Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Communication verbale et non verbale'
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KWON, JONG BUN. "Strategies de communication verbales et non verbales d'etudiantes coreennes en cours d'apprentissage de francais langue etrangere." Besançon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BESA1007.
Full textFor our thesis, which is a study of the verbal and nonverbal behaviour of two korean students learning french in france, we opted for a longitudinal study spread over a year. This study puts to the fore some general strategies as well as strategies peculiar to each of the learners; and at the same time, an evolutary role in the production of their spoken utterances. In actual fact, this study describes the nonverbal strategies adopted by our two learners in their utterances, in an + exolingue ; situation as a facilitating device, or a linguistic compensation. The use of these communication strategies differ from one individual to the other in relation to their linguistic evolution in the learning process, to their personality and their cultural back groud etc. But there also existe some general procedures at all levels of the learning process, such as repetition, reformulation and autocorrection. As far as the nonverbal strategies are concerned, our two koreans first of all resorted to gesture in the organisation of their spoken utterances. They indeed, quite often, have the tendacy of beating the rythm of their utterances and accentuating the words with a movement of the hand. This type of gesture serves, in our opinion, to facilitate the formilation of the sentence; a tendacy which dimunishes in the evolution of the learning process as shown in video-recordings. They also use gesture to liberate the speech process, to enhance it ant to overcome + obstacles ; which could be linguistic, psychological or situational etc. These two types of gestures observed, show that motrice activities are necessary in the transfomation of thought into speech, at the advanced stage of the learning process, the use of gestures as facilitators and stimuli, become less important. These are replaced by other more natural gestures which are in harmony with the message being put aross. The identification of functions of gesture in the spoken utterances of the two korean learners seems to prove that gesture facilitates speech production. The first two functions of gestures observed, are not to give infomation, but to facilitate the encoding process of the non-native speaker. This study also reveals the precedence of gesture over speech, or at least their concomitance, or their synchronisation in the final analysis, we have noticed that gesture and speech over lap to convey meaning
SCHEER, GUERRERO CATHERINE. "La communication verbale et non verbale chez les personnes agees dementes." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOM018.
Full textDi, Pastena Angela. "Communication verbale et non verbale dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : une atteinte globale ou différenciée ?" Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30057/document.
Full textProgressive and inexorable deficits in verbal communication skills in Alzheimer's patients disrupt their relationship with others, impinge their quality of life and that of their caregivers. This thesis aimed at considering whether, in cases of chronic deficits such as Alzheimer's disease, the impaired use of spoken language in these patients went hand in hand with an impaired production of co-verbal gestures. To inquire about this issue, we used a social interaction task, using pictorial material in order to reflect, in an ecological way, everyday life communication situations. Overall, we observed that if the verbal production of Alzheimer's patients is deficient, production of gestures related to speech is not impaired. The results are consistent with a differentiated impairment of verbal and gestural communication skills in patients and sets ground for investigating the existence of two parallel systems of communication that would interact with each other at different levels of message processing. Moreover, results suggest that patients suffering from severe disease can compensate lexical deficits by increasing their production of deictic gestures, rendering visible the verbal referent. Theoretical and clinical perspectives can be considered so that co-verbal gestures and non-verbal communication may constitute a therapeutic lever in the intervention provided to Alzheimer’s patients and their caregivers
Quintillan, Ghislaine. "Enseignement sportif et communication non verbale : la gestualité spécifique de l'entraîneur." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H002.
Full textIn teaching sport, we have observed that the coach uses specific skills, among another, in order to convey technical information within the functions of prescription and retroaction. These specific skills refer both to the coach's technical and pedagogical knowledge. As a result, we have hypothesized that the expert coaches' specific skills must differ from those of the novices by the multidimensionality of the information they convey on the one hand and by a more diversifiel repertory of these skills representing pedagogical skills on the other hand. Each skill can be considered as a pedagogical device. Given this hypothesis, we have developed a system with five categories of skills: "gestes-reproduction", "gestes-evocation", "gestes-indication", "gestes-substitution", "gestes-menipulation". Then, we have compared the expert-coaches with two types of novices-coaches: some of them had good practice in their sports event, this had an expert's technical references, the others, who were students in physical education and had no thorough knowledge in any sports activity, were versatile, but had more asserted pedagogical references. When the comparisons were made, we were able to show the following characteristics of the expert-coach's specific skills: these skills enable to convey a great variety of information, the same specific skill can inform the beginner on various modalities of technical performance such. .
Cazauvieilh, Christophe. "Évaluer et améliorer l'efficacité des psychothérapies : adaptation française d'un système de suivi des résultats thérapeutiques et étude des processus participant au changement." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0261/document.
