Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Communication informelle'
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Röcker, Carsten. "Awareness and informal communication in smart office environments." Taunusstein Driesen, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2864347&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
Full textTömmernes, Malin. ""En okrönt drottning" : En kvalitativ fallstudie om hur informella roller skapas och utvecklas genom kommunikation i en organisationskultur." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-26424.
Full textRanchier-Heutte, Elisabeth. "Transmissions informelles de savoirs : les leçons de vie." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT3001.
Full textIn an age of multiple and deep-seated transformations in the world, this thesis offers a first-hand account that is grounded in society. It is drawn both from practical experience of France's popular education movement and from reflections on the importance of informal conversations in daily life. Acting reciprocally between generations, such conversations allow, via a process of communicational interactivity(agir communicationnel) the development of bodies of knowledge that are of use in the business of human existence. Studying this process involves an exploration of interactions between the informal and the formal. Such interactions range between 'common' or vernacular knowledge of experience or existence; simple know-how (savoir-faire) and the instinct for transmitting information (faire-savoir), and, based on both of these, learned and theoretical knowledge, and the self-conscious construction of learning; and the transmission of knowledge between generations. The study of the oral transmission of knowledge is based on the examples of the pedagogical, and democratic, use of the conversation as a tool by Socrates; on the 'council-trees' of African tribes; and on the practice of Marc Sangnier at the beginning of the twentieth century. It demonstrates how speech in action, both as rhetoric (illocutoire) and as conversation (interlocutoire), as well as the synergy between the oral and the written word, builds links between individuals, within the social space of both public and private spheres, developing in the temporal dimension of daily life. To show this, this study relies on an age-graded sample of nine people (of between 20 and 80 years old) whose recorded conversations demonstrate how, as a function of social events, they involve themselves in, and ask themselves questions about, daily realities while at the same time developing a body of learning
Lessouba, Faustin. "Les TIC comme levier du développement au Congo‐ Brazzaville : le cas du téléphone mobile." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN20023/document.
Full textThis doctoral research aims to problematize ICT, connecting the mobile phone with the socioeconomic development in Congo - Brazzaville. It is the opportunity to oppose the discourses of institutional actors and practices user. We record our problem in CIS, which the "interdisciplinary nature can help to multiply the angles" (Loneux, 2007). We favor the scientific project of Harold Garfinkel, namely ethnomethodology, as an "analysis of ordinary ways to make that ordinary social actors mobilize to achieve their common shares" (Mucchielli, 2004). The notion of communication is at the heart of our reflexion : to understand the propensity of communicative activity to participate in reconfigurations of socio-organizational practices. Thus, our perspective of interpretation of reality seeks to overcome overt or unspoken presuppositions to reveal and discuss the new modes of ownership of the mobile phone in the new forms of organization of the socio-economic activities of the actors within a given environment. The discourse of legitimation of ICT Congolese officials is pure "dispossession of discursivity", (Serge Latouche, 1986). However, ICT can not serve the integral development unless people appropriate them in their daily lives. In this sense, the uses of the mobile phone cannot be considered as isolated but should be seen in their "entrenchement" in existing social practices of Congolese users. The results of this research thus aim to enrich the debates in SIC around new visions on the use of ICT
Holly, Werner. "Politikersprache : Inszenisierung und Rollenkonflikte im informellen Sprachhandeln eines Bundestagsabgeordneten /." Berlin : W. De Gruyter, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366548144.
Full textWestin, Kim. "Personalintern Kommunikation : En kartläggning av formella och informella strukturer vid hematologisk slutenvård." Thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170832.
Full textThe recent technological development within information technology has affected the structure of organisations and the organisation of work. In health care, and for several reasons, the need for communication audits has thus been highlighted. Patient safety may be risked by mistakes linked to deficiencies in information transfer. Often are hierarchical structures, unclear roles and gaps in information flows suggested causes. On the other hand, the health care sector often is considered as one of society's most complex knowledge organizations, characterized by intense information flows with traits linked to strong professions. Communication audits are accomplished with the objective to identify causes of ineffective communication, lack of explicit communication processes, to suggest improvements and provide management and staff with more objective descriptions of roles and links. The research field has for a while been dominated by large-‐scale surveys and resent studies has pointed at the need for studies of daily communication environments at site of organizations. This is such a study, carried through at a department for inpatient care at the University Hospital Karolinska, located in Huddinge, Stockholm. In 2012, the studied department relocated into new facilities and completed a small restructuring of its organization, affecting roles and channels of communication. The perception of the new organization was inefficiency, both in time and difficulties to overview the structure. The purpose of this thesis has therefore been to discuss and highlight how to clarify formal structure of the internal communication among staff based on parameters such as roles and channels of communication. The study maps today's formal structure, which is the expected exchange of information as described in job descriptions and work policies and compares this with developed informal structures based on how employees prefer to exchange information. A mix of data collection methods is used. An analysis is conducted were the organization's communication network as perceived as exchange of information between the employees is visualised. The results showed differences between the formal structure and the informal structure that could be used to highlight aspects of how the identified differences could be used to clarify the formal structure. The study points at six areas were the formal structure may be elucidated; more documented communicative responsibilities and procedures, a strengthening of communication within working groups rather than within professions, a definition of the chief physician and the assistant physicians' communicative roles, an increased continuity in key roles for communication, a review of the physical structure's impact on communication and finally, create conditions for fast communication with information technology.
