Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Communal housing'

Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-99).
In Hong Kong, young singles are left out of the affordable housing equation. They require much more space per person in comparison to those living in family housing, and the government is not willing to allocate a disproportionate amount of already limited public resources to house this demographic. Many young singles end up living in cramped conditions with their parents well into their 30s, lacking space and autonomy throughout their golden years. Conditions for elderly singles are more dire - with no family to look after them, many live in Hong Kong's notorious cage homes, stacked bed spaces within already tiny apartments in the city's poorer districts. CASH transcends this housing deadlock by providing a new approach towards affordable housing - proactive affordability - for Hong Kong's singles population. The architecture acts as a platform that maximizes opportunities for tenants to generate extra revenue, allowing them to afford their own spaces. This is achieved by re-organizing private and communal space in such a way that allows for subletting and commercial activity to coincide with the residential space. The building positions itself to generate foot traffic, creating greater opportunities for its tenants. In doing so, the residents of CASH can live larger, dream bigger and work harder, on their own terms and within their own communities.
by Yan-Ping Wang.
M.Arch.

An emerging field in rainwater harvesting (RWH) is the application of communal rainwater harvesting system. This system's main advantage compared to individual RWH is the centralization of water treatment, which some users of individual RWH find difficult to maintain. Despite alleviating one concern, this communal approach does not increase the RHW system's (RWHS) reliability nor necessarily satisfy all water demands, and hence is not a major improvement in terms of system performance. This research tackles this challenge with a novel approach to communal RWH for single-family houses. Instead of the traditional communal approach to RWH which uses only one storage location, we propose connecting multiple single-family homes' RWHSs to a communal backup tank, i.e., capturing overflow from multiple RWHS, which will increase reliability and water demand met in a way that will significantly improve the current performance of communal RWH. The proposed system will potentially maximize the availability of potable water while limiting spillage and overflow. We simulated the performance of the system in two cities, Houston and Jacksonville, for multiple private and communal storage combination. Results show that volumetric reliability gains, of 1.5% - 6% and 1.5% - 4%, can be achieved for seven to ten and six to seven connected households, respectively, for Houston and Jacksonville if the emphasis is on volumetric reliability (VR). As per total storage capacity, the system achieves higher VR gains for lower total storage capacity in Houston while the system achieves higher VR gains for higher total storage capacities in Jacksonville. With regards to the total cost of ownership per household for the individual system and for the communal storage system, the lifecycle cost of the system was performed using the Net Present Value (NPV) method, with an interest rate of 7% over 30 years. The NPV of the total system costs per household in the city of Houston is lowest for nine to ten connected households, as well as comparable to the base case of a rainwater harvesting system that is not connected to a communal tank for seven and eight connected households. This communal system is more resilient and can be a worthy addition to water and stormwater infrastructures, especially in the face of climate change.
Doctor of Philosophy
An emerging field in rainwater harvesting (RWH) is the application of communal rainwater harvesting system. This system's main advantage compared to individual RWH is the centralization of water treatment, which some users of individual RWH find difficult to maintain. Despite alleviating one concern, this communal approach does not increase the RHW system's (RWHS) reliability nor necessarily satisfy all water demands, and hence is not a major improvement in terms of system performance. This research tackles this challenge with a novel approach to communal RWH for single-family houses. Instead of the traditional communal approach to RWH which uses only one storage location, we propose connecting multiple single-family homes' RWHSs to a communal backup tank, i.e., capturing overflow from multiple RWHS, which will increase reliability and water demand met in a way that will significantly improve the current performance of communal RWH. The proposed system will potentially maximize the availability of potable water while limiting spillage and overflow. We simulated the performance of the system in two cities, Houston and Jacksonville, for multiple private and communal storage combination. Results show that volumetric reliability gains, of 1.5% - 6% and 1.5% - 4%, can be achieved for seven to ten and six to seven connected households, respectively, for Houston and Jacksonville if the emphasis is on volumetric reliability (VR). As per total storage capacity, the system achieves higher VR gains for lower total storage capacity in Houston while the system achieves higher VR gains for higher total storage capacities in Jacksonville. With regards to the total cost of ownership per household for the individual system and for the communal storage system, the lifecycle cost of the system was performed using the Net Present Value (NPV) method, with an interest rate of 7% over 30 years. The NPV of the total system costs per household in the city of Houston is lowest for nine to ten connected households, as well as comparable to the base case of a rainwater harvesting system that is not connected to a communal tank for seven and eight connected households. This communal system is more resilient and can be a worthy addition to water and stormwater infrastructures, especially in the face of climate change.

