Relevant bibliographies by topics / Communal violence

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Communal violence'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Communal violence"

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Ponniah, James. "Communal Violence in India." Journal of Religion and Violence 5, no. 1 (2017): 79–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jrv20175239.

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Tajima, Yuhki. "Explaining Ethnic Violence in Indonesia: Demilitarizing Domestic Security." Journal of East Asian Studies 8, no. 3 (2008): 451–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800006500.

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Recent scholarship on communal violence in Indonesia since the late New Order has focused on identifying causal mechanisms of particular subtypes of communal violence such as large-scale communal violence, town-level communal rioting, intervillage violence, and lynching. While such analyses are useful in understanding aspects specific to each subtype of violence, analyzing each subtype separately risks the analytical problem of selection on the dependent variable if there are important similarities across subtypes. Drawing on the observation that each of these subtypes appeared to rise and fal
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Adigun, Olalekan W. "Communal Violence in Nigeria, 2014–21: Mapping, Modeling, and Trends." African Conflict & Peacebuilding Review 13, no. 2 (2023): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/africonfpeacrevi.13.2.01.

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ABSTRACT: This study dissects the patterns and trends of communal violence in Nigeria with the need to watch out for emerging predictors. Using variables like ethno-religious polarization, lootable resources, and climate vulnerability, the article dissects their impacts on the trends of communal violence in Nigeria. Based on data from the Nigerian Security Tracker, Nigeria Watch, and the Federal Ministry of Environment (2014 to 2021), this study uses cluster analyses of the conflicts using maps and tables to analyze the patterns and new dimensions of conflicts. The study found evidence that et
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Ram, Pradeep. "BETWEEN FAITH, FAMILY, AND FEAR: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY OF HONOUR-RELATED VIOLENCE IN MUSLIM COMMUNITIES IN WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH." International Journal of Advanced Research 13, no. 05 (2025): 337–44. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/21093.

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Background: This article examines honour-related violence within Muslim communities in Western Uttar Pradesh a region shaped by patriarchal kinship structures and recurring communal tensions, especially after the 2013 Muzaffarnagar riots. While honour crimes in India are often theorised within Hindu caste frameworks, their manifestation among Muslims shaped by intersecting gender norms, biradari hierarchies, and communal politics remains under explored. This study addresses that gap by analysing how izzat (honour) functions not only as a familial value but also as a broader mechanism of commun
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Datta, Sreeradha. "Post‐election communal violence in Bangladesh." Strategic Analysis 26, no. 2 (2002): 316–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09700160208450047.

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Cheesman, Nick. "Introduction: Interpreting Communal Violence in Myanmar." Journal of Contemporary Asia 47, no. 3 (2017): 335–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2017.1305121.

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Alavi, Hamza. "Nationhood and communal violence in Pakistan." Journal of Contemporary Asia 21, no. 2 (1991): 152–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00472339180000131.

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Kumar, Radha, and Ashutosh Varshney. "India's House Divided: Understanding Communal Violence." Foreign Affairs 81, no. 4 (2002): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20033250.

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Dr. Dalliandeep Kaur Tiwana. "Communal Violence in India and Legislative framework to Control Riots: A Chronological Study." Legal Research Development an International Refereed e-Journal 7, no. I (2022): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.53724/lrd/v7n1.11.

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Communal violence in India is reality since time immemorial. India being the secular country is home to the different religions and cultures. Mutual tolerance and inter-dependence upon each other irrespective of the religion used to be the essence of the Indian society. With the advent of British rule in India the policy of divide and rule was launched in the nation. People started fighting on the name of the caste and religion. Violence based on religion and caste has become a distinctive feature of Indian democratic setup today. The incident can only be regarded as communal riot if there is
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Chandra, Sudhir. "Of communal consciousness and communal violence: Impressions from post‐riot Surat." South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies 17, sup001 (1994): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00856409408723215.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Communal violence"

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Lee, Richard Brian. "Women writing independence, partition and communal violence, 1947-2000." Thesis, Open University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.576666.

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Women Writing Independence, Partition and Communal Violence explores the important role literature has played in interrogating and supplementing historical accounts of women's experiences of Independence and Partition. It analyses how fiction highlights recurrent absences and inconsistencies in most historical accounts with regard to the significance of 1947 to women. Chapter One, Representing Partition, considers the descriptions of women's lives in the mid-1940s in historical texts, newspaper accounts and autobiographies. It emphasises how the effects of events upon women have often been eli
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Sen, Atreyee. "Women in communal violence: a countervictimology. A case study of Shiv Sena women and communal politics in Maharashtra, India." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407412.

