Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Communication dans les musées'
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Cousserand, Isabelle. "Les représentations du passé dans les organisations : une communication de légitimation." Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30047.
Full textWhat do historical representations recall in an applied communication perspective to the life of an organization or an institution, from the point of view of the contents of these representations but also from the point of view of how they are organized? We will look at both the diversity of the representations from the past, and the work of their staging, the valorisation of an organization and we are looking to determine if they are legitimate, and how they determine or not a requisite for truth and fidelity. In the first section we will consider the links between the past and communication by examining more particularly the forms of recourse to the past and the communicational scope. We also propose an analysis of the contents of the magazine “L’Expression d’Entreprise” over ten years, concentrating on the aspects relating to the history of companies, this allows us to envision these forms of memory “in practice”. In the second section entitled “the past orchestrated”, we are interested in the activity of agencies and museum terms, for which we propose a characterization. We insist notably on museum visits, accompanied with questionnaires by interviews, in order to collect out stated intentions. Are we looking at an artificial collective memory or an established communication activity ?
Filippini, Fantoni Silvia. "Approche critique des stratégies de personnalisation dans les musées : théorie et pratique." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010548.
Full textFriis, Alsinger Léa. "Les objets inscrits, supports de communication : corpus mobilier médieval exposé dans les musées de la ville de Gérone." Thesis, Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1197.
Full textThe work is based on the study of medieval objects with inscriptions (Vth-XVth centuries), recollected from Girona city museums where they are exhibited today: Treasure Museum of the Cathedral, Diocesan Art Museum, Jews History Museum, City History Museum, and Archeological Museum.The methodological purpose comes from a literary viewpoint applied to the museal framework, with epigraphic items viewed as “material text” converting the traditional figure of text reader into a visitor-reader. We also propose transposing the Gérard Genette’s paratext concept onto objects, with emergence of notions of “museal peritext” and “bibliographic epitext”. Each inscription is examined through connections with the other elements or with the temporal context of the object.The research was lead with museums archives files and bibliography from different frameworks as History and Philosophy of writing, Semiology, Semiotics, History and Catalan Art History.The thesis is divided into three parts: preliminary summary statement about writing in Middle Ages and the explanation of aims and methods of the study; then, the analysis of each piece with its inscription(s), some of which were unpublished or remain mysterious ; and at last a cross-sectional analysis, mixing various disciplinary areas (Communication studies, Museology, Literary analysis…), which shows multiplicity of receptions of epigraphic objects, and the importance of writing around them. It ends with transposing notions of advertising: the same cognitive processes identified in the current marketing theories were already at work in our medieval context, not with a commercial purpose here but in order to get adherence to values
El treball en si es fonamenta en l'estudi d'una recopilació d'objectes de l’edat mitjana (segles V-XV) per tant tot tipus d’inscripcions que estan exposades, avui en dia, en els diversos museus de la ciutat de Girona : al Museu del Tresor de la Catedral, al Museu d’Art Diocesà, al Museu d'Història dels Jueus, al Museu d'Història de la Ciutat i al Museu Arqueològic.La proposta metodológica arrenca d'una perspectiva literària aplicada al context museal, amb l’objecte inscrit com a «text material» i el lector tradicional convertit en visitant-lector. També es proposa aplicar el concepte de paratext de Gérard Genette a l'àmbit dels objectes, amb «peritext museal» i «epitext bibliogràfic». Cada inscripció s’estudia en les seves relacions amb els altres elements o amb el context temporal de l’objecte.La tesi està dividida en tres parts: la primera, on es recullen les recapitulacions preliminars sobre l'escriptura a l’Edat Mitjana i l'exposició dels objectius i mètodes de l'estudi; en la segona, es fa l'anàlisi de cada peça inscrita amb inscripcions inèdites o encara misterioses ; i la tercera, recull l'anàlisi transversal tenint en compte elements de diversos àmbits del coneixement (Comunicació, Museologia, Anàlisi literària...) i aquesta perspectiva permet mostrar la multiplicitat de formes de recepció dels objectes inscrits, i la importància de l'escriptura (o de l'escrit) al voltant de l'objecte.La tesi es tanca amb l'aplicació de nocions del camp de la publicitat: els mateixos processos cognitius identificats en les actuals teories del marketing ja eren vàlids pel nostre context medieval, no pas amb una base comercial, sinó per l'adhesió a determinats valors
Friis, Alsinger Léa. "Les objects inscrits, supports de communication: corpus mobilier médiéval exposé dans les musées de la ville de Gérone." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/288215.
Full textEl trabajo se asienta en el estudio de una recopilación de objetos del Medioevo (siglos V-XV) que llevan todo tipo de inscripciones, que están expuestos en los museos de la ciudad de Girona hoy en día: en el museo del Tesoro de la Catedral, en el museo de Arte diocesano, en el museo de Historia de los Judíos, en el museo de Historia de la Ciudad y en el museo arqueológico. La propuesta metodológica radica en una perspectiva literaria aplicada al contexto museal, con el objeto inscrito como «texto material» y el lector tradicional convertido en visitor-lector. También se propone transferir el concepto de paratexto de Gérard Genette al ámbito de los objetos, con «peritexto museal» y «epitexto bibliográfico». Cada inscripción se estudia en sus relaciones con los demás elementos o con el contexto temporal del objeto. La tesis está dividida en tres partes: primero, unas recapitulaciones históricas preliminares sobre la escritura en la Edad Media y la exposición de objetivos y métodos del estudio; luego, los análisis de cada pieza inscrita con inscripciones inéditas o aún misteriosas; y tercero un análisis transversal que va mezclando varias corrientes (Comunicación, Museología, Análisis literario…) y muestra la multiplicidad de formas de recepción de los objetos inscritos, y la importancia de lo escrito en torno al objeto. Se acaba con la transposición de nociones del campo de la publicidad: los mismos procesos cognitivos que se identifican en las teorías actuales de marketing ya estaban funcionando en nuestro contexto medieval, aquí no con perspectiva comercial sino apuntando a la adhesión a determinados valores.
