Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Commune nouvelle'
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Lenfant, Thibaut. "La commune nouvelle, enjeux et perspectives d'un nouveau régime de fusion des communes." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D079/document.
Full textThe communal fragmentation is at the origin of the communal crisis. The size of the communal perimeters is indeed inadequate to the needs of the citizens and leads to the marginalization of French municipalities. The merger of municipalities is a response to this situation. The latter has not, for the time, substantially reduce the number of municipalities. Created in 2010, the "commune nouvelle" aims to revive the process of fusion. It is therefore a question of defining the impact of this new fusion regime on the municipality. If the "commune nouvelle" first allows the strengthening of municipalities in their means of action, it also endorses a renewal of their institutions. These two dynamics must be assessed in view of the growing importance of intercommunality. It has long appeared as a competitor of the merger of municipalities. However, the law now imposes inter-municipal cooperation to ail municipalities including "communes nouvelles". This obligation does not condemn the latter to marginality. Indeed, the increase of intermunicipal perimeters recorded in 2015, promotes the emergence of a need of proximity that the majority of municipalities are not able to assume given their size. The development of the "commune nouvelle" is therefore useful to the good govemance of the municipal bloc. It can contain the continuous growth of intercommunality and thus mark the great return of the municipality in the French territorial architecture
Trepied, Benoît. "Politique et relations coloniales en Nouvelle-Calédonie : ethnographie historique de la commune de Koné, 1946-1988." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0303.
Full textThis thesis examines how pro-independence Kanak taken the power in the commune of Koné in the 1980's. In this commune located on the North-West coast of the French Territory of New Caledonia, European settlers had always controlled local politics until then. Through ethnographic fielwork and archives research, this study presents forty years of the local political life. From the extension of French citizenship to "natives" in 1946 until the Matignon Agreements signed in 1988 between the French State and pro and anti-independence parties, this thesis describes how the transformations of colonial relationships have made the implementation of a pro-independence Kanak political power at the Municipality Council of Koné possible. Examined "from below", this history of Koné focuses on local stakes, actors and conflits but is also analysed through a broader reflection on major legal and political changes that occured in New Caledonia after Second World War
Di, Fusco-Le Doussal Josy. "La Difficile insertion d'une commune ancienne dans une ville nouvelle Ris-Orangis et la ville nouvelle d'Evry /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376131895.
Full textDi, Fusco-Le Doussal Josy. "La difficile insertion d'une commune ancienne dans une ville nouvelle : Ris-Orangis et la ville nouvelle d'Évry." Paris 12, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA120056.
Full textDumont, Thomas. "L'insertion de la politique agricole commune dans la nouvelle réglementation mondiale des échanges." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010278.
Full textThe Uruguay round negociations have integrated agriculture into the global trade system. What are the consequences of this on the common agricultural policy ? As a prerequisite to disciplining export subsidies, the agricultural agreement strengthens on a global scale the reform policies launched by the community and by the United States as far as internal support is concerned. Export support is based on direct subsidizing or on indirect subsidizing. None of these ways of subsidizing is questionned, and only direct subsidies have been henceforth submitted to reduction commitments, both in terms of quantities and amounts of subsidies. Moreover, the agreement protects subsidies from the onslaughts that have now and again been made against them through panels : subsidies can only entitle to compensatory payments. Import policy is subject to two imperatives : community preference and preferential policy. Community preference is being challenged as liberalisation has lead to the abolition of levies and to a reduction of customs duties. But safeguard measures have been maintened and health protection of geographic labels, on the other, have been strengthened, the one through the SPS agreement, the other trough the trips agreement. Preferential policy, wich is based on adjustments of levies and customs duties, is seriously undermined by a reduction of duties and by cost pricing
Nonnon, Jordan. "«S'il n'y avait plus la coutume, il n'y aurait plus les Kanak» : un rapport complexe entre conservation et développement du territoire (Commune de Yaté, Nouvelle-Calédonie)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29579.
Full textThis master thesis is constructed around the notion of territory and what the latter represents for the Kanak of New-Caledonia. As the Indigenous people of the archipelago, the Kanak are intimately linked to the land they occupy which thus becomes the primary underpinning of the group’s identity and history. The social organization, the rhythm of life as well as the indigenous representations are mostly derived from the manifold relationship they maintained with the territory. In such configuration, one cannot dissociate a human being from his mound. As a result of colonization and the historical evolution of the archipelago, Kanak society has undergone major transformations at the social, cultural, political and religious levels. However, one has to admit that many of the specific features of their tradition and custom have been preserved, valued and even revised in the course of time. Faced with the current developmental context, the Kanak appropriate for themselves the tools of modernity and try to make their voices heard at the local and national levels, while asserting their identity, their culture and their willingness to deal with the actors of development. The thesis analyzes the relationships and interactions between Indigenous and non- Indigenous people around the management of territory and its resources in the commune of Yaté in southern New-Caledonia. It focuses on the practices and expectations of the Kanak people in relation with the issues raised by the presence of the other groups of actors and interests in the region and by the difficulty to conciliate the conservation and the development of the territory.