Full textThe practice and management of psychotherapy is a current stake in health policies. Even if psychotherapy is generally deemed efficient and that outcomes compare or exceed best medical practices, drop-out, deterioration rates and poor results associated to care are far to be insignificant, and clinicians represent a major part in the variance of therapy outcomes; without having access to their results or getting simple means to access these data. Clinicians efficacy decline during the career without benefiting from reliable method to help in the growth of the efficiency. Routine Outcome Monitoring (ROM) is a quite recent methodology based on patient feedback regarding the outcomes and the therapeutic alliance, which are predictors of the most efficient therapies. This methodology is evidence-based but not much used in French settings of care. ROM seems to be associated to better outcomes for patients who initially did not benefit from their treatments, with moderate gains, especially noticed in outpatient settings. Therapists do not seem to learn from feedback exposure and theoretical models of ROM posit that therapist’s related characteristics modulate the outcomes (gender, self-efficacy, feedback propensity); therapists vary in feedback benefits. Feedback could act as a corrective negative signal helping therapists to inform the treatment. Summarizing these results, we suggest that ROM feedback could interact with nonverbal naturalistic feedback signals for whom therapist would vary in detection abilities. Instrumental feedback could complete or maximize the potential to use these information in order to help the therapeutic process. In a first study we realized the French transcultural validation of the PCOMS scales (ORS and SRS, Miller et al., 2005). These French scales share many properties with the American version (factorial structure, validity, reliability). Pre-normative data, cut-off score and reliable change index are also documented.In a second pilot study, we explored the association between therapist abilities to detect non-verbal signals (macro and micro emotion, in the voice and in the body) and treatment outcomes with a sample of 11 English speaking therapists delivering psychotherapy to 386 patients, engaged in a ROM practice. A multilevel analysis revealed that the detection of voice signals (with a randomized spliced filtering) was associated to better outcomes in treatment. This data is a first element for an auxiliary model of instrumental feedback in psychotherapy (the lens model), for which new researches are needed
Barrier, Guy. "Geste, acte graphique et inférence : la communication au-delà du code." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070041.
Full textIn this work two types of expressive movements are analysed: gestures linked to interactions and graphic gestures. Indexical and communicative functions of these productions are investigated, keeping at a distance both from interpretative syncretism used by naive theories and positivist a prioris. This phenomenon cannot be handled either from the perspective of the code model, or from the closed structure point of view. It is useful to pay attention to the qualitative modulations of these acts, which form interpersonal contexts, generate pragmatic effects, and permit to infer intentionality. Paralinguistic acts are considered according to the intensity variations of movements, and depending on parameters such as expansivity, tonicity, continuity, tempo, flexibility, and coordination. These parameters are overdetermined by dynamic versus slackening, tension. These vectors of behavioural flow may have index value and permit one to induce the style of the corporal presence of transmitters. In other circumstances they communicate and enable one to negotiate adequate images by means of signs, thanks to work and control of the face. In fact paralinguistic acts and graphic gestures vary in regard to cognitive, affective, social, and interlocutive contexts. Graphic and non-verbal corpora allow one to notice that spatial-temporal modulations play a decisive role in intersubjective and mimic-cinetic processes. It is suggested that the phenomenological observation and frequential methods, treated from both sides, enable one to take into account the continued and discontinued nature of a process, and to understand which structure components and movement components are co-mobilised during interpretation process
Durocher, Barbara. "Le visage stendhalien : communication non-verbale dans Le rouge et le noir." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66160.
Full textLaroche, Sylvie Eva. "Etudes des composantes gestuelles dans la communication vocalique : une étude comparative entre le jeune enfant ordinaire et trisomique 21." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL359.
Full textSenos, Stéphanie. "Enseignement-apprentissage de la langue-culture française : analyse ethnographique de la communication verbale et non verbale de formateurs en français pour les migrants adultes." Limoges, 2013. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/3ac3a02f-5e5e-43f3-b657-0551bd61e80b/blobholder:0/2013LIMO2010.pdf.
Full textThis work focuses on teaching French as a foreign language to adults in a migratory context. Observing that communication is the major problem for a teacher, the analysis will centre on verbal and non-verbal communication in teaching-learning situations. Considering that the feeling of imbalance is the starting point of any learning, this study will be mainly concerned with the concept of universal-singular in connection with the theory of culture shock. The ethnographic analysis of discourse practices and actual teachers’ practices for adult migrants in French informs us about teachers’ methodologies and the role they ascribe to languages and cultures in training sessions. This analysis shows that a comparative intercultural approach, relying on a task-based approach and the contextualized meaning of language seems to be propitious to the teaching-learning of the French language and culture, regarding bi-multilingual adult learners, who were more or less educated previously in a monolingual context
Juneau, Josée. "L'intégration scolaire en classe régulière d'enfants autistes : ses effets sur l'isolement social, la communication verbale et non verbale et les activités motrices stéréotypées." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9269.
Full textGaudy, Thomas. "Etude et développements de jeux vidéo sonores accessibles aux personnes aveugles." Paris, CNAM, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CNAM0606.
Full textLes jeux vidéo excluent les personnes aveugles. Certains jeux sonores leur sont accessibles. Nous avons effectué un état de l’art des jeux sonores sous leurs différentes formes dans la première partie de cette thèse. Les jeux sonores souffrent d’une prise en main difficile. L’explication des règles par l’utilisation du langage n’est pas assez efficace et nuit au rythme de l’interaction. Nous nous demandons s’il est possible d’inclure un système non langagier permettant un démarrage rapide de la partie dans un jeu sonore accessible aux personnes non voyantes. La seconde partie constitue une réflexion théorique sur les qualités que doivent présenter les jeux pour permettre une prise en main rapide. Nous expliquons comment une personne devient joueur progressivement en suivant un processus d’apprentissage basé sur l’interaction. Il n’est pas nécessaire de fournir au joueur des informations explicites sur les règles du jeu mais il faut présenter à chaque étape un défi qui puisse être surmonté. Nous développons notre réflexion théorique en considérant les méthodes de communication audio non langagières telles que les « earcones » et les « icônes auditifs ». Nous considérons enfin les travaux de chercheurs qui préconisent de donner une orientation plutôt « musicale » à cette forme de communication non verbale. En troisième partie, nous tentons de répondre à notre problématique à l’aide de trois protocoles expérimentaux. En conclusion, nous proposons dans le cadre d’un jeu sonore de labyrinthe accessible aux personnes aveugles, un système d’apprentissage non langagier qui permet un démarrage rapide de la partie
Courjou, Évelyne. "Le toucher, premier et ultime dialogue." Marne-la-Vallée, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MARN0216.