El treball en si es fonamenta en l'estudi d'una recopilació d'objectes de l’edat mitjana (segles V-XV) per tant tot tipus d’inscripcions que estan exposades, avui en dia, en els diversos museus de la ciutat de Girona : al Museu del Tresor de la Catedral, al Museu d’Art Diocesà, al Museu d'Història dels Jueus, al Museu d'Història de la Ciutat i al Museu Arqueològic. La proposta metodológica arrenca d'una perspectiva literària aplicada al context museal, amb l’objecte inscrit com a «text material» i el lector tradicional convertit en visitant-lector. També es proposa aplicar el concepte de paratext de Gérard Genette a l'àmbit dels objectes, amb «peritext museal» i «epitext bibliogràfic». Cada inscripció s’estudia en les seves relacions amb els altres elements o amb el context temporal de l’objecte. La tesi està dividida en tres parts: la primera, on es recullen les recapitulacions preliminars sobre l'escriptura a l’Edat Mitjana i l'exposició dels objectius i mètodes de l'estudi; en la segona, es fa l'anàlisi de cada peça inscrita amb inscripcions inèdites o encara misterioses ; i la tercera, recull l'anàlisi transversal tenint en compte elements de diversos àmbits del coneixement (Comunicació, Museologia, Anàlisi literària...) i aquesta perspectiva permet mostrar la multiplicitat de formes de recepció dels objectes inscrits, i la importància de l'escriptura (o de l'escrit) al voltant de l'objecte. La tesi es tanca amb l'aplicació de nocions del camp de la publicitat: els mateixos processos cognitius identificats en les actuals teories del marketing ja eren vàlids pel nostre context medieval, no pas amb una base comercial, sinó per l'adhesió a determinats valors.
The work is based on the study of medieval objects bearing inscriptions (Vth-XVth centuries), recollected from Girona city museums where they are exhibited today: Treasure Museum of the Cathedral, Diocesan Art Museum, Jews History Museum, City History Museum, and Archeological Museum. The methodological purpose comes from a literary viewpoint applied to the museal framework, with epigraphic items viewed as “material text” converting the traditional figure of text reader into a visitor-reader. We also propose transposing the Gérard Genette’s paratext concept onto objects, with emergence of notions of “museal peritext” and “bibliographic epitext”. Each inscription is examined through connections with the other elements or with the temporal context of the object. The research was lead with museums archives files and bibliography from different frameworks as History and Philosophy of writing, Semiology, Semiotics, History and Catalan Art History. The thesis is divided into three parts: preliminary summary statement about writing in Middle Ages and the explanation of aims and methods of the study; then, the analysis of each piece with its inscription(s), some of which were unpublished or remain mysterious ; and at last a cross-sectional analysis, mixing various disciplinary areas (Communication studies, Museology, Literary analysis…), which shows multiplicity of receptions of epigraphic objects, and the importance of writing around them. It ends with transposing notions of advertising: the same cognitive processes identified in the current marketing theories were already at work in our medieval context, not with a commercial purpose here but in order to get adherence to values.
Wang, Hsiao-yun. "Le marketing des arts et de la culture : le cas des expositions éducatives pour les enfants dans les musées." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30003.
Full textPrior to the late 1980s, for example, children were not part of the museum audience. Lacking spaces and exhibitions for children, museum education for young people was absent. In order to support the implementation of museum education for children, we will discuss the types of exhibits appropriate for this endeavor. Recognizing the phenomenon of blockbuster exhibitions in particular, the purpose of this research is to investigate how museums elevate the practice of marketing, and how marketing plays a role in the interplay between the public, educational goals, the exhibit and the museum and influences the operation and presentation of the museum. We discuss the model of Disneyland, which employs marketing methods to attract children and family audiences. Museums seem to be influenced by this model, leading to a tendency of “Disneylandization.” Is it necessary for a museum that wishes to fulfill an educational mission and aim at a child audience to risk “Disneylandization” through its marketing methods? Our study provides an analysis of the methods of art marketing as they relate to educational museum exhibitions for children. We deal with two major issues: the “BEST analysis” to explore the environment and to understand the existing problems in the museum field; and the “BEST practice” approach to possible ways to solve the existing problems in the operation of the museum. The thesis proposes, in conclusion, to demonstrate that marketing gives to museums the means of better fulfilling their social and educational mission. We will show that a renewed approach to marketing makes it possible to use the proposed techniques to better meet the educational objectives of the museums; in other words, to more closely join supply (of education) and demand (by families and children)
Luckerhoff, Jason. "Mutations des institutions culturelles : analyse du Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec et de l'exposition "Le Louvre à Québec. Les arts et la vie" : dispositifs de médiation, d'interprétation et de communication dans et autour d'une institution d'éducation non formelle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28554/28554.pdf.
Full textFuentes, Julian Isabel. "De la métaphore dans les expositions scientifiques : une étude de ses fonctions de communication." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MNHN0053.
Full textMartin, Thérèse. "L'expérience de visite des enfants en musées de sciences dans le cadre des loisirs : logiques d'interprétation et enjeux d'un dispositif communicationnel." Phd thesis, Université Charles de Gaulle - Lille III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783563.
Full textSoulier, Virginie. "Donner la parole aux autochtones : Quel est le potentiel de reconnaissance de l'exposition à plusieurs points de vue dans les musées ?" Thesis, Avignon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AVIG1129/document.
Full textCollaborations with aboriginal communities appear to be increasing in Canadian museums, with the communities shifting from speaking in a context of claiming theirrights to being given a voice in the museum context. In keeping with the questioning about ethnological museums, taking into account the voice of the aboriginal peoplesprefigures since the eighties the time for recognition. But the word recognition is used indiverse museum contexts.Based on a communicational approach, our research considers the links between thepolyphonic and recognition modalities of the exhibition media. We have attempted toidentify and understand the processes induced and generated by exhibitions’ interactionaland intertextual systems. The polyphonic system is conceptualized in three mediation moments in the production and reception spaces of the exhibition: acknowledgment, monstration, and interpretation of aboriginal points of view. They correspond to there cognition intentions of the exhibitions and designers-museographers, then visitors’recognition. We have conducted four field studies in eleven different Canadian museums : participant observation; one-on-one interviews with museum professionals; discourse analysis ; group interviews with native and non-native visitors. We have studied the collaborative practicesand these four types of museum discourses to demonstrate the recognition potential ofexhibitions dedicated to the aboriginals’ perspectives.Our research reveals several recognition modes manifest in the combination andinterlinking of aboriginals’ and practitioners’ voices; it identifies logic in the polysemy ofthe word recognition. This interpretation essay reveals patrimonial and socio-historical conflicts that generate regulation mechanisms through assimilation/accommodation. A permanent recognition phenomenon emerges from the adaptations implemented by themuseums since the beginning of aboriginal patrimonialization during the colonizationperiod. Our research proposes to apprehend the museum as a recognition place of heritage, but also of the general public and the peoples, whether donors or donees of that heritage
Imbert, Clémence. "Oeuvres ou documents ? : un siècle d’exposition du graphisme dans les musées d’art moderne de Paris, New York et Amsterdam (1895-1995)." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080084/document.