Azébazé, Labarthe Danielle. "Quelle nouvelle politique européenne de l'énergie ?" Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GREND017.
Full textThe European Union construction has its origins in adoption by six European States of the ECSC Treaty. However, it will be necessary to wait until 2009, when a policy in the field of energy was integrated in the primary law by the treaty of Lisbon. Despite this late consecration, the activism of the Union in the field of energy is evident, even if it is far from being uniformly comprehended within the doctrine. One part of them considers, that the European energy policy still does not exist, while others consider that the European policy exists but that it should not be qualified as a “common policy”. This doctrinal debate, which is inserted as a part of the legal theory of polices in the European Union law, addresses a question on the nature and precise significance of the intervention of the Union in energy field.En fact, the analysis of actions undertaken by the EU in the energy sector since the ECSC Treaty up to the beginning of the nineties, reveals an increasing power of these last, ending up as a first mutation trying to substitute a number of partial actions by a first global vision of energetic policies within the Community. This was taking place without any energy policy introduction the TEC. The Member states were in reality very reluctant to acknowledge that the EU has a competence in this domain. This was due to numerous reasons linked to multiple dimensions: economic, social, environmental, and security issues of an energy policy, as well as their energetic dependence, which was quite varying. This embryo of an energy policy, inserted in particularly strong constraints, finds therefore its legal frame in indirect or subsidiary legal bases and especially in those relating to the establishment of the internal market (Part I). However, energy is far from being an “ordinary economic good” and the submission of this sector to market rules could generate multiple threats, notably for public service missions, environmental requirements or the security of supply. It would therefore have been necessary, on the occasion of introduction in the treaties of an energy policy, to better admit the specificity of this sector and to envisage in this field the establishment of a real common policy. But the primary law inherited from Lisbon Treaty is disappointing: the new article 194 of the TFUE relating to energy, seems to make the choice of status quo and even seems to put back some aspects of this policy. However, the Community dynamism is functioning. And either as a part of the internal market of energy, via common regulation of markets and taking into consideration of its specific characteristics (social, security, environmental), or in the one of external aspect, by reinforcing energy relations with third States, the European energy policy turns progressively into a real common policy (Part II)
AUPILIONIS, STAMATIOE. "Des "principes d'une science nouvelle relative a la nature commune des nations" aux exigences d'une histoire nationale dans la france post-revolutionnaire." Montpellier 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON30034.
Full textIn this work, our attention is focused on the circunstances which allowed the appearance of the historical sciences in the service of democracy and on the difficulthes of thw epistimology and methodology use which au attemet like has braght about. Among the intellectuals who have given solluctions there are a. Comte and j. Michelet, for whonwe consider that they had followed the trought of g. B. Vico, on italien philosophy of the 18th century, on known untilthen in france. Hanever we prove have that it was only michelet who practised thw principle of thw vician thougt, only because in reality comte followed his way, on thw basis of thw french inntellectuel spirituel tradition of evolution of course, it is underlined that the interpretation of vico's work. From michelet, despite its defficiencies, is as worthyas that of croce's. Finally we notice that the presence of the vician trought in france is fondamental, despite the fact that do not know its real dimensions
Beers, Marloes. "Le choc pétrolier, nouvelle impulsion ou ralentissant pour la politique énergétique commune? Les politiques énergétiques de la Communauté européenne autour le premier choc pétrolier." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CERG0885/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to contribute to the history of the European communities and to the understanding of the decision-making process within this cooperation. More specifically, it seeks an answer to the question of what immediate and short-term effects he oil shock had on the development of a common energy policy: Was the oil crisis a lever or a barrier for the development of a common European energy policy? On the one hand, the oil shock may have possibly accelerated the decision-making process because it created an urgency to deal with the current supply problems and to change the European dependency on Middle Eastern oil on the longer term. On the other hand, the oil shock may have slowed down the development of a common energy policy by escalating a confrontation between the diverging perspectives of the Nine, blocking, in this way, a compromise. In this context, questions arise about the reasons why member states were searching for cooperation in the field of energy without searching for a compromise for their diverging interests.This thesis gives insight into different aspects of the decision-making process at the European communities. The European Commission emerges from the research as an active actor in the development towards a common energy policy after the merger of the communities' executives in 1967. The failure to reach consensus in May 1973 shows, however, that the need from national governments for a joint energy cooperation was less significant than the mutual differences of interest. Moreover, it might be concluded that the Nine deemed the OECD a more appropriate body to face the current tensions in the oil market. Two weeks after the Energy Council, they had committed themselves to the consumer cooperation at the OECD, just like the other member countries of this organisation. The idea for such a closer cooperation had been pushed by the United States since 1972. Within the OECD's Oil Committee, the theme of a worldwide apportionment scheme was being discussed as well as the danger of outbidding prices. The most important questions of the time were thus already discussed within this forum which maintained the large advantage of including the United States.After the start of the oil shock, cooperation at