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Journal articles on the topic 'Commonwealth (Organization) History'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Stepanova, N. A. "Great Britain in the Commonwealth of Nations." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 4(37) (August 28, 2014): 214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-4-37-214-221.

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The article is devoted to an analysis of the role of the Commonwealth of Nations in British history and politics. Having emerged at the end of the XIX c. as an informal association of Britain and dominions within the British Empire it has developed into an independent institute that includes almost all former British territories. Even though nowadays the Commonwealth is a free association of countries and manifests democratic values, this distinctive representation of imperialists stood at its origins, and at times the term itself signified the empire, though in a more progressive, democratic

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2

Duxbury, Alison. "Rejuvenating the Commonwealth—The Human Rights Remedy." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 46, no. 2 (April 1997): 344–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589300060462.

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Lord Casey's sad testament to an organisation which was perceived as “on the way to becoming not much more than a paper connection” is hardly encouraging to someone intent on studying the institution. It would appear that the Commonwealth of Nations as a contemporary discussion point is even less fashionable today than it was 30 years ago. It has recently been written that in our generation those few individuals with an opinion about the Commonwealth view it as an “anachronistic organization whose retirement to the pages of history is long overdue”. The situation of an Australian attempting to

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Malyshev, D. "The Commonwealth of Independent States: Thirty Years Together." Russia and New States of Eurasia, no. 1 (2021): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/2073-4786-2021-1-9-22.

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The article analyzes the main key events in the development of the thirty-year history of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) as the main structure operating in the post-Soviet space. The main stages of the formation of the CIS as a full-fledged international organization are shown; the characteristics of its structure and statutory bodies are given. Special attention is paid to the essential aspects of the development of the CIS in 2020–2021, as well as the current state of this organization, the direction of its activities in the context of overcoming the negative consequences of th

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Williams, Alan Lee. "‘People have a Part to Play‘ The English-Speaking Union." English Today 1, no. 1 (January 1985): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078400013067.

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For its first interview, English Today talks to Alan Lee Williams, Director-General, the English-Speaking Union of the Commonwealth, about his association's aims, history, organization, membership, projects and approach to the English language.

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Alieva, Rafoat R., and Rafoat R. Alieva. "MILITARY-TECHNICAL COOPERATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN ENSURING THE REGIONAL SECURITY OF CENTRAL ASIAN STATES." Society and Security Insights 3, no. 2 (April 8, 2020): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/ssi(2020)2-05.

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The article examines the issues of expanding and strengthening the military-political cooperation of the Republic of Tajikistan with the Russian Federation to ensure the security of the states of the Central Asian region. It is noted that a broad legal and organizational-structural base has been created that enshrines the directions of military-political cooperation between the two states. The international activities of states in the field of security in the framework of the Commonwealth of Independent States hereinafter (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (hereinafter CSTO) an

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Minderhout, David, and Jessica Dowsett. "Our Stories, Our Future: The Eastern Delaware Nations Oral History Project." Practicing Anthropology 32, no. 1 (December 25, 2009): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.32.1.r158n23v4j7jvg38.

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The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania takes the stance that there are no Native Americans within the borders of the state, but as in the rest of the United States there has been over the last three decades a rising consciousness among Pennsylvanians with some native ancestry of their cultural heritage. These people contend that they are descended from intermarriages between colonial Europeans and the indigenous Lenape or Susquehannock peoples, and that their ancestors did not leave Pennsylvania in the 18th century, as history books assert, but rather stayed behind, assimilated, and hid their native

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Browder, Laura. "Sheep Hill Memories, Carver Dreams: Creating a Living Newspaper Today." Public Historian 26, no. 2 (2004): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2004.26.2.73.