This project takes place in the north of Norway, on an Island called Senja. With its beautiful nature and reliable resource of fish it attracts tourists in the summer time and seasonal workers in the fishing industry during the winter.  How can communal housing for tourists and workers act as a hub in the local community? Around this question a cluster of different functions has been developed that serves the whole community as well as the communal housing with private living units.

Characteristic features of today's society include fast way of life, mobility of people, change the way of life and social scenarios. Nowadays, at the time of the information society, life is closely connected to the development of information technologies (for example, people are not attached to workplace in the office anymore and can work from home). Urban and settlement development is influenced, as well, by a high and ever increasing degree of urbanization, globalization, increasing environmental devastation. Demographic and social structure of the population are changing. Society is constantly changing so intensely that housing fases with new requirements that it should be able to meet. The aim of this project is to find urban and architectural possibilities for solution of current housing issues in the context of the former Kohn brick building in the city of Brno. This project is my effort to understand how approach to housing design changes or how it should change, as well as on my tries to understand how to create a high quality desing which will be able to satisfy current housing trends and needs. Brno is the second largest city in the Czech Republic. It has features of post-industrial city with a large number of unused industrial sites. One of such sites is former Kohn's brickyard, which was selected for developing in this master's thesis. The site of the former Kohn's brickyard is located on land belonging partly to the cadastral area of Bohunice, partly to the cadastral area of Štýřice, and this is a very potential area for further development.

Esta dissertação trata a questão dos espaços comuns em alguns empreendimentos de habitação de interesse social em São Paulo. Resgata historicamente as diversas manifestações, nas cidades, de espaços comuns próprios de construções residenciais e de conjuntos habitacionais. Com estudos de caso específicos, recupera quatro experiências dos primeiros programas de construção de moradias por mutirão e autogestão realizados em São Paulo, entre os anos 1989 e 2004, em razão de suas peculiaridades e qualidades que os tornaram bons modelos de projetos de arquitetura habitacional de interesse social. Procura, a partir da análise das condicionantes dos projetos de arquitetura e urbanismo, avaliar como os espaços comuns são geridos, como foram apropriados pelos moradores, e em que medida tal apropriação se relaciona ou não com os usos pensados e propostos (ou não) nos projetos originais.
This dissertation covers the matter of communal areas in some public-funded housing projects in São Paulo. It recalls the historical and varied advent, throughout cities, of such communal areas that are usual to residential and housing project construction. Using studies of specific cases, this research analyzes four experiences from the first public occupant-run housing project construction programs carried out in São Paulo, between 1989 and 2004. They were selected because of the peculiarities and features that made them such good models for public-funded architectural housing projects. The aim is to assess, by analyzing the conditioning factors of the architectural and urbanization projects, how the communal areas were put together, how they were utilized by the occupants, and how such utilization is related, or not, to the possibilities previously planned or proposed in the original projects.

In Conakry, the capital city of Guinea, more than two thirds of the housing stock consists of self-built housing. Self-built housing is the result of uncoordinated choices of households who buy land, decide the kind of houses and on-site facilities to build and implement their projects often without compliance with land use management policies. As a result this type of housing causes considerable environmental problems that affect the city population as a whole. Unless Conakry local authorities, i.e. communes develop capacities to design and carry out technically and financially appropriate strategies to address and improve households individual actions, the city's environmental conditions will continue to deteriorate. On the basis of lessons learned from theories and successful experiences of self-built housing improvement, the present creative project suggests general and specific guidelines, that commune officials can employ to develop the said capacities and generate substantial changes of housing conditions in Conakry.
Department of Urban Planning

В последнее время в экспертном сообществе и в Правительстве Российской Федерации активно обсуждается проблема формирования тарифов в сфере жилищно-коммунального хозяйства в целом, и в водоснабжении и водоотведении, как важных ее составляющих. Высокая степень износа основных фондов, несовершенный механизм инвестирования, отсутствие ясных и прозрачных критериев формирования тарифов делают особенно актуальной данную область исследования. Одним из актуальных вопросов при предоставлении услуг по водоснабжению и водоотведению является установление тарифов. Их регулирование должно быть обеспечено публичностью процесса формирования. Локальной естественной монополией сферу водоснабжения и водоотведения делают большая социальная значимость и капиталоемкость, соответственно тарифы на данные услуги не могут разрабатываться на основании рыночного механизма.
Recently, the expert community and the Government of the Russian Federation have been actively discussing the problem of tariff formation in the housing and utilities sector as a whole, and in water supply and sanitation, as its important components. A high degree of depreciation of fixed assets, an imperfect investment mechanism, and the lack of clear and transparent criteria for forming tariffs make this area of research particularly relevant. One of the most pressing issues in the provision of water supply and sanitation services is the establishment of tariffs. Their regulation should be ensured by the publicity of the formation process. The water supply and sanitation sector is a local natural monopoly with a high social significance and capital intensity.accordingly, tariffs for these services cannot be developed on the basis of a market mechanism.