supranational level was significantly minimised, although the Commission did certainly not remain apathetic towards the oil problems. The institution swiftly reacted to the oil producer countries' announcements with new proposals for jurisdiction on short-term oil policy and letters insisting on a joint position faced with the oil supply problems. Within the Commission several committees and groups were created, and existing committees met more regularly, and focused on different aspects of the oil shock. The oil shock was not an accelerator for the processing of jurisdiction at common level. Noteworthy is the fact, however, that the Energy Group of the Council surprisingly provided a forum for the discussion of possible common actions to counter the current oil problems. Moreover, the creation of this Energy Committee signified an important change within the European decision-making process. Thirdly, the OECD had a more important role than assumed in other studies in this field, as an actor in the European decision-making process on energy.During the oil shock the European Commission was not attributed a role in the policy making concerning the current oil problems. In a first phase, the Council refused to such a role for the Commission because of the Arab measures on production cuts and a fear to aggravate the situation. But even when this argument no longer applied the proposals for jurisdiction of the Commission were not accepted. By contrast, at that time the Commission was given the assignment of elaborating a mid- and long-term programme for a common energy policy until 1985. In that respect, the oil shock seems to have been a catalyst for a common energy policy
Cirier, Aude. "De l'Empire à la Commune : essor et mutation d'une nouvelle noblesse : étude sur le lignage des comtes d'Elci de la maison Pannocchieschi : (Toscane, XIIe-XIVe siècle)." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT5008.
Full textThe aim and object of this study is to reconstitute the history of a noble family, since the origins to the end of the fourteenth century. The household of earls Pannocchieschi come into sight in the diocese of Volterra, in Tuscany, during the twelfth century. Land and castles property, uses of seigniory, civil and ecclesiastic functions (bishop of Volterra) enable members of the family to compel recognition in Tuscan society, in particular places like Maremma and Sienna. They also become vassals of aristocratic families. Rapidly, the lineage has to resist internal difficulties (lines of descendent separation, property division) and to stand face political changes and instability linked to development of city-republics and fights between Guelph and Ghibelline factions. Since the beginning of the thirteenth century, Earls of Elci spread out a new and powerful lineage, completely emancipated from the household Pannocchieschi. The identity signs (heraldic and onomastic uses) and political strategies strengthen the scission of the noble family. Between the twelth century and the fourteenth century, Pannocchieschi's power is in decay in front of the city-republics projects of domination (Sienna, Massa Marittima) and in front of emancipation of rural communities, still dependants on seigniory power. The only Earls of Elci succeed in holding property, and they assert the authority on political scene, in spite of frequent submissions to communal power of Sienna. Thanks to sociability network, urban way of life, matrimonial alliances and religiosity, nobles of Elci belong to the top of the Sienese, Tuscan and Italian society, at the end of the fourteenth century
Bordes, Claire. "La construction de la défense européenne via l'élargissement à l'est de l'Union Européenne et de l'OTAN : complémentarité ou rivalité au sein de la nouvelle donne géopolitique européenne : thèse pour l'obtention du grade de docteur de l'Université Paris IV." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040264.
Full textThe European Defence’s building questions about the ESDP’s maturity and the complexity of the European Defence’s architecture. Why do we necessary oppose NATO to the EU ? Their relationship has a direct consequence on the European territorial building. In fact, the globalisation is part of this building and brings new risks (terrorism, State failure, Mafia network) to this young new unfinished supranational structure. Indeed, the enlargements of both NATO and the EU are the proof of the progress of the occidental pioneer front and they constantly re-define the centre-periphery relation. Consequentlyn we should wonder what the future of the European security would be, both at the regional and the global stage
Torbicka, Kinga. "Vers une nouvelle Europe ? Les systèmes de sécurité en Europe centrale après la chute du rideau de fer." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030056.
Full textThe fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989 brought a major change in the global balance of power. After 45 years under an imposed communist regime, the countries of Central Europe regain their freedom and sovereignty. The historically, culturally and geographically homogeneous region (at the same time widely diverse in terms of ethnic and religious structure) “returns to Europe”. In this new scheme of international relations, it faces new challenges: political and economic transformation, a revision of its relations with its most important neighbors (the former USSR, unified Germany and the Commonwealth of Independent States), the choice of a security model for the region (neutrality, collective security, the European or the Euro-Atlantic option). The countries of Central Europe decide to develop cooperation within the regional (the Visegrad Group, the Central European Initiative, the Central European Free Trade Agreement) and the sub-regional (Euroregions) dimension, and to join the most important security organizations in the world (NATO, OSCE, UN, EU) in order to ensure and increase security in the region. As a consequence, their security system is currently based on the North Atlantic Treaty and the Common Security and Defense Policy, and supported by networks of regional cooperation as well as enduring and dependable relations with their neighbors. In light of the dynamics of the security process, these countries must now confront new challenges, which include the missile defense shield, terrorism, energy security and the Kaliningrad problem. The “New Europe” as an equal player on the international stage has become the gauge of security on the European continent
Lapalme, Marie-Claude. "Comme des galets sur la grève (nouvelles), suivi de Rêver le "réel" l'espace dans la nouvelle fantastique onirique (essai)." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2810.
