Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Communication en politique – Pays de l'Union européenne'
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Dacheux, Éric. "La Communication persuasive intra-communautaire : communiquer autrement dans la communauté européenne de demain." Rennes 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN20002.
Full textHow to create persuasive ways of communicating capable of changing attitudes or behaviours in a multicultural population amongst the countries of the european communty? The corporate presidents, the european comminttee and the non governmental associations all respond to this question in one and the same way. By talking advantage of the communication agencies. However these agencies employ a large range of persuasive techniques that reinforce the habits of consumption, but are unable to provoke deep and durable behavioural changes. These techniques created for and by the lucrative sector meet the industrial managers requirements (widen the range of the European economy) but do not allow the European committee ant the ngo to obtain their respective goals : to create an intercultural European union, and to provoke an anti productive cultural revolution. In fact, the European social actors who pursue non lucrative objectives have to starting tomorrow forgo a persuasive communication, that plays on the subconscience of the consumer, in order to create a new persuasive communication model, that enlists the conscious participation of the European citizen. True persuasive communication is not education, it is creation
Amiel, Frédérick. "L'exemption culturelle." Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21029.
Full textBen, Messaoud Moez. "Les relations de la Tunisie avec l'Union européenne : la communication au service de l'image de la Tunisie auprès des pays sud méditerranéens de l'UE depuis 1987." Paris 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA020042.
Full textAll countries have always needed to communicate one another. Tunisia as one of these countries, has been trying to combine strategies and means of communication, in order to devolp its relationship with foreign countries and espicially with south european countries that's mean france, italy, spain and portugal. As it has no studies investigating the tunisian image close to these countries, we've shosen to lead our investigation to know how people in south european countries perceive the tunisian image. Our research has revealed that tunisia has a positive image close to south european countries. It has also revealed that tunisian communication with these countries, was changed from "personal communication" to "conventional, communication", associated to a microcommunication, since 1987. Eventually, it seems interesting to know, whether in the future, tunisia will introduce new strategies and means to communicate with other european countries, in order to be able to devolp its economy, despite some existing roadblocks. 1 image with capital "i" concerns political, economical and social aspects
Delcourt, Barbara. "La reconnaissance conditionnelle des républiques yougoslaves: un test de politique étrangère européenne? Analyse politologique d'un discours juridicisé." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211686.
Full textKustosz-Cambier, Isabelle. "Institutionnalisation de l'activité de recherche à travers le cas du programme cadre de recherche et de développement technologique de l'Union européenne." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL12012/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyse how the EU’s Framework Programme for research leads to the institutionalization of research activities, imposing management tools and consequently a powerful pattern on the design of public research policies. The result of this institutionalization is that levels of governance are affected beyond the European level. This analysis uses three concepts to consider successively three kinds of actors involved in this FP. The first concept is public policy instrumentation at the macro level. I explain how and why European policy makers offer the FP and how this establishes a particular way to bind science and society. I argue that this utilitarian binding favours technical tools which force research communities to adapt. Institutionalization is a concept which allows us to understand the isomorphism which encourages intermediate operators (Member states and sub-national actors, such as regional authorities and public research organizations) both to legitimize and to reproduce this instrument. In doing so, they contribute to the standardization of programing and funding research policies. Finally, by using the regulation concept, the micro level can be analysed within which the FP is implemented by research communities and individual researchers themselves. I show how organizational constraints and values conflicts are overcome and the leading to effects on strategic actions and particular forms of acceptance
Bardou-Boisnier, Sylvie. "Communication et politiques d'aménagement du territoire régional : analyse comparative des régions Bade-Wurtemberg, Catalogne, Lombardie et Rhône-Alpes." Grenoble 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE39026.
Full textPaparouni, Evgenia. "La rhétorique des institutions européennes: le débat sur les perspectives financières 2007-2013." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209385.
Full textAlthough the EU is a privileged point of focus for political science studies, its discursive activity has not received all the attention it deserves. This corpus analysis adopts a descriptive approach, based on the Neo-Aristotelian trend in argumentation theory, by using both analytical categories of classical rhetoric and (emic or etic) categories that belong to the conceptualization of the debate entertained by its own participants. The corpus consists of public interventions by representatives of the three main EU Institutions (Commission, European Council and Parliament). The speeches were pronounced between June and December 2005. Since it is discussed every seven years, the topic of the Financial Perspectives offers the possibility of making diachronic comparisons; it also allows identifying values, projects and means of the European construction at a rhetorical level. The last six months of 2005 followed two significant events: the conflicting attitudes of European Governments regarding the Iraq war and the rejection of the Constitutional Treaty by referendums.
In the absence of any other metaphysical or natural foundation, the technocratic enterprise provides the European project with a rational and secular justification that is not always assumed as such, though, by the presidents of the Commission. The conceptual metaphors stemming from the preambles to the treaties convey the idea that European integration will be achieved by triggering a gradual process that should lead to the realization of an ultimate aim.