В процессе исследования была проанализирована нормативная правовая база в сфере стратегического планирования на федеральном и региональном уровнях; были дифференцированы инструменты стратегического развития жилищно-коммунального комплекса; выявлены основные проблемы реализации инструментов стратегического развития в сфере жилищно-коммунального хозяйства; определены пути для преодоления выявленных проблем на примере зарубежного опыта. Результатом работы стала разработка ряда рекомендаций и мероприятий по совершенствованию инструментов стратегии развития жилищно-коммунального хозяйства Свердловской области. Также был разработан проект по развитию жилищного самоуправления, который является инструментом по привлечению граждан в управление жилым фондом. Предложенные рекомендации в дальнейшем могут быть реализованы органами государственной власти Свердловской области.
In the process of analysis of normative legal base in the sphere of strategic planning at Federal and regional levels; were differentiated tools of strategic development of housing and communal complex; the basic problems of the implementation of tools for strategic development in the sphere of housing and communal services; identify ways to overcome the identified problems on the example of foreign experience. The result of the work was the development of a number of recommendations and measures to improve the tools of the strategy for the development of housing and communal services in the Sverdlovsk region. A project for the development of housing self-government was also developed, which is a tool for attracting citizens to manage the housing stock. The proposed recommendations can be implemented by the state authorities of the Sverdlovsk region in the future.

Au-delà du cadre classique de la production du logement, des projets originaux à l’initiative de citoyens ou impliquant fortement des habitants, se développent sur le territoire européen et notamment français. S‘émancipant de l’offre professionnelle privée ou publique, ces maîtrises d’ouvrages d’usagers produisent un habitat original, tant du point de vue architectural et environnemental, que de l’insertion sociale et au territoire qui l’accueille. Ce type de dynamique n’est pas un phénomène nouveau. En Amérique Latine notamment, des mouvements populaires et coopératifs développent ce type de démarche depuis plusieurs décennies. Insuffisamment étudié, ce phénomène mérite d’être analysé plus précisément, en particulier dans le champ de l’architecture et du point de vue des porteurs de ces projets : les habitants. Cette recherche vise à montrer, par une analyse des différentes typologies d’organisations collectives, adoptées par ces maîtrises d’ouvrage non professionnelles d’habitants, les atouts et les résultats de leur production, du point de vue de : la question « spatiale », qui interroge la notion de l’habitat et de son usage ; la question du « métier » du concepteur, qui interroge le mode de production du projet au travers de la relation architecte – maîtrise d’ouvrage (non professionnelle) ; et enfin la question de « l’insertion spatiale et sociale », qui interroge la dimension urbaine de ces projets et citoyenne de leurs promoteurs. Se basant sur les notions de « droit à l’œuvre » et de « droit à la ville » définies par Henri Lefebvre et de « bien commun » définie par Elinor Ostrom, cette thèse propose un apport de connaissances visant à contribuer à la réponse des professionnels et des politiques publiques, à une demande sociale chaque jour plus présente en matière d’initiatives citoyennes dans la production de l’habitat
Further to the production of housing within a traditional Framework are curently developed all over europe and specialy in France. Moving away from public or private standar models, the projects inspired by the end users tend to produce very original habitats, in terms of architecture and environment as well as social and territorial insertion. This kind of dynamic is not a new phenomenom. Particulary in Latin America, popular and cooperative movements have developed this type of approach for decades. Insufficiently studied, this phenomenom merits more precise analysis, particulary in the field of architecture and from the point of view of the managers of such projects : the inhabitants. This research aims to demonstrate, through an analysis of different types of collective organizations adopted by these non-professional inhabitants leadership, the benefits and results of their production, in terms of: the "spacial" question, which looks at the concept of habitat and its use ; the issue of "skill" of the designer, who questions the mode of production of the project through the architect relationship - project management (non-occupational) ; and finally the area of "spatial and social inclusion", which looks at the urban dimension of these projects and their "property developers". Based on the concepts of "right to do" and "right to the city" defined by Henri Lefebvre and "common good" defined by Elinor Ostrom, this thesis provides a contribution of knowledge to contribute to the response of professionals and public policy, to a real social demand present every day in terms of citizen initiatives in the production of housing