Full textBroussard, Elliot. "Commande innovante d’une nouvelle génération d’antenne satellite mobile." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI090.
Full textIn military and civil application, satellite communications (SACTOM) are often needed on moving vehicles (drones, planes, land vehicles, vessels…) in order to transfer all kind of data (pictures, videos, internet …). These types of stations are called SATCOM On The Move (SOTM). In order insure high data rates, the antenna must be directional, which means that they direct electro-magnetic waves in a particular direction of space, called line of sight. The line of sight must be steered in order to be aligned with the satellite to insure a strong communication link with the highest data rate possible. Stabilized platforms, called Antenna Positioning System, aim to steer the antenna’s line of sight in the satellite direction. The pointing requirements are the source of conception constraints that reduce the cost efficiency of the overall station. This PhD report focus on the development and the study of a new pointing strategy called Helios (“Hybrid Estimator of LIne Of Sight”). This algorithm uses least squares to found the antenna pattern in real time, using an observation window. Among others, it allows to reduce the bandwidth of the control loops by generating a trajectory easier to follow. Therefore, it decreases the conception constraints (friction, backlash, field bus data rate …). Helios is tested through experimentation, using Thales industrial prototypes. The vehicle is emulated by a hexapod. Simulation is carried out in order to fit the measured experimental behavior. To do so, parametrical and non-parametrical identification has been done on the SOTM prototype. This way, Helios is validated and studied in operational conditions
Conand, François. "Biologie et écologie des poissons pélagiques du lagon de Nouvelle-Calédonie utilisables comme appât thonier." Brest, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BRES2018.
Full textSauthier, François. "Nouvelle topologie de commande d'une machine brushless DC (BLDC) /." Sion, 2008. http://doc.rero.ch/record/12809?ln=fr.
Full textGallego, Jean-Louis. "Nouvelles approches pour la commande des carrefours." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ESAE0029.
Full textJanvier, Marine. "Les isohexides comme nouvelle plateforme biosourcée pour l’organocatalyse." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10223/document.
Full textIsosorbide is a chiral dianhydrohexitol obtained in enantiomerically pure form by double dehydration of sorbitol, a major product of the starch industry resulting from hydrogenation of glucose. Isosorbide has been increasingly studied these last twenty years, mainly thanks to industrial companies, such as Roquette (France) that implemented the production to 20,000 tons a year. This availability allowed the promotion of isosorbide applications in various fields: polymers (polyethylene isosorbide terephthalate), surfactants, solvents (dimethyl isosorbide) and pharmacy (isosorbide dinitrate). Isosorbide structural properties opened its investigation as a chiral inducer either as a ligand, an auxiliary or a phase transfer catalyst. Other isohexides (isomannide, isoidide) were much less studied. These diastereomeric conformationally rigid structures offer a large diversity of functionalizations to tune their electronic and steric properties. Isohexides are promising candidates for the development of biosourced organocatalysts. Very recently, Friedel-Crafts enantioselective alkylation of indole mediated by thiourea organocatalysts derived from isohexides has been described. In this thesis, the functionalization of isohexides into amino derivatives is reported. A first serie of amino-alcohols, amino-ethers and diamines is reported. A second generation of α-amino amides and 1,2-diamines is then obtained via amidation. These nitrogenfunctionalized derivatives are screened as organocatalysts for the asymmetric synthesis of warfarin (with results up to 20% of yield and 28% of e.e.) and for isatin aldolisation (with results up to 73% of yield and 33% of e.e.)
Prull-Janssen, Mehdi. "Interaction cytokines / glycosaminoglycanes comme cible d'une nouvelle approche thérapeutique." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EVRY0017.
Full textThe non-covalent interactions between cytokines and glycosaminoglycans are involved in many physiological processes such as cell signaling and recognition, but also in pathological processes such as viral or bacterial infections and in certain cancer processes. From a fundamental point of view and for therapeutic applications, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in these interactions. For this purpose, the hyphenation between capillary electrophoresis (CE) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has emerged as a preferred method for the study of non-covalent interactions with the characterization of complexes in terms of stoichiometry and thermodynamic data (dissociation constants Kd). This approach has also benefited from the use of synthetic heparin-like oligosaccharides, which allowed for the first time to identify the sulfated oligosaccharides structural determinants involved in the interaction with target proteins. This study involved two chemokines SDF-1α and MCP-1, for which the structure-binding activity foundations have been established. Finally, we also implemented the first experiments of a "ligand fishing" strategy with the human gamma interferon (IFNγ) to determine the oligosaccharide ligands involved
Arnette, Marie-Lys. "La mort perçue comme une nouvelle naissance dans les grands textes funéraires de l’Égypte ancienne jusqu’à la fin du Nouvel Empire." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040129.
