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Moore, Mary. "Digital networking, using new communication technologies to facilitate networking among NGOs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0005/MQ42085.pdf.
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Chisalita, Ioan. "Communication and Networking Techniques for Traffic Safety Systems." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköpings universitet, 2006. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2006/tek1018s.pdf.
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Garlapati, Shravan Kumar Reddy. "Enabling Communication and Networking Technologies for Smart Grid." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56629.
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Transforming the aging electric grid to a smart grid is an active area of research in industry and the government. One of the main objectives of the smart grid is to improve the efficiency of power generation, transmission and distribution and also to improve the stability and the reliability of the grid. In order to achieve this, various processes involved in power generation, transmission, and distribution should be armed with advanced sensor technologies, computing, communication and networking capabilities to an unprecedented level. These high speed data transfer and computational abilities aid power system engineers to obtain wide area measurements, achieve better control of power system operations and improve the reliability of power supply and the efficiency of different power grid operations.
In the process of making the grid smarter, problems existing in traditional grid applications can be identified and solutions have to be developed to fix the identified issues. In this dissertation, two problems that aid power system engineers to meet the above mentioned smart grid's objective are researched. One problem is related to the distribution-side smart grid and the other one is a part of the transmission-side smart grid. Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is one of the important distribution-side smart grid applications. AMI is a technology where smart meters are installed at customer site which gives the utilities the ability to monitor and collect information related to the amount of electricity, water, and gas consumed by the user.
Many recent research studies suggested the use of 3G cellular CDMA2000 for AMI network as it provides an advanced and cost effective solution for smart grid communications. Taking into account both technical and non-technical factors such as extended lifetime, security, availability and control of the solution, Alliander, an electric utility in Netherlands deployed a private 3G CDMA2000 network for smart metering. Although 3G CDMA2000 satisfies the requirements of smart grid applications, an analysis on the use of the current state of the art 3G CDMA2000 for smart grid applications indicates that its usage results in high percentage of control overhead, high latency and high power consumption for data transfer. As a part of this dissertation, we proposed FLEX-MAC - a new Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol that reduces the latency and overhead in smart meter data collection when compared to 3G CDMA2000 MAC.
As mentioned above the second problem studied in this dissertation is related to the transmission-side grid. Power grid transmission and sub-transmission lines are generally protected by distance relays. After a thorough analysis of U.S. historical blackouts, North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) has concluded that the hidden failure induced tripping of distance relays is responsible for 70% of the U.S. blackouts. As a part of this dissertation, agent based distance relaying protection scheme is proposed to improve the robustness of distance relays to hidden failures and thus reduce the probability of blackouts.
This dissertation has two major contributions. First, a hierarchically distributed non-intrusive Agent Aided Distance Relaying Protection Scheme (AADRPS) is proposed to improve the robustness of distance relays to hidden failures. The problem of adapting the proposed AADRPS to a larger power system network consisting of thousands of buses is modeled as an integer linear programming multiple facility location optimization problem. Distance relaying protection scheme is a real time system and has stringent timing requirements. Therefore, in order to verify if the proposed AADRPS meets the timing requirements or not and also to check for deadlocks, verification models based on UPPAAL real time model checker are provided in this dissertation. So, the entire framework consisting of AADRPS that aids in increasing the robustness of distance relays and reducing the possibility of blackouts, the multiple facility location optimization models and the UPPAAL real time model checker verification models form one of the major contributions of this dissertation.
The second contribution is related to the MAC layer of AMI networks. In this dissertation, FLEX-MAC - a novel and flexible MAC protocol is proposed to reduce the overhead and latency in smart meter data collection. The novelty of the FLEX-MAC lies in its ability to change the mode of operation based on the type of the data being collected in a smart meter network. FLEX-MAC employs Frame and Channel Reserved (FCR) MAC or Frame Reserved and Random Channel (FRRC) MAC for scheduled data collection. Power outage data in an AMI network is considered as a random data . In a densely populated area, during an outage, a large number of smart meters attempt to report the outage, which significantly increases the Random Access CHannel (RACH) load. In order to reduce the RACH traffic during an outage, this dissertation proposes a Time Hierarchical Scheme (THS). Also, in order to minimize the total time to collect the power outage data, a Backward Recursive Dynamic Programming (BRDP) approach is proposed to adapt the transmission rate of smart meters reporting an outage. Both the Optimal Transmission Rate Adaption and Time Hierarchical Scheme form the basis of OTRA-THS MAC which is employed by FLEX-MAC for random data collection. Additionally, in this work, Markov chain models are presented for evaluating the performance of FCR and FRRC MACs in terms of average throughput and delay. Also, another Markov model is presented to find the mean time to absorption or mean time to collect power outage data of OTRA-TH MAC during an outage.Ph. D.
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Sweeney, Matthew. "Interpersonal communication on Myspace: A social networking study." Thesis, Sweeney, Matthew (2007) Interpersonal communication on Myspace: A social networking study. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2007. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/53031/.
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As Web 2.0 emerges, Internet users realise a new degree of self-publication through blogs, wikis and social networking sites. The inherent sociality of social networking sites (SNS) has led to exponential growth of internet use, especially amongst teens. The rapid increase in use of these sites poses questions of why do people use these sites? Who are they communicating with? Why are they communicating with the each other? Interpersonal interactions on SNS are a departure from traditional computer-mediated communication (CMC) interactions due to the public articulation of friends and communication with these friends. As social networking sites are at the forefront of many-to-many mass communication technologies, it is important to understand the interpersonal communication that takes place through these media and what influences these communication behaviours. Myspace, the most popular SNS has not yet been encountered in Uses and Gratifications (U&G) research or communication research. The proposed research aims to bridge this gap, adding to existing research in interpersonal communication, identity and friendship performance theory and extending U&G theory to a new environment, SNS. Answers to the research questions can lead to a clear understanding of social networking sites as a new communication tool and its application in the lives of its users and the wider society.
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Tate, William R. "Full-duplex underwater networking." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03sep%5FTate.pdf.
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Eljarn, Hatana Hannan. "Computer mediated communication, social networking sites & maintaining relationships." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/computer-mediated-communication-social-networking-sites-and-maintaining-relationships(14a3c8f9-a6a7-4acd-833f-42b4c9b9bc7d).html.
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The past decade has witnessed a proliferation of internet use for socialising with dedicated websites such as Facebook, and also for maintaining relationships using computer mediated communication. Individuals can extend the boundary associated with traditional forms of communication, and use technology to meet strangers online to share interests, or maintain existing relationships remotely. One of the most significant functions of computer-mediated communication (CMC) is its contribution to the evolution of social communication. CMC is “communication that takes place between human beings via the instrumentality of computers” (Thurlow, Lengel, & Tomic, 2004). As a consequence of the convenience and flexibility that this channel provides, CMC can be effectively used to orchestrate a variety of communication situations. Furthermore, social networks sites are becoming the choice in which individuals are maintaining relationships or meeting new people. The potential distinctions between these relationships and their offline counterparts remain contradictory. Online relationships may face different challenges, such as anonymity, restricted interaction (Walther, 1992), and the lack of physical presence. For example, sharing activities online such as playing games or visiting Web sites together differs from offline activities, such as going to the movies or dining together. These observations question whether CMC relationships have any parallels with real world relationships. Dunbar (1992) structured real world relationship by strength of ties and formulated the social brain hypothesis (SBH). This work uses the SBH as an interpretive lens in analyzing CMC relationship ties. Thus, a major focus of this work is to investigate implications of the SBH (Dunbar, 1992) within the context of CMC usage. It is recognised that CMC allows for the maintenance of a large number of friendships. Thus potentially, the use of CMC could alter the SBH ratios. Within the main findings consistency with SBH was found. Furthermore, CMC has many parallels with real world communication methods. Face-to-face communications were strongly preferred for maintenance of strong ties. Also phone usage was analysed and identified as an indicator of strong tie relationships, for both local and distant communications. The findings also address questions on displaced communities communication habits and their use of CMC. The phone was found to be most popular media and culture had a strong influence on communication content. The research used a mixed method approach, combining data collection via questionnaires, semi structured interviews and a diary study completed by participants. Based on the findings, a framework is proposed categorising groups on their level of real world socialising and CMC use. There are four essential contributions impacting on current theory. The findings offer new knowledge within the research of CMC and relationship maintenance theory. In our understanding these exploratory questions have not yet been addressed and therefore the findings of this research project are significant in their contributions.