Full textMiqil, Salem. "Enseignement de la communication non verbale par la vidéo authentique en classe de FLE en Libye." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0249.
Full textCurrently, the teaching of foreign languages generally aims to teach students to communicate. Referring to the communication to the expression of a vast universe of beliefs and behaviors that are expressed interactively and / or non-interactively, thanks to sensitive and / or intelligible systems. When these beliefs and behaviors, and their forms of expression, are shared by a group of people, we are facing the concept of culture. Thus, foreign students must acquire the essential skills that will enable them to communicate with people of another culture : they will then know, understand and, if possible, acquire all of the information characterizing this culture, that is their verbal and non-verbal activities, their beliefs and communication systems. Nonverbal communication is a vast field within the cultural system of communication, concerning all signs and linguistic signs systems that are used to communicate. The importance of the integration of signs and systems incorporating non-verbal communication in the curricula of FFL (French as a Foreign Language) is reported and included in the European Framework of Reference for Languages : learning, teaching, assessing (Council of Europe, 2001). In the chapter about the use of language, the CEFRL recommends taking into account the skills that students must acquire concerning the actions and gestures used with words (verbal and nonverbal communication), and the situations in which the students will have to implement these skills. Furthermore, it is stated that foreign language learners must be able to identify, recognize and understand the behaviors of paralinguistic, gestural, proxemics and facial expressions of the target language (Council of Europe, 2001: 72-73). The main objective of this study is to select non-verbal signs in the broadest sense for the application to the teaching and learning of the FFL for a Libyan public. In the classroom, these elements can be introduced using video documents representing authentic situations so that learners can observe non-verbal signs and re-use them correctly when intercultural contacts
Balthasar, Lukas. "Interaction audio-visuelle : théorie pragma-linguistique et transcription." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0087.
Full textBouriche, Boumédienne. "Indices non verbaux de réussite et d'échec dans la communication du mensonge." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10055.
Full textPresse, Marie-Christine. "Non verbal et communication : pédagogie différenciée ou différenciation sociale." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50377-1999-1.pdf.
Full textMiqil, Salem. "Enseignement de la communication non verbale par la vidéo authentique en classe de FLE en Libye." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0249.
Full textCurrently, the teaching of foreign languages generally aims to teach students to communicate. Referring to the communication to the expression of a vast universe of beliefs and behaviors that are expressed interactively and / or non-interactively, thanks to sensitive and / or intelligible systems. When these beliefs and behaviors, and their forms of expression, are shared by a group of people, we are facing the concept of culture. Thus, foreign students must acquire the essential skills that will enable them to communicate with people of another culture : they will then know, understand and, if possible, acquire all of the information characterizing this culture, that is their verbal and non-verbal activities, their beliefs and communication systems. Nonverbal communication is a vast field within the cultural system of communication, concerning all signs and linguistic signs systems that are used to communicate. The importance of the integration of signs and systems incorporating non-verbal communication in the curricula of FFL (French as a Foreign Language) is reported and included in the European Framework of Reference for Languages : learning, teaching, assessing (Council of Europe, 2001). In the chapter about the use of language, the CEFRL recommends taking into account the skills that students must acquire concerning the actions and gestures used with words (verbal and nonverbal communication), and the situations in which the students will have to implement these skills. Furthermore, it is stated that foreign language learners must be able to identify, recognize and understand the behaviors of paralinguistic, gestural, proxemics and facial expressions of the target language (Council of Europe, 2001: 72-73). The main objective of this study is to select non-verbal signs in the broadest sense for the application to the teaching and learning of the FFL for a Libyan public. In the classroom, these elements can be introduced using video documents representing authentic situations so that learners can observe non-verbal signs and re-use them correctly when intercultural contacts
Félix, Michel. "Communication non verbale et stratégie produit : une proposition d'un modèle de choix au point de vente : une application aux enfants." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL12008.
Full textThis research deals with the following question : "what do consumers do at store with product-informations when they are doing some shopping, using low deliberative decision process ?". Low involved purchase or impulse purchase relates to these low deliberative decision processes in marketing literature. This research asserts that the multiattribute attitude paradigm is not fitted to identify low deliberative decision processes. Situational conditions, in which these processes can lead to in-store decision, are emphasized. The present research describes these processes as a set of visual imagery mechanisms. A new paradigm named motor assimilation imagery values has been assessed. An experiment was devised by exploring children visual imagery processes involved in low deliberative purchase decision. These children were ages 4-9. This study focusses on commercial applications. They aim at an improvement of the product promotional concept strategy as well as setting up control methodology of these promotional concepts. These concepts include several components of global product communication (packging on advertising, packaging at store, advertising at store)
Pavelin, Bogdanka. "La posturomimogestuelle dans l'échange langagier en face-à-face : application en classe de langue." Toulouse 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU20030.
