Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Communication orale'
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Verone, Dorian. "L'écrit dans la procédure orale." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTD010.
Full textThe written procedure place in the oral one is a sensitive question. This oral procedure rests on two features : the first one is the absence of mandatory legal représentation, the second one rests on verbal exchange only. Civil procedure rules don’t anticipate in detail the written procedure place in the oral one, they only repeat the same phrase for every courts : « the parties may refer to claims and means they would formulate in writing as well. The parties’ claims are written in the case or recorded in the minutes. Facing the recurrent use of the writing in the procedures without mandatory legal representation, case laws stepped in deciding that the writing is only a subsidiary tool for the oral procedure. Notwithstanding, since 2010, the successive legislative reforms grant the writing its own authority. Thereby, the writing has the ability to be a fully fledged means of expression that may be used by the assisted parts or not. In practice, this evolution results from a marginalising of the oral procedure by the professionals, especially because of its difficulties to be compatible with the trial principles. The writing offers the prospect for the oral procedure to complete its structural loopholes
Minondo-Kaghad, Brigitte. "Le contrôle de la compréhension en situation de dialogues fonctionnels à distance : le cas du standardiste permanencier du S. A. M. U." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20038.
Full textThe situation of communication is under the influence of pragmatics factors. These factors are (1) the characteristics of the speakers, (2) the referent, and (3) the situation in which verbal exchange occurs. According to collaborative model, comprehension during a communication is elaborated turn by turn. Comprehension monitoring allows the speakers to assess and to check their comprehension during verbal exchanges. It consists of two modes: validation and checking. The first one is an agreement about what was said and the second one indicates an uncertainty. We assume that comprehension monitoring is under the influence of situation complexity which can be assessed through task complexity and speakers communicative competence. To examine this, we analyzed dialogs in a task involving medical assistance given by phone. We focused on activity carried out by the operator who has to cope with the emergency of the calls while monitoring data given by the caller. The results showed that comprehension monitoring was a very important process in functional dialogs between operator and callers. It indicated that comprehension monitoring increased with the complexity of the situation. The validation mode only increased with the increase in the complexity. This finding showed the necessity of collaboration between speakers to coordinate their individual comprehension states, step by step. In addition, the search of typical sequences of monitoring indicated different proceedings according to the mode of information presentation. These proceedings indicated double agreements in sequences that revealed shared representations between speakers. The discussion focused on the necessity to look for additional measures of monitoring by taking into account explicit and implicit comprehension monitoring, and invalidation
CONNAN, PIERRE YVES. "Etude, a la lumiere des temps de reaction, des strategies lexicales et des analyses phonetico-acoustiques en reconnaissance lexicale auditive, a partir de parole naturelle." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR20014.
Full textIf daily practice of oral communication shows how performant is the general processing of perception and comprehension of spoken utterances, we can't forget that spoken word recognition is an extremely complex phenomenon. On-going speech is naturally 'directional' in time but often incomplete, variable and very difficult to segment into discrete units. All these arguments seem incompatible with the intrinsic facility of understanding spoken language. This complexity is also due to the numerous steps (access, selection and integration) that constitute the lexical processing, and to the multiple relationships that exist within mental representations: phonological, morphological and semantic dimensions can interact at different levels and times in these processes. This study, based on a lexical decision task and on comportemental measurements (reaction times), should enable a better understanding of the organization of word recognition strategies. A major question addressed here, is to find out if auditory word recognition is facilitated (priming paradigm) when a word or a non-word prime and target share the same initial sequence, whose status, whether phonological or morphemic, may change access conditions to the mental lexicon. The results show a lack of phonological priming effect and the specific status of the initial morphemic syllable (prefix) as a factor that facilitates lexical decision. The data from large groups of untrained french listeners, classified by sex and age, are discussed in relation to interactive lexical recognition models such as the cohort theory, that have shown the priority of acoustic-phonetic analysis of the incoming speech signal ('bottom-up' information), the importance of word onsets and the role of 'top- down' information and processes
Colletta, Jean-Marc. "Analyse d'échanges exocommunicatifs en contexte judiciaire : essai de pragmatique interprétative." Grenoble 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE39006.
Full textTo investigate exocommunicative intercourses between judges and immigrants in juvenile court, we have worked out a pragmatic and interpretative analysis model of verbal interaction. Such a model allows precise description of linguistic behaviour, of its organisation in discourse and interaction, of its meaning and pragmatic function within the communicative context. It also allows an insight on the symbolic value of linguistic behaviour, which is due to its involoment in socio-psychological constraints and stakes that run through docially marked intercourses. The object of our study are tape-recorded hearings within which the judge summons immigrants to his office. Their analysis leads us to state that the most consistent misunderstanding that occur in these settings are less due to a linguistic gap between immigrants and judges than to communicative and cultural gaps. Solutions are sought to improve communication and contact between judges and immigrants
Bardin, Laurence. "Les relations interpersonnelles par telephone un exemple de communication mediatisee." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H028.