From a rhetorical point of view, the Financial Perspectives are in need of legitimacy. In 2005, the rhetorical invocation of dates/milestones, abundantly used by former presidents of the Commission, does not seem to work anymore. Both the requirement of unanimity in the legislative procedure and the habitus of European deliberation make it necessary to find an agreement; this consequently promotes “consensus” as a meta-communicational argument. The notion of a “consensus” runs against such theoretical (epistemological) and pragmatic objections that it proves imperious to wonder about its origin and roots. One should take into account not only scholarly conceptions of “consensus” (Habermas, the Deliberative Democracy movement), but also naïve and popular visions of it.
The EU Institutions are aware of the difficulty they meet in awakening citizens’ interest, and they have developed their Communication Policy in order to give themselves the means to overcome this obstacle. A systematic reflection on their strategy should take into account the divergent opinions of Moravscik and Hix, as well as the possibility of grounding the EU project anew on a revival of ancient homonoïa.
DISCLAIMER. The content of this thesis represents solely the views of its author and cannot in any circumstances be regarded as the official position of the European Commission.
Résumé
Quoique l’Union Européenne (UE) soit un objet de prédilection pour les politologues, son activité discursive n’a pas reçu toute l’attention méritée.
La thèse offre une analyse de corpus effectuée sur base d’une grille de lecture incluant des catégories rhétoriques étiques et émiques. Elle adopte une approche descriptive puisée dans le versant néo-aristotélicien de l’étude de l’argumentation. Le corpus a été constitué d’interventions publiques tenues par les représentants des trois principales Institutions Européennes (Commission, Conseil Européen, Parlement Européen) entre juin et décembre 2005. Le sujet des Perspectives Financières, débattu à intervalles réguliers, permet des comparaisons diachroniques ;il permet aussi de contraster les valeurs, les projets et les moyens de la construction européenne. La conjoncture des six derniers mois de 2005 présente la particularité supplémentaire que le projet de Traité Constitutionnel venait d’être rejeté et que les gouvernements européens s’étaient auparavant divisés sur l’intervention en Irak.
En l’absence d’un fondement métaphysique ou naturel, l’entreprise technocratique fournit au projet politique européen une justification rationnelle et laïcisée, même si elle n’est pas assumée explicitement en tant que telle par tous les présidents de la Commission. Les métaphores conceptuelles mobilisées dans les préambules des traités traduisent le fait que l’unification européenne devrait s’accomplir à la fois par l’entremise de réalisations progressives et à travers la poursuite d’un objectif lointain.
Sur le plan rhétorique, les Perspectives Financières sont en manque d’une légitimité emblématique. La clause des rendez-vous, des étapes cruciales, abondamment utilisée dans le passé par les présidents de la Commission, cesse de fonctionner en 2005. La nécessité d’un accord, issue tant de la lettre de la procédure législative par unanimité que de la coutume des délibérations, est devenue matière à un argument méta-communicationnel qui en est arrivé à englober toute circonstance susceptible de faciliter le « consensus ». Cette dernière notion soulève des réticences théoriques (épistémologiques) et pragmatiques qui imposent de s’interroger sur son origine. La problématisation que nous avons opérée tient compte non seulement des conceptions savantes du « consensus » (Habermas, courant de la Démocratie Délibérative), mais aussi de ses variantes populaires ou vulgarisées.
Les Institutions Européennes sont conscientes de la difficulté qu’il y a à motiver l’intérêt citoyen, et elles ont voulu, à travers leur Politique de Communication, se donner les moyens de dépasser cet obstacle. La thèse mène, à ce propos, une réflexion plus générale qui tient compte des avis opposés de Moravcsik et Hix, et d’une éventuelle refondation dans l’homonoïa de la rhétorique classique.
DISCLAIMER. Le contenu de cette thèse représente le point de vue de son seul auteur et ne peut en aucune circonstance être considéré comme la position officielle de la Commission Européenne.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Cattan, Nadine. "La mise en réseau des grandes villes européennes." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010518.
Full textThe largest cities are privileged points for network setting and for spatial integration. They had the advantage of a faster qualitatif development and thus improved their position in their national urban system, developed their capacity and extended their role to the european scale. Their geographical situation is modified. Before analysing the dynamics which structure nowadays the european space, we define and delimitate, in a first step, homogeneous european urban units. We caracterize, in a second step, the relative situations of the European large cities in the economic and demographic structure of the network they constitute. We study finally the interurban relations, air and rail relations, which represent a sensitive indicator of change, of hierarchical resetting and of the dynamics which take place at this scale
Houdoux, Charles. "Intérêts et limites d'une campagne d'information auprès des citoyens européens sur la prévention des risques liés au cancer au plan communautaire." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05P018.
Full textVlachou, Charikleia. "La coopération entre les autorités de régulation en Europe (communications électroniques, énergie)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020055/document.