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Peterson, Dwight M. "Communication System Applications for Shipboard Data Collection and Networking." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611426.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThe assessment of weapons and combat system performance requires the collection and networking of data from shipboard and land based locations. New programs being introduced and tested, such as the Cooperative Engagement Capability, Theater Ballistic Missile Defense, and All Service Combat Identification Evaluation Team, generate gigabytes of data which must be reduced, transferred, and analyzed. Test conductors, headquarters personnel, and military commanders require analysis results in near real time to evaluate system performance during a test or exercise. This paper will discuss communication system applications for shipboard data collection and networking to collect, reduce, and transfer the large amounts of data generated during current and planned Navy and Joint exercises. Examples of using 56 Kbit/Second International Maritime Satellite, range based line-of-sight networking, and integrated workstation applications will be addressed and lessons learned shared from actual installation and use.
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Cloete, Ewoudt. "An exploration of the strategic implementation of marketing communication within social networking communication context." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9004.
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Taking into consideration the dramatic changes ushered in by the exponential growth of social networking, marketers are left without a dependable framework on how to implement social networking strategically and in alignment with other modern as well as traditional marketing disciplines.
In light of this, the study aims to explore the strategic implementation of social networking within the context of a dependable marketing theoretical model, known as the marketing communications mix.
During the study’s literary exploration, social networking’s capacity as a viable professional marketing tool was discussed. Thereafter, the study’s main theoretical underpinning, marketing communications was discussed and analysed.
During the empirical phase of the research, a process of grounded theory was firstly followed in order to compile a list of typical social networking communications actions that are performed on social networking platforms. The list of typical social networking communication actions were then compared with the five disciplines of the marketing communications mix and consequently paired, based on their inherent similarities in regards to characteristics.
In an attempt to illustrate the practical use of the paring of social networking actions and the disciplines of the marketing communications mix, the empirical study conclusively followed a process of action research in order to analyse an organisation’s social networking strategy. It was established that the model could possibly increase the strategic alignment of an organisation’s social networking initiatives but that it should only be used as a guiding and adaptable framework as to not hamper the creative capacity of social networking marketing.
It was suggested that a follow-up study explore the ways in which social networking can complement and support other modern as well as traditional marketing initiatives as way to strengthen the case for an integrated approach to professional, strategic marketing.Thesis (MA (History of Art))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Aydeger, Abdullah. "Software Defined Networking for Smart Grid Communications." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2580.
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Emerging Software Defined Networking (SDN) technology has provided excellent flexibility to large-scale networks in terms of control, management, security, and maintenance. On the other hand, recent years witnessed a tremendous growth of the critical infrastructure networks, namely the Smart-Grid, in terms of its underlying communication infrastructure. Such large local networks requires significant effort in terms of network management and security. We explore the potential utilization of the SDN technology over the Smart Grid communication architecture. Specifically, we introduce three novel SDN deployment scenarios in local networks of Smart Grid. Moreover, we also investigate the pertinent security aspects with each deployment scenario along with possible solutions. On the other hand, we conducted experiments by using actual Smart Grid communication data to assess the recovery performance of the proposed SDN-based system. The results show that SDN is a viable technology for the Smart Grid communications with almost negligible delays in switching to backup wireless links.
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Hahm, Oliver. "Enabling Energy Efficient Smart Object Networking at Internet-Scale : Experimental Tools, Software Platform, and Information-Centric Networking Protocols." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLX090/document.
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L'Internet des Objets a pour but d'intégrer des milliards d'objets connectés dans l'Internet.Du point de vue matériel, ces objets connectés sont de petits ordinateurs très bon marché, basés sur des micro-contrôleurs et des puces radio efficaces en énergie apparus récemment, couplés avec des capteurs et actionneur divers, le tout alimenté par une batterie de très petite taille.Ces objets connectés sont donc typiquement très contraints en ressources telles que CPU, mémoire et énergie.De plus, les liens radio à travers lesquels communiquent les objets connectés ont une capacité très limitée, sont souvent sujet à des taux de perte importants, et peuvent requérir du routage spontané entre objets connectés pour fournir la connectivité nécessaire.Ces caractéristiques posent des défis, d'une part en termes de logiciel embarqué s'exécutant sur les objets connectés, et d'autre part en termes de protocols réseaux utilisés par les objets connectés pour communiquer.En conséquence, de nouvelles méthodes et outils expérimentaux sont nécessaires pour étudier in vivo les réseaux formés d'objets connectés, de nouvelles plateformes logicielles sont nécessaires pour exploiter efficacement les objets connectés, et des protocoles de communication innovants sont nécessaire pour interconnecter ces objets.La présente thèse relève en partie ces défis, en introduisant des nouveaux outils facilitant l'utilisation de grands réseaux test interconnectant de nombreux objets connectés, un nouveau système d'exploitation (RIOT) utilisable sur une très grande variété d'objets connectés, ainsi que plusieurs nouveaux mécanismes utilisant le paradigme des réseaux centrés contenus pour améliorer significativement l'efficacité énergétique des protocoles de communication standards de l'Internet des ObjetsThe Internet of Things aims to seamlessly integrate billions of so-called Smart Objects into traditional Internet infrastructures.From the hardware perspective, Smart Objects emerged when tiny, cheap computers became available, combining energy efficient micro-controllers, low-power radio transceivers, and sensors as well as actuators interacting with the physical world, often powered by batteries.Typically, Smart Objects are thus heavily constrained in terms of CPU, memory and energy resources.Furthermore, wireless links used for communication among Smart Objects or towards the Internet are often slow, subject to high packet loss, and may require spontaneous store-and-forward among peer Smart Objects to ensure connectivity.Such characteristics pose challenges, on one hand in terms of software running on Smart Objects, and on the other hand in terms of network protocols Smart Objects use to communicate.In consequence, novel evaluation methods and experimental tools are needed to study Smart Object networks in vivo, new software platforms are needed to efficiently operate Smart Objects, and innovative networking paradigms and protocols are required to interconnect Smart Objects.This thesis addresses these challenges by introducing new tools for large scale testbed-driven experimental research, a novel operating system (RIOT) applicable to a wide variety of connected Smart Objects, and several new mechanisms leveraging information-centric networking which significantly improve energy-efficiency compared to state-of-the-art network protocols in the Internet of Things
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Yiu, Candy. "High Speed Wireless Networking for 60GHz." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/373.
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This thesis examines the problem of providing high data-rate wireless connectivity to users in indoor environments. The goal is to be able to reach Gbps/user rates even when there are multiple users present. The technology that we study is to use the 60 GHz spectrum whose special propagation properties make it ideally suited to this task. The approaches developed include using multiple spatially distributed smart antennas in a room or multiple co-located antennas to provide coverage where needed and when needed. All the antennas are connected to a single access point which allows us to dynamically change spectrum and link allocation among the users (as they move or as their needs change). The innovations in this work include the exploitation of the special properties of 60 GHz and the corresponding design of algorithms for efficient spectrum allocation. We use detailed simulations to demonstrate that very high data rates are indeed achievable.
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Tyson, Jason. "Connecting through Facebook the influence of social networking on communication /." Winston-Salem, NC : Wake Forest University, 2009. http://dspace.zsr.wfu.edu/jspui/handle/10339/42606.