Territoire d’industrie et d’immigration, Saint-Denis est un des hauts-lieux de la "banlieue rouge" de Paris. Après 1945, la pénurie de logements que connaît la France y est aggravée par la médiocrité du parc immobilier ancien et par une croissance démographique, qui se traduit par le développement de bidonvilles d’immigrants. La municipalité communiste fait de la construction de logements un axe central de sa politique sociale, constituant ainsi l’un des plus importants offices d’habitation à loyer modéré (HLM) de banlieue parisienne, gestionnaire d’environ 9 000 logements à la fin des années 1970. Les enjeux posés par la gestion d’un tel organisme et les mutations sociales induites s’observent dans les archives locales. Parmi ces questions, celle du logement des immigrants étrangers ou (post)coloniaux prend une importance croissante à partir des années 1960. Encore inférieure à 10 % en 1965, la proportion des ménages d’immigrants logés par l’office municipal s’élève à au moins un quart des locataires dans les années 1980. La reconnaissance de leur appartenance locale, si ce n’est d’une citoyenneté urbaine, est en jeu et paraît fortement dépendante des contraintes économiques, sociales et institutionnelles pesant sur la gestion d’un office HLM en banlieue ouvrière. La logique d’une hospitalité municipale graduelle et conditionnée est d’abord mise en difficulté par la dissymétrie entre offre et demande de logements sociaux. À partir de la fin des années 1960, lors d’importantes opérations d’aménagement urbain, la question est vue sous l’angle du peuplement immigré et de sa répartition dans l’agglomération. Une logique de « seuil de tolérance » aux immigrants à la source de discriminations prend alors forme. Elle est relative dans la mesure où la part des immigrants logés continue de progresser. Néanmoins, l’importante crise budgétaire qui touche l’office HLM de Saint-Denis à partir 1974, combinée à une désindustrialisation avancée, contribue à une crispation durable sur la question ethno-raciale
Territory of industry and immigration, Saint-Denis is one of the symbolic places of the "banlieue rouge" (red suburbs) of Paris. After 1945, the housing shortage happening in France is worsened in Saint-Denis by the mediocrity of the old housing stock and by a population growth which leads to the spreading of immigrants slums. The communist municipality makes housing construction a central axis of its social policy, therefore becoming one of the greatest HLM (social housing) municipal agencies of the parisian suburbs, managing about 9 000 apartments at the end of the 1970s. Managing such an agency and the induced social mutations pose challenges that can be observed in the local archives. Among those, the question of the housing of foreign or (post)colonial immigrants is taking on increasing importance from the 1960s. Still below 10 % in 1965, the proportion of foreign households housed by the municipal agency amounts to at least a quarter of the tenants in the 1980s. The acknowledgment of their local membership, if not even of their urban citizenship, is at stake and appears to be highly dependant on economic, social and institutionnal constraints which weigh on the managment of a HLM agency in a working class suburb. The logic of a gradual and conditionned municipal hospitality is first of all put in a difficult position by the dissymmetry between supply and demand on social housing. From the end of the 1960s, during significant urban planning operations, the question is seen from the perspective of the immigrant settlement and its repartition in the agglomeration. A logic of "tolerance threshold" to the immigrants which is the origin of discriminations then begins to take place. It is relative since the share of housed immigrants is still progressing. Nevertheless, the important budget crisis which is striking the HLM municipal agency of Saint-Denis from 1974, combined with an advanced desindustrialisation, contributes to a sustaining contortion on the ethno-racial question

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Fundação Amazônia Paraense de Amparo à Pesquisa (FAPESPA)
Esta dissertação trata da particularidade da reprodução social mediante a produção do espaço a partir da experiência da Comuna Urbana Dom Hélder Câmara. Produzida por sujeitos diversos, a experiência da Comuna permitiu analisar os processos de trabalho e urbanização com o objetivo de compreender os impasses e as potencialidades da autogestão na produção habitacional entre os anos de 2008 a 2012. Depreende-se da descrição e da análise o processo e o contexto de problematização dos limites da forma urbana da habitação unifamiliar e individual, em um momento em que a produção habitacional aumentou vertiginosamente em decorrência da lógica produtivista do setor imobiliário. Discute-se as diversas formas de habitação na formação da metrópole paulistana: autoconstrução-favelização, produção estatal, produção imobiliária e mutirão autogerido e, em seguida, investiga-se a relação entre os processos de industrialização e urbanização como mote de contextualização histórica de entendimento dos impasses das políticas urbana e habitacional. Em contraposição ao processo de urbanização segregador e individualizador, é analisado o “fazer-se” coletivo da classe pela experiência da Comuna e sua forma de organização política e espacial que resulta num projeto arquitetônico inovador e complexo, que reuniu espaços sociais distintos para além da habitação como expressão da busca do social, da reunião e da simultaneidade do urbano.
This dissertation deals with the particularity of social reproduction through the production of space from the experience of the Commune Urban Dom Helder Camara. Produced by different subjects, the experience of the Commune allowed to analyze work processes and development with the goal of understanding the dilemmas and possibilities of self-management in housing production between the years 2008-2012. It appears from the description and analysis of the process and context of questioning the limits of the urban form of the single-family dwelling and detached, at a time that housing production has increased dramatically due to the productivist logic of the real estate industry. It discusses the various forms of housing in the metropolis training: self-slums, state production, production and self-managed real estate task force and then investigates the relationship between the processes of industrialization and urbanization as a theme of historical context of understanding impasses of urban and housing policies. In contrast to the process of urbanization and individualization segregated, is considered the "make up" class for the collective experience of the Commune and its organizational and political space which results in a complex and innovative architectural design, bringing together different social spaces beyond housing as an expression of social search, the meeting and the simultaneity of the city.