Full textThe cooperation among regulatory authorities in the field of electronic communications and energy takes place against the background of the transformation of the european administration in the last two decades. Its institutional design bears the mark of the europeanisation of regulators through the harmonisation brought about by EU law and the diffusion of best practices. The cooperation among regulatory authorities is formalised on the basis of a primary law that is vague. It is also marked by ambiguity with regard to the delegation of pouvoirs on a European level. In the sectors of energy and electronic communications, it reflects the « hybrisation » of two models of governance, European agencies and networks, giving birth to a powerful « network agency » in the field of energy-the ACER- and a weak « agenciarised network » in the field of electronic communications- the BEREC. The control of the acts of these two organisms in a « Union of law » is ensured by the Cour of justice of the European Union which is, however, difficult to accessfor individuals. In this context, the European Ombudsman demonstrates a real potential as a complementary forum of control. Against a priori hypotheses with respect to the democratic deficit of the European Union, the European Parliament effectively ensures the democratic control of ACER and BEREC. Even if its means of political control are largelyinformal and should be better defined, the control it exercices in the context of the budgetary discharge procedure is capable of transforming the institutional design of the above mentioned organisms
Tucny, Edwige. "L'Union européenne et la conditionnalité politique." Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE21034.
Full textHavy, Valérie. "La politique de l'Union européenne en matière de stupéfiants." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100076.
Full textBecause drug consumption, although prohibited, retains such an appeal, a large number of states and institutions – the E. U. Among others – have opted for strict regulations. However what impact can a drug policy for the whole Union have on the policy of each one of its member states in this particular field ? A study of the legislation underlying the action of the Union will shed light on the powers the Union can resort to to impose a strategy of its own. Then, a close look at the way the Union's drug policy is organized will make it possible to define the role the Union can play in that matter. In addition, studying the contents of this policy which is founded both on prevention - by fighting against the demand for drugs – and repression – by trying to eradicate the offer - will show the extent to which the action of the E. U. Still depends on the will of each member state
Syed, Hélène. "Marché du travail européen, politique européenne de mobilité du travail et contribution d’une politique migratoire européenne rénovée." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL12020/document.
Full textThis thesis presents an analysis of the intra-European mobility of European workers and citizens and of third country nationals (TCNs), focusing on the issues of building a European labor market. We are mainly interested in the opportunity of a link between intra-European mobility policies for workers and the European migration policy. The first part of the thesis is predominantly analytical. It characterizes the current situation of the European Union, its mobility patterns, its migration systems and regimes as well as the articulation with its national labor markets. The European situation is compared to the leading immigration countries outside EU. This analysis is conducted with an ongoing effort to go beyond the aggregate data, which may hide important national differences between Member States, and even marked divergences. Using this analysis, the second part is devoted to a critical review of the current European public policies for the promotion of intra-EU mobility of workers, leading to recommendations. The third part combines theoretical and empirical approaches for studying three dimensions of intra-EU mobility. In the first chapter, the study of the determinants of foreign recruitment reveals some specific features of the firms recruiting abroad, beyond the characteristics of the jobs. In the second chapter, we show that the current version of the European blue card cannot be efficient: one of the main reasons for this inefficiency is the lack of articulation with expanded rights for intra-European mobility of holding a blue card. Finally, the study of student mobility confirms the cumulative nature of mobility and polarization of the most qualified
Eberhard, Harribey Laurence. "La politique européenne de jeunesse depuis la fin des années soixante : comprendre une politique européenne au regard de la dualité institutionnelle Conseil de l'Europe - Union européenne." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000IEPP0023.
Full textCornier, Thomas. "La durabilité urbaine dans l'Union européenne." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUEL018.
Full textSustainable urban development is a major topic for all international organizations as far as the local level. Research concerning environment in city is not a new phenomena but the interest for the environmental or sustainable city was developed in parallel of its emergence in European institutions and international summits, supposed to make cities more sustainable, in particular with European sustainable cities and towns conference and growing interest towards Agenda 21. Even if international organizations (among which first, European Union) and States haven't visible action nor proactive, they allow cities to cooperate under international cities associations. Nowadays, the major stake is to permit cities to adapt their discourse to reality and some organizations and institutes specialized in environment elaborate Sustainable city prize lists in the form of rankinks. Far from considering it is the best option because of subjective nature of these evaluations, we have to suggest alternatives which would allow institutions to know the cities best practises and the choices operated by cities to lead a sustainable development policy. Do we one or several sustainable urban development design in European Union ? Through eighteen indicators and on a sample of fifty-three cities, we strive to answer this question. We realize that there are more than ten approaches of urban sustainability in EU. Three examples of cities, like Gothenburg, Brussels and Barcelona, revealing by their characteristics, strengthen this idea of differences between discourse and action, this way being difficult to achieve, indeed often unfinished but each city has to act according to its identity, develop ambitious planning projects but with the permanent idea to follow targets of all fields linked to sustainability
Weber, Valérie. "Analyse de la politique agricole structurelle communautaire et évaluation de son efficacité." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOE011.