Full textThis study is based on the analysis of the video recorded interactions in the classes of french as a foreign language. It results in two directions. On the one hand, it studies the general status and role of posture, gesture and facial expression (pgf) in face-to-face communication. On the other hand, it deals with the status and role of pgf from the foreign language teaching standpoint, being particularly concerned with the teacher's behaviour in the foreign language class. Speech and gesture (i. E. Pgf) produce language acts. The pgf production is, as well as the speech production, an essential factor in the global language activity. These productions are in close synergy during every face-to-face interaction. Therefore, the pgf production should not be considered in isolation from the globality of the language act. The better knowledge of the pgf functioning in the global language teaching. During their professional training, the foreign language teachers need to get more acquainted with this aspect of language behaviour. The teacher's self-expression through movement produces a direct impact upon the students. This has been observed in the experiment on the possibi
Primel, Armelle. "Le visuel, la kinésique et la pensée : approche éthologique et clinique : perspectives éducatives pour les non-voyants." Lyon 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO20051.
Full textFollowing a clinic and ethologic approach we reflected upon the role of the visual in the kinesic and the organisation of the thought which is linked to it. Starting from the notion that a study of what happens in those two domains of the blind can enrich a knowledge in the functions of the visual, we have successively led : 1) a book research of the psychic and kinesic communication and organisation of both the blind and the sighted; 2) an empirical contribution on the different modes of expression, communication and organisation of the thought in the absence of vision - this was done from the practical studies on blind people; 3) a reflection on the thinks between the visual, communication and psychic functioning; 4) an application in action research form aiming at enriching the expressive gesturing of blind children
Bertel, François. "Animation d'humanoi͏̈de dans un contexte conversationnel impliquant un dialogue verbal et non verbal." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10090.
Full textRogé, Bernadette. "Differenciation sexuelle et communications non verbales approche developpementale." Paris 8, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA080672.
Full textAfter a theoretical introduction, sexual differentiation is considered regarding non-verbal communication. Studies carried out in the adult and the child are reviewed. Communication behaviours of infants aged nine to thirty months are studied as to differentiation. These data show the precocity of girls i n acquisition of non-verbal signals and in integration of rules of communication. The behaviours of children aged eighteen to twenty-eight months are then correlated with data on temperament, educational attitudes in the family, socio-economic status and certain personality traits of the parents. Girls show stronger orientation towards the social partner, and boys towards the material environment. The style of communication particular to each sex has more influence on the communication of the parents than their own perception of their child. This dimension cannot be related to any environmental influence except the behavioural style of the child and his or her level of development. In conclusion, the author speculates that in the building-up of the sexual role, the behavioural dimension precedes cognitive elaboration. The behaviour of the child is considered as an organiser of the social environment
Saleh, Zinat. "Observations et analyses du comportement verbal et non verbal des adultes en première année d'apprentissage d'une langue étrangère." Besançon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BESA1016.
Full textMasse, Laurence. "La communication verbale et nonverbale en situation d'entretien psychothérapeutique : comparaison de deux types de psychothérapie : cognitive et d'inspiration psychanalytique." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA083776.
Full textLecuir, Marie-Laure Sainson Claire. "Communication et dysfonctionnement exécutif du sujet traumatisé crânien." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=18071.
Full textGuerrier, Alain. "Complémentarité du langage verbal et du langage non-verbal dans la reformulation : une stratégie pour combler un "blanc de compréhension" en classe?" Bordeaux 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR21343.
Full textWhen a teacher gives an instruction, it can happen that one or other pupil fails to understand it, through a moment of inattention for which there can be many causes. Nevertheless the pupil wishes to follow the lesson. He therefore turns to another pupil in the private hope that he will be able to hear the whole instruction again, or at least those parts that were missed. As discreetly as possible, he attempts to attract his neighbour’s attention. There follows an exchange in which words and gestures will result in the given task being resumed by both the helper and the helped. Both parties had the intention of successfully concluding what they had undertaken, even if their objectives were quite different. This study tries to identify the requirements for successful reformulation by showing the close relationship between verbal and non-verbal language, the latter substituting sometimes for the former in the interest of efficacy. The method of analysis used is based on the theory of pertinence - deriving from pragmatics - and observations were carried out in classes of sixième (1st year secondary school) and CM2 (final year primary school), during french, mathematics, history and geography lessons. These observations have allowed analysis of the behaviour and discourse of the pupils involved. For it is not necessarily the case that any child who engages with another in class is simply doing so in order to chatter…
Leroy, Marie. "Mise en place et développement de l'intonation et de la mimo-gestualité chez l'enfant entre 0,2 et 1,10." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030011.
Full textThis research is based on the hypothesis that child develops, before articulate language, a system of communication primarily founded on intonation and gesture. It presents three complementary approaches of a longitudinal corpus about a French child between 0,2 and 1,10 through an intonative analysis of F0, duration and pause, and their value in the process of communication, an analysis of the first verbalisations and their intonative and gestual features, and a pragmatic analysis which tries to establish the clues allowing an adult to interpret the chil's behaviour as an intention of communication. .
Verdier-Gioanni, Catherine. "Voix et posturo-mimo-gestualité de professeur/e/s des écoles : observation clinique de séances d’enseignement vidéoscopées à l’école primaire." Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100129.