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Lakawa, Septemmy Eucharistia. "Risky hospitality: mission in the aftermath of religious communal violence in Indonesia." Thesis, Boston University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/19495.

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Dissertation (Th. D.)--Boston University, 2011.<br>This dissertation argues that in the aftermath of religious communal violence in Indonesia, Christian mission practice should take the form of hospitality. A fundamental Christian tradition, hospitality has been theologically reclaimed in recent decades and has become central to the contemporary discourse on mission and religious pluralism. This dissertation particularizes the broader discourse by identifying the missiological dimension of local Indonesian hospitality as a vital Christian interreligious practice in the aftermath of relig
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Dhattiwala, Raheel. "Hindu-Muslim violence in Gujarat, 2002 : political logic, spatial configuration, and communal cooperation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669731.

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This thesis uses a mixed methods approach to investigate the different levels of Hindu-Muslim violence in Gujarat (western India) in 2002 when at least a thousand Muslims were killed. An original dataset of killings is compiled to analyse macrospatial variation in the violence across towns and rural areas of Gujarat. Data collected from 21 months of ethnographic fieldwork in Ahmedabad city is used to investigate microspatial variation across three neighbourhoods with varying levels of violence.Macrospatial analysis discusses the link between political authority and its capacity to instigate et
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Kumar, Megha. "Communal riots, sexual violence and Hindu nationalism in post-independence Gujarat (1969-2002)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2b06b4e0-afac-4571-ab46-44968d36b17c.

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In much existing literature the incidence of sexual violence during Hindu-Muslim conflict has been attributed to the militant ideology of Hindu nationalism. This thesis interrogates this view. It first examines the ideological framework laid down by the founding ideologues of the Hindu nationalist movement with respect to sexual violence. I argue that a justification of sexual violence against Muslim women is at the core of their ideology. In order to examine how this ideology has contributed to the actual incidents, this thesis studies the episodes of Hindu-Muslim violence that occurred in 19
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Lee, Joseph Tse-Hei. "Conversion or protection? : collective violence and Christian movements in late nineteenth-century Chaozhou, South China." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325545.

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This doctoral thesis examines the relationship between Protestant Christianity and collective violence in rural China during the turbulent period of the late nineteenth century (1860-1900). It focuses on the creation of some Chinese Baptist and Presbyterian village communities in the prefecture of Chaozhou in Guangdong province. Set in this highly competitive and violent environment, this study singles out intra-lineage and intra-village conflicts as a key to understanding the Protestant expansion into the interior. It argues that Protestant Christianity advanced in some inland areas with a lo
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Shihade, Magid. "The history of an incident and its lessons : communal violence among Arabs in Israel /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10836.

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Jasani, Rubina. "Communal Violence, Displacement and Muslim Identities: Negotiating Survival and Reconstruction in Ahmedabad, Western India." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487928.

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This thesis is an ethnographic study that aims to explore how communal violence and displacement changed the experiences of Muslim survivors of the violence of 2002 in . the state of Gujarat, Western India. The thesis looks at the moral and material reconstruction of life after the violence. The aim is to understand how the worst affected (in this context the migrant Muslims who had moved to the city from various Indian states to work in the textile mills, and who lived in the suburbs and outer suburbs of the city) were positioned in relation to state and civil society organisations (secular N
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Nandrajog, Elaisha. "Hindutva and Anti-Muslim Communal Violence in India Under the Bharatiya Janata Party (1990-2010)." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/219.

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On May 16, 1998, under the directives of the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led coalition, the Indian government detonated three nuclear bombs in the Rajasthan desert, near a site called Pokhran.1 If the name of India’s inter-ballistic missile, Agni, the god of fire in the Vedic tradition, is inscribed in antiquity, its symbolism in 1998 was entirely new, reflecting the rise of a political party that emblematizes a chauvinistic, majoritarian stance.2 To celebrate India’s accomplishment, the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP), a sister organization of the BJP, ordered the construction
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Wilson, Alexander C. "To Intervene or Not to Intervene: How State Capacity Affects State Intervention and Communal Violence." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157510/.

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How does state capacity affect the state's ability to intervene in events of communal violence? Communal violence is conflict that occurs between two non-state groups that share a communal identity. The state controls the monopoly on the use of force, so it should be expected that the state will control these violent events. Research on intervention has shown that a state's military is an important indication of their ability to intervene. The study of other elements of state capacity such as the bureaucracy and political institutions have been largely ignored as factors to explain interventio
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Books on the topic "Communal violence"

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Singh, V. V. Communal violence. Rawat Publications, 1993.