Mbanza, Edgar Charles. "Vie sociale des objets communicationnels dans les marges : une ethnographie de l'ordinaire des technologies de communication dans les bidonvilles de Kibera (Nairobi) et Pikine (Dakar)." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0022.
Full textWhat we call daily media (mobile phone, television and internet in this case) in African urban ghettos is a wonderful research subject for those who are interested in mutations of media communication. It also allows us to explain in new ways the dialectic imbrication of technology and society. Using an approach based on ethnographie immersion in the life of people, and comparing two sites located in the slums of Kibera (Nairobi) and Pikine (Dakar), our research generally focuses on the integration of those marginalized actors into the technological modernity. More than half of urban Africa nowadays lives in slums; and if it is often argued that the urban poor are those who are the most affected by the "digital divide", or conversely, that they are some inventive"bricoleurs"(digital do-it-yourselfers), there are few empirical works that explore the "arts of doing" and the modes of presence of those technologies in the environments of live. How technocommunicationals objects, whose properties and circulation patterns significantly have changed over the last years, do fit in the "moral economy" of survival context? Is there or not an emergence of a "milieu (médiatique) associé" presented as a space of participation and sharing, unlike previous generations of technologies? This work recalls the urgent need to relocate the marginalized players in the center of the analysis of contemporary culture. It also invites us to overcome the "Great Divide" in our ways of thinking about the relation between local and global, production and reception, individual and collective, private and public, etc
Asse, Modo. "Les Réseaux informels de la communication en milieu urbain camerounais : le cas de Yaoundé." Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020032.
Full textBouty, Isabelle. "Decision individuelle d'echange au sein des reseaux informels : entreprise, chercheurs et communaute technologique." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100118.
Full textInterpersonal and informal resources exchanges among researchers from different organisations are a major source of information for laboratories. Yet, these two-way flows purely depend on individual choices. The goal of this research is to understand the individual decision process, or, why a researcher accepts to exchange certain resources with a certain partner, refuses to exchange other resources with this partner or to exchange these resources with other partners. The research is qualitative and abductive. It aims at the emergence of a grounded theory of the individual decision process. The final model is made of three consecutive steps. The first one differentiates the possible exchange situations in the field of the potential ones. Potential does not always mean possible. It depends on individual factors. The second step discriminates the available resources for the particular partner of the exchange situation. The decision is embedded in the interpersonal relation. The third step leads to the emergence of the exchangeable resources. It depend on the exchange dynamic between partners
Jonsson, Sandra. "Fritidshemmets värdefulla men diffusa lärande : Uppfattningar om informellt och formellt lärande i fritidshemsverksamheten." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad utbildningsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-142569.
Full textThe purpose of this study has been to visualize perceptions of what learning is taking place in the after-school centre. This study attempts to answer the following questions: What do the students learn at the after-school centre according to the teachers, and in what way do they work with the students learning? What do the students learn at the after-school centre according to themselves, and what type of activities do they speak about? What do the students learn at the after-school centre according to the guardians? What do the students learn at the after-school centre according to the principals, and in what way do they think the teachers are working with the students learning? I have chosen to examine all this from a sociocultural perspective, using a qualitative method. In total, three teachers , ten students, five guardians and three principals have been interviewed. The results have been analyzed using the available pedagogical knowledge within the field and key concepts inherent in the sociocultural perspective. Some of the most important results show that in the centre, education comes in the form of social and linguistic learning as well as in the natural sciences. The results also shows that learning in regard to the development of the students identity and gender is being overshadowed. One conclusion that can been drawn is that both the teachers and the principals are well aware of the learning capabilities of the after-school center. Another is that the exact type of learning that happens can be hard to pinpoint for both the students and their guardians.