Full textThe research takes place in a concern of an evaluation of the common structural agricultural policy and an analysis of its efficiency (it means its ability to reach the expected objectives). The results of the implementation of the main measures of the commun structural agricultural policy (investments aids, aids to the youngs farmer, subsidies for the natural handicaps, aids to the early retirement) in the twelve member countries of the community, during the 1989-1992 period, are almost always disappointing : the result hare seldom reached the initial objectives. The reasons of the obvious weakness of the efficiency of the four studied measures are : - that theirs objectives are numerous and contradictory. - that the assumptions which are the basis of the community interventions (ie : the actions theories) and the choice of the concerned population, are not always based on real economic justifications. - that the aera of the community interventions is restricted in the aera of the agricultural structures (mainly to financial aids) regard to the importance of the legal, social and fiscal policies (which are within the sole competence of the member countries) and to the common prices support policy over the farm structures dynamics. - that some of the member countries are relunctant to put into practice some of these measures according to theirs own means and priorities. The results of carried evaluation give us information about how to conceive and how to implement the common structural agricultural policy, what could make its measures more efficient in the future
Trascu, Lucia Constanta. "La politique de développement durable des transports dans l'Union européenne." Toulouse 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU10060.
Full textTaking in account sustainable development into the common transport policy globally shows new dynamics of the objectives in the political and law European system. At the sector level, the integration of environment and safety protection accompanies the realization of the internal market and shows and enlargement of the transport policy interial field. Furthermore, the driving force of the strategy of sustainable mobility includes the transport policy into political synergies creating a new police of economic, social and territorial cohesion and new rights for the transport consumers. At the global level of the Community law this system shows a new European conception concerning objectives of general interest, protecting them as Community objectives, but also legitimating a "better internal market"
Daou, Ali Ousmane. "La politique fiscale de la Commission européenne." Paris 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA020084.
Full textA fiscal policy couldn't be implemented of an economic area as large as the european union. Nevertheless, the conditions of the rome conncil rules of 1956 had barely issued a fiscal framework for the overconning european economic union. They are essentially limiting in the measures told in the articles 95 to 99. This is explained by the way that the first fiscal policy corresponded to a community conception limited. This is after begining of the community that it has developped its fiscal policy. It has to the evolution of a community which, from framework for economic union, became an economical and monetary union. In fact, fiscality appears like a priviliged meaning of the governmental action on the economics behavior. Political leaders raise their interventions in production and exchange relations of people and collectivities in multiplying selective fiscal measures. By the way that politics take every year more new measures than they abolish old ones, the fiscal system tends to look like a aera where the ordinary citizen is lost. This situation is common for all the state - members of the european union
Papakonstadis, Markos. "La Grèce et la politique étrangère de l'Union Européenne." Nancy 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN20012.
Full textChapon, Séverine. "Les systèmes sociaux à l'épreuve de l'intégration européenne." Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE21012.
Full textGutierrez, Raymond. "La politique étrangère européenne : contribution à l'analyse d'une diplomatie européenne commune de l'Union européenne." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON10036.
Full textAmiel, Olivier. "Le financement public du cinéma dans l'Union européenne." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32050.
Full textPublic financing of the cinema is a face of cultural politics that deals with the support of its cinematography for both economic and social reasons. The world domination of Hollywood gives rise to this support. In Europe, we are familiar with only one division of competences for public financing of the cinema: action from the European Union combined with that of its member states. The latter began their policies regarding public financing of the cinema at a very early date (totalitarian regimes from the beginning of the 20th Century) contrary to the European Community with the Masstricht Treaty in 1993 (birth of the European Union and widening of the Common Market’s sensitivity to include domains such as culture). Each of the two mediators have their own frame of reference composed of direct and indirect aid; the Union doubles its frame of reference with a control of state financing, notably with regard to the principle of “non discrimination”. This division of competences is an organisational model of public financing of the cinema, but it is widely contested in the name of economic liberalism, above all at an international level (Global Organisation for Business). The model’s defence is based on “cultural diversity” (freedom to support one’s cultural expressions and the obligation to help others do so too). This defence takes into consideration the model in European integration. However, Europe is often happy to only defend its cinema, by using cultural diversity as a legal pretext. The European model for public financing of the cinema must not become an imperialism, it must transcend and offer a large policy. Image is carrier of civilizing projection and transmission, its plurality must be defended. Public financing of the cinema represents an element of this defence
Duflos, de Saint Amand Amaury. "Communauté européenne et culture." Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX32007.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study integration of culture in the european community mechanism. Its first part consiste in a legal investigation of the eec's competence in cultural matters. Indeed, the economic and social mission of the european community, specified within the eec's treaties and european law, has to be respected in the cultural matters treatment. The second chapter explains the economic dimension of culture and the cultural dimension of economy. The second part of this thesis proves that culture could become a basic component of the communautary dynamic process in the future. Besides, culturally speaking, eec is able to become a regional economic organization model open to the rest of the world and to be attractive to european citizens
Bachellerie, Adeline. "Essai sur l'intégration régionale et la politique budgétaire." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010042.