Full textBanniard, Michel. "Viva voce. Communication orale et communication ecrite du ive au ixe siecle en occident latin." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040057.
Full textBanniard, Michel. "Viva voce communication orale et communication écrite au IVe au IXe siècle en occident latin /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611564f.
Full textKamendoriūtė, Asta. "L’expression orale en classe de français." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_165216-17607.
Full textKomunikacijos svarba prisidėjo prie žodinės raiškos plėtojimo besimokant užsienio kalbų. Be lingvistinės kompetencijos didžiulė reikšmė teikiama tokioms kompetencijoms kaip sociolingvistinė, diskursinė, strateginė, sociokultūrinė bei socialinė. Žodinės raiškos plėtojimo pratimai suteikia pasitikėjimo savimi besimokantiems užsienio kalbų, padrąsina ne tik taisyklingai bendrauti užsienio kalba, bei skatina mokinių pasitikėjimą mokantis užsienio kalbos, konkrečiu atveju prancūzų kalbos.
The importance taken by the communication involved an increase for the development of competences in oral expression. The linguistic ability is not alone causes some, it is also necessary to develop competences sociolinguistic, discursive, strategic, sociocultural and social. The purpose of the activities of oral expression are to give confidence to learning, to make them acquire the will and the capacity to also use the language not only correctly, but in an effective way for communication.
Bilodeau, Chantale. "Des moyens d'expression de l'intensité dans le langage des jeunes Québécois /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2001. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textLe, Rat Anaëlle Bernard Marie. "Que deviennent les désirs de dire et de communiquer chez les personnes bègues ?" [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=43461.
Full textVincent-Durroux, Laurence. "La langue orale des sourds profonds oralistes : étude comparative (anglais/français)." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040157.
Full textOral productions from french and english profoundly deaf oral youths are studied. The following hypothesis is proposed : profound deafness, which implies specific conditions for language acquisition and for the development of cognition, is likely to have linguistic consequences, whatever the language spoken. The data are analysed from morphological, syntactic, and semantic points of view. Quantitative homogeneity is checked, before studying the functioning of corrections and repetitions, the setting of discourse themes, determiners, and temporal references. The data analysis shows the existence of regularities, with identical phenomena in french and in english. The correlations that appear throughout with the grammars of sign languages (which were created by deaf people), tend to support our hypothesis
Rousseau, Thierry. "Etude de la communication orale et des comportements de communication chez les patients atteints d'une maladie d'alzheimer." Caen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CAEN1112.
Full textPragmatic analysis of communication in patients suffering from alzheimer's disease within a communication situation where several themes are introduced in different forms of conversational exchanges shows the influence of a certain number of factors on these patients' communicative capacities : these factors may be personal, psychosocial, cognitive, linguistic or contextuel. In addition, the influence of these different factors brings about a modification of means of communication - both verbal and non verbal-acts-in particular by simplifying them and making them more automatic. The influence on communicative capacities of different factors related at the same time to normal and to pathological aging, with both its'organic and psychological consequences, makes it necessary to exercice caution as to the diagnosis and prognosis of alzheimer's disease, even more so as the problems of communication engendered may increase even further intellectual decline. However, consideration of these factors and the resulting modifications in communication methods may allows us to envisage a therapeutic approach to communication problems shown by patients suffering from alzheimer's disease
Lapointe, Fernand. "Quelques grammaires françaises pour anglophones et quelques problèmes d'expression orale chez les étudiants anglophones de niveau très avancé /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1993. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textGayraud, Frédérique Jisa Harriet. "Le développement de la différenciation oral / écrit vu à travers le lexique." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2000/fgayraud.
Full textDeleu, Christophe. "Usages, fonctions et portée de la parole des gens ordinaires à la radio." Lille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL20001.
Full textIn our society nowadays all medias are in position of hyper competition : an ever growing tendency to an audience logic (a mercantile logic). At the same time ordinary people's talk is more and more heard on the radio in several programmes: forum, "coach programmes" and radio documentaries. It may sometimes give the impression that the radio tends to a civic logic by welcoming anonymous people in the media sphere. Isn't there a contradiction between a mercantile logic and a civic one ? We may legitimately wonder if by doing so - letting the ordinary people express themselves on the air - radio is pursuing a civic logic aiming at widening the democratic space and encouraging a better knowledge and understanding of the world we live in. Or, on the contrary, pursuing a "audien027230538ce logic" since the purpose of the radio is - first at all - to reach and widen its audience. .