La copropriété des immeubles bâtis revêt une importance particulière, étant donné qu’elle est influencée par plusieurs facteurs. Le facteur socio-culturel de la composition de la société libanaise et celui du problème de déplacés de guerre, occupent une part considérable dans l’étude de la copropriété. On relève des problèmes, issus de la confusion entre le juridique et le réel. L’expansion économique et immobilière, depuis la fin de la guerre, a poussé un grand nombre de libanais à se concentrer dans les grandes villes et leurs banlieues dans l’objectif du travail ou d’éducation. Cette concentration a provoqué une activité dans le domaine des bâtiments. Divers problèmes sont rencontrés dans ce domaine, d’une part à cause de l’absence des réglementations opportunes et d’autre part, suite à des divergences dans la jurisprudence. En prenant en considération tous ces facteurs, nous tenterons de trouver des solutions à des gros problèmes en se référant, quand le cas se présente, aux lois et jurisprudences françaises
The co-ownership of buildings has a particular importance, given the fact that it is influenced by many factors. The socio-cultural factor of the composition of the Lebanese society and that of the problem of the displaced persons (DP) during the Lebanese war, occupy a considerable part in the study of co-ownership. We note several problems that arise from the confusion between law and reality. The economic and real-estate expansion, since the end of the war, caused a large part of the Lebanese population to concentrate in large cities and their suburbs either for education or work. This concentration provoked an activity increase in the construction field. Diverse problems are encountered in this field, due to the absence of appropriate regulations on one hand, or due to divergences in the jurisprudence on the other hand. By taking into consideration all these factors, we attempt to find solutions to major problems, by referring, when the case arises, to the French laws and jurisprudence

Depuis le début des années 2000, la France est devenue un terrain d’expérimentation majeur en matière de statuts intermédiaires d'occupation entre la location et l'accession visant à relever le défi du logement abordable. En particulier, le dispositif des organismes de foncier solidaire (OFS) et du bail réel solidaire (BRS) constitue une alternative pérenne aux formes dominantes de propriété, publique ou privée. S’inscrivant dans le sillage de l’économie institutionnaliste, cette thèse emprunte les outils d'analyse façonnés par Elinor Ostrom pour étudier la naissance de ce nouveau régime de propriété résidentielle. Notre travail de recherche intervention nous a permis d’étudier et d’accompagner la dynamique du changement institutionnel autour de l’introduction de ce dispositif en France. Trois principales expériences ont nourri nos réflexions : I) la participation au groupe de travail du Ministère du logement pour élaborer le cadre national du dispositif OFS-BRS ; II) le conseil aux maîtres d’ouvrage pour répondre à des consultations comme « Réinventer Paris » ; III) l’accompagnement de deux métropoles (Lille et Rennes) et de la Fédération des Coop’Hlm dans la création des tout premiers OFS. Les résultats de nos investigations nous invitent à prendre au sérieux l’hypothèse de l’émergence de sociétés post-propriétaires. Nous proposons ainsi une théorie de la diversité institutionnelle pour favoriser une large dispersion du capital-logement
Since the early 2000s, France has become a prominent testing ground to experiment intermediate housing tenures and to meet the challenge of affordable housing. Community land trust (CLT) represents a sustainable alternative to the dominant forms of property (public or private). Following the approach of institutional economics, this thesis borrows the analytical tools crafted by Elinor Ostrom to study the birth of this new residential property regime. With an action-research approach, we study and support the dynamics of institutional change around the implementation of this model in France. Our theoretical development is empirically grounded on three main personal experiences : I) involvement in the working group of the Ministry of Housing to build the national framework of CLT; II) consulting work with developers for competitions such as "Reinventing Paris" ; III) consulting missions for two municipal governments (Lille and Rennes) and the Fédération des Coop'Hlm engaged in the first experiments of CLTs. The results of our investigations invite serious acknowledgement of this hypothesis: the emergence of post-property societies. Thus, we propose a theory of institutional diversity to encourage a wide dispersion of housing capital