Full textLombardo, Marco. "Les Principes généraux de la politique énergétique européenne." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2010/LOMBARDO_Marco_2010.pdf.
Full textThe thesis analyzes the link between the internai and the external dimension of EU energy law with the alm to evaluate the efficacy and the coherence of the EU energy policies in a global and integrated approach. To this extent, the research deals with the evolution of the EU competence on the ground of energy matters and try to define the main principle of the EU energy policv and the limits of the national regulatlOn In the energy field. Despite the role of energy goods for the workable competition, for the envlronmental protectIOn goals and for secunty of supplies, this work underlines the absence in the doctnnal debate of a sufficlent elaboration of energy matters in an systematic and organic context
Richez-Battesti, Nadine. "Espace social et intégration européenne." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX24006.
Full textCan european integration be realised without a european social policy, with an unified economic space and diverse social protection systems ? The historical approach of social protection system in european countries shows a homogeneisation-differenciation trend, and lead to the definition of a west european pattern of social protection. Conditions of emergency and realisation of european social dimension can be steady. Paradoxically, in liberal analysis as for heterodox approaches, closeness of social dimension for countries is necessary. Only means to reach this "standard" would be different. Never the some maintains that social have to remain at the state step, even though arguments for european social space tend to amplify, in way of internal cohesion and of european production of comparative advantage. The constraints enlargement, in term of demography and merchandisation dictate legislation proxility. The european social space construction is a necessary stage to contribute to european integration
Spina, Christian. "Analyse comparative de systèmes financiers, monnaie unique et financement de l'activité économique dans la zone euro." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0053.
Full textOur objective is to compare the financing process of growth in Europe and to determine whom is the more efficient. Before, we analyse the working of these systems. We conclure they are very different in spite of the evolution of the two past decades. Our chapter two show the economical, legal and over historical reasons of these diffrences and explain the actual working of the european systems. Our third chapter explain financing process of growth in these systems. We conclude that german system (with the existence of close relationships between a bank and a firm) is the most efficient system. Our last chapter present the structure of corporate ownerships in different european country. We see that german system (where banks are importante shareholders) is the most efficient system
Lambinet, Marc. "Le rôle de la politique régionale et de la régionalisation dans l'intégration de l'Europe." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100078.
Full textZang, Shumei. "Politique régionale européenne : réformes, impacts, exemplarité." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENSF0056.
Full textThis dissertation unfolds the study of EU regional policy by looking at two compelling spheres: reforms and impacts. EU regional policy, from taking shape back to 1970’s, has been through several mile-stone reforms in 1988, 1999 and 2004-2006, before it stands quite competent and mature nowadays. The study of impacts lies in three dimensions: one is economy and social impact, two, the territorial and spatial impact, three, the institutional impact. The economy, social and territorial impact reflects that, judging by the EU herself and taking into consideration of neoclassical economics theory, endogenous economic growth theory and new geographical economics theory by economists, no conclusion optimistic enough can be arrived when the EU regional policy is under scrutiny. Generally the disparity among EU states has been decreased while the same is increased to regions within every state. The “institution impact” can be described by the “regionalization” of member states under the efforts of EU. The difficulty in European “regionalization” processes makes us thinking about the relative position of ‘regional’ level and the “multi-level governance”. At last but not the least, European regional policy could shed some “enlighten thinking” to regional development in China
Bruno, Isabelle. "Déchiffrer l'"Europe compétitive" : étude du benchmarking comme technique de coordination intergouvernementale dans le cadre de la stratégie de Lisbonne." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0036.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the political implications of using benchmarking as a technique of intergovernmental co-ordination in the framework of the Lisbon strategy. The first part the course of this managerial tool, developed by Japanese industry in the fifties, and then codified by quality management in the United States. Imported in state administration by the New Public Management, this means of steering and monitoring organizations has spread in the European Union through the Industry DG and the ERT. In March 2000, the heads of state or government set benchmarking as the centerpiece of a decennial program, in order to make the EU « become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world ». Cornerstone of the « open method of co-ordination, benchmarking consists in assessing comparatively national performances. This exercise is based on statistical indicators, scoreboards and international charts. By mediating the intergovernmental relations, it is supposed to generate emulation and prompt decision-makers to arrange business-friendly regulatory environment. The second part presents two empirical case studies which shed light on the way benchmarking guides the European construction. The one shows how it shapes the « European Research Area » as a competitiveness-oriented market. The other brings out its failures as a social inclusion catalyst
Wu, Zhenglin. "L'Union monétaire européenne et politiques budgétaires." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993IEPP0014.