Kostulski, Katia. "Communication et rationalités collectives dans les équipes de travail : analyse formelle des transmissions écrites et orales au sein de deux équipes de soins à l'hôpital." Nancy 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN21030.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to formally analyze a professional transaction in its cognitive aspects: the transmission in nurses' teams at hospital. The transmission is a professional activity of care teams (nurses and assistants) that tends towards a continuity of work even if this work is broken by the turnover of successive work teams. The thesis that we defend is that it is possible to have access to the group's rationality by the analysis of the verbal (oral and written) expression of its members. The oral and written transmissions are clinically analyzed. The written transmissions appear in a case-history. The oral transmissions constitute a special moment of work, in which the team who leaves it works meets the team who arrives. The oral and written transmissions of two different departments of the hospital are analyzed: the transmissions of a department of palliative cares and the transmissions of a department of general medicine. We analyze those transmissions as transactions that are registered in a socio-professional and organizational setting. For the analysis, we place ourselves in the epistemological setting of the ethnomethodology and in the theorical setting of the interlocutory logic, and we complete this last on its cognitive dimension. Then we search for a logical system that enables us to interpret cognitively theses conversational or monological structures. We propose that the reasoning that is supported by verbal propositions can be analyzed as natural deductions that extend the cognitive interpretations of illocutions. To analyze these transmissions, we make the hypothesis, and we demonstrate that the organizational structure of a department (particularly the work's object) has an influence on the transmission's elements and the organization of these elements in the oral and written transmission
Tijani, Mufutau Adebowale. "Difficultés de communication orale : enquête sur les stratégies de communication des apprenants nigérians de français en situation exolingue." Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA1011.
Full textOur thesis falls within the context of researches on communicative strategies in foreign language (PORQUIER, 1979; FAERCH & KASPER, 1980 ; RILEY, 1985 ; BANGE, 1992) and those on exolingual communication, defined as verbal interaction «characterised by significant differences in the participants’ respective linguistic competence» (PY & ALBER, 1986). We investigated on Nigerian French language undergraduates’ major oral production and comprehension difficulties during a face to face interaction with a Francophone and their efforts in overcoming those difficulties. Data were gathered through three different methods: questionnaire, audio and video recording of exolingual interactions as well as individual retrospective interview with the students on their communicative experience with the Francophone. While analysing students’ communicative behaviours we paid particular attention to “compensatory strategies” (RILEY, 1985) also referred to as “strategies aimed at achieving communication objectives” (BANGE, 1992) such as code mixing, reformulation, self-correction, word coinage as well as explicit and implicit request for assistance. At the end of the study, we proposed some pedagogical readjustments towards the improvement of students’ oral communicative competence during their language immersion programme at the nigerian inter-university centre for French studies called “Nigeria French Language Village”
Vavasseur, Yvette. "La médiation de la voix dans la communication pédagogique : le cas d’adultes en formation." Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR2014.
Full textJao, Lester Mtwana. "Enseignement/apprentissage de la composante orale à travers Parlons français, méthode de FLE élaborée au Kenya à partir de la problématique de l’approche communicative." Thesis, Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU1015/document.
Full textMost languages taught consist of two components: the written and oral components. The latter, commonly referred to as “oral”, does not seem to interest many researchers of French as a Foreign Language in Kenya. In this country most researches conducted in the area of French as a Foreign Language focus mainly on the written component of the language. The few researchers who have ventured into the oral domain have dealt mainly with the teaching and learning of the oral component of language in general. It is noteworthy that studies on the oral component in a given French textbook in Kenya have not yet been carried out. This is what prompted us to undertake this study, which generally aims at determining the extent to which Parlons français conforms to principles and requirements of the Communicative Approach – the teaching methodology on which this textbook is based. In particular, in this study we ask ourselves the following crucial questions: In what way does Parlons français conform to principles and requirements of the Communicative Approach regarding the teaching and learning of the oral component of French as a Foreign Language? What importance is accorded to “oral” and “oralité” in this particular textbook? How are these two facettes of the oral component presented in the textbook? What difficulties do teachers and learners of French using Parlons français in the teaching and learning of the oral component encounter in Kenyan secondary schools? Our study seeks to provide answers to these questions
Sedjelmaci, Mohammed El Amine. "La communication entre enfants à 3 ans en dyades mixtes et unisexuées." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H097.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to examine the early effect of sex on the communication between 3 years old algerian children in dyadic situation. 9 girlgirl dyads, 9 boy-boy dyads and 9 mixed-sex dyads of familiar peers were observed without adult present in an experimental setting and videotaped without their knowledge. The setting countained many objects and all were in duplicate. Recent researchs showed that exchanges between 3 years old peers are principally based upon reciprocal imitation and other researchs showed that for girls, language appears earlier. These constats raised the problem of different utilisation of communication register according to the sex. So there would be less communication in mixed-sex dyads and the verbal exchanges would be renforced in girl-girl dyads. And the imitation would be more important in boy-boy dyads. On the other hand, according to the sex of partner, girls or boys would modified their communication behaviors. The results show that reciprocal imitation remains as the principal means of communication, whatever the situation (same-sex or mixed-sex) and whatever the child'sex. The verbal exchanges are renforced in girl-girl dyads versus mixed dyads. The verbal exchanges are equivalent for boy-boy dyads and mixed dyads. As the verbal initiations are steady for girls and for boys whatever the partner'sex, there is no adaptation to the social partner from the more competent (girls) or from the less competent (boys)
Even, Fabrice. "Extraction d'Information et modélisation de connaissances à partir de Notes de Communication Orale." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00109400.
