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Journal articles on the topic 'Communication metaphors'
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AYDEMİR, Arcan, and Turhan ÇETİN. "Metaphorical Perceptions of Preservice Social Studies Teachers About the Communication Skills." International Journal of Psychology and Education Studies 8, no. 3 (2021): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52380/ijpes.2021.8.3.321.
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The study aimed to determine the perceptions of preservice social studies teachers about communication; metaphors were employed to determine communication skill perceptions. In the study, a qualitative research method known as phenomenology design was employed. The study group included 127 preservice social studies teachers in various classes. In the study, metaphoric perceptions form was used to collect the data. The collected data were analysed with content analysis. The study findings demonstrated that preservice social studies teachers produced 36 valid metaphors in 7 different conceptual categories (a requirement, a nonverbal code system, a mutual process, a positive connotation, a unifying element, a dynamic phenomenon, communication as a method to reflect ideas). The total metaphor count and metaphor frequencies revealed that the highest number of metaphors was produced in the communications as a requirement category. The most repeated metaphor in this category was the requirement of water to sustain life. In this category, concepts such as blood, breathing, and oxygen, which are important for human life, were expressed as metaphors that represented communication skills.
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Heyvaert, Pauline, François Randour, Jérémy Dodeigne, Julien Perrez, and Min Reuchamps. "Metaphors in political communication." Journal of Language and Politics 19, no. 2 (2019): 201–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.17057.hey.
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Abstract This article analyses the use of (deliberate) metaphors in political discourse produced by French-speaking Belgian regional parliamentarians during non-institutional political interviews. The article first investigates if the use of deliberate metaphor limits itself to a particular type of political discourse (i.e. public and institutional political discourse) or if metaphor use is also found in other types of settings (i.e. non-institutional political discourse). Second, the article analyses the variation of deliberate metaphor use between political actors depending on gender, seniority and political affiliation. To this end, the article applies Steen’s (2008) three-dimensional model of metaphor analysis on biographical interviews conducted with French-speaking Belgian regional parliamentarians (RMPs). Our results indicate that RMPs, when using non-deliberate metaphors, mostly rely on source domains such as construction, battle and relationships. This is in contrast with the use of deliberate metaphors, where source domains like sports, nature and container take the upper hand.
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Tay, Dennis. "At the heart of cognition, communication, and language." Metaphor and the Social World 4, no. 1 (2014): 48–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.4.1.03tay.
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Cognitive, communicative, and linguistic forces have been theorized to inhere in all metaphor use in real world contexts, with Steen (2011) describing these forces as constitutive and interacting ‘dimensions’ of metaphor. This paper proposes that cognition, communication, and language should be seen not just as crucial dimensions of individual metaphoric utterances, but also of their circumstances and contexts of use. In other words, purposive real world discourse activities impose various demands of a cognitive, communicative, and linguistic nature on speakers, and these shape the characteristics of metaphors used in definitive ways. I characterize the discourse activity of psychotherapy along the three dimensions, and show how the strategic use and management of metaphors in psychotherapy is, and ought to be, determined by interacting cognitive, communicative, and linguistic considerations. From this, I suggest that the effectiveness of therapeutic metaphors can be evaluated in terms of their “discourse career” (Steen, 2011, p. 54) over a series of therapy sessions. I conclude by highlighting the value of psychotherapy to metaphor study, and of metaphor study to psychotherapeutic practice.
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Hetmański, Marek. "Metaphoric Confinement of Information." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 40, no. 1 (2015): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slgr-2015-0009.
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AbstractThe aim of the paper is to determine how metaphors tackle the probable nature of information and uncertainty in the structure of the communication process. Since the cognitive theory of conceptual metaphors holds that metaphoric thinking and doing are unavoidable, they are employed often in explaining the communicating domains. The metaphorical conceptualizing is recognized in Shannon and Weaver’s Mathematical Theory of Communication where such abstract concepts as freedom of choice, choosing probabilities (possibilities), and uncertainty ware conceived in that way. It is described in accord with Reddy’s conduit metaphor and Ritchie’s toolmakers paradigm. In the paper the issue of both the advantages and disadvantages of metaphors is considered: mainly, how they can explain and predict ways in which people communicate their expectations or uncertainties as well as, more practically, how the probable/informational metaphors enable the management of knowledge in libraries or databases.
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Gutiérrez Pérez, Regina. "Teaching Conceptual Metaphors to EFL Learners in the European Space of Higher Education." European Journal of Applied Linguistics 5, no. 1 (2017): 87–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eujal-2015-0036.
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AbstractThe CEFR encourages a more effective international communication. Given that effective communication in a L2 involves the ability to use metaphors, this figure becomes of prime importance to the teaching of languages. The present study applies a methodology for teaching English metaphors and idioms following the tenets of Cognitive Linguistics (CL). It argues the importance of “metaphoric competence”, and, by a conceptual metaphor awareness method, it advocates the usefulness of teaching metaphors and idioms and its explicit inclusion in a language syllabus aimed at increasing proficiency in L2. This conceptual basis for language is almost entirely unavailable to L2 learners in course books and reference materials. This paper reviews the scope of metaphor and metaphoric competence in the context of second-language teaching and learning, and provides some tips on how to teach metaphors and idioms effectively in a foreign language context. By analizing the systematicity and experiential basis of the expressions subject of study, it offers some pedagogical suggestions and teaching material that can facilitate the acquisition of idiomatic expressions by raising awareness of the conceptual metaphors that underlie them.
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Ntabo, Victor, and George Ogal Ouma. "A Metaphoric Analysis of Miriri’s Ekegusii Pop Song Ebunda." International Journal of English and Comparative Literary Studies 2, no. 1 (2021): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47631/ijecls.v2i1.163.