Full textThis dissertation looks at graphic design exhibitions both as events that are part of the history of the discipline and as scenographic and academic forums for expressing, more or less consciously, its links with artistic creativity. It is based on the analysis of four hundred exhibitions, held between 1895 and 1995 at three modern art museums : the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam, founded in 1895, the MoMA in New York, inaugurated in 1929 and the Musée national d’art moderne-Centre de création industrielle (Mnam/Cci), created in 1993 after the fusion of two separate departments of the Centre Pompidou. The archives of these exhibitions highlights both the choices of programming (what objects, eras and graphic designers do they ?), and the various status confered to printed objects by scenography and surrounding texts and discourses. The dissertation reveals the preference of modern art museums for posters, for graphic design for the public domain, and for the work of ‘graphic designers-cum-authors’. This specific graphic design elected by museums is envisionned according to interpretative frames that likens it to artistic creation through the rapprochement between graphic designers and artists, the omission of circumstances pertaining to commissions, descriptions of styles, search for influences, etc. The ‘visual communication’ exhibitions organised by the CCI provide a striking contrast to this model in so far as they concentrated less on the actual ‘works’ of graphic design than on the social context of their production and use
Boulanger, Piette Antoine. "La communication os-muscle dans la dystrophie musculaire : une interaction musculaire hors triade pour l'ostéoprotégérine." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40332.
Full textRicatto, Bruno. "Dimensions institutionnelles de la documentation pedagogique : communication et interactions dans le systeme educatif." Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE2017.
Full textRegourd, Martine. "Musées et communication : recherche au regard des musées des Beaux-Arts de province." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20035.
Full textThis thesis is an attempt to measure the different evolutions regarding provincial beaux-arts museums in relation with communication. This link between museums and communication is successively analyzed under two different but complementary stand point: on the one hand, the analysis of the museum as a sphere of communication and on the other hand the performances accomplished regarding the communication of museums. The main purpose deals with so-called idea of the "entry of museums in the communication sphere". Standing upon authors like Habermas, a central question lays down: how does the organization of a museum alters while facing up the society of communication? Does the public sphere of the museum submit to the alterations due to prevailing contemporary features specific to cultural industries? After a historical return, including specially the advent of the notion of citizenship, the theoretical approach on which lies the organization of this institution will be analyzed: a public utility service which assignment is above all aesthetical and pedagogical. Concerning the study of the public, O. Donnat's work regarding the quantitative approach and those of P. Bourdieu for the quantitative one will be the main references. A cross-wise approach has been undertaken: one the one hand, the setting up of the modalities of an eventual tool of communication through temporary exhibitions, and on the other hand the appreciation of the scope of the so-called measures of rationalization in the management of the museums and their public. These evolutions are facing up the basic assignments of the museums and its ability to develop a discursive dimension setting it up as a public sphere. This research is validated by a survey based upon a questioner for which 91 beaux-arts museums have responded and on several interviews with curators of some of them
Fiore, Frédéric. "Etude génétique et fonctionnelle de deux molécules impliquées dans la communication cellulaire : FGF6, un facteur de croissance du fibroblaste et CBL3, une nouvelle E3 ligase." Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX22007.
Full textEl, Mortaji Mohammed SaÏd. "L'art islamique dans les musées français." Avignon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AVIG1049.
Full textLambert, Vincent. "Les musées d'histoire : fabrique, communication & esthétique de l'histoire." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR2028/document.
Full textThis thesis interrogates the key role of museums in the development of the fabrics of history and in his communication. We make the observation that the historian is subjected to communicational dilemmas: to retranscribe the imperceptible past to the contemporary world; to solve the historiographic paradox linkage of the actual and the discourse. Our suggestion consists in moving the historical communication problems to the museum. Here the third dilemma: to make history sends one back to writing, whereas in the postmodern society in which we live, images have increasingly been replaced by the written word as a dominant cultural form.The museum rises the issue of the representation of the past. Thus, we present a work of museum modelling of the historiographical operation. The production and communication movements of history in a museum orients us towards the principles of public history and towards æsthetic questions. Hence, we explore the conceptual hypothesis of an historical æsthetics, a sensitive, social and active system in which a museum can participate. Following the exploratory process of participative observation, we initiated a qualitative survey. After this extensive data acquisition campaign, we developed a programme based on the LaTeX type setting system, for sorting data by topics. The results enabling us to develop: 1) the systems, the functioning and the operation of the museums visited; 2) the history of museums of history; 3) the stylistics of history; and 4) the idea of æsthetics of history.The originality of this thesis gains its interest to establishing a foundation for a reflection about the new concepts of the æsthetics of history
Dubois, Sonia. "Mises en scène de la mère absente et du père absent : analyse systémique des Muses orphelines et du Chemin des passes-dangereuses de Michel Marc Bouchard /cSonia Dubois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23675/23675.pdf.
Full textGrosjean, Lætitia. "Un musée des autres ? Discours de l'institution et co-constructions médiatiques." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA1002.