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Srivastva, Anamika. Communal violence and administration. Rawat Publications, 1999.

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Centre for Policy Research (New Delhi, India), ed. Communal violence in India. Uppal Pub. House, 1987.

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1943-, Brown Cynthia G., Karim Farhad, and Human Rights Watch (Organization), eds. Playing the "communal card": Communal violence and human rights. Human Rights Watch, 1995.

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Engineer, Asgharali. Lifting the veil: Communal violence and communal harmony in contemporary India. Sangam, 1995.

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Pillai, V. Kannu. Communal violence: A sociological study of Gujarat. Shipra Publications, 2006.

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SCN, Shalini. Documenting communal violence: Its limitations and potentialities. Indian Social Institute, 1994.

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India) Centre for Study of Society & Secularism (Mumbai. Aurangabad communal violence fact finding report, 2018. Centre for Study of Society and Secularism and Communist Party of India, 2018.

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K, Saint Tarun, ed. Bruised memories: Communal violence and the writer. Seagull Books, 2002.

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Appathurai, S. Communal violence in Gujarat and Christian response. Media House, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Communal violence"

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Mander, Harsh. "Communal Violence in India." In Communalism in Postcolonial India, 2nd ed. Routledge India, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003576297-8.

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Gould, William. "Hindu Militarism and Partition in 1940s United Provinces: Rethinking the Politics of Violence and Scale." In Communal Geographies. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003582601-13.

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Bräuchler, Birgit. "Local Peacebuilding After Communal Violence." In The Palgrave Handbook of Ethnicity. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0242-8_110-1.

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Bräuchler, Birgit. "Local Peacebuilding After Communal Violence." In The Palgrave Handbook of Ethnicity. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2898-5_110.

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Stanislas, Perry, and Ebrima Chongan. "Communal Complexity Conflict and Security in Gambia." In Understanding and Preventing Community Violence. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05075-6_12.

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Mangiarotti, Emanuela. "Communal Conflicts and Women's Everyday Life." In Feminist Peace and the Violence of Communalism. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003436331-7.

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Okpa, John Thompson, Benjamin Okorie Ajah, Obinna J. Eze, and Olisa Anthony Enweonwu. "Communal Conflict and Violence: Causes and Impact." In Handbook of Anger, Aggression, and Violence. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98711-4_184-1.

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Okpa, John Thompson, Benjamin Okorie Ajah, Obinna J. Eze, and Olisa Anthony Enweonwu. "Communal Conflict and Violence: Causes and Impact." In Handbook of Anger, Aggression, and Violence. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31547-3_184.

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Werbner, Pnina. "Factionalism and Violence in British Pakistani Communal Politics." In Economy and Culture in Pakistan. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11401-6_9.

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Mangiarotti, Emanuela. "Communal Violence and the Societal Order in Hyderabad." In Feminist Peace and the Violence of Communalism. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003436331-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Communal violence"

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Seth, Shubhra. "'God Does Not Displace' - Politics of Communal Violence and Displacement in India." In Annual International Conference on Political Science, Sociology and International Relations. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-2403_pssir15.50.

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Y.D, Pradipto,, Murti , K, Kartika , H, Arfiati H, Prastika, A, and Taufiq R. "The Effect of Individualism And Collectivism In Relation To Bystander Efficacy And Communal Orientation Towards Sexual Violence." In Proceedings of the First International Conference on Science, Technology and Multicultural Education, ICOCIT-MUDA, July 25th-26th, 2019, Sorong, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.25-6-2019.2294241.

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Rifat, Mohammad Rashidujjaman, Abdullah Hasan Safir, Sourav Saha, et al. "Data, Annotation, and Meaning-Making: The Politics of Categorization in Annotating a Dataset of Faith-based Communal Violence." In FAccT '24: The 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. ACM, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3630106.3659030.

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Saha, Sourav, Jahedul Alam Junaed, Maryam Saleki, et al. "Vio-Lens: A Novel Dataset of Annotated Social Network Posts Leading to Different Forms of Communal Violence and its Evaluation." In Proceedings of the First Workshop on Bangla Language Processing (BLP-2023). Association for Computational Linguistics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.banglalp-1.9.

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Shibu, Hrithik, Shrestha Datta, Zhalok Rahman, et al. "SUST_Black Box at BLP-2023 Task 1: Detecting Communal Violence in Texts: An Exploration of MLM and Weighted Ensemble Techniques." In Proceedings of the First Workshop on Bangla Language Processing (BLP-2023). Association for Computational Linguistics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.banglalp-1.25.