Full textThis work aims at demonstrating that referring to birth and its practical modalities is an essential aspect of Ancient Egypt’s funeral beliefs. From the Pyramid Texts to the royal books of New Kingdom, the great funeral writings of Egypt are full of allusions to post mortem fate viewed as a second birth, the latter copying more or less exactly the biological process of the first. Be he king or ordinary man, the dead is carried in gestation by one or several divine mothers and is born again in the other world ; there, his umbilical cord is cut, he is washed, fed and cared for like a new born child. Numerous mythical elements add to the purely practical, however, thus reinventing the biological model and showing the intermingling of both the worldly and cosmic levels. Thanks to this cyclical process, the dead not only reaches the other world but, also, accesses to eternal life
Nshare, Abdallah. "Définition et conception d'une nouvelle génération de rétines programmables." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112155.
Full textIn this manuscript, we present a new approach of architecture for image processing. The analysis of vision chips, in particular the artificial retinas, shows a bad distribution of the operators of low level images processing. In spite of about twenty year of researches in this domain, this aspect led to circuits of poor resolution integrating operators that have a low flexibility and a very poor programmability. It seemed to us indispensable to find a new compromise between versatility and parallelism. We so proposed a new architecture of artificial retina intended to improve the balance between the computing speed and the flexibilty of vision chips. Our approach consists in moving the set of functions that are generally integrated nearby the sensor, outside of the array of sensors. So, in our approach, the operators are henceforth shared by a set of pixels, and processing is then sequentially performed. This architecture is implemented by an array of sensors associated to a column of processors operating in an malogue-digital mixed mode. For it, we conceived an original mixed processor. It becomes if possible to perform sequences of calculations implementing in situ a wide class of image processing algorithms. To validate this approach, we realized an artificial retina in a 0. 6 [mu]m CMOS technology. This circuit comprises an array of 16x16 pixels associated to a column of 16 processors. This first circuit allowed to validate the architecture and the analogue cells. Processings such as the motion detection or edges detection were programmed. The obtained speed of processing allows to envisage real-time applications for retinas of high resolution (256x256). To widen the practicable field of algorithms, we brought modifications to the basic architecture. These modifications allowed to increase the preciseness of analogue calculations, the speed of processing and to reduce the area of the pixel. We conceived a second circuit which integrates these modifications
Coste, Florence. "Nouvelles approches diagnostiques et thérapeutiques dans l'hypertension pulmonaire : apport de la tomodensitométrie et identification du facteur de croissance des nerfs NGF comme nouvelle cible thérapeutique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0120/document.
Full textPulmonary hypertension (PH) is defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) at or above 25 mmHg at rest. Severe forms of PH (sPH) are characterized by a stronger elevation of mPAP, more marked symptoms and specific pulmonary vascular lesions. Real challenges come from a better diagnosis for these patients and identification of new therapeutic targets to improve their therapeutic care. Our results show by computed tomography that PH associated to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is correlated to airway remodeling and not to emphysema. Severe PH is a rare and serious complication of COPD. We confirmed existence of a phenotype in COPD patients with sPH, by evaluating in vivo modifications of the pulmonary vascular bed in these patients. Moreover, we defined a combined score, which may be a non-invasive tool to select patients for right heart catheterization In parallel, we completed the characterization of a rat model of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (sPAH) that developed a severe phenotype with pulmonary arterial specific and human-like lesions. In this model, as well as in more classical PH models, our results demonstrated an increased expression of the nerve growth factor NGF and its role in PH and sPAH pathophysiology. These results therefore suggest that NGF may be an interesting target to develop new therapeutic perspectives in this disease
Lazrak, Mostapha. "Nouvelle approche de commande optimale en temps final libre et construction d'algorythmes de commande de systèmes articulés." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2278.
Full textAceves, Lopez Alejandro. "Nouvelle approche de la commande non linéaire sous contraintes à partir de la logique floue : le contrôleur logique naturel." Toulouse 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU30139.
Full textQuintuna, Rodriguez Verónica Karina. "Nouvelle commande réseau / IT : Performance des fonctions virtualisées pour une infrastructure programmable." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS099.
Full textIn the framework of Network Function Virtualization (NFV), we address in this work the performance analysis of virtualized network functions (VNFs) in terms of latency, which considers the total amount of time that is required to process VNFs in cloud computing systems. The driving use-case of this study is the virtualization of the radio access network (namely, Cloud-RAN). We notably investigate the relevance of resource pooling and statistical multiplexing when available cores in a data center are shared by all active VNFs. We perform VNF modeling by means of stochastic service systems. Proposed queuing models reveal the behavior of high performance computing architectures based on parallel processing and enable us to dimension the required computing capacity in data centers. As a proof of concept, we implement an OAI-based end-to-end virtualized mobile network, which notably confirms the accuracy of theoretical models. Performance results reveal important gains in terms of latency. This fact enables in particular a higher concentration level of VNFs in data centers, thus achieving CAPEX and OPEX reduction, and moreover, it opens the door to the cloudification of critical network functions
Adnane, Sabine. "Vivant et artificiel : comment innover pour faire face à la recréation de la condition humaine par les nouvelles technologies : comment l'artiste sollicite ce nouvel objet d'art qu'est la vie ?" Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H325.