Dupouët, Olivier. "Le rôle des interactions entre structures formelles et informelles dans la firme : une analyse en termes de communautés." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR1EC06.
Full textCollini, Sofie. "När myndigheter twittrar : Att ta fram en stil för det offentliga språket på Twitter." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-15468.
Full textI november 2010 skickade Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting ut en enkät där 53 % av de svarande kommunerna uppgav sig använda Twitter. Av de kommuner som uppgav att de inte använde sociala medier svarade 49 % att de planerade att börja men att de inte hade kommit igång. Syftet med sociala medier uppgavs primärt vara att ha en dialog med medborgare och en kanal för nyheter. Twitters informella sfär är en ny miljö för det konventionellt formella myndighetsspråket, och ställer helt andra krav på texters stil och innehåll än andra medier. Syftet med mitt arbete var att, med stöd av teori och empiri, ta fram ett förslag på en stil åt den offentliga sektorns kommunikation på Twitter. Mina metoder var textanalys och kvalitativa intervjuer. Jag analyserade åtta utvalda kommuner på Twitter och intervjuade fyra informanter med olika infallsvinklar på ämnet, för en fördjupad förståelse. Berörda ämnen i båda metoder var bl.a. formalitet, tilltal, dialog och synligt författarskap. Resultatet av textanalysen visade att kommunerna inte var särskilt närvarande, personliga eller inbjudande – och min slutsats av det blev att de därför inte alls strävade efter dialog, åtminstone inte på Twitter. Intervjuerna kretsade främst kring hur kommunerna borde twittra, och det som kom fram där låg till stor del bakom mitt gestaltningsförslag och de tillhörande råden och riktlinjerna. Utifrån båda metodernas resultat skapade jag ett gestaltningsförslag om 20 tweets, som byggde upp en s.k. tweetstil, tillsammans med råd och riktlinjer för gott twittrande. Den stil jag presenterar försöker adressera dialogsyftet på ett bättre, mer anpassat sätt, genom att vara personlig, engagerad, närvarande och tydlig.
Keljalic, Igor. "Den externa CSR kommunikationen och relationen mellan företagen och de informella intressenterna : En intervjustudie ur kommunikationsteoretiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Water and Environmental Studies, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11503.
Full textI dagens globala ekonomi så växer de multinationella företags makt, men med makten följer även ansvaret. Under mitten av 1990 – talet så växte det fram idéer om CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) dvs. idéer om företagens sociala ansvar. CSR är ett koncept som vill integrera sociala och miljöfrågor in i företagens verksamhet med målet att bidra till den hållbara utvecklingen. Idag jobbar företag med att marknadsföra sig som ansvarstagande medlemmar av samhället när det gäller exempelvis miljöfrågor. Frågan är om CSR som koncept också används till samma syfte? Målet med studien är att delvis ta reda på hur och om CSR arbetet förmedlas externt. Studien bygger på intervjuer av svenska textil/konfektions företag och företagsorganisationer samt frivilligorganisationer som är välinsatta i textil/konfektions företags arbete med CSR och den strategiska externa kommunikationen. En viktig del av CSR arbetet är kommunikationen (intern och extern). I denna studie läggs dock fokus på den externa projiceringen av företagens CSR arbete och den viktiga kommunikationen och relationen mellan företagen och de informella intressenterna. Resultaten i studien pekar på en rädsla för exponering av CSR arbetet från företagens sida som i sin tur bidrar till en begränsad kommunikation med de informella intressenterna. Rädslan bygger på en misstro mellan de opinionsbildande intressenterna (media och NGO: s) och företagen. Studien illustrerar även hur dagens CSR forskning ser på framtiden för konceptet och förslag på hur lyckad CSR kommunikationen kan se ut och vad den kan bidra med.
Hackenberg, Katja. "La communauté portuaire d'Anvers : l'identification des catégories analytiques servant à la description de son réseau informel." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA084028.