Full textThe thesis focuses on the institutional discourse of the Quai Branly Museum (MQB) from two perspectives: the implementation of a declared interdisciplinarity between anthropology and art history, and the museum’s intention to be a place "where cultures dialogue", as its slogan has it. The study of the construction and circulation of meaning takes two forms: (1) an observation of the gradual development of the concept behind the museum, through analysis of the interaction between the discourse of institutional actors and the social discourses in the media (1996-2006); (2) a study of the mediation process and media coverage of MQB’s cultural productions after its opening (2006-2013). The proposed approach is a socio-semiotic reading-analysis of museum communication that looks into representations of otherness through the prisms of the social topos of common sense and a theorization of cultural triviality. The methodologies are adapted to the complementary corpora investigated. Thus, a daily news corpus (1996-2006) is studied using discourse analysis as a discursive moment contained in an event-type framework, titles of temporary exhibitions (2006-2013) by an analysis inspired by interpretative semantics, exhibition posters (2006-2013) by a visual semiotic, and finally, five exhibitions (2011-2013) are analyzed as expographic discourse linked to text circulation (press kits and press releases, website pages, exhibition catalogs and cultural press). The thesis shows that from the public assertion of its declared ethos to its ethos in action, the MQB is a museum of "us" which stages Others, serving as a tool for the promotion of art
Laurendeau, Géraldine. "USAGES DES PLANTES PAR LES PEKUAKAMIULNUATSH Étude sur la transmission des savoirs dans la communauté ilnu de Mashteuiatsh." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27871/27871.pdf.
Full textQuerrien, Armelle. "L'archéologie dans les musées et collections publiques de France." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100114.
Full textArchaeology has found a place in the movement creating museums that followed the French revolution and napoleon's conquests. Very soon, a gaff became evident between the research and presentations of classical and extra national archaeology supported by the state on the one hand and national archaeology supported by "societes savantes" and local councils on the other hand. Besides, as for back as the end of the 19 th century the presentation of museums did not keep place with the result of research; this phenomenum was reinforced in world wars. Despite all the efforts made during the past few years, the evaluation drawn around the year 1980 shows the health of the problems experienced by museums which have archaeological collections. However the potentialities that the latter offer to research and the diffusion of its results are enormous. Moreover the success encountered among the population and its leaders keeps increasing nowadays and the public touched by museums is growing larger. Therefore a propitious context presents itself for the recival of the too long underprivileged institution: the museum. Tome 1: Ist part: archaeology and the history of museums 2sd part: archaeology in French museums and public collections. Status (regulations) collections - typology of museums - staff - financial and material means - acquisitions - diffusion, research 3rd part: the public of museums. General data and survey on the people attending archaeological exhibitions. Tome II: index of archaeological museums and public collections in France
Park, Sung-Hye. "La pluridisciplinarité dans les musées et centres d'art contemporain." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010503.
Full textIn the last decades of the twentieth century, contemporary museums and art centers have been very dynamic : redefinition, expansion and modernization. They transform to meet the needs of contemporary societies. In this evolution multidisciplinarity is considered as one of the most significant innovation. It contributes to the renewal of the museum concept and participates in the invention of cultural complexes. Our thesis aims to elucidate the emergence and dissemination of multidisciplinarity in society, art and culture. More specifically, the study focuses on the organizational, professional and cultural implications of multidisciplinarity in contemporary art institutions. ln the light of the experience of the Pompidou Center, it takes into consideration structures and operations, changes and evolution and the management of cultural programs. The study of internal features and their impact on multidisciplinary exhibition shows how the Center has brought together all of its departrnents, naturally centered on themselves, giving them coherence and visibilitv Furthermore, the analysis of export, transposition or rejection of the Pompidou Center model is undertaken by examining the Tate Modem and the Pompidou Center-Metz, which raises the question of the sustainability of the idea of multidisciplinarity as a social value. Finally, the thesis shows that cultural institutions dedicated to a comprehensive approach of artistics disciplines tend to promo te a multidisciplinary approach to art and culture in society
Lesaffre, Gaelle. "Objets de patrimoine, objets de curiosité : Le statut des objets extra-occidentaux dans l'exposition permanente du musée du quai Branly." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919401.
Full textBelaën, Florence. "L'expérience de visite dans les expositions scientifiques et techniques à scénographie d'immersion." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOL023.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation deals with the visitor's involvement depth through his trajectory in a scientific or technical museum exhibition. A synthesis about the visit experience and a feature of exhibitions analyzed are offered in the first part: exhibitions with a stage immersion. A map of the latter is drawn according to representative styles and integration techniques the visitors will be subject to. The second part concerns investigation processes and more particularly the use of the open investigation in relation with four immersion exhibitions sustained. The ultimate of those gathers three features derived from the immersion experience - the body object, a destabilization phase and a revelation experience-. It then offers a categorization which reveals the involvement outcome through visitors' accounts. This categorization work results in the presentation of five visits configurations according to what is called the "immersion-distanciation"
Gomaa, Nabil. "Organisation de l'exposition temporaire dans les musées d'art du XXe siècle." Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20041.
Full textThe central point of this study is the use of the temporary exhibition by 20th century Art Museums as an educational tool for the transmission to the public of the knowledge and elements of understanding of art and its history, as well as a way to attract the public. Among the various ways that modern and contemporary art museums can develop contact with the public, and more widely with society, to pass on a strong message about elements of understanding, knowledge and evolution of the artistic taste, the temporary exhibition appears to be the most appreciated event. It gives the organising museum the image of a lively and dynamic place. Consequently, it is greatly attractive and assures the participation of visitors. Other activities, such as the acquisition, the conservation or the restoration of works of art are in the field of the competence of this type of establishments, whether they are non-specialised (Fine Art Museums) or specialised (Modern and/or Contemporary Art Museums), but, obviously, the temporary exhibition helps the public to appreciate the quality of the entire museum and of the organisers of the temporary exhibition. If the importance of temporary exhibitions has already been explained in numerous works, it remained necessary to highlight elements, or combinations of elements, for its conception and organisation, thus helping to build this indispensable educational and promotional tool specific to the Art of the 20th Century. Consequently, this study suggests analysing, from an appropriate art history point of view, the exact transmission of the organisers' message to their public and more generally to society
Vignal, Jean-Noël. "De l'exploitation des musées anatomiques dans le diagnostic rétrospectif en paléopathologie." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE4049.