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Matsukevich, Dzmitry. "Quantum networking with atomic ensembles." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07072006-173336/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.Kennedy, Brian, Committee Member ; Chapman, Michael, Committee Member ; Kuzmich, Alex, Committee Chair ; Raman, Chandra, Committee Member ; Voss, Paul, Committee Member.
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Lee, Kok Thong. "Performance analysis of Mobile Ad Hoc Networking routing protocols /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Dec%5FLee%5Kok.pdf.
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Bernard, Jon Ashley. "Communications Resource Allocation: Feasibility Assessment for Tactial Networking Applications." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31649.
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The research reported here offers a solution to the communications resource allocation problem. Unlike earlier approaches to this problem, we employ a time-sliced event model where messages are sent and received in a single time slice called an epoch. In addition, we also consider networks that contain relay nodes capable of only transferring messages. Consequently, network topologies can be considered where a given node is not directly connected to every other node and must use one or more relay nodes in order to get a message to some destination. The resulting architectures broaden the networks to be considered and enable the capability of constructing more realistic communication scenarios.
In this paper we modify the standard MCNF model by turning our focus to feasibility instead of optimality in an effort to provide adequate and accurate decision support to communication network planners. Given a network configuration and message requirements, our goal is to determine if the proposed scenario is feasible in terms of the communication resources available.
To meet this goal, three algorithms are presented that each solve the extended MCNF problem with varying degrees of accuracy and run-time requirements.
Experimental results show that a large number of multi-variable interactions among input parameters play a key role in determining feasibility and predicting expected execution time. Several heuristics are presented that reduce run-time dramatically, in some cases by a factor of 37.
Each algorithm is tested on a range of inputs and compared to the others. Preliminary results gathered indicate that the second algorithm of the three (APEA) offers the best balance of accuracy vs. execution time.
In summary, the solutions presented here solve the resource allocation problem for message delivery in a way that enables evaluation of real world communication scenarios.Master of Science
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Andersson, Karl. "On access network selection models in heterogeneous networking environments." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Datavetenskap, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26187.
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This thesis proposes and evaluates architectures and algorithms for access network selection in heterogeneous networking environments. The ultimate goal is to select the best access network at any time taking a number of constraints into account including user requirements and network characteristics. The proposed architecture enables global roaming between access networks within an operator's domain, as well as across operators without any changes in the data and control plane of the access networks being required. Also, the proposed architecture includes an algorithm for measuring performance of access networks that can be used on a number of access technologies being wired or wireless. The proposed access network selection algorithm also has an end-to-end perspective giving a network performance indication of user traffic being communicated. The contributions of this thesis include an implementation of a simulation model in OPNET Modeler, a proposal of a metric at the network layer for heterogeneous access networks, an implementation of a real-world prototype, a study of multimedia applications on perceived quality of service, an access network selection algorithm for highly mobile users and vehicular networks, and an extension of the mentioned access network selection algorithm to support cross-layer decision making taking application layer and datalink layer metrics into account.Godkänd; 2008; 20080910 (ysko)
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Hernandez, Edwin A. "Adaptive networking protocol for rapid mobile environments." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE1001150.
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Pate, Janine. "A Qualitative Investigation of Adolescent Females' Use of Social Networking Websites." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2403.
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The aim of the present study was to explore the ways adolescent females, age 14 through 17, utilized social networking websites such as MySpace and Facebook for communication, self-presentation and identity development purposes. Uses and gratifications theory served as a framework for identifying the participants' motivations for heavily using these websites, which allow users to post pictures, interests and updates for their friends to view and interact with online. Using a qualitative method, one preliminary focus group and ten in-depth interviews were conducted, totaling fifteen female participants between the ages of 14 and 17. Interview questions covered topics such as peer interactions through social networking sites, posting personal content to their profile pages, self-presentations through pictures and text, creating and maintaining friendships through these sites, and negative and positive feedback received through comments. Results indicated that the participants frequently used social networking websites for five main gratifications: Information Sharing, Convenient Communication, Self-Expression, Friendship Formation and Social Support.M.S.
Nicholson School of Communication
Sciences
Communication MA
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Sadat, Mohammad Nazmus. "QoE-Aware Video Communication in Emerging Network Architectures." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin162766498933367.
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Yagli, Mehmet. "The Feasibility, Reliable Communication And Networking Aspects Of Passive Wireless Sensor Networks." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607729/index.pdf.
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The primary challenge in wireless sensor network (WSN) deployment is the limited network lifetime due to the finite-capacity batteries. In accordance with this challenge, the vast majority of research efforts thus far have focused on the development of energy-efficient communication and computing mechanisms for WSNs. In this thesis, a fundamentally different approach and hence completely new WSN paradigm, i.e., the Passive Wireless Sensor Network (PWSN), is introduced. The objective of PWSN is to eliminate the limitation on the system lifetime of the WSNs. In PWSN, power is externally supplied to the sensor network node via an external RF source. Hence, the lifetime of the system is no longer determined by the lifetime of the batteries. An alternative communication scheme, modulated backscattering, is also discussed to be utilized in PWSN. The feasibility of the proposed system is investigated along with the open research challenges for reliable communication and networking in PWSN. Additionally, a new medium access schemee for PWSN, Ultra-Wideband PWSN Medium Access Control (UWB PWSN MAC), is presented.
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Belkacem, Kheira. "Introducing social networking tools into members of the European Parliament's communication patterns." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5005/.
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This PhD research adopts an interdisciplinary approach to answer the following research question: to what extent could Members of the European Parliament incorporate social networking tools (SNT) as part of their communication resources in engaging with other actors when carrying out their work as legislators? The methodological framework chosen to conduct this study is exploratory and combines two qualitative methods: elite interviews and observation. Interviews with MEPs and their staff aimed to explore MEPs’ understanding of SNT use, their motivations and their perceived benefits of using SNT when carrying out their work as legislators. Interviews with officials of the EP and members of the European civil society were purposely designed as validating interviews. In total, 29 interviews were conducted in 2011-2012. Observation of MEPs’ communication patterns during parliamentary weeks has allowed me to assess, on the one hand their communication patterns from an organisational perspective and on the other hand the potential for introducing new communicative tools into MEPs’ communicative practices. Observation was conducted with two MEPs and their staff during two weeks each. The theoretical framework of this study relies strongly upon communication network theories and organisational studies that explore the adoption of SNT in the workplace. Based on a grounded theory approach, this exploratory study suggests an emergent model of use of SNT for MEPs in carrying out their legislative work, based on MEPs’ motivations and perceived benefits of using these tools. Findings suggest that there are four domains in which MEPs could use SNT in their legislative functions: to democratise lobbying practices in the EP, to raise their awareness of public opinion, to reshape their relationship with journalists and finally to coordinate their actions as representatives with the European civil society’s. Thus, this study explores the adoption of SNT by elected members of the European Parliament by focusing on their understanding of their use of SNT when carrying out their role as legislators.
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Thong, Lee Kok. "Performance analysis of mobile ad hoc networking routing protocols." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1225.
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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimitedThis thesis presents a simulation and performance evaluation analysis of the various routing protocols that have been proposed for the Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) environment using the Network Simulator-2 (NS-2) tool. Many routing protocols have been proposed by the academic communities for possible practical implementation of a MANET in military, governmental and commercial environments. Four (4) such routing protocols were chosen for analysis and evaluation: Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing (AODV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector routing (DSDV) and Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR). NS-2 is developed and maintained by the University of Southern California's Information Sciences Institute (ISI). Leveraging on NS-2's simulation capabilities, the key performance indicators of the routing protocols were analyzed such as data network throughput, routing overhead generation, data delivery delay as well as energy efficiency or optimization. The last metric is explored, especially due to its relevance to the mobile environment. Energy is a scare commodity in a mobile ad hoc environment. Any routing software that attempts to minimize energy usage will prolong the livelihood of the devices used in the battlefield. Three important mobility models are considered, namely, Random Waypoint, Manhattan Grid, and Reference Point Group Mobility. The application of these three models will enhance the realism of simulation to actual real life mobility in an urban or military setup scenario. The performance of the routing protocols in varied node density, mobility speed as well as loading conditions have been studied. The results of the simulation will provide invaluable insights to the performance of the selected routing protocols. This can serve as a deciding factor for the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) in their selection of the most suitable routing protocols tailored to their specific needs.