Full textThis PhD – thesis is an empirical study of the informal network of the Antwerp port community. It aims to identify analytical categories for the description of its actors and its action modes. In the framework of this thesis three categories are identified by means of interviews with the members of the community. Finally the thesis analyses how these categories destabilise the normative order of the Nation-State. The informal network of the Antwerp port community relies on the category of the divergent interest group. This category destabilises the normative order of the Nation-State because of the incomplete separation of the public and the private domain. Secundo, the informal network of the Antwerp port community relies on the category of the permanent negociation. This category destabilises the normative order of the Nation-State because of the elaboration of territorial interests taking precedence over the individual interests. This corresponds to a reterritorialisation of interests. Thirdly, the informal network of the Antwerp port community relies on the category of the principle of inclusion and exclusion. This category destabilises the normative order of the Nation-State because of the informal networking of the normatives institutions with private companies
Olsson, Henrik. "Det svenska musikundret, tack vare eller trots grundskolans musikundervisning? : En studie av skolmusikens möjliga betydelse för professionell framgång." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Ljud- och musikproduktion, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-24562.
Full textWessman, Anna. "Intern Kommun-ikation : En analys av Upplands-Bro Kommuns internkommunikation utifrån ett ledarskapsperspektiv." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, JMK, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-168118.
Full textHanna, Dima. "Usages numériques informels des enseignants du primaire et contribution à leur développement professionnel." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20092.
Full textToday’s teachers are required by the National Education to get involved in an individual and collective process of professional development throughout their career. This concept is actually very present in professional and scientific debates. Teachers’ professional development is a process that can be extended in the private sphere with personal work. For about fifteen years this work has benefited from the emergence of digital tools. These days digital circulates in all professional spheres and the teaching profession can’t escape it. New opportunities of access to digital resources open up new « spaces of knowledge » and new learning methods for teachers.This thesis work attempts to describe and understand how informal digital uses can bring about learning, collaborating situations and therefore how they can take part in the professional development of primary school teachers, more precisely those in the Haute-Garonne department. A mixed method both quantitative and qualitative has been used in response to this problem.The obtained results show an interrelation between the digital uses in teachers’ private sphere and the indicators related to the process of professional development.Outside the school i.e. during their working time that is most difficult to identify, teachers keep working as professionals : they do research and preparation work, they think, create, exchange about the act of learning and teaching. The digital procedures we will describe are good means to become professional and to structure one’s abilities
Bezzari, Samira. "Le rôle de la dimension interculturelle dans la formation des adultes en milieu professionnel : le cas des cadres impatriés et expatriés en France et au Maroc." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20051.
Full textAt a time when the need for Intercultural Communicative Skills is often asserted for international and international executives working in a multicultural professional environment, the triggers likely to develop them are not well known today. This thesis aims to understand how these skills are built in mobile executives in two countries: France and Morocco.The problem that guides research concerns the rôle of the intercultural dimension in adult éducation, focusing on defining the place of initial and continuing training in foreign languages and the rôle of formai and informai continuing éducation in intercultural communication. The study does not stop at the level of the language approach or at the level of what is involved in intercultural communication, but rather at the analysis of the learning processes (on the sides of the learners), (On the side of the intercultural trainers) and their organization (on the side of the trainers). The thesis aimed to anchor the framework of the training of professionals in an intercultural approach. Such an approach amounts to contrasting the culturalist models which favor the comparison between cultures and the conception of culture as a biological data in order to be part of an approach that favors the interrelation and dynamics between cultures. Without this intercultural approach, exploring the field of professional mobility on the basis of interculturality has little meaning.Based on an empirical study associating quantitative and qualitative paradigms, some salient results, highlighted by the thesis, show that behind the intercultural discourse are many contradictions in the teaching of languages and cultures and in Formai intercultural communication. The attempt to create an in-between for cultures is often reduced to a description of the culture of otherness with direct or indirect représentations largely "folklorized". This makes learning Intercultural Communicative Skills problematic especially in the absence of clearly defined engineering in intercultural adult éducation. In addition, informai intercultural learning would seem relevant, particularly when it is based on socialization and peer reciprocity. This learning would benefit from being institutionalized in the two territories of the survey
Erlandsson, Kasper, and Eric Seing. "Kommunikationskanaler inom produktutvecklingsprocessen : före och under covid-19 pandemin." Thesis, KTH, Integrerad produktutveckling, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297933.
Full textWell-functioning communication is very important for companies, and especially in product development projects. Historically, communication has been built around physical contact, even if it has changed recently in conjunction with globalization and digitalization where companies have used more communication at a distance. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed the conditions for companies to communicate, which have forced many companies to make quick changes to adapt how they communicate. The purpose of this report is to study which communication channels have been used in the product development process before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Focus on changes in how channels are used, if new channels have been added and the consequences. The report is a literature study in conjunction with our own interviews to gather information about communication within the product development process. The literature study has given a ground for how communication works inside of companies before the pandemic. The interviews have been focused on how the communication is presently, during the pandemic and how the communication has changed because of it, and what effects the changes have done to the work itself. Three organizations of different sizes have been studied. Two organizations experienced a big change because of the pandemic, in how they communicate and what effects it has done to their work, where the creative segment has been a challenge and the informal communication drastically diminished. Despite large readjustments, both have managed the situation well. Even some improvements with the communication are mentioned. For example, the opportunity to jump in and out of a meeting and the digital growth for employees of communication channels. The third organization has continued working in place and has not experienced any drastic changes correlated to the communication.