Full textThe thesis deals with the observation of schoolteachers in teaching-learning situation and tries to illuminate the significant role of their voice, gesture and nonverbal expressions in the formation of the psychic space of class. Investigation is focused both on the beginning and on the end of the observed lessons, according to the assumption that these specific moments reveal much of the way a teacher works (Berdot, Blanchard-Laville & Chaussecourte, 2003). This research is part of a clinical and psychoanalytically-oriented current in Education studies. Hence, the analyses highlight elements that mostly belong to the Freudian unconscious psychic register. Observing face and eye expressions may shed some light on the particular manner a teacher « envisages » class (Marcelli, 2006). As for the teachers’ voice, it is multifaceted and presents a polarity between a voice rich with tones giving to the listener a sense of being cosily enveloped in it and a rougher voice. In the first case, the « melodic bath », consisting of a composed, calm, enveloping voice with harmonious rhythms and soft voicing, would convey to pupils a secure « sound mirror », likely to allow them to stimulate their thinking and develop as pupils. In the second case, the flat voice, unmelodious, which privileges low tones, the voice of potency, the rough impersonal voice would present a « sound bath » lacking vitality as well as holding, reassuring qualities for pupils. The observed teachers’ gestural expression appears to be, most of the time, congruent with their eye expression and voice modulations. Three key concepts, revolving around three verbs, disclose the content of psychic climate in the pedagogical space, i. E. : « to hold », « to drop », « to master »
Lemasson, Alban. "Communication vocale et organisation sociale chez la mone de Campbell (Cercopithecus campbelli)." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10045.
Full textBarrière-Boizumault, Magali. "Les communications non verbales des enseignants d’Education Physique et Sportive : Formes et fonctions des CNV, croyances et réalisation effective des enseignants, ressenti des effets par les élèves." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10217/document.
Full textThis study questions the use of non-verbal communication in the teaching of Physical Education. Non-verbal communication (NVC) sends information to students which sometimes contradicts verbal communication or unwittingly transmits teachers' expectations. Communication issues are addressed in this study under the interactionist’ perspective. Each verbal or non-verbal intervention of the teacher creates an interaction with students, whose purpose may be educational or didactic. Three studies were conducted. The first exploratory study aims at questioning the PE students beliefs about communication, in order to identify their level of knowledge, as well as their awareness of the importance of communication in teaching. Their answers are then compared with those of active teachers. This allows to understand the evolution of beliefs and to highlight teaching practices. The second study is based on the use of an observational grid on NVC during classes. It aims at confirmingthe operation of a functional classification of NVC. A comparison between explaining, doing, and explaining action is carried out using various interviews. Teachers are rarely aware of the types ofcommunication they use in the classroom. They are often surprised with the wide range of NVC they unconsciously use. They often highlight the emotional aspect of the pedagogical relationship, when watching themselves interacting with students in class, while they usually focus on teaching when first questioned about their educational methods. Emphasis is placed on the role and importance oftouching and routines in PE. What students say they feel is compared with what teachers describe. The last study draws attention on contextualized non verbal interactions, through two case studies. Changes seem to occur in the activity, according to the characteristics of students, or those of teachers. There search concludes with proposals both for initial and continuous training of teachers. Improving daily teaching practices can be facilitated through awareness of their beliefs and operational methods in situ
Casagrande, Christine. "Structure et régulation des interactions sociales dyadiques du jeune enfant : contribution à une nouvelle méthode d'étude." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA3483.
Full textThe aim of this study is a qualitative and quantitative approach of interactive abilities of very young children, within the framework of an experimental situation enhancing " free motricity " of four/five-months-old infants. Communicative exchanges were coded using 374 items classified in 24 behavioural categories. A micro-analytic analysis, in association with syntactic real-time approach, and data analyses carried out using a special purpose software package Theme (Magnusson) to detect and study recurrent " patterns ", allow to identify a sequential, hierarchical and temporal behavioural organization. It also permits both to identify sequentially organized communicative bouts for each child in interaction (intra-individual and interindividual patterns). The main results show : the high level of competence in the mutual visual attention span in four/five month-old-infants allowing sustained, structured and complex interactions ; " behavioural organizers ", " motor-cores " of more complex patterns, but also " interaction regulator organizers " (looking away, stereotypies, behavioural " outbursts ", proxemic variations. . . ) ; the personal specificity of behaviour dynamics. However, the regulation ability of the infants in interaction is expressed by a communicative mutual adjustement implying synchronization and selection/diversification of behavioural repertory. The infants " plasicity " and familiarity between peers would facilitate this interindividual adjustement phenomena ; the effects of the infants relative distance and position on structure and regulation of their acts and interactions. The " 45 degrees adjoined seats " position seems to facilitate the interactions and mutual tactile contacts ; the presence of object modifies the structure and course of their acts and interactions. With focus on object, the exchanges break off and behavioural expressivity and variety decrease. This study helps to apprehend the competence of very young chidren to coordinate their own acts and regulate the interaction in a " symetric " situation, without parental " scaffolding ". This micro-analytic approach may be valuable to determine early behavioural disturbances in handicapped/" at risk " children in order to prevent them
Scherb, André. "La fable et le protocole : une dialectique fondatrice de processus de création dans la peinture contemporaine." Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/152359737#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textOur study of the creation process in a selection of contemporary paintings has enabled us to distinguish two forms of thought: a fable and a protocol, where a fable is the emergence of the sense and a protocol, the creation of the work. We tried to highlight their presence during the invention of a painting, and gradually discovered that they spring from a non-verbal source. Our research leans on a personal pictorial practice, on the study of the work of artists, on theoretical papers and on interviews with six contemporary artists: Jean-François Maurige, Shirley Jaffe, Dominique Gauthier, Christian Bonnefoi, Béatrice Bescond and Janladrou. Given that there is a difference between what we make and what we think of making, we have been able to identify the presence of a deep pre-reflective thought ahead of any verbal expression. Thanks to neurosciences, to the complex thought theories (Edgar Morin, Miguel Benasayag), and to cognitive sciences research (Francisco Varela, Claire Petitmengin, Pierre Vermersch), we supposed that the impossibility to reach the totality of our cognitive activity incites us to constantly try to approach the inexpressible by producing a fable, which is then formulated verbally or plastically. The study shows the importance of a thought in action which presents a multitude of immediate micro-decisions during the making of a painting in the absence of internal debate, even if this specific shape of thought seems to be excluded from certain contemporary artistic practices because of a discharge of subjectivity and the exclusion of the body. The finished work reveals a concretized fable and protocol which are plastically expressed and allow the formulation process of the artist to be seen and felt. We assumed that it is this particular process which is captured by the observer and enables his own creative reformulation. The painting should therefore be considered – beyond the deliberate and abstract thought and beyond the object in its strict materiality – as a transformation process of the thought, which offers a temporary capture of the unthinkable
Diop, Omar. "L'interaction de la prosodie et de la gestuelle dans la construction du sens : cas des contes Wolof." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN1708.