Cette thèse de doctorat repose essentiellement sur notre analyse critique des études et des projets menés par différents consultants (syriens, européens, internationaux) et sur nos enquêtes de terrain à Damas, capitale de la Syrie. En 2004, près de 40 % de la population de l’agglomération de Damas vivaient dans des zones non-réglementaires. Celles-ci représentent donc une composante essentielle de l’expansion urbaine. Premièrement, la thèse analyse le phénomène de l’habitat non-réglementaire à Damas. Elle explique le marché foncier et les caractéristiques des lotissements clandestins dans trois études de cas, deux quartiers: Assad Al Din et Daf Al Chok et un village : Al Bahdalya. Elle montre également comment le maître d’œuvre effectue les étapes de sa construction. Deuxièmement, la thèse traite de la politique urbaine. Elle présente les consultants : MAM, Cities Alliance, Al Diwan, qui ont mené des études et des projets pour les zones étudiées. Elle examine ici leurs études et projets dans une analyse critique approfondie. Troisièmement, la thèse traite de la politique urbaine à l’épreuve des usagers. Elle étudie les caractéristiques socioéconomiques des habitants interviewés des zones étudiées, leur mobilité résidentielle et leurs attitudes à l’égard des projets et des études proposés. Certains des chefs de ménage interviewés pensent qu’ils seront logés, mais beaucoup pensent qu’ils seront expulsés. C'est pourquoi la thèse traite finalement la question du relogement en s’appuyant sur notre enquête de terrain dans une banlieue de relogement Al Hussainyah
This dissertation is mainly based on our critical analysis of studies and projects by different consultants (Syrian, European, international) and on our fieldwork in Damascus, capital of Syria. In 2004, nearly 40 % of the population in the urban district of Damascus lived in informal settlements. Therefore, these settlements represent an essential component of urban expansion. Firstly, the dissertation analyzes the phenomenon of informal habitat in Damascus. It explains the land market and the characteristics of illegal settlements in three case studies, two neighborhoods: Assad Al Din and Daf Al Chok and a village: Al Bahdalya. It also shows how the builder performs the different phases of construction. Secondly, the thesis deals with urban policy. It presents the consultants: MAM, Cities Alliance, Al Diwan, who have undertaken studies and projects for the areas mentioned above. Here, the dissertation examines their studies and projects to provide critical, in depth analysis. Thirdly, the dissertation deals with the urban policy as perceived by the citizens. It studies socioeconomic characteristics of the interviewed inhabitants in the areas studied here, residential mobility and their attitudes towards projects and studies proposed to them. Some of interviewed household’s heads think they will be given a house, but many think they will be evicted. That is why the dissertation finally addresses the issue of relocation which is based on our fieldwork in the re-housing suburb of Al Hussainyah

碩士
國立宜蘭大學
人文及管理學院高階經營管理碩士在職專班
107
This study focuses on the “demand side” of consumers’ Communal Facilities and Dwelling Units of Congregate Housing preferences. Exploring the different consumer's personal background factors to study the consumer demand attributes of the type of “public Communal facilities” and their specific space, community scale, Dwelling Units, parking mode and price preferences. Consumers' preferences for home purchases in the Ilan region's Congregate Housing market were collected through Questionnaire Survey, using Descriptive Statistics, Independent Sample t test, and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). ), Spearman Correlation Analysis (Spearman Correlation Analysis) and other statistical methods for data analysis. The empirical results show that the five variables of gender, age, Career, family monthly income and whether they live in hot spring housing, There are significant differences in the importance of "public shared facilities", " community scale"", " Dwelling Units ", "parking method" and "price". The study found that more than half of the female respondents with "high education level" and "high income" paid more attention to the Recycling Room of "operating facilities" and the convenience store of "commercial and catering facilities". The Dwelling Units preferred 3 bedrooms and 2 halls 2 Bathroom, "parking space preference" tends to have exclusive parking spaces (purchased, fixed parking spaces). At the same time, they also tried to understand the projects that they found to be the least important. They analyzed Clothes Drying Yard with "operating facilities", Squash court for "sports facilities", cinemas for "leisure and entertainment facilities", community public kitchens, and Tea room、Chess room, conference room for "cultural and educational facilities", multimedia room, internet information room, fountain for "landscape, gardening facilities", barbecue area, fish pond, "landscape garden style" European garden, "hot spring public facilities" Public facilities such as Victoria Bath and hot spring bathing pool. More than half of the respondents who are " staff or labor" and "family monthly income" of more than $80,000 pay attention to the "service facilities" security service room, Recycling Room, "leisure, entertainment facilities" Children's playroom, convenience store for "commercial and catering facilities"; Dwelling Units prefers 3 bedrooms, 2 halls and 2 bathrooms, "parking space preference" tends to have exclusive parking spaces (additional purchase, fixed parking spaces), the total price is From the price of 8.01 million to 12 million, buy a collection of houses in the Yilan area. The "marital status" of the respondents was that the number of respondents who had Married with children and had a "family monthly income" of more than $80,000 and more than half of the guards' service rooms, Recycling Room that value "operating facilities" and Dwelling Units prefer 3 bedrooms and 2 halls 2 bathrooms, "parking space preference" tends to have exclusive parking spaces (purchased, fixed parking spaces), willing to pay a total price of 8.01 million to 12 million, to buy a collection of Congregate Housing in the Yilan area.