Andersson, Emeli, Ida Magnell, and Matilda Pettersson. "Intranät från ett användarperspektiv : riktlinjer att följa vid en implementering." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-6421.
Full textToday, an Intranet is an important way for a company to share information. An Intranet has become a company’s way to communicate within the organisation. This communication is important, especially when the company is going through changes. In order for a project to succeed, the employees must support it. This support can be gained through good communication. Because of this, we have chosen to make our bachelor thesis about this interesting and important subject. Many organisations can find a solution for a well-functioning Intranet by asking its employees what they want in a new Intranet, and what they think about the change.
This bachelor thesis is based on a study that conducted interviews at companies that were about to introduce a new Intranet. The study is aided by the theories in the subject, as well as with meetings with the company in order to obtain relevant information. The study gave us information about what the Intranet should endure and what the employees think about the change. We compiled the results and created some advice and guidelines that can help our company implement a new Intranet. These guidelines can also be used at other companies in similar situations.
Intranät är idag en naturlig del i informationsspridningen på ett företag. Intranätet har därför blivit företagets sätt att kommunicera internt. Denna kommunikation är viktigt i ett företag, särskilt vid en förändring. För att projekt ska lyckas är det viktigt att få med sig medarbetarna, vilket kan uppnås genom bra kommunikation. Därför har vi valt att inrikta vår uppsats på detta intressanta och viktiga ämne. Genom att ta reda på vad medarbetarna vill ha för funktioner i intranätet och hur de ser på förändringen, kan organisationer komma att hitta en lösning på ett fungerande intranät. Denna uppsats är gjord utifrån en fallstudie som består av djupgående intervjuer på ett träförädlingsföretag, som ska införa ett nytt intranät. Fallstudien utformades efter teorier i ämnet och möten med fallförtaget för att kunna få fram relevant information. Undersökningen gav ett underlag till vad fallföretagets intranät ska innehålla och hur de anställda såg på förändringen. Resultatet har vi sammanställt i ett antal riktlinjer och några goda råd som kan hjälpa vårt fallföretag att införa det nya intranätet. Dessa råd går även att applicera på andra företag i en liknande situationer.
Gulin, Elin, and Johanna Lundkvist. "Ledarskapets betydelse för arbetsmiljön : En fråga om kommunikation." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-15281.
Full textThe number of employees that are absent due to sick leave in Swedish organizations increases annually as a result of stress-related illnesses. The current problem gives rise to high costs for the employee, the organization and society at large. To reverse this worrying trend is therefore of great importance to all parties involved. Previous studies have shown that an unsustainable work environment causes mental illness which in turn leads to sick leave. It is the employer who is ultimately responsible for the work environment within an organization, and how the work for a sustainable work environment is to be performed is governed by laws and regulations. The employer can improve the work environment through ill health prevention and health promotion efforts, which decrease sick leave rates. In this study we have investigated how an organization and its managers through internal communication can work for a sustainable work environment. To study how an organization works on these issues, we have conducted semi-structured interviews with both employees and managers at a municipal property company in Gothenburg. As theoretical support models and theories of communication, formal and informal information as well as the decision making process have been used to create a broader understanding of how the organization is working to develop a sustainable work environment. The findings show that the respondents in the studied organization consider internal communication as central to improving the work environment. It is of the utmost importance that the internal dialogue is well-functioning both vertically and horizontally, so that the information communicated between different parties will reach all relevant parts of the organization. A well-functioning communication is therefore of great importance for managing the decision-making process. Within the studied company formal information, such as work environment inspections, employee appraisals and employee surveys, is the primary source that decisions are based on. Informal information that managers receive through spontaneous conversations, that are considered to be of a rich character, has a tendency to disappear at an early stage in the decision-making process. The study discusses the managers’ role in collecting and processing both formal and informal information, in order to make well-founded decisions. Decisions based on all the information received from employees have a higher likelihood of influencing the organization's work environment in a positive direction. This paper is written in Swedish.