Full textThe anatomo-pathologic collections of the dupuytren museum whose history is the subject of the first part of this thesis, provided the exclusive matter of this osteo-archaeological study. Only were retained the bones preparations presenting elementary lesions at type of erosion, cavity, perforation and osteolysis. Each specimen, subjected in first to a macroscopic examination, is the subject of a general presentation, an organic description, a coding of its osteo-achelogic criteria and of a physiopathological interpretation. It is then proposed a retrospective diagnosis in conformity with the osteo-archaeological nosology. This standardized analytical approach is supplemented bibliographical elements available making it possible to specify the pathography of each bone ; to confront the retrospective diagnosis which while dissociating historical diagnosis sometimes carries testimony of the evolution of the medical knowledge, and show the interest of the exploitation of the old anatomo-pathologic collections in the field of the paleopathology
Nalpas-Hartenstein, Catherine. "La démarche qualité envers les publics dans les musées en France." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100152.
Full textQuality approach towards publics of museums is a complex communication problem. In a systemic approach, it envisions the ecosystemic links of the museum with the general system and their influence over the public as a receiver. It subordinates communication to the notion of open systems and gives value to the concept of total, meaning primary and secondary, accessibility to heritage. Historical part one reminds that primary accessibility was obtained through the political break of the french revolution, and augmented by socioeconomic demands. There was a shift from the administrative notion of user to the sociological notion of public then to consumer. Part two studies whether these complex logics are exclusive or aggregative in their ecosystemic exchanges. The market logic centered on services adopts tools such as marketing and industry-like quality control. Non-profit logic imposes continuing the democratic and educational tradition, and invokes the specificity of museum economy. Complex logics will then work in the museum system itself, and between itself and the human systems. They will create the notion of territory over which will interact the professional. Political and economic systems of reference. Part three deals with secondary accessibility and describes the difficult construction of communication from emerging strategies of the emitters and interpretating strategies of the receivers. Quality approach identifies the success of communication to the balanced transaction of the actors over a message guaranteed by ethics. It requires the systemic openness through a permanent feedback from information-communication and resembles a continuous process. It likens the museum to a super-system of reference, keeper of the heritage memory and accessible to all publics
Santos, Ventura Paulo Cezar. "La négociation entre le concepteur, les objets et le public dans les musées techniques et les salons professionnels." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOL009.
Full textGonthier, Eric. "L'Exposition des sciences naturelles : la mise en signe des objets dans l'exposition scientifique." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MNHN0010.
Full textBoudjema, Cédric. "La fonction éducative des musées dans la société numérique : analyse comparative de l'offre pédagogique en ligne de huit musées nationaux dans quatre pays (France, Angleterre, Australie, Etats-Unis)." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30013/document.
Full textThis research studies museum internet sites and in particular the pedagogy of eight national institutions in four different countries and suggests that online museums are educational content players.The interest is to investigate the educational content of the internet sites using a content analysis and implementing a comparison between the four countries and the types of internet sites to be able to understand the practices – and especially what Jean Davallon calls « the anticipation by the “sender” » that the visitor will engage in (the sender aiming for example to keep the attention of the latter or to provide guidance in the contents), the typology of content and the teaching strategies put in place by the online museum institutions. The online educational offer is defined here as a permanent activity as a source of building knowledge, consultation, criticism, and entertainment, from the museum resources. This offer is also constructed according to the consistent rules of Web design.We have chosen to study the online pedagogy according to a constructivist approach that drives us to privilege certain key concepts : individual learning ways, learning processes, cognitive strategies, meta-cognitive strategies, {learning styles}, taxonomy. From a methodological point of view, this thesis relies on a qualitative approach and privileges a content analysis from an analysis grid with eleven categories : the corpus is composed of eight internet sites and of two types of national museums : the art museums and the science museums with an educational section. The thesis is composed of two tomes. The tome 2 contains the complete analysis of the sites and the tome 1 includes three parts. In the first part, the research discusses the educational role of museums with its specificities and complexities. This part defines the historical context of the educational function of museums that very early on developed an educational strategy for the public. It also shows the specificity of museums in informal education as a place of learning concepts and development that develop two types of mediation. The museum favours the formulation of questions; it orientates reflexion and raises questions. It then shows the museum as an important partner and complementary to school. Finally, this part precises the historical context of online museums of the four countries from our analysis and the progressive development of the cultural policies of the present and the progressive actions put into place by the museums.Secondly, the research focuses on the thematic analysis of the internet sites and on their educational sections and attempts to show the successive steps of the content analysis via the analysis grid constructed for this research. Firstly, it is about showing the ergonomics of the sites to progressively arrive upon the general treatment of the educational sections of the sites, that is to say to identify the mechanisms of underlying internet sites and of their educational sections and secondly to identify the differences between the types of museums and their countries. Finally, the third part of the research attaches importance to the typology of the online educational content and focuses on the strategies put into place in the sites as well as the pedagogy deployed. The internet sites are thus viewed as interconnected elements, intended for a target audience and reinforcing the social role of the museum. The schools and the teaching body are a privileged population; a prominent place for them is underlined
Beaudoin, Judith Marie. "Exploration d’une méthodologie intégrant un système de positionnement intérieur par radiofréquence dans le cadre d’une évaluation muséale portant sur l’adéquation de parcours d'exposition." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26215.
Full textL’évaluation muséale est un champ principalement actif dans le milieu universitaire et dans les grandes institutions muséales. Les ressources humaines et financières restreintes sont souvent des freins pour les petits et moyens musées à procéder à des démarches d’évaluation autre que le taux de fréquentation. Pourtant, ces études seraient aussi bénéfiques pour eux qu’elles peuvent l’être pour les grandes institutions. Les systèmes de positionnement intérieur semblent une voie intéressante pour permettre aux petits et moyens musées de réaliser des évaluations plus facilement, rapidement et avec un minimum de ressources spécialisées. Malgré un intérêt du milieu muséal et académique pour ces nouvelles technologies, peu de solutions ont été explorées et de méthodes développées dans l’optique d’en faire un outil adapté aux réalités des petits et moyens musées. Ce projet de recherche a pour objectif le développement d’une méthodologie qui intègre un système de positionnement au sein d’une démarche d’évaluation portant sur les parcours muséographiques en contexte de moyen musée. La méthodologie proposée est testée par la réalisation d’une évaluation muséale in situ.