Full textThe verbal utterance is not the only component of oral discourse; there are also sounds, intonations, gestures and melodies of songs. In this paper we try to get into terms that present no difficulties as far as syntax is concerned but that may be difficult to grasp if the translator does not have the cognitive, thematic and non linguistic knowledge that are necessary for decoding the message. The problems we meet when translating texts from oral tradition are twofold: the first concerned the understanding of lexical components and the second one is about the comprehension of non verbal signs. We judged necessary and even unavoidable to combine these two elements of the oral discourse to give the full message with all its emotional aspects
Goujon, Aurélie. "Indices d'incompréhension et séquences de réparation dans l'interaction en face-à-face : une analyse multimodale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0326.
Full textIn this work, we focus on eyebrows movements in face to face interaction as a resource usedby one speaker to inform the other that there is an understanding problem. Our aim is to describethe interactional sequence in which this movement appears, and to describe the interactionaltrajectories used by the speaker to solve the misunderstanding that took place. Our work comeswithin the scope of Interactional Linguistics that recommend the study of the whole ofmultimodal resources without necessarily analysing them systematically.Our methodology comes from corpus linguistics, allowing us to perform a systematic analysisof these phenomena. This method consists in first annotating the eyebrows movements (raisingand frowning) that are produced as a response by the interlocutor in 3 different interactioncorpora. These movements annotations are performed manually first, and then automaticallythanks to the development of a tool that makes it possible to detect and automatically annotatethem. Then, the annotation of the different sequences that include an understanding problem ismade from pre- existing criteria from the literature (Weigand, 1999 ; Antaki, 2012).This work will allow a better understanding of the mechanisms of social interaction, taking allof the multimodal complexity that they imply into account. This study sheds light on the roleplayed by eyebrows movements as a practice to initiate understanding-problem sequences, andalso as a practice used as a disalignment and realignment cues during the aforementionedsequences
Descôteaux, Jean. "Transfert et contre-transfert : importance relative des expressions verbales et non verbales du patient." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44393.
Full textPerisse, Jean-Claude. "Le geste et la représentation de l'univers : étude sur la signification et la portée du geste dans la communication inter-individuelle, la constitution du tissu social, l'interprétation du monde et l'écriture poétique." Lyon 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO31011.
Full textGestures are a means of communication much favoured by comedians, orators and political or historical figures. They help to convey, personalise and sometimes contradit the semantic content of a message. Even when no word is uttered, a person's presence at a given place or time is highly significant in so far as others may give it a certain meaning. Gesture signs are not merely transfers of language signs into another register but they are inter-reacting with them, in close compliance with a previouslyn determined social context. The "dialectal" context thus created can only be acquired gradually and through close contacts. Both ancient times and the middle ages have evolved a genuine system of coded gestures whose norms tend to become perennial so as illustrate a self-prochaimed "perfect" society well exemplified in the one of courtiers. There, meaning is carried by outward appearance, or rather deception as denounced by moralists. Such an attitude illustrated by comedians, dandies, courtiers, histrions, is an evident text to be read by physiognomony. In the East, on the other hand, gesture is an illustration of the abilitry of a man to communicate harmoniously with the universe. Works of art, the organisation of meals and kletter-painting are so many ideal expressions of a sign which is an impersonation of the universe. In yi king, reading the future is carried out through a gesture which hints at some static transformation. In fact, it can be identified to the quet of the "way" and it finds a perfect illustation in war like gestures, between mysticism and esthectics
Jacquot, Amélie. "Influence des indices sociaux non-verbaux sur les jugements métacognitifs rétrospectifs : études comportementales, électromyographiques et interculturelles." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100131/document.
Full textActions and decisions most often take place in the presence of others. Previous social psychology studies have shown the effects of social information on external and observable behaviors. In this work, we aim to determine to what extent social information also influences the internal metacognitive monitoring processes underlying cognitive actions and decision-making. Non-verbal social cues (such as gaze direction and facial expressions) constitute an important part of human communication. Here, we have tested (i) whether non-verbal social cues are integrated into the processes of retrospective metacognitive monitoring (i.e. into the assessment of confidence-based judgment); (ii) whether filtering mechanisms are used to modulate the impact of these cues on confidence-based judgment, depending on cue relevance; and (iii) whether participants’ culture (collectivist versus individualist) modulates the impact of these cues on confidence-based judgment. Our work explores these issues through four sets of behavioral studies, two of which also exploring facial expressions using electromyography, and two of which exploring intercultural differences (comparing Japanese and French participants). Overall, we observed that non-verbal social cues that reinforce individuals' choices automatically increase their confidence in those choices, even when the cues are unreliable. The processing of these particular social cues (in the context of the assessment of confidence-based judgment) follow a heuristic pathway. The effects are similar among Japanese and French participants, although somewhat more marked among Japanese participants (i.e. the collectivist culture). The electromyographic recordings of significant facial expressions during the cognitive task likely reflect different mechanisms depending on individuals’ cultural values. We discuss our findings in the context of their clinical and learning applications
Ouattara, Karim Gombert Jean-Émile N'Goran Kouakou. "Communication vocale chez la mone de Campbell sauvage (Cercopithecus campbelli campbelli) au Parc national de Taï- Côte d'Ivoire flexibilité acoustique et proto-syntaxe /." Rennes : Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00385425/fr.