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In November 2000, the living newspaper drama Sheep Hill Memories, Carver Dreams premiered to packed houses at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) in Richmond. This documentary play concerns the history and survival of Carver, a historically African- American working-class community bordering VCU which was being threatened by the university’s planned expansion. Performed by a Carver-based theater group with a twenty-seven-year history, in collaboration with TheatreVCU, Sheep Hill Memories, Carver Dreams was the outcome of a two-year collaboration between a grass-roots community organization

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8

Verhoef, Grietjie. "From Friendly Society to Compulsory Medical Aid Association." Social Science History 30, no. 4 (2006): 601–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200013602.

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The compulsory medical benefit scheme for white public servants in South Africa grew out of a friendly society founded in 1905. This development diverged from the experience of other members of the British Commonwealth, where universal health insurance schemes developed following the British example. The Civil Servants’ Medical Benefit Association (CSMBA) addressed the needs of white public servants, leaving the non-white communities without any form of government-sponsored medical support, apart from health care provided at government hospitals. The CSMBA was a well-managed medical benefit as

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ARKUSHA, Olena. "«Do you require our responsibility to gentry times?». Ukrainian intellectuals’ of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century opinions about the role of the heritage of the polish-lithuanian commonwealth in the creation of modern ukrainian nation." Ukraine-Poland: Historical Heritage and Public Consciousness 11 (2018): 27–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/up.2018-11-27-55.

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European historiography changed considerably during the nineteenth century. Formation of historical source study as a separate science, on the one hand, and awareness of the connection between the historical narrative of the past with political interests, on the other hand, gave impetus to the writing of historical works on national history, the so-called grand narratives. They relied on historical sources, but chose what served the actual political interests, and ignored or interpreted otherwise what they did not fit. The territorial organization of living space has become a priority task of

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Kurjanska, Malgorzata. "Disgruntled Elites and Imperial States: The Making of Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Civil Society in Congress Poland and Western Galicia." Comparative Studies in Society and History 61, no. 3 (June 28, 2019): 563–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001041751900015x.

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AbstractWhy does civil society in some cases become a tool of elite organization and domination of non-elites, and in others a sphere for non-elite self-organization and self-determination? To answer this question, this article compares the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century divergent developments of civil society in two regions of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: Russian-ruled Congress Poland, with a focus on the Warsaw Governorate (1815–1915), and Austrian-ruled western-Galicia, concentrating on the Grand Duchy of Krakow (1846–1914). This analysis of variation in elite do

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Esparza, René. "“Qué Bonita Mi Tierra”." Radical History Review 2021, no. 140 (May 1, 2021): 107–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-8841706.

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Abstract Employing an anticolonial and anticapitalist approach to HIV/AIDS, the activists of the Latina/o Caucus of ACT UP/NY pushed beyond a biomedical framework of “drugs into bodies” that tended to dominate the larger organization. As US queer racialized/colonial subjects, Latinx AIDS activists enacted a queer and feminist decolonial activism that looked past the continental United States to the global South. In Puerto Rico, Latinx AIDS activists helped establish the first chapter of ACT UP in a Spanish-speaking country. Together, the Latina/o Caucus and ACT UP/Puerto Rico spearheaded a cam

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SMYTH, JAMES J. "THOMAS CHALMERS, THE ‘GODLY COMMONWEALTH’, AND CONTEMPORARY WELFARE REFORM IN BRITAIN AND THE USA." Historical Journal 57, no. 3 (August 14, 2014): 845–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x14000016.

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ABSTRACTCurrent prescriptions for welfare reform and increased reliance on the voluntary sector often base their appeal on the lessons of history, in particular the apparent successes of Victorian philanthropy in combating ‘pauperism’. This article looks at how this message has become influential in the USA and the UK among the ruling parties of right and left through the particular prism of the neo-conservative appreciation of the work of Thomas Chalmers, the early nineteenth-century Scottish churchman and authority on poverty. The attraction of Chalmers, both to the Charity Organization Soci

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Piccini, Jon, and Duncan Money. "“A Fundamental Human Right”? Mixed-Race Marriage and the Meaning of Rights in the Postwar British Commonwealth." Comparative Studies in Society and History 63, no. 3 (June 29, 2021): 655–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417521000177.