Civilian, Defence Science Technology Agency, Singapore
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Schwartz, Jason L. "Achieving last-mile broadband access with passive optical networking technology." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FSchwartz.pdf.
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Hachfi, Fakhreddine Mohamed. "Future of asynchronous transfer mode networking." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2639.
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The growth of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) was considered to be the ideal carrier of the high bandwidth applications like video on demand and multimedia e-learning. ATM emerged commercially in the beginning of the 1990's. It was designed to provide a different quality of service at a speed up 100 Gbps for both real time and non real time application. The turn of the 90's saw a variety of technologies being developed. This project analyzes these technologies, compares them to the Asynchronous Transfer Mode and assesses the future of ATM.
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Sturgeon, Thomas. "Exploratory learning for wireless networking." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1702.
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This dissertation highlights the importance of computer networking education and the challenges in engaging and educating students. An exploratory learning approach is discussed with reference to other learning models and taxonomies. It is felt that an exploratory learning approach to wireless networks improves student engagement and perceived educational value. In order to support exploratory learning and improve the effectiveness of computer networking education the WiFi Virtual Laboratory (WiFiVL) has been developed. This framework enables students to access a powerful network simulator without the barrier of learning a specialised systems programming language. The WiFiVL has been designed to provide “anytime anywhere” access to a self-paced or guided exploratory learning environment. The initial framework was designed to enable users to access a network simulator using an HTML form embedded in a web page. Users could construct a scenario wherein multiple wireless nodes were situated. Traffic links between the nodes were also specified using the form interface. The scenario is then translated into a portable format, a URL, and simulated using the WiFiVL framework detailed in this dissertation. The resulting simulation is played back to the user on a web page, via a Flash animation. This initial approach was extended to exploit the greater potential for interaction afforded by a Rich Internet Application (RIA), referred to as WiFiVL II. The dissertation also details the expansion of WiFiVL into the realm of 3-dimensional, immersive, virtual worlds. It is shown how these virtual worlds can be exploited to create an engaging and educational virtual laboratory for wireless networks. Throughout each development the supporting framework has been re-used and has proved capable of supporting multiple interfaces and views. Each of the implementations described in this dissertation has been evaluated with learners in undergraduate and postgraduate degrees at the University of St Andrews. The results validate the efficacy of a virtual laboratory approach for supporting exploratory learning for wireless networks.
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Begum, Sahena. "Reliable broadband satellite-integrated network design through propagation and networking solutions." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2009. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/reliable-broadband-satelliteintegrated-network-design-through-propagation-and-networking-solutions(aa71347b-031f-437d-9da0-6e8432e19630).html.
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Satellites will play an indispensable role in the deployment of commercial networks to meet an increasing demand for supporting multimedia services at high data rates. Next generation satellite systems, operating at high frequency bands offer large bandwidth and are able to provide broadband services. To interface satellite links with existing terrestrial networks for providing communication access to a variety of users directly, several performance issues need to be addressed. Current thesis presents a technically viable satellite-integrated network model that is efficient in carrying broadband services to users over a wide scattered area. Accurate prediction of attenuation level is necessary for a reliable network model to operate with required service availability. Long term rainfall data has been analysed to characterise attenuation level at a selected region such as Dhaka. It is shown that rainfall is highly seasonal and attenuation level is quite high during monsoon. However, the seasonal behaviour of rainfall can be exploited to improve the link availability. Radar and rain gauge measurements at Sparsholt are also used to find rain cell size distribution, which is an important factor in site diversity implementation to combat severe rain fade. It is found that convective rain cell has extension in the region of 10 km. The network model is designed with dimensioning the effective bandwidth to support a number of users over the satellite link by taking into account the multimedia traffic characteristics. Concatenated coding, a robust coding scheme is implemented to improve the link quality at a level required to deliver broadband services. The ITU-T performance objectives of 7.5×10 for CLR and 1.4×10 for CER over satellite links are met at a required Eb/No of 2.95 dB and 2.88 dB respectively. Different enhancement mechanisms for optimum TCP performance are implemented to combat the large propagation delay associated with a satellite link. It is revealed through the simulation that TCP performance over a satellite link is as efficient as terrestrial links with these enhancement mechanisms Finally, the overall performance of the designed network is evaluated through link budget analysis and simulation. An innovative downlink power control strategy has been implemented to maintain the link during the rainiest months. The interference level due to high power satellite transmission in the designed system is also calculated to protect other existing communication links sharing the same frequency bands. A feasible broadband network designed with characterising propagation as well as networking issues will efficiently deliver broadband communication services to a large population promptly and in a cost-effective manner. Such a network solution will be in the realm of current R & D towards broadband satellite networks.
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Bergström, Albert. "Automatic generation of network configuration in simulated time sensitive networking (TSN) applications." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48564.
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The amount of data required to be processed in real-time embedded system is steadily increasing. This has caused industries to search for alternatives for reliable time-sensitive network communication. IEEE set of standards for Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is an attractive option for achieving this. It leverages the advantages of IEEE standards for Ethernet, such as high bandwidth and low hardware cost, while introducing deterministic behaviour. Simulation tools are used to facilitate verification and analysis of TSN networks. However, even simulation-assisted design of large complex networks is a challenging process. To alleviate this issue, this thesis investigates how TSN simulation can be improved by automatic generation of network configurations. So far, many different simulation frameworks have been developed in academia. This thesis builds on the OMNeT++ simulation framework and NeSTiNg simulation model. We prototype an automatic TSN configuration tool capable of generating configuration automatically through a graphical user interface (GUI). The purpose of the prototype is to demonstrate the feasibility of automatic configuration in TSN and how it eases design complexity. Furthermore, to verify the proposed tool a use case inspired by the vehicle industry is modelled. It is concluded that automatic configuration improves usability in five key areas, such as: (1) facilitating recollection of the network, (2) enabling automatic configuration, (3) increasing user-friendliness of a TSN simulation platform with a GUI, (4) increasing efficiency and usability of a TSN simulation platform, and (5) minimizing user error. The results gained in this thesis justify the usability of automation and could provide insights for future research and development of TSN simulation tools.
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Francová, Tereza. "Networking a podmínky jeho úspěšné realizace." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76784.
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The thesis focuses on the networking topic. The networking is defined and compared to other terms that are often used as a synonym, e.g. social capital. Three contexts are researched. The first study aims networking online, its specifics, advantages and possible risks. The second part studies selected correlations of networking activities of University of economics alumni. The third study searches out the networking activities and standards of Czech managers in the field of finance. The results are connected with the possible usage in both fields, the one of university education and management too.
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Shihab, Shahad. "Traversing Privacy Issues on Social Networking Sites Among Kuwaiti Females." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7087.
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This qualitative descriptive study explores privacy issues on social networking sites among young Kuwaiti females and their behavior when protecting their information. In this study, two of the most prominent social networking sites in Kuwait were selected to investigate Kuwaiti females’ privacy concerns. These platforms are Instagram and Twitter. The research was guided by two questions: What information do Kuwaiti females disclose on Instagram and Twitter? How do Instagram and Twitter differ in managing privacy?
Participants of this research are 15 young Kuwait females studying at Kuwait university in different educational fields. The data collection method used was semi-structured, face-to-face interviews. This method helped gaining a deeper understanding of their privacy views and SNS use. The findings revealed many issues voiced by young Kuwaiti females, such as the type of information shared on both platforms, their privacy concerns, cultural beliefs, and other influences that shaped their Instagram and Twitter use.