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The study undertakes a metaphoric analysis of the animal metaphors in Miriri’s Ekegusii pop song “Ebunda” (a donkey) to reveal meaning. The meaning of the animal metaphors in the song might be elusive to the majority of the fans because metaphor is principally a matter of thought and action which is often situated in a specific context. The study employed the descriptive research design to describe the metaphors as used in the song. First, four coders (including the researchers) were employed to identify the metaphors in the song through the Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit. Secondly, the metaphors in the song were classified into animal metaphors based on the levels of the principle of Great Chain of Being metaphor (GCBM). The animal metaphors in “Ebunda” were then explained using the Conceptual Metaphor Theory. The study reveals that animals are stratified source domains used to effectively conceptualize human beings as highlighted in the song. In addition, the animal metaphors in “Ebunda” are used on a cognitive basis to reveal the perceptions Abagusii (the native speakers of Ekegusii) have about some animals in society. Metaphors are crucial ways of communication and are best explained using the Cognitive Linguistics paradigm.
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Reijnierse, W. Gudrun, Christian Burgers, Tina Krennmayr, and Gerard J. Steen. "Metaphor in communication: the distribution of potentially deliberate metaphor across register and word class." Corpora 14, no. 3 (2019): 301–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cor.2019.0176.
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There is renewed interest in the special role that metaphor can have in its communicative status as metaphor between language users. This paper investigates the occurrence of such deliberate metaphors in comparison with non-deliberate metaphors. To this end, a corpus of 24,762 metaphors was analysed for the presence of potentially deliberate (versus non-deliberate) metaphor use across registers and word classes. Results show that 4.36 percent of metaphors in the corpus are identified as potentially deliberate metaphors. News and fiction contain significantly more potentially deliberate metaphors, while academic texts and conversations exhibit significantly fewer potentially deliberate metaphors than expected. Moreover, nouns and adjectives are used relatively more frequently as potentially deliberate metaphors, while adverbs, verbs and prepositions are used relatively less frequently as potentially deliberate metaphors. These results can be explained by referring to the overall communicative properties of the registers concerned, as well as to the role of the different word classes in those registers.
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Velasco Sacristán, Marisol. "Overtness-covertness in advertising gender metaphors." Journal of English Studies 7 (May 29, 2009): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/jes.145.
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This paper aims at demonstrating that weak communication (overt and covert) can have an important influence on the choice, specification and interpretation of ideological metaphors in advertising. We focus here on a concrete type of ideological metaphor, advertising gender metaphor. We present a description of advertising gender metaphors, subtypes (cases of metaphorical gender, universal gender metaphors and cultural gender metaphors) and crosscategorisation in a case study of 1142 adverts published in British Cosmopolitan (years 1999 and 2000). We next assess “overtness-covertness” in the advertising gender metaphors in our sample. In considering this we also look at the conventional-innovative scale of these metaphors, and examine their discrimination against men and women. The intended value of this paper lies in its examination of both weak overt and covert types of communication in relation both to cognitive and pragmatic theorising of metaphor, and, more generally, to theorising advertising communication.
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Demaecker, Christine. "Wine-tasting metaphors and their translation." Food and terminology 23, no. 1 (2017): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.23.1.05dem.
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In winespeak, metaphors are a real challenge for the translator. Indeed, many metaphoric expressions cannot be found in dictionaries and their true meaning is not defined. The only basis for their translation seems to be the conceptual basis they are built upon. Indeed, wine tasting metaphors are linguistic realisations of conceptual metaphors, with mappings from well-known domains used to understand and communicate the intangible experience of taste. Various conceptual metaphors appear in the same tasting note, creating a complex blend, or conceptual integration pattern. So the translation procedures generally put forward in translation studies, based on the linguistic conception of metaphor, appear inappropriate. The cognitive translation hypothesis offers a good basis to compare source and target text wine-tasting metaphors.
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Antil, Anjuman, and Harsh V. Verma. "Metaphors, Communication and Effectiveness in Indian Politics." Journal of Creative Communications 15, no. 2 (2020): 209–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973258619893806.
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The aim of this article is to give insights on the role and usage of metaphors in political communication. The article studies the use of conceptual metaphors by politicians in two different scenarios, namely election campaign and addresses of a prime minister to a global audience. Both these settings are important from political image building perspective. For studying political communication during election campaigns, we have examined the text of newspaper articles and social media handles of politicians. For analysing metaphors used while addressing an international audience, select speeches delivered abroad by Indian Prime Minister Modi have been studied. The analysis is carried out on the basis of Lakoff and Johnson’s Conceptual Metaphor Theory. For this, important metaphors are culled out and analysed, including POLITICS IS WAR, A POLITICIAN IS A WATCHMAN, WORLD IS COMMUNITY, WORLD IS FAMILY AND NATION IS PERSON.
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Ritchie, L. David. "A note about meta-metaphors." Metaphor and the Social World 7, no. 2 (2017): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.7.2.07rit.
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Abstract Although it is difficult to avoid metaphorical language in discussing and theorizing about communication, language, and metaphor itself, the metaphors we use have entailments that may not be consistent with the analyses they are intended to support. This essay discusses and compares the implications of some of the most common ‘meta-metaphors,’ metaphors used in discussions of metaphor.
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Ondish, Peter, Dov Cohen, Kay Wallheimer Lucas, and Joseph Vandello. "The Resonance of Metaphor: Evidence for Latino Preferences for Metaphor and Analogy." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 45, no. 11 (2019): 1531–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167219833390.