The field of museum evaluation is mostly active in academia and bigger museums. Limited human and financial resources are often impediments for small and medium-size museums to conduct evaluation approaches other than attendance census. However, evaluation studies would be as beneficial for them as they are for large institutions. Indoor positioning systems seem like an attractive approach to enable small and medium-size museums to conduct evaluations more quickly, more easily and in a manner that requires less specialized resources. Although museum professionals and academics have shown interest for these new technologies, few solutions have been explored and methods developed in order to create a tool adapted to the realities of small and medium-sized museums. This research project aims to develop a methodology that integrates a positioning system in the evaluation process of the adequacy between the conceptual and visitor paths in the context of a medium sized museum. The proposed methodology has been tested by applying it to an on-site evaluation.
CABRAL, MARIA CRISTINA NASCENTES. "L`ARCHITECTURE DE L`ART: LE PARADOXE DANS LES MUSÉES D`ART MODERNE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=5106@1.
Full textUNIVERSIDADE ESTACIO DE SÁ
Le concept de musée d`art moderne est paradoxal. La contradiction consiste dans la coexistence de l`institution musée - dont l`attribution originelle est de s`occuper des objets du passé, destitués de leur contexte originel - avec l`art de l`actualité. Cette contradiction se trouve dans toutes les sphères institutionnelles et artistiques, augmentant pendant le XXème Siècle avec l`apparition du musée d`art contemporain. Ce travail analyse l`édifice- musée comme l`endroit de cette contradiction, à partir de la relation entre les conceptions architecturale et artistique. Dans ce but, se sont analysées des propositions architecturales et muséologues de la première moitié du XXème Siècle, bien que des édifices paradigmatiques de la deuxième moitié du XXème Siècle. Ce sont d`abord étudiés le Musée de la croissance ilimitée de Le Corbusier, le Musée pour une petite ville de Mies van der Rohe et le MoMA-NY. Ce sont réalisés des études de cas du Musée Solomon R. Guggenheim de New York, du Mnam, dans le Centre Georges Pompidou, et du Musée Guggenheim de Bilbao.
O conceito de museu de arte moderna é paradoxal. A contradição consiste na convivência da instituição museu - cuja atribuição original é de se ocupar de objetos do passado, destituídos de seu contexto original - com a arte da atualidade. Esta contradição está presente em todas as esferas institucionais e artísticas, acirrando-se ao longo do século XX com o surgimento do museu de arte contemporânea. Este trabalho analisa o edifício-museu como local desta contradição, a partir da relação entre as concepções arquitetônica e artística. Para tal, são analisadas propostas arquitetônicas e museológicas da primeira metade do século XX e edifícios paradigmáticos da segunda metade do século XX. Inicialmente, são estudados o Museu do crescimento ilimitado de Le Corbusier, o Museu para cidade pequena de Mies van der Rohe e o Museu de Arte Moderna de Nova York. Em seguida, são realizados estudos de caso do Museu Solomon R. Guggenheim de Nova York, do Museu Nacional de Arte Moderna, no Centro Georges Pompidou, e do Museu Guggenheim de Bilbao.
Pagani, Camilla. "Politiques de reconnaissance dans les musées d’ethnographie et des cultures au XXIe siècle." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST0002/document.
Full textThrough a genealogical approach and in the context of theories on multiculturalism, this work intends to analyse museums as public institutions, builders of identity, nation-state instruments and venues for the exercise of politics of recognition. The following research focuses on ethnographic and cultural museums, which have subject to criticism since the1980's due to their colonial legacy and anachronic mission in today's global and post-colonial world. Thanks to indigenous people movements and the development by European institutions and UN agencies such as UNESCO of international norms on cultural diversity and return of cultural property, museums have turned into theatres where indentities are builtand claims for recognition are negotiated. As a result, new institutional strategies have been adopted in order to go beyond the ethnographic approach. The principle of recognition is key to understand this paradigm shift. Following a pluridisciplinary approach and through case studies in Europe and in the United States, this work aims at building a bridge between political philosophy and museum studies. It proposes an analysis of various institutions based on four principles of recognition in relation to indigeneous peoples, universalism, colonial history and globalisation
Ismail, Randa. "Préservation et présentation du patrimoine archéologique dans les musées syriens au XXe siècle." Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE4015.
Full textThe syrian archaeology is developped during the 20th century, from the oldest periods to the medieval and modern ages. This book is at the same time an historiography of this research and a description of its contribution to the preservation and to the presentation as well as to the cultural policy of Syria and its partners. Firstly, this book realizes an analysis of the choice of the sites and their geographical distribution in the various regions of the country. Some of them were privileged, from the lime-stone northern syria to the basaltic country of Hauran in the south. The middle-Euphrates led to many missions for all the periods: Mari in the east, Ebla in central Syria. Palmyra and its steppes also led to many ancient and islamic researches. But, why other regions are neglected? For each case, starting from the map of the studied sites, this study analyse which period an which type of monuments each decade has studied but also which place was researched to a diachronic prospect from early pagan antiquity to Islam. In parallel, the used mode of search and strategies appears, from the excavation of an urban or rural complex, to regional prospections and the archaeology of planning and landscapes? How did we pass from collecting antiques to a true history of the "modes" of archaeology. The second part of the thesis studies the valorization of the heritage. Which policy of conservation and presentation did the study of the sites product? But also, which museographic policy did it contribute to this valorization of researchs and its results: from the Museum of Damascus to that of Palmyra, for exemple, an obvious evolution appears: its principles are analyzed. This book tries to give a clear idea of the evolution of research and of the patrimonial and museologic policy
Sénécail, Alain. "Les contenus en didactique : cas des visites scolaires dans les musées de sciences." Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUH040.
Full textThis PhD thesis is related to the field of Science Didactics (Science Education) and aims to enrich the question of teaching and learning content in the context of primary school visits to science museums. Indeed, School and Museum are different institutions, so the moment of visit is a real issue regarding content. By reconstructing the school visit as a didactic situation characterized by specific content and by considering scientific literacy as involving diverse content (content knowledge, practical knowledge, values, attitudes…) with social uses and multiple references; it is as well the disciplinary learning of students as the training of visitors that is examined. The miscellaneous data – online educational documentation from French science museums, open questionnaires intended for primary school teachers and museum guides, observation of six ordinary school visits – enable to concentrate on the content of the school visit in the space of recommendations, the space of representations and the space of practices. Content, considered as a speech, is then reconstructed on the basis of the saying and doing of the didactic subjects in context. Finally, an incursion through another theoretical framework (that of the joint action theory in didactics) allows a general thinking on the nature of content, on its apprehension in contrasted didactic approaches and on the specificities of these approaches when it comes to study teaching and learning situations outside the classroom.Ultimately, this work shows how the content of school visits is articulated between scientific awareness and familiarization with the museum and its specificness. However, the analysis shows a persistence of the schoolarization of science exhibitions and museum experience. The disciplinary content in science is central when the content of visitors’ training is secondary
Flon, Emilie. "La patrimonialisation de l'archéologie : la mise en scène des vestiges dans l'exposition." Avignon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AVIG1043.