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Khalsi, Khalil. "Migrants et Odyssée : violence épistémique d’un lieu commun." In Fiducia (I). Crédibilité, confiance, crédit dans les récits de soi. Fabula, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58282/colloques.12310.

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Peureux, Guillaume. "« Jamais un brave chien n’abandonne son os ». Remarques sur L’Oaristys entre 1548 et 1674." In Webinaire AVISA (Historiciser le harcèlement sexuel). MSH Paris-Saclay Éditions, Université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52983/rbsc9221.

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L’examen de la tradition poétique de L’Oaristys jusqu’à l’idylle de Vauquelin de la Fresnaye, dans laquelle apparaît pour la première fois en français la notion de harcèlement dans un contexte de violence sexuelle, montre que la littérature et ses lieux communs contribuent parfois à rendre acceptable et légitime l’inacceptable.
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Martynov, Dmitry. "LIU RENHANG AND HERBERT G. WELLS." In 9th International Conference ISSUES OF FAR EASTERN LITERATURES. St. Petersburg State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062049.30.

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Liu Renhang (1885–1938) was known as a Shanghai publicist and propagandist of Buddhism, vegetarianism and non-violence. Having been educated in Japan, he could not establish relations with Zhang Xun and Yan Xishan. He made a long journey to India and Indochina, talked with Rabindranath Tagore. In the 1920s and 1930s, Liu Renhang published over 30 books, mostly translated from Japanese and English. He published translations of L. N. Tolstoy’s short stories, books on hydrotherapy and yoga, and founded the Institute for the Cultivation of Joy in Shanghai (乐天 修养 馆). The main work of his life was D
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Ben Amor, Syrine. "Pour une lecture croisée des représentations de l'onde dans Bruges-la-Morte de Georges Rodenbach." In XXV Coloquio AFUE. Palabras e imaginarios del agua. Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/xxvcoloquioafue.2016.3068.

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« Et cette eau elle-même, malgré tant de reflets : coins de ciel bleu, tuiles des toits, neige des cygnes voguant, verdure des peupliers du bord, s’unifie en chemins de silence incolores. » Georges Rodenbach L’eau constitue l’une des thématiques axiales de l’œuvre de Georges Rodenbach. Thématique commune à sa production scripturale dans son étendue, l’eau irrigue l’imaginaire poétique de l’écrivain. Pourquoi Bruges-la-Morte ? Bruges-la-Morte est le roman d’un veuf éploré qui a choisi Bruges, ville d’eau et de canaux, non pour y vivre mais pour y mourir, pour y dissoudre sa peine. Et, c’est à B
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Reports on the topic "Communal violence"

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Maiangwa, Benjamin. Peace (Re)building Initiatives: Insights from Southern Kaduna, Nigeria. RESOLVE Network, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2021.22.lpbi.

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Violent conflicts and crime have reached new heights in Nigeria, as cases of kidnapping, armed banditry, and communal unrests continue to tear at the core of the ethnoreligious divides in the country. Southern Kaduna has witnessed a virulent spree of communal unrest in northern Nigeria over the last decade due to its polarized politics and power differentials between the various groups in the area, particularly the Christians and Muslims, who are almost evenly split. In response to their experiences of violence, the people of that region have also shown incredible resilience and grit in transf
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Desmidt, Sophie, Oriol Puig, Adrien Detges, Pia van Ackern, and Fabien Tondel. Climate change and resilience in the Central Sahel. European Centre for Development Policy Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc011.

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This policy paper summarises the main findings from research conducted under CASCADES on the Central Sahel, covering Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger. This research focused on key climate related challenges in the region, notably with regards to livelihoods, food security, human mobility and human security, including communal conflicts and violent extremism. The main conclusion is that climate change is and will be an important factor for the future of the Central Sahel. Both its current and future impacts, however, are intrinsically linked to socio-economic and political factors that must be emph
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Lyammouri, Rida. Central Mali: Armed Community Mobilization in Crisis. RESOLVE Network, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/cbags2021.4.

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The proliferation of community-based armed groups (CBAGs) in Mali’s Mopti and Ségou Regions has contributed to transforming Central Mali into a regional epicenter of conflict since 2016. Due to the lack of adequate presence of the state, certain vulnerable, conflict-affected communities resorted to embracing non-state armed groups as security umbrellas in the context of inter-communal violence. These local conflicts are the result of long-standing issues over increasing pressure on natural resources, climate shocks, competing economic lifestyles, nepotistic and exclusionary resource management
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Lillian Rutandaro, Sherrie, Christine Lundambuyu Munalula, Rogers Otuta, and Manenji Mangundu. Lives at Risk: A study of girls dropping out of school in Juba, Rumbek and Pibor Counties, South Sudan. Oxfam, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.9349.