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AbstractThis article explores the removal or exclusion in the late 1940s of people in interracial marriages from two corners of the newly formed Commonwealth of Nations, Australia and Britain's southern African colonies. The stories of Ruth and Sereste Khama, exiled from colonial Botswana, and those of Chinese refugees threatened with deportation and separation from their white Australian wives, reveal how legal rearticulations in the immediate postwar era created new, if quixotic, points of opposition for ordinary people to make their voices heard. As the British Empire became the Commonwealt

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SHARIPOVA, LIUDMYLA. "KINSHIP, PROPERTY RELATIONS, AND THE SURVIVAL OF DOUBLE MONASTERIES IN THE EASTERN CHURCH." Historical Journal 63, no. 2 (July 8, 2019): 267–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x19000219.

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AbstractThe article examines the enduring phenomenon of double monasticism, the type of religious organization whereby a single monastic unit combined a male and a female community that followed the same rule, recognized the authority of the same superior, and functioned within the boundaries of the same monastic compound or in close proximity to each other, but not in shared quarters. After centuries of evolution since late antiquity, double monasteries effectively ceased to exist in the Latin West by the high middle ages, but demonstrated remarkable staying powers in the sphere of historic B

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Bonica, Joseph S. "“The Motherly Office of the State”: Cultural Struggle and Comprehensive Administration Before the Civil War." Studies in American Political Development 22, no. 1 (2008): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x08000059.

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This essay examines the cultural dimensions of state administrative formation. Revisiting the organization of early U.S. state school administrations in the decades before the Civil War, I emphasize the culturally peculiar vocabularies of universal salvation and motherly care in which early administrators outlined an apparatus of state “designed, like the common blessings of heaven, to encompass all.” Self-consciously distinguishing themselves from a republican governing tradition that depended upon localities to administrate state policy, the Unitarian Horace Mann and his liberal Protestant a

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Adenaike, Carolyn Keyes. "Contextualizing and Decontextualizing African Historical Photographs." History in Africa 23 (January 1996): 429–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171953.

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In the summer of 1992 I was fortunate enough to visit two large collections of photographs for the purpose of African historical research.Muse and subject of this essay, these collections are housed in the library of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (hereafter FCO) and the library of the Royal Commonwealth Society (hereafter RCS), both in London. Although comparable in some respects, the two contrast sharply in styles of organization. It is this contrast which motivates the present writing, as it illustrates certain effects of the organization of collections on the usefulness of photographs

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Cruz Santos, Beatriz Catão. "The Feast of Corpus Christi: Artisan Crafts and Skilled Trades in Eighteenth-Century Rio de Janeiro." Americas 65, no. 2 (October 2008): 193–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.0.0035.

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In this text, motivated by the need to offer a different perspective to the representation of theSenado da Câmara(Municipal Council) in relation to the society that participated in Corpus Christi, I return to the study of the feast in the eighteenth century. The câmara was responsible for the spatial-temporal framework of the ritual in the diverse cities of Portuguese America, among other prerogatives and duties identified and analyzed by the historiography regarding this institution of the Ancien Regime. According to the câmara's minutes, the “Church, the Senate and the People (Povo)” would b

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Gazibo, Mamoudou, and Olivier Mbabia. "REORDERING INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS: THE FORUM ON CHINA-AFRICA COOPERATION." AUSTRAL: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2012): 51–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2238-6912.27992.

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China’s rise became evident at the turn of the century in a context of American unilateralism under the command of George W. Bush. This context explains, to a large extent, Chinese strategies to avoid isolation and defend its interests. As such, China has chosen to act through multilateralism, previously viewed with suspicion, but now sought as an essential element to its diplomatic strategy, especially at the regional level. In this context, FOCAC can be understood as an imperfect multilateral undertaking knowing that bilateral relations are at the core of the relations between China and Afri

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Pakhomova, Aleksandra S. "Whither drifted “The Sailors of Marseilles” in 1917?" Literary Fact, no. 19 (2021): 181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-8297-2021-19-181-199.