Full textOrellana, Rivera Maria Isabel. "La relation école/musée au Chili : le nouveau rôle des musées scientifiques dans le contexte de la réforme éducative chilienne." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MNHN0060.
Full textParallel with the process of transition towards democracy, Chilean society have experimented deep cultural changes. We analyze one of the emerging relationships in this new context: museum/school relation. For this, we have defined as our hypothesis that this relation, starts within the museum, slowly institutionalizing and building itself since the start-up of the educational reform raised from the new social and political context, and, in other hand, is based in the deficiency found in the way that science is being taught, which place the museum as an institution that have to make up for the school lack of means. We establish that the scientific museum/school relation is influenced by a need of becoming a practical assistance, in which the accent is the lack of means and the poor quality of education, but not in a explicit intention of founding itself in a place of collaboration in which both institutions learn, from their specific characteristics, peculiar elements from the other
Luckerhoff, Jason. "Vers une compréhension des déterminants de la fréquentation des musées d'art." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23762/23762.pdf.
Full textCaron, Ginette. "Les rôles sociaux des musées québécois du point de vue des acteurs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25987/25987.pdf.
Full textThévenard-Nguyen, Céline. "Les associations d'amis de musées, leur position et leur engagement dans l'espace public : une approche institutionnelle et communicationnelle des associations d'amis de musées en Rhône-Alpes." Avignon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AVIG1029.
Full textShcherbina, Ekaterina. "Le discours économique à propos des musées : l'évènement de la création du musée "Louvre Abou Dhabi" dans les médias généralistes." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENSL0084.
Full textIn general terms, a diminishment of hitherto non-commercial domains, the conception of which was so far not questioned can be observed in the contemporary French society. Thus a multiplication of reforms of the areas of education, the familial cell, health and particularly culture and its various components can be witnessed. Museums don’t escape this trend. As a matter of fact, they have known considerable developments and modernizations throughout the past forty years. This evolution is characterised by the recourse to experience acquired in traditionally industrial and commercial areas that have been converted to new functions. At a time of numerous changes, the starting point of the research therefore is the interrogation: how did the economy enter the realm of museums? The crystallisation of the changes can be obtained through the analysis of the particular event from the world of museums. The discourse of the medias can play a significant role in the construction of such an event. Hence the research was carried out on a corpus of articles of the general press dedicated to the creation of the museum “Louvre Abu Dhabi” as well as the polemic surrounding the project to respond to above mentioned interrogation
Yegnan, Angeline. "Les arcs musicaux d'Afrique dans quelques musées d'Europe : une étude organologique, acoustique, musicologique et ethnologique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040214.
Full textIf the mouthbow appears simple in its physical aspect, the research we have undertaken proves the opposite. In its basic form (a hooked branch held together by a strip), it contains a complex reality which could only be understood by considering the links which exist between the different elements which make up the bow. Its complexity can equally be perceived in the variety of musical bows, the uniqueness of each bow as well as the divergent techniques and circumstances under which they are played. The acoustic analysis of the sounds of this instrument reveals even more its complexity through the variety of the nature of the sounds, as well as their fluctuation that we have been able to observe through our study. Finally, through the meaning that the people give to this instrument, the complexity of the musical bow is even more blatant in the sense that it brings to bare an aspect of the social identity of the people to those who observe this instrument in the museums as well as those who keep them as private objects. If for some it is a simple instrument for entertainment, for others, it is a ritual object, a talking and mediatory instrument which encloses a deep and rich history of the people of Africa. It is our hope that our research will call for a deeper collaboration between the North and the South in such matters, a real desire to know the other based on values and not on prejudices
Gawin, Geoffroy. "Les évolutions des médiations testimoniales dans différents musées de la Résistance : du présentiel à l'audiovisuel." Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30044.
Full textThis research focuses on the evolution of cultural practices of testimonies in three museums dedicated to the French Resistance, situated in the cities of Bondues, Lyon, and Nantua. In the late decade, the last war witnesses who had used to share their memories in-person, coming to the museums, have been gradually ceasing their activities because of their age. This research aims to understand how this emptiness is being filled with new testimonial practices based on audiovisual technologies and how a link is being kept with the witnesses. The study found out that the history of each museum shapes the way how these institutions consider testimonies today. The analysis also revealed the common processes of mediation within the chain that can be defined as : Ŗtestimonial experiences with the in-person witness Ŕ conception of audiovisual mediations with testimonies Ŕ testimonial experiences with audiovisual devicesŗ: sensitivity, figures of Resistance veterans and territories. Thus, the sensitive connection with the former in-person witnesses is being kept through the way how each mediator pursues the video recordings. The way of handling videos appeared to be a major factor in the way of keeping track with the past witnesses and then, in the transmission of testimonies. As a consequence, it highlighted the importance of maintaining the diversity of cultural practices of mediators to preserve a sensitive connection with the past
Patin, Christelle. "Les restes humains dans les musées : anthropologie et histoire des collections françaises (XIXe-XXIe siècle)." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0608.
Full textSince 1990, human remains of anthropological collections in museums give rise to arguments. That thesis compare current historiographic interpretations to a precise reconstitution of the scientific and social life of French collections, till gathering of corpse, transportation, transformation, public display to current return. Anatomic body of Saartjie Baartman, the "Hottentot Venus", and the skull of the kanak leader Ataï, constitute both biographies of that research
Lawson, Laté Jean-Paul Cypriano. "La valorisation du patrimoine matériel dans les musées ouest-africain: conception d’une stratégie d’e-médiation culturelle." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/29718.