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People of different cultures communicate and describe the world differently. In the present article, we document one such cultural difference previously unexplored by psychologists: receptiveness to metaphors. We contrast Spanish-speaking Latinos with Anglo-Americans, Asian Americans, and Latinos who do not habitually speak Spanish. Across four experiments, we show that relative to these other groups, Spanish-speaking Latinos show stronger preferences for metaphoric definitions, better recall of metaphors, greater trust in both scientific and political arguments that use metaphor, and stronger liking for and desire to connect with persons who use metaphoric speech. Future directions and implications for improving cross-cultural communication in various settings are discussed.
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Gibbs, Raymond W. "Metaphoric cognition as social activity." Metaphor and the Social World 3, no. 1 (2013): 54–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.3.1.03gib.
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Metaphoric thought is often viewed as a property of individual minds that is quite separate from people’s social, communicative actions with metaphoric language and gesture. My goal in this article is to argue that metaphoric cognition is fundamentally linked to human social activities. I defend this idea by focusing not only on metaphor use in overt communicative situations, but by suggesting ways that individual metaphoric cognition is implicitly social. Many of the experimental tasks used in psychology to demonstrate the psychological reality of conceptual metaphors reflect intricate couplings between cognitive and social processes. This argument demands a reorientation in how metaphor scholars interpret empirical findings related to conceptual metaphor theory, and more broadly aims to dissolve the long-standing theoretical divide between metaphoric cognition and metaphoric communication.
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Stephens, Sonia. "Communicating evolution with a Dynamic Evolutionary Map." Journal of Science Communication 13, no. 01 (2014): A04. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.13010204.
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Metaphors and visualizations are important for science communication, though they may have limitations. This paper describes the development and evaluation of a novel interactive visualization, the "Dynamic Evolutionary Map"' (DEM), which communicates biological evolution using a non-standard metaphor. The DEM uses a map metaphor and interactivity to address conceptual limitations of traditional tree-based evolutionary representations. In a pilot evaluation biology novices used the DEM to answer questions about evolution. The results suggest that this visualization communicates some conceptual affordances differently than trees. Therefore, the described approach of building alternative visual metaphors for challenging concepts appears useful for science communication.
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Starr-Glass, David. "First steps into the metaphoric wilderness of macroeconomics." On the Horizon 22, no. 4 (2014): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oth-11-2013-0060.
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Purpose – The purpose of this article is to analyze the decline of two central metaphors of macroeconomics, economics and markets, and suggests ways in which metaphoric vigor can be initiated to promote economic reflection, inter-disciplinary collaboration, and more productive engagement with the broader society. Economics and markets can be described as dead metaphors which have ceased to provide any metaphoric advantage or potential but which nevertheless remain central to economic discourse. At a time when economics is coming under societal scrutiny and being asked to explain its assumptions, predictive ability and social impact, the perceived distance and sterility of economic language presents a significant problem. Design/methodology/approach – The central approach is an analysis of the ways in which metaphor come into being, provide regenerative insights and communicate open and creative discourse. Metaphor theory is introduced, as are theoretical considerations on the decline of conceptual metaphor through over familiarization. Findings – Metaphor in economics is underexplored and this article suggests that a more engaged and creative approach will provide benefit within the discipline and will be necessary to sustain the ongoing discourse with those outside the field. Originality/value – This article provides new insight into the problems associated with the failure to recognize and to resuscitate metaphor in macroeconomics. It provides original perspectives on the problem, and presents novel suggestions for reducing the communication difficulties that metaphor failure has produced, particularly in communicating economic perspectives with the broader society.
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Pascolini, Alessandro. "Metaphors and science communication." Journal of Science Communication 03, no. 01 (2004): C01. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.03010301.
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Larionova, M. V., and G. S. Romanova. "COGNITION AND COMMUNICATION: METAPHOR IN THE SPANISH MEDIA DISCOURSE." Title in english 17, no. 1 (2019): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2019-1-17-26-34.
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Te process of thinking and the process of cognition inevitably include metaphorization as one of the ways of conceptualization of the reality, when new and unknown things are thought through categories of already known. Metaphor as a mental operation based on analogy, represents a universal category of thinking. Nevertheless, metaphors are part of a national cultural worldview. Te stability of the metaphorical system due to cognitive constants does not exclude the variability of metaphorical models that depend on social, national-cultural, historical and other parameters of the discursive context. Te key principle of metaphor is the principle of fctitiousness - als ob - as if: one area of knowledge borrows the concept from another area. Cognitive properties of metaphors allow not only to name, but also to model the reality; therefore in media discourse the functional load of the metaphorical nominations is very high. Scientifc and technological progress and the speed that operates social, economic and political transformations of the surrounding reality leads to inevitable creation of metaphors for naming new concepts and realities of our life. In the article, metaphor as a special cognitive model and a way of modeling the reality is investigated from the point of view of cognitive and communicative approaches, on the example of the materials of the Spanish media discourse.
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Kaplan, Steven P. "Metaphor, Shame, and People with Disabilities." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 25, no. 2 (1994): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.25.2.15.
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Metaphors describe, explicate, inform, encourage understanding. Metaphor, defined as a substitution based on perceived similarity, is a potent, ubiquitous communication device with affective implications; it can also deconstruct meaning and perception, and encourage stigma and shame. The power of metaphoric thinking and shame-based affect is often acutely experienced by people with disabilities. In this paper, I discuss shame, metaphor use, and coping with disability employing Wright's (1960, 1983) framework of adjustment to illuminate the argument that people with disabilities are vulnerable to psychological harm through being shamed and devalued by the misuse of metaphor.
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Keulartz, Jozef. "Using Metaphors in Restoring Nature." Nature and Culture 2, no. 1 (2007): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/nc.2007.020103.