Full textLes Notes de Communication Orale sont des textes issus de prises de notes réalisées lors d'une communication orale (entretien, réunion, exposé, etc.) et dont le but est de synthétiser le contenu informatif de la communication. Leurs contraintes de rédaction (rapidité et limitation de la quantité d'écrits) sont à l'origine de particularités linguistiques auxquelles sont mal adaptées les méthodes classiques de Traitement Automatique des Langues et d'Extraction d'Information. Aussi, bien qu'elles soient riches en informations, elles ne sont pas exploitées par les systèmes extrayant des informations à partir de textes.
Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une méthode d'extraction adaptée aux Notes de Communication Orale. Cette méthode, nommée MEGET, est fondée sur une ontologie modélisant les connaissances contenues dans les textes et intéressantes du point de vue des informations recherchées (« ontologie d'extraction »). Cette ontologie est construite en unifiant une « ontologie des besoins », décrivant les informations à extraire, avec une « ontologie des termes », conceptualisant les termes du corpus à traiter liés avec ces informations. L'ontologie des termes est élaborée à partir d'une terminologie extraite des textes et enrichie par des termes issus de documents spécialisés. L'ontologie d'extraction est représentée par un ensemble de règles formelles qui sont fournies comme base de connaissance au système d'extraction SYGET. Ce système procède d'abord à un étiquetage des instances des éléments de l'ontologie d'extraction présentes dans les textes, puis extrait les informations recherchées. Cette approche est validée sur plusieurs corpus.
Nguyen, Minh Thang. "La compréhension orale en environnement multimédia." Rouen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ROUEL436.
Full textEven if the integration of educational technology in teaching/learning languages is, indeed, of interest, up to present, the utilisation of such a new form of teaching aids istill not yet widely spread, as for the case of Vietnam. With this present study, we will closely look into the assistance provided by these multimedia teaching aids in the field of oral comprehension competency. Therefore, we will, firstly, analyse research work done in this field of studies. Next, we will try to trackle issues which have been questioned during the pedagogical process od designing a multimedia tool. Lastely, we will present some new principles concerning the conception and the elaboration of a multimedia product
Mell, Jeremy. "Etude des communications verbales entre pilote et controleur en situation standard et non-standard." Toulouse 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU20042.
Full textPilot-controller communications provide an example of task oriented dialogue applied to a specific, safety-criticaldomain. The standardising effects of an official phraseology and of the routine nature of the tasks involved are observed in utterance forms (restricted vocabulary, fossilised, elliptical syntax), in the conventional interpretation of speech acts, and in interactive discourse structures (recurrent speech act and exchange sequences). Nevertheless, certain gaps in the phraseology, as well as situational variables (notably thel1 orl2 status of thelanguage used) cause a significant degree of formal variation. The resulting dialogue is more complex and the interpretation of certain speech acts is context-dependent. This inherent tendency becomes a dominant feature of communications in non-standard situations
Fischer-Rat, Annemarie. "Les comportements de communication chez des sujets atteints d'autisme sévèrement déficitaire." Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA1020.
Full textLongin, Dominique. "Interaction rationnelle et évolution des croyances dans le dialogue : une logique basée sur la notion de topique." Toulouse 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU30138.
Full textChateau, Anne. "Anglais de spécialité : la communication orale à objectifs spécifiques : une approche expérimentale du guidage." La Rochelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LAROF008.
Full textThis action research project aimed to improve oral expression for specific purposes of young researchers from Henri Poincaré University in Nancy. The objective was thus to answer both many young French scientists' needs and a local demand. Consulting various domains, in order to understand the specificity of oral scientific discourse and the numerous elements influencing language learning, was thus necessary to build the theoretical framework that helped to design a coherent pedagogical curriculum. Furthermore, the implementation of a guidance system to help students continue working on their own, emphasized one of the main characteristics of didactic action: the necessary adaptation of theories to any context and its practical demands in order to get social recognition
Béhague, Dominique. "Analyse multimodale de l'émotion dans un discours convaincant." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/126275025#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe historic dimension of the notion of emotion and its stakes in speech shows that this one is joined into a problem of control of its expression in the language. We want to prove that to communicate their feelings social actors operate verbal and not verbal language strategies. For it we built an experiment in several phases. We show at first to teachers a video on the violence to infer emotion. They train twice to argue their point of view before repeating last time their performances in front of an addressee. We stress then by order either the demonstration of the emotion, or the demonstration of argumentation (gestures) or both. We so want to know which are the indicators which the subjects choose to stage to answer these contracts. This experimentation allowed to fix four types of speeches which were presented to subjects so that they identify the most convincing. The results bring to light: a) that the speech of the emotion consists at the same moment of indicators which the subject chooses voluntarily to stage and the other emotional involuntary underlying demonstrations more anchored in gestuality ; b) subjects in reception estimate as all the more convincing the speeches which appeal to the emotional dimension of the communication. We so demonstrated the importance of this dimension in the argumentative speeches
Petit, Charles Emmanuèle Besse Jean-Marie. "Les compétences énonciatives argumentatives de lycéens en seconde générale et professionnelle." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2004. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2004/petit_e.