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This study was undertaken by Oxfam in three South Sudanse counties as part of the SIDA-funded project 'Building Resilience through Gender and Conflict-Sensitive Approaches to Education, Skills Development, and Sustainable Livelihoods'. Its purpose was to shed light on why so many girls drop out of school. The research revealed that women and girls often lack decision-making power over their lives. Early or forced marriage, the abduction of girls, perceptions that education delays marriage – and that educated girls risk not finding husbands – all contribute to dropout rates. Additional challeng
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Milligan, James. Power-Sharing as a Means of Conflict Resolution. IFF, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51363/unifr.diff.2023.40.

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Historical ethnic cleavages transpiring into periods of intense violence and political disarray are features that characterise both Northern Ireland and Cyprus in their recent history. Many similarities about the conflicts in both countries can be observed, yet Northern Ireland has been successful at securing peace and Cyprus has not. This paper aims to explain why this has been the case and if it could be possible for Cyprus to reach an agreement in the future. The approaches used in both countries concerning power-sharing are addressed and a considerable focus is applied to the theory of pow
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Van Ackern, Pia, and Adrien Detges. Climate change, vulnerability and security in the Sahel. Adelphi research gemeinnützige GmbH, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc024.

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Climate change plays an important role in the future of the Sahel. Temperatures, particularly in the northern-central Sahel, could rise 1.5 times faster than the global average. Climate shocks and extreme events such as droughts and heavy rains are projected to become more frequent and severe. These changes are accompanied by other challenges: accelerated population growth, low economic productivity and production diversity, political conflicts and crises, inter-communal violence and violent extremism. However, the severity of climate impacts on livelihoods, food security, mobility and conflic
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Van Metre, Lauren, Jasmine Ramsey, Opeyemi Adeojo, and Karen Bernstein. Youth, Social and Behavioral Change, and Violent Extremism in Niger. The RESOLVE Network, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2024.1.lpbi.

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In 2022, amidst a backdrop of growing violent extremism in the region, NDI launched a pilot preventing/countering violent extremism (P/CVE) program for youth in Abala, a commune in Niger. The program also integrated social and behavioral change (SBC) research and approaches in youth-political party programming from 2022–2023. The primary objective of the pilot was to establish youth as the experts on their lived experience of violent extremism. The pilot did so by bringing rural and village youth together to understand the intersectional risk of violent extremism in their commune and to design
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Hegazi, Farah, and Katongo Seyuba. The Social Side of Climate Change Adaptation: Reducing Conflict Risk. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/seyz9437.

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In developing countries, the effects of climate change interact with factors such as underdevelopment, high dependence on natural resource-based livelihoods, inequality, weak state institutions and marginalization to increase the risk of insecurity and violent conflict. Along with sustainable development and climate change mitigation, climate change adaptation is another key entry point for addressing climate-related security risks. However, key social factors that could positively influence adaptation outcomes and ultimately mitigate climate-related security risks are often overlooked. This S
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Donnelly, Phoebe, and Boglarka Bozsogi. Agitators and Pacifiers: Women in Community-based Armed Groups in Kenya. RESOLVE Network, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/cbags2022.4.

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Abstract:
This research report is a case study of women’s participation in community-based armed groups (CBAGs) in Kenya. It examines: the diversity of women’s motivations to participate in community-based armed groups in Kenya; women’s roles and agency within community-based armed groups, communal conflicts, as well as community security and peacebuilding structures; and gender dynamics in conflict ecosystems, including social perceptions about women’s engagement in conflict. This case study contributes to the literature on women and CBAGs by examining the variations in their engagement across a single
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Chea, Phal, Muytieng Tek, and Sorsesekha Nok. Gender Gap Reversal in Learning and Gender-Responsive Teaching in Cambodia. Cambodia Development Resource Institute, 2023. https://doi.org/10.64202/wp.141.202307.

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Abstract:
In the past two decades, Cambodia has been committed to the global agenda of ensuring that all children from all walks of life have access to education and quality learning opportunities. The focus was not only on access to education but also on gender parity and learning quality. Three years after the adoption of the Dakar Framework for Action in 2003, Cambodia adopted the national plan for Education for All (EFA) as a guiding pathway to realise the government’s commitments toward the education goals reiterated in the Dakar Framework. Cambodia has made subsequent development in education, not
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