civil servants." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1592.

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Kouvonen, Anne, Minna Mänty, Tea Lallukka, Eero Lahelma, and Ossi Rahkonen. "O31-6 Changes in psychosocial and physical working conditions and common mental disorders." In Occupational Health: Think Globally, Act Locally, EPICOH 2016, September 4–7, 2016, Barcelona, Spain. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-103951.157.

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Piña Baena, Ana, Antonio Manuel Ramírez Ojeda, and Celia Muñoz Cauqui. "A propósito de un caso: Sintomatología psicótica en paciente con Trastorno por uso de sustancias." In 22° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2020. SEPD, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2020p057.

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Descripción del caso Varón de 46 años con orientación diagnóstica de Trastorno Depresivo Moderado y Trastorno Mixto de la personalidad, junto con consumo de diversos tóxicos. (1) De manera insidiosa, superpuesto al cuadro afectivo, comienza con sintomatología sensoperceptiva en forma de alucinaciones auditivas, con gran repercusión afectiva y conductual (2). Exploración Colaborador y orientado. Discurso coherente y fluido. Ánimo bajo y clínica ansiosa. Irritabilidad y suspicacia, marcada tendencia al aislamiento, con abandono de autocuidados. Fenómenos sensoperceptivos ‘algunas veces escucho a mi madre...falleció hace años’. Hiporexia reactiva e insomnio de conciliación. Evolución De novo, aparecen síntomas de la esfera psicótica, con gran repercusión conductual (aislamiento y abandono de autocuidados), impresionando de reactivos al consumo de tóxicos. Ante esta situación se indica tratamiento antipsicótico, añadiendo aripiprazol oral, y posteriomente de liberación prolongada mensual. Existe una mejoría clínica evidente, con una ganancia en la funcionalidad diaria objetivable. Juicio clínico Trastorno Depresivo Moderado (F32.1) y Trastorno Mixto de la personalidad (F61). Discusión Se ha evidenciado la comorbilidad entre el trastorno por uso de sustancias y situaciones tales como síntomas de corte psicótico, suponiendo, en determinadas ocasiones, situación de gran angustia y repercusión para dichos sujetos (3). En esta línea, es importante poder garantizar la abstinencia a tóxicos, además de plantear un tratamiento farmacológico y psicoterapéutico que pueda mejorar dicha sintomatología. En el caso presentado, existe una mejoría clínico y funcional del mismo evidente y llamativa. Bibliografía (1) American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4. Washington, DC: Author; 2000. text rev (2) Falkai P. Delusional disorders due to medical conditions or substance abuse. WPA Journal volume 2 supplement 1. 2003 (3) Bowden-Jones O, Iqbal MZ, Tyrer P, Seivewright N, Cooper S, Judd A, Weaver T. Prevalence of personality disorder in alcohol and drug services and associated comorbidity. Addiction 99[10], 1306-1314. 2004
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Usenkova, Ekaterina V., and Alina S. Yakovleva. "Interactive game as a means of preventing dysgraphy in primary school children with mental retardation." In Особый ребенок: Обучение, воспитание, развитие. Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/978-5-00089-474-3-2021-125-133.

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The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the fact that currently writing disorders are one of the most common speech pathologies in children, especially in children with mental retardation. The leading activity in primary school age in children with mental retardation is play, so interactive play can become a leading method in the prevention of dysgraphy. Prevention of dysgraphy is an important link for determining the content of speech therapy work to prepare children of this category to learn to read and write.
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Reports on the topic "Common mental disorder"

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MOSKALENKO, OLGA, and ROMAN YASKEVICH. ANXIETY-DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2658-4034-2021-12-1-2-185-190.

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Our article presents a review of the literature and considers the most pressing problem of modern medicine - a combination of anxiety-depressive states in patients with cardiovascular diseases, which are more common in people of working age, having a negative impact on the quality of life of patients, contributing to the deterioration of physical, mental and social adaptation, which further leads to negative socio-economic consequences.
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Leavy, Michelle B., Danielle Cooke, Sarah Hajjar, Erik Bikelman, Bailey Egan, Diana Clarke, Debbie Gibson, Barbara Casanova, and Richard Gliklich. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Report on Registry Configuration. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcregistryoutcome.

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Background: Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder. Many pressing questions regarding depression treatment and outcomes exist, and new, efficient research approaches are necessary to address them. The primary objective of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility and value of capturing the harmonized depression outcome measures in the clinical workflow and submitting these data to different registries. Secondary objectives include demonstrating the feasibility of using these data for patient-centered outcomes research and developing a toolkit to support registries interested in sharing data with external researchers. Methods: The harmonized outcome measures for depression were developed through a multi-stakeholder, consensus-based process supported by AHRQ. For this implementation effort, the PRIME Registry, sponsored by the American Board of Family Medicine, and PsychPRO, sponsored by the American Psychiatric Association, each recruited 10 pilot sites from existing registry sites, added the harmonized measures to the registry platform, and submitted the project for institutional review board review Results: The process of preparing each registry to calculate the harmonized measures produced three major findings. First, some clarifications were necessary to make the harmonized definitions operational. Second, some data necessary for the measures are not routinely captured in structured form (e.g., PHQ-9 item 9, adverse events, suicide ideation and behavior, and mortality data). Finally, capture of the PHQ-9 requires operational and technical modifications. The next phase of this project will focus collection of the baseline and follow-up PHQ-9s, as well as other supporting clinical documentation. In parallel to the data collection process, the project team will examine the feasibility of using natural language processing to extract information on PHQ-9 scores, adverse events, and suicidal behaviors from unstructured data. Conclusion: This pilot project represents the first practical implementation of the harmonized outcome measures for depression. Initial results indicate that it is feasible to calculate the measures within the two patient registries, although some challenges were encountered related to the harmonized definition specifications, the availability of the necessary data, and the clinical workflow for collecting the PHQ-9. The ongoing data collection period, combined with an evaluation of the utility of natural language processing for these measures, will produce more information about the practical challenges, value, and burden of using the harmonized measures in the primary care and mental health setting. These findings will be useful to inform future implementations of the harmonized depression outcome measures.
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How effective is medication for ADHD symptoms in children with ASD? ACAMH, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.14221.

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Clinically significant attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are common and impairing in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).1 Moreover, ADHD is the most common co-occurring mental health diagnosis driving increased rates of medication use in children with ASD.
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The DSM-5 criteria for DMDD overlook children with context-specific impairing irritability. ACAMH, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.13932.

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Impairing irritability is common in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but little is known about its prevalence across contexts. Now, data from a study recently published in Child and Adolescent Mental Health have shed light on the prevalence of context-specific irritability in ADHD and how it varies depending on parenting practices and sleep problems.
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Anxiety disorders. ACAMH, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.221.

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Anxiety disorders in children and young people are common and can have a significant impact on mental health and well-being. Anxiety disorders can affect family, school and social life, leisure activities and educational achievement and they often occur alongside other mental health problems.
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Paediatric anxiety disorders confer a considerable public health burden. ACAMH, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.13778.

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Anxiety disorders usually begin in childhood or adolescence and are the most common mental health condition across the life span.1,2 Consequently, intense research efforts are focused on delineating the underlying mechanisms of paediatric anxiety so that we can better identify those at risk and intervene early.
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