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The article analyzes the history of lesser-known literary union “The Sailors of Marseilles” that existed in Petrograd in 1917. Mikhail Kuzmin was the central figure and the most popular writer in this union. Other “sailors” were young poets who wanted to reach out the audience and to get the opportunity for publication. Until now, this union has not been studied in the context of Kuzmin’s oeuvre, literary reputation and author’s strategies. Some conclusions have been made in the process of our research. First of all, Kuzmin’s attitude to literary unions has been specified. As we can see, he co

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Merrill, Michael. "Commonwealth and “Commonism”." International Labor and Working-Class History 78, no. 1 (2010): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547910000232.

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AbstractBoth Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri inCommonwealth(2008) and Peter Linebaugh inThe Magna Carta Manifesto(2009) want to put the commons and communism—understood as a form of society in which private property has been replaced by property in common—“back on the agenda.” They even insist that just such a social and economic order “grounded in the common” is “already in process” and that communism is thus more relevant and possible than ever. To a certain extent, they are right. We need a functioning commons if human society is to remain viable. But we also need a functioning commercial e

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Glaziev, Vladimir. "Fortress Cities of the Russian Black Earth Region in 1604–1618: Overcoming the Civil War." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 2 (April 2019): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2019.2.9.

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The article concerns the premises and the course of the Civil War (the Time of Troubles) in the Russian Black Earth Region. Fortress cities “na Pole” [in the field] were founded in the late 16th century. The major part of the regional population were service-class people who were not as wealthy as serviceclass people from central uyezds. Introducing a work-off servitude caused their defection to False Dimitry. Fortress cities “na Pole” supported the movement under I. Bolotnikov’s and False Dimitry II’s command. In 1611-1612 the Black Earth Region cities didn’t seem to recognize Vladislav as a

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Watson, Nicole. "The Northern Territory Emergency Response: The More Things Change, The More They Stay the Same." Alberta Law Review 48, no. 4 (May 1, 2011): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/alr139.

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The Northern Territory Emergency Response (NTER) was a raft of measures introduced by the Commonwealth of Australia in response to allegations of child sexual abuse in Northern Territory Aboriginal communities. The measures included the compulsory acquisition of Aboriginal lands, the quarantining of welfare payments, prohibitions on alcohol, and the vesting of expansive powers in the Commonwealth Minister to intervene in the affairs of Aboriginal organizations. This article aims to provide a brief historical background of Aboriginal people's experiences with the law in Australia, discuss certa

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Stott, Neil, and Michelle Fava. "Challenging racialized institutions." Journal of Management History 26, no. 3 (November 21, 2019): 315–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmh-08-2019-0053.

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Purpose This paper aims to review the history of black and minority ethnic housing associations in England since the arrival of Commonwealth migrants. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the theoretical framework of Lawrence and Buchanan (2017), the authors examine the interplay of institutional control, agency and resistance, in a highly racialized context. Findings The authors identify five phases in the development of grassroots organizers into housing associations, describing the different types of “institutional work” involved in challenging racialized institutions and establishing new

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Turner, Mary, and Lawrence A. Nurse. "Trade Unionism and Industrial Relations in the Commonwealth Caribbean: History, Contemporary Practice and Prospect." Labour / Le Travail 32 (1993): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25143776.

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Gardner, Heather, G. S. Reid, and Martyn Forrest. "Australia's Commonwealth Parliament, 1901-1988. Ten Perspectives." Labour History, no. 59 (1990): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27509031.

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Johnson, Jessica E., Margaret Turman Kidd, and Laura Muskavitch. "“We Are Not Bound by Traditions”: Women's Collections at Virginia Commonwealth University Special Collections and Archives." Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals 14, no. 3 (September 2018): 277–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155019061801400306.