Full textThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran titre. Bibliogr. p. 225-251.Annexes.
Moro, Christiane. "L'usage de l'objet comme experimentum crucis pour l'analyse de la construction des significations durant la période préverbale : étude longitudinale chez le bébé entre 7 et 13 mois." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR21010.
Full textFarhat, Mokhtar. "Analyse du verbal, du paraverbal et du non-verbal dans l’interaction humoristique à travers l’étude de trois one-man-shows d'humoristes francophones d’origine maghrébine : Fellag, Gad El Maleh et Jamel Debbouze." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100159/document.
Full textThe thesis undertakes the analysis of the functioning of verbal, paraverbal, and non-verbal content in humorous interaction through the study of three one-man shows available on DVD, namely Djurdjurassique Bled of Fellag, Décalages of Gad El Maleh, and 100% Debbouze of Jamel Debbouze. These Francophone comedians, with Maghrebian origins, convey an image breaking with all stereotypes that have for long stigmatized the North African in France or confined him/her to the situation of a nostalgic outcast. Through humor, the comedians have subverted these stereotypes and transformed what was once a major handicap: living between two languages, hence two cultures. Humor, in this respect, is linked to phenomena of linguistic and cultural interference. The main purpose of this research is to demonstrate how these artists involve the audience by breaking barriers, taboos, and prejudices both linguistically and culturally to enhance social integration and build new strong bridges between the two shores of the Mediterranean. In so doing, the artists rely on their creativity and constructive satire to symbolize a deep hope for change
Bressolle, Marie-Christine. "Modalités et stratégies de construction d'un environnement cognitif commun : le cas des contrôleurs de la navigation aérienne." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20115.
Full textThis research is about the modernisation of the working position of En-Route air traffic controllers, who control a dynamic environment characterised by strong time pressure. It focuses on the mechanisms of construction of knowledge, which interlocutors suppose is shared in communication. Based on Sperber and Wilson's model of inferential communication (1989) associated with an interactionist orientation, the approach emphasizes non-verbal modes of intervention and variable participation levels. The results presented deal with three characteristics of communication : the components evoked by controllers on the traffic (content of verbal speech), the use of different interaction modes (verbal, non-verbal or indirect), as well as the addressed character of interventions. To begin with, it appears that controllers favour the use of combined modes to communicate certain information content. Last, and above all, they highlight communication strategies based on the production of addressed intervention on the one hand, or on the use of non-addressed information, on the other. These strategies can be interpreted as being evidence of a trade-off between the necessity of ensuring mutual understanding with respect to elements critical to traffic, and a coping with the time pressure. Nominal interaction sequences are then analysed to show how the use of indirect or non-verbal information allows, in some cases, the building of a common cognitive environment without resorting to verbal exchanges. The study of incident-sequences further confirms these earlier results. It indicates that comprehension is built on the grounds of several types of hypothesis relative to the teammate's knowledge or intentions. They also show that the use of resources from the environment might be, to a certain extent, likely to contribute to the recovery for controllers' misunderstandings. Different implications are discussed and in particular, reasons for studying control mechanisms acting on controllers' mutual understanding
Raidt, Edith H. "Regard et communication face-à-face entre un locuteur humain et un agent conversationnel animé : attention mutuelle et monstration multimodale." Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0034.
Full textIn the context of synthetic generation and decoding of linguistic information, not only the audible component but also the visual component of speech conveys valuable information. We address gaze as an important modality to enhance speech and to convey additional information. Gaze is an important deictic gesture as well as it plays various roles in the organization of dialogue and social interaction. In a first experiment, we investigated how the gaze of a talking head can be used as a deictic gesture in an on-screen search and retrieval task. We found that such gestures are appropriate to reduce processing time as well as cognitive load. Multimodal gestures incorporating speech in a coherent way showed to be more efficient than only visual gestures. In a second experiment, we investigated the relations between the gaze of a target subject and different elements of conversational interaction. We defined different stages in the dialogic exchange of information and found that these are related to the variations in the measured gaze behavior. Based on the observed characteristics we propose a model to control the gaze of an embodied conversational agent in close dyadic interaction
Abécassis, Janine. "L'enfant et le signe. Signe constitue. Signe constituant." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR1D001.
Full textThree years old. We have described their vocalizations, their non verbal communications and their first use of the linguistic signs. We have also related the psychotherapy of elder children (from 2 years old to 12 years old). We have realized video-fims, analysed projective techniques, interviews and drawings. Most of the analysos of these documents is given in the annexe. We have so pointed out how the child enters the universe of meaning from which, he willdraw his mental health and his creativeness
CHANOINE, JACQUES. "Recherche didactique sur la formation multireferentielle et l'histoire d'un milieu : la bourse." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081200.