Full textTo realize, emu, each European country must male effort. Emu put many questions about monetary and budgetary policies in the EEC. The coordination of economic policies between member states is in the heart of debate about emu. The dissertation provides a comparison of European countries's budgetary policies since 1960s until the end of 1980s. It is pointed out that the EEC countries are very different from each other in the field, because every country has a structure of public spending and fiscal tax, and EEC advise to various countries the orientation of policy based on different criterion. That is why the initial coordination of budgetary policies in Europe was not systematic. The dissertation synthesizes theory relative to coordination of budgetary policies, and the conclusion argues that emu must be built at several speeds
Humbert-Droz, Swezey Annie. "Europe et politique culturelle scientifique : face à la société de l'information, la culture scientifique facteur d'identité européenne? du traité de Rome (1957) au traité d'Amsterdam (1997 ; ratification 1999) quarante ans de politique." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100061.
Full textFazlibegovic, Senadin. "L'agriculture yougoslave face à la politique agricole commune." Grenoble 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE21031.
Full textThe 6thesis explores by a comparative method the state of agriculture and agricultural protection in yugoslavia and european community since late fifthies. It analize aspecially the commercial aspects of relations between two parties in this sector giving the directions in which these relations should move in future for benefit of all. A particular attention is granted to adapting of yugoslav agriculture ot the new situation caused by european unification and probable consequences of the uruguay round. The community is considerred as twelve countries from the very begining of its constitution in order to permit a long series' comparaison in the field of economic and protectionnist performances
Senemek, Nuri. "La Politique commerciale endogène : les enseignements de l'expérience européenne (1982-1996)." Lille 1, 2003. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/a00647e2-2482-44ae-a8f4-721c636308b2.
Full textLaffont, del Cardayre Catherine. "La politique commerciale de la CEE vis-à-vis du Japon." Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX32006.
Full textIn front of the growing imbalance in the trade exchanges between e. E. C. And japan, the e. E. C. Tried to restore its exclusive competence in the field of commercial policy, to normalize the japan - e. E. C. Relations. To achieve this aim, the e. E. C. Came up against divergent policies of the member states and difficulties to cause the opening of japanese market. The community couldn't limit the multiplication of national protecting actions taken by the multiplication of national protecting actions taken by the member states, without carrying itself a defensive strategy to offer a sectorial protection for the community market. This defensive strategy represente the "protectionist" dimension of the commercial policy, as opposed to the "liberal" dimension leading to the opening of the japanese market, and may be strengthened in view ef the 1992 single european market
Kountouris, Nikolas. "La construction de la politique communautaire en matière d'asile : enjeux, luttes et dynamiques institutionnelles." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32082.
Full textIn chronological terms the European asylum policy is extremely recent. Nevertheless, asylum is in the centre of different European multi-actors negotiations for more than 25 years. This policy touches the heard of the national State traditional functions. Equally, the European asylum policy constitutes an example of the process of construction of a more political Europe. Can we identify in this cas a new European public policy overtaking the traditional logics of a construction of national public problems? That could be one of the questions tackled in this study. The purpose of this research is to understand on one hand why asylum, a subject very closely linked with national sovereignty, figures in the agenda of the European public policies. How this policy was negotiated and created by diffrent actors and which were their logics of action. Futhermore, our analysis of the creation process of the European asylum policy has as a purpose to contribute to the understanding of the logics of public actions in a new European policy sector called "Justice and Home Affairs"
Castor, Catherine. "Le principe démocratique dans le droit de l'Union européenne." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020065.
Full textSintes, Gilles. "L'affirmation d'une politique sociale communautaire." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON10010.
Full textThe european social policy is often presentedas a catalogue of meazsures to realize an economic objective : the creation of an internal market. Today, this affirmation must be questionned, because the construction of an european social space is becam the keystone of the emergence for an european citizenship. The constitution of this social space will give a supplement of soul to the european commubity. Today, social structural policy and social legislation bound to the mobility of the persons are very developed, but now, and it is one of the stakes of the community charter of fundamental social rights for workers and of the treaty of politic union, it will be necessary to elaborate according to the principle of subsidirity of wich the construction is realy starting today, third element, of wich the construction is realy starting today, allows us to conclude to the affirmation of a structured social policy. This passage from a catalogue of social rights to an organized policy is fundamental to the successful project of a common european citizenship, conceived as a final objective by the founders of the european community
BONNET, ANNIE. "Les transferts publics a l'agriculture et la recomposition de la politique agricole dans la communaute europeenne, 1980-1992." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT4019.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the study of the changing role of the cap (commun agricultural policy) which has taken place during the eighteens and from which the reform emerged in may 1992. This analysis is built on a thorough investigation of the evolution and the structure of eaogf (european agricultural orientation and guaranteed fund) expenditures since 1980 until the first beginning of the reform. Data processing consists on the identification of a financial amount by main action or political measure, by country and for each year of the observed period. The analysis has been carried out throught both sides : the first one is the global evolution of the common agricultural budget and the ways ec financial participation could be mobilized and the second one concerns the different national strategies to appropriate cap instruments. Moreover, this prospect throught both budgets and political means reveal four main issues : (1) strong presence of the market adjustment which hides less and less the backward movement of the traditional interventions on markets and in modernization, (2) the emergence of various problems linked to the crisis and to new political concerns (environment,. . . ) which turns policy to take into account all these issues in a new coherence, (3) the development of compensation process which both concerns the cap and a more global question of regional balance of equity and (4) the permanence of national political specificities in spite of 30 years of cap. The question of the nature and the justification of state intervention in agriculture is mentionned
Cornil, Celia. "La télévision européenne : un espace sans frontières." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010298.