Collective or communal housing (Cohousing) is housing featuring joint facilities available to all residents, while the residents also maintain autonomous, self sufficient housing units. The communal spaces form a central characteristic of the housing complex and is not just an added amenity. The shared facilities should encourage and accommodate social interaction, group activities and the coordination and cooperation between residents to carry out common tasks. A distinct infill level in buildings is gradually emerging. This level contains all the equipment, non load-bearing partitions and a substantial amount of services. The infill level restores the building as provider of space and shelter and facilitates the specific needs and preferences of the inhabitants more directly. Traditional notions of the family is being challenged, placing increasing demand on homes to be flexible and responsive to changes in family structure. Since the long-range benefits of a stable community is jeopardised if residents have to move when their spatial requirements change, transformable interiors were used to reduce this risk. Flexibility is largely used in the housing units, relying on advanced computed aided manufacture that is able to fabricate components for easy assembly on site. For the purposes of this thesis an under utilised office building in the Pretoria central business district was chosen to illustrate a cohousing complex in an urban environment. Design energy was focused on designing the communal facilities and a sample housing unit, illustrating the support system and investigating the unit's versatility.
Dissertation (BInt)--University of Pretoria, 2004.
Architecture
unrestricted

В диссертации рассматривается внедрение инновационной организационной модели реформирования ЖКХ Свердловской области в формате некоммерческого партнерства, которое в свою очередь объединяет саморегулируемые организации и региональных операторов услуг различных направлений в сфере ЖКХ. Жилищно-коммунального хозяйство (далее ЖКХ) является многоотраслевой сферой, объединяющей жилищный и коммунальный сектора, а также органы местного самоуправления в рамках установленных полномочий, и предполагает их слаженное взаимодействие, результаты которого могут являться для региона фактором развития и роста, или кризисным аспектом. Представленная в рамках магистерской диссертации схема предполагает осуществление слаженного производственного процесса и формирование базы для развития данного сектора, путем сотрудничества всех участников рынка на базе некоммерческого партнерства. Базовым преимуществом является возможность создания правил и стандартов деятельности отдельно по каждому из направлений сферы ЖКХ, а также формирование единой стратегии развития сферы ЖКХ в целом в регионе. Данная схема управления в сфере ЖКХ позволит регулировать процесс деятельности и развития данного сектора путем взаимодействия и сотрудничества всех участников рынка на платформе некоммерческого партнерства.
The subject of the thesis is implementing an innovative organizational model of reforming of housing and communal services in Sverdlovsk Oblast in the form of a nonprofit partnership, which unites self-regulating organizations and regional service operators from different areas of housing and communal services. The housing and communal services sector is a diversified area, incorporating housing and communal sectors, as well as local administration, in the framework of established authority, and presuming their coordinated interaction, contributing either to the region’s possible growth and development, or its crisis. The scheme represented in this master’s thesis implies realization of a coordinated production process and building up a foundation for the sector’s development by means of cooperation among all the market participants within a nonprofit partnership. The main advantage is the opportunity to create separate sets of rules and standards for each area of housing and communal services, as well as a unified strategy for housing and communal services development in the region. This management scheme will enable us to regulate the sector’s functioning and development by means of interaction and collaboration among all the market participants on the basis of a nonprofit partnership.