Guryev, Alexander. "La forme des interrogatives dans le Corpus suisse de SMS en français : étude multidimensionnelle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA045.
Full textThis thesis is part of the project FNS Sinergia 136230 "SMS communication in Switzerland: Facets of Linguistic Variation in a Multilingual Country". The aim of the thesis is to provide analysis of the variety of French interrogative structures in the Swiss SMS Corpus. It also attempts to show how the data originating from spontaneous electronic interaction (instant messaging, texting, WhatsApp, etc.) allows us to broaden the scope and to take a new look at the phenomena of syntactic variation. The French language is known for the wide variety of interrogative structures: 3 variants for yes/no questions (Tu vas au cours ?, Vas-tu au cours ?, Est-ce que tu vas au cours ?), and at least six or eight variants for wh- questions (Tu vas où ?, Où tu vas ?, Où vas-tu ?, Où va ton frère ?, Où est-ce que tu vas ?, Qui va au cours ?, Où c’est que tu vas ?, C’est où que tu vas ?). Therefore, our goal is to understand how SMS writers make the choice between available French interrogative structures. The hypothesis of this study is functionalist: it postulates that under the pressure of various linguistic and non-linguistic constraints, the SMS writer chooses that variant which allows him to best achieve given communicative goals. In order to identify different types of constraints or factors that may influence the choice of variants, a multidimensional analysis model is applied which focuses simultaneously on grammatical, interactional and sociolinguistic parameters
Pålsson, Gitte. "Etnopoetisk transkribering av musikinteraktion i demensvård : en metodutveckling." Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för musik, pedagogik och samhälle, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-2171.
Full textThe aim of this paper is to investigate if an experiment with ethnopoetic transcription of the ethnography created in a field study can convey profound insights into the functions and meanings of music in dementia care. The seven days fieldwork, resulting in sound- and video recordings, interviews, field notes and diaries, was conducted in a nursing home. The ethnography is presented in two empirical-analytical chapters, the first of which investigates formally organized music situations, whereas the second scrutinizes informal music situations in the nursing home. The ethnopoetic transcript aspires to meticulously render speech and singing in text, as well as minute details of interaction, such as prosody, gestures, choreography and other paralinguistic elements of communication. In response to a set of five questions, the investigation concludes that the ethnopoetic transcription makes evident: 1) how mirroring, repetition and turn-taking structure the interaction between patients and nursing staff; 2) the social interaction between the researcher, the patients and the nursing staff; 3) how music actually happens in situations that at first sight may be considered non-music situations; 4) dementia patients (as acting subjects); 5) the communicative music-competence of dementia patients, their relatives and the nursing staff.
Andersson, Barbro, Beatrice Örnborg, and Sürer Nejla Hassanova. "Vad, hur och varför? : - Om mått och mätning i fyra små tillverkande företag." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-25560.
Full textBackground and problem A general problem is that the research based on small and medium sized enterprises is very small, in terms of financial and performance measurements. Purpose The purpose is to describe and analyze which measurements of results are used in four small manufacturing corporations. We want to describe and analyze how the dimensions are measured, how the information is communicated about them, for what purpose they are used and if the dimensions are linked to a goal of the corporation. The essay aims to create a greater understanding of how small businesses measure their performance and achievements in their business. Method With an abductive and hermeneutic approach was empirical and theoretical data collected. Through a qualitative study and visiting interviews with four small manufacturing corporations we have been given the opportunity to describe how they use measurements in their business. The theory framework was then used to make a deeper understanding for the empirical data. Conclusion The measures that small businesses use have to be chosen according to the needs of each and every company in order to fit because a lot of elements have influence on the choice of measure. Depending on corporate goals the measuring get different purposes and in this way the measures connect to the goals. We do see that small businesses have needs for explicit routines when it comes to measuring, and the communication is mainly made through formal channels. The matter of control seems to be a general purpose in order to create prerequisites for the other purposes which are learning, rewarding and mobilization. Suggestions for future research Because small and medium sized enterprises are diverse and non- homogenous it would have been interesting if a study of a larger population was made. We believe that a quantitative study in the subject of measures and measurement in small businesses would provide a broader picture.
Paul, Gerhard. "Leitung und Kooperation in wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken Berlins - eine empirische Untersuchung." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14431.