Full textTelevision occupies a prime position in our society. As it can transmit an event immediately to a billion people, television is a mean of communication, which affects the masses and has a considerable impact. Intemationalization of the audiovisual field, televisual as well as cinamatographic, and the influence of the new technologies, gave birth to the making of a community policy, specific to the audiovisual. The european community started in the 80's to take a number of initiatives in the television field. Television programs have been considered by the european community court of justice as services, which require free circulation between member states. The european audiovisual space, without frontiers, means the establishment of a fluid market permitting the circulation of goods and services. This should be a way to implemente the economic and cultural policies of member states. The purpose of the creation of a european space without frontiers is to facilitate the exploitation of audiovisual programs coming from the national market of the european union. As the european offer is not competitive enough, the community policy comes with measures to protect and promote the production of european programs against imported audiovisual programs, especially from the united states. This measures are specified in the "television without frontiers" directive from october 3, 1989, modified by the one from june 30, 1997, which forecasts that european channels must reserve a major proportion of their broadcasting time to european programs. This provision will disappear as soon as european producers will improve their competitivity and be in a position to create programs corresponding to the quality criteria required by european channels. In order to create a space without frontiers for european television, regulations which have to be harmonious between the different countries of the union have to be established. At the same time, the cultural identity of each state has to be respected as the protection of television watchers - particularly the youngest - against the potential dangers television can represent
Gesson, Claire. "Les politiques financières familiales dans l'Union Européenne : de l'hétérogénéité vers une convergence des modèles." Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT3013.
Full textFamily policy is generally presented as an element of social policy destined to give public support to the family, regarded as the core cell of society. All member states of the European Union offer this type of support which takes the form of financial allowances due to the family. However, the comparison between european national family policies shows a wide heterogeneity of the basis and financial means of theses policies. There is not one but several model of family policy in Europe. The existing differences in conceptions and implementations of family policy are receding under the influence of a dual movement. On the one hand, similar changes touching the social and financial systems operate a convergence of family policies in Europe. On the other hand, the European Union has progessively taken charge of the issue of family support, which has brought about an harmonisation of national family policies
Jacquot, Sophie. "L'action publique communautaire et ses instruments : la politique d'égalité entre les femmes et les hommes à l'épreuve du gender mainstreaming." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. https://spire.sciencespo.fr/notice/2441/5407.
Full textUntil the 1990s, the European gender equality policy has been characterized by an ‘exception model’: women are considered as a special group; Community action is mainly regulatory and limited to the employment sphere; the gender equality policy community is restricted and committed to its cause; there are few but strongly-connected institutional structures. Since the 1990s, the European gender equality policy has been undergoing a process of change: the mechanisms have been progressive but the results have been of major significance. The change has been systematized and precipitated by gender mainstreaming (art. 3. 2. TEC) and the European gender regime has been profoundly disrupted. A new ‘anti-discrimination model’ can be observed: the women category is treated along with other social groups; soft law prevails and concerns all the EU’s fields of action; actors and institutions are numerous and diverse. The tension between the equality norm and the market norm which is specific to this policy has also undergone a change of nature: the two were complementary within the limit of equality in a market order while equality is now made instrumental so as to serve the market. This change of policy is revealed by a systematic tracing of the emergence, institutionalisation and implementation of gender mainstreaming and by the analysis of the interaction between instruments and actors. As a trans-sector and soft instrument, the study of gender mainstreaming also helps to enlighten some of the transformations of the European public action and governance (reflexivity, shift of constraint, civil society mobilization and participation control)
Aumand, Anthony. "Quelle politique de multifonctionnalité économiquement efficace pour l'Union européenne ?" Montpellier, ENSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENSA0032.
Full textPolo, Jean-François. "La Commission européenne : un espace de compromis : Le cas de la politique audiovisuelle européenne." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX32045.
Full textBaudin, Pierre. "La politique des marchés agricoles de la Communauté européenne." Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020100.