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Vasilica, Cristina Mihaela. "Impact of using social media to increase patient information provision, networking and communication." Thesis, University of Salford, 2015. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/38035/.
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Background: Social media are powerful communication systems that enable sharing, networking and information generation on an unprecedented scale. However, there is limited evidence as to how social media mechanisms are adopted by patients within health to engage with others, locate and generate information, or as a source of support. The primary aim of the study was to adopt social media to enable patients to engage in the process of producing and sharing health information and examine the impact of engagement on a patients’ self-efficacy. Research approach: A realist synthesis progressed in two phases (Oct 2011–March 2015) to determine the influential mechanisms (M) of the study, the context (C) in which they work and the outcome (O), known as CMO configurations. Phase 1: development of Greater Manchester Kidney Information Network (GMKIN), staff and patient training (Oct 2011–Sept 2013), moderation and site refinement (Sept 2013-Oct 2014). Phase 2: six steps of realist synthesis to identify, test, and extend a set of theories/ propositions (Oct 2011–March 2015); mixed methods realist evaluation, observation of on-line activity, self- efficacy scales, blogs and interviews (0/6 months) with 14 patients (Nov 2013–Sept 2014). Findings: The study strengthened evidence that engagement plays a crucial role in a healthcare social media intervention, building on an existing engagement model and knowledge. Three levels of engagement were identified: influencing roles, the conversationalists and general browsing. Engagement, an overarching mechanism, was a continuous process; influenced by attention, novelty, sociability, information and interactivity factors. Disengagement was characterised by inattention, triggered by environmental factors and decoupling, resulting from overwhelming information, health issues and negativity. Notifications often persuaded patients’ to re-engage. CMOs were identified and explored, outlining the role of each mechanism (Social Network Sites, Facebook, Twitter, blogging and forums) in triggering outcomes. Patients’ engagement contributed to information generation, which satisfied information needs. Satisfaction of information needs thorough social engagement influenced self-efficacy (in 13 of 14 people) and better management of illness. Social outcomes included seeking employment and getting involved in other things. Conclusion: This study refined and extended propositions based on a real life intervention. It combined Social Media mechanisms and engagement concepts in the context of health and tested what worked for whom, when and how. Using an innovative approach it generated new knowledge in understanding social media impact, health engagement practices and communities of practice.
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Teratani, Mehrdad. "3D Image Processing and Communication in Camera Sensor Networks: Free Viewpoint Television Networking." Doctoral thesis, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/319673.
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Ansary, B. M. Saif. "High Performance Inter-kernel Communication and Networking in a Replicated-kernel Operating System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78338.
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Modern computer hardware platforms are moving towards high core-count and heterogeneous Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) processors to achieve improved performance as single core performance has reached its performance limit. These trends put the current monolithic SMP operating system (OS) under scrutiny in terms of scalability and portability. Proper pairing of computing workloads with computing resources has become increasingly arduous with traditional software architecture.
One of the most promising emerging operating system architectures is the Multi-kernel. Multi-kernels not only address scalability issues, but also inherently support heterogeneity. Furthermore, provide an easy way to properly map computing workloads to the correct type of processing resources in presence of heterogeneity. Multi-kernels do so by partitioning the resources and running independent kernel instances and co-operating amongst themselves to present a unified view of the system to the application. Popcorn is one the most prominent multi-kernels today, which is unique in the sense that it runs multiple Linux instances on different cores or group of cores, and provides a unified view of the system i.e., Single System Image (SSI).
This thesis presents four contributions. First, it introduces a filesystem for Popcorn, which is a
vital part to provide a SSI. Popcorn supports thread/process migration that requires migration of file descriptors which is not provided by traditional filesystems as well as popular distributed file systems, this work proposes a scalable messaging based file descriptor migration and consistency protocol for Popcorn.
Second, multi-kernel OSs rely heavily on a fast low latency messaging layer to be scalable. Messaging is even more important in heterogeneous systems where different types of cores are on different islands with no shared memory. Thus, another contribution proposes a fast-low latency messaging layer to enable communication among heterogeneous processor islands for Heterogeneous Popcorn.
With advances in networking technology, newest Ethernet technologies are able to support up to 40 Gbps bandwidth, but due to scalability issues in monolithic kernels, the number of connections served per second does not scale with this increase in speed.Therefore, the third and fourth contributions try to address this problem with Snap Bean, a virtual network device and Angel, an opportunistic load balancer for Popcorn's network system.
With the messaging layer Popcorn gets over 30% performance benefit over OpenCL and Intel
Offloading technique (LEO). And with NetPopcorn we achieve over 7 to 8 times better performance over vanilla Linux and 2 to 5 times over state-of-the-art Affinity Accept .Master of Science
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Burleigh, Scott. "TELEMETRY IN BUNDLES: DELAY-TOLERANT NETWORKING FOR DELAY-CHALLENGED APPLICATIONS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606730.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaDelay-tolerant networking (DTN) is a system for constructing automated data networks in which end-to-end communication is reliable despite low data rates, possible sustained interruptions in connectivity, and potentially high signal propagation latency. As such it promises to provide an inexpensive and robust medium for returning telemetry from research vehicles in environments that provide meager support for communications: deep space, the surface of Mars, the poles or the sub- Arctic steppes of Earth, and others. This paper presents an overview of DTN concepts, including “bundles” and the Bundling overlay protocol. One possible scenario for the application of DTN to a telemetry return problem is described, and there is a brief discussion of the current state of DTN technology development.
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Norton, Aaron Michael. "Internet boundaries for social networking: impact of trust and satisfaction." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13163.
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Master of ScienceFamily Studies and Human Services
Joyce Baptist
The present study examined whether married individuals hold boundaries for online social networking and the relationship between these boundaries and relational trust and satisfaction. Participants included 205 married individuals who had been married for an average of 27 years. Five specific boundaries were identified and tested using group comparison (by sex) structural equation modeling. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed two latent constructs for internet boundaries: Openness (3 items: Know Friends, Share Passwords and Account Access) and Fidelity (2 items: No Flirting and No Former Partners). Findings suggest that couples in long-term committed relationships have boundaries or rules for social networking. Furthermore, trusting one’s partner, but not relationship satisfaction, contributes to behaviors that reflect sharing online social networking information, and curb online flirting and relationships with former romantic partners. Trust was more strongly associated with men’s than women’s motivation to avoid flirtatious online interaction and communicating with former romantic partners online. These findings that indicate that the use of internet boundaries is highly related to marital trust support the development theory of trust.
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Polumuru, Pushpa. "Networking of UAVs Using 802.11s." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505276/.
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The thesis simulates the problem of network connectivity that occurs due to the dynamic nature of a network during flight. Nine nodes are provided with initial positions and are flown based on the path provided by leader-follower control algorithm using the server-client model. The application layer provides a point to point connection between the server and client and by using socket programming in the transport layer, a server and clients are established. Each node performs a neighbor discovery to discover its neighbors in the data link layer and physical layer performs the CSMA/CA using RTS/CTS. Finally, multi hop routing is achieved in network layer. Each client connects with server at dedicated interval to share each other location and then moves to next location. This process is continued over a period of several iterations until the relative distance is achieved. The constraints and limitations of the technology are network connectivity is lack of flexibility for random location of nodes, links established with a distant node having single neighbor is unstable. Performance of a system decreases with increase in number of nodes.
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Brun-Laguna, Keoma. "Deterministic Networking for the Industrial IoT." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS157.