Full textScheffer, Pierre. "Le formulisme dans la recherche anthropologique de Marcel Jousse (1886-1961)." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040273.
Full textThe first aim of this thesis is to restore Marcel Jousse's research in its principal components. .
Favart, Françoise. "La représentation de " l'oralité populaire"dans quelques romans du second XXème siècle (1966-2006)." Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100090.
Full textThis study aims to analyse the way popular speech is represented in several French novels of the second half of the 20th century (1966-2006). The theoretical part offers definitions of the polysemous concepts of ‘orality’ and ‘popular’; linguistic markers are also presented which, from the sociolectic standpoint, are frequently treated as connoting popular speech. The analysis of the phenomena of popular orality which the 1966-2006 corpus demonstrates, and likewise the synthesis of the data provided in the second and third parts, allow the author to highlight changes in the way popular speech has been represented in literature over this period, with reference to the first half of the century as well. Furthermore, this study shows that popular language, as reconstructed by the writers, is an artefact, based on a perspective of the spoken language shifting between its actual and its imagined use. Popular language as it is represented is therefore a decoy, based on the use of a code. In the last analysis, the author poses the question as to whether popular language really exists, or whether in fact it concerns an operational notion rather than a true linguistic phenomenon
Roussanaly, Azim. "Dial, la composante dialogue d'un système de communication orale homme-machine finalisée en langage naturel." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10461.
Full textRoussanaly, Azim. "DIAL, la composante dialogue d'un système de communication orale homme-machine finalisée en langage naturel." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376182738.
Full textLiu, Xue Wei. "La communication orale dans l'enseignement du français langue étrangère en Chine : contribution à une didactique." Besançon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BESA1011.
Full textEbel, Serge. "La parole du schizophrène paranoïde : contribution aux études de l'énonciation du schizophrène." Metz, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992METZ003L.
Full textThe study of enunciation of the paranoid schizophrenic can be useful in clinical psychology and in psycho-pathology. It doesn't allow, strictly, to educe some linguistic constants, which would specify a kind of talking. However, the particularisms of the use of certain linguistical forms nearly all put in obviousness a rupture between the subject of the wording and the subject of the enunciation. After doing a recall about the theories of the enunciation; a glimpse of the language's psychopathological thesis, on analyse of the conditions of accessibility to the language and some linguistical and psycho-pathological remarks about the symbolization, we'll introduce the questions of the methods of analyse of the oral talking constituting the corpus. It deals with a paraphrastical method which enters upon the oral text in its totality, in search of the laws of the proper functioning to the texts. The results insist essentially on the fact that the defaulting psychological organization of the psychotics has some repercussions on the linguistical indicatories : the use of the "self-i" is peculiar in the sense of its absence or of a too important insistence ; the use of the temporals and spatial deictics is inappropriate ; the anaphorical "that" is omnipresent ; the subject is not very engaged in the action of his talking. Furthermore, it appears thatthe linguistical sign is inconsistent ; something resists to the access of the signification. The semantical lapses, the textual ruptures, the entanglement of the narrative levels are risen to the rank of interlocutive strategy. In a word, the schizophrenic gives evidence in the handling of the linguistical tool of his permanent difficulty to distinguish the different instancies (entreaties) of enunciation
Loignon, Alexandra. "L'ajustement des expressions référentielles lors d'une interaction verbale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27064.
Full textTheories from collaborative and egocentric views of language research have been elaborated to explain adjustments in verbal productions when a speaker interacts with an addressee. These theories are in conflict on the view proposing that perspective-taking occurs during the initial planning of the verbal production, allowing the speaker to meet the real needs of the addressee. The current project addresses this issue with two experiments, both utilizing the same experimental design. The task in this study was developed to differentiate between different types of adjustment (i.e. adjustments based on different sources of information). Results suggest that speakers first produce information that they themselves know and subsequently add information when needed. Overall, speakers were collaborative and adjusted their speech in a second stage during the interaction to meet the addressee’s real needs. This adjustment occurred early in the interaction, and particularly when speakers could rely on a heuristic of prototypical knowledge about their addressee. Under certain circumstances though (for instance, when meeting an addressee with extremely limited knowledge), speakers took into account their real addressee’s needs and introduced the stimuli with the most relevant information, but specifically when this addressee was met before an addressee with more prototypical knowledge.
Ratsimiseta, Rajaonarivony Maury Hanitriniaina. "Cohérence dans le discours oral en français langue étrangère : démarches et procédés d'identification et d'évaluation." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT3030.