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There has recently been growing interest in the role of metaphors in environmentalism and nature conservation. Metaphors not only structure how we perceive and think but also how we should act. The metaphor of nature as a book provokes a different attitude and kind of nature management than the metaphor of nature as a machine, an organism, or a network. This article explores four clusters of metaphors that are frequently used in framing ecological restoration: metaphors from the domains of engineering and cybernetics; art and aesthetics; medicine and health care; and geography. The article argues that these metaphors, like all metaphors, are restricted in range and relevance, and that we should adopt a multiple vision on metaphor. The adoption and development of such a multiple vision will facilitate communication and cooperation across the boundaries that separate different kinds of nature management and groups of experts and other stakeholders.
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Afsar Guliyeva, Aynur. "Geometric metaphors in English language." SCIENTIFIC WORK 56, no. 07 (2020): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/56/24-27.
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The article is devoted to the study of geometric metaphor in the modern English language. Metaphor quite often can be found both in English and in many other languages. Very often metaphors are associated with the letter, but without noticing it, they often use them in everyday speech. The role of a metaphor in the English language is to diversify speech with turns that have a figurative meaning that gives expressiveness to phrases and sentences. To make English speech not only literate, but also beautiful. Metaphors enrich the language and show a high level of language proficiency. Therefore, when learning English, along with everyday vocabulary, idioms, phrasal verbs, it is not out of place to learn some common beautiful metaphors. The geometric metaphor can be considered an important element of the modern English economic discourse and correspondingly communication, thus it obtains a special status in the frame of cognition. It is understood from the research there are a lot of geometric metaphors and is actively used in the cognitive processes of conceptualization and classification of economic reality. Key words: metaphor, geometric figure, geometric metaphor, sentence, figurative meaning
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Kozlova, Tetyana. "Cognitive Metaphors of Covid-19 Pandemic in Business News." SHS Web of Conferences 100 (2021): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110002004.
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The research considers the COVID-19 pandemic cognitive metaphors conveyed by means of the English language in business news. The interpretation of metaphor goes beyond its traditional understanding as a rhetorical device. The approach is consistent with a cognitive theory claiming that metaphor is a mental instrument to reflect the way we reason and imagine the world. The paper provides a brief theoretical framework of the research, discusses the concept, role and types of cognitive metaphor. It deals with particular cases of metaphoric representations of the pandemic selected fromThe Financial Times, an international daily with focus on business and economic affairs. The results of the study reveal a variety of lexical means to express the dynamic image of the pandemic that exhibits a gradual shift from the military metaphor to variant interpretations. The findings prove the pervasiveness of metaphor in business and mass media communication, its significance to understand difficult situations, efficiently communicate ideas and influence the audience.
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Ntabo, Victor Ondara, Naom Moraa Nyarigoti, and Moses Gatambuki Gathigia. "Interpreting the Human Being Metaphors in Ekegusii Pop Songs Using the Cognitive Semantics Framework." Issues in Language Studies 7, no. 2 (2019): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ils.1612.2018.
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The paper explores the human being metaphors in Ekegusii pop songs (EPS). Composers of EPS use human being metaphors to convey their message in different perspectives. It is possible for the meaning of the human being metaphors to elude the audience of EPS because language is both embodied and situated in a specific environment. Therefore, the meaning of the metaphors need to be objectively interpreted to reveal the message of the composers. The study purposively sampled Christopher Mosioma’s (Embarambamba) EPS amasomo (education) and the late Ontiri Bikundo’s obwanchani (love) based on the songs’ richness in metaphors. The Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit was used to identify 54 metaphors in the EPS by four coders (including the researchers). The concept of conceptual mapping, which is a fundamental tenet of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory, was employed to understand the source domains in terms of the target domains. The identified metaphors were classified into four conceptual domains of human being, animal, plant and object using the principle of the Great Chain of Being Metaphor. The paper then identified eight human being metaphors for the present study. The research found that human being metaphors are important ways of conceptualizing other human beings in society. In addition, metaphors are important tools of communication and should be explained using a cognitive semantics framework. The findings of the study will benefit the audience of the EPS, ethnographers and metaphor theorists to conceptualise EPS and culture.
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Demmen, Jane, Elena Semino, Zsófia Demjén, et al. "A computer-assisted study of the use of Violence metaphors for cancer and end of life by patients, family carers and health professionals." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 20, no. 2 (2015): 205–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.20.2.03dem.
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This study combines quantitative semi-automated corpus methods with manual qualitative analysis to investigate the use of Violence metaphors for cancer and end of life in a 1,500,000-word corpus of data from three stakeholder groups in healthcare: patients, family carers and healthcare professionals. Violence metaphors in general, especially military metaphors, are conventionally used to talk about illness, particularly cancer. However, they have also been criticized for their potentially negative implications. The use of innovative methodology enables us to undertake a more rigorous and systematic investigation of Violence metaphors than has previously been possible. Our findings show that patients, carers and professionals use a much wider set of Violence-related metaphors than noted in previous studies, and that metaphor use varies between interview and online forum genres and amongst different stakeholder groups. Our study has implications for the computer-assisted study of metaphor, metaphor theory and analysis more generally, and communication in healthcare settings.
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Siano, Alfonso, Agostino Vollero, Maddalena Della Volpe, Maria Giovanna Confetto, Pantea Foroudi, and Maria Palazzo. "The role of physical metaphors for decision-making in integrated corporate communication." Bottom Line 31, no. 1 (2018): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bl-09-2017-0030.