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L’Internet des Objets (IoT) a évolué d’un toaster connecté en 1990 vers des réseaux de centaines de petit appareils utilisés dans des applications industrielle. Ces « Objects » sont habituellement de petit appareils électroniques capable de mesurer une valeur physique (température, humidité, etc.) et/ou d’agir sur le monde physique (pump, valve, etc.). De part leur faible coût et leur facilité de déploiement, ces réseaux sans fil alimentés par batteries ont étés rapidement adoptés. La promesse des communications sans fil est d’offrir une connectivité similaire au réseau filaires. De nombreuses amélioration ont étés fait dans ce sens, mais plein de défis restent à surmonter car les applications industrielles ont de fortes exigences opérationnelles. Cette section de l’IoT s’appelle l’Internet Industriel des Objets. La principale exigence est la fiabilité. Chaque bout d’information transmit dans le réseau ne doit pas être perdu. Des solutions commerciales sont aujourd’hui accessibles et propose des fiabilités de l’ordre de 99.999 %. C’est à dire, pour chaque centaine de paquet d’information généré, moins d’un est perdu. Vient ensuite la latence et l’efficience énergétique. Comme ces appareils sont alimentés par des batteries, ils doivent consommer le moins possible et être capable d’opérer pendant des années. La prochaine étape pour l’IoT est d’être appliqué au applications nécessitant des garanties de latence. Les technologies de l’IIoT sont maintenant adoptés par de nombreuses entreprises autour du monde et sont maintenant des technologies éprouvées. Néanmoins des défis restent à accomplir et certaines limites de ces technologies ne sont pas encore connues. Dans ce travail, nous nous adressons au réseaux sans fils fondés sur TSCH dont nous testons les limites de latence et de durée de vie dans des conditions réelles. Nous avons collecté plus de 3M statistiques réseaux et 32M données de capteurs dans 11 déploiements sur un total de 170,037 heures machines dans des environnements réels ainsi que dans des bancs d’essais. Nous avons réuni ce que nous pensons être le plus grand jeu de données de réseau TSCH disponible à la communauté réseau. En s’appuyant sur ces données et sur notre expérience des réseaux sans fils en milieu réel, nous avons étudié les limites des réseaux TSCH et avons fourni des méthodes et outils qui permettent d’estimer des performances de ces réseaux dans diverses conditions. Nous pensons avoir assemblé les bons outils pour que les architectes de protocoles réseaux construise des réseaux déterministes pour l’IIoTThe Internet of Things (IoT) evolved from a connected toaster in 1990 to networks of hundreds of tiny devices used in industrial applications. Those “Things” usually are tiny electronic devices able to measure a physical value (temperature, humidity, etc.) and/or to actuate on the physical world (pump, valve, etc). Due to their cost and ease of deployment, battery-powered wireless IoT networks are rapidly being adopted. The promise of wireless communication is to offer wire-like connectivity. Major improvements have been made in that sense, but many challenges remain as industrial application have strong operational requirements. This section of the IoT application is called Industrial IoT (IIoT). The main IIoT requirement is reliability. Every bit of information that is transmitted in the network must not be lost. Current off-the-shelf solutions offer over 99.999% reliability. That is, for every 100k packets of information generated, less than one is lost. Then come latency and energy-efficiency requirements. As devices are battery-powered, they need to consume as little as possible to be able to operate during years. The next step for the IoT is to target time-critical applications. Industrial IoT technologies are now adopted by companies over the world, and are now a proven solution. Yet, challenges remain and some of the limits of the technologies are still not fully understood. In this work we address TSCH-based Wireless Sensor Networks and study their latency and lifetime limits under real-world conditions. We gathered 3M network statistics 32M sensor measurements on 11 datasets with a total of 170,037 mote hours in real-world and testbeds deployments. We assembled what we believed to be the largest dataset available to the networking community. Based on those datasets and on insights we learned from deploying networks in real-world conditions, we study the limits and trade-offs of TSCH-based Wireless Sensor Networks. We provide methods and tools to estimate the network performances of such networks in various scenarios. We believe we assembled the right tools for protocol designer to built deterministic networking to the Industrial IoT
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Larsson, Fredrik, Oskar Christensson, and Carlos Ibarra. "Best Practices in Web 2.0 Climate : Competitive Advantage Through Social Networking Tools." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Informatik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-16816.
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The usage of social media such as YouTube, Twitter and Facebook has expanded drastically. Today almost every organization has a Facebook page and a Twitter account that complements their webpage and their physical stores. However, why and how are they using these social medias? This research focuses on why and how organizations are using Facebook and Twitter in their business strategy. More specifically, what methods and organizational strategies are used. The requirement for our research was that the organization had to had some success on these social medias but due to time and budget limitations, the research is restricted to three local organizations that have a national presence. Conducting primary data with three face-to-face semi-structured interviews and obtaining secondary data such as books, theses and academic journals we had the data to make an analysis about how Facebook and Twitter could make these three organizations gain competitive advantage. By correctly utilizing the tools that social networking sites (SNS) provide; organizations can make way for a differentiation path that provides competitive advantage, build brand awareness, and provide statistical tools for evaluating customer behavior. One of the benefits of SNS is that they are virtually free to implement, both from a capital and human resource investment point of view. This research shows that organizations utilizing SNS in order to gain competitive advantage need to focus on creating a committed and engaged user base. By keeping in mind the drivers of differentiation: timing, location, linkages and scale, organizations transform their competitive advantage into a sustained competitive advantage.
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Watson, Brendan R. "Speaking up in the 21st century the effects of communication apprehension and internet self-efficacy on use of social networking websites /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4951.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 7, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Al, Hajjar Hani. "Evaluation of optical technologies for home networking at very high-speed." Télécom Bretagne, 2013. http://www.telecom-bretagne.eu/publications/publication.php?idpublication=11987.
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Pendant la dernière décennie, le nombre des ordinateurs portables, assistants personnel numérique et autres terminaux mobiles a massivement augmenté. Cela a conduit à une énorme demande de communications sans fil pour offrir la mobilité dans différents endroits tels que les bureaux de travail, les gares ferroviaires ou les aéroports. A ce jour, cette mobilité est principalement offerte par les communications radiofréquences tel que le WiFi, ayant un débit maximal de 300 Mbit/s. Cependant, des nouvelles applications telles que le transfert des vidéos HD non-compressées ou le sauvegarde des disques durs à distance nécessitent une bande passante plus importante (> 2 Gbit/s). Ce débit peut être transmis en utilisant les communications optiques sans fil. Dans cette thèse, une nouvelle architecture de transmissions optiques sans fil est proposée et étudiée selon le critère GROWTH (GReen Optical Wireless InTo Home network). Cette architecture est basée sur la distribution des pico-cellules optiques en espace libre dans les différentes pièces de la maison par l¿intermédiaire d¿une interconnexion fibrée offrant un débit dépassant le Gbit/s. Ce travail est divisé en quatre parties : le dimensionnement du système et la sélection des technologies optoélectroniques associées, la simulation su canal optique hybride (fibre optique + espace libre) en utilisant les logiciel VPI Transmission Maker et Matlab, le choix de la longueur d¿onde et finalement, les mesures expérimentales pour valider la performance du systèmeOver the last ten years, the number of laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs) and other mobile terminals has massively increased. This evolution has led to a huge demand of wireless communications, in the purpose of avoiding wires and connectors to supply mobility in various places such as offices, homes, rail stations or airports. To date, this mobility is mainly offered by radiofrequency (RF) communications using Wi-Fi channels, with a maximum bitrate of 300 Mbps. However, new indoor applications such as non-compressed high-definition (HD) video transfer or remote hard-disk backup require much higher bandwidths (> 2Gbps). Such a bitrate can be transmitted using an optical wireless communications OWC system. In this thesis, a new architecture of OWC has been proposed and studied according to the GROWTH criteria (GReen Optical Wireless InTo Home network). This architecture is based on distributed free-space optical pico-cells in each room of the home interconnected by optical fibers and offering bitrates that exceed 1 Gbps. The work is divided into four parts: dimensioning of the systems and the selection of associated opto-electronics technologies, simulation of the hybrid optical channel (fiber optics + free-space) using the VPI Transmission Maker and Matlab softwares, choice of the wavelength and finally the experimental measurements to validate the performance of the system
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Toney, Jeffrey A. "Political engagement and social networking sites exploring the relationship between social networking sites and political engagement in young adults." Scholarly Commons, 2009. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/713.