Full textEvaluation is a fundamental step in the learning process. Yet that of oral production remains difficult to achieve, despite the setting up of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. This research is aimed at perfecting narrative discourse in French as a foreign language, particularly as far as coherence is concerned. The objective is to arrive at a global evaluation, whilst taking all the parameters into account, with the identification of topics as a pertinent point of convergence. Orientated towards referential and relational coherences, the exploratory procedures used are based on a modular approach (Geneva model), which implies a fine analysis of the data of the microstructure, a posteriori, which is important for the interpretation of the macrostructure. Given the particularities demanded by a quality procedure and required by a modular approach, the evaluation of coherence seems to be more complex. One of the solutions proposed is to introduce automatic language processing software, which would give added value to other current devices, but which would require interdisciplinary research
Benecke, Cord. "Mimischer Affektausdruck und Sprachinhalt : interaktive und objektbezogene Affekte im psychotherapeutischen Prozess /." Bern : P. Lang, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388484670.
Full textNguyen, Phuong-Nga. "Développement de l'expression orale chez les écoliers des classes bilingues par la perspective actionnelle : cas des élèves de CM1 et de CM2 à l'école Nam Tành Công_Hanoï (Vietnam)." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT3047.
Full textWe are interested in the development and the improvement of the teaching of oral expression of French as a second language (FSL) for pupils of bilingual classes in Vietnam. By observing the status of oral courses in various bilingual classes at primary schools in Vietnam, we found that the motivational dynamic plays a very important role in the development of oral expression of pupils in class. We defined our hypotheses by taking into account four main factors influencing to the motivational dynamic of oral expression of Vietnamese pupils in FSL classes: age, teacher, family and educative culture. By renouncing the traditional pedagogy which uses the magistral courses and emphasizes on the knowledge acquisition, we inspired the action-oriented approach proposed by CECRL (Cadre européen commun de référence pour les langues) for our experimental courses. In fact, in light of the actional perspective, the defined hypotheses led us to the application of different pedagogical and didactical methods of FSL teaching to a sample of pupils of CM1 - 1st year of medium courses 1 and CM2 - 2nd year of medium courses at Nam Thanh Cong primary school (Hanoï, Vietnam). The experimental results show the potential of our approaches in the development and the improvement of oral expression skills for young vietnamese FSL learner
Bregeon, Marie. "Analyse des rapports à la culture scripturale scolaire chez les élèves de SEGPA de culture pratico-orale et leur évolution." Paris 12, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA120061.
Full textThe aim of our thesis is to understand how the relationships of SEGPA pupils towards written school culture operate and what are the stokes in them. For that purpose, we will bring up what the fealures of these pupils oral culture transmitted in school. It relies on the theorical corpus elaborated during the past thirty years, and on the pupils representations collected among them throuhout interviews. Thus, we enhance the differences, oppositions and articulations that can be possible between these two cultural patterns. We settle thereafter an example of a pedagogical practice whose objective is ti articulate the norms and values inherent in these two patterns : story telling from SEGPA pupils to last year nursery school children
Drescher, Martina. "Verallgemeinerungen als Verfahren der Textkonstitution : Untersuchungen zu französischen Texten aus mündlicher und schriftlicher Kommunikation /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35619421j.
Full textBéhague, Dominique Bromberg Marcel Frigout Sophie. "Analyse multimodale de l'émotion dans un discours convaincant." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2008. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/consult.php?url_these=theses/BehagueThese.pdf.
Full textJuanchich, Marie. "La communication de l'incertitude : signification et choix des probabilités verbales dans le contexte légal." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20104.
Full textVerbal probabilities (e. G. , "there is a chance" or "it is likely") are linguistic quantifiers of uncertainty. They embody lay individuals' and experts' favourite mode for communicating uncertainties, in both daily life and critical contexts. Most of the time, verbal probabilities are understood to communicate a fuzzy numerical meaning. However, an alternative perspective asserts that they also have another characteristic feature, the so-called directionality. Accordingly, verbal probabilities are said to focus the recipient's attention on the possible occurrence of the target event (e. G. , there is a chance) or on its possible non-occurrence (e. G. , it is uncertain). The main goal of this thesis was to contrast these two views of verbal probabilities. These two properties (fuzzy numerical meaning and directionality) and their relationship from the speaker's and the listener's point of view were investigated. A secondary goal was to gain a better understanding of the predictors of verbal probability choices, conceptualised as involving two decisions: one concerning the probability to be conveyed and one concerning the directionality. Eight experiments were conducted in a Police investigation context where the uncertain event was a suspect's guilt. Results showed that the directionality of verbal probabilities is perceived independently of their numerical meaning and is determined by contextual cues. Furthermore, results showed that the fuzzy numerical meaning of verbal probabilities predicted their directionality and that these two properties were determined by the outcome's probability of occurrence. Finally, directionality choices were characterized by a strong preference for positive phrases whereas negative verbal probabilities choices were restricted to situations involving specific comparison processes. To summarize, this work contributes to the knowledge of uncertainty communication and highlights the need to address issues pertaining to the communication of uncertainty in a pragmatic perspective as it was revealed that the meaning of verbal probabilities as well as their choice is substantially affected by contextual cues
Rispail, Marielle. "Pour une socio-didactique de la langue en situation multiculturelle : le cas de l'oral." Grenoble 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE39036.