Full textIf technology compensates for a lack of being, what is man's responsibility within the evolution of his condition? The intertwining of human capabilities with machines transgresses traditional boundaries, and brings to light many ethical questions. Artificial intelligence and biotechnological transformation completely redefine the ontology of life. What role does the artist play in the recreation of the human condition? What is the status of autonomous living beings turned into works of art? Is Art ready to engage in broader social, cultural, and biopolitical issues, not only with the creation of new objects, but also with new subjects such as living matter? We will see how artists are seizing new technologies to question them, in order to explore all the phenomenological and physiological realities to which they give them access. The perfectibility of the body as a technical or microbiological embodiment is envisaged. The body is exposed, at the risk of losing its status as a protected species. For the practical part of this thesis, we will use a device to give voice to living organisms and show their ability to manifest intentionality. We will thus expose the concept of a natural intelligence beyond the limited vision of current objective science. The prospect of the end of human exceptionality in its arrogance and predation is considered
Kalai-Jemai, Rim. "Une nouvelle approche de robustesse : application à quelques problèmes d'optimisation." Paris 9, 2006. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2006PA090039.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to develop a new robustness approach when uncertainty is modelled by a discrete set of scenarios. A common approach to find robust solutions in such a case is to find the ones which minimize the maximal cost or regret. Nevertheless, these criteria are known to be too conservative. Lexicographic a-robustness, presented in this thesis, compensates for this major drawback. In addition, it takes into account the subjective aspect of robustness by introducing two parameters allowing the decision maker to express his/her point of view. On the other hand, we were interested in applying this approach to some classical operations research problems, that is to say the 1-median and the 1-center location problems, as well as the knapsack and the shortest path problems. We showed, among others, that lexicographic a-robustness does not add much more complexity to the min-max (regret) versions of these problems
Leredde, Alexandre. "Etude, Commande et Mise en Oeuvre de Nouvelles Structures Multiniveaux." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00668376.
Full textLeredde, Alexandre. "Etude, commande et mise en œuvre de nouvelles structures multiniveaux." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0094/document.
Full textThis PhD Thesis deals with the study of new multilevel structures. At the beginning of this work, a new methodology to create new multilevel structures has been conceived. To evaluate the performances of these structures, there are many possibilities: number of output voltage levels, number of components, and the quality of the converters’ output waveforms. The list of criteria is not exhaustive. One technique to obtain an output multilevel waveform is to split the DC link in several capacitors. There is a limitation since putting more than two capacitors in serial connection leads to an unbalancing of these voltage capacitors. Several solutions are possible to balance these voltages. The first one uses the control of the structure in a three phase application, using a space vector modulation and minimizing the energy stored in the DC link. The second solution consists in using auxiliary circuits, which realize an energy transfer between one capacitor to another through an inductor. The drawback of this method is the high number of components. This problem can be reduced sharing some components between the three phases of the converter. The third part of this study is related to multicell converters, structures with very interesting good properties. New converter structures mix serial and parallel multicell converters, to obtain a hybrid converter with similar performances to the two basic converters. An experimental prototype was built to validate the results of the PhD. The digital control of this hybrid structure was made with a FPGA where two DSP processors were implemented
Bertoglio, Jean-Luc. "Les nouvelles formules de coopération intercommunale selon la loi du 6 février 1992 relative à l'administration territoriale de la République." Lyon 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO22004.
Full textEach citizen doubts whether France will be able to take the cultural, social and economical challenge of Maastricht Europe. The revival of the politics of territorial planning and the increasing of a defective centralisation have raised again. The questionning about the relevance of the institutional French system. Isn't the crumbling of the French communes a deviated problem which conceals the lack of a real political will to institute the expected basic reforms? In this context, the renewal of a qualitative communal exchange with its own fiscal policy wished by the title III of the 92-125 law of February 6th 1992 might trigger off structured dynamics. It also proceeds with an objective for better financial egality based on project solidarity. The accent is put on diagnostics thanks to the creation of departemental commission intercommunal who must make out an intercommunal cooperation diagram. Parishes and boroughs communauties are created with working rules comparable to districts and urban communauties. Financial helps are instituted. Professional tax is going to become intercommunal for an industrial zone or communauty zone. But does this so complex text bring some possibilities adapted for such ambitions ?
Fonte, Christophe. "Une nouvelle régulation pour les processus industriels : la commande adaptative à multiples modèles de référence." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10102.
Full textDalla, Pria Yan. "Comment naissent les districts technologiques ? /." Montreuil : Aux lieux d'être, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41291542c.