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Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Libraries Special Collections and Archives has focused its manuscript collecting around women's collections since the department's inception in 1975. By happenstance, VCU's predecessor institutions, the Medical College of Virginia (1838) and the Richmond Professional Institute (1917), had accumulated research materials through their traditionally female-oriented courses of study, such as nursing and social work. Capitalizing on the rising popularity of women's history and the subject strengths found in its institutional archives, VCU began acquiring the p

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Smith, R. F. I., and Gavin Souter. "Acts of Parliament: A Narrative History of the Senate and House of Representatives, Commonwealth of Australia." Labour History, no. 57 (1989): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27508965.

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Каденюк, О. С. "Public-educational organizations of Wolina the 20's - 30's of the XX century." ВІСНИК СХІДНОУКРАЇНСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ імені Володимира Даля, no. 3(259) (February 18, 2020): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33216/1998-7927-2020-259-3-32-36.

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The article, on the example of Volyn, analyzes the activities of public organizations in the Ukrainian ethnic lands that became part of Poland and the Soviet Union after the signing of the Riga peace treaty. These lands were the reflection of the most tragic pages in the history of Ukraine. More than once, they have played an extraordinary role in the history of the entire Ukrainian people, which has been reflected in his fate. The defeat of national liberation competitions in 1917 - 1921 and the tragic consequences of these events for the Ukrainian statehood turned Volyn into a specific socio

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Logan, Nneka. "The rise of the railroad in Virginia: A historical analysis of the emergence of corporate public relations in the United States." Public Relations Inquiry 7, no. 1 (January 2018): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2046147x17743299.

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This article explores the origins of corporate public relations by examining the untold story of railroad development and expansion in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Understanding the circumstances surrounding Virginia’s pioneer railroads, which emerged at a tumultuous time within a state deeply divided over the related issues of the railroad and slavery, can enrich our comprehension of public relations history in corporate contexts. Fully functioning society theory (FFST) is used as a theoretical framework to guide the historical analysis of the rise of the railroad in Virginia in the 19th and

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Haider, Zaglul. "Canadian Policy Towards Bangladesh: How Does the North Look at the South?" African and Asian Studies 10, no. 4 (2011): 281–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921011x605562.

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Abstract The goal of the paper is to analyze the Canadian policy towards Bangladesh. In this paper I argue that Canadian approach towards Bangladesh was different in different phases of history. In the liberation war of Bangladesh Canada played a role that went against the interest of Bangladesh and suited with the triple alliance of the US-Pakistan and China. Against the backdrop of Cold War politics, Canadian policy demonstrated the reflection of her national interest. In the dawn of the independence of Bangladesh in the early 1970’s Canada revised its policy, immediately recognized the new

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Johns, Caroline, and Don Guttenplan. "American Exceptionalism? U.S. Working-Class Formation in an International Context: Commonwealth Fund Conference, 1995." International Labor and Working-Class History 48 (1995): 158–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547900005408.

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Simonenko, Ekaterina. "Canada’s Participation in the Imperial Military Bodies in the First World War." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija 26, no. 1 (March 2021): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2021.1.11.

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Introduction. The paper is devoted to the participation of Canada in the creation and activities of the Imperial War Cabinet and two Imperial War Conferences of 1917 and 1918 to explain the evolution of the foreign and political status of Canada as a part of the British Empire after the end of the War. Methods and materials. The paper is based on the British and Canadian Parliamentary Debates, Reports, Minutes of Proceedings and Meetings of the Imperial War Conferences 1917/1918 and the Imperial War Cabinet. To study them, it uses the method of historical criticism of sources. The author also

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Prentice, Alison, and Susan L. Porter. "Women of the Commonwealth: Work, Family, and Social Change in Nineteenth-Century Massachusetts." Labour / Le Travail 40 (1997): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25144185.

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Morton, Desmond, and J. William Brennan. "'Building the Co-operative Commonwealth': Essays on the Democratic Socialist Tradition in Canada." Labour / Le Travail 18 (1986): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25142691.