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Social Networking Sites (SNS) have extremely high rates of young adult users. Facebook.com report.s that more than half of its users are of college age. Due to the increasing number of political figures and political information on SNS, this study analyzes the relationship between SNS and political engagement. Specifically, this study seeks to determine if adults' consumption of political information on SNS leads to higher levels of political engagement. Political engagement is broken down into three different variables: political knowledge, political interest, and political participation. This study draws its data from a sample of 355 undergraduate college students. Data was collected through a volunteer self-administered survey questionnaire. Three sections respectively measured political engagement, social networking site dependency for political information, and demographic information. Data were collected from a junior college and a private university in Northern California.
This study found a positive relationship between SNS dependency for political information and political interest and participation. In other words, individuals who depend on SNS for political information have higher levels of political interest and participation. There was no significant relationship found between political knowledge and SNS dependency. These results suggest that SNS may help foster political engagement in young adults.
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Gustavsson, Anna. "Reliable Network Communication." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Signaler och System, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-395261.
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The Target Positioning Sensor (TPS) is used by cranes to locate containers in ports and on cargo ships. The reliability of the communication network between the TPS and the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is important to optimise the productivity of the container terminal. Lost data messages between the network devices will lead to delays and production loss for the terminal. The main goal of this thesis project is to make the Ethernet-based network between the TPS and the PLC more reliable. The current sensor network protocol uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and the project aims to replace that with the Transport Control Protocol (TCP). This includes designing a new message handling application and performing case studies on how to best handle compatibility issues between the TPS and the PLC, to improve the longevity of the application. The case studies led to considering an adaptable behaviour toward future software updates in different parts of the network. An application which used TCP to communicate between a PC and a PLC was developed, intended to be used as a reference during future integration into the actual sensor network. The TCP application works but needs to be improved before being implemented in a real system. In addition, the project also looked into Time-Sensitive Networking, which is a method of increasing link capacity and reliability in time-sensitive network implementations. This was done through a literature study on the IEEE Time-Sensitive Networking Standard, which showed that the application of the standard could be beneficial if more sensors are added to the network of if the sampling frequency of the TPS is increased.
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Maliwatu, Richard. "Ubiquitous Mesh Networking: application to mobile communication and information dissemination in a rural context." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000996/.
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ICT has furthered the social and economic development of societies but, rural African communities have lagged behind due to issues such as sparse population, low household income, a lack of electricity and other basic infrastructure that make it unattractive for telecommunication service providers to extend service provision. Where the service is available, ubiquitous service coverage has not translated into ubiquitous access for individuals because of the associated costs. A community-wide WMN offering VoIP using fixed telephone handsets has been deployed as a viable alternative to the cellular service provider. The effectiveness of this WMN VoIP service springs from the mobile phone usage statistics which showed that the majority of calls made are intra-community.
This dissertation has been an effort towards improved communication and access to information for the under-served communities. Key contributions include, mobile VoIP support, translation gateway deployment to make textual information accessible in voice form via the phone, IP-based radio for community information dissemination. The lack of electricity has been mitigated by the use of low-power devices. In order to circumvent the computational challenges posed by the processing and storage limitations of these devices, a decentralised system architecture whereby the processing and storage load are distributed across the mesh nodes has been proposed. High-performance equipment can
be stationed at the closest possible place with electricity in the area and connectivity extended to the non-electrified areas using low-power mesh networking devices. Implementation techniques were investigated and performance parameters measured. The quality of service experienced by the user was assessed using objective methods and QoS correlation models. A MOS value of 4.29, i.e. very good, was achieved for the mobile VoIP call quality, with the underlying hardware supporting up to 15 point-to-point simultaneous calls using SIP and the G.711 based codec. Using the PEAQ algorithm to evaluate the IP-based radio, a PEAQ value of 4.15, i.e. good, was achieved. Streaming audio across the network reduces the available bandwidth by 8Kbps per client due to the unicast nature of streaming. Therefore, a multicast approach has been proposed for efficient bandwidth utilization. The quality of the text-to-voice service rendered by the translation gateway had a PESQ score of 1.6 i.e. poor. The poor performance can be attributed to the TTS engine implementation and also to the lack of robustness in the
time-alignment module of the PESQ algorithm.
The dissertation also proposes the use of the WMN infrastructure as a back-haul to isles of WSNs deployed in areas of interest to provide access to information about environmental variables useful in decision making.
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Sydney, Ali. "The evaluation of software defined networking for communication and control of cyber physical systems." Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15577.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Don Gruenbacher
Caterina Scoglio
Cyber physical systems emerge when physical systems are integrated with communication networks. In particular, communication networks facilitate dissemination of data among components of physical systems to meet key requirements, such as efficiency and reliability, in achieving an objective. In this dissertation, we consider one of the most important cyber physical systems: the smart grid. The North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) envisions a smart grid that aggressively explores advance communication network solutions to facilitate real-time monitoring and dynamic control of the bulk electric power system. At the distribution level, the smart grid integrates renewable generation and energy storage mechanisms to improve reliability of the grid. Furthermore, dynamic pricing and demand management provide customers an avenue to interact with the power system to determine electricity usage that satisfies their lifestyle. At the transmission level, efficient communication and a highly automated architecture provide visibility in the power system; hence, faults are mitigated faster than they can propagate. However, higher levels of reliability and efficiency rely on the supporting physical communication infrastructure and the network technologies employed. Conventionally, the topology of the communication network tends to be identical to that of the power network. In this dissertation, however, we employ a Demand Response (DR) application to illustrate that a topology that may be ideal for the power network may not necessarily be ideal for the communication network. To develop this illustration, we realize that communication network issues, such as congestion, are addressed by protocols, middle-ware, and software mechanisms. Additionally, a network whose physical topology is designed to avoid congestion realizes an even higher level of performance. For this reason, characterizing the communication infrastructure of smart grids provides mechanisms to improve performance while minimizing cost. Most recently, algebraic connectivity has been used in the ongoing research effort characterizing the robustness of networks to failures and attacks. Therefore, we first derive analytical methods for increasing algebraic connectivity and validate these methods numerically. Secondly, we investigate impact on the topology and traffic characteristics as algebraic connectivity is increased. Finally, we construct a DR application to demonstrate how concepts from graph theory can dramatically improve the performance of a communication network. With a hybrid simulation of both power and communication network, we illustrate that a topology which may be ideal for the power network may not necessarily be ideal for the communication network. To date, utility companies are embracing network technologies such as Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) because of the available support for legacy devices, traffic engineering, and virtual private networks (VPNs) which are essential to the functioning of the smart grid. Furthermore, this particular network technology meets the requirement of non-routability as stipulated by NERC, but these benefits are costly for the infrastructure that supports the full MPLS specification. More importantly, with MPLS routing and other switching technologies, innovation is restricted to the features provided by the equipment. In particular, no practical method exists for utility consultants or researchers to test new ideas, such as alternatives to IP or MPLS, on a realistic scale in order to obtain the experience and confidence necessary for real-world deployments. As a result, novel ideas remain untested. On the contrary, OpenFlow, which has gained support from network providers such as Microsoft and Google and equipment vendors such as NEC and Cisco, provides the programmability and flexibility necessary to enable innovation in next-generation communication architectures for the smart grid. This level of flexibility allows OpenFlow to provide all features of MPLS and allows OpenFlow devices to co-exist with existing MPLS devices. Therefore, in this dissertation we explore a low-cost OpenFlow Software Defined Networking solution and compare its performance to that of MPLS. In summary, we develop methods for designing robust networks and evaluate software defined networking for communication and control in cyber physical systems where the smart grid is the system under consideration.
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Glozer, Sarah Alice. "Corporate social responsibility communication in social networking sites : unfinalisable and dialogical processes of legitimation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28469/.