Full textEl, Sayed Badr Adel Mohamed Hassan. "L'effet de l'éducation moderne au musée dans le développement de l'expression sculpturale colorée des élèves du primaire." Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20015.
Full text@Throughout this thesis, the museum education has been studied into three parts: its evolution, its useful purpose, its influence. For ten years now, the museums' aim has been changing into an educational way from which the children profit by first. After a survey of French museums and cultural institutions, a comparison is made with museums in Egypt, the native country of the researcher. The colored sculpture is the principal subject of this research because it was the result of an experience realized with five grade's children. The two classes concerned were different on several points, for example social background, but they all had the same pleasure in working on the subject. The result has been globally positive: the children were very proud of their own sculptures. Three techniques have been used to make these sculptures: wax, mesh and concrete which correspond to the techniques used in the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Rennes. The impact of museum education on children's work in this case has been scientifically analysed. This research demonstrates that this kind of pedagogic work with educators and artists could be more present in the future. It really had a good influence on these children; what's more, we can reasonably think that talented children might be discovered, who couldn't have been showed otherwise
Vol, Alexandra. "Pratiques et représentations d'utilisateurs de "sites-musées" : modes d'appropriation d'un dispositif techno-sémiotique et propositions de genres éditoriaux." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA082429.
Full textSanchez-Iborra, Corinne. "La médiation face à l’école : vers une typologie des médiateurs culturels dans les Musées et Centres d’art." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20034.
Full textThis thesis proposes to develop a typology of artistic and cultural mediators by a socio-historical-inspired approach. These categories will take into account the diversity and the dynamic nature of this occupation in constant evolution. We will examine the function of cultural and artistic mediator, at the intersection of the world of culture and the world of school, by studying historically, a corpus of texts of reference, as well as the exercise of the mediator function in France. We will contextualize this analysis, observing styles of artistic and cultural mediators in mediations in the presence of schoolchildren and their effects. At the heart of our problem, we will examine the border between transmission and mediation. The thesis will conclude on a proposal for favourable indicators at a full meeting of students with work art
Alcalde, Maxence. "Transgression et institution, un paradoxe artistique : 1980-2000." Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00173681.
Full textThate, Heidrun. "La fondation des musées sous Napoléon : culture et politique dans les territoires frontaliers annexés : Bruxelles, Genève et Mayence." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H042.
Full textThis study explores the distribution of paintings by the French government during the periods of the Directory, Consulate, and the Napoleonic Empire. An examination of public archives resulted in the reconstitution of correspondences between local officials (such as themayor and the prefect) and central powers (administrators at the Louvre Museum and the Minister of the Interior). This research highlights the particular policies of the Minister of the Interior Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1756-1832), and sheds light upon the birth of provincial museums (musées de province). The chronology of these national shipments of paintings from1798 to 1814 demonstrates that there are different moments and different kinds of cultural transfers. Only shipments issued under the decree of Fructidor 14 year IX (1 September 1801)and those of the additional order of Fructidor 16 year X (3 September 1802) resulted in the creation of museums upon completion. The history and vagaries of these shipments also reflect the ideology and political beliefs of Chaptal, author and initiator of these two decrees.From 1803 on, this ministerial policy was challenged by the Director of the NapoleonMuseum (Directeur général du Musée Napoléon), Dominique-Vivant Denon (1747-1825),who did not share the Minister’s point of view. At the same time, the first signs of prefectural cultural policy began to appear. The integration of the three towns, Brussels, Geneva and Mainz, under the artistic redistribution of Fructidor 14, was not so much a sign of political assimilation but rather a general desire to appease the nation and achieve national unity -especially important to Napoleon Bonaparte
Ricci, Giada. "L’espace muséographique au Japon : concepts et spécificités de la mise en exposition des œuvres dans les musées d’art." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLP003.
Full textAt the crossroads of disciplines such as architecture, museology, museum-scenography, history of museums and architecture, aiming to go beyond the historical approach and the simple description, this research studies the museum space in art museums in Japan. Since the appearance in the Japanese vocabulary of the word "art museum", bijutsukan, on the occasion of Japan’s first participation in the World Exposition in Vienna, 1873, the 21st century museums have evolved towards the expression of Japan’s very own aesthetic and cultural values. This research examines the museums evolution over time, between aesthetic experience and sociability, through the study of museums, exhibitions typologies, and models of spatial distribution. The premodern Japanese architecture developed particular forms of creation and construction, including a spatiality open to the landscape, which can also be found in contemporary achievements. In this respect, research is based on pre-Meiji traditions in religious and domestic architecture, as well as the display of artworks and objects. The approach to the status of museum exhibit and the notion of national treasure, kokuhō, as well as the museum space and its relation to the art museum collections, are considered in parallel with certain aspects of traditional housing, such as the codified placement of paintings and art objects in the tokonoma. Current architectural and museum practices are studied through different aspects of the museums layout and exhibition design: from the museum’s architecture to the exhibition space, up to the perception of the artworks. The exhibition is understood as a communication of meaning, the museum space as a cultural and physical space, imbued with symbols, from the classical approach to display, purely aesthetic, to contemporary evolution towards a conceptual space of interpretation. The reading of the museum space as a communicator of meaning and of the exhibition route as space-time passes by the definition of terms and spatial notions, as an expression of a way of thinking the space. In order to understand the link between the artworks and the museographic space, perceived as a medium of content, this research considers the spatial device and the modes of display in their specificities. The museum is a public space where intimacy must be created with the work on display. Thus the exhibition spaces are charged to the visitor with an almost emotional value. Japanese literature helps to shed light on this aspect of museum perception in Japanese society and imagination. Through a work of simplification and synthesis in the design of spaces, by resuming certain spatial practices of premodern architecture, museums in Japan have developed specific modalities for the creation and construction of space. Building by revisiting tradition is the Japanese way to revive heritage in the architecture and space of the museum, which is expressed in particular by the attention to nature, the location in the site and the choice of materials, the intimacy of the inner-outer relationship, the path and the articulation of spaces. Combining aesthetics and functionality, architectural and environmental quality, museographic quality and conservation of works, museums and contemporary museum installations, often the work of internationally renowned Japanese architects, are thus exemplary and coherent achievements, successfully experimenting an architecture of complex interrelations, in a museum vision open to visitors, sensations and the world