Full textIn a zep (zone d'education prioritoire, area with governmental priority given to its special educational needs), the learners' success seems to depend on their language fluency : that latter will entail their learning steps, their identity elaboration and their social and school integration. This ph. D. Aims at deciphering the field of a didactics of oral skills, pondering on its basis. How can competencies such as the means to a successful school integration and the various learning steps that derive from it, be developed in middle-school students ? to answer that question, we deemed it necessary to first observe what the learners know how to do in terms of oral skills, how they picture the act of speaking in their own minds and how they resort to it. On a methodological level, we feel the analysis of semi-guided and guided interviews will emphasize the various components of pre-teenagers' oral language, in a school context. On a pedagogical and didactic level, we make the hypothesis that building and practicing, in a class, a reflexive, interaction-based and transversal oral (way of speaking) will induce the modification of -if not the grounding of our school system, at least some of its ways of functioning. After introducing the sociological, linguistic, pedagogical and didactic framework of our research, we will focus on the representations about the way of speaking, the discursive and textual competencies that derive from the learners' taped words. Our second part studies the interactions at stake during conversations between students or between students and on adult. In our third part, we would like to show how reflexivity, at all levels, is inherent to the language habits that the school institution expects and how this reflexivity could very well facilitate the mastery of various knowledge, methods and abstract thinking. Some guidelines put together in a conclusive part will attempt to draw some consequences from the preceding descriptions. It seems to us that a didactics of oral skills that would not be grounded in the social features of on individual learner is doomed to fail. It would also draw to failure a school that earnestly aims at providing the best opportunities to all learners and thus transform the society
Bouaouli, Souad. "Aspects de la communication de catastrophe dans une société à tradition orale : entre action civique et action institutionnelle." Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100162/document.
Full textWhen the technical and professional tools become ineffective to the extent of a disaster, the social arrangements in situ reach them by stretching aid interventions and support necessary for resilience. In the long term, these social structures contribute to the survival of cultural and history of the place affected. The two investigations into the flooding of Bab El Oued (November 2001) and the earthquake in Boumerdes / Algeria (May 2003) in Algeria, were used as raw material for this study as part of a team of researchers from the laboratory Cris Series de Paris X Nanterre. This study highlights a particular aspect of the anthropology of communication: oral communication "in disarray", its role in disaster management and its problems induced by the logic of action and rationality to the situation. In a first step, the working hypothesis used is confirmed by the results showing that the oral culture, by its proximity to, mobility and reciprocity provides the necessary means to the people to confront the crisis and hardship. This means that the collective representations shared in society promote not only the creation of communication but also, common content for the exchange of ideas, feelings and actions converge, ect. In Algeria, our field investigation, a set of standards, codes, specific practices, etc.. manages this communication and give to it a specific aspect. It follows that before the disaster, the various manifestations of popular culture have been able to resist and overcome the time tests. The crisis appears in this case, as an organizer of the communication and therefore of the action. Because persons are seeking for the information, deal it,check it and check it against in their circles. In summary, they organize the information and diffuse it in taking consideration of the crisis evolution and using typical processes such as “do it yourself” and improvisation. In a second step, the crisis strengthens the sense of identity and reveals different rationalities. Indeed, the action logics in a crisis are many and various. Therefore, the action is defined by the normative and cultural orientations of actors than by the nature of social relations. The relationship between these two complementary dimensions is, therefore, a logic action. However, this logic is often not taken into account at the professional interventions of emergency management. These, adopt methods and intervention techniques which give little importance to these characteristics, making their tasks on the ground more stringent and generating communication problems. It appears that these devices have face significant challenges in the management of emergencies, putting them face to the reality on the ground which does not or little adequate to their strict and rigid methods. They are involved in installing new problems by limiting access to essential information but also access to knowledge and training. However, access to information requires access to training and knowledge. Not only material poverty but also the deficiencies in information contribute to maintain high vulnerability of a population as it widens the gap between popular information and expert information, both being essential to effectiveness of any communication plan crisis
Boyer, Bruno. "La dénomination orale et écrite d'actions : comparaison avec la dénomination d'objets." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CLF20005.
Full textZghaibeh, Rasha. "La chanson française comme outil didactique : pour un nouvel enseignement / apprentissage de l'oral en classe de FLE en Syrie." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30050.
Full textSénéchal, Kathleen. "L'enseignement, l'apprentissage et l'évaluation de la communication orale dans la classe de français au secondaire québécois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28633/28633.pdf.