Full textBoa, Emmanuel. "La gestion optimale du financement bancaire des communes francaises : mutation et nouvelles perspectives." Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE0034.
Full textThe goal for this thesis is for one to study the change in the manner of financial banking management within the french municipalities, on the other hand to highlight the prospective evolution of this management. The first section is consacrated to the analysis of municipal practices in the matter of managing banking debts. The first chapter deals with the changes in methods of external financement. The second and third chapters outline the effects of the evolution in the socio-economic environnement according to the legal framework of municipal management and according to the relationship between the municipality and its banking system. The second part concerns the new prospects financial banking of municipal management. The fourth chapter develops the new financial techniques for an overall management of financial risk within the municipality. Chapter five attempts to establish a tie between the idea of the ultimate financial structure and that of financial banking management. Chapter six attemps to redefine municipal management
Bergeron, Carlos. "Le titre comme unité rhétorique de la narration /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1993. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textJuegouo, Josiane. "Nouvelle méthode de génération des trajectoires pour la commande de bras de robots." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1994. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5263/1/000607723.pdf.
Full textEstival, Pierre. "Concept Innovant d‘Actionneur Electromécanique pour la Commande de Vol d'Hélicoptère de Nouvelle Génération." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS137.
Full textThe thesis aim is the pre-design of a direct drive electromechanical actuator for Fly-By-Wire flight control of rotorcraft.The pre-design of this actuator answer to a Airbus Helicopters patent and all component must be compliant with the safety criteria of embedded system for critical function. Over a first phase, a method of electromechanical actuator’s pre-design and particularly of electrical machine is described with an analytical model. This model is linked with an optimization algorithm in order to minimize the actuator’s mass with the whole performances. A full scale prototype has been built.Over a second phase, architecture and methods for designing control are described in order to obtain the specification performances in term of precision, speed and stability. To improve the design process and the dynamic prediction of the control, multiphysics models have been developed and used.At last, the prototype is integrated on a test bench. This one allow to validate the electrical machines pre-design and more generally, to characterize the built electrical motors. A series of failure case’s tests takes place in order to analyze and measure all the actuator effect of the failure case
Mauléon, Fabrice. "La communication extra financière comme nouvelle forme de l'éthique de l'entreprise." Toulon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUL0016.
Full textCompanies have just recently integrated the concept of sustainable development and it is conveyed in terms of social responsibility in their activity. They communicate extra financial data, since they are under more and more legal and regulatory pressure, on the one hand and more frequent "moral" pressure from their direct or indirect partners (stakeholders), on the other. Company directors are therefore forced to implement optimal corporate governance taking into account the interests of all stakeholders- They also provide information about the form of governance they implement. Companies feel obliged to display a responsible attitude and they communicate in the name of corporate ethics via different extra financial documents. All these instruments together form a corporate ethics statement. They take on various forms: reports, charters, codes, memberships to responsible business combinations, etc This "answer to pressure" may be interpreted as a company's attempt to auto regulate its commitment to social responsibility. By putting forward a certain number of "standards", companies provide solutions to the pressure exerted on them, However, by producing such documents, they act as a substitute to a certain extent for the legislator and they demand a status more in keeping with the responsibilities required of them. The corporate ethics statement is therefore a form of social regulation along the same lines as the minimum legal framework
Javalet, Charlotte. "Rôle des exosomes comme nouvelle voie de communication entre les neurones." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAV028/document.
Full textExosomes are vesicles of endocytic origin released by cells into their environment following fusion of multivesicular endosomes with the plasma membrane. Exosomes represent a novel mechanism of cell communication allowing direct transfer of proteins, lipids and RNA. The goal of my PhD thesis was to study that exosomes represent a novel way of interneuronal communication. Our team has previously reported that neurons release exosomes in a way tightly regulated by synaptic activity. We observed that exosomes released by neurons are only endocytosed by neurons. We found that exosomes contain only small RNA and did a deep sequencing of all their microRNA. MicroRNA are selectively exported into exosomes. It seems that exosomal microRNA can modify the physiology of receiving neurons. Our results strengthen the hypothesis of the role of exosomes in the interneuronal communication by the way of microARN transfert
Pichot, Hélène. "Elaboration d'un programme de promotion de la santé orale en Nouvelle-Calédonie." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF1DD02.
Full textThe World Health Organization and the World Dental Federation are calling for decades governments to unite actions to prevent oral diseases and chronic diseases. Curriculum development of health promotion programs should be based on prior identification of needs. The objective of this work is to gather the information needed to set up a program to promote oral health in New Caledonia. Initially, dental status and the social, environmental and behavioral determinants that are related to oral health were assessed in a representative sample of children aged 6, 9 and 12 years schooled in New Caledonia. Secondly, common determinants for oral and metabolic diseases were investigated in pre-teens, to verify the relevance of targeted preventive approach by common risk factors. In addition, as part of this investigation, the assessment of oral health related quality of life was necessary. For this, the questionnaire Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) was validated in a suitable French version for New Caledonia as part of this work. Finally, taking into account the results of these evaluations and recommendations for health promotion, this work proposes an oral health promotion program to be integrated with existing programs in New Caledonia
Baby, Wilfried. "Les effets patrimoniaux du pacte civil de solidarité : l'invention d'une nouvelle forme de conjugalité." Toulouse 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU10017.