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Purpose The role of metaphors in information management has generally been acknowledged owing to their ability to convey immediately huge amounts of information and richness. Their role is more and more important in the current digital context of communication and marketing activities, as the decision speed and accuracy are crucial. The purpose of this study is, thus, to analyze physical metaphors as tools for making sequential decisions to achieve effective integrated corporate communication (ICC). Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on the critical analysis of literature on corporate communication and stakeholder management as building blocks for implementing an integrated approach to corporate communications. Findings A revision of two well-known physical metaphors in the communication literature (the “wheel” and “umbrella”) has been proposed. It is argued that integrated communication within corporate communications is more complex than in marketing communications, as it involves a greater variety of elements to coordinate and harmonize. The proposed physical metaphors suggest an effective sequential decision-making as they allow a clear distinction between different decision levels. Research limitations/implications The paper adds to the debate on the link between theory and practice of ICC. From a practical standpoint, the proposed metaphors as simple and concrete tools for handling complex information and ICC problems could aid novice practitioners and students of corporate communications courses. Originality/value The paper shows that while scholars have concurred that ICC is crucial for different type of organizations, the use of physical metaphors can be beneficial for the reality-based challenge of ICC.
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Pedersen, Jan. "How metaphors are rendered in subtitles." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 29, no. 3 (2017): 416–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.16038.ped.
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Abstract Metaphors have been thoroughly studied as translation problems in recent decades. However, they are still under-researched in the subfield of audiovisual translation. This is strange since this mode of translation, particularly subtitling, has very special conditions which complicate the translating of metaphors, such as the interplay between dialogue, image and subtitles, as well as severe time and space constraints. This paper investigates how metaphors in the British sitcom Yes, Prime Minister were subtitled into Swedish. The results show that subtitlers treat metaphors as an important language feature, less prone to omission than other features. Furthermore, monocultural metaphors, which are not shared between cultures, are subtitled using more strategies than transcultural ones. Metaphors are also subtitled differently depending on the degree of entrenchment. Typically for metaphor translation, there is a loss of metaphor force, but more research is needed to ascertain whether this is media-specific or a general translation effect of growing standardization.
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Siska, Mirwana, Zainuddin ., and Anni Holila Pulungan. "LEXICAL METAPHOR IN INDONESIAN VERSION OF SURAH AL-KAHFI." LINGUISTIK TERAPAN 18, no. 2 (2021): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/lt.v18i2.27890.
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ABSTRACTIn communication, people often faced to the use of metaphor, but many of us sometimes don't understand the metaphor itself. People usually find metaphors when using language in communication where the language they want to say is different from the actual meaning. metaphor divided into two; lexical metaphor and grammatical metaphor and lexical metaphor. This research focus on lexical metaphor that shows variations of words in which there are veiled meanings or different meanings. This research aims to explain why lexical metaphors are used in the Surah Al-Kahfi. This research revealed that (+) specialized, un-equal, formal and written have some frequency. All of them were found 42 times or 100%. Meanwhile, the (-) specialized, equal, informal and spoken with zero experience. the researcher was interested to conduct a research about lexical metaphor that used in Surah Al-Kahfi with Bahasa Indonesia translation version of the Qur’an. Keywords: Metaphor, Lexical Metaphor, Al-Qur’an, Surah Al-Kahfi
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Zantides, Evripides. "Visual Metaphors in Communication: Intertextual Semiosis and Déjà Vu in Print Advertising." Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations 18, no. 3 (2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21018/rjcpr.2016.3.216.
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<p>Metaphor, as a concept in which a signified is applied to a signifier that is not literally applicable, does not only refer to speech or verbal language, but also to a wide use of practical applications in visual communication, particularly in advertising design and communication. The metaphorical rhetoric in advertisements is a common practice often used to attract the viewers’ attention, as well as enhance the persuasiveness of messages. From a cognitive perspective, semiosis in the process of visual metaphors in communication, is a complex subject with often a variety of subjective interpretations on behalf of the viewers. Intertextuality, as another form of metaphoric communication that depends on pre-existing</p><p>texts (verbal or non-verbal), produces meanings that often deal with parody, sarcasm or irony. Additionally, they are also frequently characterised as anarchistic and provocative, because of the anti-advertising or anti-consumerism/social statements they make.</p><p>The current study aims to present a literature review on how visual metaphors are defined in printa dvertising, and build on this to examine the notion of intertextuality as a form of déjà vu-metaphor that is popular in advertising and graphic communication.</p><p>Semiotic analysis as a methodology is used on a purposive sample of print advertisements—including examples of logotypes as well—in order to categorize thematically the major typological references, in respect of intertextual advertising, as well as extract ideological conclusions.</p><p>The results show that intertextuality in advertising draws its sources of meaning mainly from the Film industry, Art, Monuments and places, Literary texts and Graphic and Advertising itself, whilst, as far as logos is concerned, the source of meaning is purely linguistic. The study also shows that Intertextual visual metaphor semiosis has a variety of popular verbal or non-verbal references and depends on the socio-political context of the sample under investigation.</p>
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Wiseman, Rob. "Ancient Roman Metaphors for Communication." Metaphor and Symbol 22, no. 1 (2007): 41–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926480709336753.
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Wiseman, Rob. "Ancient Roman Metaphors for Communication." Metaphor and Symbol 22, no. 1 (2007): 41–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327868ms2201_2.
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Wyatt, Sally. "Metaphors in critical Internet and digital media studies." New Media & Society 23, no. 2 (2021): 406–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444820929324.
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Since its very early days, metaphors have been used by various powerful social actors to try to convey what the Internet is and what it could be used for, now and in the future. In this short essay, I make a plea for critical scholars of the Internet and digital media to be simultaneously careful and imaginative in their own choice of metaphorical language. I revisit some of the early and recurring metaphors, such as frontier, highway and library, to illustrate the evocative power of metaphor. I then examine the more recent metaphors of cloud computing and (big) data flow to justify why it remains important to focus on metaphors. Scholars in critical and digital media studies not only need to deconstruct the metaphors of the powerful but they also need to contribute new metaphors and new ways of describing and thinking about the future.