Full textOspina, Garcia Santiago. "Les effets de l’enseignement de stratégies de communication orale en cours d’espagnol, langue étrangère en France." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100108.
Full textIn this action research we have designed a pedagogical program aimed at developing the strategic competence of a group of multilingual students learning Spanish at the European Franco-German Campus of Sciences Po Paris in Nancy (France). We taught specific oral communication strategies in order to study the effects of this learning experience based, on the one hand, on students’ use of strategies before and after our intervention and, on the other hand, on their opinions and attitudes towards the learning of strategies in the classroom. We used several research instruments to collect a significant amount of data that allowed us to answer our four research questions: (1) What are the oral communication strategies used by the students at the beginning and end of the research? (2) Does the teaching of specific oral communication strategies raise the use of these strategies? (3) What impact do retrospective interviews have on our research? (4) What are the students’ attitudes towards the teaching of specific oral communication strategies? The data analyzed was collected from four monological language tasks before and after our intervention. Results show that the use of taught strategies increased whereas the use of non-taught strategies decreased. It was also observed that students’ language proficiency improved. Regarding the contribution of the retrospective interviews to our research, this technique helped us to access “invisible” data that allowed us to understand some of the mental processes that led learners to produce a range of communication strategies. Finally, students stated that they enjoyed and learned from this learning experience
En esta investigación-acción, hemos creado un dispositivo pedagógico destinado a desarrollar la competencia estratégica oral de un grupo de estudiantes multilingües que aprenden español en el Campus Europeo Franco-Alemán de Sciences Po Paris, ubicado en Nancy (Francia). Hemos enseñado estrategias de comunicación oral específicas para estudiar los efectos de esta enseñanza a partir, de un lado, del uso de estrategias por parte de los estudiantes, antes y después de nuestra intervención y, de otro lado, de sus opiniones sobre el dispositivo pedagógico. Se utilizaron varios instrumentos de investigación para recoger una gran cantidad de datos a fin de responder a las cuatro preguntas de investigación: (1) ¿Cuáles son las estrategias de comunicación oral utilizadas por los estudiantes al principio y al final de la investigación? (2) ¿La enseñanza de estrategias específicas de comunicación oral hace aumentar el uso de estas estrategias? (3) ¿Qué aporta la entrevista retrospectiva a la investigación sobre la enseñanza de estrategias de comunicación oral? (4) ¿Qué balance hacen los estudiantes de la enseñanza/aprendizaje en clase de estrategias de comunicación oral específicas? Los análisis se realizaron en cuatro tareas orales (monólogos) antes y después de nuestra intervención pedagógica. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes usaron más las estrategias enseñadas y disminuyeron el uso de estrategias que no fueron enseñadas. También observamos que el nivel de lengua mejoró. Con respecto al aporte de la entrevista retrospectiva, esta técnica nos dio acceso a datos “invisibles” que nos ayudaron a comprender algunos de los procesos mentales que llevaron a los estudiantes a producir diferentes estrategias de comunicación oral. Finalmente, los estudiantes dijeron haber disfrutado y sacado provecho de esta experiencia pedagógica
Planes, Louis-Marie. "Pour une communication orale efficace en langue anglo-américaine : gestion de l'apprentissage chez des apprenants adultes." Grenoble 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE39032.
Full textThe ressearch undertaken in this survey aims as a basic objective, to demontrate hew en oral communication in the anglo-american : language can be developed and how it becomes efficient as it continously relies on a learning approach and on varied incentive strategies which have been experimented for many years with different types of adult learners
Lorenzo-Basson, Marie-Cécile. "La vente à domicile : stratégies discursives en interaction." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/lorenzo_mc.
Full textThis research lies within the theoretical frame of the Discourse-in-Interaction Analysis. Heir of various interactionists trends (conversation analysis, microsociology, etc. ) and linguistics ("Austino-Searlien" and "Gricéen" models, School of Geneva, etc. ), this frameworks practices and asserts an eclectic approach. The model and tools available are in the service of a single aim : to release the rules that under tighten the operation of the verbal interactions. The scientific step needs to be empirical and descriptive. The idea of a "discourse-in-interaction analysis" is all the more relevant when we consider the study of the verbal interaction in door-to-door selling. This type of commercial meetings bring together a salesman (or canvasser) who solicits a prospective customer (a private individual) on his own place of residence in order to sell him an encyclopaedia in several volumes. The originality of this situation lies in the fact that the salesman dissimulates the true goal of his visit : he pretends to carry out an investigation about the means of information used by the inhabitants of the district. The object of this work is the way by which, by his speech and in the interaction with his interlocutor, the salesman manages to obtain the engagement of the private individual in the meeting, then in its progression until the proposal for a purchase of the product. It proposes a description of the linguistic strategies used by the door-to-door salesman (the linguistic politeness, to engage and facilitate the dialog, the progressive introduction of the product intended for the sale, etc. ) and insists on the fact that it takes meaning and value only in the interaction with the other