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Building upon constitutive models of corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication, which appreciate the role of both organisations and stakeholders in constructing CSR, this thesis suggests that understanding of CSR is on-going and emergent through unfinalisable legitimation processes in social networking sites (SNSs). Constructed upon management research that has examined discursive legitimation processes, this thesis shifts away from CSR communications research into websites, CSR reports and press releases, to descriptively investigate discourse within interaction (dialogue) in the textually rich SNS context. The thesis contributes to the CSR literature by challenging conventional definitions of legitimacy, which suggest that objective, legitimacy ‘realities’ are espoused from ‘transmission’ (sender-orientated) models of communication, to offer interpretations of legitimation processes rooted within discursive and dialogical constructionism. In exploring how discursive legitimation occurs in contemporary networked societies across four UK-based retailers: the Co-operative, Lidl, Marks and Spencer and Sainsbury’s, findings capture the ‘centripetal’ (unifying) forces of normalisation, moralisation and mytholigisation at play in organisation-stakeholder dialogue across the SNSs, but also the ‘centrifugal’ (dividing) forces of authorisation, demythologisation and carnivalisation. These findings problematise the consensual tone of legitimacy as organisation-society ‘congruence’ and reveal the shifting and contradictory expectations that surround CSR. Within a Bakhtinian (1981, 1986) conception of dialogue, the findings most markedly reveal perpetuality (unfinalisability) in CSR communication and the impossibility of exhausting relations in polyphonic (multi-vocal) SNS environments, characterised by ‘dispersed authority.’ Furthermore, in conceptualising SNSs as interactive, agential and co-constructed organisational ‘texts’, findings also illuminate the performative (constructive) nature of SNSs in organising and (re)constituting CSR through organisation-stakeholder dialogue. This thesis provides a framework for understanding legitimation processes in SNSs, with implications for theory and practice.
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Nyland, Robert Scott. "The Gratification Niches of Internet Social Networking, E-mail, and Face-to-face Communication." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2151.pdf.
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Sharber, Shelli K. "Blogging and Tweens: Communication Portal to Reading Selection and Engagement." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115155/.
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The ethnographic study utilized the research techniques of observations, content analysis, and semi-structured interviews with tween participants (i.e., 9 through 13 year-old youth) during an 8-week literary blog project. Twenty-six participants created individual blog pages within a member-only classroom blog site that allowed for online communication between members. the blog project incorporated social networking applications with which youth frequently engage. the research questions ensured data regarding what facets participants found appealing and motivating during the project was collected. the questions allowed for determining if participants utilized peer blogs for reading material selection or repurposed the blogs to discuss other topics. Components of self-determination theory and engagement theory underlay the project design and aided in identifying motivational aspects of the data. Frequency tables outlined the identified patterns and structures of participants’ online activity. Participants found the ability to change the colors of their blog backgrounds and to design their individual blogs and the giving and receiving of feedback to be the two most appealing features of the project. Participants chose books from peer suggestions in the online world but also selected materials from recommendations they received in face-to-face interactions with their peers, their teacher, and the school librarian. Little evidence of repurposing the blog for social topics was observed. Participants engaged in discussions predominantly based around the books they were currently reading or had read. Implications for incorporating social networking applications within the classroom environment are discussed.
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Herrmann, Andrew F. "Power, Metaphor, and the Closing of a Social Networking Site." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/747.
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This project expands root-metaphor analysis by examining the closure of a once popular social networking site, advancing critical interrogation of ownership vs. the idea of online spaces as “communities.” Yahoo! 360° participants used private sphere root-metaphors of home, family, and community constituting a space of intimacy, camaraderie, and care. The closing exposed previously unseen power differentials between participants and Yahoo! Participants reacted by using the metaphor of war and violence to frame the actions of Yahoo!
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Barber, Glenn E. "Networking of North and West Texas Superintendents." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc28391/.
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This study examined the professional networking of North and West Texas public school superintendents. It looked at how these superintendents professionally network, use professional organizations in networking, and how they extend opportunities beyond the organizations to gain knowledge and information about their demanding and stressful responsibilities. Lastly, it looked at superintendents in the field on whom others rely for knowledge and understanding. Surveys were mailed out to 443 North and West Texas public schools. Only the superintendents from those districts were asked to complete the survey. This limitation was desired to restrict the population to only the superintendents of schools, thus focusing the study on the professional networking of only superintendents. Three hundred sixty (360) superintendents responded to the survey, a return rate of 81.3%. This research concluded that superintendents professionally network by communicating through monthly meetings, organizational conferences or meetings, or email. Their networks are facilitated through communication, contacts, location, longevity, and organizational associations. These organizations provide the superintendent's primary network contact. The number of contacts in a network is usually a small group of 5 to 9 professionals who are known from longevity in the profession, prior educational positions, similar district size, being located in or near a city, and other geographic neighbors.
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Vos, Sarah. "USING SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES DURING PUBLIC HEALTH CRISES: THEORIZING THE DIFFUSION OF EFFECTIVE MESSAGES." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/comm_etds/45.
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During a public health crisis, officials need to communicate with the public quickly and accurately. Social networking sites (SNS) have been identified as an appropriate channel for this type of communication; however, few studies have examined what makes SNS messages effective. Further limiting research in this area is a lack of attention to theoretical constructs that may explain message effectiveness in SNS.
In this dissertation, I propose that diffusion of innovations (DOI) be used to understand SNS and message success on SNS. In doing so, I compare traditional message success (persuasion) to message success on SNS platforms (amplification) and provide a brief overview of relevant message design constructs. I then conduct a study to analyze Twitter messages from state and local health departments and federal government agencies charged with communicating to the public during a public health crisis to test these theoretical claims and identify message elements that increase SNS message amplification. The context of the study is the fall 2014 Ebola crisis in the United States. The messages are first classified using content analysis methods to identify message design elements related to content, structure, and style. The success of those elements, in terms of the influence they have on messages amplification, is then evaluated using negative binomial regression.
The results suggest that specific content (hazard information, response instruction, and official action), effective structure (word and image graphics), and key style choices (using figurative language, one hashtag or a keyword hashtag, and the first person) improve the amplification value of a message. Other choices, like mentioning another user, reduce the amplification value. These findings add to the evidence that suggests that DOI enhances scholars’ understanding of communication on SNS. In addition, the results demonstrate that messages can be conceptualized as innovations, and, as such, their characteristics influence the likelihood that they will be diffused through SNS platforms. The results suggest that those charged with communicating during a public health crisis use specific message strategies for SNS messages. These strategies include recommendations related to message content, message structure, and message style. Finally, the results suggest that scholars should continue research to understand the relationship between message design and message amplification in order to improve our knowledge of communication on SNS and help practitioners identify effective communication practices on this new and important channel. Research should also examine the relationship between persuasion and amplification in order to understand how amplification influences attitudes, behavioral intentions, and behavior in both those who amplify the message and in those who receive the message as a result of that amplification.
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Moyo, Nokuthula. "Assessing the growing impact and potential of social networking mediums in crisis communication in South Africa : A Case Study of the South African Protection of State Information Bill." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13715.
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Includes bibliography.With new political developments breeding opportunities for crises, proliferation of new media types increasing exposure to crises, there is a growing awareness of the potential, influence, impact and capabilities of social media. Focusing on South Africa's Secrecy Bill, a crisis with implications on access to information and media freedom, this study provides a discussion of the dynamics of crisis communication online. By undertaking an analysis of the uses of social media during deliberations of the Secrecy Bill and its implications, the study sought to explore how young South Africans have embraced social media as a communication tool. An examination of the literature reveals that younger generations are frequent bloggers and users of Twitter, a popular social media site. Focusing on these two platforms, through a qualitative content analysis, findings show that their contribution to deliberations was mainly to make sense of the crisis and distribute relevant materials relating to the debate.