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Shnukal, Anna. "A Failed Experiment: Okinawan Indents and the Postwar Torres Strait Pearlshelling Industry, 1958–1963." International Labor and Working-Class History 99 (2021): 122–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547920000307.

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AbstractThroughout its European history, Australia has solved recurrent labor shortages by importing workers from overseas. Situated on shipping lanes between the Pacific and Indian Oceans, the northern Australian pearlshelling industry became a significant locus of second-wave transnational labor flows (1870–1940) and by the 1880s was dependent on indentured workers from the Pacific and Southeast Asia. Exempted from the racially discriminatory Immigration Restriction Act of 1901, indentured Asian seamen, principally Japanese, maintained the industry until the outbreak of the Pacific War in 19

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Stott, P. H. "STATEWIDE INVENTORIES OF HERITAGE RESOURCES: MACRIS AND THE EXPERIENCE IN MASSACHUSETTS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W5 (August 23, 2017): 743–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w5-743-2017.

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The Massachusetts Historical Commission (MHC) is the State Historic Preservation Office for Massachusetts. Established in 1963, MHC has been inventorying historic properties for over half a century. Since 1987, it has maintained a heritage database, the Massachusetts Cultural Resource Information System, or MACRIS. Today MACRIS holds over 206,000 records from the 351 towns and cities across the Commonwealth. Since 2004, a selection of the more than 150 MACRIS fields has been available online at mhcmacris. net.<br><br> MACRIS is widely used by independent consultants preparing proje

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Cleary, Joe. "The English Department as Imperial Commonwealth, or The Global Past and Global Future of English Studies." boundary 2 48, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 139–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01903659-8821461.

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Though canons and faculty have greatly diversified in recent decades, English departments around the world fundamentally prioritize English and American literatures. To this extent, they resemble the Anglo-American imperial commonwealths that some toward the end of the nineteenth century advocated for in order to stave off the decline of the British Empire and to shore up a permanent Anglo-American supremacy against all threats. Still, as the English language becomes “global,” English departments today founder for a variety of reasons and convey a persistent sense of crisis. Has the time come

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Ellem, Bradon. "Beyond Industrial Relations: WorkChoices and the Reshaping of Labour, Class and the Commonwealth." Labour History, no. 90 (2006): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27516122.

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Dutton, David. "The Commonwealth Investigation Branch and the Political Construction of the Australian Citizenry, 1920-40." Labour History, no. 75 (1998): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27516607.

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Leclercq, M. G., and A. G. Robertson. "(A216) Ashmore Reef Boat Explosion: A Nightmare Scenario that Became a Reality." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002068.

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At approximately 06:15h on 16 April 2009, there was an explosion and subsequent fire onboard the Suspected Illegal Entry Vessel (SIEV) 36. The vessel was located in the vicinity of the Ashmore Reef, approximately 610 kilometers north of Broome in Western Australia (WA). Onboard were members of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN), 47 asylum seekers, and two crew members. Traveling with SIEV 36 were the RAN Patrol Boats, HMAS Childers, and HMAS Albany. The explosion resulted in five deaths and a large number of casualties with severe burn injuries, and a smaller number with concurrent trauma injurie

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McGreal, Rory. "A case study of an international e-learning training division: Meeting objectives." International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 10, no. 6 (December 23, 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v10i6.619.

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This paper presents an evaluation of the work of the Commonwealth of Learning’s (COL) eLearning with International Organisations (eLIO) section. Participants in the investigation included a representative sample of the learners (<em>N</em> = 15), their supervisors (<em>N</em> = 5), and the COL staff, including all of the eLIO staff (<em>N</em> = 10). The methodology consisted of an examination of all relevant documents, interviews that formed a learning history, and a sample survey. The investigation concluded that the eLIO achieved its goal of developing a

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Hovell, Devika. "Due Process in the United Nations." American Journal of International Law 110, no. 1 (January 2016): 9–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.110.1.0001.