碩士
逢甲大學
建築與都市計畫所
91
Abstract With the growing economy and the increasing GDP the past decades, furthermore, after weakly 2-day off, citizens’ lifestyles have been changed to ask for more leisured facilities at the community. With this reason, there are getting more and more housing having multi-functioned facilities, especially more are in the mid-high classic housing building, appear dramatically in Taichung city. However, the key to success is whether the planning will meet the publics’ demands? What common space leisured facilities are especially important? What facilities satisfy more? What needs to be improved for the management on the facilities at community? This is the purpose of my research. Besides referring to the researching methods of other related studying reports and individual cases, the best is that I gave not only the questionnaires, and the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, Chi-square test are used for significance test, but also checked the residential environment in person, interviewed with residents. After studying 21 mid-high classic community which have leisured facilities, the static results generated by the items and features came out the following conclusions: The top 5 demands for leisured facilities built in mid-high classic community in Taichung City are Library, Swimming Pool, Cinema, Gyms and social room, in another word, these 5 facilities need to be considered into the planning. One thing needs to aware is that there are more than 50% residents satisfied with the Cinema and the Swimming Pool, which means the Construction companies focus more on these 2 facilities. However, there is still some distance between the desires and satisfactions for Library and Gyms, more residents feel there is still a long road to go. As for the problems in using facilities: Almost every resident has strong complains on the tinny space, then the cleanness and noise. For management: The most they are concerned is that the publics do not respect the regulations. Moreover, to maintain, to repair and to renew the facilities are also the problems to be pointed out. This report, has further explanations as followings to the reasons of causing the above mentioned problems, can offer the Developing Company or the Manager a reference at the stage of planning or managing. It also can be a suggestion for the government to use as the factors of evaluating or selecting the high quality housing and leisured facilities, and build up the related management. Keywords：Housing , Common Space , Leisured Facilities , Usage and Management

This thesis focuses systematically on the phenomenon of collective housing which emerged in the late 1920s in the USSR, western Europe and also in Czechoslovakia. It concentrates mainly on Czechoslovak architectonic scene with a specific variant of ideas about collective housing, adopted largely due to an influential Czech theoretist Karel Teige. In the first chapter, the architectonic millieu of 1920s and 1930s is introduced; in this period, theprogram of "scientific" functionalism which is crucial for the rise of the concept of collective house, was formulated,. The following chapters summarize collective housing efforts in the USSR and Sweden as an influential sources for Czechoslovak architects. The next sections are dedicated to two collective houses built in Czechslovakia after WWII: one in Zlín and another in Litvínov. The whole text is concluded by a brief summary of how the idea of collective houses developed further in 1960s and by an interpretation of the phenomenon through the work of Pierre Bourdieu and David Harvey.

As the world shifts and changes, so do its people, and every day, more refugees are forced out-of-place, out of their homelands, and into a foreign and unfamiliar context. Many of these refugees are women, single mothers, who along with their children, are set to face many challenges in the process of re-settling into a new cultural landscape. This project is a study on how the design of an interior can aid in the difficult process of transitioning between lands and cultures. Within it, I explore the making of place through the design of a transitional residence for women and children refugees, set within the dynamic urban landscape of West Broadway in Winnipeg, Manitoba. I proceed through this project through an exploration of four conceptual frameworks and examine the project and its users in relation to movement and migration, to boundaries, to the contact zone, and finally to weaving.

This thesis studies how architecture and planning influence community living through relationships between public spaces, housing, and circulation that focus on stimulating social activities for the betterment of service industry workers’ way of life. Our built environment can not only connect people to one another or to activities or to places, but it can also isolate people. For the service-based populace of Lake Louise, Alberta, isolation is a recurring factor in various aspects of their lives. The design attempts to establish connections between the people and the community, to eradicate the barriers that fragment the community without neglecting the necessity of refuge for the individual.

The relevance of this dissertation research is connected with insufficient development of theoretical, methodological and practical issues of accounting and control of payments for housing and communal services between the operating companies and their contractors, meanwhile, as this sphere of activity has high economic and social importance. The work examines the complex theoretical and methodological issues of accounting and analysis of payment transactions between management companies and contractors in the sphere of housing and communal services and developed recommendations for their improvement. The peculiarities of normative regulation of financial and economic activities of managing organizations that affect their methods of accounting, including tariff policy, payments to contractors, and improved methods of accounting and analytical support these processes.
Актуальность диссертационного исследования связана с недостаточной разработкой теоретических, методических и практических вопросов учета и контроля расчетов по жилищно-коммунальным услугам между управляющими компаниями и их контрагентами, между тем, как данная сфера деятельности имеет высокую экономическую и социальную значимость. В работе исследован комплекс теоретических и методических вопросов учета и анализа расчетных операций между управляющими компаниями и контрагентами в сфере жилищно-коммунального хозяйства и разработаны рекомендации по их совершенствованию. Выявлены особенности нормативного регулирования финансово-хозяйственной деятельности управляющих организаций, влияющих на методики их бухгалтерского учета, в том числе тарифной политики, расчетов с контрагентами, и совершенствование методов учетно-аналитического обеспечения данных процессов.