Full textThe european community has implemented a common organization for agricultural markets based essentially on a common prices policy. The application of common prices to a heterogenous structure of farms leads to an acceleration of agricultural dynamics. These dynamics are characterized by a growth of supply, due to the increase productivity and investment in large farms, which is faster than the growth of demand and the adjustment of the factors of production. To face the surplusses created by this evolution, the community has, firstly, used all the instruments for market management up to the limits of their possibilities and then, during the 80's, modified the forms of common organization for some agricultural markets. The original characteristics of the present study lie in the demonstration that the evolution from one form of market organization to an other follows a very precise pattern. This evolution tends, on the one hand, to allow the market a higher degree of freedom and, on the other hand, to modulate public intervention with direct aids to income. These direct aids are targetted on farmers rather than being proportional to production quantities. The current proposals for the reform of the common agricultural policy are in line with this evolution
Le, Roux David. "Les enjeux de la traduction dans une Europe plurilingue." Lorient, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORIL281.
Full textEurope may have fewer languages than other continents, but it remains highly multilingual at all levels. The European Union even runs the largest language services in the world, working today in 23 official languages. At the level of states, a translation activity can be observed among institutions too. Spain is an interesting example of it because it has six regions where four languages other than the national one are equally official: Basque, Catalan, Galician and Aranese. Besides international relationships and migrations, the Spanish state must therefore manage this autochthonous multilingualism. In the officially multilingual regions, there are also institutional translation units that can be compared to Brittany’s. Indeed the Regional Council of Brittany has recently established a language policy for Breton and Gallo. These institutional translation and interpretation units are an adequate field to study the activity. The system is regularly criticised because of its cost. But what are really those costs? And what can justify them? How does the service benefit institutions, elected representatives and citizens and why should this be defended through translation? This is how the ins and outs of translation will be accounted for in the present thesis. It results in distinguishing economic, sociolinguistic, glottopolitical and political stakes to which translation brings an invaluable contribution
Rey, Frédéric. "Les pouvoirs publics et le théâtre en Europe." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32016.
Full textSince Antiquity, public autjorities of Europe maintain dense and unique relations with theatrical activities. Beside the elaboration of the rules concerning the organization of public performances, public authorities can be censors, patrons, entrepreneurs of spectacles or initiators of policies for drama. Present study describes and compares contemporaries models and legislations adopted for theatrical activities in each country of Europe. The dissertation analyse simultaneously actions introduced by the European Union in order to promote cultural cooperation. It tries to identify the signs anouncing a possible "European theatrical policy"
Noireau, Jean-Pierre. "La communauté européenne et le tabac." Tours, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUR1008.
Full textRivalain, Jean-François. "Ukraine et Biélorussie: de l'Union soviétique à l'Union européenne : perspective et scenarii de l'adhésion de l'Ukraine et de la Biélorussie à l'Union européenne 1991-2006." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA4032.
Full textSince their independence in 1991, Ukraine and Belarus have found themselves to be in a contrast with regarding their European geography on the one hand and the geopolicy of the EU on the other, which has been largely devoted to the integration of the post-communist states through the mcchanism enlargement. The programmatic divide as conceived and implemented by the EU between the Central & Baltic Europe and their post-Soviet counterparts, has let to the establishment of fundamentally divergent evolutions for these Iwo continental macrocosms. The crucial point for this challenging development, and indeed the core of this study, is the fact that the Western part of the CIS de facto belongs to the European continent, and therefore it was de jure eligible for such EU accession. Therefore, we need to interpret the relationship the EU has pursued with the Western post-Sovie States in comparison - ifnot by contrast - with the policies the EU has adopted towards Central and Baltic Europe, as weil as for the previous or parallel geographies of enlargement. This process of enlargement stands for an example to analyse the structures maintained by Kyiv and Mensk with Brussels; its strength and its relevance foresee on the principle the accession of these capitals to the EU. The core of this thesis is indeed to regard such perspective of accession for these Iwo States as being irrepressible, due to its necessity and its attractiveness. The incompleteness - not to say the abortion - of their socio-economic and democratic transitions can be understood due to this initial and continuing lack of EU anchorage. To recoup these gaps necessarily requires the lever of EU prospect
Saliou, Virginie. "Gouverner la mer : jeux d'échelles et temporalités de l'action publique en Europe." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1G042.
Full textThis thesis analyses the government of the seas. Legally an area of state sovereignty, the sea has traditionally been addressed within sectoral policy approaches, and accorded little importance by public authorities. Today, however, the sea has emerged as a crucial area of public not only for national but also for subnational, European and international actors. This thesis accordingly discusses the construction of maritime policy in Europe from an interactional perspective, comparing policy processes within the Breton, French and European scenes. It re-evaluates the concept of government by identifying the European policy process as " polycentric and co-opetitive", where the negotiation of European compromise is a long-term process structured by the interpenetration of public policy scenes and the multi-positional strategies of policy actors. The production of European public policy is carried out within a framework of "co-opetition", a combination of cooperative and competitive actor strategies. Such a comparison enables a clearer understanding of the analogous processes between Commission, state and regional authorities in public policy elaboration, where territorial, technocratic, democratic and political arguments at once define and legitimise maritime policy. The study of maritime policy improves our understanding of the essentially symbolic politics of framing, and reveals how policies structure and condition both politics and polity in Europe