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Owen, William Foster. "Delimiting relational metaphors." Communication Studies 41, no. 1 (1990): 35–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10510979009368287.
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Woodside, Joseph M. "Organizational health management through metaphor: a mission-based approach." Journal of Health Organization and Management 32, no. 3 (2018): 374–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-05-2017-0098.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the underlying metaphors that hospitals use to establish their organizational mission. Metaphors impact the direction and managerial decision making of organizations, and provide a method to more easily communicate to a variety of stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachA text analytics process is run to evaluate the mission statements from the largest hospitals by revenue in each of the 50 states of the USA and District of Columbia to identify the types of metaphor-based organizational health management methods.FindingsA cluster analysis is generated to evaluate primary mission-based metaphors, and metatriangulation is used to evaluate output, develop theory and provide practical implications for healthcare management.Originality/valueKey contributions include a review of healthcare metaphors, an analysis for understanding commonly utilized metaphors, a theory building process for developing a new integrated value-based care management metaphor, and a value-based process is developed for providing healthcare managers an easy to follow and repeatable process for improving organizational communication.
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Cornelissen, Joep P., Cliff Oswick, Lars Thøger Christensen, and Nelson Phillips. "Metaphor in Organizational Research: Context, Modalities and Implications for Research — Introduction." Organization Studies 29, no. 1 (2008): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840607086634.
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We provide a general overview of previous work which has explored the use of metaphors in organizational research. Differences in focus and form of research on metaphors are noted. Work in organization theory (OT) and organizational communication (OC) generally features prescriptive metaphors that aid the practice of theorizing and research; research in organizational development (OD) tends to use metaphors for intervention in individual and group decision-making; while studies of organizational behaviour (OB) emphasize the metaphors-in-use within individuals' sensemaking accounts of critical events within their organization. Alongside these differences in focus, the form of metaphor analysis also differs across these contexts, ranging from text- and discourse-based analysis to the analysis of non-linguistic modalities such as pictorial signs, gestures and artefacts. Based on our overview of previous work, we call for greater attention to methodological issues around metaphor identification and analysis and outline a number of directions for further research.
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Solovyova, E. A. "METAPHOR IN PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION OF THE FRENCH MILITARY PERSONNEL IN THE EARLY XX CENTURY." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 2 (August 3, 2018): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-2-219-224.
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Social communication becomes a matter of considerable interest tocontemporary linguistics, and this research branch is interrelated with a speech act theory. Metaphor is one of the most expressive language devices and it is often used in the communication process. It allows one to realize the speaker’s pragmatic intention and to achieve the desired impact on the recipient. Basing on the speech acts theory, the author explores the communicative function of the metaphors selected from the French military vocabulary which dates from the early XX century. The author focuses on the metaphors encoding the military realities and shows that the metaphorical functioning is conditioned by the psychological and pragmatic needs which are closely connected to the everyday professional activity. Furthermore, the use of metaphors in the speech provides the way to manifest the military corporate identity.
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Dumov, Alexander. "Metaphor in the Structure of Exploring Complexity." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Humanities and Social Sciences 2020, no. 4 (2021): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2542-1840-2020-4-4-315-322.
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The paper presents a review of modern philosophical and methodological literature on exploring complexity. The research featured the effect of metaphor in the cognitive processes, research communication, and transmission of complex ideas. The author developed a classification of metaphors in the context of exploring complexity. The approach is based on the identification of a certain ontological and epistemic content of the metaphor. The contextual role of the metaphor in cognition processes depends on these aspects of its content. The author analyzed the groups of metaphors associated with such topics of exploring complexity as self-organization, ecology, and dialogue. The metaphors proved important in developing a complex vision of the relationship between the cognizer and the world. The study also examined the axiological aspects of the metaphors, as well as the connection between the metaphor and the new vision of rationality, typical of the philosophical reflection of complexity. The metaphor proved to have a heuristic, communicative, and organizational potential in conditions of methodological uncertainty. The context of philosophical and theoretical-methodological reflection of complexity makes it possible to study the metaphor in order to identify the existing models of exploring complexity and their cognitive stylistics.
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Malah, Zubairu, and Dinyo Shadrach Taiwo. "Conceptual Metaphors in President Muhammadu Buhari's Political Rhetoric." International Linguistics Research 3, no. 4 (2020): p27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/ilr.v3n4p27.
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Conceptual metaphors continue to receive scholarly attention from discourse analysts taking political discourse seriously. Studies are often interested in the versatile discourse functions of metaphors; how political leaders deploy them as powerful weapons in their armory of political oratory. Therefore, this study extends the current knowledge by exploring conceptual metaphors in President Muhammadu Buhari’s political rhetoric. It was guided by two major questions: (1) What types of conceptual metaphors does President Muhammadu Buhari deploy in his political rhetoric? and (2) What rhetorical functions do the Conceptual Metaphors deployed in President Muhammadu Buhari’s political rhetoric perform? The study’s theoretical impetus was Lakoff and Johnson’s (1980) Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), and Charteris-Black’s (2009) Contemporary Model of Metaphor and Political Communication was also applied in the analysis. The speeches analyzed include: (1) Muhammadu Buhari’s Presidential Primaries Speech, (2) Muhammadu Buhari’s Acceptance Speech, (3) Muhammadu Buhari’s Victory Speech and (4) Muhammadu Buhari’s (First) Presidential Inaugural Speech. The results show that President Buhari, in his political rhetoric, mostly uses HUMAN metaphors (32%), WAR metaphors (21%) and JOURNEY metaphors (16%). Moreover, further analysis revealed that Buhari mostly uses conceptual metaphors to establish his ethical integrity, heighten emotional impact and communicate his anti-corruption and political ideologies. The study concluded that conceptual metaphors are vital resources for construction of persuasion in President Muhammadu Buhari’s political rhetoric.