Full textLapoumeroulie, Claudine. "Polymorphisme des beta thalassemies en algerie : caracterisation structurale et fonctionnelle d'une mutation nouvelle." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05S005.
Full textErard, Audrey. "Nouvelles approches dans la synthèse d'analogues de la céphalotaxine." Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIMP205.
Full textLuissint, Anny-Claude. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle de JAM-L (Junctional Adhesion Molecule - Like), une nouvelle molécule d'adhérence leucocytaire." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05T040.
Full textLeukocyte migration from blood to tissues plays a central role in inflammatory and immune responses. This migration occurs in a multistep process that involves interactions between circulating leukocytes and the vascular wall. We show that JAM-L, a novel protein related to members of the JAM family, mediates leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells by interacting with CAR (coxsackie and adenovirus receptor) and its function is regulated in cis by VLA-4 integrin activation. On resting monocytes and T lymphocytes, which, unlike neutrophils, express the integrin VLA-4, JAM-L constitutively associates with VLA-4. This interaction prevents the cis dimerization of JAM-L, which is required for the functional recognition of CAR. Integrin activation is necessary to dissociate JAM-L — VLA-4 complexes and to promote the formation of JAM-L dimers. We provide a new mechanism through which VLA-4 and JAM-L functions are coordinately regulated to promote adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells
Mouawia, Hussein. "Validation clinique d'une nouvelle approche "ISET" du diagnostic prénatal non invasif d'Amyotrophie spinale." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05T006.
Full textA promising non-invasive strategy for prenatal diagnosis of SMA has been proposed using ISET (Isolation by Size of Epithelial Trophoblastic cells). A prospective blinded clinical validation study of the ISET method for SMA was set up in the Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital in Paris according to statistical recommendations. It targeted 160 genetic diagnoses of SMA through the study of 160 fetal cells obtained from the blood (20 ml) of 16 mothers at risk of having an affected child. The results show the successful validation of the ISET method for prenatal diagnosis of SMA and should have implications for the implementation of a safe prenatal diagnosis of this genetic disease in clinical practice
Khelassi, Ahmed. "Nouvelle méthodologie de synthèse de lois de commande tolérante aux fautes garantissant la fiabilité des systèmes." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00618655.
Full textMouni, Emile Bowendnéré. "Contribution à l'amélioration des performances des génératrices synchrones : nouvelle structure d'excitation basée sur une machine à aimants et combinée à des lois de commande avancées." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Mouni-Emile-Bowendnere/2008-Mouni-Emile-Bowendnere-These.pdf.
Full textThe works presented in this dissertation are focussed on the study and the performances improvement of the synchronous generator. Then, a new excitation structure is proposed to directly feed the SG’s main armature. This exciter is based on a permanent magnet generator and thyristors bridge. In order to take real advantage of the new excitation structure, two modern and efficient control laws have been used: the predictive control and H∞ control. Both provide similar and very satisfactory results in simulation. Thanks to the real time implementation using the Dspace 1104, the effectiveness and the high performances of the new excitation approach have been proved. At the same time, an already used industrial excitation structure has been involved in the comparative study in order to quantify and qualify the real advantage of the new approach. Then, as regards voltage overshoots and drops, the time response and the output signal total harmonic distortion, the new excitation approach combined with modern control law gives better satisfaction than classical one
Dumoulin, Laurence. "L'expertise comme nouvelle raison politique ? : discours, usages et effets de l'expertise judiciaire." Grenoble 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE21012.
Full textMouttou, Salim. "Nouvelles approches de commande d'un filtre actif parallèle à source de courant /." Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2002. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2246369R.html.
Full textMouttou, Salim. "Nouvelles approches de commande d'un filtre actif parallèle à source de courant." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2002. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4071/1/000102238.pdf.
Full textJoons, Caroline. "Comment le fantastique apparaît-il dans les nouvelles de Guy de Maupassant ?" Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Franska, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-25471.
Full textThis essay is a study of different novels of Guy de Maupassant with a focus on the elements of the fantasy genre. We are going to study the novels of this author that are named Sur L’Eau, La Peur, Magnétisme, Apparition, Lui, La Main, L’Auberge et Le Horla. We will try to describe how the fan-tasy appears in the studied novels. To do this, it will be necessary to define the fantasy as a literary genre before seeing how the fantasy operates where it appears in the studied novels. We will also make short comparisons of the novels with each other’s in order to compare the different elements of the fantasy. Our analysis will focus on various elements. We shall point out in particular how the fantasy appears from a material point of view, from a psychological point of view and from a linguis-tic point of view. On the other hand, we will analyse two essential elements in the fantasy genre, which are the theme of the double as well as that of fear.