Full textLayman's intrusion into the stock-exchange of paris (la bourse) and the financial world. Middle then peripheral researcher's position facing the historical analyseur formed by the law of january 22d. 1988 when stock-brokers' offices where cancelled. Multidisciplinary research on origin and education of stock exchange professionals and especially stock-brokers. Monographic frame works of these professions, including financials who play with the stock- exchange. Future of the trade
Consalvi, Laurence. "Stimuli risibles et fonctions du rire en classe de français langue étrangère." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA1014.
Full textThis study is about the importance and the function of laughter in teaching/learning of French as a foreign language. Laughter is more than a simple sound : it has many roles and functions in communication, emotion and relationships in conversation. The main object of this research is about laughter and laughing based on the analysis of two principal groups. The concerned public are divided in two groups : teenagers studying French in Rome and Asian intermediate level students of French at the Centre de Linguistique Appliquée in Besançon. This research is based on the analysis of quantitative and qualitative data. The results showed that besides the differences inherent in each group of students, the causes and functions of laughter have many common characteristics
Yeh, Li-Yi. "Stratégies des jeux de face dans les interactions entre les Français et les Chinois : "la parole est d'argent mais le silence est d'or"." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05H005.
Full textThis research aims to demonstrate and analyze the strategies used by the French and the Chinese to defend their face, by adding value to the other in the same time, so that interactions can advance properly. The pivot of our theory is mainly composed of the concept of the face of Erving Goffman, of the analysis of ethnographic interactions in the classroom of Cambra Giné, and methods of analysis of Véronique Traverso. In order to achieve this goal, we observed a group of Chinese learners in a French course at the University of Paris V for 2 months and made video recordings. It is from the original database that we have performed a very detailed transcription, in which not only the status are finely cut, but mimo-gestural and extralinguistic languages are also highlighted. On the other hand, a highly refined analysis reveals even the subtlest strategies. The results we have obtained clearly reflect, in the strategies of face games, a cultural difference in the interpretation of these strategies by the French and the Chinese. However, we noticed that the statutes teachers / learners have also played an important role, which determines certain actions of the participants. This study may be useful for those who want or are preparing to teach the French language to a Chinese public or people who share the Chinese culture (such as people in Hong Kong, the Taiwanese, the Singaporean, etc. )
Kassouha, Souleiman. "Etude comparative du fonctionnement de la communication chez les élèves dans les écoles élémentaires : l'interaction entre deux types d'élèves : tout venant et déficient intellectuel intégré." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN1523.
Full textAl, saman Shehab. "La gestualité pédagogique chez les enseignants yéménites dans la classe de FLE (Université de Sana'a et Dhamar)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30048.
Full textThe gestural language is entering little by little the didactic area. It is still, very rare, but we can no longer totally ignore it; the new generations of didacticiens are interested by it, projects are on way, some evidence shows that the gestural takes agood place in the pedagogical legitimacy. Our study therefore aims experimentally what is generally treated on the base of intuition or personal observation. It is before all, as teachers of FFL (French as a Foreign Language) in Yemen, that we have personally experienced this intuition and have become interested in this phenomenon. To evaluate the importance of the gesture, you need an experimental methodology, it is as researcher, that we will realise the experiments to elaborate one in this thesis. We consider that the pedagogical gesture is an essential practice to make the FFE class more explicit. Therefore, it is necessary to review the training of teachers. Since our pedagogic experience with Yemeni teachers is what has given us the most questioning around this theme, we have decided to observe our colleagues; Yemeni teachers, in twouniversities (Sana’a and Dhamar). We have gone from two essential assumptions: a) the pedagogical gesture is an act of non-verbal communication. b) its understanding asks for good level of cultural knowledge. We find it necessary to underline the importance of the pedagogical gesture in teaching/learning foreign languages to adult Yemenites
Gosson, Véronique. "Gestualité et prosodie au coeur du film publicitaire : perspectives didactiques." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070006.
Full textNumerous linguistic and didactic researchers have corne to the understanding that spoken language is not an act to be considered merely as verbal. The understanding of the notion and execution of speaking are linked in the reciprocal relationship between vocal and manual expression used in the total communication concept. The process of coding and decoding these two elements is strongly governed by the diverse language Systems and cultures utilized by the speaker. This project is aimed at evaluating the expression and perception found in the act of communication in order to better comprehend supra-segmental, gestural information. First, we use perceptual tests investigating the real influence of vocal and gestural responses to identify the attitudes and emotions found in French expression, using French televised commercials as experimental support. The second part of this project will examine the effects of French vocal and gestural responses as observed by adult native speakers as well as American, Japanese and Chinese subjects learning French. The underlying purpose of this dissertation is to provide more insight in the teaching of a spoken language - in this case, teaching French as a foreign language. Finally, we suggest a way of integrating our approach and experimental results for the use of French foreign language teachers and learners
Bendiouis, Sarah. "Imitation et communication chez le jeune enfant avec autisme." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30017/document.
Full textOur study tests the effects of training to imitation on the development of imitative and communicative skills of children with autism spectrum disorder. We selected a group of 21 children, aged between 4 and 10 years, diagnosed according to ICD-10, the ADOS and ADI-R. We followed a three-step procedure: assessment of imitative performance, learning by imitation, nonverbal communication and intensity of the disorder; training in imitation using a protocol based on the development of imitation; and end revaluation of imitative behavior, learning by imitation, communication and intensity of the disorder after workouts. Comparing the average scores before and after the intervention, indicates a significant increase in the level of imitation and child communication, and decreased severity of autistic disorder. However, analysis of the links between changes in performance in children and clinical characteristics at the origin (sex, chronological age, developmental age, severity of the disorder and motor) shows that the improvement in communication depends on chronological age of the children and their levels of motor performance at the origin