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“For hard it is for high and stately buildings long to stand except they be upholden and staid by most strong shores, and rest upon most sure foundations”—Jean Bodin, The Six Books of a Commonweale (1576)It has been said of the redemptive quality of procedural reform that it is “about nine parts myth and one part coconut oil.” Yet, as the recent history of the United Nations shows, failure to enact adequate procedural reform can have damaging consequences for an organization and its activities. In the targeted-sanctions context, litigation in over thirty national and regional courts over due p

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James, Marcus. "The Struggle against Silicosis in the Australian Mining Industry: The Role of the Commonwealth Government,1920-1950." Labour History, no. 65 (1993): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27509198.

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Buhle, Paul. "Tom Juravich, William F. Hartford, and James R. Green, Commonwealth of Toil: Chapters in the History of Massachusetts Workers and Their Unions. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1996. xii + 193 pp. $45.00 cloth; $19.95 paper." International Labor and Working-Class History 53 (1998): 251–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547900013958.

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Frances, Raelene. "Marginal Matters: Gender, Skill, Unions and the Commonwealth Arbitration Court: A Case Study of the Australian Printing Industry, 1925-1937." Labour History, no. 61 (1991): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27509087.

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Morris, Richard. "Job Control and Commonwealth Industrial Relations Policy: The 1920-21 Strike and Lockout of the Federated Marine Stewards and Pantrymen's Association." Labour History, no. 78 (2000): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27516704.

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Armstrong, Robert. "“Beasts with Claws”: The English Republic, the Presbyterian Peril, and the Ulster Question." Journal of British Studies, August 16, 2021, 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2021.120.

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Abstract Among the multitude of enemies facing the newly born English republic, the Presbyterians of Ulster posed a threat at once ideological and military. Such supporters of the new regime as John Milton derided the “blockish presbyters” of a “remote” province and denounced them as Scottish intruders upon English soil. But the threat they posed lay not only in their capacity to mobilize an armed population but to do so around religious and political positions drawn from a common stock of ideas present across the three kingdoms. The twin dangers could be made to serve polemical purposes withi

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Aggarwal, Monica, and A. Paul Williams. "Tinkering at the margins: evaluating the pace and direction of primary care reform in Ontario, Canada." BMC Family Practice 20, no. 1 (September 11, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12875-019-1014-8.

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Abstract Background Primary care reform has been on the political agenda in Canada and many industrialized countries for several decades; it is widely seen as the foundation for broader health system transformation. Federal investments in primary care, including major cash transfers to provinces and territories as part of a 10-year health care funding agreement in 2004, triggered waves of primary care reform across Canada. Nevertheless, Commonwealth Fund surveys show, Canada continues to lag behind other industrialized nations with respect to timely access to care, electronic medical record us

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Eustis, Joanne, and Gail McMillan. "Libraries Address The Challenges Of Asynchronous Learning." Online Learning 2, no. 1 (March 19, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.24059/olj.v2i1.1929.

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As asynchronous learning becomes the norm throughout academia, changes are taking place in campus information systems. Academic libraries, as the entity responsible for serving the information needs of the university, have little choice but to change dramatically. In fact, academic libraries have a history of being aggressive in adapting state-of-the-art technologies. One can point to decades-long involvement with the development of online catalogs and the use of shared cataloging utilities. Libraries continue to serve academic teaching and learning by taking on new roles, revising traditional

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Keogh, Luke. "The First Four Wells: Unconventional Gas in Australia." M/C Journal 16, no. 2 (March 8, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.617.

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Unconventional energy sources have become increasingly important to the global energy mix. These include coal seam gas, shale gas and shale oil. The unconventional gas industry was pioneered in the United States and embraced following the first oil shock in 1973 (Rogers). As has been the case with many global resources (Hiscock), many of the same companies that worked in the USA carried their experience in this industry to early Australian explorations. Recently the USA has secured significant energy security with the development of unconventional energy deposits such as the Marcellus shale ga

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