Full textManagement and Cooperation in Research Libraries of Berlin The present work addresses an increasingly important-but hitherto largely neglected-topic in library science, in the field of information and communication, and among professional librarians: vertical social interaction in the research library as a work system. The intention behind this study was to find out in what way interaction between managers and their subordinates is linked to the latter group's job performance and innovativeness. With pressure to change and innovate being steadily increased by reduced subsidies, dwindling resources, growing customer demands for efficiency and quality service, and headlong technological change such as digitalization and networking, this dissertation presents an inquiry into the ability of this type of informational facility to function. Change and innovation are not understood in this analysis only as technological modernization and are not reduced to technical or merely formal organizational measures. Instead, the focus is on the actors and their attitudes, social behavior on the job, and perceptions. Research results from a variety of disciplines (especially industrial and organizational sociology, management theory, human-factors engineering, and communication sciences) provided the systematic, theoretical basis for describing and analyzing the social interaction that takes place within an organization. Communication, participation, autonomy, conflict, motivation, and cooperation were identified as the basic constituents of those dynamics in research libraries. Theoretically and empirically, the work climate served as the appropriate indicator of the socioemotional quality of interaction and was the link between managers' behavior, social interaction, and achievement of the organization's purpose. A historical review of library science and communication shows that only a few far-sighted librarians, such as Joachim Stoltzenburg, quickly recognized and discussed key components of development and their implications for library management. Articulating the social and sociological dimension of these facets, such thinkers argued against the Zeitgeist and prevailing consensus of their contemporaries in the profession. Apart from such efforts, however, social interaction in the library as a work system has continued to be a subject largely ignored in discussions of "reform" in this area, an exchange that has been meager in other respects as well. For reasons of quality control, a number of methods were used in the empirical part of the study. The survey itself consisted of both qualitative and quantitative elements in order to lay a broad, solid basis for generating and interpreting results. To ensure that the data was as realistic and well-founded as possible, the principle of comparing subjective and objective perception was observed by having managers assess themselves in addition to having them assessed by their colleagues. The study's regional scope and sharply defined subject of investigation made it possible to conduct a representative survey that included nearly every library of this type in the federal state of Berlin, Germany. At the highest level of aggregation, data analysis showed a distinct demarcation between two worlds of work: one in libraries with an agreeable working atmosphere, the other in libraries with an average or poor working atmosphere. In answer to the central question of which management style is best able to enhance the job performance and innovativeness of the participants, it was found that their commitment to, identification with, and innovativeness on behalf of "their" organization was greatly conditioned by the managers' transparent, communicative, participatory behavior,ability to interact and cooperate as equals with their subordinates in professional matters,observance of their formal authority,explicit meritocratic and innovation-minded behavior when accompanied by appropriate targets, andsensitivity to and ability to deal with conflict. Irrespective of these findings on work climate, it was generally true that most of the nonmanagerial employees in the study performed activities characterized by very segmented processing of materials and an orientation to office work. They had decidedly liberal working conditions and wide latitude to organize their own, albeit narrowly circumscribed, sphere of work, but they had little opportunity for advancement or material gratification. Nevertheless, their intrinsic motivation was high. Regardless of work climate, the scope for action by the managers in the study was severely restricted by structural factors (rigid work systems, public service) and budgetary constraints (low level of investment). Ultimately, the study is a call to change the paradigm of the way in which contemporary functional management activity is understood in the field of research libraries and related service areas. It is essential for managerial competence to be grasped as a blend of technical, managerial, and social expertise. The implications for both research management and practice in libraries in general are that social competencies and skills for perceiving and performing managerial functions should be systematically developed in a professional manner, made part of basic and advanced training, and routinely practiced in research libraries.
Vidal, Laura. "Les apprentissages interculturels dans les communautés virtuelles. Le cas de la communauté Global Voices." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0092/document.
Full textThe research presented here deals with learning opportunities available to peoplewhen they encounter a different culture. The thesis focuses specifically on the observationof a virtual « community », also an international organization, devoted to share informationand personal accounts online through social media. This community, called Global Voicesis a media organization whose content and teams are divided in regions and languages. Thecommunity is made of over 800 participants, most of them volunteer authors and translators.The conceptual frame of the research uses theories of learning, specially thosedevoted to describe learning through participation in communities, and in an interculturaldimension. We have also searched support on the contributions coming from the Sociologyof Communication.The research uses a monographic approach to study the « community » and itsdynamics of work and participation. The results of the research are also the fruit of anengaged observation work supported by my own participation, a 6 year long participationthat included different roles and levels of engagement inside Global Voices.The analysis of the data show the ways in which interactions at the heart of theorganization, as well as the stories and testimonies shared through Global Voice’s work arealso learning for its learners. Finally, it is concluded that these learning experiences alsobring with them complex processes of a cognitive, but also affective order
Kögler, Julia. "Anwendung von Marketingstrategien zur Optimierung der Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation in Zoologischen Gärten." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16910.