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Kalinin, Oleg I. "The Correlation Between Metaphor Density and the Message Persuasive Power." Current Issues in Philology and Pedagogical Linguistics, no. 2(2020) (June 25, 2020): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/2079-6021-2020-2-31-43.
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The article considers the problem of the communicative power of a metaphor, namely, how the density of metaphors in a message affects the persuasiveness of a given message. The author analyzes the research in the field of the speech impact of metaphorical messages, as well as studies that are aimed at analyzing the density of metaphors in the text. An empirical study based on the original technique checks the hypothesis that a larger number of metaphors in the text increases the power of speech exposure. In this case, the relationship of speech exposure with the metaphor perceived aptness is also investigated. As a research methodology, a survey of 80 respondents is used, who, after reading high-metaphorical, low-metaphorical and non-metaphorical texts, should have made a choice. An important feature of the methodology is the fact that the texts used in the experiment were almost identical in content, but at the same time they were distinguished by metaphor density and perceived aptness. The results showed that metaphorical expressions in all cases were more persistent than non-metaphorical ones. The correlation coefficient between the number of metaphors and the persistence of the message was 0.69, and taking into account perceived aptness - 0.73. The main conclusion of the study is that the higher the density of metaphors in the text, the higher the persuasiveness of a given speech message. However, to achieve a high level of speech exposure, the number of metaphors in the text should be consistent with the perceived aptness, that is, the specific density of metaphors in the text is determined by the genre and style features of the speech message. If the level of perceived aptness of metaphors is low, then increasing the number of metaphors has the opposite effect on persuasiveness. Communication with a low level of metaphor aptness becomes less pervasive, despite the number of metaphors.
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Tebbit, Simon, and John J. Kinder. "Translating developed metaphors." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 62, no. 3 (2016): 402–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.62.3.03teb.
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Cognitive understandings of metaphor have led to significant advances in understandings of how to translate metaphor. Theoretical accounts of metaphor not as a figure of speech but as a mode of thought, have provided useful tools for analysis and for translation work. This has usually happened at the level of individual metaphorical expressions, while the deeper lesson of cognitive theories has not been taken to heart by translation scholars, with a few signal exceptions. In this article we explore the potential of Conceptual Metaphor Theory for translating related metaphorical expressions within a specific text. We propose a model for understanding metaphor translation that takes as its unit of analysis not the individual metaphorical expression but the conceptual metaphor, of which the metaphorical expression is but a particular instantiation. It is this theoretical grounding that will allow us to propose a model for translating developed metaphors and related metaphorical expressions.
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Al-Azary, Hamad. "Metaphor Wars: Conceptual Metaphors in Human Life." Metaphor and Symbol 34, no. 4 (2019): 262–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926488.2019.1683962.
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Fuertes Olivera, Pedro A., and Isabel Pizarro Sánchez. "Translation and ‘similarity-creating metaphors’ in specialised languages." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 14, no. 1 (2002): 43–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.14.1.03fue.
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This corpus-based research deals with the translation of metaphor in specialised texts. In these texts, metaphor is both a cognitive tool and aesthetic device. Some metaphors, particularly those which create a new similarity, seem to develop into technical terms, and this can cause translation problems. The study focuses on metaphors for ‘inflation’ in English economics texts, and their translation into Spanish. The translation strategies are analysed and their results assessed.
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Knapton, Olivia, and Gabriella Rundblad. "Metaphor, discourse dynamics and register: applications to written descriptions of mental health problems." Text & Talk 38, no. 3 (2018): 389–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/text-2018-0005.
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Abstract Discursive approaches to metaphor recognize that different social contexts and discourse activities will influence metaphor use. Using a descriptive text written by a participant with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as a case study, we demonstrate how, in a research context, metaphors do not only serve a representational function but they can also build relationships between the researcher and the participant, create a persuasive piece of writing and construct multiple identities. Through an analysis of metaphors and their surrounding, non-metaphorical co-text, it is thus argued that studies exploring metaphor in elicited research data need to integrate considerations of the research context into their analyses to a greater extent. We also show how a discourse dynamics approach to metaphor can be combined with a systemic-functional approach to register in order to capture both the discursive functions of metaphors and their emergence as the text progresses.
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Pawełczyk, Agnieszka, Emilia Łojek, and Tomasz Pawełczyk. "Metaphor Processing in Schizophrenia Patients: A Study of Comprehension and Explanation of Metaphors." Psychology of Language and Communication 21, no. 1 (2017): 287–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/plc-2017-0014.
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Abstract The study assessed the quantity and quality of errors made by schizophrenia patients in understanding and interpretation of the same metaphors, to evaluate metaphor understanding and explanation depending on the type of presentation material, and to analyze the correlation of illness symptoms with metaphor comprehension and explanation. Two groups of participants were examined: a schizophrenia sample (40 participants) and a control group (39 participants). Metaphor processing was assessed by the subtests of the Polish version of the Right Hemisphere Language Battery (RHLB-PL). The patients were also evaluated with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Schizophrenia patients scored significantly lower in explanation of metaphors, making more incorrect literal and abstract mistakes or providing no answer more frequently. No differences were observed in understanding metaphors; no correlation between symptoms and metaphor processing was obtained. In both groups, picture metaphors were easier to comprehend and written metaphors were easier to comprehend than to explain.
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Vaivadaitė-Kaidi, Eglė. "Conceptual metaphors of TIME in translation: The Seasons by Kristijonas Donelaitis." Taikomoji kalbotyra, no. 4 (March 5, 2015): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/tk.2014.17471.