Full textZoological Gardens (zoos) are mandated to take active part in public conservation education. The true impact of those education efforts on zoo visitors, however, remains subject to discussion. Employing theories from the field of persuasive marketing communication the study aims at broadening the understanding of the target group’s characteristics relevant for successful communication and at empirically investigating the impact of printed conservation messages on zoo visitors. 310 visitors of Zoo Magdeburg were shown presentations containing either emotionally positive or negative content, regionally or globally related content or informative or solution-oriented content. During viewing the participants’ visual attention was recorded using eye tracking. At the end of the presentation participants were requested to indicate their intentions for sustainable behaviour by mouse-click. Their demographic and psychological characteristics as well as their recall ability for viewed content were investigated with a questionnaire. Findings suggest that zoo visitors regard zoos as locations for recreation rather than for education and that they should be considered a low involvement target group with regards to topics concerning sustainability. The visual attention of participants was independent of the contents’ emotional bias. Similarly, intentions for behaving in a sustainable way were neither influenced by the emotional bias nor by the topic portrayed. Participants indicated higher interest for informative content than for solution-oriented content and also looked at informative content more intensively. Nevertheless, the recall test revealed better memorization of solution-oriented content. The findings are discussed with regards to the interdisciplinary theoretical background. As a conclusion five suggestions are made on how to optimize the impact of printed conservation messages in zoos.
Dieng, Mbaye. "Réseaux et systèmes de télécommunications dans une région périphérique du Sénégal : Ziguinchor en Casamance." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00356029.
Full textHößler, Ulrich. "Interkulturelle Qualifizierung im Rahmen des Hochschulstudiums in Deutschland." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Kultur-, Sozial- und Bildungswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17721.
Full textThis study aims at generating an input-process-output model of intercultural qualification in the context of academic education in Germany. The theoretical framework consists of defining in-tercultural qualification and localizing the topic within educational sciences. The topics intercul-tural competence and intercultural learning are discussed separately. There were two empirical studies: 1) 18 former participants of the Extracurricular Study Program for Intercultural Compe-tence at the Regensburg universities have been interviewed about the program’s learning pro-cesses and learning outcomes. Resulting data were analysed using qualitative methods, yielding a set of hypotheses on relations between preconditions, processes and outcomes of intercultural qualification. 2) At the end of the program, 129 participants completed a questionnaire con-structed on the results of the interview study producing quantitative data. Relevant input, pro-cess and output variables could be identified and were integrated into five user profiles: 1) sensi-tisation, 2) cognitive application, 3) activation, 4) behavioral application, and 5) potentialisation. These profiles were finally arranged in relation to knowledge transfer and behavioral transfer, thus yielding a transfer model of intercultural qualification, and were put in ascending order in an input-process-output model. This theoretically founded and empirically tested model de-scribes exemplarily preconditions, learning processes, learning outcomes, and control variables of intercultural qualification in the context of academic education in Germany. It can be used as a theoretical framework for further research or conceptualisation, implementation, and evalua-tion of intercultural qualification programs.
Louckx, Audrey. "Empowering voices: testimonial literature and social justice in contemporary American culture." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209257.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to propose a theoretical model for the subgenre of testimonials of social empowerment. With the concept of empowerment as groundwork, the model develops a textual approach framed in a psychosocial structure. I argue that testimonials may be described as examples of Jürgen Habermas’s communicative action. As speech acts aimed at reaching understanding, testimonials capitalize both on the binding and bonding aspects of illocutionary force in the hope to secure with their audience an ongoing dialogue over issues of social justice. The volumes, as unofficial public spheres, mobilize the normative and practical dynamics at work in social movements. These dynamics express as two narrative guiding threads: an aesthetic based on impact, and an ethics based on responsibility. The texts’ aesthetic develops a form of perlocutionary realism instantiating a sense of authenticity and sincerity embodied in the narrators’ voices. The resulting impact is coupled to moral concerns based on a polysemic understanding of social responsibility, on which narrators seek to build their narratives’ ethical potential. A series of case studies allowed to demonstrate that both narrative threads are realized as an appropriation of four paradigmatic forms of rhetorical ethos, each based on a specific realm of the social world: intimacy, justice, spirituality and activism.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Lahrizi, Fatima Azzahra. "Les fêtes dans les organisations : un moyen de création et de consolidation des réseaux humains ?" Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17417.
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