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This research focuses on conceptual TIME metaphors in Kristijonas Donelaitis’s The Seasons in order to supplement a so far scarce research in Lithuania of conceptual metaphors in translation, as time metaphors constitute fundamental aspects of culture and communication (Lakoff, Turner 1989). The present research aims to 1) analyze conceptual time metaphors in The Seasons and systemize them; 2) determine whether the metaphors are preserved in the translations of The Seasons: into Spanish (Caro Dugo 2013), English (Tempest 1985) and German (Passarge 1999).Text fragments were selected from The Seasons with hyponyms of the time concept which were analyzed based on the methodology of conceptual metaphors. Linguistic aspects of conceptual metaphors were compared with the mentioned translations. All the examples were analyzed based on the methodology of translation of linguistic aspects of conceptual metaphors as specified by Kövecses (2005).The following conceptual time metaphors were found in The Seasons: TIME IS OBJECT, TIME IS VOLUME, TIME IS LIMITED RIGHTS, TIME IS PLANT, TIME IS FOOD, TIME IS FESTIVAL, TIME IS MOVING OBJECT, TIME IS CHARACTER, TIME IS HUMAN, TIME IS ANIMAL.By comparing the linguistic aspects of the conceptual time metaphors in The Seasons by Donelaitis and the way they are rendered across several languages, it was determined that most often the conceptual metaphor in translation is preserved, i.e. the conceptual metaphor as well as its literal and figurative meaning are the same in both the original text and the translation. Only one case was found when the literal meaning and the underlying conceptual metaphors were different in the original and all three translations; however, the figurative meaning is maintained. In some cases the conceptual metaphor and its linguistic expression are different in the original text and the translation. Such cases probably occur due to the fact that the translator chooses a different source domain, which changes the conceptual metaphor and the mappings. Another reason could be concerned with the translator’s decision to distance himself/herself from the original due to linguistic and cultural aspects or text-specific factors.
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Johnson-Sheehan, Richard D. "Scientific Communication and Metaphors: An Analysis of Einstein's 1905 Special Relativity Paper." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 25, no. 1 (1995): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/0fgd-k5ar-b2rf-42wf.
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Examining the history of science from the perspective of metaphor suggests that there are few differences between the literal and the metaphorical in scientific discourse. The central role of metaphors in science seems to ensure that science is open-ended, suggesting that conceptions of reality will always be open to change and interpretation.
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Oļehnoviča, Ilze, Jeļena Tretjakova, and Solveiga Liepa. "Metaphors Instrumental in Achieving the Pragmatic Effect in Animal Rights Advertisements." Research in Language 18, no. 4 (2020): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.18.4.06.
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Metaphor can manifest itself in a variety of form including the visual one, which can be an extremely expressive means of communication. That is why visual metaphors are widely used by marketers and advertisers thus becoming a topical object of linguistic research programmes. The study of visual metaphor is tightly related to the study of conceptual metaphor as the target message delivered by a picture is derived from a certain source field that is employed for metaphorical representation. Another type of metaphor commonly used in visual representation is a multimodal metaphor. The present research dwells upon the study of metaphor use in animal rights protection advertisements. The hypothesis of the study is that visual metaphors present strong content that can activate emotions and contribute to the marketers’ desire to influence the audience.
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Leydesdorff, Loet, and Iina Hellsten. "Metaphors and Diaphors in Science Communication." Science Communication 27, no. 1 (2005): 64–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1075547005278346.
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Littlemore, Jeannette, and Sarah Turner. "Metaphors in communication about pregnancy loss." Metaphor and the Social World 10, no. 1 (2020): 45–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.18030.lit.
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Abstract Pregnancy loss, encompassing miscarriage, stillbirth and termination for foetal abnormality, can be considered a particularly intense and unique form of bereavement, which engenders difficult or painful emotions. When people are talking about such emotions, they have been found to make extensive use of metaphor (Semino, 2011). In this paper, we use metaphor analysis of a small corpus of interviews with individuals in England who have suffered such losses, and people who support them, to explore the nature of the bereavement. In particular, we focus on the ways in which metaphor is used to describe the experience of the loss, the effects that this loss has on people’s conceptions of themselves and their bodies, and the implications this has for recovery. We identify a number of characteristics that can lead the bereaved to conceptualise their realities in different ways, which have implications for the grieving process, the ways in which people respond to their grief, and ultimately their recovery.
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Rossi, Maria Grazia. "Metaphors and Persuasion in Healthcare Communication." Langages N° 222, no. 2 (2021): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lang.222.0059.
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Liaqat, Sidra. "Brush‐Knitted Metaphors." Visual Communication Quarterly 27, no. 3 (2020): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15551393.2020.1781642.
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Al-Ramahi, Ra'ed Awad. "Conventionalized Metaphors in Jordanian Colloquial Arabic: Case Study: Metaphors on Body Parts." International Journal of Linguistics 8, no. 5 (2016): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v8i5.10066.
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<p class="1"><span lang="X-NONE">Jordanian colloquial Arabic is rich with conventionalized metaphorical expressions. Indeed, these expressions make a high percentage in the daily speech of Jordanians. Though these expressions are metaphorically structured, their metaphorical sense has been lost for their wide literal use. This study aims at bringing an analysis to metaphors of body parts, which have become routinely used expressions in Jordanian colloquial Arabic. In addition, the study explores the impact of such metaphors on the effectiveness of social communication. The study is based on Lakoff and Johnson's view of metaphor as part of everyday speech. </span><span lang="X-NONE">Lakoff and Johnson reveal that metaphors are part of our everyday speech. In fact, conventionalized metaphors are metaphors that have become part of our conventional</span><span lang="X-NONE">knowledge of Arabic.</span></p>